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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Psychotropic substance

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Academic literature on the topic 'Psychotropic substance'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 3 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Psychotropic substance"

1

Baranova, M. I., and A. V. Solonin. "On the Issue of Simulation Training in the Cycle of Additional Professional Education "Turnover of Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs"." Virtual Technologies in Medicine 1, no. 3 (September 17, 2021): 136–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.46594/2687-0037_2021_3_1334.

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Simulation training is an interactive type of educational activity realized through immersion in the environment, by recreating a real clinical situation. At the same time, it is not possible to observe the maximum immersion in reality when training on the circulation of narcotic drug and psychotropic substance due to strict control measures on the part of the supervisory authorities in terms of the circulation of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. The article discusses options for resolving the issue of organizing simulation training on the circulation of narcotic and psychotropic substances for nurses.

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Obirenjeyi Oluyase, Adejoke, Duncan Raistrick, Yasir Abbasi, Veronica Dale, and Charlie Lloyd. "A study of the psychotropic prescriptions of people attending an addiction service in England." Advances in Dual Diagnosis 6, no. 2 (May 17, 2013): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/add-03-2013-0005.

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PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the prescribed psychotropic medications taken by newly referred people with a range of substance use disorders (SUD) who attend a specialist community addiction service.Design/methodology/approachAnonymised data on newly referred people (n=1,537) with SUD attending a specialist community addiction service for their first episode of treatment between August 2007 and July 2010 were obtained from the database of the service. Data were cleaned and the percentage of people taking prescribed psychotropic medications at their first episode of treatment was calculated.FindingsMore than half (56.1 percent) of people attending the service were taking prescribed antidepressants and anxiolytics at their first episode of treatment whilst 15.2 percent of people were taking prescribed antipsychotics. Alcohol and opioids were the primary referral substances for 77.4 percent and 15.2 percent of people respectively. People referred for “other” substances (cannabis, stimulants, sedatives, hallucinogens, solvents and polydrug use) made up the remaining 7.5 percent and had the highest percentage of prescribed psychotropics (antipsychotics=47 percent, antidepressants and anxiolytics=64.3 percent) compared to those referred for alcohol and opioids (p<0.0005).Originality/valueTo the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of psychotropic prescribing among people with a range of SUD in the UK. The high prevalence of psychotropic prescribing raises questions about the appropriateness of these prescriptions and calls for scrutiny of prescribing practice in this group of people.

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Ruqoyah, Umu, Lisdiana Lisdiana, and Nur Rahayu Utami. "Analysis Knowledge Level of Psychotropic-Addictive Substance And Rejection Attitude Of Drug Abuse In Junior High School Students." Journal of Biology Education 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2019): 163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jbe.v8i2.31161.

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Lack of drug hazard knowledge becomes one of the drug abuse causes. Drug knowledge (psychotropic-addictive substances) will foster a negative attitude such as a rejection reaction towards drug abuse. Such attitudes may prevent or address drug abuse problems. That prevention needs to be done as early as possible by providing knowledge about drugs trough the school educations. This study would find the relationship between addictive and psychotropic substance knowledge with the attitude on drug abuse and how much that constriction in JHS students' attitudes. This research method is a survey method with an analytical observational design. The population in this study was all junior high school students in the Semarang North District with five classes (grade IX) as samples taken from three schools in the sub-district. The data collection measuring instruments used in this study is questionnaires and interviews. The results of this study show that more than 50% of students have high knowledge of psychotropic and addictive substances and have a negative attitude towards drug abuse. Data analysis results are obtained by a correlation coefficient value (r) of 0.971 and a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.942. The R value indicates a positive correlation while the R2 value is how much constricting it is. Based on the results of the study, concluded that the knowledge of psychotropic-addictive substances with the rejection attitudes of drug abuse has a positive and very strong relationship. And as much as 94.2% of the psychotropic addictive substance knowledge is constricting in the formation of students ' attitudes towards drug abuse.

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Gibson, Barry, Sam Acquah, and Peter G. Robinson. "Entangled identities and psychotropic substance use." Sociology of Health and Illness 26, no. 5 (July 2004): 597–616. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0141-9889.2004.00407.x.

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Suissa, Amnon Jacob. "Inspiration et création artistique en contexte d’usage de psychotropes." Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 43, no. 1 (January 23, 2014): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429813515415.

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Apart from the Inuits, who, until the arrival of the ‘white man’, were unable to cultivate plants because of the climate, it can be said that all cultures and human societies used psychotropic substances, and their usage can be considered universal. Although the use of certain psychotropic substances is associated with deviancy, multiple reasons can shed light on the drug phenomenon as a multifactorial reality. Among these reasons we can mention: medical use for health reasons, pleasure and sensorial experience; knowledge and exploration of the self; psychotherapy with LSD 25; war; support for religious practices; creation and artistic inspiration, etc. Through a literature review, this article explores the sociological and anthropological perspective in the field of psychotropic substances and their ties with the process of creativity and artistic inspiration (music, poetry, the arts, etc.). With a constructivist approach, a psychosocial perspective will be enabled to take a hold on certain social and cultural challenges in the context of psychotropic substance use and artistic creation.

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Plourde, Chantal, Natasha Dufour, Serge Brochu, and Annie Gendron. "Medication Use, Substance Use, and Psychological Conditions of Female Inmates in Canadian Federal Prisons." International Annals of Criminology 51, no. 1-2 (2013): 23–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003445200000040.

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SummaryThis study provides data on substance use patterns, including medications, among female inmates in Canadian federal prisons. The participants were interviewed regarding their substance use and their psychological condition before and during incarceration. Their medication cards were also analyzed. The results show that a large proportion (66.9 %) of these incarcerated women reported substance abuse prior to incarceration and exhibited psychological disorders. In prison, if the illicit substance use remained low, most subjects had prescriptions for more than one medication. Furthermore, women with psychotropic medication prescriptions in their file had, on average, prescriptions for two different psychotropic medications. Significant relationships were found between substance misuse before incarceration and illicit substance use or and psychotropic medication use during incarceration. These results support the need to develop integrated services for both addiction and mental health for female offenders during incarceration.

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Sullivan, R. J., and E. H. Hagen. "Psychotropic substance-seeking: evolutionary pathology or adaptation?" Addiction 97, no. 4 (April 2002): 389–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00024.x.

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Suzuki, Tsutomu. "New psychotropic substance abuse and its regulation." Folia Pharmacologica Japonica 150, no. 3 (2017): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1254/fpj.150.124.

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Khalilova, N. Sh, N. V. Korableva, V. A. Vetrova, M. U. Abdullayeva, and Z. U. Usmonaliyeva. "EXPERT RESEARCH OF MICROQUANTITIES NARCOTIC, PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES AND PRECURSORS." Theory and Practice of Forensic Science and Criminalistics 18 (December 26, 2018): 332–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32353/khrife.2018.38.

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While investigating and prosecuting criminal cases related to illegal drug trade, psychotropic substances and precursors, microobjects found at the scene of crime, as well as on items related to a crime and its participants, assume ever greater evidentiary. In expert practice, narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances often appear as research objects, that are rarely individual compounds. At that greatest difficulties arise while research of substances that are multicomponent systems and mixtures containing a large number of impurity and ballast substances, as well as low concentrations of active substances. So it is difficult to identify the substance that served as the basis for developing a methodology for the investigation of microquantities of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors. Despite the fact that chromatographic analysis is the most common method for the analysis of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and precursors, currently due to high information content, sensitivity and selectivity in the world practice of forensic chemical and medical examination, methods of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detector (HPLC-MS) become one of the most widely used. The use of the HPLC-MS method is the most optimal while research on narcotic, psychotropic substances and precursors by reducing the time of sample preparation, since there is no need for the stage of reagents evaporation and receipt of derivatives, and also it is appear possible to identify non-volatile substances that cannot be analyzed by GC-MS. As a result of the performed researches a methods for the criminalistic research of microquantities of certain narcotic drugs (heroin, morphine, opium, methamphetamine, cocaine, etc.), psychotropic substances (clonidine, bromazepam, ketazolam, trihexyphenidyl, methaqualone, barbital, etc.), precursors (pseudoephedrine, ephedrine) and a poison such as scopolamine using GC-MS and HPLC-MS.

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Fife, Stephanie A., Kay E. Ketzenberger, and James N. Olson. "Attitudes toward Psychotropic Medications." Psychological Reports 110, no. 2 (April 2012): 475–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/07.13.17.pr0.110.2.475-476.

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Attitudes and beliefs towards psychotropic medication were evaluated among psychiatric outpatients, patients receiving buprenorphine treatment for substance abuse, and a group who reported never having used psychotropic medications (non-users). The Drug Attitude Inventory scale and the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire General were used to assess attitudes and beliefs of 49 participants. Non-users exhibited more negative attitudes and beliefs toward psychotropic medication than both psychiatric groups.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychotropic substance"

1

Chan, Kin-yi Ivy, and 陳健儀. "A study of determinants of relapse in psychotropic substance abuse." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1995. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31250038.

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Chan, Kin-yi Ivy. "A study of determinants of relapse in psychotropic substance abuse /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470757.

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Perkonigg, Axel, Roselind Lieb, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence in Germany." Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-99907.

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To provide background information about previous findings about the prevalence of use, abuse and dependence of various substances (nicotine, alcohol, prescription and illicit drugs) findings of available epidemiological studies in Germany from the 1980s and 1990s are summarized and critically evaluated. Focusing on findings of substance use surveys in adolescents and young adults the review indicates: (a) a considerable number of large scale questionnaire surveys in general population samples documenting the frequency of use and patterns of use of most substances; (b) indications of increasing rates of drug use particularly in East Germany; (c) high rates of illicit drug use, mainly of cannabinoids, but also stimulants and hallucinogens, among young age groups. No data are available from substance use surveys or from clinical epidemiological studies allowing the determination of how frequent substance abuse and substance dependence diagnoses are in the general population or in adolescents and young adults. Priorities for future research to ameliorate this unsatisfactory situation are outlined with emphasis on research in adolescents and young adults.

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Nanchy, Nicole, and Michelle Sereese Green. "An exploratory study of barriers to psychotropic adherence from the client's perspective." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3057.

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The purpose of this study was to identify barriers to psychotropic adherence regimens in clients with Severe and Persistent Mental Illness (SPMI). Medication non-adherence perpetuates the cycle of psychotic episodes, which leads to rehospitalization, incarceration, and homelessness.

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Brown, Jessica, and Lisa M. Whittington. "Positive Drug Screens for Methamphetamine and/or Cocaine Versus Other Substances of Abuse in Patients with Serious Mental Illnesses: Comparison of Polysubstance Abuse, Psychiatric Hospitalizations, Prescribed Psychotropic Medications, and Cost of Services." The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624324.

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Class of 2007 Abstract
Objectives: To identify differences between patients diagnosed with a serious mental illness who test positive for cocaine and/or methamphetamine compared to patients who test positive or other abused substances. Methods: This retrospective study of clinical data obtained through a community mental health agency that provides outpatient services for patients with a serious mental illness. The study population was divided into two subgroups: positive cocaine and/or methamphetamine drug screen versus other positive drug screens and were compared over a 12- month period for the frequency and types of positive drug screens and blood alcohol levels, days of court-ordered treatment, the number of psychiatric hospitalizations and length of stay, primary psychiatric diagnosis, and the cost of care for services provided. Results: More females were in the “cocaine/methamphetamine” group versus more males in the “other substances of abuse” group, (p < 0.01). A higher proportion of patients diagnosed with psychotic disorders tested positive for “other substances” than for “cocaine and methamphetamine” (p < 0.01) and the “cocaine/methamphetamine” group had significantly more mood and anxiety disorders than the other group (p < 0.05). The frequency of patients testing positive for marijuana, methadone, and other opiates was higher in the “other substance abuse” group (p < 0.001). Patients in the “cocaine/methamphetamine” group had higher rates of polysubstance abuse (p < 0.001). The most commonly abused substance was cocaine (53.8%). Conclusions: Regular drug screening for substances of abuse and utilization of drug treatment programs should be recommended for SMI patients to improve their care and treatment outcomes.

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Perkonigg, Axel, Roselind Lieb, and Hans-Ulrich Wittchen. "Substance Use, Abuse and Dependence in Germany: A Review of Selected Epidemiological Data." Karger, 1998. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A26266.

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To provide background information about previous findings about the prevalence of use, abuse and dependence of various substances (nicotine, alcohol, prescription and illicit drugs) findings of available epidemiological studies in Germany from the 1980s and 1990s are summarized and critically evaluated. Focusing on findings of substance use surveys in adolescents and young adults the review indicates: (a) a considerable number of large scale questionnaire surveys in general population samples documenting the frequency of use and patterns of use of most substances; (b) indications of increasing rates of drug use particularly in East Germany; (c) high rates of illicit drug use, mainly of cannabinoids, but also stimulants and hallucinogens, among young age groups. No data are available from substance use surveys or from clinical epidemiological studies allowing the determination of how frequent substance abuse and substance dependence diagnoses are in the general population or in adolescents and young adults. Priorities for future research to ameliorate this unsatisfactory situation are outlined with emphasis on research in adolescents and young adults.

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7

Trávníček, Dušan. "Vliv alkoholu a jiných psychotropních látek na bezpečnost v dopravě." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232883.

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The objective of the thesis is based on statistical data to assess the degree of risk of abuse of psychotropic substances in transport. The work is divided into two parts. The theoretical part is mainly a search, dealing with the issue. The practical part has analyzed statistical data and the questionnaire survey, whose results are compared with the results of statistical data.

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Baran, Ozlem. "Determination Of Narcotic And Psychotropic Substances By Using Infrared Spectroscopy." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12606293/index.pdf.

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Narcotic and psychotropic substances are all chemicals that affect a person&rsquo
s mental activities, perceptual abilities, behavior and level of consciousness
they may cause physical and/or psychological dependence. For determination of narcotic and psychotropic substances, chromatographic techniques are usually preferred which are aimed to identify the target chemicals and require several extraction steps. In this study, an Infrared Spectrometric method has been developed for qualitative determination of most widely encountered substances (morphine, heroin, cocaine, MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamhetamine) and amphetamine) and additives (caffeine, paracetamol and lactose). Standard reference materials and illicit samples have been analyzed in powdered form by using Fourier Transform Infrared-Attenuated Total Reflectance (FTIR-ATR) technique. In the first part, a spectral FTIR database was constituted from the standard references. Illicit samples containing drugs and additives in varying percentages were analyzed using the same method and their database forecast results were compared with results from Gas Chromatography and High Pressure Liquid Chromatography. In the second part of the study, the possibility of finding a similarity between two samples just by comparing their spectra was investigated. For this purpose, all illicit sample spectra were collected in a new database, and then randomly selected samples were searched using this database. Most of the search attempts resulted in a correct match. Consequently, it has been observed that FTIR-ATR can be used as a priory detection step for classification studies
moreover with this technique pre-determination of narcotic and psychotropic substances can be done simply and rapidly.

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Czuba, Céline. "Consommations de substances psychoactives : à la confluence entre les droits à la santé et à la vie privée au travail." Thesis, Lille 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL20027/document.

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Les pratiques addictives aux substances psychoactives sont caractérisées par une dépendance révélée par l’impossibilité répétée de contrôler un comportement et la poursuite de ce comportement en dépit de la connaissance des conséquences négatives. Au-delà du problème considérable de santé publique, la question intéresse directement le monde du travail. Curieusement, le sujet reste un tabou, ou alors, n’est abordé que sous un angle moralisateur. Qu’elle soit à l’origine de ces conduites ou uniquement un des lieux d’expression des problèmes en découlant, l’entreprise ne peut plus faire l’impasse sur cette question. Si l’employeur, tenu à des impératifs de production, peut, parfois, tirer des bénéfices secondaires de certaines conduites addictives (« boulimies » au travail), cela peut avoir un impact négatif sur l’efficacité de sa structure (absences, accidents, baisse de productivité …). L’employeur peut également être tenu responsable pénalement dans les cas d’introduction de substances illicites dans l’entreprise. Au surplus, étant responsable des dommages causés par ses salariés, il devra s’assurer que ces derniers ne représentent pas un danger pour les tiers. Enfin, et peut être surtout, l’employeur est responsable de la santé de ses salariés. La consécration prétorienne d’une obligation de sécurité de résultat a d’ailleurs considérablement renforcé l’intensité de cet objectif. Afin de remplir ses obligations, l’employeur dispose de différentes mesures de contrôle, et jouit d’un double pouvoir de répression et de prévention en la matière. Mais les actions de l’employeur dans le domaine des addictions viennent se heurter à l’inaliénable liberté individuelle des salariés. Il est alors nécessaire de savoir jusqu'où la politique de prévention des entreprises du risque addictif en milieu de travail peut-elle aller sans interférer dans la vie privée des salariés
Addictive behaviors related to psychoactive substances are characterized by a dependence revealed by the repeated impossibility to control behavior and the continuation of the said behavior despite the subject being aware of its negative consequences. Over and beyond the significant public health issue, this topic directly concerns the world of work. Surprisingly, it remains taboo or is only approached from a moralizing angle. Should a company be the source of such behaviors or only one of the places where they are exhibited, it cannot ignore the issue. Although employers may sometimes see secondary benefits of some addictive behavior for productivity reasons (e.g. « workaholism »), this may result in a loss of efficiency of their workforce (absenteeism, accidents in the workplace, drop in productivity). Employers may be held criminally liable in the event of illicit substances being brought into the workplace. What is more, being liable for any damage or injuries caused by their employees, they must make sure they do not represent a threat to others. Last, but not least, employers are responsible for the health of their employees. This objective has been considerably strengthened by the definition of the employer’s safety obligation, by the Court of cassation, as an obligation of safety performance. In order to fulfil these obligations, employers have various control measures at their disposal and enjoy dual powers of repression and prevention. However, any action taken by the employer in the field of addiction comes up against the inalienable right to individual freedom of the employees. An employer is not omnipotent: where is the limit between the management of addictive risks in the workplace and an employee’s privacy, taking into account an employer’s obligation of safety performance

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Chapy, Hélène. "Identification fonctionnelle et moléculaire d'un transporteur de psychotropes et substances d'abus." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA05P603.

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Le système nerveux central est un organe privilégié et protégé, notamment grâce à l’existence des barrières histologiques entre le sang et les tissus nerveux. La barrière-hémato encéphalique (BHE) et la barrière hémato-rétinienne (BHR) séparent respectivement le parenchyme cérébral et la rétine des composés contenus dans l’espace vasculaire, grâce à l’expression de jonctions serrées et de transporteurs membranaires permettant une régulation spécifique des échanges entre le sang et le parenchyme nerveux. Ce travail a porté sur l’étude d’un nouveau transporteur de cations organiques mis en évidence fonctionnellement à la BHE de la souris. Ce transporteur appartenant très probablement à la superfamille des solute carrier (SLC), fonctionne comme un antiport proton. Actuellement, sa présence ne peut être démontrée que de façon fonctionnelle car son identité moléculaire est encore inconnue. Cet antiport proton constitue un nouvel acteur de la perméabilité cérébrale et ouvre une nouvelle voie d’accès au cerveau. Nous nous sommes tout d’abord attachés à approfondir les connaissances fonctionnelles de ce transporteur en étudiant de nouveaux substrats et tissus d’expression. Le transport cérébral de psychotropes a été étudié in vivo par la technique de perfusion carotidienne in situ chez la souris et in vitro grâce à une lignée de cellules endothéliales cérébrales humaines immortalisées (hCMEC/D3). Nous avons démontré que la haute perméabilité cérébrale de la cocaïne fait intervenir à la fois une diffusion passive et surtout une diffusion médiée par un antiport proton. La vitesse d’entrée des substances d’abus dans le cerveau est associée à un plus fort risque d’addiction et fait de ce transporteur un nouvel acteur critique de la régulation du passage cérébral. En effet, d’autres substances comme la nicotine et certaines amphétamines comme le MDPV et l'ecstasy sont également des substrats de cet antiport. Ce transporteur apparaît comme une cible pharmacologique potentielle dans la prise en charge de toxicomanies. Malgré la diversité chimique et pharmacologique d’interactions des composés avec cet antiport, les concentrations nécessaires pour l’inhiber dépassent celles retrouvées dans le sang. Pour aider l’identification d’inhibiteurs sélectifs et efficaces nous avons développé un modèle pharmacophorique d’inhibiteurs du transporteur à partir de données générées in vitro et de l’approche FLAPpharm. Ce modèle semble prédictif de nouveaux composés pouvant constituer de meilleurs inhibiteurs de ce transporteur. L’étude des échanges in vivo au niveau du tissu nerveux nous a menés à étudier l’impact de transporteurs ABC et de l’antiport-proton au niveau cérébral et rétinien à l’aide de substances spécifiques ou de substrats mixtes comme le vérapamil. L’antiport proton est fonctionnel au niveau de la BHR et transporte notamment la clonidine, le DPH et le vérapamil. Cependant, dans le cas d’un substrat mixte P-gp et SLC (ex : vérapamil), ce transport d’influx n’est visible à la BHE que lorsque la P-gp est neutralisée. Au contraire, à la BHR l’influx lié à cet SLC est visible naturellement. L’impact de la P-gp à la BHR étant 6.3-fois plus faible ce processus est probablement moins masqué. Cette étude illustre la difficulté actuelle de prédire l’impact fonctionnel d’un transporteur pour des substrats multi-spécifiques et l’existence d’une priorisation du transport. Enfin, nous avons essayé d’identifier l’antiport proton au niveau moléculaire par une méthode de photo-activation à l’aide d’un composé adapté. Cette méthode s’est avérée efficace pour fixer une molécule sur le transporteur, permettant par la suite de l’isoler plus facilement. En conclusion, ce travail a permis de mettre en évidence l’importance de l’antiport proton dans la distribution cérébrale de psychotropes et d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives dans l’addiction et la compréhension du transport de substrats multi-spécifiques
The central nervous system is a privilege organ protected by histological barriers between the blood and the nervous tissue. The blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) separate cerebral parenchyma and retina from the circulating blood and both express tight junctions and membrane transporters, allowing a precise regulation of the exchanges between the blood and nervous tissues. We studied a new cationic transporter functionally evidenced at the mouse BBB. This molecularly unknown transporter belong to the solute carrier super family (SLC) and is a proton antiporter. It could constitute a new actor in the cerebral permeability and may be a new brain access pathway. First, we worked on the functional identification studying new substrates and new localization. Psychotropic brain transport was studied in vivo by brain in situ perfusion on mouse and in vitro with human immortalized endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3). We showed that cocaine brain entry depends on passive diffusion but also mainly on a proton antiporter. Brain entry rate of drugs of abuse is associated with modulation of addiction liability, making this transporter a new component of brain entry of cocaine, and also nicotine and some amphetamines such as ecstasy and MDPV. This proton antiporter appears to be a new potential target in addiction. Various chemical entities interact with this transporter; however concentrations used to inhibit the transporter are much higher than the one possibly found in the blood. In order to help find or design new selective and potent inhibitors, we developed a pharmacophore model of the proton antiporter inhibitors using in vitro data and the FLAPpharm approach. The model predicts well new possible inhibitors of this transporter. We also studied the impact of the ABC transporters and the proton antiporter at the BBB and the BRB using specific or multi-specific substrates such as verapamil. The proton antiporter is functionally expressed at the BRB and transports clonidine, DPH and verapamil. However, for the multi-specific (P-gp and SLC) compound verapamil, influx transport by the proton antiporter is visible at the BBB only when P-gp efflux is neutralized. On the contrary, at the BRB, the proton antiporter influx is always visible. This is certainly due to the lower impact (by 6.3 fold) of P-gp at the BRB compared to the BBB. These results show the difficulty to predict the functional impact of a transporter for multi-specific compounds and a probable transport prioritization. Finally we worked on the molecular identification of the proton antiporter using a photolabeling method. This work evidenced the importance of the proton antiporter in the brain distribution of psychotropic and drugs of abuse and opened toward new perspectives in addiction and transport comprehension

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Books on the topic "Psychotropic substance"

1

Richard, Seymour. Guide to psychoactive drugs: An up-to-the-minute reference to mind-altering substances. New York: Harrington Park Press, 1987.

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Richard, Seymour. The physician's guide to psychoactive drugs. New York: Haworth Press, 1987.

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Shah, Giriraj. Encyclopaedia of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances. New Delhi: Gyan Publishing House, 1998.

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Chemical dependence: Diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1990.

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Neṭaʻ, Peleg-Oren, and Braṿerman Nurit, eds. ha-Adam ṿeha-sam: Ḥomrim psikhoʼaḳṭiviyim, hitnasut, shimush ṿe-hitmakrut. Yerushalayim: Miśrad ha-ḥinukh, ha-tarbut ṿeha-sporṭ, Merkaz ha-hasbarah, 1999.

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Teichman, Meir. ha-Ṭipul be-hitmakruyot le-ḥomarim psikhoʻaḳṭiviyim: Seḳirat sifrut miḳtsoʻit. Yerushalayim: Mekhon Henriyeṭah Sold, ha-Makhon ha-artsi le-meḥḳar be-madaʻe ha-hitnahagut, 1998.

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Teichman, Meir. ha- Adam ṿeha-sam: Ḥomarim psikhoʻaḳṭiviyim, hitnasut, shimush ṿe-hitmakrut. Yerushalayim: Merkaz ha-Hasbarah, ha-Rashut le-milḥanah be-samim, 1999.

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8

Knox, Jean McBee. Drugs through the ages. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1986.

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Drugs through the ages. New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987.

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Dąbrowski, Grzegorz. Rytuały przejścia a użycie substancji psychoaktywnych. Wrocław: Wydawn. Katedry Etnologii i Antropologii Kulturowej Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Psychotropic substance"

1

Zanini, Adriana Mokwa, Felipe Ornell, and Clarissa Marceli Trentini. "Neuropsychological Assessment in Users of Psychotropic Substances." In Psychology of Substance Abuse, 73–87. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-62106-3_5.

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Brüne, Martin. "Substance-related and addictive disorders." In Textbook of Evolutionary Psychiatry and Psychosomatic Medicine, 253–64. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780198717942.003.0017.

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Substance-related and addictive disorders concern the misuse or dependence of psychotropic substances. Substance misuse or dependency is often accompanied by hazardous behaviour and legal problems. Substance dependence is characterized by the development of tolerance following recurrent exposure to the substance and increment of the consumed quantities. Behaviourally, individuals with substance-related disorders show significant craving and an inability to resist efforts to reduce the dose or terminate the intake of the substance. While psychotropic substances that can cause misuse or dependence are widespread in nature, the availability of large quantities has emerged only recently, suggesting an evolutionary ‘mismatch’. Most psychotropic substances causing misuse or dependence usurp the brain’s reward system (mainly dopaminergic substances) or the attachment system (mainly opioidergic substances). Research of gene–environment interaction has shown that social status and separation from caregivers or abusive behaviour of caregivers promotes the development of misuse or dependence.

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"Defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) for psychotropic substances listed in Schedules II, III and IV, by substance group and schedule." In Psychotropic Substances, 25–29. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/256bcebe-en-fr-es.

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"Defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) for psychotropic substances listed in Schedules II, III and IV, by substance group and schedule." In Psychotropic Substances, 25–29. UN, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9234c3ad-en-fr-es.

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"Defined daily doses for statistical purposes (S-DDD) for psychotropic substances listed in Schedules II, III and IV, by substance group and schedule." In Psychotropic Substances, 25–29. United Nations, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/9789210056458c004.

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Semple, David, and Roger Smyth. "Substance misuse." In Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry, 565–644. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198795551.003.0014.

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This chapter defines substance abuse. Splitting up alcohol and other drugs, although recognizing that alcohol is a drug in its own right, it covers dependence, screening, assessment, planning treatment, management of withdrawal, and plans for maintaining abstinence. Also covering tobacco, illegal drugs, and novel psychotropic substances, substitute prescribing, and legal issues, this chapter has a table of street slang associated with drug misuse to aid the reader.

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MacEachron, Ann E. "Psychotropic and General Drug Use by Mentally Retarded Persons: A Test of the Status Model of Drug Use." In Adolescent Substance Abuse, 89–102. Routledge, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315791319-7.

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Cozza, Kelly L., and Harold W. Goforth. "Psychopharmacologic Treatment Issues in AIDS Psychiatry." In Handbook of AIDS Psychiatry. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195372571.003.0011.

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Persons with HIV and AIDS are often prescribed a plethora of medications, all of which require special attention and are based on well-defined principles. In the first part of this chapter, Drug Interaction Principles, we provide a short but essential review of these principles in order to prepare the reader to critically weigh the potential for drug interactions between psychotropics and antiretroviral therapy (ART) and those between ART and other medications. In the second part, Psychotropics and HIV, a brief review of the available literature on the effectiveness of psychotropics in treating patients with HIV is provided, followed by an overview of issues relating to drug interactions for each psychotropic or class of psychotropic. The third part of the chapter, Antiretrovirals, provides an introductory overview of currently available antiretrovirals and of medications prescribed in treating HIV/AIDS. Readers are referred to an excellent review of pharmacological treatment for persons with addictions and HIV/AIDS, by Wynn and colleagues (2005), and to Chapters 2, 6, 8, and 10 of this handbook for more information on treating substance abuse and dependence. Understanding drug–drug interactions in the care of HIV patients is essential. For a full explanation of psychotropic pharmacology and drug interactions, the reader is referred to additional texts on the subject (Cohen and Gorman, 2008; Schatzberg and Nemeroff, 2009; Wynn et al., 2009). Pharmacodynamic interactions are those that occur at the intended receptor site of a medication and involve absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. ART drugs may be affected by timing with food or buffers, which is relatively predictable. Metabolic interactions are a bit more complex, as they are affected by metabolic inhibition, induction, and pharmacogenetics (the particular metabolic enzymes that a patient is born with). Metabolic interactions may occur in either phase I or II metabolic enzymes and also may include the cell membrane transporter enzymes (also known as p-glycoproteins). For a complete explanation of pharmacokinetic interactions, the reader is referred to the text by Wynn et al. (2009).

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"List of manufacturers of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substance." In Manufacture of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors 2016, 1–60. UN, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/0b04610d-en-fr-es.

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"Receipt of statistics for 2018." In Psychotropic Substances, 13–23. UN, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/59141b35-en-fr-es.

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Conference papers on the topic "Psychotropic substance"

1

"PUBLIC DANGER OF CRIMES RELATED TO ILLICIT TRAFFICKING OF NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-2-437/439.

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"THE ROLE OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN THE FIGHT AGAINST THE SPHERE OF NARCOTIC AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-2-775/777.

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Lisikhina, N. V. "SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANAMNESIS OF POISONING BY NARCOTIC DRUGS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES WITH DEATH SOURCE." In Актуальные проблемы борьбы с преступностью: вопросы теории и практики. Сибирский юридический институт МВД России, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51980/2017_1_68.

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Nogueira, David Juglierme Alves, André Luiz Monezi Andrade, Bruno de Oliveira Pinheiro, Erlaine Pinto da Silva Barroso, and Denise De Micheli. "Drugs Versus Education: a Narrative Revision of A Guarulhos-SP Neighborhood Before The Psycho-Active / Psychotropic Substances." In IV International Symposium Adolescence(s) and II Education Forum. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.22388/2525-5894.2018.0065.

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Ziberova, Olga Sergeevna. "The structure of a criminal group in the field of contactless sale of narcotic and psychotropic substances." In VI International Scientific and Practical Conference. TSNS Interaktiv Plus, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21661/r-462515.

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Schlossarek, S., S. Tomczyk, and S. Schmidt. "Die Bedeutung von Konsummotiven, Ergebniserwartungen und subjektiven psychologischen Effekten für den Konsum psychotroper Substanzen – eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit." In Deutscher Suchtkongress 2019. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1696117.

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Tsukanov, N. N. "ARTICLE 44 OF THE FEDERAL LAW OF JANUARY 8, 1998 No. 3-FZ "ON NARCOTIC MEANS AND PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCES" AND ARTICLE 27.12.1 COAG OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ON THE QUESTION OF THE RELATION OF BASES DIRECTIONS FOR MEDICAL SURVEY FOR CONDITION DRUG ADDICTION." In Актуальные проблемы борьбы с преступностью: вопросы теории и практики. Сибирский юридический институт МВД России, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.51980/2017_1_81.

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