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Journal articles on the topic 'PTCDA'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Gärtner, Stefan, Benjamin Fiedler, Oliver Bauer, Antonela Marele, and Moritz M. Sokolowski. "Lateral ordering of PTCDA on the clean and the oxygen pre-covered Cu(100) surface investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy and low energy electron diffraction." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 10 (September 1, 2014): 2055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.10.213.

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We have investigated the adsorption of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) on the clean and on the oxygen pre-covered Cu(100) surface [referred to as (√2 × 2√2)R45° – 2O/Cu(100)] by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and low energy electron diffraction (LEED). Our results confirm the (4√2 × 5√2)R45° superstructure of PTCDA/Cu(100) reported by A. Schmidt et al. [J. Phys. Chem. 1995, 99,11770–11779]. However, contrary to Schmidt et al., we have no indication for a dissociation of the PTCDA upon adsorption, and we propose a detailed structure model with two intact PTCDA molecules within the unit cell. Domains of high lateral order are obtained, if the deposition is performed at 400 K. For deposition at room temperature, a significant density of nucleation defects is found pointing to a strong interaction of PTCDA with Cu(100). Quite differently, after preadsorption of oxygen and formation of the (√2 × 2√2)R45° – 2O/Cu(100) superstructure on Cu(100), PTCDA forms an incommensurate monolayer with a structure that corresponds well to that of PTCDA bulk lattice planes.

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2

Arramel, Tsuyoshi Hasegawa, Tohru Tsuruoka, and Masakazu Aono. "Topographic and Electronic Properties of 3,4,9,10-Perylene Tetra Carboxylic Dianhydride (PTCDA) on Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) Surface." Advanced Materials Research 1112 (July 2015): 110–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1112.110.

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We present the surface characterization and the local electronic properties of archetypical p-type perylene-based semiconductor organic molecule of Perylene Tetra Carboxylic Dianhydride (PTCDA) thermally evaporated on a transparent conducting metal oxide surface. A modified indium tin oxide (ITO) surface was successfully obtained by employing a subsequent chemical and physical treatment. Physisorbed PTCDA molecules exhibited a stacked-grain structure covering completely ITO surface. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) spectra of physisorbed PTCDA molecules were performed. In contrast to the previous studies of the homolog n-type perylene derivative thin films, here we successfully extracted both of the outmost frontier energy levels by measuring the current-voltage characteristics of PTCDA molecules in an estimated tunneling resistance from 4.17 to 100 GΩ at room temperature. Using numerical derivative of the I-V spectra, we extracted the series of transport gap of PTCDA molecule are lies in the region of 4.70-4.87 eV.

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3

Habib, Mohammad Rezwan, Hongfei Li, Yuhan Kong, Tao Liang, Sk Md Obaidulla, Shuang Xie, Shengping Wang, Xiangyang Ma, Huanxing Su, and Mingsheng Xu. "Tunable photoluminescence in a van der Waals heterojunction built from a MoS2 monolayer and a PTCDA organic semiconductor." Nanoscale 10, no. 34 (2018): 16107–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr03334j.

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4

Brülke, Christine, Oliver Bauer, and Moritz M. Sokolowski. "The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (November 3, 2020): 1663–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.149.

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We investigated the ability of a single layer of hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) to decouple the excited state of the organic molecule 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) from the supporting Cu(111) surface by Raman and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy. The Raman fingerprint-type spectrum of PTCDA served as a monitor for the presence of molecules on the surface. Several broad and weak FL lines between 18,150 and 18,450 cm−1 can be detected, already from the first monolayer onward. In contrast, FL from PTCDA on a bare Cu(111) surface is present only from the second PTCDA layer onward. Hence, a single layer of hBN decouples PTCDA from the metal substrate to an extent that a weak radiative FL decay of the optical excitation can occur. The different FL lines can be ascribed to different environments of the adsorption sites, namely molecules adsorbed at surface defects, in large ordered domains, and located in the second layer.

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5

Li, Yuqi, Qiu Zhang, Hong Ruan, Fengan Li, Xu Xu, Xiaohua Huang, and Shaorong Lu. "Improving the tribological and mechanical properties of polyimide composites by incorporating functionalized graphene." High Performance Polymers 32, no. 1 (May 7, 2019): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008319847260.

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To explore the effect of added graphene sheets (GNs) and added perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) on the tribological and mechanical performances of polyimide (PI) matrix, GNs and PTCDA reinforced PI-based composites were synthesized via the blending method. The tribological properties of GNs/PTCDA/PI (GAPI) composites with different weight ratios of GNs and PTCDA under dry sliding, deionized water lubrication, and kerosene lubrication were comparatively investigated. A synergism was found between GNs and PTCDA; this synergism endowed filled PI composites with a lower friction coefficient and showed an improved wear rate under different lubrication conditions, especially when the weight ratio of GNs and PTCDA was 1:1 (GAPI-1). Under dry sliding, deionized water lubrication, and kerosene lubrication, the friction coefficient of GAPI-1 composites decreased by 41.1%, 70%, and 35.7%, respectively, while the wear rate decreased by 39%, 50%, and 25.1%, respectively. Meanwhile, the tensile strength, tensile modulus, and the elongation at break of GAPI-1 films increased by 40.8%, 51.3%, and 49.2%, respectively, relative to those of pure PI. We anticipate that this work can be used to exploit a simple and effective method for preparing materials for bearings and transmission parts that possess good tribological properties under harsh lubrication conditions.

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6

Kendrick, C., and A. Kahn. "Growth of the Organic Molecular Semiconductor PTCDA on Se-Passivated GaAs(100): An STM Study." Surface Review and Letters 05, no. 01 (February 1998): 289–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x98000530.

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We investigate the monolayer and multilayer growth of the organic molecular semiconductor (OMS) 3, 4, 9, 10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) on the Se-passivated GaAs(100) (2 × 1) surface using STM. Deposition of ~2 ML PTCDA at room temperature results in the formation of clusters, implying good chemical passivation of the substrate. However, we also find a significant number of molecules pinned at high energy defect sites, some of which induce molecular ordering. At higher PTCDA coverage we find that the film invariably orients to the substrate revealing a critical, though weak, molecule-substrate interaction. We present the first molecularly resolved STM images obtained from a thick PTCDA film (~ 60 Å) and show unit cell dimensions and orientation in excellent greement with our previous LEED study.

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7

Xu, Mengqian, Jianjun Zhao, Jun Chen, Kang Chen, Qian Zhang, and Shengwen Zhong. "Graphene composite 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic sodium salts with a honeycomb structure as a high performance anode material for lithium ion batteries." Nanoscale Advances 3, no. 15 (2021): 4561–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1na00366f.

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PTCDA-Na-G composite material with honeycomb structure, large specific surface area, more exposed active sites and large conductivity is prepared, showing superior energy storage behaviors compared with PTCDA-Na and previously reported sodium carboxylic acid salts.

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8

Godlewski, Szymon, Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki, Thilo Glatzel, Ernst Meyer, and Marek Szymoński. "Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO2 induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (July 10, 2015): 1498–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.155.

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Transformations of molecular structures formed by perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on a rutile TiO2(110) surface are studied with low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy. We demonstrate that metastable molecular assemblies transform into differently ordered structures either due to additional energy provided by thermal annealing or when the influence of intermolecular forces is increased by the enlarged amount of deposited molecules. Proper adjustment of molecular coverage and substrate temperature during deposition allows for fabrication of desired assemblies. Differences between PTCDA/TiO2(110) and PTCDA/TiO2(011) systems obtained through identical experimental procedures are discussed.

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9

Guan, Li, Juan Wang, Ming La, Yi Ping Zhong, Ping Liu, and Wen Ji Deng. "Synthesis and Photovoltaic Properties of Oligothiophene Derivatives with Liquid Crystal Properties." Materials Science Forum 663-665 (November 2010): 832–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.663-665.832.

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For the purpose of developing novel photovoltaic materials and organic photovoltaic devices with good performance characteristics, 5-cyano-2,2′:5′,2″-terthiophene (3T-CN) and 5-cyano -2,2′:5′,2″:5″,2″′-tetrathiophene (4T-CN) were synthesized. The 3T-CN and 4T-CN was donor-acceeptor type oligothiophene derivatives with liquid crystal properties. The rigid and flexible photovoltaic devices were fabricated using 3T-CN, 4T-CN and 3,4,9,10-perylenetertracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA). Comparision of the rigid device based on 4T showed that both rigid device glass-ITO/4T-CN/PTCDA/Al and flexible device PET-ITO/4T-CN/PTCDA/Al had higher short circuit current density (Isc) and power conversion efficiency (PCE) than that of glass-ITO/4T /PTCDA/Al. The -CN group played an important role in increasing Isc and PCE. It is due to that the mesogenic properties of 4T-CN, which enhances the efficiency by promoting forward interfacial electron transfer.

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10

Ramonova, Aljona, Tengiz Butkhuzi, Viktorija Abaeva, I. V. Tvauri, Soslan Khubezhov, Natalia Tsidaeva, Anatolij Turiev, and Tamerlan T. Magkoev. "Low-Fluence Laser Induced Fragmentation and Desorption of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride (PTCDA) Thin Film." Key Engineering Materials 543 (March 2013): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.543.30.

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Laser-induced fragmentation and desorption of fragments of PTCDA films vacuum-deposited on GaAs (100) substrate has been studied by time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectroscopy. The main effect caused by pulsed laser light irradiation (pulse duration: 10 ns, photon energy: 2.34 eV and laser fluence ranging from 0.5 to 7 mJ/cm2) is PTCDA molecular fragmentation and desorption of the fragments formed, whereas no desorption of intact PTCDA molecule was detected. Fragments formed are perylene core C20H8, its half C10H4, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and atomic oxygen. All desorbing fragments have essentially different kinetic energy. The mechanism of photoinduced molecular fragmentation and desorption is discussed.

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11

Hoskeri, Priya A., Gayathri A. G., Ayachit N. H., and Joseph C. M. "Iodine Doping Studies on Nonannealed Perylene 3,4,9,10-Tetra Carboxylic Dianhydride/Cobalt Phthalocyanine Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells." International Journal of Green Nanotechnology 1 (January 1, 2013): 194308921350702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1943089213507021.

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Perylene 3,4,9,10-tetra carboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) thin films find a lot of optoelectronic applications. In this work, thin films of PTCDA were deposited using vacuum evaporation technique onto clean glass substrates and the variation in conductivity, optical bandgap and percentage transmission due to iodine doping for different time intervals are discussed. To study the doping effects on devices, organic solar cells based on cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc)/PTCDA as active layers on indium tin oxide–coated glass substrates were fabricated and characterized to evaluate the solar cell parameters. It was found that doping with iodine considerably increases the power conversion efficiency of the solar cells.

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12

Hochheim, Manuel, and Thomas Bredow. "Adsorption-induced changes of intramolecular optical transitions: PTCDA/NaCl and PTCDA/KCl." Journal of Computational Chemistry 36, no. 24 (July 7, 2015): 1805–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcc.23990.

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13

GUO, PANPAN, YUYAN HAN, WENHUA ZHANG, LINGYUN LIU, KAI WANG, and FAQIANG XU. "MODULATION OF PTCDA NANOSTRUCTURE AND OPTICAL PROPERTY: DEPENDENCE ON GROWTH TEMPERATURE." Nano 09, no. 06 (August 2014): 1450068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793292014500684.

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3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) nanostructures with different morphologies are prepared on glass substrates at different substrate temperature (Ts) in a molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. Scanning/transmission/scanning transmission electron microscopy (SEM/TEM/STEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and nanobeam diffraction (NBD) techniques are employed in the systematical characterizations of the nanostructures. It is found that the PTCDA nanosheets (NSs), nanowires and nanorods are facile to produce at Ts = 350° C , 330°C and 240°C, respectively; the continuous films are obtained at 180°C and 50°C. XRD studies indicate that only the α-phase polymorph is formed regardless of the Ts. SAED and NBD results show that the nanowire and NS are single crystalline. The optical properties of the prepared PTCDA nanostructures are also found to be influenced by Ts and are correlated with the crystal quality and size. PTCDA nanowires and NSs exhibit an obvious redshift and broadening in the adsorption spectra, and enhanced emission intensity. The improved optical properties facilitate potential applications of these nanostructures in organic optoelectronic devices.

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14

Ferguson, A. J., and T. S. Jones. "Photophysics of PTCDA and Me-PTCDI Thin Films: Effects of Growth Temperature." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 110, no. 13 (April 2006): 6891–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp056899u.

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15

Langewisch, Gernot, Jens Falter, André Schirmeisen, and Harald Fuchs. "Influence of the adsorption geometry of PTCDA on Ag(111) on the tip–molecule forces in non-contact atomic force microscopy." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (January 27, 2014): 98–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.9.

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Perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) adsorbed on a metal surface is a prototypical organic–anorganic interface. In the past, scanning tunneling microscopy and scanning tunneling spectroscopy studies of PTCDA adsorbed on Ag(111) have revealed differences in the electronic structure of the molecules depending on their adsorption geometry. In the work presented here, high-resolution 3D force spectroscopy measurements at cryogenic temperatures were performed on a surface area that contained a complete PTCDA unit cell with the two possible geometries. At small tip-molecule separations, deviations in the tip-sample forces were found between the two molecule orientations. These deviations can be explained by a different electron density in both cases. This result demonstrates the capability of 3D force spectroscopy to detect even small effects in the electronic properties of organic adsorbates.

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16

Zavilopulo, A., and O. Shpenik. "Electron-Impact Mass Spectrometry of PTCDA Molecules in the Gas Phase." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 64, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe64.1.3.

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The complete and dissociative ionizations of a 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (C24H8O6, PTCDA) molecule in the gas phase have been studied, by using electron-impact mass spectrometry in an energy interval of 5–90 eV. The molecule is found to decay into the following fragment ions: the perylene core C20H8+ and its half C10H4+, as well as CO+, CO2+ , and O+ ions. The energy dependences of the cross-sections of the complete ionization of a PTCDA molecule and its fragment ions are analyzed. The energy of the complete ionization of a PTCDA molecule and the energies, at which its fragments appear, are determined. The temperature dependences of the formation of the most intensive fragment ions are measured, by using 80-eV electrons in a temperature interval of 320–500 K.

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17

Rahe, Philipp. "PTCDA adsorption on CaF2 thin films." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 11 (October 26, 2020): 1615–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.11.144.

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Thin insulating films are commonly employed for the electronic decoupling of molecules as they enable a preservation of the intrinsic molecular electronic functionality. Here, the molecular properties of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) adsorbed on insulating CaF2 thin films that were grown on Si(111) surfaces are studied. Scanning tunnelling microscopy is used to compare the properties of PTCDA molecules adsorbed on a partly CaF1-covered Si(111) surface with deposition on thicker CaF2/CaF1/Si(111) films. The identification of mostly single molecules on the CaF1/Si(111) interface layer is explained by the presence of atomic-size defects within this layer. Geometry-optimisation calculations using density functional theory reveal a geometry on CaF2(111) of nearly flat-lying PTCDA molecules with two oxygen atoms displaced towards calcium surface ions. This geometry is in agreement with the experimental observations.

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18

Lalov, I. J., and I. Zhelyazkov. "Excitonic and vibronic structure of absorption spectra of Me-PTCDI and PTCDA crystals." Chemical Physics 321, no. 1-2 (January 2006): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chemphys.2005.08.024.

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19

Rahman, Zurianti A., Khaulah Sulaiman, Mohamad Rusop, and Ahmad Shuhaimi. "A Study on the Seebeck Effect of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride (PTCDA) as a Novel N-Type Material in a Thermoelectric Device." Advanced Materials Research 667 (March 2013): 165–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.667.165.

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The studies on the thermoelectric (TE) properties of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) and a conducting polymer Poly(ethylenedioxythiopene): poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)–PH1000 are presented. PTCDA and PEDOT:PSS have been used as a potential n-type material and a p-type material for the TE device, respectively. The Seebeck coefficients, open circuit voltage and the output power have been obtained for the fabricated TE device. The Seebeck effect was observed on this TE device where the output power in the range of 1 nW/cm2 to 5 nW/cm2,was successfully deduced from this TE device. It was found that the association of PEDOT:PSS and PTCDA have been acting well in this TE device. However, a higher TE performance, in the future could be developed, by applying a thermal treatment and introducing a suitable dopant to this n-type material which may increase the mobility of the electrons and the Seebeck coefficient.

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20

Bellinger, Daniel, Jens Pflaum, Christoph Brüning, Volker Engel, and Bernd Engels. "The electronic character of PTCDA thin films in comparison to other perylene-based organic semi-conductors: ab initio-, TD-DFT and semi-empirical computations of the opto-electronic properties of large aggregates." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 3 (2017): 2434–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp07673d.

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21

Swarbrick, J. C., J. Ma, J. A. Theobald, N. S. Oxtoby, J. N. O'Shea, N. R. Champness, and P. H. Beton. "Square, Hexagonal, and Row Phases of PTCDA and PTCDI on Ag−Si(111) ×R30°." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 24 (June 2005): 12167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp0508305.

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22

Paez, B. A., G. Salvan, S. Silaghi, R. Scholz, T. U. Kampen, and D. R. T. Zahn. "Raman monitoring of In and Ag growth on PTCDA and DiMe-PTCDI thin films." Applied Surface Science 234, no. 1-4 (July 2004): 168–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2004.05.060.

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23

Vragović, Igor, R. Scholz, and J. P. Šetrajčić. "Optical Properties of PTCDA Bulk Crystals and Ultrathin Films." Materials Science Forum 518 (July 2006): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.518.41.

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Thin films and interfaces of crystalline organic dyes with semiconducting properties attracted a lot of attention in the last decade due to their numerous applications in electronics and optoelectronics. One of the most studied molecules is 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA); an archetypal organic material that can grow into multilayer films. Despite the great interest and intensive investigations, its optical properties are still not completely understood. The interpretations range from the Wannier-Mott exciton model to models of excitons of small radii. In the present work, we apply the Frenkel exciton model in order to describe the optical behavior of the solid phase of PTCDA, influenced by the transfer of excitations between different molecules. We are able to model the anisotropy of dielectric tensor, lineshape of the complex index of refraction, exciton dispersion and the large Stokes shift between absorption and photoluminescence, results of electron-energy loss spectroscopy, and photoluminescence transition energies and decay times. In addition, we made an extension of the model towards ultrathin PTCDA films.

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24

Wang, Hong, Haiping Lin, Xing Fan, Stefan Ostendorp, Yandong Wang, Lizhen Huang, Lin Jiang, et al. "Positioning growth of NPB crystalline nanowires on the PTCDA nanocrystal template." Nanoscale 10, no. 21 (2018): 10262–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8nr02085j.

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25

Chen, Jie, Jiajia Zhang, Ye Zou, Wei Xu, and Daoben Zhu. "PPN (poly-peri-naphthalene) film as a narrow-bandgap organic thermoelectric material." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 5, no. 20 (2017): 9891–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7ta02431b.

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26

Lee, Sungkoo, Suk In Hong, Hong-Ku Shim, and Changjin Lee. "PTCDA/PPET Heterostructure Light Emitting Diode." Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Science and Technology. Section A. Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals 316, no. 1 (May 1998): 289–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10587259808044511.

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27

Kocán, P., Y. Yoshimoto, K. Yagyu, H. Tochihara, and T. Suzuki. "Adsorption of PTCDA on Ge(001)." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 121, no. 6 (February 7, 2017): 3320–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.6b09793.

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28

Stanculescu, Anca, Florin Stanculescu, Laura Tugulea, and Marcela Socol. "Optical Properties of 3,4,9,10-Perylenetetracarboxylic Dianhydride and 8-Hydroxyquinoline Aluminum Salt Films Prepared by Vacuum Deposition." Materials Science Forum 514-516 (May 2006): 956–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.514-516.956.

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The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the optical properties of PTCDA and Alq3 films, prepared by two steps, vacuum evaporation and deposition processes on platelets of glass, quartz, and indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass. We have emphasised the bands structure of the absorption spectra with peaks situated at 358 nm, 374 nm, 475 nm and 552 nm in PTCDA, respectively 232 nm, 261 nm and 380 nm in Alq3 that confirms the dominant presence of Alq3 meridianal molecular isomer. For PTCDA films deposited on glass coated with ITO, the structure of the weak double peak at low wavelength is partially modified, but the positions of the two important absorption peaks situated at 2.25 eV and 2.61 eV are unchanged. The two different luminescence emission peaks obtained in Alq3 for different excitation wavelengths (λ=360 nm and λ=520 nm) suggest the existence of the facial isomer beside the meridianal one. We have evidenced a significant Stocks shift in the spectra (EPTCDA=0.40 eV; EAlq3=0.9 eV) and a large Frank- Condon shift (0.40-2.3 eV), suggesting important effect associated respectively with the solid state structure and important conformational differences between the ground and excited state.

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29

Комолов, А. С., Э. Ф. Лазнева, Е. В. Жижин, Э. К. Алиджанов, Ю. Д. Лантух, С. Н. Летута, and Д. А. Раздобреев. "Фотофизические свойства тонких пленок перилена, модифицированного функциональными группами диангидрида и диимида тетракарбоновой кислоты." Физика твердого тела 63, no. 9 (2021): 1437. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/ftt.2021.09.51281.091.

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The morphology of organic semiconductor films of perylenetetracarboxylic acid dianhydride (PTCDA) and perylenetetracarboxylic acid dibenzyl-diimide (N, N`-DBPTCDI) formed by thermal vacuum deposition was studied by atomic force microscopy. It was shown that annealing of films at 420 K leads to rearrangement of their structure and crystallization. The optical absorption spectra of the films under study were used to estimate the optical band gap. The temperature dependence of the dark conductivity of PTCDA and N, N-DBPTCDI films before and after annealing (Т = 420 K) was established. The values of the activation energy of charge carrier traps are determined. The computer simulation of the density of localized states in the band gap of the films studied was carried out using the photoconductivity spectra in the constant photocurrent mode. Model photovoltaic cells based on PTCDA / СuPc and N, N-DBPTCDI / СuPc structures were formed. The kinetics of decay of the interfacial photo-voltage of the cells prepared was measured using pulsed light as an excitation source. On the basis of the performed measurements, the charge carrier mobility values in the investigated semiconductor materials were estimated.

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30

Xu, Xu, Yuqi Li, Zhongqiang Xiong, Jin Yang, Lulu Pan, Yunyun Wu, Chun Wei, and Shaorong Lu. "Preparation and model of high-performance shape-memory polyurethane with hydroxylated perylene bisimide." RSC Advances 6, no. 111 (2016): 110329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra24393b.

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31

Kocán, Pavel, Barbara Pieczyrak, Leszek Jurczyszyn, Yoshihide Yoshimoto, Kazuma Yagyu, Hiroshi Tochihara, and Takayuki Suzuki. "Self-ordering of chemisorbed PTCDA molecules on Ge(001) driven by repulsive forces." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 21, no. 18 (2019): 9504–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cp01335k.

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32

Paulheim, A., C. Marquardt, M. Sokolowski, M. Hochheim, T. Bredow, H. Aldahhak, E. Rauls, and W. G. Schmidt. "Surface induced vibrational modes in the fluorescence spectra of PTCDA adsorbed on the KCl(100) and NaCl(100) surfaces." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 48 (2016): 32891–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp05661j.

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33

Shpenik, O. B., O. V. Pylypchynets, and A. M. Zavilopulo. "Fragmentation of a PTCDA molecule by electron impact." Reports of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, no. 2 (March 2, 2018): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/dopovidi2018.02.043.

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34

Zhang, Wei, Yue Song, Yunyun Wang, Shuijian He, Lei Shang, Rongna Ma, Liping Jia, and Huaisheng Wang. "A perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride and aniline-assembled supramolecular nanomaterial with multi-color electrochemiluminescence for a highly sensitive label-free immunoassay." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 16 (2020): 3676–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9tb02368b.

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35

Marchetto, Helder, Thomas Schmidt, Ullrich Groh, Florian C. Maier, Pierre L. Lévesque, Rainer H. Fink, Hans-Joachim Freund, and Eberhard Umbach. "Direct observation of epitaxial organic film growth: temperature-dependent growth mechanisms and metastability." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 17, no. 43 (2015): 29150–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp05124j.

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36

Schlaf, R., B. A. Parkinson, P. A. Lee, K. W. Nebesny, and N. R. Armstrong. "HOMO/LUMO Alignment at PTCDA/ZnPc and PTCDA/ClInPc Heterointerfaces Determined by Combined UPS and XPS Measurements." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 103, no. 15 (April 1999): 2984–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp982834y.

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37

Han, Yuyan, Wei Ning, Haifeng Du, Jiyong Yang, Ning Wang, Liang Cao, Feng Li, Fapei Zhang, Faqiang Xu, and Mingliang Tian. "Preparation, optical and electrical properties of PTCDA nanostructures." Nanoscale 7, no. 40 (2015): 17116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5nr04738b.

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The induced nucleation effect arouses the formations of nanorods, nanowires and nanoparticles. The high crystallinity of the nanowires and the strong π–π conjugation between PTCDA molecules induce the conductivity improvement.

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38

Jia, Xianbin, Shiyun Lou, Honglei Yuan, Ruijian Yuan, Shasha Tian, Chunyu Niu, Xinjuan Li, and Shaomin Zhou. "Formation of double helical microfibrils from small molecules." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 1 (2015): 79–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc01083c.

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Using a facile vapor–solid route, double helical, organic, small molecular microfibril, i.e. 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) was synthesized, which was based on the spontaneous twisting of supramolecular microtubes.

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39

Lange, Manfred, Dennis van Vörden, and Rolf Möller. "A measurement of the hysteresis loop in force-spectroscopy curves using a tuning-fork atomic force microscope." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 3 (March 8, 2012): 207–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.3.23.

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Measurements of the frequency shift versus distance in noncontact atomic force microscopy (NC-AFM) allow measurements of the force gradient between the oscillating tip and a surface (force-spectroscopy measurements). When nonconservative forces act between the tip apex and the surface the oscillation amplitude is damped. The dissipation is caused by bistabilities in the potential energy surface of the tip–sample system, and the process can be understood as a hysteresis of forces between approach and retraction of the tip. In this paper, we present the direct measurement of the whole hysteresis loop in force-spectroscopy curves at 77 K on the PTCDA/Ag/Si(111) √3 × √3 surface by means of a tuning-fork-based NC-AFM with an oscillation amplitude smaller than the distance range of the hysteresis loop. The hysteresis effect is caused by the making and breaking of a bond between PTCDA molecules on the surface and a PTCDA molecule at the tip. The corresponding energy loss was determined to be 0.57 eV by evaluation of the force–distance curves upon approach and retraction. Furthermore, a second dissipation process was identified through the damping of the oscillation while the molecule on the tip is in contact with the surface. This dissipation process occurs mainly during the retraction of the tip. It reaches a maximum value of about 0.22 eV/cycle.

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40

Eguchi, Keitaro, Chihiro Nanjo, Kunio Awaga, Hsiang-Han Tseng, Peter Robaschik, and Sandrine Heutz. "Highly-oriented molecular arrangements and enhanced magnetic interactions in thin films of CoTTDPz using PTCDA templates." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 26 (2016): 17360–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp01932c.

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We found the templating effect of thin layers of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) on the growth of cobalt tetrakis(thiadiazole)porphyrazine (CoTTDPz) thin films, which induced a significantly-enhanced antiferromagnetic interaction.

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41

Jia, Qian, Zhi-Xin Hu, Wei Ji, Sarah A. Burke, Hong-Jun Gao, Peter Grütter, and Hong Guo. "Adsorption of PTCDA and C60 on KBr(001): electrostatic interaction versus electronic hybridization." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 18, no. 16 (2016): 11008–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5cp07999c.

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A plot of differential charge density shows opposite electron density variation in two slabs near PTCDA and KBr(001), revealing electrostatic attraction as the primary interaction between aromatic molecules and insulator substrates.

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42

Soubiron, T., F. Vaurette, J. P. Nys, B. Grandidier, X. Wallart, and D. Stiévenard. "Molecular interactions of PTCDA on Si(100)." Surface Science 581, no. 2-3 (May 2005): 178–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.susc.2005.02.050.

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Hudej, Robert, and Gvido Bratina. "Evidence of bipolar charge transport in PTCDA." Solid State Communications 123, no. 3-4 (July 2002): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-1098(02)00204-1.

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44

Wagner, Th, H. Karacuban, A. Bannani, C. Bobisch, and R. Möller. "Thermal desorption of PTCDA on Cu(111)." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 100, no. 5 (March 1, 2008): 052068. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/100/5/052068.

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Heutz, S., A. F. Nogueira, J. R. Durrant, and T. S. Jones. "Charge Recombination in CuPc/PTCDA Thin Films." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 109, no. 23 (June 2005): 11693–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp050298l.

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46

Wüsten, J., Th Ertl, S. Lach, and Ch Ziegler. "Post deposition purification of PTCDA thin films." Applied Surface Science 252, no. 1 (September 2005): 104–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2005.01.105.

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47

Djurišić, A. B., C. Y. Kwong, W. L. Guo, Z. T. Liu, H. S. Kwok, and W. K. Chan. "Spectroscopic ellipsometry of 3,4,9,10-perylenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA)." Applied Physics A 77, no. 5 (October 2003): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-002-1595-1.

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48

Kröger, J., H. Jensen, T. Jürgens, T. von Hofe, J. Kuntze, and R. Berndt. "Adsorption geometry of PTCDA on 2H-NbSe2." Applied Physics A 81, no. 6 (November 2005): 1285–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00339-004-3039-6.

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49

Oltean, Mircea, George Mile, Mihai Vidrighin, Nicolae Leopold, and Vasile Chiş. "Weakly bound PTCDI and PTCDA dimers studied by using MP2 and DFT methods with dispersion correction." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15, no. 33 (2013): 13978. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3cp44644a.

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50

Roos, Michael, Benedikt Uhl, Daniela Künzel, Harry E. Hoster, Axel Groß, and R. Jürgen Behm. "Intermolecular vs molecule–substrate interactions: A combined STM and theoretical study of supramolecular phases on graphene/Ru(0001)." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 2 (July 12, 2011): 365–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.2.42.

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The competition between intermolecular interactions and long-range lateral variations in the substrate–adsorbate interaction was studied by scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) and force field based calculations, by comparing the phase formation of (sub-) monolayers of the organic molecules (i) 2-phenyl-4,6-bis(6-(pyridin-3-yl)-4-(pyridin-3-yl)pyridin-2-yl)pyrimidine (3,3'-BTP) and (ii) 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) on graphene/Ru(0001). For PTCDA adsorption, a 2D adlayer phase was formed, which extended over large areas, while for 3,3'-BTP adsorption linear or ring like structures were formed, which exclusively populated the areas between the maxima of the moiré structure of the buckled graphene layer. The consequences for the competing intermolecular interactions and corrugation in the adsorption potential are discussed and compared with the theoretical results.

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