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Journal articles on the topic 'Public action, countries of the European Union, 1970 -'

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Published: 7 July 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kovačikova, Hana. "Western Balkans Regional Common Market: What lesson can be taught from EEA?: A case study of public procurement." Strani pravni zivot, no. 4 (2020): 133–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/spz64-29635.

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The European Union pursues on the international scene to safeguards its values, support the rule of law, foster the sustainable economic, social and environmental development and support the integration of all countries into the world economy including through the progressive abolition of barriers on international trade. Trade agreements are used as an effective tool to this end. Within its present external action, European Union tries to cover its trade relations regionally homogenously. Through regionally homogenous trade agreements, Union can export its values, principles, and rules easier,

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Fernandez de la Hoz, K., D. Manissero, and on behalf of the Tuberculosis Disease Programme*. "A Framework Action Plan to fight Tuberculosis in the European Union." Eurosurveillance 13, no. 12 (2008): 5–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/ese.13.12.08074-en.

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Many European Union (EU) Member States show a decline in tuberculosis (TB) incidence and many have low incidence rates (15 countries reported less than 10 cases per 100,000 population in 2006). However, despite the progress in curbing the TB epidemic, the disease remains a public health threat in the EU. The epidemiological patterns are still very diverse between countries and control efforts are challenged by problems such as multidrug-resistant (MDR TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR TB), TB/HIV co-infection and the concentration of cases within vulnerable groups.

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GHETU, Raluca Andreea, Cristina-Simona CĂPĂȚÎNĂ, and Petre BREZEANU. "THE EVOLUTION OF FISCAL PRESSURE IN DEVELOPED E.U. COUNTRIES AND ITS DETERMINANTS." ANNALS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ORADEA. ECONOMIC SCIENCES 30, no. 2 (2021): 239–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(2)025.

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Since 1970, the intensity of implementing budgetary policies in the two categories of states, developed states, and emerging states, has been observed in Europe. These policies had the effect of increasing the levels of taxation, also called progressive taxation, at that time. To stop this phenomenon of progressive taxation, the Maastricht Treaty and then the Stability and Growth Pact have had the effect of forcing states to adopt different fiscal policies to reduce the feeling of fiscal pressure made necessary by budgetary deficiencies and public debt accumulated over time. In fact, since the

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van Loock, F., Mike Rowland, T. Grein, and A. Moren. "Intervention epidemiology training: a European perspective." Eurosurveillance 6, no. 3 (2001): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/esm.06.03.00218-en.

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Within the widening European Union, large-scale movements of people, animals and food-products increasingly contribute to the potential for spread of communicable diseases. The EU was given a mandate for public health action only in 1992, under the Treaty of European Union ("Maastricht Treaty"), which was broadened in the 1997 with the Treaty of Amsterdam. While all EU countries have statutory requirements for notifying communicable diseases, national and regional communicable disease surveillance practices vary considerably (1). The Network Committee (NC) for the Epidemiological Surveillance

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Bayar, Ali H. "Entry and Exit Dynamics of ‘Excessive Deficits’ in the European Union." Public Finance and Management 1, no. 1 (2001): 92–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/152397210100100106.

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The extent of government deficits and debt has been one of the most debated issues in recent years. However, very little has been contributed about their dynamics. Yet, the issue of entering into and exiting from excessive deficits will be critical in the European monetary union since the Stability and Growth Pact rules out deficits larger than three percent of GDP, except strictly defined unusual conditions. This paper provides a transition data analysis of the dynamics of public deficits. It shows the asymmetric role played by the economic determinants in this dynamics and estimates the evol

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Marušič, Andrej. "Mental health in the enlarged European Union: Need for relevant public mental health action." British Journal of Psychiatry 184, no. 5 (2004): 450–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.184.5.450.

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On 1 May 2004 ten new countries will join the European Union (EU), which as a result will comprise 25 culturally quite different countries. Each enlargement of the EU so far has been a difficult experience for both the existing member states and the new entrants, since each membership change has altered the structure and the sharing of costs and benefits of membership. Furthermore, each new member brings its own traditions, preferences, strengths and weaknesses, including the mental health of its population and its psychiatric services. Are we ready for the changes to come?

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Guillén, Ana M., and Laura Cabiedes. "Reforming Pharmaceutical Policies in the European Union: A “Penguin Effect”?" International Journal of Health Services 33, no. 1 (2003): 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/1jc6-frl4-qm2l-qn6e.

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Pharmaceutical policies form a substantial part of health care services, from the point of view of both equity and efficiency goals. Expenditure on pharmaceuticals has been growing steadily over the last few decades, and countries are finding the financing of drugs increasingly difficult. This article surveys the changes in pharmaceutical policies in the E.U. countries from the mid-1980s through the 1990s. It focuses primarily on policies dealing with cost control of publicly funded pharmaceuticals. In their analysis of these changes, the authors classify policies (or “packages of measures”),

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Ivanova, Lyudmila V. "WASTE MANAGEMENT IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 10 (2021): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.10.02.009.

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Numerous specialized and unauthorized landfills and huge volumes of waste are a serious problem for the use of minerals. The country's system of solid waste management, based on burial, incinera-tion, partial processing, does not fully comply with the climatic and socio-economic characteristics of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation. Russia is one of eight members of the Arctic Council, international organizations promoting development of cooperation in the field of environmental protection and sustainable develop-ment of circumpolar areas. In 2001, the Arctic Council approved an Action

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Mărășescu, Cristina. "The Emergence of an European Union Cultural Diplomacy." Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Negotia 65, no. 3 (2020): 77–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbnegotia.2020.3.03.

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"On 16 April 2020, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) released preliminary figures according to which the collective Official Development Assistance (ODA) from the European Union (EU) and its Member States to developing countries amounted to 75.2 billion in 2019, representing 55.2% of global assistance. The EU and its Member States therefore maintain their position as the largest international aid donor. In spite of the vast amount of resources spent annually by the EU, there is widespread perception that the EU punches below its weight. Notwithstanding the unden

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Duffy, David. "Tax Smoothing in the Presence of the Maastricht Constraint." Journal of Public Finance and Public Choice 25, no. 2 (2007): 129–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/251569207x15664516861374.

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Abstract A sample of European Union countries are examined for evidence of tax smoothing over the period 1970-2005. Two testing procedures are applied to a single sample of countries to assess the consistency of evidence across testing methods. This study includes the application of a new data set to the tax smoothing question which provides an estimate of the temporary component of public expenditure. This study also argues that the application of the constraints imposed on fiscal policy in the Maastricht Treaty will affect the conduct of a tax smoothing policy. The effects of the Maastricht

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Vasić, Milena, Biljana Kilibarda, Verica Jovanović, and Snežana Živković-Perišić. "Joint action "Innovative partnership for action against cancer"." Glasnik javnog zdravlja 95, no. 1 (2021): 21–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/gjz2101021v.

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Malignant diseases are the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality, on the global scale, but also in European Union and Serbia. Recognizing this problem, the European Commission has been continuously investing funds into projects aimed against cancer for the past decade. One such project is the Joint Action "Innovative Partnership for Action Against Cancer", which launched in April 2018 and will wrap up in December 2021. The project is implemented within the Third Health Programme of the European Union, which funded the project. "Innovative Partnership for Action Against Cancer" en

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Kocowska-Siekierka, Elżbieta. "Prawo do dobrej administracji — w kierunku upraszczania języka urzędowego w Polsce i w Czechach." Przegląd Prawa i Administracji 107 (April 4, 2017): 145–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/0137-1134.107.8.

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THE RIGHT TO GOOD ADMINISTRATION — SIMPLIFYING THE OFFICIAL LANGUAGE IN POLAND AND THE CZECH REPUBLICThe paper aims at investigating how European Union countries such as Poland and the Czech Republic deal with the problem of simplification of the official language. In former members of the Eastern European bloc bureaucratic language is one of the causes of the loss of confidence in public administration. Entry to the European Union increased the tendency for language reform in the creation of normative acts, and the way of communication between the civil servants and thecitizens. The paper pre

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Koczkodaj, Paweł, Urszula Sulkowska, Joanna Didkowska, Piotr Rutkowski, and Marta Mańczuk. "Melanoma Mortality Trends in 28 European Countries: A Retrospective Analysis for the Years 1960–2020." Cancers 15, no. 5 (2023): 1514. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers15051514.

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Background: In 2020, in 27 European Union (EU) Member States, melanoma accounted for 4% of all new cancer cases and 1.3% of all cancer deaths, making melanoma the fifth most common malignancy and placing it in the 15 most frequent causes of cancer deaths in the EU-27. The main aim of our study was to investigate melanoma mortality trends in 25 EU Member States and three non-EU countries (Norway, Russia, and Switzerland) in a broad time perspective (1960–2020) in a younger (45–74 years old) vs. older age group (75+). Methods: We identified melanoma deaths defined by ICD-10 codes C-43 for indivi

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Storozhuk, Nataliia. "ASSESSMENT OF ACADEMIC MOBILITY AS A BASIS FORACQUISITION OF MULTICULTURAL SKILLS." Scientific Journals of the International Academy of Applied Sciences in Lomza 85, no. 1 (2024): 176–84. https://doi.org/10.58246/mk6jgr41.

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The government of country encourages academic mobility, but it is the European Union that is implement the most ambitious academic mobility policy, in particular to achieve labor market integration. Learning also contributes to the acquisition of multicultural skills, that is why the European Union supports academic mobility, in particular through the Erasmus Program and the Bologna Process. The program Erasmus + supports the priorities and actions set out in the European Education Area, the Digital Education Action Plan and the European Skills DevelopmentProgram. Through the Bologna Process a

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Dudek, Carolyn M. "Transmitting Environmentalism? The Unintended Global Consequences of European Union Environmental Policies." Global Environmental Politics 13, no. 2 (2013): 109–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/glep_a_00169.

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Will European companies investing abroad be transmitters of EU environmental policies or environmental dumpers? This article utilizes a most-differentcases approach to analyze transnational corporation (TNC) behavior in countries with less stringent environmental standards. Drawing on rational institutionalism, the article examines two significant European business investments in Mercosur countries: paper pulp mills in Uruguay and fishing off the coast of Argentina. These cases demonstrate that EU environmental standards will be diffused beyond Europe's borders if significant fixed assets are

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Stickley, A., M. Leinsalu, E. Andreev, Y. Razvodovsky, D. Vagero, and M. McKee. "Alcohol poisoning in Russia and the countries in the European part of the former Soviet Union, 1970 2002." European Journal of Public Health 17, no. 5 (2007): 444–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckl275.

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Bregu, Meljana. "The Impact of the EU Engagement in Serbia and Albania During the First Wave of COVID-19." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 20, no. 14 (2024): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2024.v20n14p91.

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Solidarity is a fundamental value of the European Union, alongside cooperation and competition. The COVID-19 pandemic tested the value of European solidarity; amid this unprecedented crisis, the EU initially failed to determine the most appropriate course of action. This provoked a strong reaction within the European Union and affected the EU's position in the Western Balkans as a soft power. This paper examined the consequences for Serbia and Albania of the lack of solidarity that characterized the initial surge of the pandemic and the consequences on the integration process. The two countrie

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Angelovska, Julijana, and Anita Čeh Časni. "The influence of recurrent property income and expenditure on house prices in European Union countries: Evidence from a panel model." Croatian Review of Economic, Business and Social Statistics 8, no. 1 (2022): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/crebss-2022-0003.

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Abstract Land value capture can be defined as a policy approach that allows communities to restore and reinvest land value increases that result from public investment and other government actions. For that reason, public action should generate public benefit. The recurrent property tax, one of many tools for land value capture, is the foundation of a stable, enduring revenue source that supports the provision of essential housing and amenities services. This empirical paper aims to examine the influence of recurrent property tax income, and general government spending on housing and community

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Gaona Prieto, Rodrigo, Andrés De Castro, and José-Ignacio Antón. "Evaluation of a training program of African gendarmes' in Spain under the European Union GAR-SI Sahel project." Policing: An International Journal 45, no. 2 (2022): 266–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pijpsm-06-2021-0082.

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PurposeThis article provides the first assessment of the training program of African gendarmes from the so-called Sahel countries in the Special Training Center of the Spanish Civil Guard in Spain. This action is part of the European Union GAR-SI Sahel project, embedded in the framework of the international cooperation of the European Union with Africa and aims to create effective counter-terrorism police tactical units in the area.Design/methodology/approachThe study exploits instructors' assessment on the evolution of the 167 participants over the program from 2017 to 2019 and the satisfacti

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STOIKA, Viktoriia. "Problems of Ukraine’s integration into the European Union." Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series 2020, no. 146 (2020): 469–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29119/1641-3466.2020.146.33.

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European integration and the identification of obstacles to full membership in the European Union. Design/methodology/approach: The methodological and theoretical basis of the article is the fundamental provisions of economic theory, the works of scientists and economists in the field of international economic relations and integration. Findings: The article explores the problems of Ukraine’s integration into the EU. The study analyzed the attitude of Ukrainians towards European integration, identified the main arguments for and against accession to the EU countries, as well as the main intern

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Gedvilienė, Genutė, Marija Krunkaitytė, and Edita Trečiokienė. "VOLUNTEERING : EXPERIENCE OF SENIOR ADULTS." SOCIETY, INTEGRATION, EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 2 (July 24, 2015): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2014vol2.665.

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The article deals with volunteering which in European Union is highlighted as one of the key possibilities for people to participate and include themselves into the international society life, solving various problems, such as poverty unemployment, public safety, organization of the meaningful leisure time. It analyzes communication and collaboration between international senior volunteers in two countries – Lithuania and Greece - sharing their experience in acquiring new abilities and skills, needed for knowledge-based society in the action based environment.

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Morais, Carolina, and António Santos. "Lessons for a Fairer, More Transparent, and More Competitive Public Procurement in the European Union." Journal of Innovation Management 12, no. 1 (2024): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24840/2183-0606_012.001_0001.

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Public procurement is one of the main instruments of State action and resource allocation and it is used in a wide range of public policies. It is a particularly vital tool for social, environmental and innovation policies. However, it entails many challenges, as public funds are expected to be used to obtain maximum profitability; and market development opportunities must be seized to strategically contribute to innovation, social inclusion, and financial and environmental sustainability of a country. This article, eminently macro-conceptual, discusses the topic of public procurement, charact

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Mazur-Wierzbicka, Ewa. "Measurement of Progress in the Environmental Area: Poland against the Countries of the European Union." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 1 (2022): 563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20010563.

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The initiatives taken by the European Union (EU) and the strategies it adopts aim to achieve sustainable development in a long-term perspective. This, however, requires continuous and consistent efforts to minimise the pressure on the natural environment. By obliging and encouraging Member States to take action in the environmental area, the EU wants to be a leader in conducting the green energy transformation. The main aim of the article is to assess the level of advancement of the EU countries (taking into account their division into two groups: EU-13 and EU-15) in making efforts to preserve

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De Negri, Juan Francisco, Simon Pezzutto, Sonia Gantioler, David Moser, and Wolfram Sparber. "A Comprehensive Analysis of Public and Private Funding for Photovoltaics Research and Development in the European Union, Norway, and Turkey." Energies 13, no. 11 (2020): 2743. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112743.

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This study aimed to examine the financing of photovoltaics research and development by analyzing funding from public (European Union and national budgets) and private sources (enterprises), Strategic Energy Technology Plan participating countries being the main focus (European Union Member States plus Norway and Turkey). In the coming years, photovoltaics are expected to heavily contribute towards the achievement of audacious climate and energy objectives. Continuous monitoring of the effects is of great importance to assess a course of action taken at such a large scale. It will be revealed t

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Lachat, Carl, John Van Camp, Stefaan De Henauw, et al. "A concise overview of national nutrition action plans in the European Union Member States." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 3 (2005): 266–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2004691.

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AbstractObjectiveThis study presents an overview of national nutrition action plans in the member states of the European Union (EU), before its enlargement in 2004. In addition, their compliance with key recommendations of the World Health Organization, as documented in the First Action Plan for Food and Nutrition Policy and the Global Strategy on Diet, Physical Activity and Health, has tentatively been evaluated on the basis of the policy documents published.DesignLiterature review of publicly available policy national plans on nutrition and physical activity.SettingMember states of the EU be

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Zvozdetska, Oksana. "Combating Disinformation in the European Union: Legal Aspects." Mediaforum : Analytics, Forecasts, Information Management, no. 9 (December 28, 2021): 245–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.31861/mediaforum.2021.9.245-262.

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Today, both Ukraine and European countries are subject to disinformation and foreign intervention in their domestic policies. Each democracy no matter its geography experiences its distinct vulnerabilities and respectively, reactions to foreign interference. It should be stated, the immediate responses to such challenges in most Western countries have been rare and sluggish, hampered by legal constraints and bureaucracy, and furthermore, they lacked a real political awareness of the problem or proof of its further impact. Foreign actors are increasingly using disinformation strategies to influ

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Mehmedi, Suzana, and Ilir Mehmedi. "Republic of Macedonia – Reform Priorities in Public Administration for a Pro- European Country." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 11, no. 2 (2017): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v11i2.p119-123.

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The problem of research is very current for several reasons. Namely, the dominant approach on the basis of which are based all have developed and established theories of European integration, developing modern theories of international relations is a realistic basis. Neo-functionalism, inter-guvernmentalism , neo-liberalism, institutionalism (in most of its variants) as the most developed branches of the theory of European integration, despite differences in their settings to keep the basic premise that states are rational, unitary actors, whose interest stems from the assessment of their posi

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Moskovkin, Vladimir M. "A Jew's Fate in Eurasian Space: Between Hatred and Misunderstanding. Role of Mikhail Vygon's Legacy in Understanding Persecution of Jews in Crimea in Twentieth Century." Eurasian Crossroads 2, no. 1 (2020): 010310124. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4298882.

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Mikhail Josifovich Vygon (1924-2011) was a prominent writer, educator and public figure of the Jewish origin. He was born in Rudnya (Smolensk district, USSR) but spent his childhood in Mayfeld, a little Crimean hamlet near Jankoy. In the city of Yalta (Crimea) he has been working for the chief part of his life. A witness to bloody crimes against the Jewish nation during Great Patriotic War years, later he became a victim of the Soviet political persecution of Jews. His oeuvres remain mainly unpublished nowadays. In my paper, I study his literary inheritance, including his novel<em> Jewish Happ

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Rajabiun, Reza. "Strategic Considerations in the Emergence of Private Action Rights." World Competition 32, Issue 3 (2009): 409–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/woco2009038.

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The design of mechanisms for the enforcement of rules regarding anticompetitive practices has been the subject of considerable controversy in both developed and developing countries. Public competition authorities have advantages in terms of scale economies and coordination of competing policy objectives. Private rights of action enhance the capacity of legal regimes to generate information and deter collusive agreements and exclusionary practices. Private enforcement also increases the transaction costs of regulatory capture. Given these differences, mixed regimes are likely to be superior to

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Rovinskaya, T. "Greens in Europe: Incremental Growth." World Economy and International Relations 59, no. 12 (2015): 58–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20542/0131-2227-2015-59-12-58-71.

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The article deals with the environmental ideology evolution and the Green Movement political development – from groups of activists and ecological non-governmental organizations to influential political parties, at both national and international level (mainly in the Western Europe). The overlook covers the period from early 1970s to present. The mass political Green Movement arose in early 1970s in the Western Europe, USA and Australia in response to vivid ecological threats and the inability of national and international authorities to offer effective solutions. From the very beginning, the

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Bhatnagar, D., G. Perrone, and A. Visconti. "The MycoGlobe project: a European Union funded successful experiment in enhancing cooperation and coordination amongst mycotoxin researchers worldwide." World Mycotoxin Journal 1, no. 4 (2008): 493–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/wmj2008.x045.

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In 2004, the European Commission approved the specific support action 'Integration of Mycotoxin and Toxigenic Fungi Research for Food Safety in the Global System' (MycoGlobe, contract FOOD-CT-2004-007174) within the Sixth Framework Programme, Food Quality and Safety. The aim of the MycoGlobe project (http://mycoglobe.ispa.cnr.it) was to implement the outcomes of a wide range of European research projects in the area of mycotoxins and toxigenic fungi by supporting, stimulating and facilitating cooperation between countries in the European Union and other countries that have bilateral scientific

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Raza, Werner. "The WTO – a driving force for the liberalisation of public services in the EU?" Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 14, no. 2 (2008): 277–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425890801400208.

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Liberalisation of public services can be implemented not only through autonomous legislative action by individual countries, but also as a consequence of obligations arising from membership of supranational or international organisations. This article analyses how the process of the commodification of services at the level of the WTO, i.e. via the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS), interacts with the politics of trade and services liberalisation in the European Union. Thus, we highlight the specific role of services negotiations in the WTO for the political dynamics of liberalising

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Dimitrova, Sevdalina, Stoyko Stoykov, and Rumen Marinov. "Black Sea Region and European Security Policy." International conference KNOWLEDGE-BASED ORGANIZATION 24, no. 1 (2018): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kbo-2018-0009.

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Abstract It is obvious that the beginning of the 21st century is marked by many new challenges, problems and risks, which in addition to changing the ideas, concepts and practice of organized violence, lead to a deficit of ideas, methods and means of protection from it. The need to adapt available security systems, tools and practices is adopted in Europe as a response to a conscious public need rather than as a strategically planned action in a time of changes. This led to a spontaneous emergence of a common attempt to aggregate and structure the available security knowledge and to create a c

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Jasińska, Aleksandra, and Marek Jasiński. "Social protection in Poland compared to selected member states of the European Union." Social Entrepreneurship Review 2 (December 23, 2024): 11–25. https://doi.org/10.15678/ser.2024.2.01.

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Background: Social policy is an essential element of action for every state. In order to assess the actions of states in this area, social protection should be looked at from a multi-criteria perspective. Thanks to this assessment, it is possible to compare the effectiveness of the social policies of the surveyed countries and weigh social policies in Poland against the ones of the surveyed EU member states. Research objectives: The paper aims at designing a measure to assess and compare social protection policies of the selected European countries, but in particular to juxtapose them against

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Guarini, Maria Rosaria, Giulia Ghiani, and Francesco Sica. "To What Extent Are the Green Public Procurement Criteria in National Policies and Action Plans? Commonalities Across European Countries for Environmentally Harmonized Valuations." Land 14, no. 6 (2025): 1215. https://doi.org/10.3390/land14061215.

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Green Public Procurement (GPP) is a key tool in European strategies to promote sustainability in public procurement. This study examines the integration of GPP criteria in the National Action Plans (NAPs) of the European Union Member States, with a focus on the construction and urbanizing fields. Through a comparative analysis of policies and regulatory instruments, the main differences in terms of mandatory application between countries in the monitoring and implementation of GPP are highlighted. The comparative analysis of 27 countries reveals significant variation in mandatory execution, re

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Bauhr, Monika, and Nicholas Charron. "Why support International redistribution? Corruption and public support for aid in the eurozone." European Union Politics 19, no. 2 (2018): 233–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1465116518757702.

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What factors explain public support for international redistribution? While the European Union has sent billions of taxpayers' money to over indebted euro countries in an attempt to avoid an economic collapse, these transfers have encountered fierce resistance among both donor and recipient constituents. However, we know surprisingly little about why citizens support or oppose redistribution within the EU. This paper suggests that domestic levels of corruption and institutional quality may be one of the most important explanations for the great variation in public support for financial assista

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Nonic, Marina, Cristina Vettori, Fabio Boscaleri, Jelena Milovanovic, and Mirjana Sijacic-Nikolic. "Genetically modified trees: State and perspectives." Genetika 44, no. 2 (2012): 429–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr1202429n.

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Genetically modified trees are the result of modern plant breeding. Its introduction into the environment for experimental purposes or wider cultivation is defined differently from country to country. Public opinion is divided! Conducted research are part of the activities within the COST Action FP0905 ?Biosafety of forest transgenic trees?, which aims to collect information and define the scientific attitude on genetically modified trees as a basis for future European Union (EU) policy in this field. The collected information refer to eight countries: four EU member states (Italy, Slovenia, R

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Leyden, Kevin, Benita Lipps, and Namita Kambli. "Creating people-friendly cities in a data rich world: towards smarter and more liveable places." Journal of Public Space, Vol. 3 n. 3 | 2018 | FULL ISSUE (December 31, 2018): 103–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.32891/jps.v3i3.312.

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There is a growing movement to make cities “smarter.” Typically the goal is to enhance a city’s efficiency and sustainability and thus lower carbon footprints. While these efforts are well-intended and of great importance, we must also make sure that our future cities are places that people also desire to live in across their lifespan. Against this backdrop, a European Union-funded COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology) Action was undertaken from 2013-2017 entitled People-Friendly Cities in a Data Rich World. The Action culminated in a two-day Participatory Urbanism 2017 confere

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Dobrowolska, Julia. "Disinformation challenges facing the Three Seas Initiative – frame analysis of the key narratives." Lithuanian Annual Strategic Review 22, no. 1 (2024): 123–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.47459/lasr.2024.22.5.

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By exploiting the potential of social media, disinformation has become an important element of warfare. The region of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) is particularly vulnerable to disinformation, primarily from Russia. One of the reasons for Russia’s activities in this region’s infosphere is that most CEE countries are members of the European Union and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). In this context, Russian disinformation activities aimed at the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) are particularly interesting. The image of the 3SI created in the media is crucial, for it translates int

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Shidarta and Imelda Martinelli. "Should Indonesia Block ChatGPT?" E3S Web of Conferences 426 (2023): 02046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202342602046.

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The development of ChatGPT has raised so many concerns that several countries have banned it in their respective countries. Italy was the first Western country to deny it, albeit temporarily. Italy’s action has prompted OpenAI to improve the ChatGPT technology to ensure that it meets the standards of consumer protection, data protection, privacy, and public security standards, as set out in the General Data Protection Regulation for European Union countries. This move by Italy raises the question of whether Indonesia should also block ChatGPT. The authors answer this question by examining data

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della Porta, Donatella, and Manuela Caiani. "Europeanization From Below? Social Movements and Europe." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 12, no. 1 (2007): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.12.1.j48p252t414qu05x.

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Although the process of European integration is proceeding speedily and social movements are often interacting transnationally, research on the Europeanization of social movement actors is far from developed. Some scholars, focusing especially on public interest groups active at EU level, expect that civil society actors, due among other reasons to the flexibility of their organizational structures, will be able to adapt quickly to integration. Others, especially scholars looking at protest activities, are skeptical on three accounts: (1) will actors endowed with scarce material resources be a

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Guerrero, Fernando Elorza, and Manuel García Muñoz. "Conditionality and trade union action in the promotion and defence of workers’ rights: the Spanish case." Tempo Social 33, no. 2 (2021): 79–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/0103-2070.ts.2021.182990.

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Conditionality, among other aspects, determines that the regulatory development of the countries that make up the European Union can be carried out, as is usual in the social sphere, without the intervention, or at least minimally, of the workers’ representatives and entrepreneurs, and also from other political formations in the legislative field. Logically, this absence of social or political participation can promote response actions against them, either traditional (strikes, demonstrations, withdrawal of parliamentary support in adoption of legislative measures etc.), or new types (spontane

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Smirnov, E. N., S. V. Pospelov, and B. D. Nuriev. "Digital attaches institute in system of digital technology export support on example of big data and European Union legislation." E-Management 5, no. 1 (2022): 43–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/2658-3445-2022-5-1-43-51.

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The article touches upon the problem of state support for the export of digital technologies, taking into account the requirements set out in the “Action Plan (roadmap) “Creating additional conditions for the development of the information technology industry”, approved by the Government of the Russian Federation in September 2021. The authors develop the idea of the need to activate the activities of digital attaches, which, as expected, in the near future will play an important role in promoting domestic IT companies abroad. At the same time, it is emphasized that in their activities, digita

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Pan, Zhenxi. "A comparative study of blocking laws between China and EU." BCP Business & Management 27 (September 6, 2022): 260–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpbm.v27i.1970.

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In recent years, the United States has frequently imposed sub-economic sanctions on other countries, which has seriously disrupted the regular order of the world economic and trade market. Since the Trump administration took office, China has gradually become the target of the United States, and the economic and trade friction between China and the United States has been constant. To counter the long-arm jurisdiction of the United States, China's Ministry of Commerce issued the Blocking Measures with Chinese characteristics on January 9, 2021. Its legislative model draws lessons from the Europ

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Matraku, Doriana, and Adela Çafuli. "The Impact of Waste Management in the Macroeconomic Performance." European Journal of Economics and Business Studies 2, no. 1 (2015): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejes.v2i1.p235-246.

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Public attention to solid waste management has increased dramatically over the past decade in Europe because of the fact that the economic development has had its impact in consume. This increase in consume has affected to the production of different waste and therefore the necessity to manage them through different necessary policies of each country. Currently, Albania is a potential candidate country to be part of European Union. With the assignment of the Stabilization-Association Agreement, in 2006, the government undertook a series of commitments, where some of them are relative to taking

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Komarnicka, Anna, and Anna Murawska. "Comparison of Consumption and Renewable Sources of Energy in European Union Countries—Sectoral Indicators, Economic Conditions and Environmental Impacts." Energies 14, no. 12 (2021): 3714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14123714.

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The use of energy is a precondition for global economic and civilisational development. However, the growing demand for energy is depleting traditional energy resources and, most importantly, causing environmental pollution, mainly through the emission of greenhouse gases. As energy is necessary for the functioning of all sectors of the economy, such as industry, services, transport as well as households, these sectors are the largest contributors to energy consumption. Renewable energy sources are an alternative to generating energy from conventional fossil fuels. The main objective of this p

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Heiss, Christian, Juraj Madaric, Jill Belch, Marianne Brodmann, and Lucia Mazzolai. "The compelling arguments for the need of medical vascular physicians in Europe." Vasa 48, no. 6 (2019): 487–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0301-1526/a000810.

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Summary. The burden of vascular diseases is growing worldwide, as the population ages, prompting a call to action not only in terms of awareness but also and most urgently in recognizing the need for vascular physicians, also called angiologists. Vascular medicine views the vascular system (arteries, veins, and lymphatics) as a whole, unique, and independent entity requiring specialized competencies. Vascular physicians offer a holistic and comprehensive approach to vascular patients including provision of interventional procedures, management of a heterogeneous group of multi-morbid and frail

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Geghamyan, Sophya, and Katarina Pavlickova. "Does the Current State of Environmental Impact Assessment in Armenia Pose a Challenge for the Future?" Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 21, no. 02 (2019): 1950004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333219500042.

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Many post-Soviet countries are still improving their Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) systems, and Armenia is no exception. In recent years, approximation to and harmonisation with the laws of the European Union has seen Armenia increasingly adopt and apply EU regulations and directives, and this process was supported by adoption of the new law on EIA and Expertise in 2014. The main objectives of this study are to review and analyse the current state of the Armenian EIA system and to assess its legal framework. We applied a method divided into two parts: review and analysis of the legisla

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Jazic, Aleksandar. "Application of the European Union civil protection mechanism during the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine." Medjunarodni problemi 77, no. 1 (2025): 41–62. https://doi.org/10.2298/medjp2501041j.

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This study examines the various aspects of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine and the European Union?s mechanisms of support designed to mitigate the catastrophic human, material, and other impacts of the conflict. The EU?s assistance is demonstrated not only in the reception and accommodation of a substantial number of refugees but also in the provision of humanitarian, financial, and technical aid to Ukraine and its neighboring countries. The author highlights that the EU?s crisis management efforts have helped stabilize the situation in Ukraine, not merely through monetary support but also

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Mazepa, Svitlana, and Fryderyk Zoll. "ELI Principles for the COVID-19 crisis." Pravovedenie 64, no. 3 (2020): 400–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu25.2020.305.

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In connection with the COVID-19 pandemic, restrictions were introduced in many countries based on the priority of public interests over personal freedom, national relations over international relations. The article draws attention to the difficulties that states have begun to experience in connection with the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the significant damage to the economy, the process of centralization of power and the suppression of the rule of law has increased. Isolation has had a significant impact on the functioning of European and national institutions. The Europe

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