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1
Kurebwa, Jeffrey. "Rural women's representation and participation in local governance in the Masvingo and Mashonaland central provinces of Zimbabwe." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020085.
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This study focused on the representation and participation of rural women in local governance in the Masvingo and Mashonaland Central provinces of Zimbabwe. It argued that increased representation and participation of women in local governance, particularly as ward councillors and senior administrative employees, is important and should be pursued. This has the potential to change the local governance system. The research further argued that change is more likely to occur when elected women are supported by the presence of more women at the most senior administrative levels in the local governance system. The presence of more women is required if the local governance system is to become inclusive of the diversity of the people it represents, especially women. This study rejected the assumption that rural women are passive recipients of local governance since they contribute significantly in fulfilling household and community needs and interests. Through their knowledge and understanding of the construction of power relations at the local level, rural women have creatively managed to produce, reproduce and use alternative strategies which are based on their sexuality and traditional gender roles in challenging and transforming gender inequality at the local level and in improving the quality of rural women. A National Gender Management System (NGMS) that can be used to effectively promote gender equity, equality and justice in local authorities has been developed. It is desirable that the NGMS be established within the existing organisational framework of central and local governments in Zimbabwe. This should be connected to the national structures to ensure that local level activities are systematically accounted for at the national level. The NGMS recognises the strategic importance of building partnerships with social actors at all levels. Qualitative research method was used in the study. The study used both primary and secondary data in analysing the representation and participation of rural women in local governance in the two selected provinces in Zimbabwe, namely Masvingo and Mashonaland Central. Primary data was collected through in-depth interviews and survey questionnaires, while secondary data was gathered through a literature survey of relevant textbooks, newspapers, and peer-reviewed journals, reports and legislation. The research findings indicated that rural women face a number of constraints in getting access to and participating in local governance. Some of the constraints include; cultural beliefs; violence against women; lack of resources; lack of mutual support among women; domestic responsibilities; and institutional factors. The contributions of the research to the study of women in local governance are discussed. Recommendations to increase the participation of women in local governance are made. These include creating an enabling environment for women’s political empowerment, gender-responsive budgets, capacity-building programmes, establishment of gender focal points, gender management committees and teams, increasing women’s self-worth and changing perceptions by men. The study also found that decentralisation in Zimbabwe has not brought local governance closer to rural women due to the interweaving cultural, structural, physical and financial barriers local government faces in ensuring gender equality.
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Chimange, Mizeck. "Implementation of the Zimbabwe National Orphan Care Policy: implications of partnership between government and civil society." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1007188.
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The study focused on the exploration of the implication of partnership between the government and civil society organizations in the implementation of the Zimbabwe National Orphan Care Policy (ZNOCP). The study was carried out in Masvingo District in Zimbabwe to explore on the feasibility of inter-organizational interaction in policy implementation and how it affects the service delivery system. The study incorporated government departments, civil society organizations and ward councillors who stood as the custodians of the people. The study was intended on unveiling the different contextual aspects that exist between government departments and civil-society organizations (CSOs) as individual and separate entities and how the compromising of their values would affect the partnership. Looking at the hierarchical and bureaucratic features of government institutions, the study also intended to understand how this could be concealed and compromised with CSOs‟ open agendas in public policy implementation to ensure effective service delivery to the people. The 5C protocol, critical variables in policy implementation which are policy content, context, capacity, commitment of those entrusted with the implementation process and also clients and coalitions were used as the yardsticks. These variables acted as a yardstick on which to analyze the partnership between the Zimbabwean government and the civil society in the implementation of the Z.N.O.C.P, their different attitudes, bureaucratic settings, organizational culture, values, norms, and how their readjustments or failure affect the service delivery system. It also became imperative to look at the government legislations that govern the CSO space of operation and financial aspects to understand the implications of partnership between government and civil society. An understanding of these aspects leads to an increased understanding of the feasibility of state-CSO partnerships and its implications on policy implementation.
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Albarran, Ilyana. "Decentralization and Citizen Participation in Mexico." FIU Digital Commons, 2015. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2223.
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During the past few decades, decentralization efforts in México have coincided with efforts to democratize the administrative decision-making process. Adopted in 1988, the Programa Nacional de Solidaridad (National Solidarity Program; PRONASOL) required citizen participation in decisions involving the use of federal resources for regional development and poverty alleviation projects. In 1998, Section 33 of the Ley de Coordinación Fiscal (Fiscal Coordination Law; LCF) placed Social Infrastructure Funds (SIF) directly under the supervision of municipalities and retained the requirement that citizens participate in decisions involving the allocation of funds.
The present study seeks to understand the factors that affect the participation of citizen committees (composed of community members; organized to address a particular cause) in SIF allocation decisions and assess the impact of this form of citizen participation on government performance. To pursue this objective, the study analyzes the implementation of LCF with respect to the role of citizen committees in SIF allocation decisions at two different locations: the township of Santa Maria Tonantzintla, located in the municipality of San Andrés Cholula, in the state of Puebla, and the rural municipality of Tenango Del Aire, located in El Estado de México (the State of México).
The study finds that gender, church participation, and personal economy play major roles in the formation of citizen committees. Although the citizen committees have been instrumental in getting their SIF projects prioritized, they have had little effect on the quality or efficiency with which the projects were carried out. In general, the municipal decision-making process in both municipalities lack mechanisms to guarantee citizen participation and thus to ensure consideration of the broader public interest beyond the interest of organized groups. Because SIF can be used for various economic development projects, such as water, sewage, electrification, emergency clinics, and schools, it was of particular importance to determine whether the participatory mechanism was functioning correctly. Given the nature of the projects carried out by municipalities, flaws in the implementation process, including failures to include the broader public, could hinder not only local economic development, but also the economic growth of the nation.
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Cheng, Denise, and 鄭瑞芬. "An evaluation of the impact of e-government on citizen participation in Hong Kong: a survey analysis of Hong Kongresident's responses to citizen participation through implementationof e-government." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46755792.
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Muriu, Abraham Rugo. "Decentralization, citizen participation and local public service delivery : a study on the nature and influence of citizen participation on decentralized service delivery in Kenya." Bachelor's thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2012. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2013/6508/.
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Governments at central and sub-national levels are increasingly pursuing participatory mechanisms in a bid to improve governance and service delivery. This has been largely in the context of decentralization reforms in which central governments transfer (share) political, administrative, fiscal and economic powers and functions to sub-national units. Despite the great international support and advocacy for participatory governance where citizen’s voice plays a key role in decision making of decentralized service delivery, there is a notable dearth of empirical evidence as to the effect of such participation. This is the question this study sought to answer based on a case study of direct citizen participation in Local Authorities (LAs) in Kenya. This is as formally provided for by the Local Authority Service Delivery Action Plan (LASDAP) framework that was established to ensure citizens play a central role in planning and budgeting, implementation and monitoring of locally identified services towards improving livelihoods and reducing poverty. Influence of participation was assessed in terms of how it affected five key determinants of effective service delivery namely: efficient allocation of resources; equity in service delivery; accountability and reduction of corruption; quality of services; and, cost recovery. It finds that the participation of citizens is minimal and the resulting influence on the decentralized service delivery negligible. It concludes that despite the dismal performance of citizen participation, LASDAP has played a key role towards institutionalizing citizen participation that future structures will build on. It recommends that an effective framework of citizen participation should be one that is not directly linked to politicians; one that is founded on a legal framework and where citizens have a legal recourse opportunity; and, one that obliges LA officials both to implement what citizen’s proposals which meet the set criteria as well as to account for their actions in the management of public resources.
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Bagui, Laban. "Public participation in government: the place of e-participation in the City of Cape Town-Western Cape." Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1375.
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Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree
Magister Technologiae: Information Technology
in the Faculty of Informatics and Design
at the Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2013South Africa can be seen as one of the most advanced democracies on the African continent. Its 1996 constitution and state institutions were developed to enable a representative, deliberative and participative democracy. The legislature is predominant and public participation is expected like the element that legitimates the institutions of the state, their decisions and their initiatives. However, despite the use of ICTs to enhance the process of public participation, there remain profound misunderstandings between the government and its communities; expressed in demonstrations, strikes and other violent protests, as dissatisfaction in public service delivery grows and confidence in the government declines. The problem is that it seems that the potential of ICTs to better the processes of public participation is not fully understood and not fully realised. The aim of the study was to seek out elements helping and hindering the use of Mobile, Web and Social media in public participation in the city of Cape Town. This research endeavour falls under eParticipation research. It considers consultation for law and policy making in the city of Cape Town. It examines its democratic, social and communicational anchors in terms of facilitation and openness to change, on one hand; and it examines Mobile, Web and Social media, in terms of adoption and use for the purpose of public participation on the other hand. The research adopted the Critical Realism philosophical paradigm for its ontology and epistemology. It set out to use existing knowledge, theories and models to work mainly with qualitative data. It followed a qualitative, exploratory, holistic, and cross-sectional approach developing a case study of eParticipation in the city of Cape Town from a triangulation of methods. Data was gathered from literature, documents, in-depth interviews, a focus group and observation of meetings. The data gathered was analysed using qualitative content analysis. The case study analysis followed the structure of the research conceptual model and built the story of the development of eParticipation in the city, bringing together readiness achievements in individual community members‘ perceptions and attitudes to eParticipation, and readiness achievements in local government induced social facilitation of eParticipation. These eParticipation readiness elements were considered direct determinants of individuals‘ intention to participate using Mobile, Web and Social media, and of local government democratic engagement and openness to change, constituting the city‘s intensity of e-participation. That estimate of the intensity of eParticipation provided ground to sketch out it position towards achieving ‗cultural eParticipation‘ for the city of Cape Town. This study has implications for theory, policy and practice: It develops analytical frameworks for assessing and determining the place of eParticipation; and it suggests a map of favouring and hampering elements to eParticipation in the city of Cape Town.
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Hann, Charlesa Anne. "Citizen Participation in Health Policy Agenda-setting: Perceptions of Those Influencing Policy." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1384100105.
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Schooley, Shawn Erik. "Appreciative Democracy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26696.
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This is a qualitative exploratory, descriptive study to ascertain the feasibility of public administrators at the local government level using an Appreciative Inquiry approach to increase direct citizen participation. It is framed by the interpretive paradigm. Twenty city managers or their designees from cities of between 40,000 and 250,000 citizens were interviewed. Specifically, respondents were asked twelve semi-structured interview questions. Content analysis was used to identify six themes in the data. Ultimately, this study found that Appreciative Inquiry may be useful in limited circumstances as long as barriers to implementation were adequately addressed. However, the potential risks may outweigh the benefits.Ph. D.
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de, Vries Stephen. "Enhancing participatory democracy: in municipal affairs through the ward committee system: A participatory monitoring and evaluation approach." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6522.
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Magister Administrationis - MAdminLocal government is a key point of service delivery and is the sphere where most people interface with government. A good relationship with communities at local government level is therefore critical. Ward committees were designed to improve the relationship between citizens and municipalities and to give effect to the constitutional obligations of municipalities, to provide democratic government and to involve citizens in the affairs of local government. The establishment of ward committees has been met with great enthusiasm by local communities, as a platform to engage with municipalities. National government and provincial governments were key drivers in this project , with support to municipalities in the establishment of ward committee. This endeavour was intended to facilitate better relationships and cooperation between council and its communities. This objective of this research study was to explore whether participatory democracy can be enhanced through a participatory monitoring and evaluation approach within the current ward committee system. The main research question was whether ward committees could be utilised as effective instruments for participatory monitoring and evaluation of municipal service? The sub-questions were: what is the theoretical and legal framework for ward committees; what was the status of ward committee in Knysna Municipality; what were the challenges of the ward committee system; is there a role for ward committees in participatory monitoring and evaluation; and were there recommendations for the involvement of ward committees in participatory, monitoring and evaluation and improvement of the efficacy of ward committees? The study arose out of continuous service delivery protests by communities because of the dissatisfaction with the state of municipal services. Secondly, various research studies have found that, despite national, provincial and local government support programmes for ward committees, the majority remain ineffective and inefficient, and the social distance between communities and municipalities is growing. The lack of communication and the non-responsiveness of municipalities were found to be some of the main causes for the ineffectiveness of ward committees. Key theorists suggest that some of these protests would not occur if effective monitoring and evaluation are institutionalised and communities are involved in monitoring and evaluation. A participatory approach for monitoring and evaluation was therefore examined within the local government legislative framework of South Africa. A qualitative research method was chosen, using a case study design. The case study design was chosen because such studies do not attempt to make any generalisations in term of the results or that it will be similar in another case study. This study was focussed on exploring and understanding the issue. Primary data was collected through interviews and focus groups with ward committee members, ward councillors and municipal officials. Key findings gave emphasis to challenges of lack of communication, non-responsiveness of municipalities and contestation from other community-based organisations that had a negative impact on the credibility and authority of ward committees. The effectiveness of the municipal performance management system as a monitoring and evaluation tool was also questioned in the findings. The significance or value of the study lies in the finding that willingness for participatory monitoring and evaluation exists as does the insight into the status of municipal performance management systems. Recommendations are made for delegating monitoring and evaluation functions to ward committees. Further investigations into modalities for participatory or result-based monitoring and evaluation, as well as the impact of financial and audit driven performance management system are recommended.
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Selematsela, Lebogang Eunice. "Community participation in rendering local government services in the Capricon District Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020191.
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This study sought to assess community participation in the rendering of services in the Capricorn District Municipality. The concept of community participation is central in underpinning successful development programmes. However, this is usually undermined in communities where cultural factors and political factors influence decision making. The study was premised on the review of literature and documents as the Researcher believed that more research on the subject matter has been done extensively. Personal interviews were done with officials within the Public Participation units in both the Capricorn District Municipality and its Local Municipalities so as to gain insight as to how implementation of public participation processes is done in the CDM‟s area of jurisdiction. Literature was reviewed in terms of the legislative requirements with regard to the implementation of public participation methods in the Local Government sector. Various documents were reviewed so as to understand what other scholars have written about the subject matter. Personal interviews were done with officials within the Public Participation units in both the Capricorn District Municipality and Its Local Municipalities so as to gain insight as to how implementation of public participation processes is done. An assessment of how Capricorn District Municipality implements public participation methods was done in line with what the legislation provides for as well as what the scholars said about public participation. Gaps in the implementation of such were also identified, wherein recommendations were made on how best Capricorn District Municipality can improve on the public participation processes so as to comply with the legislative requirements.
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Nicolay, John. "Historic preservation: a study in local public administration." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27843.
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Do citizen volunteers, sitting on legislatively created local historic architectural review boards, represent a part of the American governance tradition? This study examines the relationships between public board members, citizen interests, career public administrators and the elected appointing authorities. This research involved a national survey of over 1200 members of boards of historic architectural review. In addition, four town or county case studies are presented in detail. These case studies are Jonesborough, Tennessee; Lynchburg, Virginia; Cobb County, Georgia; and Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. These case studies are examined through an ecological perspective.
Within the context of this study, boards of historic architectural review are very much a part of the urban/town/county governance model. They are highly professional in their composition, highly egalitarian, and deeply committed to furthering highly individualistic notions of community. Although some national community studies suggest a malaise in communitarian ideals, this research suggests just the contrary. The failure of citizenship falls more upon the legitimacy accorded to citizens as public administrators rather than an apathy toward manifesting that citizenship.
Historic preservation itself is in a national state of disarray. Its ethos is poorly defined, and the national wellspring for preservation impetus to the local community is strained. Most communities find themselves struggling to fit a nostalgic, sentimental vision of the preserved environment into a well articulated economic model.
This research suggests that local historic architectural review boards need to draw upon themselves to create better opportunities through self-study and formal certification programs. By enhancing their natural reserves of professionalism and commitment, they will advertise what they already do very well: administer in the public interest. By joining with like-minded community-based public boards this new coalition promises a energy and direction for municipal governments. The key is to foster an open environment of dialogue and debate centered on furthering good, responsive government.Ph. D.
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Ahn, Michael Ji-Sung. "The role of political environment and the adoption of new information technology for citizen participation and communication by United States municipal government." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available, full text:, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.
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Pule, Banguxolo. "An examination of public participation in decision-making within the IDP processes with reference to Mhlontlo Local Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019746.
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Public Participation is widely accepted as a way to strengthen the pillars of democratic and accountable governance. In South Africa, public participation is receiving prominence and increasing attention especially at local government level as this level is regarded as the sphere of government closest to the people. The new democratic government in South Africa regards public participation as a cornerstone of democracy. Ackerman (2004:448) asserts that the opening up of the core activities of the state to societal participation is one of the most effective ways to improve accountability and governance. Such accountability and involvement can be better achieved when communities are part of decision making processes in their communities. In South Africa, public participation was heralded by various pieces of legislations which obligated the public to participate and have a say in the decisions taken by their communities. Section 152 of the constitution: Constitution of the Republic of South Africa (Act No 108 of 1996) requires local authority to “encourage the involvement of local communities and community organizations in matters of local government” Informed by the broad principles of the Constitution, the White Paper on Local Government 1998 introduced the notion of developmental local government. According to this Paper, “developmental local government is defined as local government that is committed to working with citizens and groups within the community to find sustainable ways to meet their social, economic and material needs and improve the quality of their lives”. It is through the process of public participation that citizens are given the opportunity to provide input and partake in decision making on service delivery and governance matters of their municipalities. It is widely acknowledged that active public participation is evidence of deepened democracy and can assist municipalities in i) enhancing service delivery ii) making government and officials more effective and accountable and most importantly involve the communities in decisions affecting their lives and communities. By and large, community involvement through public participatory systems ensures that municipalities incorporate the developmental needs of the people. Theseneeds are expressed and consolidated in municipal integrated development plans. To realise the above, the White Paper on Local Government 1998 suggests that “municipalities should develop mechanisms to ensure citizen participation in policy initiation and formulation, and the 3 monitoring and evaluation of decision-making and implementation”. As outlined above various laws gave a new meaning and a legitimised mandate to the role of local communities in the development of their communities. Informed by the above, this study examines the extent to which public participation influences decision making within the IDP processes and by association its impact on service delivery. This study is premised on the widely accepted view that public participation is a process involving the community or the public to gather opinions, investigate the needs, desires and wishes of the local community and to ensure that they as the community are involved in the decision making processes of their municipality. The study is of the view that the IDP processes represent a structured vehicle to enable citizens and groups to influence decision making through institutionalised municipal participatory structures. By so doing, the public and the government form a pact/partnership to ensure that the needs and aspirations of the community receive priority in the IDP processes.
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Kwong, Kam-wai Susana, and 江錦慧. "Public participation in the policy making process in post: 1997 Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45012441.
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Washington-Blair, Angela. "The scope and methods of citizen participation in planning and designing public library facilities." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. http://books.google.com/books?id=UcngAAAAMAAJ.
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Ferraro, Andrea Marie. "Exploring An Alternative Public Relations Framework for the Public Sector." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1429033839.
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Rood, Jason Alexander. "Public Participation in Emergency Management." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/333.
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With disasters increasing in frequency and costs each year, this study seeks to explore ways greater public participation can assist emergency managers in their mission to keep communities safe. Specifically this study examines the policy process and administrative functions of emergency management to illuminated the benefits and hindrances involved in greater participation. This study conducted a qualitative analysis of governmental documents, disaster case studies, international research, as well as political science and administrative doctrines, to arrive at its conclusions. The results of this study reveal that the public is a largely untapped resource in the emergency management field. Engaging the public dialogically in early policy stages and emergency management phases is essential to successful inclusion for both administrators and communities. Specifically, public inclusion creates expanded knowledge, shared learning, personal responsibility, and increased social capital. Faced with the growing threat from disasters, emergency management can create communities that are both more resilient and sustainable by increasing public participation.
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Yekani, Babalo. "Enhancing public participation in the integrated development planning process: a case of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/8989.
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The aim of the study is to investigate effective strategies and processes for public participation in the IDP process in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. A qualitative study was undertaken and literature review on public participation in terms of the Integrated Development Planning was conducted. Relevant secondary data was sourced and structured interviews were conducted with three (3) ward councillors in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipal. Focus group interviews were also conducted with ward committee members from three (3) wards in the Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality. The findings of this research indicate that ward councilors have limited information on administrative processes. This could lead to ward councillors not be able to provide feedback on various service delivery issues and the progress of the municipal projects. Also ward councillors may not be able to influence public participation if they do not understand their role in administrative processes such as monitoring implementation of council decisions and policies. Ward councillors have no influence on the Integrated Development Planning especially the cost and budget estimates for municipal projects which are intended to benefit the members of the community. On the basis of the key findings, recommendations were made that ward committees should be empowered to deal with the complex developments in the Integrated Development Planning process and ward councillors should play a leading role in the Integrated Development Planning process.
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Harmse, Jocelyn Lavern. "Public hearings on the choice of termination of pregnancy : a case of Limpopo Provincial Legislature." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1182.
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Thesis (MPA.) -- University of Limpopo, 2014The aim of the study was to determine whether Members of the Limpopo Provincial Legislature misrepresented members of the public in the policy and decision making process. The Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Amendment Act, No. 213 of 2008, when passed in Parliament, might have had good intensions, but has instead led to unintended consequences. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used in this study. Questionnaires were used to collect the primary data from MPLs, staff of the Limpopo Legislature and members of the public in districts of the Province while the secondary data was collected from online databases and through literature reviews. A random sampling method was used to collect primary data for this research by using various data collection methods such as questionnaires, face to face and telephone interviews. The collected data was captured in Ms Excel 2007, and then analysed and presented using graphs and tables. Results of this study indicate that the majority of people in Limpopo were not in favour of the bill in question. This was evident in the video recording that was taken at the public hearing held in the Vhembe District where the emotions and expressions including the language used by members of the public was witnessed. The Committee Report that was tabled in the House by the Chairperson of the Committee stated that all districts in the Province were not in favour of the bill. It also became evident that indeed MPLs did not debate the report in the House and also did not consider inputs of the masses made during public hearings before a provincial mandate was given to Permanent delegates at the National Council of Province (NCOP) to vote in favour of the bill. It can thus be concluded that MPLs can take a decision on a bill even if the masses are against it. This clearly indicates that the voices of the people are indeed heard since public hearings are conducted, but all is merely done to comply with the Constitutional mandate.
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Dywili, Siyanda. "The role of public participation in the integrated development planning process: Chris Hani District Municipality." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14983.
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Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, in Chapter 7, requires all municipalities to encourage members of the public to participate in the matters of local government. Public participation is the process by which public concerns, needs, and values are integrated into governmental and corporate decision making. The Integrated Development Plan is an example of local government instruments which seek public participation in order to address community needs through service delivery. Consequently, this study was to explore the role of public participation in the Integrated Development Planning process of the Chris Hani District Municipality. The main objectives of this study were to understand the IDP making process, establish the importance of public participation, understand the role played by the municipality to encourage public participation in the IDP processes, understand the influence of IDP in service delivery and to make recommendations based on the findings presented. To conduct this study, qualitative research methodology was employed. The population sample comprised of councillors and municipal officials. Structured interviews were conducted with the councillors, while semi-structured interviews were held with municipal officials. The findings of the study revealed that the Chris Hani District Municipality views public participation as an integral part of the IDP making process. Measures and strategies are taken by the municipality to enhance public involvement in all matters of the municipality, including the IDP process. To achieve this the municipality partners with a number of stakeholders such as the local municipalities, government departments and organised groups. However, this is not enough hence recommendations are presented to improve this situation. Recommendations proposed include introducing capacity building programmes for councillors, establishment of a public participation unit, availing budget for public participation and educating members of the public about public participation and the IDP process.
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Manyuchi, Raymond Freddy. "The role of civil society organisations/non-governmental organisations (CSOs/NGOs) in building human capability : the case of Africa Community Publishing Development Trust (Zimbabwe)." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/20086.
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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The study represents an analysis of the role of civil society organisations/non‐governmental organisations (CSOs/NGOs) in building human capabilities through knowledge construction. It assesses the effectiveness of community publishing in building human capabilities under challenges they face in the environment they are operating in. The complex environment CSOs/NGOs are operating in is dealt with. It will be demonstrated that CSOs/NGOs give marginalised communities, especially women, children and the disabled, a platform where they can organise themselves and give them an opportunity to influence policy and development of their community. Community development has many interpretations. This study focuses on communities as central agents responsible for their own development. When communities participate in their own development, they are engaging in an educational process which is both formal and informal in nature. The education process helps them to understand their situations better. This type of education called ‘popular education’, is based on the belief that people involved in the process have important knowledge that they have acquired from their experiences in life and the education they receive mainly consists of dialogue between different knowledge sets that they possess. In the process, when people participate actively in the development of their communities, a sense of ownership is developed. For the purpose of designing the study, observation of the direct involvement of staff from local government, Africa Community Publishing Development Trust and partner organisations as well as working with communities from Shamva, Umzingwane and Buhera provided the basis. It is noted that party politics affects the development of a CSO/NGO sector that is capable of building human capabilities. It is, therefore, clear that government should create an enabling environment that is free from violence and rule of law should be respected as this helps CSOs/ NGOs to implement capability building programmes conducive for all communities to participate in the development of their areas.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie ontleed die rol van burgerlike organisasies/nie‐regeringsorganisasies (BOs/NRO's) in die bou van menslike vermoëns deur middel van kennis konstruksie. Die studie beoordeel die effektiwiteit van die gemeenskap uitgewery in die bou van die menslike vermoëns en die uitdagings wat hulle in die gesig staar in die omgewing waar hulle hul bevind. Die komplekse omgewing waarin BOs / NRO’s hul bevind word inmiddels behandel. BOs/NRO's gee gemarginaliseerde gemeenskappe veral vroue, kinders en gestremdes 'n platform waar hulle hul self kan organiseer en gee hulle ' n geleentheid om beleid te beïnvloed en hul gemeenskap te ontwikkel. Ontwikkeling van die gemeenskap het baie interpretasies. Die studie fokus op die gemeenskappe as sentrale agente wat verantwoordelik is vir hul eie ontwikkeling. Wanneer gemeenskappe betrokke is in hul eie ontwikkelings proses, neem hulled deel aan ’ n opvoedkundige proses wat van nature beide formeel en informeel is. Die opvoedkundige proses help hulle om hul situasies beter te verstaan. Hierdie tipe van Onderwys genaamd "gewilde onderwys", is gebaseer op die oortuiging dat mense wat betrokke is in ‘n proses belangrike kennis besit as gevolg van persoonlike lewenservaringe, die opvoeding wat hulle ontvang bestaan hoofsaaklik uit dialoog tussen die verskillende kennis stel dat hulle besit. Wanneer mense aktief deelneem in die ontwikkeling van hul gemeenskappe, word 'n gevoel van eienaarskap ontwikkel. In terme van die ontwikkeling van die studie het die direkte betrokkenheid van die personeel van plaaslike regering, ACPDT en vennoot organisasies asook die werk met die gemeenskappe van Shamva, Umzingwane en Buhera die basis gevorm van die studie. Politieke partye beinvloed die ontwikkeling van die BO/NRO‐sektor en dit stel hulle in staat om menslike vermoëns op te bou. Die regering moet 'n instaatstellende omgewing skep wat vry is van geweld en waar die oppergesag van die reg gerespekteer word. Dit sal BO’s/NRO's help om vermoëns bouende programme te implementeer wat gemeenskappe die geleentheid sal gee om deel te hê aan die ontwikkeling van hul gemeenskap.
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Parris, Maxine Joanna. "Engaging the public : theory and practice in Scottish public services." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/20438.
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In recent times, public engagement has become an increasingly prominent feature of modern public service provision. Contemporary Public Engagement (CPE) has been characterized by the proliferation of new and innovative mechanisms with which to engage and involve the public in any process in which their input is either desired or legally required. This thesis takes a qualitative approach to exploring CPE within the context of local public services in Scotland, with the explicit aim of contribution to the development of conceptual understanding and theory. The design of this project was based on a case study of the Clackmannanshire Community Health Partnership (CHP). The key empirical instruments were semi-structured interviews, a focus group, analysis of key CHP documents and participant observation by the researcher at CHP Committee meetings. This study makes three main contributions to existing knowledge. They are: a Conceptual Framework for explaining CPE within Scottish local public service provision, a Conceptual Model which is based on the Conceptual Framework and presents it at a higher level of abstraction, and the generation of substantive theory rooted in the case study data. The thesis makes two main recommendations. The first is that further comparative research should be undertaken in order to further develop and confirm the validity of Conceptual Model and substantive theory. The second is that meta-analysis should be undertaken to assist in the development of the proposed formal theory of Public Sector Reform.
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Nkuntse, Tulani. "Examining public participation as a contributor to good governance: a local government perspective." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/11854.
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This study undertook to examine public participation as a contributor to good governance in the Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality (NMBM), as part of the process of improving this Municipality’s governance. The main objectives of the study were to analyse the existing processes and arrangements for public participation in the NMBM; to examine the extent to which community participation influences decision-making; to investigate the factors that improve or lead to good governance in a municipal environment; to examine a framework for robust participation, in which communities are able to influence decisions that affect them; and to propose recommendations to potentially improve the Municipality’s governance. The triangulation research methodology was employed with emphasis on both the quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The sample comprised of two Ward Councillors, two selected Mayoral Committee members and 14 Ward Committee members. Questionnaires, with open and closed questions, were employed for the Ward Committee members and semi-structured interviews were conducted with both the Ward Councillors and the two Mayoral Committee members. Statistical procedures supplied by the NMMU Unit of Statistics were utilised to interpret and analyse the quantitative data to determine the results for data analysis. The qualitative data analysis involved thematic content analysis. The findings suggest that the current public participation processes are inadequate. The correlation of results further revealed that a significant negative relationship exists between the Ward Councillors, the Municipality and Ward Committee members. Despite various legislative prescriptions pertaining to public participation requirements in local government, the results suggest that the NMBM may be undertaking the public participation exercise for the sake of compliance and therefore it might not be a genuine exercise. The thesis proposes specific recommendations on how the NMBM can address the current shortcomings in terms of its public participation processes and strategies. Recommendations include significant civic education for the public to understand that being in a democratic country involves active participation in local affairs; more participatory initiatives need to be done to make the public aware of the role of Ward Committees and to invite people to apply to be on these Committees; recommendations also suggested that it would be crucial that Ward Committees are not used as a political platform to push political agendas, as this deters public participation. The NMBM needs to establish a monitoring and evaluation process to track their progress with public participation and develop and implement a public participation strategy and policy for enhanced public participation is also proposed in the thesis.
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Helao, Tuhafeni. "The role of regional councillors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in the Oshana region of Namibia." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2005. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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This study examined the role of regional councilors in consultation and communication regarding rural service delivery in Namibia, with specific reference to the Oshana region. The research includes a case study that assessed the degree and the extent to which consultation and communication takes place between regional councilors and community members at constituency level in the region. It also examined the inevitability of consultation and communication concerning basic services provision such as water and electricity in the Oshana region.
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Erasmus, Vernon William Hendry. "Administrative support for community participation in the IDP : a case study of the Oostenberg Municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/51566.
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Thesis (MPA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study explains community participation in the Integrated Development Planning (lDP) process and indicates that administrative support in the Oostenberg Municipality is not conducive for the facilitation of effective participation in this process. This resulted in poor attendance of the 1997/98 cycle of the IDP meetings. Certain improvements in this regard to the 1998/99 cycle did not show any significant difference. This situation did not allow the Oostenberg Municipality to achieve the objective of meaningful input from the community in the IDP policy process. It resulted in the budget not reflecting the priority needs of community specifically. Data in the study was obtained by means of a questionnaire. Information derived at supports the researcher's hypothesis that administrative support is not conducive to effective participation. The study yielded various reasons for non-participation, inter-alia that: the community was uninformed about the IDP, preventing people from access to information and effective participation; II> community participation was undertaken by various directorates on a fragmented basis while no official plan for implementing participation in a coordinated fashion existed; the Oostenberg Municipality relied only on community meetings as a method of participation. The illiteracy factor in the Oostenberg community however, made this an ineffective method; and the community do not value their participation because of the perception that the municipality and it's officials do not regard the community input in a serious light. Based on these findings, criteria for supporting effective community participation processes were developed. Practical recommendations which can be used to overcome the problems of participation in the context of the study were formulated. The principle recommendations derived at in this study are the following: ~ participation should be institutionalised by making one directorate responsible for it; ~ incorporating a participation policy into the organisation; ~ introducing alternative participation mechanisms, techniques and structures for the IDP; ~ the establishment of better communication systems and processes for the IDP; and, ~ the use of developmental-orientated officials and councillors (by providing them with ongoing training and development). If officials and councillors become developmentorientated they will eventually value community participation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die studie verduidelik deelname in die Geïntegreerde Ontwikkelingsbeplanning proses (GOP) en dui daarop dat administratiewe steun in die Oostenberg Munisipaliteit nie bevorderlik is vir die ontwikkeling van effektiewe deelname in die proses nie. Dit het veroorsaak dat daar swak bywoning van die 1997/98 siklus van GOP vergaderings was. Verbeterings in hierdie verband tot die 1998/99 siklus het nie enige merkwaardige verbeterings getoon nie. Die swak bywoning het nie die Oostenberg Munisipaliteit toegelaat om die doelwitte van betekenisvolle insette van die gemeenskap in die GOP proses te bereik nie. Dit het gevolg dat die prioriteite van die gemeenskap nie in die begroting gereflekteer is nie. Data in die studie was verkry deur middel van 'n vraelys. Afleiding gemaak vanafinligting ondersteun die navorser se hipotese dat administrasie steun nie bevorderlik is vir effektiewe deelname nie. Die studie verskaf verskeie redes vir die swak deelname, onder andere dat: die gemeenskap oningelig was oor die GOP en dat dit die mense weerhou het van toegang tot informasie en effektiewe deelname; .. gemeenskapsdeelname onderneem was deur verskeie direktorate op 'n gefragmenteerde basis terwyl geen amptelike plan vir die implementering van effektiewe deelname op 'n gekoordineerde manier bestaan het nie; Oostenberg Munisipaliteit slegs op gemeenskapsvergaderings staatgemaak het as 'n metode van deelname. Die ongeletterdheid in die Oostenberg gemeenskap het dit 'n oneffektiewe metode gemaak; en .. die gemeenskap heg geen waarde aan hul deelname nie aangesien die persepsie bestaan dat die munisipaliteit en sy amptenare nie die gemeenskap se insette in 'n ernstige lig beskou nie. Gebaseer op hierdie bevinding was kriteria vir effektiewe deelname ontwikkel. Praktiese aanbevelings wat gebruik kan word om probleme van deelname te oorkom was in die konteks van hierdie studie geformuleer. Die belangrikste aanbevelings is as volg: .. deelname moet ge-institusionaliseer word en een direktoraat verantwoordelik te maak daarvoor; .. die daarstelling van 'n deelname-beleid by die munisipaliteit; .. die bekendstelling van alternatiewe deelname meganisme, tegnieke en strukture vir die GOP; .. die vestiging van beter kommunikasie stelsels en prosesse vir die GOP; en .. die aanwending van ontwikkeling georiënteerde amptenare en raadslede (deur hulle te voorsien van deurlopende opleiding en ontwikkeling). Indien amptenare en raadslede ontwikkelings-georiënteerd is, sal hulle waarde kan heg aan gemeenskapsdeelname.
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Howe, Samantha Anne. "Public Engagement in Healthcare Policy Formulation: Contexts, Content, and Identity Construction." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376662937.
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Scarabello, Filho Sinesio. "O artifice e a ferramenta : a participação publica na gestão ambiental areas da Serra do Japi - Jundiai/SP." [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/258658.
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Orientador: Rozely Ferreira dos SantosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Urbanismo
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Resumo: As vantagens e a conveniência da participação pública na gestão de áreas naturais têm sido intensamente discutidas. A grande maioria dos administradores, empresas e órgãos públicos que fomentam este debate apontam a participação pública como algo vantajoso, conveniente e até necessário. No entanto, as dificuldades para se incorporar a participação pública nos processos de tomada de decisão são muitas e igualmente reconhecidas, o que tem mantido o assunto sob intenso debate. Este trabalho parte do pressuposto de que a participação pública é, de fato, necessária. Contudo, procura identificar os requisitos para que ela ocorra de forma positiva e efetiva e, principalmente, investigar a possibilidade de manutenção de uma aliança estável entre os atores sociais. Para tanto, foi instalado e observado um processo de participação pública, orientado por um modelo designado MOD - Modelo de Organização do Diálogo, concebido a partir de considerações e conclusões extraídas da bibliografia pesquisada. Três aspectos foram especialmente focalizados: a forma de organização da participação pública, o estabelecimento da articulação entre os atores sociais e as dificuldades para a tomada de decisão diante de questões complexas, relativas à gestão das áreas da Serra do Japi, localizadas no Município de Jundiaí, Estado de São Paulo. Para auxiliar a tomada de decisão foi desenvolvido e aplicado outro modelo que procura representar geometricamente o sistema ambiental e, por este motivo, foi denominado MG ¿ Modelo Geométrico de Apoio à Tomada de Decisão. A aplicação do modelo ocorreu em um estudo de caso, o do loteamento denominado ¿Chácaras Serra da Ermida¿, situado no território da Serra do Japi. Além dos modelos citados, o recurso de concepção de cenários revelou-se extremamente útil para a identificação de alternativas e compreensão dos respectivos efeitos ou conseqüências. O relato do processo procura caracterizar as circunstâncias de cada momento, as dificuldades surgidas e as soluções encontradas e, no final, o trabalho propõe a idéia de complementaridade entre o artífice e a ferramenta, e procura enfatizar a importância assumida pela capacitação dos atores sociais, a partir da qual o artífice pode adquirir a habilidade necessária para o uso adequado da ferramenta
Abstract: The advantages and suitability of citizen participation in the management of protected areas have been discussed intensely. Most of de managers, companies and public agencies that foment this debate point the citizen participation as something advantageous, convenient and even necessary. The ideas about sustainability, arisen from the echo-development concepts and sustainable development, consider that public participation is an essential quality of this new view, which includes the environmental component in the planning and management actions, and in the make decisions process. However, the difficulties to incorporate the public participation in the process of making decisions are many and equally recognized, what has been keeping the subject on intense discussion. This job takes for granted that public participation is, in fact, necessary. But, it tries to identify the requirements so that it happens in positive and efficient way and, mainly, to investigate the possibility of maintenance of a stable alliance among the citizen participants. For that, it was installed and observed a process of public participation, guided by a designated model MOD ¿ Model of Organization of the Dialogue, conceived from considerations and conclusions derived of the researched bibliography. In the course of the process, and with the aid of theoretical knowledge and methodologies and adapted tools, concret, complex and important issues about the management of the Japi Mountains, in Jundiaí boroughs, were approached. Three aspects were specially focused: how to organize the public participation, the establishment of articulation between social participants and the difficulties of making decision in the presence of complex issues. In order to contribute the understanding of the methods of multi-criteria decision making support it was developed another model that tries to represent the environmental system geometrically and, for this reason, was denominated ¿Geometric Model for Decision Making Support¿. The report of the process tries to describe the circumstances in each moment, the appeared difficulties and the solutions found, ending with considerations about the principles that should guide the formulation of an environmental politic, on the function of public participation and organization form and; about the relationship among the contribution of the craftsmen, actors of the process, and the instruments and tools used by them. Finally, it is presented a reflection that proposes the idea of complement between the craftsman and the tools, and it tries to emphasize the importance assumed by the education, starting from which the craftsman can acquire the necessary ability for appropriate use the tool
Doutorado
Saneamento e Ambiente
Doutor em Engenharia Civil
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Pio, Nuno Roberto Coelho. "Participação e controle social da Administração Pública: regime jurídico dos conselhos de políticas públicas." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2018. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20908.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
This essay addresses the theme of social control and participation towards the Public Administration intending to build a doynatic improvement to this kind of participation and control by a systematization of its rules and instruments, especially the councils of public policies, exploring the limits and possibilities concerning this issues therefore getting into a much more effective social control and participation once these issues are still very weakly developed in Brazilian experience and in face of the insufflciencles of representative democracy
A pesquisa aqui proposta pretende estudar o tema da participação e do controle social da Administração Pública com a Intenção de promover um aprimoramento dogmático da compreensão de tal tema, por meio de uma sistematização das categorias de participação e controle social, e, especialmente, do mecanismo dos conselhos de políticas públicas, explorando e testando, em face do sistema jurídico, todos seus contornos e potencialidades, de modo a chegar a uma participação e controle social efetlvos, uma vez que esta modalidade de controle se encontra ainda muito aquém de suas possibilidades na experiência jurídica brasileira, diante da constatação das limitações e insuficiências do modelo representativo
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Warren, Douglas J. "A Critical Study of Communications in Land Use Hearings." PDXScholar, 1988. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1349.
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This study addresses a major theoretical issue posed in the literature: can alienation in modern urban society be conceptualized in terms of the communicative competence of speakers taking part in social interaction. Specifically, this study explores the relationship between communicative competence and two observable indications of success in land use hearings: 1) ability to influence the final decision of the Variance Committee and 2) expression of feelings of dissatisfaction with the hearings process, as expressed by the participants. On a broader scale, the study tests Jurgen Habermas's classification of speech acts and the notion that public hearings are a free and open process for integrating public opinion into land use decisions. Twenty-five hearings before the Variance Committee of the City of Portland were observed in order to record the types of speech acts used by four different groups in the hearings - the protestors, the applicants, the planning staff and the committee members. Following the hearings the applicant and a protestor were interviewed to ask information about their perceptions of the hearings process. In addition, all the Variance Committee members (15) and twenty-five professional planning staff were interviewed. Altogether 98 interviews were conducted. Analysis of Variance demonstrates that there is a significant difference in the use of the four types of speech acts by the four groups. Tabular analysis shows that the applicants are more comfortable with the hearings process than the protestors. However, both groups are relatively well satisfied with the hearings process, even after controlling for the final decision. Multiple linear regression demonstrates that the decision of the hearing is strongly associated with the speech acts received by the applicants and protestors. Furthermore, a large portion of those acts and their direction can be attributed to the committee Chairman. Based on these two findings (direction of the committee's attention and the Chairman's influence), a case analysis of 14 (out of twenty-five) crucial cases were examined to determine the interactive process used in reaching the final decision. Crucial case analysis revealed that the committee follows an identical ritual review process, led by the Chairman, in all those cases where the final decision corresponds to the staff recommendation. In those cases where the staff recommendation is reversed, the ritual review process is interrupted by one of three types of unexpected errors, committed by the testifiers, which shift the communicative attention of the committee to the opposing testifiers. These findings suggest the hearing process does not provide free and open access to opportunities to influence the decision in Variance hearings. Although some feelings of placation occur on the part of applicants and protestors, the final decisions are heavily predisposed by the professional staff recommendation. This predisposition is not overcome by compelling rational discourse, but only if a "fatal error" is committee by one group of testifiers.
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Dang, Thi an lien. "L'amélioration des relations entre l'administration et les citoyens au Vietnam." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO30073.
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Pour être reconnu « citoyens », les Vietnamiens ont dû subir de longues années de guerre. Une République socialiste indépendante est créée et s’est développée mais la vie des citoyens est toujours difficile en raison notamment de la gestion de l’État à l’égard d’une économie planifiée suivant le modèle bureaucratique. Surmonter ces difficultés et améliorer la vie des citoyens deviennent des tâches urgentes pour l’État vietnamien. Cela a conduit à l’ouverture de Đổi mới (Renouveau) en 1986. Cette réforme économique en faveur du développement de l’économie de marché exige celle de l’administration, notamment en matière des formalités administratives. Cependant, il faut attendre jusqu’en 2001 pour avoir un premier programme de réforme administrative qui est appliqué dans tout ensemble du pays.L’exécution de ces réformes a apporté plusieurs changements dans tous les domaines pour le Vietnam, l’économie s’est développée et le niveau de vie des citoyens est de plus en plus important. Cependant, les inconvénients et les obstacles demeurent. Les citoyens sont toujours mécontents de la lenteur, de la lourdeur et de l’inefficacité de l’administration. De plus, l’adhésion du Vietnam à l’Organisation mondiale du Commerce (OMC), son intégration économique sur le plan national et international, l’élargissement des nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication constituent des enjeux forts et nouveaux pour un pays en voie de développement. Ainsi, l’administration doit être plus démocratique, simplifiée, transparente, puissante, professionnelle, moderne et efficace, et favorisant la participation des citoyens à son action afin de mieux répondre à leur nouvelles attentesTo be recognized as « citizens », Vietnamese people have had to under through years of war against foreign invaders. A socialist republic were created and developped, however its citizens have been always bearing difficulties caused the bureaucratic administration and a planned economy.Overcoming and improving citizen’s life standards become uttermost missions of the Government. These led to the Đổi mới (Renovation) in 1986 in Vietnam. The economic reform toward market economy required a similar reform in administrative mechanism, especially in administrative procedures. However, the first administrative reforms on national scale had not been started until 2001.These reforms have resulted in changes in all sectors in Vietnam, the economy develops and citizens’ life standard improved. Nevertheless, burdens and shortcomings are still there. Vietnam citizens are still dispointed by the slowness, heaviness and ineffectiveness of the administrative apparatus. Moreover, Vietnam’s accession to WTO, national and international economic integration, enhanced application of information technology are actually factors for development. Similarly, administration apparatus should be stronger, more democratic, simplified, transparent, professional, effective and modernized, so that it could promote citizen participation in its activities to meet their expectation
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Mathane, Letshego Patricia. "The impact of the local government turnaround strategy on public participation and good governance with regard to the integrated development planning process : The case of Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality." Thesis, [Bloemfontein?] : Central University of Technology, Free State, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11462/190.
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Thesis (M. Tech. Public Management)) -- Central University of Technology, free State, 2013During 2009 the State of Local Government in South Africa 2009 Report, (2009:71-75) showed that much of local government is in distress and it also showed that much of the local government municipalities faced serious challenges such as the lack of service delivery, poor financial management and weak integration between the Integrated Development Plan (IDP) and the Local Economic Development (LED). To improve the performance of the municipalities, the national government approved a comprehensive Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) that serves as a country-wide intervention with the aim to address the communities‟ increasing dissatisfaction with poor municipal services, as well as to improve the administrative and financial performance of all municipalities. The purpose of the study was to investigate the impact of the Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) on public participation and good governance with respect to the Integrated Development Planning (IDP) process in the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality. It was found during the literature review that although the Local Government Turnaround Strategy (LGTAS) was successfully incorporated in the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality Integrated Development Plan Review of 2013/2014, more needs to be done to ensure that the medium-term priorities are effectively implemented to promote good governance, and effective service delivery of Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality. The study found that although the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality has a well-planned and well-structured community engagement strategy to promote effective public participation, more needs to be done to ensure that the communities are effectively represented during the various public participation consultation activities to ensure that the needs of the majority of the communities are addressed. The study also found that the Mangaung Metropolitan Municipality has well-defined strategies to promote good governance in its Integrated Development Plan (IDP), the effective implementation remains a challenge.
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Pitondo, Jimmy Augusto Moreira. "Coletivos e participação política no Brasil: reflexões para a compreensão de novas lideranças." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2017. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/20360.
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Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq
This research aims to investigate the emergence of urban collectives as new forms of political participation in Brazil. Refusing institutional means available, they are supported by a type of political representation that does not require the authorization of the represented, where there is no specific monopoly or territoriality, but only affinity. The initial hypothesis of the work is that despite the existence of mechanisms characteristic of the democratic regime that foster direct or indirect political participation and institutions responsible for the transparency of public actions through accountability, there is a negative perception of the Citizens about the efficiency of this group, making the innovations in the field of political participation a reactive and symptomatic phenomenon. The work is a bibliographic study and therefore was carried out with qualitative methods through various authors of political science and sociology. It begins with the investigation of a type of leadership characteristic of these collectives, here called Horizontal, to analyze the Democratic regime and its theoretical and practical implications, making it possible to launch a safe look at the process of redemocratization in Brazil and to confer correspondence between Principles that underlie the Constitution of 1988 and its effective application in terms of political participation and mechanisms of inspection and control, important for understanding the contemporary scenario. Finally, some groups were selected to test the hypothesis in practice, highlighting the formation of more active, critical and politicized groups that not only claim actions of the public institutions, but act on their own in solving problems that do not trust the State for Not to believe in their efficiency, showing signs of dissatisfaction not with Democracy itself, but with governments and institutionalized forms of representation. In this sense, the dissertation is inserted in the field of Social Sciences, focused on the study of political institutions and collective action, seeking to expand the field of analysis with new perspectives
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo investigar o surgimento de coletivos urbanos enquanto novas formas de participação política no Brasil. Recusando meios institucionais disponíveis, se sustentam por meio de um tipo de representação política que não necessita da autorização do representado, no qual não há monopólio ou territorialidade específica, mas somente afinidade. A hipótese inicial do trabalho é de que apesar da existência de mecanismos característicos do regime democrático que fomentam a participação política direta ou indireta e instituições responsáveis pela transparência das ações públicas por meio da prestação de contas, ou seja, accountability, há uma percepção negativa dos cidadãos acerca da eficiência desse conjunto, tornando as inovações no âmbito da participação política um fenômeno reativo e sintomático. O trabalho é um estudo bibliográfico e, portanto, foi realizado com métodos qualitativos por meio de diversos autores da ciência política e sociologia. Se inicia com a investigação de um tipo de liderança característica desses coletivos, aqui chamada horizontal, para então analisar o regime Democrático e suas implicações teóricas e práticas, tornando possível lançar um olhar seguro sobre o processo de redemocratização no Brasil e conferir a correspondência entre os preceitos que fundamentam a Constituição de 1988 e sua aplicação efetiva no que se refere à participação política e aos mecanismos de fiscalização e controle, importante para compreender o cenário contemporâneo. Por fim, foram selecionados alguns coletivos para testar na realidade a hipótese trabalhada, destacando a formação de grupos mais ativos, críticos e politizados que não apenas reivindicam ações das instituições públicas, mas atuam por conta própria na resolução de problemas que não confiam ao Estado por não acreditar em sua eficiência, demonstrando sinais de insatisfação não com a Democracia em si, mas com governos e formas de representação institucionalizadas. Nesse sentido, a dissertação insere-se no campo das Ciências Sociais, voltada ao estudo das instituições políticas e da ação coletiva, buscando ampliar o campo de análise com novas perspectivas
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Miles, Wayne Everett. "The move to community oriented policing and problem solving: The community as partners for progress." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1999. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1530.
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Elias, Maria Veronica. "Community: An Experience-Based Critique of the Concept." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1214500741.
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Backhouse, Peter. "Medical knowledge, medical power : doctors and health policy in Australia /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb126.pdf.
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Kou, Yongxia. "The Impacts of Urban Renewal: The Residents' Experiences in Qianmen, Beijing, China." PDXScholar, 2013. http://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1497.
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The study examines the influences of the Qianmen urban renewal project on its original residents, which is one of a few demonstration projects under the new policy orientation of urban renewal practices in Beijing, China, entering the new century. It employs "residential satisfaction" as an evaluative indicator to understand the residents' experiences before and after urban renewal. Seventy-two residents were interviewed. Among them, 25 remained in Qianmen; 20 relocated to Hongshan, a neighborhood in the central city area; 21 moved to Longyue, a neighborhood in one of the suburban areas; and 6 residents relocated to other locations.
The study found that the participants' level of residential satisfaction was skewed toward dissatisfaction before the urban renewal, whereas participants showed a much higher satisfaction level after the urban renewal, which means that overall the Qianmen urban renewal project had positive impacts on the residents' residential environment. However, among the three neighborhoods, there are no statistically significant differences. The policy arrangements of the Qianmen urban renewal project contribute to the results. Under the new policy orientation, the policy arrangements of the Qianmen urban renewal project featured a government-led approach with a large amount of public investment, which formed a good basis to provide better compensation to the residents, in particular to provide extra aid to low income residents. Therefore, the residents got their housing conditions improved to a large extent contributing to their higher level of residential satisfaction after the project was implemented. Because of the extra aid, the low income residents were even more satisfied than the middle-high income residents. On the other hand, the policy arrangements took into account the opinions of the original residents, in other words, most residents made their own decision about where to live after the urban renewal. In this circumstance, they actually saw the urban renewal as an opportunity to improve their residential environment, in spite of the fact that the urban renewal project was initiated by the municipal government. Therefore residents stayed or relocated voluntarily, which significantly predicts the resulting higher level of residential satisfaction. The findings in the Qianmen case remind us that we do need a more open, balanced perspective for analysis of urban renewal processes and outcomes, rather than a predominantly negative displacement view embedded in a gentrification discourse; and that policy arrangements toward more redistribution and social equity are more likely to achieve positive outcomes for disadvantaged people.
However, the improvements in unit size and housing quality are the main achievements of the urban renewal. Many residents still face the shortage of community facilities in the short run, and in the long run they might continue to suffer from poorer accessibility to public facilities and other resources. Furthermore, the urban renewal inevitably caused social disturbances for many residents, in particular for disadvantaged people (low income residents, and the elderly, etc), although the negative impacts of relocation on social networks were mitigated by the benefits of escaping the social conflicts and annoyance in the original neighborhood, and were compensated by the improved housing conditions. Generally, the key argument of this study is that policy makers need to pay more attention to the disadvantaged class; in other words, the government needs to assume its role more actively in redistribution and social equity.
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Spíndola, José Flávio. "O Instituto da Ouvidoria como ferramenta para a melhoria da gestão pública : experiência do METROREC e DETRAN-PE." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10277.
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Before the growth of the number of ombudsman inside the Brazilian institutions and in individual, in the public enterprises, the fulfilled inquiry boarded the relations between the society and the State, detaching, like central subject, the institute of the ombudsman as tool for improvement of the public management. The inquiry investigated the ombudsman of the DETRAN-PE and of the METROREC emphasizing the treatment given to the demonstrations of the citizen. The results of the studies, based on the revision of the literature on the institute of the ombudsman, wrapping concepts, objectives and a conceptual model is left ombudsman, they point to ways of social participation and indicate that it is resulting implemented actions, producing benefits for the society and for the institutions. The elements analysis like the historical of creation of his ombudsman, the functioning structure, the forms of actings and indicators in the treatment of the demands, allowed to carry out comparisons on the performance of the ombudsman in these two organizations. The present work also did observations on some aspects of dissonance found between the conceptual model of the institute of the ombudsman and the investigated ombudsman, being the need for reflection on his institutional practices in force. The study made possible a view on the institute of the ombudsman in the institutions DETRAN-PE and METROREC, observing his interactions with the social actors, bringing near the most social public management of a slope, by means of the effective participation of the citizen, putting the institute of the ombudsman to service of the society and of the institution, like tool for the improvement of the public management.
Diante do crescimento do número de ouvidorias dentro das instituições brasileiras e em particular, nas empresas públicas, a pesquisa realizada abordou as relações entre a sociedade e o Estado, destacando, como tema central, o instituto da ouvidoria como ferramenta para melhoria da gestão pública. A pesquisa investigou as ouvidorias do DETRAN-PE e do METROREC ressaltando o tratamento dado às manifestações do cidadão. Os resultados dos estudos, baseados na revisão da literatura sobre o instituto da ouvidoria, envolvendo conceitos, objetivos e um modelo conceitual sobre ouvidoria, apontam caminhos de participação social e indicam que há ações implementadas decorrentes, gerando benefícios para a sociedade e para as instituições. A análise de elementos como o histórico de criação de suas ouvidorias, a estrutura de funcionamento, formas de atuações e indicadores no tratamento das demandas, permitiu realizar comparações sobre o desempenho das ouvidorias nessas duas organizações. O presente trabalho também fez observações sobre alguns aspectos de dissonância encontrados entre o modelo conceitual do instituto da ouvidoria e as ouvidorias pesquisadas, havendo a necessidade de reflexão sobre suas práticas institucionais vigentes. O estudo possibilitou um panorama sobre o instituto da ouvidoria nas instituições DETRAN-PE e METROREC, observando suas interações com os atores sociais, aproximando a gestão pública de uma vertente mais social, mediante a efetiva participação do cidadão, colocando o instituto da ouvidoria a serviço da sociedade e da instituição, como ferramenta para a melhoria da gestão pública.
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Du, Preez Pierre Johann. "The role of the councillor and the official in the decision-making process of the municipality." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52020.
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Thesis (MPA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Local government is a sphere of government which consists of municipalities and its executive and legislative authority is vested in the respective municipal councils. The council is responsible for exercising its powers and functions on behalf of the community it represents and it makes decisions in that regard. A municipality as an organisation which is comprised of two main components: on the one hand, the council as a body of elected representatives and, on the other, officials who have been employed by the council. Whilst it is generally accepted that it is the function of the council to determine policy and of the officials to execute the determined policy, it is accepted that in .practice there is a degree of interfacing between these two functions. It is further accepted that, although there is a clear distinction between the roles of councillor and official, it is possible that there may be a degree of misconception about their respective roles. The purpose of this study was to determine whether councillors and officials have misconceptions about their roles in the decision-making processes of the municipality and whether such misconceptions have a negative impact on service delivery. The research was initiated by a study of decision making in general, followed by a study of decision making in local government in order to establish a basis for the field of study. Oostenberg Municipality was then analysed, with specific reference to its decision-making systems as well as its macro-organisational structure. A questionnaire was sent to the top structure of the council as well as the top management structure of the municipality; the views of these respondents were used to determine whether there were any misconceptions about their roles. The study found that the councillor study group presented a 30.56% degree of misconception about their role as councillors in the decision-making process of the municipality, and in the case of the top management structure there was a 29.86% degree of misconception. The study further established that this degree of misconception impacted negatively on service delivery. In VIew of the above, it is recommended that councillors be subjected to appropriate training, that the political party caucuses be accommodated in the formal decision-making process of the municipality, and that members of the top management structure be subjected to dedicated training on their role in the decision-making processes of the municipality. It is also recommended that the top management structure of the municipality should be in possession of appropriate academic qualifications.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Plaaslike Regering is 'n sfeer van regering wat uit munisipaliteite bestaan en ten opsigte waarvan sy uitvoerende en wetgewende gesag in sy munisipale raad gesetel is. Die raad is namens die gemeenskap wat hy verteenwoordig vir die uitoefening van sy magte en funksies verantwoordelik en neem hy besluite in daardie verband. 'n Munisipaliteit as 'n organisasie bestaan uit twee komponente, te wete die raad as 'n liggaam van verkose verteenwoordigers aan die een kant, en aan die ander kant, amptenare wat deur die raad in diens geneem is. Terwyl dit algemeen aanvaar word dat dit die raad se funksie is om beleid te bepaal en dit die amptenare se funksie is om die uitvoering aan die gestelde beleid te gee, word daar ook aanvaar dat daar in die praktyk, 'n mate van interfase tussen hierdie twee funksies bestaan. Dit word voorts aanvaar dat terwyl daar 'n duidelike onderskeid tussen die onderskeie rolle van raadslid en amptenaar is, dit moontlik is dat daar 'n mate van wanbegrip van hul onderskeie rolle bestaan. Die doel van hierdie studie was om te bepaal of raadslede en amptenare wanbegrip van hul onderskeie rolle in die besluitnemingsproses van die munisipaliteit ervaar en of sodanige wanbegrip 'n negatiewe impak op dienslewering het. Om as basis vir die studieveld te dien is algemene besluitneming eerstens bestudeer, gevolg deur 'n studie van besluitneming in plaaslike regering. 'n Ontleding van Oostenberg munisipaliteit met spesifieke verwysing na sy besluitnemingsprosesse en makro-organisatoriese struktuur is daarna uitgevoer. 'n Vraelys met as respondente die topstruktuur van die raad sowel as die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit was aangewend om te bepaal of daar 'n mate van wanbegrip van onderskeie rolle bestaan. Die studie het bevind dat die raadslid studiegroep 'n graad van wanbegrip van 30.56% ten opsigte van sy rol as raadslid in die besluitnemingsproses van die munisipaliteit toon, en in die geval van die top bestuurstruktuur, is 'n graad van wanbegrip van 29.86% aangetoon. Die studie het verder bevind dat die bepaalde graad van wanbegrip, negatief op dienslewering impakteer. Met inagneming van die voorafgaande is daar aanbeveel dat raadslede aan toepaslike opleiding blootgestel word, die akkommodering van die politieke party koukusse in die formele besluitnemingsprosesse van die munisipaliteit, sowel as die toepaslike opleiding van die lede van die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit ten opsigte van hul rol in die besluitnemingsprosesse van die munisipaliteit. Daar is ook aanbeveel dat die lede van die top bestuurstruktuur van die munisipaliteit oor toepaslike akademiese kwalifikasies behoort te beskik.
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Peron, Amanda Cristina Pasqualini. "A ação coletiva na elaboração do orçamento público municipal a partir da edição da lei de responsabilidade fiscal: Caso Quatro Barras (Paraná - Brasil)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2016. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2665.
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A existência de uma estrutura democrática imbuída de requisitos, de instituições e de leis é espaço para reflexão não somente sobre questões relacionadas ao poder do voto, mas as de cunho extra-eleitoral, que se revelam em democracia participativa. No BrasilaConstituição de 1988 avigorou o princípio participativo, interessando para este estudo o orçamento participativo, preconizado pela Lei Complementar n° 101/2000. O recorte para a presente pesquisa incide sobre a ação coletiva na fase de implementação de políticas públicas, quando da elaboração da Lei Orçamentária Anual, à luz da teoria de Elinor Ostrom. A estudiosa defende a necessidade de criação de incentivos para a cooperação e de mecanismos de decisão conjunta no trato do recurso comum, indicando às instituições características desejáveis, designadas de Princípios deDesign, os quais, quando presentes, levariam a resultados positivos de gestão de recursos comuns. O estudo assenta-se na problemática do orçamento público, no Município de Quatro Barras, estado do Paraná, Brasil. O objetivo geral é o de avaliar a ação coletiva na elaboração de orçamento público do município em comento a partir da edição da Lei de Responsabilidade – 2000 a 2016. Em termos de classificação da pesquisa, quanto à sua natureza, pode ser enquadrada como básica. No que compete à forma de abordar o problema, trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa. Assim, como principais resultados encontrados tem-seque a legislação trouxe a possibilidade (obrigatoriedade) de participação popular na elaboração do orçamento público municipal, e o arranjo institucional faz uso de mecanismos na tentativa de contemplar a legislação realizando audiências públicas, para as quais ocorre o chamado da população por intermédio da publicação em jornal oficial, de circulação diária, que contempla o local, o horário e a data em que ocorrerá a discussão das metas e prioridades para a Lei Orçamentária Anual. No entanto, o aporte teórico trazido indica que a ação coletiva no Município de Quatro Barras é uma pseudoparticipação e que a ausência do preenchimento das unidades de registro se traduz em ausência de ação coletiva.The existence of a democratic structure within their own requirements, institutions and laws is a place for reflection not only on issues related with to the power of the popular vote, but also those out of election process at the democracy. After 1988 the Brazilian Constitution rised the people participation principle with participative budget, previewed by Complementary Law n. 101/2000. The following study focuses on collective action in the implementation phase of public policies at drafting the Annual Budget Law under the precepts of the Elinor Ostrom's theory. The author defends the need to create incentives for cooperation and joint decision-making mechanisms in the management of public resources, suggesting to the institutions the desirable characteristics called Design Principles which when present would lead to positive results of public resource management. This study is issued of the public budget in the Quatro Barras county, state of Paraná, Brazil. The general objective is to analyze the collective action to plan the public budget of the municipality following the edition of the Law of Responsibility - 2000 to 2016. In terms of the classification of the research its nature can be understood as basic. In what concerns about methodology and objective approach it is a qualitative research. Thus the main results found are that the legislation brought the possibility (obligatoriness) of popular participation in the county public budget planning. The institutional arrangement makes use of mechanisms in the attempt to contemplate the legislation doing public audiences for which it occurs the community call through notes at official newspaper of daily circulation, which mention the place, time and date in which the discussion of goals and priorities for the Annual Budget Law will occur. However, the theoretical contribution made indicates that the collective action in the Quatro Barras county is a false participation and that the absence of achievement of the registration units realize into an absence of collective action.
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Lundin, Julia. "Medborgardialoger – demokratisering för politisk jämlikhet? : En fallstudie av medborgardialoger i två svenska kommuner som uttryck av deliberativ demokrati." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443560.
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Rätten till politisk delaktighet skapar möjligheter för medborgare att göra anspråk på sina mänskliga rättigheter, och därmed möjliggör för medborgare att påverka sina levnadsförhållanden. Frånvaron av möjligheter till att delta och att kunna påverka beslut är därmed ett betydande rättighetsproblem. Uppsatsen har sin start i den politiska ojämlikheten som har påvisats i Sverige, där den allmänna rösträtten inte verkar räcka till för att garantera politisk jämlikhet. I utredningar föreslås medborgardialog som en lösning. Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka om medborgardialoger, initierade av Hallstahammars kommun och Västerås stad, kan förstås som ett uttryck av deliberativ demokrati. För att studera detta avgränsades deliberativ demokrati till fem normativa deliberativa ideal; argumentation, inkludering, jämlikhet, transparens och beslutspåverkan. Dessa ideal ses som rimliga villkor för deliberativ demokrati och har mätts mot kommunernas medborgardialoger med hjälp av en kvalitativ fallstudie med textanalys. Uppsatsens resultat visar på att medborgardialog kan förstås som ett uttryck för deliberativ demokrati när det gäller en del normativa villkor, men i det stora hela så brister medborgardialogerna i de utvalda deliberativa idealen. Hallstahammars kommun är ett uttryck deliberativ demokrati i större utsträckning än Västerås stad. Kommunernas fortsatta arbete med att utveckla medborgardialoger är därför av största vikt och i synnerhet genom att utveckla riktlinjer och strategier explicit för att främja den politiska jämlikheten för samtliga kommunmedborgare. Uppsatsen har resulterat i en sammanfattande guide för att genomföra medborgardialoger med deliberativa kvalitéer.The right to political participation creates opportunities for citizens to claim their human rights, thereby enabling citizens to influence their living conditions. The absence of opportunities to participate and to be able to influence decisions is therefore a significant human rights problem. The paper starts with the political inequality that has been demonstrated in Sweden, where voting rights does not seem to be enough to guarantee political equality. In studies, citizen dialogues are proposed as a solution. The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether citizen dialogues, initiated by Hallstahammar municipality and Västerås municipality, can be understood as an expression of deliberative democracy. To study this, deliberative democracy was limited to five normative deliberative ideals: argumentation, inclusion, equality, transparency and decision-making influence. These ideals are reasonable conditions for deliberative democracy and have been measured against municipal citizen dialogues in a qualitative case study using text analysis as a tool. The result of the study shows that citizen dialogues can be understood as an expression of deliberative democracy when it comes to some normative conditions, but overall, the citizen dialogues lack in the chosen ideals. Hallstahammar municipality is an expression of deliberative democracy to a greater extent than Västerås municipality. The continued work of municipalities in developing citizen dialogues is therefore of the utmost importance and by developing guidelines and strategies explicitly to promote political equality for all municipal citizens. The study has resulted in a guide to conduct citizen dialogues with deliberative qualities.
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McCray, Jacquelyn Yvonne. "Civic Deliberative Dialogue and the Topic of Race: Exploring the Lived Experience of Everyday Citizens and Their Encounters with Tension and Conflict." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1400249625.
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Mthembu, Bhekisisa Jacob. "The role of leadership in implementing service delivery initiatives: a case study of Buffalo City Municipality." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003902.
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In terms of the South African Government Structure, Local Government is entrusted with the service delivery mandate. Furthermore, Local Government, being the closest sphere of government to the people, is expected to enhance service delivery to the communities within its jurisdiction. Local Government has for the past four years, undergone numerous transformation processes, ranging from Local Authorities, to Transitional Local Councils and to Municipalities. Having mentioned that, Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality, in particular, has recently acquired metropolitan status, which requires another transformation protocol. At the same time this automatically raises the bar on the service delivery expectations by the communities. In general, Local Government has been extensively supported by the National and Provincial Governments to deliver superior services to communities. This has happened through numerous pieces of legislations such as the Municipal Structures Act 117 of 1998, the Municipal Systems Act 32 of 2000, the Municipal Finance Management Act 56 of 2003 and the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, act 108 of 1996. In 1997, the South African Government introduced a White Paper on the Transformation of the Public Service. This was to re-emphasis on the performance enhancing role of both the political and administrative leadership in the implementation of service delivery mandates. The need was identified that communities require an assurance that their needs are taken care of by the leadership of the municipalities. It is therefore the role of leadership to ensure effective implementation of service delivery initiatives and to promote a culture of performance among the administrative officials of the municipality. The aim of this study is to critically investigate the role of leadership: A case study of Buffalo City Metropolitan Municipality (BCMM), with the view that BCMM is considered one of the high capacity municipalities within the Eastern Cape Province. During the literature review, it became evident that different people and scholars, dating back in the early 90’s, view leadership in different forms. In sourcing the information for this research, structured interviews were conducted with five Directors, five Executive Mayoral Councillors and five Ward Councillors. The interviews were an extensive consultation process which resulted in over 30 hours of engagement with research participants, with an average of 2 hours per structured interview. A four week period was allocated and effectively utilised for this exercise. The research provides recommendations for further research on other related components of the subject such as the intended role as compared to the current role fulfilled by both administrative and political leadership, and suggested solutions to the current problems in Municipalities, in order to ensure their sustainability within Local Government. The research findings identified the need for the leadership to take the leading role in service delivery initiatives in order to address the service delivery challenges in local government. Political leadership need to enhance the public participation process to ensure the community is on board regarding the progress of their respective projects and planning processes.
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"Public Participation and the Impact of Third-Party Facilitators." Doctoral diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.17903.
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abstract: Research suggests that a particularly important variable in determining success in public participation is the presence of a facilitator. Data from a study of 239 public participation case studies is analyzed using descriptive and statistical analysis to determine the impact on success of the participation efforts if a facilitator is present and whether or not internal versus external facilitators have a significant impact on success. The data suggest that facilitators have a positive impact on the success of public participation efforts and, in particular, that public participation efforts that use facilitators are more successful when the facilitator is a third-party intermediary (external) versus a member of the lead agency's staff (internal).Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Public Administration 2013
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Chitambo, Beritha Ruth. "The expectations of mothers regarding community participation in antenatal care at the Chinamhora Clinic in Goromonzi District, Zimbabwe." Diss., 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/16538.
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Community participation has been hailed as the panacea for most community programmes.
Community participation at high levels empowers communities, increases self-reliance, selfawareness
and confidence in self-examination of problems and seeking solutions for them
Behavioural changes are promoted and utilisation and support of services is facilitated, which is
of great importance in antenatal care and generally in this present day of HIV/AIDS. The
purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which women were participating in the
provision of antenatal care. Secondly, the study sought the pregnant women's perceptions and
expectations regarding their participation in the provision of antenatal care and to find out at
what level if any, the women wanted to be involved in the provision of antenatal care.
The theoretical model guiding this study was Rifkin' s model for evaluating community
participation. A guided interview was conducted with 30 conveniently selected pregnant
mothers residing in the area of the Chinamhora clinic. The results indicated limited participation
in the five process indicators of community participation.
However, all the women regarded community participation as being important. The majority of
the women wished to be involved at high levels of participation.
The results of this study should be valuable to health care professionais in formulating strategies
and modifying existing programmes to enhance community participation, with the
decentralisation of health services in Zimbabwe.Health Studies
M.A. (Advanced Nursing Sciences)
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Mothepu, Thabang Azael. "Citizen participation in policy and planning process in local government in Lesotho : a case of Qacha's Nek." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/10597.
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The study focuses and explores citizen participation in the policy and planning process in local government in Lesotho. The study argues that citizen participation in the policy and planning process is important. This is because it is through citizen participation that the government is rendered accountable and responsive to the needs of the local community. Secondly, citizen participation is important in that it helps in the deepening of democracy. In Lesotho, citizen participation has been encouraged by the different governments since the era of Moshoeshoe to the present regime. Lesotho held the first democratic local government elections in 2005. One of the objectives of introducing local government is to foster citizen participation in policy and planning processes.
The interviews conducted reveal that citizen participation is taking place even though at a minute degree. Several challenges exist in local government that hinder active and effective citizen participation in local government in Lesotho. One of the major challenges impeding citizen participation is the statutory framework regulating citizens’ participation in local government. This study has found that there is no direct legal or policy framework regulating or enforcing citizen participation in local government. Coupled with this challenge is another crucial challenge relating to the structure and mechanisms that are used for citizen participation. The study reveals that the structures and mechanisms are not adequate to enhance and encourage citizen participation.
Pursuant to this, the study proposes some reforms with a view to improving citizen participation in Lesotho. Firstly, the study proposes that the policy and legislative frameworks be improved so as to provide enough scope and space for citizen participation. These frameworks should provide for adequate structures, mechanisms as well as processes and areas that can improve citizen participation in local government. Secondly, crucial instruments for community participation in planning such as the IDP, budget process and the performance management in South African context can be designed with specific cognisance of the structures established. Thirdly, the government must encourage, educate and sensitize citizens to actively take part in local government, through capacity building programmes. It can take the advantage of the NGOs already working with the communities and citizens as a strategy to enhance citizen participation.Public Administration & Management
M. Admin. (Public Administration)
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Tigan, Mark T. "Citizen participation in United States Department of Housing and Urban Development programs: From the Great Society to the New Federalism." 2005. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3193948.
Full textAbstract:
This research examines the dynamic and significant shift in citizen participation (CP) that has occurred in the U.S. over the past forty years, permeating all aspects of community development. Since the era of The Great Society in the 1960s, local governments' broad and widespread citizen participation in the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's (HUD) Model Cities Program (MCP) has evolved into more narrow, function-oriented representation by nonprofits extensively employing the resources of HUD's Community Development Block Grant (CDBG) program. The CDBG program was heralded as the key component of the New Federalism in the 1980s and 1990s. Two major platforms of the New Federalism were devolution of regulatory power and privatization of governmental responsibilities. Research indicates that calls for political devolution and privatization of federal government programs precipitated the emergence of the private nonprofit sector's role in community planning and development programs. Increasingly, federal funding (e.g. CDBG) has been channeled into the private nonprofit sector, represented by Community Based Organizations (CBOs) and their derivatives, such as Community Development Corporations (CDCs). Since the Model Cities Program, citizen participation---viewed then as horizontally integrated in the function of "planning"---has extended vertically, with the expanded involvement of CBOs in program conceptualization, program budgeting and activity implementation, arguably to the detriment of general pluralistic citizen empowerment, especially if the nonprofit boards have become more 'elite' in their composition and orientation. Based on the key assumption that citizen participation is generally beneficial to both citizenry and government, this research substantiates the researcher's argument that the nonprofit sector plans and operates governmental programs on a more vertically integrated basis (e.g. conceptualizing, planning, budgeting, and implementation), while more broad-based and pluralistic participation is often marginalized to the public hearing process in the preliminary planning phase. This research study examines that trend and concludes that, if it continues unchecked, the evolution represents a negative transformation of CP. Included in the dissertation is an extensive analysis of the author's theoretical framework---built, in part, on an analysis of the scholarly literature---for evaluating citizen participation and the effects of nonprofit privatization on CP.
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"Fostering Citizen Participation Though Innovative Mechanisms in Governance, Policy, And Decision Making Process: Comparing Washington D.C. and Seoul." Doctoral diss., 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.9052.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: This research examines the use of innovative mechanisms for encouragement of citizen participation in the governance, policy, and decision making processes using case studies of Washington, DC, the United States and Seoul, South Korea for comparison. The research illustrates ways of encouraging development of citizen participation using innovative mechanisms through comparative study. This research used a comparative case study of the two cities which focuses on how the two governments apply ICTs and foster citizen participation, what similarities and differences there are between the two city governments' performance and practices, and what may cause these similarities and differences. For the research, websites and citizen participation practices of Washington, DC and Seoul using innovative technologies - Citizen Summit and Seoul Oasis - are reviewed and compared using the categories of general capacity, actor, legal aspect, management, and evaluation. As capitals of the United States and South Korea, Washington, DC and Seoul lead the encouragement of citizen participation, and the two cities' specific practices are recognized as exemplary. The findings describe encouragement of citizen participation using innovative technologies in governance, policy, and decision making processes of Washington, DC and Seoul as well as similarities and differences. Both cities commonly use Government 2.0. Through Government 2.0, citizens can participate and influence the results and effects of policy. Also, governments secure transparency, legitimacy, and efficiency through direct communication with citizens. The study illustrates how citizen participation using innovative technologies can support civic engagement in local government. Strong leadership of the mayor is a common driving force of the two cities in initiating and implementing the Citizen Summit and Seoul Oasis. Different contexts of the two cities influence ways to initiate and utilize innovative technologies. Washington, DC implemented a practice combining public meeting and small group discussion using innovative technologies. On the other hand, Seoul initiated a new citizen participation practice based on the Internet. The results of the research show that innovative mechanisms allow adopting new government-citizen relationships in both cities.Dissertation/Thesis
Ph.D. Public Administration 2011
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Martin, Peter Jacob. "Public participation in the policy making and planning processes in a South African Metropolitan Municipality." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/26626.
Full textAbstract:
The Constitution, 1996 requires that the public participate in policy making and planning in local government. To ensure compliance, legislation prescribes that local government needs to establish mechanisms, processes and procedures for public participation. However, neither the Constitution, 1996 nor legislation describes what public participation is, and how it should be implemented. Moreover, different people view public participation differently. There is thus a lack of definition and implementation of public participation in the policy making and planning processes of local government. To understand what public participation means, a conceptual analysis was conducted, resulting in the delivery of a working definition of public participation. The definition conveyed indicators of public participation, namely, the public, the levels of participation, the mechanisms for participation, the scope of participation and public influence in decision-making in participation. These indicators were studied qualitatively for description in a metropolitan municipality in South Africa in a single case study using multiple methods. The methods used were a survey questionnaire, a document study and analysis and an interview questionnaire. The findings indicate that the public who participated in the policy making and planning processes in the metropolitan municipality were mainly advantaged instead of disadvantaged people. They participated at the levels of informing, consulting, implementing, and reviewing. Public participation was not attained at the levels of educating, deciding and reporting back. The study established that the municipality employed various public participation mechanisms for informing and consulting the public. The scope of public participation was found to be reasonably broad. Though evidence suggests that the public participated in decisions pertaining to budget ward allocations, no evidence could be found that the public had an influence in decision-making in participation on the whole. It was found that public officials had the influence over public participation decision-making while politicians had the final say.Public Administration and Management
M. Admin. (Public Administration)
49
Khuzwayo, Sipho Zephaniah. "The effectiveness of youth participation in the integrated development planning formulation process in the Umzumbe Municipality." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/9687.
Full textAbstract:
The abolishment of apartheid government, brought a new era of democratic
government in South Africa, which sought to recognise the rights of all people
and restored their dignity. The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa was
promulgated in 1996. Fundamental to this is the Bill of Rights which is a
cornerstone of democracy in South Africa. It enshrines the rights of all people in
our country and affirms the democratic values of human dignity, equality and
freedom. Chapter 7 of the Constitution, as part of the objects of local
government, encourages the involvement of communities in the matters of local
government. Besides the Constitution, there are various pieces of local
government of legislation, which deals with the administration component of the
municipality and which provides for the political establishment of municipalities.
Legislation calls for municipalities to develop a culture of community
participation and requires municipalities to encourage and create conditions for
participation in the affairs of the municipality in formulating Integrated
Development Plans.
Using Umzumbe Municipality under the auspices of Ugu District Municipality as
case study, the study critically examined the effectiveness of youth participation
in municipal ward Integrated Development Plan (IDP) formulation process. It
focused on examining the attitudes and experience of youth in participating on
IDP formulation processes. The study also examined the extent to which the
youth participation guiding principles have been implemented and evaluate the
effectiveness of existing youth structures. This study also investigated the level
of youth understanding on the powers and functions of different spheres of
government.
The lack of youth participation in service delivery projects will defeat the
democratic constitutional imperatives, which are also enshrined in municipal
legislation. The issues raised by this study determines as to whether the
regulatory and legislative frameworks are understood by the youth, and also this
study will evaluate, the effectiveness of the existing youth participation
mechanisms at a municipal at a ward level.Thesis (MPA)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, 2011.
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Babooa, Sanjiv Kumar. "Public participation in the making and implementation of policy in Mauritius with reference to Port Louis' local government." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/3064.
Full textAbstract:
The central issue of this study revolves around public participation in the making and implementation of policy in Mauritius, particularly at the Port Louis’ local government. Public participation is regarded as one of the milestones of democracy and local governance. Local government provides an ideal forum for allowing participatory democracy to flourish as it is closest to the inhabitants. The question of what are the levels of public participation in the making and implementation of policy in Mauritius with reference to the Port Louis’ local government formed the core element of the problem statement of the thesis. Following this, the hypothesis is stated. Attention is devoted on the four objectives of the research questions: What are the key concepts that relate to public participation in the making and implementation of policy at local government level; what impact does the Constitution of the Republic of Mauritius Amendment, 2003 (Act 124 of 2003) and the New Local Government Act, 2005 (Act 23 of 2005) have on public participation in the making and implementation of policy in Mauritius, particularly at the Port Louis’ local government and what modes of public participation are used in the making and implementation of policy at the Port Louis’ local government; and what are the main factors that influence public participation in the making and implementation of policy at the Port Louis’ local government? Within the thesis, the research findings obtained from the questionnaire; and the interviews are analysed and interpreted. Ultimately, in view of the arguments presented in this thesis an attempt was made to provide some recommendations on public participation in the making and implementation of policy in Mauritius, particularly at the Port Louis’ local government.Public Administration
D.P.A)