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1
Meiring, Rouxnette. "Framed: COP17 on South African television." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/19519.
Full textAbstract:
The media have a critical role to play in informing and changing public opinion on climate change, "the defining human development issue of our generation" (United Nations Development Programme for Human Development Report, 2008, 1). Developing countries are most likely to suffer the worst effects of climate change, yet few studies exist on climate change communication in the media in developing countries and in particular in Africa. Studies on climate change communication in the media focus mostly on the print media and on developed countries, yet in Africa, more people consume their news through television or radio. So far, no study has examined television news reports of a United Nations Conference of the Parties in Africa. This study examines the way four South African television news stations (three public and one private) framed climate change news over six weeks: two weeks before, during and after the 17th United Nations Conferences of the Parties in Durban (COP17) South Africa, 2011/11/07 – 2012/01/07. Coding words were used to identify climate change stories in the main newscasts on SABC 1, 2, 3 and e.tv each day. These were transcribed and in the cases of SABC1 and 2 broadcasts translated from three indigenous languages (Afrikaans, isiXhosa and isiZulu) into English. A quantitative, descriptive statistical analysis looked at the occurrence of four primary frames in these climate change stories, using binary coding questions to identify each frame. The results in the binary coding sheets were analysed by using spreadsheets. The coding questions were also used to identify and explore secondary and additional frames, which were then illustrated in graphs. Differences in framing between public and private television were also illustrated in graphs (for example local versus foreign stories, time devoted to stories, depth of stories and occurrence of climate change stories with a human angle). Secondly, a qualitative inductive analysis of text and visual material looked at links between frames (for example the link between extreme weather conditions and human action using cause and impact visuals, as well as the link between news image and source – the framing of the politician, the activist and the scientist.) This section also looked at emotionally anchoring images of hope and guilt and the role of banners, posters and maps in climate change stories on television. Though other studies claim that coverage of the summit was "almost invisible" (Finlay 2012, 16) this study shows very high coverage on especially SABC 1 (isiXhosa and isiZulu). The following hypotheses were confirmed: the political/economic frame will dominate on all stations during COP17 but the ecological frame will be highest on at least some stations in the weeks after COP17. The ethics frame will be dominated by the secondary "Inequality/Justice" frame while the "Religion" frame will be of minimal importance. When activists set the agenda, the motivational frame will hardly feature. Climate change scepticism will receive little attention on South African television. Local (South African and African) stories will be more prominent on public television than on private television.
2
Dlamini, Tula. "Whither state, private or public service broadcasting? : an analysis of the construction of news on ZBC TV during the 2002 presidential election campaign in Zimbabwe." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1008257.
Full textAbstract:
The study sets out to examine the television coverage of the 2002 presidential campaign in Zimbabwe by examining the extent to which the Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation fulfilled the mandate of public service broadcasting. The primary objective of this study is to assess how ZBC television newscasts mediated pluralistic politics in the coverage of the country's presidential election campaign, in line with the normative public sphere principles. The thesis comprises seven chapters organized, first, with an introductory chapter, which provides the general background of the study. The chapter offers the rationale for the focus on TV rather than other media fomls . There are two theoretical and contextual chapters in which the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods is explained and findings are presented. Finally, the conclusion offers recommendations about the form broadcasting might take to fulfil a public service mandate and these include the strengthening of the public service broadcasting model along normative public sphere principles. The findings of the analysed election newscasts confirm that ZBC television election news was constructed in favour of ZANU PF at the expense of voices from other social and political constituencies.KMBT_363
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3
Khan, Md Abdur Razzaque. "Private television ownership in Bangladesh : a critical qualitative inquiry." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/195981.
Full textAbstract:
Private television channels in Bangladesh have become a part of ruling parties’ politics. Without ruling party’s agreement none can get license of private television channels. Whenever a party goes to power it tries to give licenses to its cronies violating rules and regulations. It is an open secret in Bangladesh society. But the beginning of the private televisions in Bangladesh was a promising one. The first three channels--ATN Bangla, Channel-I and ETV-- got licences in a proper way during the first regime of Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh Awami League (AL) (1996-2001). Political ownership of private television was initiated by Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) when it came to power at the end of 2001. The present AL government, after it came to power again in 2008, has been following the same path of political ownership in giving private television licences. The whole licencing process of private television is enveloped by a strong and vivid system of Crony Capitalism. Only the cronies who are very close to the chief of the ruling party or chief of the government are provided with the private television licences. That is the unwritten rule in giving private television licences in present Bangladesh. The private television owners in Bangladesh are businessmen cum politicians and politicians cum businessmen. There is a symbiotic relationship between politics and private television as well as private television owners and other businessmen in Bangladesh. The owners enjoy a status quo for their channels. It brings them very close to ruling party elites. This prompts other businessmen to invest in private televisions with political connections. If a well-funded investor proves her or his unquestionable loyalty to the ruling party or can earn the trust from the ruling party elites then s/he will be given licence. Most of the owners of private television channels belong to the two major political parties of Bangladesh, the two opponents – Bangladesh Awami League (AL) and Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP).
The working journalists in private channels try to maintain their professionalism in news reporting. But sometime they have to compromise with the owners’ interests – whether it is political, business or familial. Therefore one sort of tension and potential for conflict exits between the private TV channel owners and the working journalists.
The study is a qualitative inquiry applying critical theory in a broad perspective, and the critical political economy of communication and media in a specific theoretical framework. It tries to answer the following questions: who are the owners of private television channels? What are the reasons that lead them to invest in the private televisions? What are the licensing procedures of private TVs? What factors influence the professional freedom of TV journalists? How power relations work between owners and journalists, owners and ruling political elites and other stakeholders. The study finds a vicious circle of executive-legislative-media power nexus to use private televisions for owners’ misdemeanors, power abuse, corruption and malpractices. This is a continuous threat to the professional freedom of television journalists in the country. The television owners and the state-power are ready to fire journalists and curtail their professional freedom if journalists do not honor their instruction of do’s and don’ts when it is needed. If a comprehensive policy for dealing with private television is not formulated, then private television will not help Bangladesh’s media democratization process rather it will be threat to democracy.published_or_final_version
Journalism and Media Studies Centre
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
4
Dawes, S. "Broadcasting regulation and the public-private dichotomy." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 2013. http://irep.ntu.ac.uk/id/eprint/74/.
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This thesis is a theoretical and methodological engagement with the extent to which the public-private dichotomy is an appropriate and effective framework within which to critically approach the history of broadcasting regulation in the UK. The critical literature on the subject tends to present a narrative of decline, from an ethos of public service and citizenship, which is presumed to have enabled the public sphere, to a neoliberal faith in market logic and consumer choice, which is accused of undermining it. Much of this discussion is theoretically weakened, however, by a lack of engagement with the relevant literatures, and by the reduction to unitary oppositions between commonsensical terms of what are actually protean distinctions between contentious concepts. Taking this claim as its starting point, the thesis will attempt to clarify the ambiguity of the key concepts of debate on broadcasting regulation, recognising the need for the complexification of distinctions rather than their simplification or abandonment. Although not arguing that the assumptions or conclusions in the dominant literature are incorrect, the aim of the thesis is nevertheless to move away from an approach that identifies public service broadcasting (PSB) with political citizenship and the public sphere, and to explore instead the ways in which the distinction between public and private, and that between citizens and consumers, has always been a negotiated and unresolved process. Consequently, critical engagement with theoretical debates on citizenship, consumption, neoliberalism and the public sphere, as well as with methodological debates on the critical and genealogical approaches to discourse analysis, will be undertaken as a first step towards a more theoretically-informed (and more critical) genealogical account of the history of broadcasting regulation.
5
Godoy-Etcheverry, Sergio. "Chile's market orientated model of public television." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1998. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/946z0/chile-s-market-orientated-model-of-public-television.
Full textAbstract:
The main objective of this dissertation is to provide a comprehensive picture of the evolution and current performance of the market-oriented model of public service television in Chile. The focus is largely on the commercially-funded stateowned television network, Television Nacional de Chile (TVN). This thesis argues that Public Service Broadcasting (PSB) is still valid and necessary, yet the means to achieve this ideal have evolved and require some fresh thinking; such as the way forward provided by this case study. This work attempts to describe TVN's main political, economical, and managerial characteristics when delivering PSB according to television law, considering the evolution of the media in Chile and Latin America. For this purpose, the analysis integrates the political economy of the media from a managerial and regulatory perspective. The work is divided into two main parts. The first explains the current situation of PSB in the industrialised world, and also deals with the peculiar development of Chilean broadcasting within Latin America. The second part is the most important because it assesses the Chilean model at its present state. Nowadays TVN is an influential counterweight to authoritarian entrenchments as well as a booster of innovation and growth of the audio-visual sector. Its promarket orientation prevents traditional forms of government manipulation, it is coherent with overall macroeconomic policy, and introduces awareness for the audience's preferences. But this case also has important contradictions that need to be dealt with in order to enhance its contribution to social welfare and democracy. The thesis assumes that PSB -a Western European concept- has been possible in Chile because of a relatively extended republican tradition, and because of the effectiveness and probity of its public institutions. Nevertheless, as a developing country Chile has also suffered poverty, economic instability, and a prolonged military dictatorship (1973-1990) among other problems. These factors explain the differences between Chilean public television and its counterparts in the industrialised world, yet at the same time they reveal a special need for such a service despite all the technological changes that are taking place.
6
Harper, Sandra S. "A Content Analysis of Public Broadcasting Service Television Programming." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc330669/.
Full textAbstract:
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is the description of the social map that is presented to the viewers of public television. Using content analysis methodology, the study describes how different genders, racial groups, and age groups are being portrayed on PBS programming. The sample consisted of one week of PBS 1984 fall programming broadcast on KERA-TV, the PBS station in Dallas-Ft. Worth, Texas. Research questions addressing proportions of groups, types of roles, length of scenes, occupational variation, conversational behaviors, conflict management modes, and cultural norms were answered. All coding was accomplished by the principal investigator. Upon completion of the coding sub-totals for the variables under study by program types and a grand total for the entire sample were then tabulated. After this extensive content analysis, the report concludes that females are still extremely underrepresented in PBS programming, accounting for only 32.7% of the total participants. Blacks and Hispanics are also underrepresented except in children's programming. Occupational variation for white males is evident for all types of PBS programming. Occupational variation for white females is evident in children's programming and informational/documentary programming. Minorities with delineated occupations are extremely limited in all types of programming except for children's programming. The exchange of information is the major conversational behavior that occurs on PBS programming with minority characters receiving orders considerably more than their white counterparts. Verbal aggression is the conflict management mode chosen most frequently on PBS programming. Explicit messages regarding racial and sexual equality and prosocial behavior occur on PBS programming. Implicit messages such as frequency of appearances, number of major roles, and prevalence of power cues suggest a white male domination of television programming on PBS. The findings of the study reveal that major inroads have been made by women and minorities in children's programming. This comprehensive analysis confirms, however, the virtual exclusion of minorities in major segments of PBS programming.
7
Andersson, Mattis. "Manipulating an Interactive Era : Public Participation in Television News Broadcasting." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för kultur och kommunikation, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-10048.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: To investigate how new technologies and new media possibilities are converging into older forms of mass media and examine the flow of cross platform communication and its implications with gatekeeping. Questions at Issue: How is gatekeeping involved in the process of broadcasting the internet discussion? How do television gatekeepers pre-mediate and script the online discussion? Is the convergence process allowing access for the participatory culture, making televised information less hierarchical? Theory: Gatekeeping controls the flow of information distributed through media to its audience. Gatekeeping is a selective process, using different mechanisms to filter information. Method: A semi-structured interview was conducted with an editor at the Swedish TV4 program Nyheterna. Additionally, through a content analysis proceeding the comments found on the TV4 forum submitted by participants of the convergence process were collected and compared to the comments broadcast in television. Results: The material showed that out of 319 comments, in total, 39 where broadcast; only 19 of the 39 comments could be traced back to the forum. The comments had also been manipulated in the convergence process. Despite new technologies traditional gatekeeping mechanisms control the flow of information. Summary: Further research needs to be done to fully investigate the impact of new technologies and explore whether their participants have influence during the gatekeeping process.
8
Light, Julie J. "Television channel identity : the role of channels in the delivery of public service television in Britain, 1996-2002." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3939/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the developing role of television channels in the delivery of public service broadcasting in Britain, 1996-2002. Starting from a hypothesis that channels are distinct television products in their own right and increasingly important in organising how broadcasters think about their audiences, it argues that channels have identities expressed through their schedules and determined by their relationship to genre and target audience. Based on research at the BBC (from 1998 - 2002), involving interviews with key staff and the analysis of BBC documents, this study examines the television broadcasting functions of commissioning, scheduling, marketing and audience research. It illustrates how these activities created specific identities for television channels and how these identities shaped the programming that reached television screens. It reveals how channels became increasingly important in the television landscape as buyers in a more demand-led commissioning economy and acted as a focus for the creation of media brands. It then discusses how the evolution of a channel portfolio enabled each channel to play a specific role in fulfilling public service obligations and looks at how different models of audience emerged in relation to the different public service television channels, charting the decline of the mass audience and the emergence of the visualisation of audiences in a more individualised way. The thesis concludes by addressing some implications of these developments. It looks at how the different models of audience in circulation affect debates about quality television, and how changing ideas about the construction of public service channels may impact on the regulation of broadcasting. Finally, it explores the effect of multiple channels, each targeted at specific audiences, on the concept of a unitary public sphere and speculates that channels have the potential to underpin the creation of multiple imagined communities.
9
Hung, Hiu-yin Gladys. "Reform of Radio Television Hong Kong issues, concerns and prospects /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36439113.
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10
Henderson, Jane. "Decade of denial : the CRTC, the public interest, and pay television, 1972-1982." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=59394.
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The ten year debate over the introduction of pay television in Canada is addressed using the concept of external signals to examine the interactions between the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (CRTC) and the players in the regulatory environment.A critique of the notions of "public interest" and of regulatory "capture" precedes the analysis. An historical overview establishes the key issues shaping the nature of the CRTC as a signal-sending and signal-receiving institution.
The evidence demonstrates that the CRTC was not a passive receptor of external signals, but actively shaped and directed or deflected incoming signals according to its own public priorities. The conclusion holds that the traditional capture model does adequately describe the CRTC's behaviour as it attempted to manage the complex political and technological forces surrounding the pay television issue.
11
Schaap, Rob, and n/a. "Pay television : overseas experiences and Australian options." University of Canberra. Communication, 1991. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061107.171016.
Full textAbstract:
The issue of pay television has generated a plethora of reports and
submissions from politicians, bureaucrats and industrialists for a decade.
That the issue is not yet resolved is the result of many factors, all of which
serve to highlight the structural complexities of the Australian electronic
media system. At the political level, social policy is in a state of transition
and broadcasting policy has reflected this. The Australian Broadcasting
Corporation (ABC) and the Special Broadcasting Service (SBS) have been
forced to reappraise their roles as public broadcasters. The commercial
networks have seen their reserves and their profitability deteriorate
drastically in an environment of poor management, fluctuating government
policy and a depressed national economy. The Australian Broadcasting
Tribunal (ABT), the federal regulator of commercial broadcasting, is
struggling to adapt to these new circumstances, and is confronted by new
challenges to its powers and responsibilities.
Ideally, a discussion on the introduction of pay television would be conducted
within the context of a comprehensive and established federal broadcasting
policy. Basic to this thesis is the perception that no such policy exists. It is
left to the analyst to speculate as to the intentions evident in Government
initiatives, suggest the potential impact of pay television in that light, and
offer constructive criticism accordingly.
This thesis recognises that pay television seems inevitable as both major
political parties are committed, in principle at least, to its introduction. This
thesis sets itself the following objectives: to identify the salient components
that serve to define pay television; to develop and employ a methodology to
extract lessons from the experiences of others with pay television, whilst
remaining sensitive to historical and structural context; to apply those
lessons to the Australia condition; and to make recommendations on the
introduction of pay television, based on both the definitional and comparative
work of this thesis, within the context of contemporary Government
deliberations, as evident in the Report from the House of Representatives
Standing Committee on Transport, Communications and Infrastructure of
November 1989.
12
Wei, Jing-Huey, and n/a. "A case study in the introduction of cable television : Taiwan, television and the international context." University of Canberra. Communication, 1993. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061110.121240.
Full textAbstract:
Taiwan's new media have developed quickly since the mid-1980s.
However, media legislation has lagged behind the introduction of new
media technologies. For instance, the wide-spread but still entirely illegal
cable television-linked service, the Fourth Channel, is a unique feature of
the development of new media in Taiwan. This idiosyncratic situation in Taiwan's media industry cannot be simply described as due to the rapid
development of technology. The aim of this thesis is to provide a context
in which to examine the development of television broadcasting and the
introduction of cable and satellite television in Taiwan and its
idiosyncratic nature.
This thesis (1) explores the major factors in influencing the
development of the television system in Taiwan; (2) identifies the
similarities and differences of the introduction and development of
television, cable and satellite television systems between Taiwan and the
United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Japan and Hong Kong;
and (3) analyses the implications of the introduction of new media (cable
and satellite television) in Taiwan.
The study reveals that Taiwan's television system has been heavily
influenced by its unique sociopolitical, economic and cultural
circumstances. As a result, a particular form of the television system,
which does not fit into the models provided by the five selected case
studies, has developed in Taiwan.
13
Hung, Hiu-yin Gladys, and 洪曉燕. "Reform of Radio Television Hong Kong: issues,concerns and prospects." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36439113.
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14
Cross, Simon. "Mediating madness : mental illness and public discourse in current affairs television." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7252.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines the public character of television and the various ways it works as communication. Drawing on a case study of recent British current affairs programmes dealing with mental health issues it explores the interplay between television form and content. The first part acknowledges television as the pivotal medium of the contemporary public sphere and situates its various organisations of language and imagery at the heart of programme makers' attempts to produce meaningful and entertaining programmes. Against the grain of those who see television as an arational technology, a case is made for its relevance as a vocal space for all citizens. However, in the historical context of British broadcasting, the differential distribution of communicative entitlements entreats us to view access to discursive space as a principle which soon runs up against its limits. The second half of this thesis explores the shortcomings of this system in relation to `expert' and lay people's access to a public voice on mental health issues. The recent transition from the asylum to Community Care invites an intermingling of voices in which the authority of this or that brand of professional knowledge cannot be taken for granted. The re-entry of ex-mental patients into the community also provides programme makers with opportunities to promote new forms of social solidarity based on `thick descriptions' of the person rather than the patient. The case-study presented here suggests however, that participation in televised forms of debate and argumentation does not match the promises of post-modem rhetoric. Despite the airing of new voices and the presentation of new controversies, British television's treatment of mental illness continues to revolve around established hierarchies of knowledge and a depiction of the (ex-)mental patient as less than a fully cognizant citizen. Visual techniques play a crucial role in this process. By recycling familiar images of madness as dangerous and unpredictable, people with a history of schizophrenic illness remain enmeshed in a web of psychiatric 'otherness' which undermines their credibility as speakers.
15
Christensen, Christian Örtendahl. "Public service and commercial television news in Sweden ideas and influences /." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3036584.
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Lingnau, Alina. "Public Service Television and Young Audiences in Germany and Sweden : An Explorative Study About Young Audiences’ Opinion about and Use of Television and Public Service Broadcasting." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för mediestudier, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-77674.
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In the Swedish and German media landscapes public service broadcasters are well-established. Young people however prefer private channels which leads to a legitimization problem for the public service broadcasters because they do not reach the whole population. When airing popular programmes on the other hand, they are criticized for not being distinguishable from commercial competitors. This problem is intensifying by current technological developments and the need to redefine public service broadcasting. This study investigates the young audiences’ use of and opinion about public service broadcasters against the social and technological background of their media use. Therefore semi-structured interviews were carrying out with Swedish and German adolescents. The findings suggest that even though differences in the two countries’ public service channels are obvious, the young people’s opinion about them are quite similar; they appreciate the high quality news and information programmes but hardly connect the public service channels to entertainment which is the kind of programming they are most interested in and therefore they do not necessarily belong to the young people’s media repertoires. The study illustrates the public service broadcasters’ need to adjust their content more to the audiences’ desires and to more explicitly take young people into account while at the same time sticking to their core competences of high quality informative programmes.
17
Reid, Donald, and n/a. "Cultural citizenship and the TVNZ charter : the possibility for multicultural representation in the commercial television environment." University of Otago. Department of Communication Studies, 2006. http://adt.otago.ac.nz./public/adt-NZDU20070627.112747.
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Summary: Implemented in 2003, the TVNZ Charter is a one-page document that outlines the broadcaster�s objectives to deliver programming that represents New Zealand�s ethnically and socially diverse population. This thesis will examine issues surrounding the representation of diversity especially in the context of the state-commercial television network. Using the notion of �cultural citizenship�, or the demand from minority groups within a society to be represented and included in the institutions of the state, I will examine how TVNZ is attempting to meaningfully represent New Zealand as a bicultural society and a multicultural society, while remaining commercially focused. This thesis argues that institutions of the state, of which the media is the most visible and, possibly, the most pervasive, always function as a tool of society�s dominant culture, therefore any bicultural or multicultural inclusion represented on TVNZ will always be controlled, and be at the discretion, of that singular dominant cultural force.
18
Syvertsen, Trine. "Public television in transition : a comparative and historical analysis of the BBC and the NRK." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/27779.
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The present study is a long term structural analysis of how broadcasting systems develop and change. The analysis focuses primarily on the establishment and development of public service television in Britain and Norway, and combines two different approaches: broadcasting policy studies and historical analysis. The study has been based mainly on documentary sources: Official publications, comments on broadcasting policy from various groups and interested parties, and material published by the two broadcasting corporations (the BBC and the NRK). The study has produced results on two levels: Firstly, it has identified a series of similar processes and alliances in the two countries in connection with the establishment and development of broadcasting systems. Secondly, it has produced detailed results regarding the present crisis for public broadcasting in the two countries. The study has demonstrated that while the privileges of the BBC and the NRK have been undermined, they are still expected to fulfil many of their original obligations, obligations which in turn have become more difficult to fulfil. These developments have presented the corporation with difficult challenges regarding both their financial bases and their social legitimacy. The corporations have both responded these challenges with a dual strategy: On the one hand they have attempted to improve their financial balances and adapt to market-standards, whereas on the other they have strengthened their commitment to some of the areas which they have seen as crucial to their identity as public broadcasters. While these strategies may be successful in the short term, however, they may produce new challenges in the long term.
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Konuslu, Firat. "Production And Labor Process Of The Contemporary Turkish Private Television Series." Master's thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614688/index.pdf.
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This thesis focuses on one of the most appreciated products of the Turkish Television, the TV Series'production and labor process. Starting from the fact that the production side of this highly attention gathering media product hasn'
t received too much academic concern, by analyzing the workers of the sector, this point is tried to be illuminated. This thesis that analyzes TV series'
working conditions in the perspective of &ldquo
precarious employment&rdquo
departing from this framework, argues the workers of the industry are fragmented into two groups, &ldquo
creative&rdquo
and &ldquo
technical&rdquo
workers. In this context it indicates the creative workers not only as not being affected from the precarious employment conditions too much but also as the executor of the technical workers'
experience of precariousness in the production level.
20
Haberkorn, Judi T. "A poverty of information public health and the local television news /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 135 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1617911421&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Owen, Jenny. "Crisis or renewal : the origins, evolution and future of public service broadcasting 1922 to 1996." Thesis, University of Westminster, 1996. https://westminsterresearch.westminster.ac.uk/item/948yy/crisis-or-renewal-the-origins-evolution-and-future-of-public-service-broadcasting-1922-to-1996.
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In the 1980s the future of public service broadcasting in Britain was called into doubt. Technological developments in cable, satellite and digital technologies were, it was argued, poised to end the condition known as 'spectrum scarcity'; while the emergence of a neo-liberal Conservative government, pledged to rolling back the frontiers of the state', was of the opinion that the current system of public service broadcasting provision was no longer necessary given the number of broadcasting channels now available; broadcasting, in its view, would increasingly be able to mirror the publishing industry in its structure and future regulation. Critics however, were loathe to accept the argument that technological considerations alone ought to drive broadcasting policy; and two key questions emerged. Firstly, how was public service broadcasting to be defended in a climate increasingly hostile to public service ideals and institutions in general; and secondly, and as a result of the first question, how was public service broadcasting to be understood? This thesis seeks to answer both these questions and argues that in the process of clarifying the nature of public service broadcasting in the past, that solutions for its defence in the future will be found. Public service broadcasting, was not, it will be argued, simply about institutions like the BBC, but evidence of a much broader and widely shared (across the political divides) understanding of the proper role of broadcasting in a democratic society (at least until the 1980s). In short, public service broadcasting in the past was never simply a response to a set of technological conditions; instead it was forged from a set of political, economic, Administrative and cultural ideas about the nature of society and broadcasting's role in it; and hence its ability to respond to the new conditions of the 1990s and beyond.
22
Bennett, James. "Your window-on-the-world : interactive television, the BBC and the second shift aesthetics of public service broadcasting." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2424/.
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The impetus for this project was to consider how the digitalisation of television stood as an important moment to re-evaluate key concepts and debates within television studies. To this end, my focus is on public service broadcasting and television studies' textual tradition. I examine how linear models of the television text are challenged, usurped and at times reinforced by interactive television's emergent non-linear, personalisable forms. In so doing, I am concerned to analyse interactive television's textual structures in relation to the BBC's position as a public service broadcaster in the digital television age. Across these two concerns I aim to historicise the moment of digitalisation, drawing on longer positionings of television's technological and cultural form as a 'window-on-the-world'. An introduction is followed by section 1 of the thesis that includes a review of key literature in the field, focusing particularly on work on the 'text' of television studies. The chapters in section 1 mix this review with an historical argument that understand the current digital television era as one of 'excess', placing television at the boundaries of new and old media concerns that can be usefully understood through the presence of a dialectic between television's position as window-on-the-world and its emergent position as 'portal'. Section 1 demonstrates how this dialectic is called up by the prominence of discourses of 'choice' in new media practices and textualities and, more importantly, the debates about public service broadcasting's role in the digital age. As I go on to show in section 2, this dialectic evidences a tension between the 'imaginative journeys' television's window offers and the way in which these are then 'rationalised'. The second half of the thesis maps out emergent textual forms of interactive television by analysing the way choice and mobility are structured, providing a series of case studies in non-fiction television genres. Chapter 4 demonstrates the persistence of key discourses subsumed within the window-on-the-world metaphor in the formation and 'everydaying' of interactive television, elucidating key institutional and gendered tensions in the way these discourses are mobilised in the digital age. In turn, Chapter 5 connects the kinds of mobility promised by interactive television's window to longer historical practices of public institutions regulating spectator movement. Chapter 6 examines how television's window has been explicitly remediated by interactive television, placing it within the 'database' ontologies of computing. Finally Chapter 7 demonstrates the way in which television's window increasingly comes to function as a portal through which to access digital media spaces, such as the Internet. Across the chapters I am concerned to connect the textual and discursive form of each case study to the academic debates and public service concerns of the various applications' generic identity. Although I am interested in the challenges television's digitalisation poses to both public service broadcasting and traditional television studies approaches to the text, a more important motivation has been to re-affirm the role of both in the digital television landscape. Thus through close textual analysis that connects aesthetics with production and regulation, the thesis aims to demonstrate the relevance of television studies and the BBC, as a public service broadcaster, as an 'old media' becomes a 'new' one.
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Cury, Maria Cecília Andreucci. "Limites do público e privado na paisagem midiática televisão pública: cidadania e consumo." Associação Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing, 2009. http://tede2.espm.br/handle/tede/90.
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Previous issue date: 2009-03-17The proposal of this study is to reflect on how public television is perceived by its viewers and the cultural content it is expected to provide. It endeavors to explore the cultural imagination of this mass media segment, by examining its ideal format, the pivotal role it plays and the value attributed to it. In an effort to consolidate these perceptions the study also attempts to evaluate the perceived boundaries that separate the public and private spheres of this section of the mass media landscape, by analyzing the extent to which the sale of private advertising, in an effort to provide public television with financial sustainability, can at the same time provoke ethical concerns among the citizen-viewers. More specifically it aspires to study how the citizen-viewer understands and acknowledges the different forms of financing that are available for a public television system. Then based on qualitative research, the ethical and esthetic questions surrounding Brazilian public television are analyzed by investigating whether or not this society s concept of ideal public television can include advertising
O trabalho propõe-se a refletir sobre como a TV pública é percebida por seu telespectador e seu esperado conteúdo cultural. Busca-se explorar o imaginário cultural deste espaço midiático, sua forma ideal, seu papel e o valor a ele atribuído. Consubstanciando tal entendimento, procura-se ainda avaliar as fronteiras percebidas entre as esferas públicas e privadas nesta paisagem midiática. Pretende-se analisar em que medida a venda de espaços publicitários à iniciativa privada, na estratégia de sustentabilidade financeira da TV pública, pode suscitar preocupações éticas no público-cidadão. Mais especificamente, aspirou-se estudar como o público-cidadão entende e acolhe as diferentes formas de financiamento de um sistema publico de televisão. Com base em pesquisa qualitativa, a autora faz um ensaio sobre questões éticas e estéticas acerca da televisão pública no Brasil, investigando se a concepção de TV pública ideal da sociedade comporta a publicidade
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Rothschild, Arthur Jack. "Beyond market-driven newswork : the relationship of dependency between public relations and local television news /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Imamova, Navbahor T. "Uzbek journalists' view on public broadcasting now and in the future : a Q analysis." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1279111.
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This thesis analyzed the transformation of Uzbek state broadcast media into a public broadcaster. Based on the quantitative data, widely supported by the qualitative research, the researcher assessed that the prospects for public broadcasting in Uzbekistan were not good. The research was based on the responses of 22 Uzbek broadcast journalists and determined their perception of their roles in two time frames: present day and the future.The researcher grouped the respondents, based on their views of their present day roles, into two categories: "Independent Broadcasters" and "Socially Responsible Broadcasters." Independent Broadcasters showed professional confidence, strongly believed in the power of broadcast media and widely. supported the concept of public broadcasting in a transitional political environment.Socially Responsible Broadcasters strongly supported the idea of journalists being held accountable to the public, mostly agreeing that journalists were innovators and should promote diversity, equality, and represent the interests of the disadvantaged to the broader community. Unlike the Independent Broadcasters, these journalists were less confident about how well they were perceived by the audience and were concerned about whether their programs were relevant to the community.In the second study, respondents' views on their future roles were grouped into three categories: "Pessimists," "Pragmatic Idealists," and "Optimists."Journalists in the Pessimists' group expressed rather negative feelings about the future of their profession. In their view, Uzbekistan did not need a public media and journalists were not to serve as innovators in the society.Optimists expressed the opposite feelings, saying that they wanted to believe Uzbekistan would have public broadcasting in the future. They thought that the common good and the public interest should be the basis of broadcasting.Pragmatic Idealists believed that broadcasting would have to be a public corporation. But unlike the Optimists, these journalists were concerned about a lack of professionalism and funding, traditionalism in program content, and the lack of an advertising culture.All of the respondents, in this case, supported the idea of developing advertising as a means of supporting broadcasting in the future and saw it as a way of freeing themselves from government control and gaining editorial independence.Respondents in this study said that as long as they remained under state authority they would not call themselves "public broadcasters." They mostly agreed that a changing society needed a strong public media, which was independent of government influence and the marketplace.Department of Journalism
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Shobiye, Toyin Esther. "A comparative study of viewers’ attitude towards commercial advertising interruptions in public television programmes." Thesis, University of Zululand, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10530/1546.
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A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Arts in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Communication Science at the University Of Zululand, South Africa, 2017This study examines the function and purpose of public television broadcasters across two countries (South Africa and Nigeria) in order to highlight best practices in public broadcasting for the benefit of the public (who ought to be the target audience). The original idea of public broadcasting was aimed at informing the public about the truth without commercial or political provocation and influence. This study examines whether society has come to accept inappropriate broadcasting practices because of prolonged exposure to these practices. When incorrect behaviour is practised continually over a prolonged period, it becomes accepted as normal in society and this is referred to as normalcy. In this regard, the study was further aimed at investigating and comparing the attitude of viewers towards commercial advertising interruptions during public television viewing time. Literature review within this study also focused on factors which influence viewer rating of public television in Nigeria and South African which ought to be informative and educational while providing suitable entertainment. This study employed a survey method and was conducted among the inhabitants of Durban in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa and Ibadan, South-West, Nigeria. The study was interesting in that viewers’ attitudes across the two countries differed significantly. Generally, South African TV viewers were more accommodating with regards to accepting commercial interruptions during viewing time. On the other hand, Nigerian TV viewers felt that commercial interruptions are disturbances and must not be included in the programmes of public television. The study confirmed that the motives of viewing public TV and behaviour of viewers during the commercial interruptions on the programmes of public TV stations have greatly influenced the attitudes of viewers towards commercial interruptions. Finally, the study offers recommendations guidelines in areas that need more attention based on findings of the study. The study also indicates the limitations of the investigation and provides suggestions for future research.
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Zaid, Bouziane. "Public service television policy and national development in Morocco." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003019.
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Woodruff-Balthaser, Diane M. "A case study of the essential components in the development of a half-hour local cable newscast." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2725. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 30-31).
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Hawelleck, Margit. "Televisual performances in the realm of ethnic minority media : a stratoanalysis of Lusatian Sorbian programming in German public service broadcasting /." View abstract, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3266063.
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Judy, Jon. "TO BE SEEN AND ALSO HEARD: TOWARD A MORE TRULY PUBLIC BROADCASTING SYSTEM FOR CHILDREN." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1587498952367546.
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Färnstrand, Daniel. "Television i allmänhetens tjänst : en studie av public service-begreppet." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Medier och kommunikation, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-127621.
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Title: Television in the Service of the Public - a Study of the Public Service Concept (Television i allmänhetens tjänst - en studie av public service-begreppet). Author: Daniel Färnstrand Aim: To describe the ideals, or principles, that the Public Service Ideology or concept of Public Service is based upon. The two main questions the paper aims to answer are thus: · Which principles should, according to the theoretical norm, guide Public Service activity? · Which principles guide Public Service television in Sweden today, according to the actual guidelines for the Public Service organization SVT? Method / Material: A study of relevant literature is carried out. Further, the actual guidelines for SVT are summarized. The normative guidelines are then also summarized, and a comparison is made between this summary and the actual guidelines for SVT. Main results: Although a comprehensive definition is hard to find within the theoretical framework, a summary of the theoretical ideal is carried out. Hereby, a broad definition of the theoretical, normative ideal for Public Service activity is created. A comparison between the actual guidelines for SVT and the theoretical ideal of Public Service activity, revealed that these show almost exact coherence. The ideal seems to have been fulfilled, at least when one analyses the guidelines for SVT. Whether these guidelines are then followed by the actual activity of SVT is a question outside the range of this paper. Number of pages: 41 Course: Media and Communication Studies C. University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala University. Period: Spring 2000 Tutor: Lowe Hedman Keywords: Broadcasting, Public Service, Public Service Concept, Public Service Ideology.
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McMenamin, Maureen Regina. "Handling a public relations crisis in a top 50 television market a case study of WNEP-TV 16 in Moosic, Pennsylvania /." Instructions for remote access. Click here to access this electronic resource. Access available to Kutztown University faculty, staff, and students only, 1997. http://www.kutztown.edu/library/services/remote_access.asp.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 1997.Source: Masters Abstracts International, Volume: 45-06, page: 2715. Typescript. Abstract precedes thesis as preliminary leaves [1-2]. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-80).
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Macha, Herbert. "State or public service broadcasting?: an analysis of the coverage of political issues and debates during an election campaign on television news." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006234.
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Public Service Television remains a key institution of democratisation in the context of emerging democracies in Africa, especially with the advent of liberalisation and commercialisation of the media. The democratic changes taking place in Zambia require a genuine public service broadcasting television that will promote pluralism in the public sphere. Among the many available strategies and mechanisms for fostering a sustainable democratic and cultural environment, public service broadcasting is still the best. This study set out to examine representation of political issues and debates during election campaign on ZNBC television news to assess the extent to which it plays a role as a public broadcaster in the mediation of pluralistic politics. Election news on television, in line with the public sphere argument was found to be essential for investigating the nature of public service television from the point of view of impartiality, universality and diversity. Using both qualitative and quantitative methods the study has confirmed the hypothesis that the role of a public service television in the mediation of pluralistic politics is compromised by ZNBC's partial and unbalanced coverage of elections. As a result ZNBC, as a public service broadcaster is undermining the very democracy it is expected to promote. Public service television should take new forms if it is to be recognised and appreciated by the public as a genuine, open and democratic public sphere. I therefore recommend that a system of license fee for viewers be introduced. Secondly, government should increase funding into public service television to supplement revenue from license fee and advertising. Thirdly, I recommend the appointment of an independent board whose members will be appointed for a fixed term, by public nomination and a process of public hearing, according to publicly available criteria, which guarantees diversity of political, ethnic, social and professional background. Fourthly I suggest the formation of an Election News Coverage Committee comprising of journalists, academicians, the church and civic organisation that will formulate and implement editorial policy on election coverage and above all monitor and the coverage of elections on ZNBC television news.
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Bradman, Greta Jessie. "Public use of private emotion : managing accountability and 'authentic' identity in television interviews /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsb8119.pdf.
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Ceballos, Maria Eugenia. "Government control in Mexican television: The struggle between the public and private interest." FIU Digital Commons, 1997. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2092.
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Through an historical analysis, an in-depth examination of Mexican legislation, and an evaluation of scholarly work, this thesis explores the relationship between the government of Mexico and the media, specifically television. The central hypothesis is that Mexican government regulations have been used to uphold the constitutional mandate requiring television media to serve the public interest. The analysis shows that the Mexican government has consistently favored commercial broadcasters over public interests. This is evident not only in written documents and in the manner in which the regulations have been implemented, but in the favoritism shown in the granting of government television concessions. The conclusion is that the Mexican government has been unsuccessful in promoting a television industry that safeguards the public interest. Instead, government actions have promoted private monopolies in the television industry which have rendered public broadcasting inefficient.
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Radcliffe, Jeanette, and n/a. "The Australian Broadcasting Tribunal's Australian Content Inquiry 1983 - 1990: a case study in The dynamics of a public policy debate." University of Canberra. Communication, Media & Tourism, 1994. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061207.162525.
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Since their inception in the early 1960s, Australian content requirements for commercial television have been subjected to
considerable scrutiny through a series of formal inquiries. Over
the last ten years this process has intensified. In recent years
there have been a number of academic criticisms regarding the
state of debate about the regulation of Australian content on
commercial television and the capacity of the debate to generate
genuine criticism and embrace change.
This thesis examines the dynamics of debate about Australian
content. It focuses on the ABT's Inquiry into Australian Content
on Commercial Television (ACI) which ran from 1983 to 1989.
It takes as its basic point of reference Jurgen Habermas' concept
of the 'public sphere'. This concept refers to a realm of social life,
separate from the state and private spheres, in which 'public
opinion' can be formed. Habermas has argued that, with the
refeudalisation of the public sphere, the state and private
interests have increasingly collaborated to close off the public
sphere. The thesis concludes that in many respects Habermas'
concept of a refeudalised 'public sphere' is a useful explanatory
tool for understanding the dynamics of the ACI and the limited
degree of criticism generated by it. However, Habermas' model
is limited in so far as it fails to accord adequate recognition to the
complexities and significance of the mediation of the 'public
interest' by key participants in the inquiry and the strategic role
of rhetoric for these participants.
Habermas concludes that with the refeudalisation of the public
sphere and the disappearance of the historical conditions which
supported its operation, the public sphere must now be
reconstructed on a case by case basis. Attempts to achieve this,
have tended to focus on the facilitation of citizen participation in
public policy debate. However, as this analysis of the ACI
demonstrates, the dynamics of the debate itself appear to limit
I the degree to which 'public opinion' can be elevated above
'private interest'.
This thesis demonstrates that the mediation of the 'public
interest' assumed a central role in the rhetoric and strategy of
the ACI. Each of the key players represented distinct interests and were largely unaccountable to the 'public' they claimed to
serve. This thesis concludes that in order to gain a more detailed
understanding of how communication works in such a context,
and in order to conceive of alternative participatory forms, we
need to focus on those aspects of public discourse which Habermas neglects: the rhetoric and the strategic nature of public
representation. It suggests that fruitful avenues for further
study may lie with Bantz's notion of communicative structures or
Luhmann's systems approach to communication.
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Appel, Gerald I. "A Q methodology study of broadcast news professors' attitudes toward local television news." Virtual Press, 2003. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1265083.
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The purpose of this Q study was to learn broadcast news professors' attitudes on the current state of local television news. The researcher also wished to uncover if professors with primarily teaching experience have different attitudes on local television news than professors with primarily professional broadcast experience.Nineteen professors in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan sorted Q statements regarding the quality of local television news. An analysis of their Q sorts found the participants fell into three categories: the Ultra-Critics, the Moderate-Critics, and the Minimal-Critics.The Ultra-Critics were very critical of local television news and had virtually nothing positive to say about the topic. The Moderate-Critics had some positive thoughts about local television news, but were still very critical. The Minimal-Critics were critical of local television news, but still had many positive thoughts on the industry.The researcher also found that professors with primarily professional broadcast experience were much more critical of the industry than professors with primarily teaching experience.Department of Journalism
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Hunt, Rex A. E. "Philomythes : religious narrative communication in an electronic age /." [S.l. : s.n.], 1993. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20031204.114518/index.html.
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Keys, Wendy, and n/a. "Grown-Ups In a Grown-Up Business: Children's Television Industry Development Australia." Griffith University. School of Arts, Media and Culture, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060928.135325.
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This dissertation profiles the children's television industry in Australia; examines the relationship between government cultural policy objectives and television industry production practices; and explores the complexities of regulating and producing cultural content for child audiences. The research conducted between 1997 and 2002 confirms that children's television is a highly competitive business dependent on government regulatory mechanisms and support for its existence. For example, the Australian Broadcasting Authority's retaining of mandatory program standards for children's programs to date, is evidence of the government's continued recognition of the conflict between broadcasters' commercial imperatives and the public-interest. As a consequence, the industry is on the one hand insistent on the government continuing to play a role in ensuring and sustaining CTV - however, on the other hand, CTV producers resent the restrictions on creativity and innovation they believe result from the use of regulatory instruments such as the Children's Television Standards (CTS). In fact, as this dissertation details, the ABA's intended policy outcomes are inevitably coupled with unintended outcomes and little new or innovative policy development has occurred. The dissertation begins with an investigation into the social, cultural and ideological construction of childhood within an historical and institutional context. I do this in order to explore how children have been defined, constructed and managed as a cultural group and television audience. From this investigation, I then map the development of children television policy and provide examples of how 'the child' is a consistent and controversial site of tension within policy debate. I then introduce and analyse a selection of established, establishing and aspiring CTV production companies and producers. Drawing on interviews conducted, production companies profiled and policy documents analysed, I conclude by identit~'ing ten key issues that have impacted, and continue to impact, on the production of children's television programming in Australia. In addressing issues of industry development, the question this dissertation confronts is not whether to continue to regulate or not, but rather, how best to regulate. That is, it explores the complexities of supporting, sustaining and developing the CTV industry in ways which also allows innovative and creative programming. This exploration is done within the context of a broadcasting industry currently in transition from analogue to digital. As communications and broadcasting technologies converge, instruments of regulation - such as quotas designed around the characteristics of analogue systems of broadcasting - are being compromised. The ways in which children use television, and the ways in which the CTV producers create content, are being transformed. The ten key issues identified in this dissertation, I propose, are crucial to industry development and policy debate about the future of children's television in Australia. In integrating the study of policy with the study of production, I have given prominence to the opinions and experiences of those working in the industry. In doing so, this dissertation contributes to the growing body of work in Australia which incorporates industry with cultural analysis, and which includes the voices of the content providers.
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Tyler, Andrew Miles. "The News Director's Balance of Business and News : an oral history exploration of Salt Lake Television News, 1948 - 2008 /." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2010. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd3495.pdf.
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Degtjarova, Varvara. "Russlandbilder im deutschen Fernsehen 2001-2002 : Studie zur Konstruktion Russlands bei öffentlich-rechtlichen und privatrechtlichen Sendern (ARD, NDR und RTL) /." Hamburg : Dr. Kovač, 2007. http://www.verlagdrkovac.de/978-3-8300-3058-4.htm.
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Morris, Glenn Michael 1974. "Public service, private media: The political economy of the Cable-Satellite Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN)." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10930.
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xi, 295 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.The Satellite-Cable Public Affairs Network (C-SPAN) is the only television outlet in the U.S. providing Congressional coverage. Scholars have studied the network's public affairs content and unedited "gavel-to-gavel" style of production that distinguish it from other television channels. However, the network's ownership structure and funding, which are also unique, have not been systematically analyzed. This study fills a gap in C-SPAN scholarship by providing a structural analysis of the network. C-SPAN was founded and is sponsored by the U.S. cable industry. The industry insists its support for the network is based on public service. However, this study reveals that C-SPAN affords the cable industry a number of substantial political economic benefits: a political lever in Washington and with local franchise authorities, a risk-free testing ground for new products and services, and assistance in selling subscriptions for other fee-based services. This study argues that these material benefits are the motivation for the cable industry's support, not public service. It also is argued that C-SPAN can only be comprehensively understood through its relationship to the capitalist political economy of the U.S. To contextualize this relationship, the study provides a history of Congressional television, the cable industry, and satellite technology. These circumstances reveal that the network was less an act of individual cable executives' selfless altruism than a product of political pressures, economic realities, and technological breakthroughs. The study also discusses the implications of a private public affairs network. C-SPAN is a perfect case study of what has been labeled "neoliberalism," or the form of global capitalism based on privatizing social services and regulating industry using rules favorable to the needs of capital, not civil, society. At a social level, the network enables the accumulation of wealth for a select few, enabling these private interests to gain social power. The study concludes that C-SPAN may serve the public, but it is not a public service.
Committee in charge: Janet Wasko, Chairperson, Journalism and Communication; Carl Bybee, Member, Journalism and Communication; Gabriela Martinez, Member, Journalism and Communication; John Foster, Outside Member, Sociology
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Robinson, F. J. "The feasibility of regional television (RTV) in South Africa : a study of the official process towards the issuing of licenses for RTV and subsequent developments." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19648.
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Thesis (MPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2007.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This is a qualitative study on the question whether regional television can be feasible in South Africa with particular reference to the official process to introduce regional television (RTV), the various reports and opinions on the subject, new technological developments and the exploration of alternatives. It is an effort to make a contribution towards the debate about how the public broadcaster can deliver better dedicated services to the diverse language groups of the country wherever they live, while also keeping pace with the challenges of an ever changing global digital world. The study indicated that various public broadcasters internationally struggled to find a financially viable model for regional television to serve diverse communities. The general option was the use of “windows” – specific limited time allocated on national networks for regional break-aways. Yet, increasingly technology provided answers but still at a relative expensive fee for the average citizen. In South Africa the windows model was implemented for a limited period between 1996 and 2003. It was discontinued because of lack of financial support from the state. The researcher indicates how the process to implement regional television already started with transformation envisaged in the Independent Broadcasting Authority Act of 1993 through to the Broadcast Amendment Act of 2003 instructing the SABC to apply within nine months to the Independent Broadcasting Authority of South Africa (ICASA) for regional licenses that “should reflect the diversity of all sections of the population and represent the plurality of views and opinions of the audience” (ICASA, 2003a:11). ICASA published its Discussion Paper on Regional Television in September 2003 inviting comments while emphasizing the importance of serving the various language groups and providing local content. It recognised the problems concerning funding. Its Position Paper was released in November 2003. ICASA clearly took the view that the introduction of regional services in the various (especially marginalised) languages were imperative and that it had to be offered to the exclusion of English. The state had to fund the services while advertising would not be permitted. The study was approached within the framework of normative mass media theories, and in particular the developmental theory. Through content analysis the ICASA documents and the SABC’s application for RTV in December 2003 was assessed and the stark points of difference indicated, such as the use of English, local content (especially drama) and advertising income. By using the methodology of in-depth interviews and a social survey based on a structured questionnaire more information and perspective was gained. In its application for regional television the SABC suggested two channels for 10 indigenous languages in the nine provinces delivered through the outdated but cheaper analogue technology. Throughout 2004 ICASA and the SABC communicated in letters and at hearings to resolve differences without much success. The SABC’s main concerns remained funding and the lack of capacity and skills to offer the services required. ICASA decided in June 2005 to grant the SABC two regional licenses without issuing it until the funding issue could be resolved with the state. It relented to allow some advertising but remained opposed to the use of English. Towards the end of the study the researcher gives an overview of the fast developing international trends in digital broadcasting. Various options to serve regional communities are offered. News reports on international trends and the opinions of experts are then related to the situation in South Africa. One conclusion is that the state and the country would have to weigh up the cost of subsidising regional television to other pressing social needs of citizens. It appeared that the cost would be too high in the short term. Preparations for the staging of the 2010 Soccer World Cup in South Africa might lay the foundation for more sophisticated and affordable services later.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie is ʼn kwalitatiewe studie van die proses om streekstelevisie in Suid-Afrika in te stel, ʼn bespreking van die verskillende verslae en menings oor die onderwerp, nuwe tegnologiese ontwikkelings en die oorweging van alternatiewe. Dit is ʼn poging om ʼn bydrae te maak tot die debat oor hoe die openbare uitsaaier beter en meer toegewyde dienste kan lewer aan die verskillende taalgroepe in die land, waar hulle woon. Terselfdertyd moet ook tred gehou word met die uitdagings van ʼn steeds veranderende internasionale digitale wêreld. Die studie dui aan dat openbare uitsaaiers wêreldwyd sukkel om ʼn lewensvatbare finansiële model vir die lewering van streekstelevisie aan verskillende gemeenskappe te vind. Die algemene keuse was die gebruik van “vensters” – dit is die toekenning van beperkte spesifieke tydsgleuwe op nasionale netwerke vir streekuitsendings. Tog begin tegnologie al hoe meer antwoorde verskaf, maar nog steeds teen redelike duur tariewe vir die deursnee-burger. Die venster-model van streekstelevisie is vir ʼn beperkte tyd van 1996 tot 2003 in Suid-Afrika toegepas. Dit is gestaak weens gebrek aan geldelike ondersteuning van die staat. Die navorser dui aan hoe die proses om streekstelevisie in te stel reeds begin het met die transformasie wat in die vooruitsig gestel is in die Wet op die Onafhanklike Uitsaai-Owerheid van 1993. Dit het later gelei tot die Uitsaai-Wysigingswetsonwerp van 2003. Daarin is die SAUK beveel om binne nege maande by die Onafhanklike Kommunikasie-Owerheid van Suid- Afrika (algemeen bekend as ICASA) om lisensies aansoek te doen vir streekstelevisie wat “die diversitieit van alle seksies van die samelewing sal reflekteer en die verskillende sienings en menings van die gehoor verteenwoordig” (ICASA, 2003a:11). ICASA het sy Besprekingsdokument oor Streekstelevisie in September 2003 gepubliseer. Daarin is klem gelê op die belangrikheid van dienslewering aan die verskillende taalgroepe en die lewering van plaaslike inhoud. Die kommentaar van belanghebbendes is gevra. In die dokument het ICASA erkenning gegee aan die struikelblokke rakende befondsing. ICASA se Standpuntdokument is in November 2003 vrygestel. ICASA het onomwonde verklaar dat die lewering van dienste aan die verskillende (maar veral aan die gemarginaliseerde) taalgemeenskappe voorkeur moes geniet en dat Engels uitgesluit moes word. Die staat sou die dienste moes finansier terwyl advertensies nie toegelaat sou word nie. Die ondersoek is benader binne die raamwerk van die normatiewe teorieë van massamedia kommunikasie en veral die ontwikkelingsteorie. Deur inhouds-analise het die navorser ʼn omvattende ontleding gedoen van die ICASA dokumente en van die SAUK se aansoek vir streekstelevisie. Die aansoek is in Desember 2003 by ICASA ingedien. Die skerp verskille met ICASA is uitgewys, naamlik die gebruik van Engels in die dienste, die lewering van plaaslike inhoud (veral drama) en oor advertensie-inkomste. Die navorser het die metode van diepteonderhoude en ʼn openbare menings-ondersoek, gegrond op ʼn gestruktureerde vraelys, gebruik om meer inligting en perspektiewe te bekom. Die SAUK het twee kanale vir streekstelevisie voorgestel vir die tien inheemse tale in die nege provinsies. Dit sou gelewer word met die goedkoper, maar uitgediende analoog-tegnologie. In 2004 het ICASA en die SAUK deurlopend gekommunikeer in briewe en by openbare verhore in ʼn poging om verskille te oorbrug, maar sonder veel sukses. Deurgaans was die SAUK bekommerd oor die kwessie van befondsing en die beskikbaarheid van bronne en vaardighede om sulke dienste aan te bied. ICASA het in Junie 2005 besluit om twee lisensies vir streekstelevisie aan die SAUK toe te ken, maar dit is nie uitgereik nie, hangende duidelikheid oor finansiering van die staat. Die owerheid het skiet gegee oor die geskil rondom advertensies, maar voet by stuk gehou dat Engelse uitsendings nie toegelaat sou word nie. Aan die einde van die studie gee die navorser ʼn oorsig van die vinnig ontwikkelende internasionale digitale tegnologiese tendense in die uitsaaiwese en die moontlikhede wat dit vir streeksgemeenskappe bied. Nuusberigte oor internasionale ontwikkelings en die menings van deskundiges word in verband gebring met streekstelevisie in Suid-Afrika. Een gevolgtrekking is dat die land die koste van subsidies vir streekstelevisiedienste sal moet opweeg teen die dringende maatskaplike behoeftes van burgers. Die het geblyk dat sulke subsidies te duur sou wees in die korter termyn. Voorbereidings vir die aanbied van die Wêreldbeker Sokkertoernooi in 2010 kan die basis skep om later wel meer gesofistikeerde en bekostigbare streeksdienste te lewer.
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FERREIRA, NETO Haymone Leal. "Jornal de quem? Um estudo de caso sobre o Nosso Jornal, da TV Universitária do Recife." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2012. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/19295.
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Este trabalho tem como preocupação os princípios consagrados pelo campo jornalístico, pelalegislação brasileira e por documentos da Organização das Nações Unidas para a Educação, aCiência e a Cultura (Unesco) referentes ao funcionamento dos serviços públicos deradiodifusão. Para tanto, usa como exemplo o caso do Nosso Jornal, telejornal local diárioveiculado entre 2006 e 2009 pela TV Universitária do Recife. Procuramos buscar pistas sobreos impactos da mudança do regime fordista-keynesiano para o de acumulação flexível emmeados da década de 1970 sobre o Estado e sua responsabilidade de regulamentação da“ecologia” da radiodifusão a fim de garantir a liberdade de expressão. Dentro desse contexto,com base nos conceitos de autonomia do campo jornalístico de Pierre Bourdieu e na ideia detelejornalismo como lugar de referência, se debruça sobre os efeitos desse fenômeno nojornalismo, tomando como referência a emissora em questão.
This work is about Nosso Jornal, a local news programme broadcasted by TV Universitária, apublic station from Recife, Pernambuco. Considering the change from the fordist-keynesian tothe flexible accumulation regime in the early 1970's and it's impacts on the role of State sincethen and the idea of television journalism as a “place of reference” in brazilian society, thisanalysis is based on the concepts of journalistic field and autonomy, on the brazilian law andon documents by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization(Unesco) concerning public service broadcasting.
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Godson-Amamoo, Michael. "Management Contingencies Between Privately-Funded and Publically-Funded Broadcasting Organizations." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4061.
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Organizations, for-profit or not-for-profit, continually assess demands from their internal and external stakeholders and adjust their operations and strategies for long term sustainability. Building on the classical contingency theory of organization, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to identify the differences of operational values and principles between private and public broadcasting organizations; an additional goal was to examine how these organizations use their operating choices to adapt to their environment. In a comparative study design between for-profit and not-for-profit broadcasting organizations as independent variables, the focus of the study was to compare 3 groups of dependent variables regarding operational values, principles, and the external environment. Using convenience sampling, the survey sample of 70 respondents included males and females over the age 18 selected for each of the research sites at Ghana Television, GH One, and Accra Metropolis. The key variables of operational values and external environments were measured by 6-point Likert scales, which were developed for the study. The measures were examined for their content validity and face validity, and they were empirically tested for their reliability and validity with collected data before testing the proposed claims. A series of t tests supported the claims that the 2 organizations operate with different principles and values. For-profit organizations focus on operational efficiency while not-for-profit organizations commit more to human development issues. The results of this study offer insights to broadcasting organizations about how to maximize their resources and bring about positive social change in community development by offering better programming options to stakeholders.
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Ceylan, Tulun Seyhan. "Policies Of Turkish Radio Television Corporation (trt): The Case Of The Directorate Of Documentary Programs." Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12607297/index.pdf.
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The objective of this study is to examine historically the policies of theDirectorate of Documentary Programs (DDP) of the Turkish Radio Television Corporation (TRT). Since there is very little research about particular sphere of the public service broadcasting in Turkey it is aimed to contribute to this area of study.
In the course of the study, historical conditions, structural factors, broadcasting policies, the conditions of public broadcasting of a country, and the role of individuals and the research methods applied in media studies were taken into
consideration. Furthermore, governmental, military, lawful, economic, cultural policies, and policies emerging from the institutional mechanisms, and practices of individuals are illustrated regarding the different time periods.
In this study, documentary research, observation, interview, and internet research were used as data gathering methods. Literature analysis, historical analysis and interpretative analysis were employed as methods of analysis.
It is mentioned that the role of individuals in the analysis of media studies is not paid much attention, additionally, especially in Turkey, research conducted about media generally ignores the methods of ethnography, field research and interpretative analysis. In analyzing the policies of DDP, it is asserted that except for the structural effects, individuals/actors have also roles in shaping these
policies. Furthermore, to examine the media, particularly television policies, it is maintained that there is a need to carry out analysis at the individual level by the help of conducting field research, applying methods of ethnography, and interpretative analysis in Turkey. Finally, it is claimed that to a large extend DDP have been under the effects of public broadcasting notion of Turkey, and there is a need for improving the institutional policies for the DDP to serve the public interest.
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Ovadia, Micah. "An examination of credibility perceptions among Ball State University undergraduate students of news reports appearing in newspapers, television, and the World Wide Web." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1045624.
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This baseline study sought to evaluate Ball State University (BSU) undergraduate students' credibility perceptions of news reports gleaned from the World Wide Web (WWW). A random selection of 378 BSU undergraduate students were phoned and administered a questionnaire,which included newspaper and television news credibility questions for comparative purposes.Among WWW users and non-WWW users combined, credibility perceptions of newspaper and television news were not found to differ significantly, with the majority of respondents ranking newspapers and television medium in credibility. Television held a statistically significant lead over newspapers as the most believable news source in the event of conflicting reports of the same news story appearing in both media.WWW users rated the WWW medium in credibility and felt television to be more believable than newspapers and the WWW in the event of conflicting reports appearing in all three media.Department of Journalism
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Jones, Timothy H. "Evaluating regulatory legitimacy : a study of policy and rule-making in the regulation of independent local radio by the Independent Broadcasting Authority." Thesis, Brunel University, 1989. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5376.
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This thesis presents a' detailed study of the regulation of Independent Local Radio by the Independent Broadcasting Authority. The I.B.A. is an independent regulatory agency established to decide questions affecting both public and private rights. Two key functions performed by regulatory agencies are identified: law-elaboration and law-application. Law-elaboration is a quasi-legislative power which involves both the making of policy and the subsequent articulation of that policy through rule-making. Law-application entails the application of those rules in individual decisions. It is argued that the exercise of such powers can usefully be analysed in terms of legitimacy. What can validate the exercise of legislative powers by an unelected and largely unaccountable agency? In addressing this question, use is made of four ideal-type models of regulatory legitimacy: (1) legislative; (2) accountability; (3) due process; and (4) expertise. The general conclusion drawn is that it would be problematical for the I.B.A. to claim legitimacy for its policies and rules on the basis of its legislative mandate, its accountability, its respect for due process or its expertise. In particular, it is argued that there is little direct correlation between the I.B.A.'s activities and its legislative mandate. This is stated to be a problem inherent in the nature of the relationship between the legislature and a regulatory agency. It is argued that the present system of regulating I.L.R. is in need of reform if it is to make out a more convincing case for its legitimacy. The two main approaches to reform are deregulation and procedural innovation. Administrative lawyers have tended to focus on the latter type of reform. It is argued that administrative lawyers should widen their horizons beyond the procedural and become concerned with the outcome of the regulatory process: the concern should be with substantive as well as procedural legitimacy.
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Yang, Mu-Li. "A study of Chinese adult immigrants' television viewing motivations." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1218.
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Atzori, Pamela. "Crossing the channel(s) : adaptation, national identity and public service broadcasting in the work of Charles Dickens on Spanish, French and Italian television, 1962-1970." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/72e8d458-8aaa-4e3f-8904-087df34ae35c.
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This thesis presents a cross-national comparison of Charles Dickens’s television adaptations produced across Western Europe (specifically by national broadcasters in France, Italy and Spain) with particular reference to the Public Service Broadcasting era. This was an important period for the development of European television and the reaffirmation of values linked to national identity after the events of World War Two. The thesis suggests that television adaptations contributed to the consolidation of forms of national identity in Western Europe, with each country applying its own version of the Public Service Broadcasting ethos. By focusing on the years 1962-1970 - when European TV networks produced many transpositions inspired by Charles Dickens’s writings - this work discusses how these adaptations contributed to the establishment of certain forms of national identity in the countries chosen for analysis. By doing do, it also aims to reinforce the importance of cross-national comparisons of European television histories, while arguing the necessity of expanding those analyses to use specific genres and broadcasts (in this case, adaptations) to illustrate the development of national broadcasters throughout the monopoly era. By using academic materials, newspaper and magazine reviews, television listings, and textual and contextual analysis, this work discusses how Spain, France and Italy, through the development of the adaptation genre and television itself, attempted to consolidate and reaffirm their own particular forms of national identity. I use Dickens’s adaptations as an example of how adaptations contributed to the dominance of PSB (and its frequently centralised notion of nationalism) in the countries selected for analysis. Rather than carrying out traditional ‘literary’ analysis of the adaptations, the thesis, therefore, examines them as television works, taking particular care to highlight how they reflect a specific nation, society and socio-political culture. In doing so, it attempts to provide the field of European TV studies - particularly in relation to that of adaptation history and Dickensian studies - with some much needed cross-national case-studies from a hugely important period of television history.