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1
Astrini, Wulan, E. B. Kurniawan, and M. Abdillah. "The Characteristics of Mosque Architecture Based on Public Preferences in Malang City." TATALOKA 22, no. 1 (2020): 137–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.1.137-145.
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Mosque is an architectural work and public facility that serves as a worship place for Muslims. Mosque architectural elements include domes (roofs), mihrab, minaret, arch, and ornaments. Mosque architecture comprises of various elements, which adapt to the local culture where the mosque is located. As such, its presence also bears some impacts on the appearance of urban architecture. Malang city as one of the major cities in East Java has numerous rapidly developing mosque architectures, including Jami’ Great Mosque of Malang, Sabilillah Mosque, Nurul Muttaqin Mosque, Ahmad Yani Mosque, and Manarul Huda Mosque. The meaning of architectural work is also closely related to the perception of humans who observe it. The public preference for the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city is a manifestation of architectural work. Conjoined analysis is employed as method operative to analyze public preference. This study aims to find out the architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city according to public preferences. The findings can serve as a recommendation for the development of mosque architectural designs in Malang city, especially those possessing locality values. The architectural characteristics of mosques in Malang city which are driven by the public preferences ranging from the highest to the lowest, which is why mosques generally have calligraphy ornaments, circular arch, pentagon-shaped minaret, Indo-Persian dome, and two-minaret design.
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Sener, Mehmet, and Neslihan Türkmenoğlu Bayraktar. "ARCHITECTURAL POLYGLOSSIA IN PUBLIC BUILDING FACADES OF LATE OTTOMAN PERIOD." Journal of Islamic Architecture 5, no. 1 (2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.18860/jia.v5i1.4520.
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<p>The 19<sup>th</sup> century was a period of significant transformations in Ottoman architecture in terms of the professionalization of discipline and the actualization of new construction technologies and architectural styles. The basic reason for this situation was the changing politics of Ottoman rulers that was based on the aim of achieving westernization in every aspect of life. In this context, an architectural medium has occurred especially in public building constructions where western based design approaches dominated the architectural production. Whereas, public buildings having different architectural characteristics than this westernization based architectural production, were also constructed in different peripheries of the empire. It is argued in this article that public buildings with polyglossia architectures were built in those regions that were generally concentrated on the facades and had architectural qualities different than the public building constructions executed mostly in İstanbul and other central cities of the empire. In this framework, the characteristics of these polyglossia observed on public building facades that contributed to the formation of architectural diversities in the empire are aimed to be examined. These polyglossia approaches that didn’t transform into stabled architectural styles are evaluated within the framework of the design components and constructional elements applied on the buildings. </p>
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Chechel', I. "MODERN DESIGN CONDITIONS AND COMPONENTS OF THE ARCHITECTURAL CONCEPT OF SECONDARY SCHOOLS." Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 6, no. 7 (2021): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2021-6-7-73-88.
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Today, large-scale programs for the construction of general education facilities are being implement-ed in the country. The Russian architecture of general educational buildings is gradually moving away from the standard architectural solutions approved by practice. This is influenced by the condi-tions of the current stage in the development of the state and society, and the tasks for the formation of an individual and a new generation of citizens. An analysis of the works of modern Russian architects suggests that the country has begun and is steadily gaining momentum in the process of forming the architecture of a new generation of school buildings. According to the author, the process is under the influence of a number of objective conditions. They are: the need to provide cost-effective architectur-al solutions of the design documentation for the mass construction of an object of General education in Russia; the continuation of the traditions of the author's architectural design for the public sector in education and the growing influence of the architecture of the non-public (private) sector to create innovative school buildings of the new generation; the impact of the reform processes in the field of pedagogical technologies in the system of General education and in solving complex issues of security and anti-terrorist protection of the object of General education on the formation of architecture of the school building; the operation of the object of General education in Emergency situation ( pandemic) and transition to the information society in the era of digitalization,; the enforcement of Federal laws of the Russian Federation in the field of safety of object of General education. Based on the identified conditions, a new systematization of the components of the architectural concept is proposed and the principles necessary for the creation of a general education building that marks the end of time are formulated.
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Зарекор, Кимберли, Владимир Кулич, and Николай Андреевич Ерофеев. "The President of our Country is a Real Estate Developer." Городские исследования и практики 3, no. 4 (2020): 12–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/usp34201812-17.
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Professors of Iowa State University and specialists in Socialist architecture and urban development, Kimberly Zarecor and Vladimir Kulić spoke in their interview about their approach to research and teach socialist architecture. They see the aim of their research in reintegrating the history of Eastern European and Soviet architecture into the general history of architecture. The main contribution of Soviet architects, they argue, was on developing typologies of public architecture, in contrast to the canonical Western architectural history, which celebrates private buildings. Soviet architects developed an entire culture of original, functional and economic public design. They see their course ‘The Architectures of Global Socialism,’ taught at Iowa State University, not only as an opportunity to learn from social legacies but also to start a broader discussion about socialism today.
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Djarot Purbadi, Yohanes, Reginaldo Christophori Lake, and Fransiscus Xaverius Eddy Arinto. "The Symbolic Regionalism on The Architectural Expression Design of Kupang Town-Hall." Journal of Design and Built Environment 20, no. 3 (2020): 71–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22452/jdbe.vol20no3.5.
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This study aimed to explain the synthesis design approach of the architectural expression in the Town Hall building of Kupang city. This is necessary due to the need for Town Halls, as public facilities, to reflect technically correct building standards, environment, and the aspects of political symbolism. Kupang Town Hall design uses the roof image expression of the Timor, Flores, and Sumba ethnic architecture in a harmonious composition and this means it is an example of an ethnic architectural synthesis in a modern building which represents a function, meaning, modernity, and local cultural identity. This research employed the social semiotics method to examine the design in relation to the surrounding social life context and the design was found to be produced from the symbolic regionalism approach which involved mixing the architectural images of Timorese, Flores, and Sumba ethnicities to modernize and conserve ethnic architecture and represent the cultural identity of East Nusa Tenggara. This, therefore, means architectural synthesis methods which are established on the symbolic regionalism approach have the potential to be used in designing public facilities in different places of Indonesia to reveal local cultural identities in modern buildings through symbolism based on an ethnic architectural image.
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VORONTSOVA, Yulia S., та Tatiana V. KARAKOVA. "VIRTUAL ARCHITECTURE OF MEGAPОLIS PUBLIC BUILDINGS". Urban construction and architecture 7, № 4 (2017): 106–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2017.04.18.
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The article reveals the aspects of virtual architecture as a new design philosophy, operating an idea of combining of real and digital (virtual) reality and abandoning the traditional space metrics. New approaches to the organization of architectural space, as well as techniques for visual expansion and transformation of space using the latest technologies and materials are considered. The relationship between virtual and real architecture in the space of megacities is determined as well as visual illusions arising from the interaction of these relations. Diff erent manifestations in virtuality as video-mapping, media facades, etc. are analyzed.
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Primayudha, Novrizal, and Detty Fitriany. "Model penerapan elemen Siger pada fasade dan lingkungan arsitektural di Bandar Lampung." Productum: Jurnal Desain Produk (Pengetahuan dan Perancangan Produk) 3, no. 5 (2019): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.24821/productum.v3i5.2427.
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The Indonesian architectural city growth and development are strongly influenced by their heterogenity of sociocultural lives. each region produces various cultural artifacts that traditionally accommodate cultural concepts and noble values in every social activity and environmental arrangement around it. . This existence makes all provinces and regions of Indonesia have a distinctive building typology as a regional symbol that will be found at the region. The Bandar Lampung City Government has a special policy in managing city architecture by applying its cultural artifacts to every architectural environment and fostering it as a concept of regional cultural signs and symbols. Siger is one of the various regional sign concepts that emerge as an architectural sign on public buildings and their built environment in Bandar Lampung City. The implementation this concept is done with a variety of shapes and sizes that greatly affect the architectural form of the building. This inequality needs to be systematically facilitated through the search of scientific design and architecture to produce an ideal application model. This research was conducted using qualitative ethnographic research methods with analysis based on participant descriptive and argumentative observation. The study aims to identify siger as a sign of culture and reveal the relationship of application to the facade of public building architecture, through the classification of buildings. Furthermore, the design concept and the application model of Siger will be used as a proposal for the city government in managing the order of the architecture facade of public buildings and their environment in a sustainable manner. Key words: architecture of Bandar Lampung City, Siger, model of architectural facade management
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Hasbi, Rahil Muhammad, and Wibisono Bagus Nimpuno. "Pengaruh Arsitektur Modern Pada Desain Masjid Istiqlal." Vitruvian 8, no. 2 (2019): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.22441/vitruvian.2018.v8i2.005.
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Modern architecture in its golden age has given a lot of influences to many architectures around the world. The spread of modern architecture at that time could not be stopped and became a style that is widely used throughout the world including IndonesiaThe influence of modern architecture emerged in Indonesia during the Dutch colonial occupation. European architects at that time introduced classical European architecture and modern architecture to Indonesian society. During the Colonial occupation and at the beginning of Indonesian independence, European architects designed public buildings such as government buildings, places of worship( like mosques and churches) and commercial buildings as well as several residences using classical European architectural and modern architecture.As the example that we can still see now is the Istiqlal Mosque in Jakarta, Indonesia, which was designed by architect Friedrich Silaban who self-taught modern architecture. The design of the Istiqlal mosque at a glance looks very much influenced by modern architecture, although domes and tower as a characteristic of Middle East architecture is still been used.The mosque as a whole is designed to look monumental which emphasized the used of a mixture of modern architecture styles.
9
Wen, Yueming, Jiawei Leng, Fei Yu, and Chuck Wah Yu. "Integrated design for underground space environment control of subway stations with atriums using piston ventilation." Indoor and Built Environment 29, no. 9 (2020): 1300–1315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x20941349.
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In subway stations, the piston effect plays an important role in enhancing ventilation to improve subway environment and reduce energy consumption. However, it may induce negative impacts on environmental health and thermal comfort, i.e. air pollution and strong wind. Traditionally, the architecture and ventilation systems are designed separately, and normal ventilation design follows architectural layout. Actually, the architecture design can have a significant influence on the ventilation performance, e.g. airflow pattern. Therefore, this study aims to integrate the design pattern of the architecture with an appropriate ventilation system. A typical subway station of Nanjing (in China) was considered. A dynamic-mesh based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method was adopted to simulate ventilation performance in the presence of piston effect. Field measurements were conducted to validate the numerical method. New measures were proposed from the perspectives of architectural design to improve the ventilation effect, including enlarging atrium space, adding atrium vents and funnel-shaped exits, etc. The numerical results show that the optimal architectural design could provide a significant improvement towards the airflow environment and ventilation efficiency while avoiding serious air pollution. The proposed integrated-design pattern could further facilitate the creation of an ‘energy-saving’ and ‘healthy’ underground space environment.
10
Culot, Maurice. "Les archives d’architecture privees du XXe siecle: sauvegarde et mise en valeur." Art Libraries Journal 15, no. 1 (1990): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200006623.
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The architectural heritage of the 20th century is peculiarly vulnerable; partly because modern architecture broke with tradition, it is less easily recognised as being historic and worthy of preservation. Furthermore, efforts to secure public appreciation of contemporary architecture have concentrated too narrowly on the ‘International Modern’ style at the expense of the actual diversity of this century, on certain architects at the expense of others, and on the individual building, seen by itself, at the expense of the larger environment of which it is part. To see twentieth century architecture whole, it is necessary to depend on not only buildings themselves (insofar as they survive in something like their original condition), and not only on publications (which have tended to reflect the promotion of Modernism), but also on archival sources and above all, on the private archives of architects. The value of such archives derives not only from handsome architectural drawings, which institutions are always eager to acquire, but also from account books, publicity material, models, photographs, and notebooks, and from the integrity and coherence of all this material which belongs together; it is probably the challenge represented by such a range of material which accounts for the paucity of architectural archives in the public sphere. Fortunately, a new climate of interest in architecture, which has seen the establishment of several museums of architecture and the emergence of ‘l’archivisme’ – a re-interpreting of architectural styles of the past, drawing on archival sources and influencing contemporary architectural practice via exhibition design in particular – augurs well for the future of architectural archives. In France, the Institut Français d’Architecture has been responsible for archives of 20th century architecture since 1980, and since 1988 has operated an information centre for private architectural archives in Paris and the surrounding area. Other regional architectural archives are being set up; it is to be hoped that the resulting network will help to foment a spirit which will lead to the establishment of a museum of architecture in Paris, while at the same time providing a safety-net to ensure the well-being of private architectural archives.
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Jones, Paul. "Architecture, Time, and Cultural Politics." Cultural Sociology 14, no. 1 (2020): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1749975520905416.
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Architecture is inextricably entangled with time. Illustrating this point, the article explores two moments of architectural production centred on London in the mid-19th century: the ‘Battle of the Styles’, a struggle over the social meaning of historicist architectural design and its suitability for state-funded public buildings; and the proto-modernist Crystal Palace, which housed the Great Exhibition of 1851. While ostensibly involving different cultural orientations to pasts-presents-futures, both cases reflect how political claims can involve the mobilisation of temporalised architectural forms. The general contention is that architecture is a culturally experimental space through which nation-states and architects seek to orientate otherwise abstracted notions of temporality. While there is no straightforward or singular correspondence between temporality and architectural sites, the built environment is pushed and pulled by states’ politicised claims regarding time and temporality. Architecture always involves the materialisation of particular and partial visions of the world as is, as was, and as could be; temporal registers in the built environment involve the stabilisation of some ways of being and the displacement of others. The political basis of these processes can be illuminated sociologically.
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Kłopotowska, Agnieszka. "Architecture and sounds the interdisciplinary research on the use of audio signals in the cognition and design of architectural space." Budownictwo i Architektura 18, no. 2 (2019): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.566.
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In the contemporary world of image, the basic attribute of architecture is its visuality. Architectural spaces are designed primarily to be viewed by the public or the "eyes" of cameras. The design for the sense of sight only impoverishes the quality of human contact with architecture. The art of shaping space should involve all perception channels. One of the most important senses, allowing to feel the created space, to get to know it and live in it, is hearing. The sonic image of architectural space not only accompanies the visual image, but also significantly defines the quality of existential and aesthetic experiences. The architect's task should be to skilfully use acoustic signals as an integral part of the design process. This belief has inspired a multidisciplinary project entitled: "Sounds of architecture", devoted to the study of the phenomenon of sound and its significance in the perception and use of the architectural environment by people. This project was carried out under the guidance of the author in 2014-2015 with the involvement of representatives of various disciplines of science and art. The result of interdisciplinary research was the monograph "Sounds of Architecture", published in 2016.
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Muxí, Zaida, and Daniela Arias Laurino. "Filling History, Consolidating the Origins. The First Female Architects of the Barcelona School of Architecture (1964–1975)." Arts 9, no. 1 (2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9010029.
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After Francisco Franco’s death, the process of democratisation of public institutions was a key factor in the evolution of the architectural profession in Spain. The approval of the creation of neighbourhood associations, the first municipal governments, and the modernisation of Spanish universities are some examples of this. Moreover, feminist and environmental activism from some parts of Spanish society was relevant for socio-political change that affected women in particular. The last decade of Franco’s Regime coincided with the first generation of women that graduated from the Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB). From 1964 to 1975, 73 female students graduated as architects—the first one was Margarita Brender Rubira (1919–2000) who validated her degree obtained in Romania in 1962. Some of these women became pioneers in different fields of the architectural profession, such as Roser Amador in architectural design, Alrun Jimeno in building technologies, Anna Bofill in urban design and planning, Rosa Barba in landscape architecture or Pascuala Campos in architectural design, and teaching with gender perspective. This article presents the contributions of these women to the architecture profession in relation to these socio-political advances. It also seeks—through the life stories, personal experiences, and personal visions on professional practice—to highlight those ‘other stories’ that have been left out of the hegemonic historiography of Spanish architecture.
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Tamariska ; Roni Sugiarto, Livie. "THE DYNAMICS OF SOUNDSCAPE CONNECTION WITH ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS ON TERAS CIKAPUNDUNG BANDUNG." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 2, no. 03 (2018): 248–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v2i03.2945.248-263.
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Abstract- In architecture of public space, the experience of place plays an important role in the making of the good quality of public spaces. The experience of the space is multi-sensory, so architecture should emphasize its attention also on the architectural space approach through auditory experience. The study was conducted to determine the dynamics connection of soundscape experience and Terrace Cikapundung architecture.The research method is qualitative and descriptive analysis. Quantitative measurements are made to complement the qualitative data. The analysis is done through questionnaire distribution, field observation, analysis, and by relating it with the study of theories about public space architecture, soundscape, sacred sounds, sense of place, intention of architecture, and perception theory.In Terrace Cikapundung are found quite a lot of natural sounds, which are considered as sounds that improve the quality of the people spatial experience. The natural sounds that are found there are the sound of birds, wind, and water flow. While the dominant voice heard is the sound of motor vehicle, which is considered as disturbing sound for the audiences in particular “man-made zone” (zone that borders the highway). This indicates that there are some architectural elements that have not been able to work optimally, especially the design of bordering element between the site with the main sound source (Jalan Siliwangi). Furthermore, the concave physical topology and the zonation of “man-made zone” and “natural zone” is well designed, based on the variety characterictic of function, location, and order of architectural elements, that will give us the study and example of spatial making and good experience of place. Through design that concern in the multi-sensory aspects of experience, especially in auditory experience, the experience of space can be felt thoroughly and the quality of a public space can be increased. Key Words: soundscape, architectural element, open public space
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Tamariska ; Roni Sugiarto, Livie. "THE DYNAMICS OF SOUNDSCAPE CONNECTION WITH ARCHITECTURAL ELEMENTS ON TERAS CIKAPUNDUNG BANDUNG." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 2, no. 03 (2018): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v2i03.2945.249-263.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract- In architecture of public space, the experience of place plays an important role in the making of the good quality of public spaces. The experience of the space is multi-sensory, so architecture should emphasize its attention also on the architectural space approach through auditory experience. The study was conducted to determine the dynamics connection of soundscape experience and Terrace Cikapundung architecture.The research method is qualitative and descriptive analysis. Quantitative measurements are made to complement the qualitative data. The analysis is done through questionnaire distribution, field observation, analysis, and by relating it with the study of theories about public space architecture, soundscape, sacred sounds, sense of place, intention of architecture, and perception theory.In Terrace Cikapundung are found quite a lot of natural sounds, which are considered as sounds that improve the quality of the people spatial experience. The natural sounds that are found there are the sound of birds, wind, and water flow. While the dominant voice heard is the sound of motor vehicle, which is considered as disturbing sound for the audiences in particular “man-made zone” (zone that borders the highway). This indicates that there are some architectural elements that have not been able to work optimally, especially the design of bordering element between the site with the main sound source (Jalan Siliwangi). Furthermore, the concave physical topology and the zonation of “man-made zone” and “natural zone” is well designed, based on the variety characterictic of function, location, and order of architectural elements, that will give us the study and example of spatial making and good experience of place.Through design that concern in the multi-sensory aspects of experience, especially in auditory experience, the experience of space can be felt thoroughly and the quality of a public space can be increased. Key Words: soundscape, architectural element, open public space
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Misius, Vladas. "FACILITATING PARTICIPATORY ADVANCEMENT IN ARCHITECTURE USING EXTENDED REALITY SOLUTIONS. THE LITERATURE ANALYSIS." Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 13 (May 25, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2021.14929.
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Public engagement and participatory advancement in architecture have entered a new level, as public expectations rise and technological innovations create new opportunities. Stakeholders can contribute to architecture through variety of new technological tools that evolved significantly over the last decade and the key question is how to make architecture better by using them. The paper presents findings of the initial stage of research – exploratory literature analysis of emerging trends for adopting virtual reality (VR), augmented reality (AR), mixed reality (MR) and other human–computer interactions in urban design and architecture. The goal is to figure out the most recent trends of how public can participate and improve the quality of architecture through modern technologies. The results show that directions of current investigations on participatory advancement in architecture by using extended reality (XR) solutions develop in these main directions: easy to use tools, simulation of space and content, evaluation of results, continuous participation of stakeholders and adoption of XR solutions in architectural design, urban design and landscape architecture.
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Panić, Vanja. "Public buildings of architect Milan Zloković: Affirmation of modern architecture in Serbia." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 2, no. 1 (2010): 47–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1001047p.
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This article is conceived as a contribution to the study and understanding of modern architecture in Serbia and Yugoslavia in the period between the two world wars. The subject of this study is the architectural practice of architect Milan Zloković, one of the most important actors of architectural modernism in the forthcoming period. The focus of research is Zloković work on the design and implementation of public buildings with emphasis on the four objects: Hotel "Žiča" in Mataruška Banja (1931-1932), Building Children's University Clinic in Belgrade (1933-1936/1940), Building Elementary School in Jagodina (1937-1940) and FIAT Automobile Building Service in Belgrade (1939-1940). This phase of Milan Zloković practise is distinguished by authentic character of the author in the study of geometric forms, proportional analysis, applied materials and construction, all in new forms of organization of space in the spirit of modern architecture postulates.
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Lewandowska, Agnieszka. "Architectural and Urban Design of Public Space Based on Social Cooperation." Journal of Education Culture and Society 9, no. 2 (2018): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.15503/jecs20182.187.194.
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Aim
 The subject of this work are contemporary methods of designing public space based on cooperation with city users. At present, authorities of the cities attempt to involve citizens in the process of architectural change. The key component of the series of research are designing processes composed of various social consultations, architectural workshops and competitions, in which the resident's need to shape the city is visible and evident.
 Methods
 The author of article will indicate varied methods of designing public space involving citizens, based on experiences of Warsaw (Poland), and conducted analysis of design processes and results.
 Results and Conclusion
 Architecture is a reflection of political and economic situation but is also a reflection of citizens way of living. The gap between city users and professionals might be filled with social cooperation process. The residents knowledge of the space is essential to build and transform the cities in a way to fulfill the user’s needs and requirements.
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Lochhead, Ian. "The Style of the 1890s: Art Nouveau design in New Zealand Architecture." Architectural History Aotearoa 4 (October 31, 2007): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v4i0.6738.
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The influence of Art Nouveau on New Zealand architecture has generally been considered to be negligible but its impact was nevertheless significant during the period from 1890 to the outbreak of the First World War. Across a wide range of building types, from large scale public buildings to modest houses, Art Nouveau-inspired door pulls, dados, embossed ceilings, leaded glass and tiles abound. This paper explores the largely hidden presence of Art Nouveau in New Zealand architecture of this period and considers the reasons why buildings that otherwise have little connection with the style incorporate features that are often strikingly disparate in aesthetic terms. Is this because New Zealand architects and builders simply did not understand the aesthetic implications of their actions? Was it a consequence of remoteness from centres of architectural innovation or the result of purchasing items, magpie-like, from architectural catalogues? Or was it, indeed, the result of a desire to achieve an aura of "instant sophistication"?
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Kozyrenko, Ivan Sergeevich. "Contemporary styles and images in Harbin architecture." Урбанистика, no. 1 (January 2020): 82–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2310-8673.2020.1.32190.
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The object of this research is the contemporary architecture of Harbin, which is currently developing as a megalopolis of the Northeast of China. The subject of this research is the architectural peculiarities of cultural public objects, built in the first decade of the XXI century. At the present time, Harbin determines the old districts of the Russian period of development of the city; new building imitating historical architectural styles; and unique objects of cultural designation. The authors of exclusive projects and the Chinese architectural firms that recently improves their rating not only in China, but also abroad. The scientific novelty is defined by the rapid construction rates in Harbin and formation of its new architectural image. The article is first to explore contemporary architecture of the unique objects for the purpose of determination of stylistic and imagery characteristics. This would allow forecasting future development of architectural environment of the &ldquo;Russian Atlantis&rdquo;. The main conclusion consists in the fact that Harbin actively develops cultural functions that increase its status as an international tourism center. Chinese and foreign architectural firms are attracted to design of the objects. Their works indicate the search of memorable and remarkable objects with attached profound semantic meaning. Contemporary architectural objects reflect history, culture and traditions of China, as well as innovative approaches to the formation of urban environment.
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López-Chao, Vicente, and Antonio Amado Lorenzo. "Architectural Graphics Research: Topics and Trends through Cluster and Map Network Analyses." Symmetry 12, no. 12 (2020): 1936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym12121936.
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Graphic representation is a fundamental language in architecture and engineering because it facilitates the communication of any type of information. Therefore, professionals and students need continuous and updated training, with scientific references being the best source of knowledge. However, accessing the latest findings is a complex process for people in the professional world or without an extensive research background since there are no specific filters in the databases, such as architectural graphics. This manuscript aims to define the research topics and trends in architectural graphics as a point of reference for novel professors and new researchers in graphics or drawing. A database on the Scopus-indexed scientific production of the professors of architectural graphics from public architecture schools in Spain has been developed. Furthermore, cluster and map network analyses have been performed using VOSviewer with different levels of co-occurrence to define what this group of academics investigates and how the issues are related. The results evidenced a structure in four categories: the philosophy and theory of architectural graphics, the theory of geometry in architectural heritage, the application of digital graphics in architecture education and urban design management. Research gaps are mentioned and a base framework for the future of research in architectural graphics is proposed.
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Li, Yan, and Kai Xie. "Design of the Low-Carbon and Ecological Kindergarten." Applied Mechanics and Materials 99-100 (September 2011): 617–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.99-100.617.
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The public in China have a vague notion of architecture energy conservation, additionally the various and complex geographical position and climate, so the problem of architectural energy dissipation has deteriorated. In terms of architectural energy conservation, this design wholly considered energy conservation and emission reduction in the whole life cycle. The theory of “nonexistence-existence-nonexistence” should be carried out practically and low-carbon, ecological kindergarten will be founded in Huainan by studying and taking advantage all kinds of reasonable energy conservation technology. We should exert a subtle influence on cultivating children’s sense of energy conservation and emission reduction in order to make it be popular in the society which treats children as center.
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Lucchi, Elena, and Anna Caterina Delera. "Enhancing the Historic Public Social Housing through a User-Centered Design-Driven Approach." Buildings 10, no. 9 (2020): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10090159.
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The study presents a didactic experience for the deep refurbishment and the revitalization of the San Siro neighborhood in Milan (Italy). The public housing is a significative example of the 20th-century architecture (also named “Italian Modernism of Architecture”), designed by the Italian architects—Franco Albini, Renato Camus, Giancarlo Palanti, and Laslo Kovacs (1938–1941). Nowadays, it is a multicultural area, characterized by the presence of a fragile population, with strong socio-spatial inequalities, intercultural and intergenerational conflicts. Here, an architectural design project is realized, experimenting with innovative and up-to-date design solutions. This experience develops a sensitive awareness of the multidimensional complexity of the environmentally responsible design, which requires a critical balance among different disciplines and skills. The reusing of existing buildings has sustainable importance for preventing new land-uses and for saving the potential energy consumption related to the construction process. Only a widespread knowledge of the local socio-economic conditions through participatory actions permits the selection of appropriate retrofit solutions, considering also the high cultural, social, and economic values. Functional and social mix, space flexibility, green design, renewable energies, circular economy criteria, and continuative maintenance are the correct strategies for boosting the social revitalization and for improving fairness, safety, architectural quality, human comfort, energy efficiency, and sustainability in this public housing neighborhood.
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Zhao, Jie. "Analysis and Design of Environmental Protection and Energy Saving in Modern Society Building." Advanced Materials Research 908 (March 2014): 355–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.908.355.
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With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living level, improving living conditions and public buildings, architectural design requirements are also constantly improved. Modern architecture should consider not only beautiful and comfortable, but also take into account the design individuality, while taking into consideration the people-oriented design concept of environmental protection and energy saving. This also makes the environmental friendly and energy-saving building is the development direction of future architecture. This paper analyzes the modern architecture of the ecological and environmental protection, gives the method to realize the construction of energy-saving environmental protection design and the use of new materials, new equipment and new technology of the existing.
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Lootsma, Bart. "From pluralism to populism: Architectural criticism in times of the Internet." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 3, no. 3 (2011): 254–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1103254l.
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Architecture has changed from a discipline in service of the larger part of the population through public housing, public buildings, public spaces, urban planning and design to a particular and already in itself disparate niche market of the real estate business that has more to do with the media industry than with public tasks. Architectural criticism has become part of this media industry as well. Thus, Postmodern architecture could flourish as the bastard child of political and cultural populist strategies. Today, architectural criticism finds itself in a deep crisis due to new developments in publishing and it's financing. This also affects Critical Theory. With its background of ideas rooted in Marxism and Enlightenment, Critical Theory seems to have great difficulty with not only the speed of new developments and the unpredictability of their directions, but also with the increasingly dominant irrational but powerful aspects of marketing and propaganda in which it's voice seems no longer heard beyond the walls of the academic ghetto.
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Galjer, Jasna, and Sanja Lončar. "Socially engaged architecture of the 1950s and its transformations." Etnološka tribina 49, no. 42 (2019): 194–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.15378/1848-9540.2019.42.08.
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This paper investigates the links between architecture and its social purpose and focuses specifically on the building and institution known today as the Public Open University Zagreb (Pučko otvoreno učilište Zagreb – POUZ), which was previously called Moša Pijade Workers' (and People's) University (Radničko (i narodno) sveučilište "Moša Pijade" – RANS). The paper examines the innovative and experimental nature of the architectural concept of socially engaged architecture as part of the societal modernisation of the 1950s and 1960s, as well as changes to its function up to the present post-socialist condition. The authors discuss the complex relationship between employees, beneficiaries, programmes and the architectural design and the political, economic and social context. The aim is to explore sociocultural categories and how culture, work, education and the city interacted with one another during different time periods. By using theoretical and methodological insights gleaned from cultural anthropological approaches to space and architecture, the paper demonstrates how the identity, significance and values ascribed to the production of public space were shaped, medialized and modified through time.
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Klochko, Asmik, and Iuliya Yaseneckaya. "Modern trends in architectural design of hospices." Stroitel stvo nauka i obrazovanie [Construction Science and Education], no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/2305-5502.2020.2.2.
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Introduction. This article reviews the brief history of palliative care spreading, it also studies specific characteristics of palliative care centers architecture. It also gives attention to the current condition of hospices in our country, and to the problems and opportunities that these hospices face. Materials and methods. Studies consider, firstly, methods of comparative analysis and synthesis of foreign and domestic scientific, literary and design materials; secondly, use of opinion poll findings; thirdly, use of interdisciplinary approach, which takes into account issues in the fields in medicine, sociology, legal regulations, that affect a set of requirements for hospice and palliative care centers design. Results. of the survey are presented as recommendations for the design of hospice territory, their landscaping, architectural planning and architectural-artistic characteristics of hospice design. These results can be used in architectural practice of hospice and palliative care centers design, as well as in the teaching and learning process as guidelines for hospice and palliative care centers design. Conclusions. Basic recommendations for hospice design are introduced. Problem analysis in the context of architectural planning and city planning organization of hospices will help to improve the structure of such architectural objects, and investigate their typology for future evolution. Public involvement in palliative care evolution, and in particular from the point of view of their architectural and spatial design, places an emphasis not only on currently dominating entertainment culture, but also on human duty and dignity.
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Tostões, Ana. "Manuel Salgado interviewed by Ana Tostões." Modern Lisbon, no. 55 (2016): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/55.a.wdsh9h4l.
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On August 2016, Ana Tostões interviewed the architect Manuel Salgado, councilor of the Municipality of Lisbon since 2007, in order to discuss the main policies undertaken and his ideas on urban planning in its connection to mobility infrastructures, public space and the continuous reconstruction of park and green areas, in Lisbon. Manuel Salgado was born in 1944, Lisbon, and studied architecture at the Lisbon School of Fine Art (1968). From 1971 to 1982, he was the technical responsible for the architectural office CIPRO and in 1984 he became manager of the architectural office Risco. From 2002 to 2008, he was architecture professor, at Instituto Superior Técnico. He has participated in conferences worldwide and widely published, on urban planning, and has designed major urban projects and buildings in Portugal: the Belém Cultural Centre (with Vittorio Gregotti), the Lisbon Theatre and Film School, the Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal, the Expo’98 public areas, the FC Porto Dragão Stadium, the Lisbon Luz Hospital, etc. His architectural and public space projects received several awards: the Valmor Award (1980, 1998), the International Award Architecture in Stone (1993), the AICA Award (1998); the Portuguese National Design Award (1999) and the Brick in Architecture Award (2003). Within the Municipality of Lisbon, he took the position of councilor of the Urbanism and Strategic Planning Department in 2007, which accumulates, from 2009 to 2013, with the Municipality Vice-Presidency. Currently, as councilor, heads the Department of Planning, Urbanism, Urban Rehabilitation, Public Space and Construction of the Municipality of Lisbon.
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Bozkurt, Eray. "Exploration of Climate Change in Architectural Design Studio." SHS Web of Conferences 48 (2018): 01039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184801039.
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Many researches reveal that climate change is a significant public issue. With the rising awareness of climate change impacts by both national and international bodies, building climate resilience has become a major goal for many institutions. This influence began to find path in architectural design education. Architectural design education is mostly given in the design studios. Each semester, the studio instructors prepare design briefs that need to be completed in a required period of time with given constraints. This is an opportunity for the design studios to adapt new theories and approaches like climate change into the design study. This article describes the experiences of the studio team after the design work proposed for climate. The study explains the transition from research to design stage. The studio tutors collected data after close observations on 42 students from Yasar University, School of Architecture third year studio.
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Florenza ; Bachtiar Fauzy, Tamara. "ECLECTIC ARCHITECTURE ON MASJID PUSDAI BUILDING IN BANDUNG." Riset Arsitektur (RISA) 2, no. 03 (2018): 264–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26593/risa.v2i03.2946.264-281.
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Abstract- Eclectic architecture is a product of globalization in which architectural styles from different places and time intertwine each other. The development of eclectic architecture in Indonesia tends to follow the trend, neglecting the local value. A study towards eclectic architecture is necessary to raise society’s concern towards the identification of foreign and local architectural style. Masjid PUSDAI Bandung is selected as a research object to represent these issues above, in which the architectural style of Spain, Indian, and Javanese mosque intertwined each other. The research’s purpose towards the research object as a representation of eclectic architecture is to define the meaning of eclectic architecture in Masjid PUSDAI as well as to understand the form of eclecticism in Masjid PUSDAI. The eclectic architecture form will be analyzed towards the mixture of Indian, Spain, and Javanese mosque architecture style.Literature study as a theoretical base consist of the main theories such as the theory of eclectic architecture and theory of form and technic, as well as the supporting theories such as the architecture of Spain, Indian, and Javanese mosque. A comparative-qualitative approach is used as research method. This method compares the documentation from building observation with the literature theories for a further analysis.Through this research it can be concluded that the eclectic architecture form of Masjid PUSDAI Bandung is seen through mixture of two to three architecture style among its elements, thus forming a new architecture style. However, the intertwinement of architecture style doesn’t show on several elements. Some of them show an identical form which is used in Indian, Spain, and Javanese mosque.This research is expected to educate readers, architecture students, and experts in academic fileds, about how to execute the eclectic architecture design in public facilities, especially on mosques in Indonesia. Keywords: eclectic, architecture, mosque
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Rice, Louis. "The nature and extent of healthy architecture: the current state of progress." Archnet-IJAR: International Journal of Architectural Research 13, no. 2 (2019): 244–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/arch-11-2018-0005.
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Purpose The design of the built environment is a determinant of health. Accordingly, there is an increasing need for greater harmonization of the architectural profession and public health. However, there is a lack of knowledge on whether designers of the built environment are changing their practices to deliver healthier urban habitats. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The research uses a multi-method approach to data analysis, including: systematic mapping study, structured review and thematic analysis. Findings The research finds that there are almost no requirements for the compulsory inclusion of health across institutions and agencies that have the power to execute and mandate the scope of architectural profession, training, education, practice or knowledge. Despite the urgent need for action and the myriad entreatments for greater integration between architecture and health, there is very little evidence progress. Practical implications The research has implications for the architectural profession and architectural education. Health and well-being is not currently an integral part of the educational or professional training requirements for architects. University educational curriculum and Continuing Professional Development criteria need to better integrate health and well-being into their knowledge-base. Social implications The design of the built environment is currently undertaken by an architectural profession that lacks specialized knowledge of health and well-being. There is a risk to society of environments that fail to adequately protect and promote the health and well-being of its inhabitants. Originality/value The research evidences, for the first time, the lack of integration of “health and wellbeing” within the architecture profession training or education systems.
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Alelwani, Raed, Muhammad Waseem Ahmad, and Yacine Rezgui. "Public Perception of Vernacular Architecture in the Arabian Peninsula: The Case of Rawshan." Buildings 10, no. 9 (2020): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings10090151.
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This research extends Hasan Fathy’s (1986) principle of vernacular architecture by focusing on the Rawshan through an investigation of two criteria: aesthetics and energy efficiency. The paper discusses the views of both the Saudi public and key decision-makers on reviving vernacular architecture in the context of Saudi Arabia’s rapidly developing economy, characterized by relatively high rates of energy consumption and CO2 emissions. This research explores (a) the interaction in domestic buildings of Saudi occupants with their windows, and how these are perceived as an interface with the external environment; (b) awareness and knowledge of the use of shading elements (such as Rawshans) to reduce the use of artificial lighting while maintaining indoor privacy; (c) Saudi awareness of, and familiarity with, the Rawshan as a vernacular element and a secular architectural tradition; and (d) Saudi views on the revival of traditional architectural elements with a focus on the Rawshan. An online survey (n = 812) was conducted across Saudi Arabia complemented by interviews with expert decision-makers (n = 23) to (a) assess criteria such as privacy, aesthetics, daylight, ventilation, and energy consumption in Saudi residences and (b) investigate the level of acceptance of an optimized retrofitted Rawshan design.
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Gawlikowska, Anna. "Communication and buildings. Space as mass-media." Budownictwo i Architektura 12, no. 4 (2013): 007–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.1953.
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After providing definition and social roles of communication, media and mass-media, placing of architecture and urban space as one of the media types is proposed. Subsequently, architecture is looked at in the context of mass-media meaning transmission methods, roles, functions, effects and drawbacks. Articulating phenomena in architectural communication are listed, along with exemplary methods, in which design of space can shape public opinion. Models of mass communication are defined and discussed in context of architecture and urban space. This paper provides examples of short-, intermediate-, and long-term effects facilitated through space, as well as analyses, how architecture performs functions of media in society.
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Mihajlov, Vladimir. "Architectural design in a new social order: Re-exploring the reasons for application of spatial standards." SAJ - Serbian Architectural Journal 4, no. 1 (2012): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/saj1201099m.
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The essence of the problem in this paper has been recognized in deterioration of public and residential space in the city, after deregulation of architecture in neoliberal context. This field is marked by increasing lack of rules-especially spatial standards in the architectural practice. Therefore, re-exploring the application of space standards in modern context is needed. The paper, thus, tries to give the answer to the following question: why contemporary architectural practice does not insist on standards for the design and planning any longer? Since the production of space in neoliberal context is powered by mighty individuals who tend to be unique and to manifest power, using the spatial standards in architecture is not welcome. However, NEO-Marxist orientation tries to revive the critical reflection of reality, and its main task is to define the standards and types derived from the spatial context. Different approaches, both theoretical and practical ones are necessary requirements in profession. A clear visibility of method is required for problem solving. The wider population should influence the architectural theory and practice by common set of criteria/standards. Finally, both ideological orientations mentioned are based on those who produce urban space and not on those who speculates with it.
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Butková, Miriama. "Scale of community centre: Clarification of the relation between scale and multifunctionality of community buildings." Architecture Papers of the Faculty of Architecture and Design STU 26, no. 3 (2021): 24–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/alfa-2021-0016.
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Abstract Community architecture is becoming a contributing tool for community development. In recent years it has gained popularity for its potential to encourage interaction and strengthen community ties. Community architecture represents not only the final product of architectural design but also the design process. It covers many kinds of community interventions and efforts of different extent; from tiny public space interventions to a complex design of community centres or comprehensive urbanistic structures focused on community well-being. Irrespective of the scale, their goal is the same; to provide space for leisure activities, networking, and reinforcing a sense of community. The most apparent design concept representing community architecture is the community centre, which provides space for meetings and interaction, and its program derives from the needs of a specific community. Furthermore, the design considers urbanistic relationships, architectural appearance, materials, spatial and functional requirements, interior design, equipment, and furniture solutions. The community architecture theory is an under-explored phenomenon in Slovakia. Thus, there is a lack of methodical design recommendations or guidelines for designing community centres as individual typological forms. The article focuses on the examination of 100 selected community facilities, identifying their prevalent features and their interrelationships. Presented research aims to examine fundamental characteristics of community centres, particularly their multifunctionality related to the character of the space, and the scale related to size in square meters. In conclusion, research suggests new size categories considering the relationship between the two factors.
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Ligtelijn, Vincent. "Aldo van Eyck and the Amsterdam playgrounds." Education and Reuse, no. 61 (2019): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.52200/61.a.n2t5pk5p.
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Aldo van Eyck design experiences engendered the development of broader architectural concepts, many of which he further developed in his writings. Aldo van Eyck used various forums to attack an impoverished functionalism that was devoid of qualities such as ambiguity and reversibility. In the history of architecture, it is rare for architects to reflect on their own work, but design and research, writing and building were intrinsic to Aldo van Eyck. He kept on looking for a formal vocabulary to bring the multiple and the general into order and harmony through his architectural assignments. When he set to work at the Amsterdam public works department the opportunity to regenerate the vacant urban spaces in the city arose through the design of an intricate network of playgrounds. This essay will focus on the architectural qualities of these playgrounds.
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Merie, Olha. "ARCHITECTURAL TASTE AS AN ARCHITECTURAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PHENOMENON, ITS FACTORS AND ROLE IN THE ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION AND PRACTICE." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 59 (March 1, 2021): 63–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.59.63-79.
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The article presents the results of a theoretical study of architectural taste as an architectural and psychological phenomenon, its factors and role in architectural education and practice. The peculiarity of architectural taste is facilitated by gustosology – complex science about aesthetic taste, its nature, peculiarities of formation and function in public life, role in the development of the general culture of personality and society generally. It is determined that architectural taste is an aesthetic pleasure derived from individual patterns of architecture preferences, which has an intellectual character, associated with the result of reasoning, sequence of evaluation and quick judgement, through which a non-trivial result is achieved by the proportionality of beauty. It was established that according to the theoretical research, the differences of architectural taste depend on factors: 1) professional and artistic (inherent to specialists – architects, designers and depends on the level of education and culture of a particular person); 2) sexual (for example, female tastes are more emotionally colored, more sensitive; they are mainly found in the design of the interiors of buildings); 3) national (hence – English, French taste); 4) ethnographic (for example, Hutsul style); 5) social (belonging to the noble family); 6) own and borrowed tastes (unification of tastes under the influence of fashion); 7) ecological (reflectses human’s attitude to the preservation and development of the eco-system); 8) educational (the study of tastes concerns the process of their formation in educational institutions); 9) physiological (perception of architecture); 10) psychological (temperament; psychological types of people by K. G. Jung according to the types of drawings of architectural objects (by Vinogradova E. I. and Barabanov A. A.). It is confirmed that architectural taste is formed throughout the life, and therefore may change. The results of the research are valuable for: theories of architecture; architectural education – for better understanding of students-architects by teachers of higher education institutions; for architectural practice in the field of urbanism and urban planning, as well as in work with customers; for the further experimental research, in particular, the identification of typology of architectural tastes of individuals and their psychological characteristics, which will be presented in the next publications of the author.
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Megahed, Naglaa A. "An exploration of the control strategies for responsive umbrella-like structures." Indoor and Built Environment 27, no. 1 (2016): 7–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x16669750.
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By integrating cybernetic features and computational schemes within architectural design, architects began to conceptualize a new form of architecture that adapts to the varying needs of the user and to environmental situations. As verified by contemporary architecture, responsive technologies allow softer, more flexible and more responsive architecture to emerge. As a result, there is a rising interest in umbrella-like systems that can intelligently respond to create a more sustainable environment, while expanding the vocabulary and practice of present-day architecture. The aim of this research is to review and highlight the importance and influence of umbrella-like systems on the creation of responsive architecture. In addition, the research aims to present recently embedded software technologies perpetrated by current practice in umbrella-like structures to explore the role of control strategies in responsive architecture.
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Vasylenko, O., O. Mykhailenko, I. Shmarev, and A. ,. Tanirverdiyev. "ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING OF THE INTERIOR SPACES OF RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS (LIGHT COMFORT)." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-263-271.
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The paper identified the main aspects of the natural lighting of interior spaces of residential and public buildings, affecting the light forms of education, the quality of light, visual comfort, visual discomfort, uneven illumination, and so on. The quality of architecture as a visual art is mainly evaluated because of visual impressionsthat are possible only in the presence of light. The modern period of development of society is characterized by objective civilized processes of global urbanization, as a result of which architecture itself becomes a cause of a disturbance in the state of balance of the environment for human life and the cause of the ecological crisis. It is known that under the influence of such anthropogenic factors as a decrease in the transparency of the atmosphere due to the growth of cities and industry, insolation resources are changing in residential areas. In the framework of the concept of an urban-ecological approach in the formation of the human environment, the problems of creating a comfortable bioclimatic architecture or ecological buildings that allow the multilateral use of the energy of the Sun are highlighted.Among the factors determining the quality of the environment, an important place is occupied by the natural light environment, which largely depends on the nature of the light climate. Sunlight has a comprehensive impact on all major categories of architecture, including light comfort, durability, expressiveness, and economy. The appropriate level and quality of lighting in rooms and urban areas is an important prerequisite for creating light comfortable living conditions for a person, contributes to his creative activity, increase labor productivity and improve leisure conditions. The parameters of the light environment are one of the main elements that form the microclimate of the premises.In many developed countries, in connection with the expansion of megacities, the issue of not only functional, but also visual aesthetic comfort of the environment is becoming relevant. Creating a light environment that meets the practical, psychological andaesthetic requirements of the people who live in it is one of the most important tasks of an architect. Knowledge of the basic compositional properties of lighting, the ways of its rational use in architecture, and the possession of methodological skillsin architectural design contribute to the successful solution of this problem. Lighting conditions determine the correct perception of the compositional rhythm, the proportions and depth of the premises, plastics and color finishes of the surface.The concept of a light environment includes the integral coordination of the components of natural and artificial lighting, considered in unity and interaction. The progressive reception of integrated (combined) lighting is dictated by social need and is reflected in improving the quality of lighting and in saving resources for the design and construction of buildings and structures.Modern advances in the field of fundamental and natural sciences allow us to improve the methods and means of research and forecasting in the knowledge of the complex interaction of man and the environment. The main task is to optimize the light environment in architecture with the rational use of energy and natural resources.The analysis of scientific works and design practice of architectural firms of Ukraine allowed us to identify a number of unresolved issues (in the aspect of accounting and solving the problem of the comfort of the lighting environment in architecture): 1) black-and-white shaping as a specific tool for architectural composition to achieve plastic expressiveness and as a tool for the architect’s creativity; 2) in the process of developing the facades of buildings for various purposes, the relation to the functional and formative function of light is traced; 3) theeffect of sunlight on interior spaces; 4) the effect of sunlight on residents in high-rise residential buildings. The problem of creating a comfortable lighting environment in European architecture has not been comprehensively considered to date, which served as the basis for analysis and discussion in this work.The comfort of the light environment is lighting, it is the light formation of the interior spaces of architectural objects. The comfort of the lighting environment can satisfy people in the interior according to many requirements, divided into qualitative and quantitative categories.Quantitative categories are determined by the level of necessary illumination. Qualitative categories are determined by the spectral composition of light and its distribution in space.
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Shahinyan, S. M., and A. S. Shahinyan. "Contrast Harmony New Implementations In Interior Design Architecture in the Republic of Armenia." Advanced Materials Research 1020 (October 2014): 732–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1020.732.
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In Armenia there are determined new tendencies for interior design in particular public areas. Here in the article we would like to emphasize on post soviet time national values declaim or dramatically extravagant contemporary solutions in the architecture, based on as called modern but out-of-taste restaurants, trading houses and especially luxury houses designed interior where modern and comfort environmental atmosphere is just adjusted for nowadays life. After all this tendency created a new way in architecture, where it could be seen different periods comprehensions expressed in the same area and possibility to create an atmosphere of new architectural historical environment where it is possible to detach modern and antique styles as well as create contrast in the harmony.
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Knoop, Hannah. "Architects as Public Intellectuals: How Far Beyond Can We Go?" Dimensions 1, no. 1 (2021): 111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/dak-2021-0114.
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Editorial Summary The research of Hannah Knoop is methodologically based on political theory, extended by fundamental methods of art history and the humanities. The starting point of her work is the presumption that the work on the design, the architectural activity, also inherits an intellectual dimension and that both the architect as a person understands, and represents the challenge, expectation, and dimension of the so-called intellectuality, as well as that the public grants her this quality. She observes that the quantitative research method in political science is based on three principles: contextuality, processuality, and reflexivity; terms that are quite familiar within the discipline of architecture and which have corresponding connotations. In doing so, she stresses that a critical examination and constant review of this transfer from an established research science to the architectural research field is essential. [Ferdinand Ludwig]
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Dudka, O. "THE LATEST TRENDS IN THE FORMATION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF MODERN PUBLIC CENTERS IN A SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." Municipal economy of cities 6, no. 159 (2020): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33042/2522-1809-2020-6-159-78-84.
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The article reveals the latest trends in the modern development of the architecture of public centers in large cities, innovative methods of formation in the urban environment, defines their specificity and requirements, analyzes the features, patterns and modern design solutions in conditions of sustainable development. The relevance of this study is associated with the need for new systemic approaches in the formation of multifunctional facilities, taking into account modern urban planning concepts, which allow the formation of new types of public entities and become an important structural element of the urban environment. Turning to foreign experience in organizing multifunctional public centers, one can find that the main components of the architectural formation are their urban planning and the spatial organization of a favorable architectural environment. It is important to note this aspect: for the formation of large public centers in conditions of sustainable development, the following main trends are characteristic: the formation of a developed spatial organization - an architectural and compositional formation. Also a bright architectural and artistic image - a dominant in the urban environment, integration into the natural landscape - ecological direction of sustainable development, effective functional zoning, well-developed engineering infrastructure and communications. Thus, it has been determined that a multifunctional public center in the structure of a large city is a specific type of architectural object, which is formed into a single complex of spatial and planning elements that organize the core of the social and business life of this city.
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Greer, Alan. "Sir James Craig and the constrution of Parliament Buildings at Stormont." Irish Historical Studies 31, no. 123 (1999): 373–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021121400014218.
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Architecture has its political uses: public buildings being the ornament of a country; it establishes a nation, draws people and commerce, makes the people love their native country, which passion is the original of all great actions in a Commonwealth.Sir Christopher WrenWhen the prince of Wales formally opened the new Northern Ireland Parliament Buildings at Stormont on 16 November 1932, it brought to an end over ten years of controversy, delay, confusion, and wrangling over both finance and design. Although approval to build a new parliament house and administrative offices was given in the autumn of 1922, and preliminary work began on the site in 1923, the above-ground foundation stone was not laid until 1928, and the departmental offices were not occupied until April 1931. There is an extensive literature which stresses the political significance of the architecture of civic and public buildings such as parliament houses, law-courts, government offices and even theatres. Other writers have noted the linkages between architecture, empire, nationalism and state formation. Thomas Metcalf commented that distinctive architectural forms ‘sought to manifest the ideals of imperialism’ and were designed to enhance ‘the hold of Empire over ruler and ruled alike’. For architects such as Herbert Baker, classical design, with its monumentality and ideals of law, order and government, was the only architectural form appropriate for the representation of empire. This was an architecture which gave a ‘visible shape to the new imperialism of the turn of the twentieth century’.
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Bilhorodska, O. Ye, and Yu R. Kravchuk. "PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCY AS A COMPONENT OF ARCHITECTURE-STUDENTS TRAINING." Problems of theory and history of architecture of Ukraine, no. 20 (May 12, 2020): 332–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31650/2519-4208-2020-20-332-339.
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The article reveals the meaning of “competency”. The author proves that purpose of higher education is to acquire a high level of academic and creative artistic, professional and general competencies required for activities in a specific occupation or a field of knowledge. In Ukrainian education the term “competency” is used within the meaning suggested by European countries. DeSeCo programme (Definition and Selection of Competencies: Theoretical and Conceptual Foundations) launched in 1997 within the Federal Statistics Department (Switzerland) and the National Centre for Education Statistics (USA and Canada) defines “competency” as an ability to successfully meet one’s individual and social needs, to act and to perform tasks. Competency is based on knowledge and skills, but is not limited to those. It always includes one’s personal attitude to the above, and one’s experience enabling to “entwine” such knowledge with what the person already knows, and ability to guess a real-life situation, in which he/she will be able to apply such knowledge. In other words, each competency is built on a combination of cognitive attitudes and practical skills, knowledge and abilities, values, emotions, behavioural components, i.e. everything one can summon up for an active action. The author elucidates the essence and content of the competency-based approach to development of professional competencies in architecture students and analyzes professional competency as a component of training of architects-to-be. Acquisition of professional competencies by architecture students must rely on existing key competencies of school leavers. They must be fluent in the national language and have foreign language communication skills, must have information and communication competency and mathematical competency, teamwork skills, self-learning skills throughout their lives, etc. However, a student’s personal qualities also play a key role here, such as creative talent, developed spatial thinking, responsibility, organizational skills, teamwork skills, originality, ingenuity, creativity, realistic approach, sense of harmony, taste and style, observation skills, good memory, sociability and punctuality. Architectural training in Ukraine lasts for 6 years. One can divide training of architects-to-be into the following stages: I. Initial: introducing students to their future occupation. Realization of their potential in architecture will depend on their perceptions developed at this stage. This stage may help a person to understand his/her place in occupation or to become disillusioned with the chosen field. Time-wise this stage covers the first and second years of study. II. Evolvement: development of the feeling of professionalism. This is facilitated by studying occupation-oriented coursesand understanding the content of the future professional activity. Time-wise this stage covers the third and fourth years of study. III. Final: architecture students begin to realize specific features of their future occupation. They do not only have acertain scope of knowledge, but are able to acquire their own subjective experience in architectural activity. Time-wise this stage covers the fifth and sixth years of study and includes preparation of a graduation thesis. The article reveals that at all stages of training Architectural Design is a key major course, where students learn methods for comprehensive solution of an architectural problem in view of contemporary stylistic trends and design standards, study features of design of buildings with varying three-dimensional spatial structure, learn typological features of residential and public buildings. The article offers a partial analysis of international and domestic experience in architectural training using the process of architectural practical training as an example. When performing practice-oriented design projects, students develop skills for professional solution of architectural and artistic, functional planning, design and technology problems and gradually create their own creative methodof architectural design. During their initial years of study students hone skills in variable methods of sketching, techniques for three-dimensional, structural, image-bearing, colouristic modelling of architectural composition, which greatly enriches their creative experience in design. Organization of learning activity implies that students find their own ways to solve the problem based on familiarization with known methods of occupational activity. In senior years of study problematic nature of Architectural Design contributes to professional growth of students, creative design encourages use of parti diagrams, creative techniques and innovative methods of search for solutions. It stimulates creative activity of students and develops their self-reliance,which is greatly contributed by creation of learning situations close to real-life architectural activity. The article offers a partial analysis of international and domestic experience in architectural training using the process of architectural practical training as an example. The author gives examples of students’ architectural practical training in Ukraine, Germany, Poland, USA, Sweden and France.
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Saveliev, Matvei V., Mikhail D. Roman, and Nikolay V. Bondar. "THE PRINCIPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF URBAN WATERFRONTS AS COMFORTABLE PUBLIC RECREATIONAL ENVIRONMENT." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie, no. 40 (2020): 108–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/22220836/40/9.
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The authors address the problem of development of urban waterfront territories. Therefore the focus is on the basic principles of the organization of public recreational areas. The relevance of the interest is generally stipulated by the following reasons. Firstly, due to the analysis of the domestic and overseas waterfront design experience it seems reasonable to point out that the quality of urban living depends directly on the viability of open public spaces. The waterfront area proves to be a major element of urban tissue that can be related as the city image. Secondly, it can be reasonable to outline a range of issues that are extremely important for many cities in Russia such as the lack of land improvement, comfortable living environment and architectural-aesthetic identity in terms of the image of waterfront areas. The article aims to reveal basic principles of spatial organization of urban waterfront areas. The study is carried out on the material of the domestic and overseas experience in design solu-tions and existing public recreational areas. This implies the analysis and comparison of the following cases: waterfront revival in great cities and suburban towns within Russia as well as overseas experi-ence on regeneration of abandoned waterfront areas. Furthermore, there is the description of the main methods, principles, prospective directions in design management and architectural-aesthetic features of each considering design solution. The methodological basis of the research incorporates architectur-al, art, historical and cultural approaches. In terms of key results of the research we consider highlighting such principles of the organiza-tion of urban waterfronts as multilayer communication structure which are the priority for pedestrian circulation and multilevel waterfront environment; the ability to access water bodies, the addition of focal points, viable and barrier-free environment. Moreover, one of the most important factors is the concentration of urban recreational areas with diverse multifunctional zones that can be used both in summer and winter seasons. The preservation of ecological framework and maintenance of biodiversi-ty, the reliance on water protection zones as well as the appliance of eco-materials are also considered to be a range of inalienable measures in urban waterfront design. Waterfronts cannot be designed sepa-rately from adjacent urban bodies that, for example, can represent historical value. Architectural-aesthetic image of urban waterfronts should meet the modern tendencies in architecture, urban plan-ning and design or emphasize historical identity of urban development. The overall statements are supported by the analysis of the following design solutions: the embankment of Zaryadye Park in Moscow; the design of the waterfront regeneration in Divnogorsk in Krasnoyarsk region; the design of Riga waterfront in Latvia, the design of Seine quayside reinvention in Paris; the East River waterfront in New York; the waterfront arear HafenCity in Hamburg. Overall, due to the results of our research the organization of urban waterfronts incorporates a variety of crucial factors (in terms of architecture, urban planning and design, imageability, ecology, economy etc) which add the complexity to the designing process. Nevertheless, the implementation of the basic principles of design provides waterfronts with the high level of diversity and comfort for cities’ inhabitants.
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Brown, Robert D., and Robert C. Corry. "Evidence-Based Landscape Architecture for Human Health and Well-Being." Sustainability 12, no. 4 (2020): 1360. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12041360.
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More than 80% of the people in the USA and Canada live in cities. Urban development replaces natural environments with built environments resulting in limited access to outdoor environments which are critical to human health and well-being. In addition, many urban open spaces are unused because of poor design. This paper describes case studies where traditional landscape architectural design approaches would have compromised design success, while evidence-based landscape architecture (EBLA) resulted in a successful product. Examples range from school-yard design that provides safe levels of solar radiation for children, to neighborhood parks and sidewalks that encourage people to walk and enjoy nearby nature. Common characteristics for integrating EBLA into private, public, and academic landscape architecture practice are outlined along with a discussion of some of the opportunities and barriers to implementation.
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Oliynyk, Olena. "FORMATION OF URBAN PUBLIC SPACES IN THE ARCHITECTURE OF POSTMODERNISM." Current problems of architecture and urban planning, no. 59 (March 1, 2021): 89–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.32347/2077-3455.2021.59.89-97.
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The article deals with the most characteristic features of postmodernism in architecture and in the formation of urban spaces. Postmodernism in architecture was involved as a solution that would combine the rationality and feasibility of modernism with artistic and design solutions. However, in the postmodern era, the urban environment is gradually losing its historical memory, its importance as an anthropological category and as a place of identity identification.
 Urban centers are turning into purely commercial theme parks for tourists. Postmodern space is an urban structure formed by signs that meet the demands of society. The Postmodern City Image is a conglomerate of ideas and images built with the help of visual personality memory.
 Rem Koolhaas calls this phenomenon a «Junkspace», built as a conglomeration of ideas, concepts and dreams. This space is designed to please people thanks to whimsical and exaggerated elements: neon, casinos and buildings that combine architectural elements of any age with the intention to create a new architectural style.
 Las Vegas is a hypertrophied example of a postmodern city. Its urban landscape leaves facades and walls aside, replacing them with signs and symbols. Such a symbolic place becomes timeless, unrealistic and transit, not intended for everyday life. Space and time in such a city lose their essence. Urban space brings together different elements from other historical, artistic and cultural eras to interpret them as reflecting modernity. The value of images copied from historical reality becomes more important than reality itself. Humanity regards this unreal world as an idealized model of society, parallel to the one that actually exists, more attractive and interesting. Thus, the very essence of the architecture, the meaning of which is replaced by temporary advertising symbols, is lost.
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Pilsitz, Martin. "Drawing and Drafting in Architecture Architectural History as a Part of Future Studies." Periodica Polytechnica Architecture 48, no. 1 (2017): 72–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppar.11310.
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Architectural historians take an academic interest in past architectural styles and techniques. The actual value of the exploration of the past is to design, from the knowledge gained, a possible image of the future. Consequently, architectural history becomes a part of the futurology. In this context, the first questions are in regard to the fundamental skills of architects. How does work drafting in the architecture? What future presentation methods could be applied? The following article takes a critical look at factors that may influence solutions in the field of drafting in the future, such as the inclusion of the public in the dialogue of the drafting process. This could lead to a discussion about the current didactic for the teaching of drafting and architectural history at universities. Architectural history currently creates a rigid corset for the concepts of styles and for different time frameworks. Is this approach still up-to-date at all? Because of the current teaching method, the vocabulary predominantly originates from the history of art. Accordingly, large numbers of lexical facts are taught and requested, but are there other options available? Against the background of current developments, the question arises: whether architects and architectural historians should not become emancipated and develop, for subject-related issues, their own linguistic forms of expression? If this approach were to be taken into consideration, the knowledge gained and the practical benefits from these studies would be a multiple for the everyday work of prospective architects. As a result, the future of architecture would obtain its own past.
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Salingaros, Nikos A. "Book Review: Making Dystopia — The Strange Rise and Survival of Architectural Barbarism, by James Stevens Curl, Oxford University Press. 2018." International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 12, no. 3 (2018): 327. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v12i3.1828.
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This is a review of the scholarly book “Making Dystopia — The Strange Rise and Survival of Architectural Barbarism”, by Professor James Stevens Curl. The book is severely critical of the Modernist movement in architecture, holding it responsible for the loss of historical, traditional, and vernacular building cultures. It goes further to associate the loss of other valuable aspects of culture with the erasing influence of modernist thought. The obvious transformation of the built environment influenced people subconsciously away from older compassionate, humane design practices, and towards a cold, inhuman industrialism. Today’s unsustainable Industrial-Modernism is not the inevitable consequence of a natural process of architectural evolution, while the Bauhaus was not an enlightened architecture school. Professor Stevens Curl’s work is an invaluable resource for academia, the public, and professional practitioners. It could help to trigger a massive re-orientation of the building industry, helped by forward-thinking legislators. An enlightened and interested public has to come to grips with what happened, and try and fix it for a better society in the future.
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Vityuk, E. Yu, and Zh E. Umorina. "NATURAL TECHNOLOGIES AS A NEW PRINCIPLE OF CONFORMATION IN ARCHITECTURE." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 4 (August 29, 2018): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2018-20-4-55-64.
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Purpose: The aim of the paper is to identify effective ways of architectural form making of public facilities using an ecological approach. This is due to a new role of architecture in the urban sustainable development through the creation of aesthetically attractive and functional comfortable and safe environment. A special attention is paid to economic efficiency of objects, namely cost reduction in building construction and operation. This goal can be achieved through the improvement of design and construction technologies, development of the construction material industry, and interdisciplinary approach to the problem solution which implies the collaboration of specialists. Methodology/approach: Analytical, synergetic and inductive approaches are used in these studies. Based on the identification of particular cases of the new approach to the application of living nature in architecture and construction and their analysis and systematization, an algorithm of creating architectural objects is developed using natural technologies. The fields of their application are indicated within the architectural theory and practice. Form making experiments are carried out using natural technologies utilized by foreign specialists. Findings: Natural technologies can be systemized in the following way: – a living being as a prototype of an architectural object (external form, architectural bionics); – construction technology used by a living being as a prototype of building technologies in architecture (principle of space organization and structure formation); – a living being as a builder of architectural objects (e.g. use of bacteria as a building material); – a living being as a source of building material (objects produced by living beings, such as shells, chitin, silk thread, etc.). It is found that this approach is being intensively developed by foreign architects and designers jointly with other specialists (engineers, biologists, etc.), but has no spheres of application as well as related centers in Russia. Results: Natural technologies are very important for the transition to a model of sustainable urban development, since their use improves the ecological situation, provides efficient use of natural resources and reduces construction costs. A research group should be created for studying the foreign experience in using natural technologies for the development of research program on implementing this approach in Russia. Practical implications: Research results can be readily used for subsequent studies on similar or related topics; in the academic process for training architects; in real design of ecoarchitectural creative spaces and objects, which will positively affect the development of green economy in Russia. This approach can be applied in different regions and climatic zones of the world with its adaptation to local conditions, because it is a universal design method with mandatory application of the creative approach. Originality/value: The originality of research lies in the architectural typology modification connected with form making, planning and design concepts. Systematization of local knowledge and experiments is provided by construction materials and technologies. Theorization of the new pre-design and design methods can be identified as a natural technology approach.