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1
Valieva, A. R. "Environmental management through public control." BIO Web of Conferences 179 (2025): 18001. https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202517918001.
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One of the global challenges of our time is the environmental situation deterioration. The environmental management system is designed to ensure the order and consistency of solving environmental issues through approved methods, procedures, and processes. Public participation plays a special role in this process. The forms of public participation in environmental protection may vary. The article examines management process in natural resource management, the use of public control in the field of environmental safety, in particular, the development of the institute of public inspector for environmental protection in the Russian Federation. Meeting the necessary public need in the field of environmental safety requires bringing public control in the environmental field into a certain organized system with appropriate norms and rules. The paper analyzes the practical and legal foundations of public inspection, identifies a number of areas for improving the activities of environmental inspectors.
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Machuska, I., O. Titova, and I. Argatiuk. "PUBLIC CONTROL IN THE SPHERE OF OVERUSE: PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS." Znanstvena misel journal, no. 91 (June 26, 2024): 57–60. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12541144.
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The article is devoted to the research of the institute of public control in the field of subsoil use. It is noted that the formation and functioning of an effective state objectively requires the establishment of public control, which will allow the authorities to competently perform their duties and take into account the interests of citizens. It has been proven that public control is a function of civil society, therefore it is a way of involving the population in managing society and the state. It was established that one of the types of public control is public ecological control. It was found that public environmental control is a type of environmental control that is carried out by public environmental inspectors in accordance with legislation. The purpose, objects and subjects of public environmental control are analyzed. The article provides the author's definition of public control in the field of subsoil use. It was noted that public control in the field of subsoil use plays a significant role in ensuring the protection and rational use of subsoil. The article analyzes the legal regulation of public control in the field of environmental protection, including clean and subsoil use. The legal status of public inspectors in the field of environmental protection is analyzed. It is noted that public control over the use and protection of subsoil does not have a regulatory document that would regulate the position of the above-mentioned control subjects. A conclusion was drawn on the expediency of adopting the Law of Ukraine "On Public Environmental Control" with a separate section "Public Control in the Sphere of Subsoil Use". It is proposed to grant public inspectors performing control functions in the field of subsoil use the status of public subsoil protection inspectors.
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Kichigin, Nikolay V. "Current Legal Problems of Public Control in the Field of Environmental Protection." Zakon 20, no. 10 (2023): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2023-20-10-76-85.
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Public participation in environmental protection is a prerequisite for effective environmental policy. Environmental legislation provides for public environmental control. The analysis of federal environmental legislation shows that there are a number of legal problems in the field of public environmental control that need to be eliminated. The main problem is the lack of a unified approach and the need to unify the models of legal regulation of public environmental control in various acts of environmental legislation, which generates legal uncertainties.
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Shofiev, Zoir. "LEGAL IMPORTANCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN THE FIELD OF WATER RESOURCES OF FARMS." Jurisprudence 2, no. 3 (2022): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.2.3./azca7261.
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This article examines the content and legal significance of state and public environmental control in the field of rational use of water resources by farms. The author emphasizes the importance of decrees and resolutions of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan in improving environmental control. In this sense, environmental control has focused on ensuring the rational use of nature and the harmful effects on the environment. State control over the use and protection of water and water resources of farms should be carried out by local authorities, the State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection, the Inspectorate for Control over the Agro-Industrial Complex under the Cabinet of Ministers, the Ministry of Water Resources. It describes the types of state and public environmental control in the field of water use by farms. Scientists from the CIS countries also presented proposals and recommendations for environmental control in the field of water use by farms. In this article, the author defines the role of environmental and public control in the use of water resources by farms in the laws “On environmental control” and “On public control”.
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Chopko, Khrystyna. "ГРОМАДСЬКИЙ ЕКОЛОГІЧНИЙ КОНТРОЛЬ: ПРАВОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЙОГО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ". Visnyk of the Lviv University. Series Law, № 77 (12 грудня 2023): 235–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vla.2023.77.235.
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The article discusses the legal foundations of public environmental control in accordance with national and international legislation requirements. The environmental policy implemented by Ukraine, allowing public participation in monitoring compliance with the legislation on rational use of natural resources, environmental protection, conservation, and the formation of an ecological network, as well as ensuring environmental safety, is analyzed. The main aspects and stages of the state policy on the introduction of public environmental control are investigated, identifying certain shortcomings and proposing ways to address them. The author pays attention to the analysis of national legislative acts regarding the legal regulation of public environmental control and its main differences from other forms of environmental control. The author also analyzes the Regulation on Public Environmental Inspectors, approved by the Ministry of Environmental Protection and Natural Resources of Ukraine, which outlines the basic legal principles of public environmental control in Ukraine and provides a comprehensive list of requirements for individuals who wish to become environmental inspectors in the field of environmental protection, as well as defining the powers of public environmental inspectors. Furthermore, a number of other applicable legal acts regulating public control in the field of environmental protection are analyzed. These regulations require improvement and refinement, both in terms of conceptual apparatus and due to the absence of a unified structure for their placement. The article explores the implementation of law enforcement activities in the context of public environmental control carried out within the territory of Ukraine. International acts, including the Aarhus Convention, are also examined in terms of their regulation of public participation in environmental control. Keywords: environment, environmental control, types of environmental control, public environmental control, public environmental inspectors.
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Nurullaev, Shokhrukh. "LEGAL ASPECTS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL IN CONSTRUCTION." Jurisprudence 2, no. 3 (2022): 130–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.2.3./ownz7445.
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This article discusses the procedure and legal framework for environmental control in the construction industry, as well as provides sound recommendations on legislation in this area. Norm of the field in question provide legal definitions for existing environmental terms. Special attention was also paid to public environmental control in the implementation of environmental control in the course of ongoing construction work. In particular, it is scientifically and theoretically analyzed that the globalization of urbanization processes, population growth, changes in infrastructure also affect the legislation in the field of environmental protection. Possible legal problems in the field are predicted and hypotheses to overcome thereof are put forward. The role of environmental control and environmental expertise in the construction industry is legally substantiated. The state and problems of compliance with environmental and legal requirements of construction activities carried out by entrepreneurs are enumerated. The benefits and limitations imposed on them are expressed from the environmental protection perspective. In the final part, specific proposals are addressed on the mechanisms for implementing by-laws in the field of environmental protection of the construction industry.
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Boldyriev, Serhii, Tatyana Steshenko, Svitlana Serohina, Svitlana Fomina, and Iryna Kapelista. "Exercise of State Control over Local Self-Government in the Field of Environmental Protection." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON ENVIRONMENT AND DEVELOPMENT 20 (January 8, 2024): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/232015.2024.20.4.
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Today, environmental protection is a priority task for the governments of countries around the world due to the deepening of environmental problems and their impact on people's lives. Several problematic issues can and must be solved at the local level, which will make environmental policy more effective and take into account local needs. The study aimed to analyse the competence of local self-government bodies in terms of monitoring compliance with environmental legislation. A comparative analysis was used to study the issue of ensuring the protection of the environment and ecosystem by local self-government bodies through the prism of legal protection. During the research, several obstacles to the implementation of effective environmental protection measures at the local level were identified: the imperfection of the financing system, the lack of environmental awareness, the absence of effective administrative and procedural measures, and the imperfection of state control. In response to the identified problems, the positive experience of implementing the norms of the European Charter of Local Self-Government was investigated. It was established that the decentralization of local self-government had a positive effect on the protection of the ecosystem, as it brought local authorities closer to the public and provided local authorities with real powers to solve problems related to compliance with environmental legislation. In addition, to increase the effectiveness of mechanisms of state control over local self-government in the field of environmental protection, a system of principles of such control is proposed, consisting of publicity, systematicity, effectiveness, objectivity, impartiality, and universality. The proposed system will cover several key environmental problems and quickly and effectively solve them with the involvement of competent specialists and the public. The state of environmental protection at the local level is seen in further research and justification to determine practical recommendations for the implementation of decentralization of local self-government.
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Dalgaly, Tatyana, and Marina Vanslav. "Problems and prospects for the development of a public environmental control system." SHS Web of Conferences 94 (2021): 04006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20219404006.
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In Russia system of public environmental control is picking up momentum these days. It manages social relations in the field of environmental protection and rational use of natural resources. But it is not unique. It sometimes plays a crucial role, as in the case of diesel spillage in Norilsk in May 2020, but sometimes not. Natural resources have been developed all over the world for centuries with minimal environmental control. This is largely due to the fact that the adverse impact on the environment was not understood and assessed in the way it is now, and at that time the available technologies could not always prevent or control damage to the environment. The result of such unfavourable effect contaminated soils and water, flora and fauna, landscape and many others change. This article is devoted to the issues of improving the system of state and public control of environmental protection.
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Liutikov, P., and Ye Leheza. "Analysis of foreign experience of state control in the field of ferrous metallurgy (administrative and legal basis of financial and environmental control)." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 1 (May 29, 2023): 362–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.01.60.
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The article makes an attempt to summarize the foreign experience of state control in the field of ferrous metallurgy, namely, attention is focused on the administrative and legal foundations of financial and environmental control.
 The author draws attention to the fact that borrowing the experience of foreign countries in the field of state control in the field of ferrous metallurgy should become one of the priority directions on the way to the reform of this institute by the public administration in Ukraine after the end of the war with Russia. However, as practice shows, blind borrowing of foreign experience gives insufficient effect, sometimes creates legislative contradictions, leads to gaps in the regulation of one or another type of legal relationship, significantly reduces the level of efficiency of public administration in general and control in particular. Considering this caveat, it is important and necessary, along with borrowing foreign experience, to take into account national traditions and trends in the field of rulemaking and public administration.
 It is noted that the system of state control in the field of ferrous metallurgy in foreign countries is an important and indispensable institution of state administration. The main influence on the part of the controlling bodies of the ferrous metallurgy enterprise in foreign countries is mainly directed by the tax and environmental protection authorities. Positive experience in the implementation of state control in the field of ferrous metallurgy of such countries as the People's Republic of China, Germany, the USA, and Austria should be taken into account by the Ukrainian state when determining the principles of control activity in the specified field of public administration. In addition, it is extremely important, in the context of Ukraine's European integration efforts, to take into account the experience of the European Union states in this area.
10
Li, Xinjie. "Dynamic Combination Evaluation Method of Rural Environmental Pollution Control Effect." Complexity 2021 (April 29, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5531677.
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In recent years, the problem of environmental pollution has become more and more serious, and environmental pollution has become a topic of concern. PM2.5, PM10, hazy weather, and other words about environmental pollution have become hot words and topics for the media and the public to talk about, and environmental pollution control is called for by the media and the public. This reflects the rapid development of economy and the obvious changes in people’s living standards, and people have higher requirements and aspirations for their lives and the environment they live in, and their awareness of environmental protection is getting stronger and stronger; however, it also reflects that the rapid development of the economy comes at the cost of damaging the environment. This paper analyzes the current situation and governance dilemma of rural environment by means of field research from dynamic portfolio evaluation theory, explains the problems and causes of environmental pollution management under the requirement of polycentric governance, and proposes countermeasures to solve the problem of environmental pollution management in county. The paper aims to analyze the current state of environmental pollution in rural areas through literature review, villagers’ field interviews, and field research and to explain the application of polycentric governance to rural environmental pollution management in county in the region.
11
Makhkamov, Durbek. "Issues of legal support of public control in the protection of flora." Jurisprudence 1, no. 6 (2021): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.51788/tsul.jurisprudence.1.6./caep1874.
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The article presents a scientific and theoretical approach to the state and order of public control over the protection and use of the flora, analysis of the situation in practice. Assumptions are made about the role of the Constitution in protection and the impact of public control on it. Public control methods and processes of their practical application are illustrated with specific examples. The role of the media as a subject of public control over the protection of the plant is described in detail. The author also described the current state of legislation, scientific and theoretical views of scientists, and also developed proposals for improving legislation in this area. In particular, in connection with the nature of public control over the application of procedures in the field of protection and use of the flora, the order of their application and the legal regime are noted. Particular attention was paid to the issues of improving the norms of legislation aimed at regulating these relations, the introduction of a transparent mechanism for preventing offenses. The implementation of the proposals and comments contained in this article, firstly, will ensure the protection of flora objects, and secondly, it will serve as a demonstration of public environmental control in real life.
12
Zaynab Jabbar Hammoud, Al-Mihyawi. "Foreign experience of the legal regulation of the implementation of public control in the field of subsoil and environmental protection in the process of oil and gas production." Izvestiya of Saratov University. Economics. Management. Law 25, no. 2 (2025): 204–11. https://doi.org/10.18500/1994-2540-2025-25-2-204-211.
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Introduction. It is generally recognized that the development of oil and gas fields has an unequivocally positive impact on the development of the national economy of the state, ensures the growth of its well-being and competitiveness in the world. At the same time, oil and gas production activities also have negative consequences, which include environmental pollution, and sometimes lead to major environmental disasters that directly threaten the safety and health of the population. Compliance with environmental measures in complex technological processes requires detailed attention from government agencies, which, first of all, must ensure effective legal regulation and control in terms of compliance with fundamental environmental requirements on the part of industrial corporations. Theoretical analysis. The regulatory framework that has been developed at the international and domestic levels in the field of environmental protection substantively represents guidelines for oil and gas exploration and production for the development and application of occupational health, safety and environmental protection management systems. Empirical analysis. It has been revealed that internal control, which is carried out by companies independently on the basis of regulatory requirements of both national legal acts and international standards, plays an important role in environmental protection during any industrial production, including oil and gas production. Results. The analysis and assessment of foreign experience in legal regulation of public control in the field of subsoil and environmental protection during oil and gas production allowed us to come to a number of conclusions.
13
Grzeszczuk, Marta. "The Problems of Social Control in the Context of Forest Management Plans." Barometr Regionalny. Analizy i Prognozy 16, no. 5(S) (2019): 147–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.56583/br.74.
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Obligations to protect forest land form part of the obligation to protect the environment. Planning instruments are one of the most important legal institutions for protection of forests. The public administration has been equipped with competence to undertake planning activities in the field of forest management. At the same time, planning acts are among the most controversial issues. One of these is the act of forest management planning, which is a key planning instrument for forest management. The paper presents current views on the nature of forest management plans. In connection with the growing environmental awareness, more and more attention is paid to the issue of legal regulations for instruments of social control in the field of environmental protection law. The aim of this study is therefore to analyze the legal instruments enabling the implementation of social control in the field of forest management planning.
14
Volchenko, M. "SUBJECTS OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION WHICH PERFORM ADMINISTRATIVE AND LEGAL REGULATION IN THE SPHERE OF THE ANIMAL WORLD." Scientific Notes Series Law 1, no. 13 (2023): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-9230-2022-13-103-108.
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This article discloses the system of subjects of public administration that carry out administrative and legal regulation in the field of the animal world. The author determined that the subjects of legal regulation in the field of the animal world are a system of state and non-state bodies that are endowed with state-authority powers (or such powers are delegated to them) and are authorized to apply organizational, economic, and legal measures for the protection, use, and restoration of the animal world . State management and regulation in the field of protection, use and reproduction of the animal world is carried out by the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the President of Ukraine, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine, the Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, local state administrations, authorized central executive bodies in the field of protection, use and reproduction of the animal world, which include the central body of executive power that ensures the formation of state policy in the field of environmental protection, the central body of executive power that implements state policy in the field of environmental protection, the central body of executive power that implements state policy in the field of state supervision ( control) in the field of environmental protection, rational use, reproduction and protection of natural resources, the central body of executive power implementing state policy in the field of forestry and hunting, the central body of educational authorities implementing state policy in the field of fisheries, other authorized bodies of executive power in accordance with their powers and local self-government bodies. The largest number of subjects of legal regulation of the animal world belongs to the bodies of the executive power: the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine; Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine; State Environmental Inspection of Ukraine; State Agency of Fisheries of Ukraine, State Agency of Forestry of Ukraine, State Agency of Ecological Investments of Ukraine.
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Zaitsev, Iurii. "Theoretical and methodological foundations of interaction between the state and public sectors in the implementation of environmental protection measures in the context of digitalization." Bulletin of Postgraduate education (Series Social and Behavioral Sciences; Management and Administration) 30, no. 59 (2024): 233–45. https://doi.org/10.58442/3041-1858-2024-30(59)-233-245.
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The article examines the current state of the theoretical, methodological and organizational foundations of interaction between the bodies of state supervision (control) in the field of environmental protection and civil society institutions in the course of implementation of environmental protection measures. It is established that the study of environmental protection functions of public authorities, local self-government bodies, civil society institutions and business should be considered through the prism of their systematic interaction, since the implementation of such an approach ensures a balance between the economic and environmental directions of the State's development. The author presents the successful experience of foreign countries in terms of involving a wide range of civil society representatives in the implementation of environmental protection measures with the help of appropriate digital tools, which provides a qualitatively new level of convenience and speed of access to environmental information, and also provides new opportunities for civil society to influence the processes of making public administration decisions. The author analyzes the current regulatory framework for ensuring the functioning of the state supervision (control) bodies in the field of environmental protection in terms of the possibilities of interaction of these bodies with other state institutions, non-governmental environmental organizations and local self-government bodies and identifies the factors that negatively affect the effectiveness of joint work on the preservation and reproduction of the country's natural resource potential. Attention is focused on the need to ensure transparency and timely informing the population about the immediate prospects and expected results of changes in the field of environmental protection as a result of the introduction of digital innovations. The author suggests ways to improve existing approaches to the creation and implementation of innovations in the public sector by using the successful experience of conducting information and popularization campaigns in other industries
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Yue, Deng. "Public Private Partnership as a Tool to Improve Environmental Protection at the Local Management Level of China: Experience, Problems, Areas for Improvements." IZVESTIYA VUZOV SEVERO-KAVKAZSKII REGION SOCIAL SCIENCE, no. 2 (214) (June 30, 2022): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2687-0770-2022-2-102-111.
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At present, China's environmental situation is very severe, and the discharge of pollutants has approached or exceeded the environmental capacity. Traditional environmental governance methods can no longer effectively solve the problem of environmental pollution. However, the use of the public private partnership (PPP) model in the field of ecological environment can effectively solve the disadvantages of the traditional governance model, such as large funding gaps, poor management and control capabilities, and high operating costs. The application of the PPP model in the field of ecological environment is conducive to comprehensively improving the quality and efficiency of the supply of public products and services of the ecological environment, revitalizing existing assets, and broadening environmental protection investment and financing channels. In the environmental field, the scope and scale of public-private cooperation have begun to expand. The application of the PPP model for environmental governance is an innova-tive management tool for local governments in China to perform environmental functions.
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Sukhorebra, Tatyana. "INTERACTION AS A FORM OF NATURE PROTECTION ACTIVITY." Baltic Journal of Legal and Social Sciences, no. 2 (October 26, 2022): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2592-8813-2022-2-32.
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In the provisions of the scientific article, the author focused on clarifying the essence of the interaction between the executive authorities, local self-government bodies, the National Police and the public in matters of ensuring the effectiveness of the implementation of the institute of administrative responsibility in the field of nature protection. The definition of the content of the concept of «interaction of environmental protection subjects» has been improved by adding the category «continuity». It was found that in the system of nature protection subjects, an important place belongs to local self-government bodies, as the bodies that are in the closest connection with the community, have the best information about the state of natural resources in the relevant territory, as well as the presence of environmental problems. It was determined that the issue of cooperation is also an integral part of the activities of the National Police. An important role is assigned to the research of public control in the field of nature protection. It was concluded that with established interaction with executive authorities, local self-government bodies, the police, public organizations and citizens can instantly respond to violations of environmental legislation, timely identify offenders and use legal mechanisms to influence them.
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Kumar, Akhilesh. "International Health Law: An Emerging Field of Public International Law." Sri Lanka Journal of International Law 30, no. 1 (2024): 125–53. https://doi.org/10.4038/sljil.v30i1.7.
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International health law is an evolving academic discipline addressing the global need for health protection through various international legal frameworks. This paper examines the intersection of Public Interest Litigation (PIL) with international health law, highlighting how PIL serves as a crucial tool for advancing public health by leveraging legal advocacy. PIL which allows courts to address issues on behalf of the public or marginalized groups without requiring direct involvement from the aggrieved parties, plays a significant role in enforcing international legal regimes related to health. This includes international environmental law, human rights law, trade law, and arms control law, all of which impact public health. The primary objective of this paper is to elucidate the role of PIL in shaping and enforcing international health law, exploring how this legal mechanism can bridge gaps between domestic and international health regulations and contribute to global health governance. The connection between PIL and international health law is underexplored. The emerging field of international health law requires more robust mechanisms for addressing global health issues, and PIL could play a pivotal role in filling this gap. This paper addresses the problem of insufficient integration of PIL into international health law frameworks and advocates for a more systematic approach to utilizing PIL for advancing global health standards. By analyzing the interplay between PIL and international health law, this study aims to highlight the effectiveness of PIL in promoting international health objectives and propose strategies for enhancing its role in global health governance.
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Gordienko, Dmitry V. "DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION QUALITY INDICATORS IN THE SPHERE OF NATIONAL SECURITY. Part 2. Protection of national values, national culture and national history." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 1 (2022): 41–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.01.01.006.
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In the conditions of exacerbation of religious extremism and ethnic separatism at the beginning of the 21st century, cultural diffusion and the conduct of a hybrid war against Russia, the task of protecting their own national values, national culture and national history, and improving the quality of public administration becomes especially urgent for the Russian people. The purpose of this article is to substantiate the approach to the development of indicators of the quality of public administration in the field of national security. The paper analyzes the terminology and coherence of syntactic constructions in strategic planning documents, as well as the prospects for the protection of Russian national values, national culture and national history. The results of the analysis made it possible to propose an approach to the development and the list of indicators of the quality of public administration on this issue. The proposed approach to the development of indicators of the quality of public administration in the field of national security can significantly increase the level of information and analytical support and improve the methods of state control and monitoring of the relevant indicators of ensuring national security. The approach to developing indicators of the quality of public administration in the field of national security can be used to substantiate recommendations to the leadership of our country on improving state control and monitoring of relevant indicators for ensuring national security.
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Isakova, A. V. "Legal Support of Industrial Environmental Control from Investment Project to Operation." Actual Problems of Russian Law 15, no. 7 (2020): 207–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/1994-1471.2020.116.7.207-217.
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In recent years, the anthropogenic load on the environment has increased significantly; anomalies in the surface temperatures of the globe are noted. One of the reasons for this phenomenon is the presence of pollutants entering the environment from production facilities. One of the functions of public administration in the field of environmental protection is to empower economic entities to carry out industrial environmental control over their activities, that is, to exercise self-control. Industrial environmental control is mainly regulated by environmental and sanitary-epidemiological legislation. Since in recent years there has been an active implementation of large investment projects, it became necessary to analyze the implementation of industrial environmental control at all stages of the implementation of such projects, taking into account the latest changes in environmental legislation and requirements for industrial environmental control.
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Danyliuk, L. R. "Information component of environmental impact assessment." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 3 (July 18, 2023): 210–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.03.37.
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The article analyzes the concept and essence of the functions of environmental impact assessment and environmental information provision, establishes the importance of these functions in ensuring environmental safety, determines the place and role of the information component in the process of environmental impact assessment.Effective management in the field of environmental protection is important for organizing and guaranteeing the rational use of natural resources, implementing effective measures for their protection and reproduction, ensuring environmental safety. As is known, the system of management functions in the field of environmental protection is quite voluminous, which is determined by the specifics and types of environmental-legal relations themselves, and the variety and peculiarities of natural objects in relation to which these legal relations may arise, and the differentiated structure of management bodies. Among the main management functions in the field of environmental protection, the following will be distinguished: accounting in the field of natural resource use and environmental protection, maintenance of state cadastres of natural resources, environmental monitoring, environmental forecasting and programming, informing about the state of the environment, licensing and issuing permits in the field of natural resource use, environmental regulation and standardization, limitation in the field of use and environmental protection, environmental impact assessment, environmental control and others. And although each of them is an independent area of activity of specially authorized bodies, individual elements of some functions can be constituent parts of others.In ecological and legal science, there is a number of doctrinal studies devoted to management in the field of environmental protection in the complex or its separate functions. However, the topic of the informational component of environmental impact assessment remains insufficiently disclosed and needs additional elaboration.The article concludes that environmental information as a management function in the field of environmental protection is implemented through the fulfilment by authorized state bodies and local self-government bodies of their duties regarding the collection, processing, provision and use of information related to the protection and reproduction of the natural environment, the use of natural resources, ensuring environmental safety. At the same time, environmental information provision can be an element of other functions and play an important role in environmental monitoring, environmental impact assessment, and environmental control organization. In particular, the informational component is included in the environmental impact assessment and aims at timely, adequate and effective notification of the public about the planned activity and its consequences for the natural environment.
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BEKEZHANOV, Dauren, Gulnurа KOPBASSAROVA, Aktoty RZABAY, Zhaukhar KOZHANTAYEVA, Indira NESSIPBAYEVA та Kanat AKTYMBAYEV. "Еnvironmental and Legal Regulation of Digitalization of Environmental Protection". Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism 12, № 7 (2021): 1941. http://dx.doi.org/10.14505/jemt.12.7(55).19.
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The article is devoted to certain issues of environmental and legal aspects of the digital environment in the information system of environmental safety, issues of legal implementation of the digitalization program. This article has researched the importance and necessity of environmental digitalization. At the same time, the main idea of digital ecology is considered as the implementation of the National Strategy for Sustainable Development and prevention of Environmental Disasters, control of public opinion on environmental issues, improvement of health and increase in life expectancy of the population, adaptation of the state system of digitalization management in the field of environmental culture, environmental education, environmental safety to the digital environment, use of the possibilities of modern "breakthrough" digital technologies. Environmental digitalization in management comprehensive studies of the system approach to the use of digital environmental resources were conducted, the basics of improving the regulatory legal regulation in the management in the field of environmental safety in the framework of the implementation of the digital program were considered.
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Kaletnik, Grygorii, and Svitlana Lutkovska. "Implementation of Public-Private Partnership Models in the Field of Ecological Modernization of the Environmental Safety System." European Journal of Sustainable Development 10, no. 1 (2021): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14207/ejsd.2021.v10n1p81.
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The article considers various forms of public-private partnership, which allow extensive use of private capital in solving many problems not only in the production of public goods and public services, production of natural monopolies, but also in providing natural and man-made and environmental security. It is determined that for the Ukrainian practice it is important to apply the best foreign experience in the implementation of innovative projects on the basis of public-private partnership (PPP). Positive foreign experience highlights the use of PPP in Ukraine as an alternative mechanism for financing innovative projects to implement and accelerate modernization transformations in the national economy. It is established that the implementation of PPP in Ukraine requires the formation of certain institutional conditions: definition of requirements to be met by operators wishing to enter the relevant industries, in particular: evidence of its financial security, evidence of its ability to operate; introduction of the project form of realization of the planned plans; substantiation of local self-government bodies for choosing the form of involvement of the private sector; introduction of an effective system of control by local governments over the performance of current functions and investment obligations by private operators; development of requirements for the reporting system of a private operator; involvement in decision-making on the transfer of infrastructure to the private sector, as well as determining the frequency and types of public control; development and implementation of a mechanism for determining the liability of private sector representatives for causing damage to the property of territorial communities by their actions or inaction and, conversely, determining a mutually acceptable mechanism for return of invested funds, etc. The PPP mechanism forms the basis for the joint responsibility of the state, community and business for the development of sectors that have priority for the regional economy, environmental protection, development of territorial communities.
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Yan, Wenjun. "The Zhenhua Case: the emergence of civil environmental public interest litigation in China." Journal of World Energy Law & Business 14, no. 2 (2021): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jwelb/jwab008.
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Abstract In 2015, the All-China Environment Federation v Dezhou Jinghua Group Zhenhua Corporation Limited case was the first civil environmental public interest litigation (CEPIL) against air pollution in China. Constituting a milestone in the field of air pollution control in China, this case (i) confirms the eligibility of a non-governmental organisation (NGO) to file civil public interest litigations; (ii) discusses remedies for the ecological destruction caused by air pollution; (iii) assesses the ecological and environmental damage using the ‘virtual restoration cost’ method; and (iv) uses public apology as an innovative way for Zhenhua to assume liability. By applying and interpreting several important rules under the Environmental Protection Law of China (EPLC) for the first time, this case sets an example for future CEPILs against air pollution in China.
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Chernysh, Yelizaveta, and Hynek Roubík. "International Collaboration in the Field of Environmental Protection: Trend Analysis and COVID-19 Implications." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (2020): 10384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410384.
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This paper focuses on the analysis of current cooperation trends in environmental protection research. A unified system of interrelations between research methods in the field of implementation of the bibliometric approach to the review of international cooperation in the field of environmental protection taking into account the consequences of the COVID-2019 pandemic was formed. To form a unified visualization of the analyzed bibliometric data, a special software product VOSViewer was used. Five clusters were defined: green—international cooperation for assessing risks to public health, in particular in the field of biosafety and the spread of social infections, with a focus on COVID-19, in 2019 and 2020; yellow—describes the related interaction between other clusters in the field of national and international mechanisms of cooperation in the regulation of greenhouse gas emissions and climate change; blue—brings together research areas in the field of economics of environmental management and control. The situation concerning the impact of the COVID-2019 pandemic is ambiguous, and it is crucial to recognize that this is a long-term period of impact, not only directly on public health but also due to economic and social constraints, as quarantine activities cause a chain of socio-economic crises. The problems of the environmental and economic spread of COVID-19 on various human activities and the environment require the development of this topic and the formation of a new cluster of interactions due to the wave dynamics of disease in the future. Broad cooperation and collaboration is proposed to address the challenges and accelerate sustainable development in Europe. A diagram of the main cooperation programs has been created, illustrating the overlap of the entire field, from basic research to the market. Further analytical studies will examine the effectiveness of cross-analysis using various scientometric databases to form an integrated approach to the new realities of quarantine activities.
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Shoniyozovich, Shofiev Zoir. "To use water resources of farms the concept of violations of the requirements of legal documents and their types." American Journal of Political Science Law and Criminology 7, no. 2 (2025): 25–29. https://doi.org/10.37547/tajpslc/volume07issue02-06.
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In this article, the concept of offenses related to violation of the requirements of legal documents on the use of water resources of farms and the content of their types are studied. In this article, the author explained the requirements and rules for the state implementation of environmental control of violations of the requirements of legal documents on the use of water resources by farms. This article examines the content and legal significance of environmental control of state and public environmental control in the field of rational use of water resources by farms. In this article, the author has shown that the decisions and decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan play an important role in improving environmental control. In this sense, environmental control is thought about ensuring the rational use of nature and harmful effects on the environment. State control over the use and protection of water and water resources of farms is proposed to be carried out by local state authorities, the State Committee for Ecology and Environmental Protection, the Inspection of Control over the Agro-Industrial Complex under the Cabinet of Ministers, and the Ministry of Water Management in accordance with the law.
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Сафаров, Джахонгир, Dzhakhongir Safarov, Зафар Рузиев, and Zafar Ruziev. "COMPARATIVE LEGAL ANALYSIS IN THE FIELD OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION POWERS OF SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES." Journal of Foreign Legislation and Comparative Law 2, no. 1 (2016): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/18194.
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On the basis of the provisions of environmental legislation, as well as laws on local self-government of the United States, the European Union and the Commonwealth of Independent States the comparative legal analysis of the self-government authority in the field of environmental protection is given. The specifics of powers of citizens’ self-government institute (mahalla) in the Republic of Uzbekistan in the sphere of environmental protection are determined. The classification of the environmental authorities of self-government bodies in such four key areas as organizing and conducting of environmental education and conservation work on the ground, implementation of public environmental control, the realization of the economic mechanism of nature protection and management in the field of ecology is offered. The conclusion about the possibility of using of the rules laid down in the legislation of studied states in the domestic legislation is made. The priority areas for further extension of powers of environmental government agencies are proposed. The prospects for improving the legal rules for the participation of self-government bodies in the field of nature protection, the expansion of the powers of environmental authorities of the self-government bodies in the field of environmental rights of citizens, as well as the strengthening of mechanisms to ensure environmental information by the selfgovernment bodies are studied.
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Shan, Jie, Zhengshan Luo, Liang Pei, and Zhe Song. "Impact Study of Environment Public Interests Litigation on Carbon Emissions: Taking Pilot Policy of Procuratorial Public Interest Litigation as a Quasi-Natural Experiment." Sustainability 16, no. 19 (2024): 8688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16198688.
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The environmental problems caused by carbon emission have become the focus of worldwide attention. Effective control of carbon emissions cannot be achieved without the protection of the rule of law. Environment public interests litigation is a prominent innovation in the judicial system, and its role in supervising the government to perform its regulatory duties on carbon reduction and regulating the carbon emission behaviors of enterprises and the public deserves discussion. The paper selected the panel data from 274 prefecture-level cities from 2013 to 2021 and analyzed the impact of a procuratorial public interest litigation pilot policy on carbon emission control by using the double difference method. The research found that the procuratorial public interest litigation pilot policy can effectively curb carbon emissions. Heterogeneity analysis showed that in cities with relatively low level of green innovation, the negative correlation between procuratorial public interest litigation pilot policies and carbon emissions is more significant. Compared with the eastern region, in the central and western regions, especially in the central region, where the concept, policy, and funding of carbon emission governance are relatively weak, the implementation of the pilot policy of procuratorial public interest litigation had a more obvious effect on carbon emission governance. Mechanism tests showed that procuratorial public interest litigation policies reduce carbon emissions by reducing energy consumption and increasing public participation in environmental protection. The study will provide an empirical basis for the carbon emission reduction effect on pilot policy of procuratorial public interest litigation and will offer certain theoretical recommendations for improving the procuratorial public interest litigation system in the ecological environment field.
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Latif, Abdul, Lulik Tri Cahyaningrum, and Suparji . "Environmental Control and Management Continuation Through the Ruling of the State Administrative Court." International Journal of Religion 5, no. 8 (2024): 475–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.61707/j1kx6402.
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Changes in environmental law provisions that have the potential to cause inconsistencies in these decisions must be harmonized with the legal system. Without consistency in decisions regarding environmental public administration disputes, it will be difficult for the government to make decisions and guideline for determining policies related to environmental protection and management. The aim of this research is to determine the consistency of environmental administration dispute decisions in state administrative courts. The writing method uses a normative juridical approach with statutory regulations, the legal sources used are primary and secondary legal sources relating to state administrative law and those relating to environmental regulations, apart from that the author uses a case study approach. The results of the research show that the implementation of regulations related to state administrative decisions in the environmental sector is still inconsistent, with the government placing more emphasis on remedial (retroactive) efforts in environmental problems which are manifested in the form of government intervention to restore environmental conditions after pollution and/or damage occurs. environment. Considering that the majority of environmental law enforcement is in the field of government administration, inconsistencies in environmental state administration decisions must be resolved immediately to realize good environmental protection and management. In fact, the decision of the state administrative court judge is not only intended to resolve a dispute but will also serve as a guideline for government agencies/officials in realizing sustainable environmental protection and management.
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Lu, Yaling, Yuan Wang, Yujie Liao, Jiantong Wang, Mei Shan, and Hongqiang Jiang. "Public Concern about Haze and Ozone in the Era of Their Coordinated Control in China." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 20, no. 2 (2023): 911. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20020911.
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In China, due to the implementation of the Action Plan for Prevention and Control of Air Pollution (APPCAP), the concentrations of PM2.5 (fine particulate matter) and severe haze in most cities have decreased significantly. However, at present, haze pollution in China has not been completely mitigated, and the problem of O3 (ozone) has become prominent. Therefore, the prevention and control of haze and O3 pollution have become important and noticeable issues in the field of atmospheric management. We used the Baidu search indices of “haze” and “ozone” to reflect public concerns about air quality and uncover different correlations between level of concern and level of pollution, and then we identified regions in China that require public attention. The results showed that (1) over the last decade, the search index of haze had a rapid trend of variation in line with changes in haze pollution, but that of O3 had a relatively slowly increasing trend; (2) the lag days between the peaks of public concern and the peaks of air pollution became increasingly shorter according to daily data analysis; and (3) 96 polluted cities did not receive sufficient public attention. Although periods of heavily haze-polluted weather, which affects visibility, have generated much public concern, periods of slight pollution have not received enough public attention. Public health protection and environmental participation regarding these periods of slight pollution in China deserve appropriate levels of attention.
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Yufina, Liliya, and Nikita Sobolev. "Topical issues of improving the prosecutor in the field of administrative offenses in the field of social and social protection of disabled people." Advances in Law Studies 9, no. 2 (2021): 51–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/2409-5087-2021-9-2-51-55.
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Introduction: the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities is one of the priority directions of the modern social policy of any democratic state. Considerable attention is paid to this direction by the state. At an expanded meeting of the board of the General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin summed up the results of the department's work for 2020 and gave instructions to continue to keep the social protection of disabled people under control. The President of the Russian Federation noted that in 2020 the number of identified, and most importantly, eliminated violations in the field of protecting the rights of persons with disabilities increased.Purpose: to improve the participation of the prosecutor in proceedings on cases of administrative offenses in the field of social protection and social services for disabled people. Results: the author's position on adding to the exclusive competence of the prosecutor the initiation of cases of administrative offenses under Art. 5.41 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. In addition, it is proposed to introduce into the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation a norm providing for the notification of the prosecutor about the time and place of consideration of a case on an administrative offense in relation to persons with disabilities of I and II groups.Conclusions: the article raises the problem of bringing officials of public authorities to administrative responsibility. The necessity of amending the Code of the Russian Federation on cases of administrative offenses in order to improve the participation of the prosecutor in proceedings on cases of administrative offenses in the field of social protection and social services for disabled people is substantiated.
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Slivka, M. M., and N. V. Lesko. "Legislative regulation of powers of local government bodies in the field of environmental protection." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 63 (August 9, 2021): 96–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.63.17.
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The article is devoted to the study of legislative regulation of the powers of local governments in the field of environmental protection and the development of proposals for their improvement.
 It is noted that local governments occupy an separate and independent place in the mechanism of public administration, which indicates their special administrative and legal status.
 It is emphasized that local self-government bodies should be endowed with a sufficient amount of powers that would allow them to protect the interests of the administrative-territorial community in the field of environmental protection as effectively as possible.
 It is stated that the Constitution as the Basic Law of the state, taking into account the global importance of the issue of environmental protection should clearly and without any ambiguity in interpretation contain an article according to which local governments will be empowered to exercise primary control over environmental protection. natural environment at the local level and bringing perpetrators to justice.
 It is proposed to supplement Article 15 of the Law of Ukraine «On Environmental Protection», which defines the powers of local councils in the field of environmental protection, paragraph «й» of the following content: "decide to bring to administrative responsibility those guilty of violating legislation in the field of environmental protection environment of individuals and / or legal entities ".
 It is highlighted that based on the analysis of Part 4 of Art. 42 of the Law of Ukraine «On Local Self-Government in Ukraine», village, town, city mayor have a wide range of powers, but among these powers there are no ones that would give them the right to monitor compliance with environmental legislation in the region and bring perpetrators to justice.
 It is emphasized that local governments are given broad powers in terms of controling the activities of economic entities and they should be included as a subject of a lawsuit in accordance with Art. 16 of the Law of Ukraine "On Environmental Impact Assessment" in case of violations in the field of environmental impact assessment.
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Šogorov Vučković, Jelena. "POLICY-LEGAL INSTRUMENTS OF INDIRECT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT." Srpska politička misao 70, no. 4/2020 (2021): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/spm.7042020.10.
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Effective environmental protection cannot be imagined without direct management of such protection by state authorities through legal prohibitions and orders, permits, approvals and exemptions, mandatory notifications, control, and repression measures of the state administration, etc. Yet, in modern environmental systems, instruments of indirect influence on the addressees of norms are gaining increasing importance, with the aim of influencing their desirable behaviour through citizens’ awareness. Such instruments are used by law primarily in the field of prevention, with the aim of preventing environmental damage. When using indirect means, the state appeals to the addressees to act appropriately to protect the environment, but without forcibly sanctioning behaviour, if that appeals are not accepted. This paper analyses the nature of indirect instruments, such as public information, economic incentives of the classical and modern types, as well as environmental agreements, with an indication of their role and importance in modern environmental systems.
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IKSANOV, Radmir, and Igor VLADIMIROV. "Legal regulation of measures for the use and protection of forests." Vestnik BIST (Bashkir Institute of Social Technologies), no. 1(50) (March 31, 2021): 69–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.47598/2078-9025-2021-1-50-69-73.
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Forest violations are a special type of offenses that infringe on the order of rational nature management and environmental protection. The purpose of this study is to analyze legal measures for the use and protection of forests. The relevance of the work lies in the fact that the problem of legal protection of forests is manifested in the mechanism of exercising the powers of forest protection by the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, therefore, the solution to this problem should be developed and implemented by the efforts of state bodies, public associations and the local population. The paper lists the problems of the legal mechanism of forest protection, defines its subjects, discloses the problems in the field of control and supervision activities by forest users.
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Bekishieva, S. R., and R. M. Karibov. "PROBLEMS OF INTERACTION OF INSTITUTIONS OF CIVIL SOCIETY AND STATE IN ENSURING ENVIRONMENTAL RIGHTS OF CITIZENS." Law Нerald of Dagestan State University 35, no. 3 (2020): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2224-0241-2020-35-3-9-13.
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The article is devoted to the problems of interaction between state authorities and civil society institutions of modern Russia in the field of ensuring the environmental rights of citizens. At present, the study of environmental human rights is of particular relevance in connection with the need for modern states to provide scientifically sound correlation of environmental and economic interests of society and the need to create legal guarantees to protect human rights to a favorable natural environment for its life. In the course of the study, the authors come to the conclusion that the level of interaction between society and the state in ensuring the environmental rights of citizens in modern Russia, the continuous increase in the participation of Russian citizens and their associations in the struggle for their environmental rights, the need for full assistance of public authorities to public organizations in their activities, taking into account the opinions and suggestions from non-profit organizations on specific issues in the field of ensuring a favorable environment, creating conditions and creating a mechanism to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of such functions of civil society as the socializing, mobilization, control and protection functions in the studied area.
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Zhao, Miaomiao, Baohua Liu, Lan Wang, et al. "A Cross-Sectional Study on China’s Public Health Emergency Personnel’s Field Coping-Capacity: Need, Influencing Factors, and Improvement Options." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 14, no. 2 (2019): 192–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.37.
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ABSTRACTObjective:This study aimed to identify the important capacities that were most urgently needed during emergency response and factors associated with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) professionals’ field coping-capacity for public health emergency.Methods:Professional workers (N = 1854) from 40 CDC institutions were chosen using the stratified cluster random sampling method in all 13 municipalities of Heilongjiang Province, China. Descriptive analysis and multivariate logistic regression were used.Results:Of 10 key capacities, the 3 that were most urgently needed during emergency response fieldwork as identified by respondents were crisis communication capacity, personal protection capacity, and laboratory detection capacity. Overall, 38.1% of respondents self-rated as “poor” on their coping-capacity. The logistic regression found that proficiency in emergency preparedness planning, more practical experiences in emergency response, effectiveness in training and drills, a higher education level, and a higher professional position were significantly associated with the individual’s field coping-capacity.Conclusion:This study identified CDC professionals’ most urgent capacity need and the obstructive factors and highlighted the importance of enhancing the capacity in crisis communication, personal protection, and laboratory detection. Intervention should be targeted at sufficient fund, formalized, and effective emergency training and drills, more operational technical guidance, and all-around supervision and evaluation.
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Portnova, Tatiana. "Methods of environmental protection in digital transformation in Russia, Poland and Germany." BIO Web of Conferences 130 (2024): 08017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202413008017.
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The article reveals an actual problem of environmental protection in the framework of the digital transformation of society. On the example of Russia, Poland and Germany as countries from different parts of Europe, the principles and measures that are taken to protect the environment in the context of digital transformation are considered. The research methodology is based on a systematic approach and includes a group of general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, generalization, systematization); as well as a number of special methods: historiographical analysis of scientific literature on the topic of the study; the method of expert assessments, the method of statistical analysis and verification of research results. An empirical study was based on responses from 75 experts on environmental principles and measures across the European continent. The representative sample was formed on a regional basis and consisted of three expert groups: 25 experts from Russia; 25 experts from Poland and 25 experts from Germany. Based on the results of the study, the author comes to the following conclusions: in Russia, digital transformation is reflected in new forms and methods of state control in the field of environmental protection; Poland is developing a system of enforcement legislation in the field of air, water and raw material quality sensors in the food industry; in Germany, the focus is on public-private partnerships in the field of subsidizing the digitalization of private enterprises to equip environmental protection systems.
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Borisova, Daria S., Gennadiy B. Yeremin, Anton M. Nikulenkov, and Natalya A. Mozzhukhina. "Foreign legislation in the field of drinking groundwater protection (literature review)." Hygiene and sanitation 100, no. 8 (2021): 797–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.47470/0016-9900-2021-100-8-797-802.
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The need to protect underground sources of drinking and household water supply. Many reasons, including climatic changes, an increase in anthropogenic pressure, and an increase in the need for drinking water, dictate the need to protect underground sources of drinking and domestic water supply. The USSR was the pioneer in the field of drinking water protection in the world. Already in 1956, USSR put an instruction on the establishment of sanitary protection zones (SPZ) into effect. The United States took the first steps in resolving this issue only seven years later. Along with Soviet developments, the USA and German guidelines are still fundamental and contain fundamental recommendations for groundwater protection. The requirements related to the protection of water intakes in the legislative acts of various states have been implemented at the international level (Directive 2000/60 / EU, Directive 2006/118 / EU), nationally (Australian National Strategy, USA Safe Drinking Water Law, PRC Law on Drinking Water Pollution Prevention and Control) and Local Levels (New Jersey safeguard zone (SGZ) Guidelines). Among the standard features is the allocation of belts in the S with different permitted use regimes: belt I (strict regime) - 10-50 m, belt II -50 days -10 years, belt III - the entire catchment area. Conclusions. Despite the fact that each country uses different approaches to protecting groundwater, in general, there is a similarity in the establishment and organization of SGZ for groundwater intakes, in which certain activities are prohibited or restricted. In the Russian Federation, it seems important to formalize the results of scientific research and existing experience in the protection of underground sources of drinking water supply in the form of Guidelines to allow ensuring optimal management of drinking water resources and preserve the quality of drinking water, to guarantee their availability in the future.
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Gu, Jingheng. "The Situation and Prediction of Air PM2.5 Pollution in Shanghai." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 107 (August 15, 2024): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/xbx69e53.
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In the field of environmental science, fine particulate matter (PM2.5) has attracted much attention due to its significant impact on public health. These particles with a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 microns can carry various harmful substances, penetrate the defense line of the respiratory tract into the deep lungs, and even enter the circulatory system, thereby increasing the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, and cancer. With the acceleration of industrialization and the increase of urban activities, the pollution problem of PM2.5 is becoming increasingly severe, bringing huge challenges to public health management and environmental protection. Therefore, in-depth research on the sources, components, distribution characteristics, and human health impacts of PM2.5 not only has important value in environmental science research, but also has urgent practical significance for formulating effective prevention and control strategies and improving people's quality of life. The article will mainly discuss about these things that mentioned above.
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Kallagov, Boris, Elkan Kharebov, Irina Totrova, and Elina Zakirova. "Environmental risks in the development of the regional socio-economic system and ensuring the environmental safety of Russian regions and the Republic of South Ossetia." E3S Web of Conferences 296 (2021): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202129604009.
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In recent decades, the rapidly developing industrial revolution has overshadowed environmental aspects. At the same time, the environmental factor can become a catalyst for negative trends associated with man-made disasters and the health of the region’s population. In this regard, the most important function of public authorities is the development of a set of legislative acts providing for environmental safety, considering the interests of economic entities in the context of effective functioning, ensuring control over compliance with this legislation. In the presented article, the authors analyse the experience of legislative regulation in the field of environmental protection in the Russian Federation. The authors examine in detail the environmental risks in the North Caucasian Federal District and the Republic of South Ossetia, which are closely linked by economic relations and which have many similar problems.
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Kazanchuk, I. D. "Regarding the improvement of organizational and legal regulation of relations in the sphere of protection and use of the animal world and combating poaching during the period of martial law in Ukraine." Bulletin of Kharkiv National University of Internal Affairs 97, no. 2 (2022): 172–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32631/v.2022.2.15.
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The current state of administrative and legal regulation of social relations in the sphere of protection and use of the animal world in Ukraine is analyzed. The meaning of the concept of “poaching” is revealed and its components are outlined. Taking into account statistical data, a detailed description of effective organizational and legal measures to counter poaching cases, which are used in the activities of the units of the National Police of Ukraine, the State Ecological Inspection, and other nature protection bodies of Ukraine, is provided. It is noted that poaching is one of the major threats to biodiversity and national ecological security of Ukraine. It is emphasized the need to involve the public in the organization of actions for the protection of the animal world, as well as in the process of planning joint preventive measures of protection nature, conducting information and explanatory work among the population on issues of preventing violations of administrative (nature protection) legislation.
 Attention is drawn to shortcomings in the Ukrainian legislation, which regulates relations in the sphere of protection and use of the animal world. Proposals are also made to improve the legal framework for the interaction of the water police and units of the State Environmental Inspection in the field of animal protection in the modern conditions of the introduction of the legal regime of martial law in Ukraine. Taking into account the positive experience of nature protection activities of law enforcement agencies and other state bodies of Ukraine, the main areas of improvement of the system of organizational and legal measures against poaching are highlighted. In particular, these are: the proper organization of state administration in the field of protection and use of the animal world; the strengthening the responsibility of citizens and officials for violating the basic requirements and rules of rational use and reproduction of the animal world; the presence of an effective organizational and legal mechanism for the implementation of the rights and obligations of users of animal world objects; the joint actions of the State Environmental Inspection and the Water Police regarding the protection, reproduction and use of rare and endangered animals; the keeping state records of animals and records of their production; the implementation of state and public control in the field of protection, use and reproduction of the animal world; the introduction of new organizational and legal forms and methods of interaction of authorized state bodies and other subjects of combating offenses in the field of animal protection, increasing control over the quality of their implementation; the development of legal eco-education and a system of crime prevention measures; the introduction of modern mechanisms of analytical and logistical support of law enforcement agencies.
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Chaidoutis, Elias, Dimitrios Keramydas, Petros Papalexis, et al. "Food hygiene requirements in health care enterprises in Greece. The role of the hospital sanitarian." Archives of Hellenic Medicine / Arheia Ellenikes Iatrikes 40, no. 1 (2023): 108–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7719426.
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The consumption of unsafe food poses serious risks to consumer health. Mortality associated with foodborne outbreaks has increased in hospitals, in comparison with the wider population. Hygiene, as an independent science, focuses on disease prevention, and hygiene professionals have contributed greatly to the protection of public health in the hospital setting. This article outlines the professional role of the hospital sanitarian at the international level, and in the fulfillment of food hygiene legislative requirements in Greece. Epidemiological data and key elements of food safety and control measures are provided for a better understanding of this field. The lack of sanitarians in Greek hospitals hinders the achievement of the objective of optimal food hygiene. The administrative bodies of public institutions, including hospitals, are required to staff health units in a rational manner, taking all the measures necessary to ensure optimal food hygiene, to protect Public Health.
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Patlachuk, Alexander. "The concept, principles and functions of the legal technique of environmental legislation." Legal Ukraine, no. 11 (November 29, 2019): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37749/2308-9636-2019-11(203)-5.
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The article deals with the content of the concept, of principles and functions of legal technique of environmental legislation. These principles are related to the processes of development of legal technique and environmental law, reflected the value of natural objects and provided a mode of their effective use. A study of such main categories of legal technique of environmental legislation is undertaken: a 1) concept; 2) principles; 3) functions. Summarizing the system of different approaches, it is formulated the term of legal technique of environmental legislation, which is a dynamic phenomenon that reflects the functioning of law, environmental legislation, taking into account the features of protection of use and reproduction of natural objects and includes a system of means of preparation and adoption of regulatory and legal acts aimed at preserving the environment. This definition makes it possible to streamline legislation on the use of nature conservation and reproduction and to limit human impact on the status of such objects. Among the principles of legal technique were: 1) humanism; 2) complexity; 3) science; 4) systematicity; 5) stability; 6) public administration. The principle of humanism is based on the ideas of a careful, caring attitude towards natural resources, which is reflected in the legal technique of draft legal acts. The principle of a comprehensive approach of legal technique of environmental legislation is connected with the necessity to take into account the difficult character of the legal regulation in this area. The principle of scientificity is connected with the necessity of observing the rules of legal technique, which is used in the preparation of environmental regulations. The principle of systematic characterized the orientation of the legal act, the preservation of internal communication and interdependence of all its parts and the logical sequence of placement of material. The principle of stability is due to the fact that the development of the environmental protection field was through the adoption of regulations aimed at the protection of the most important natural objects. The principle of public administration finds its realization when considering the legal technique of normative legal acts adopted by public authorities and local self-government. With the help of the functions of legal technique, tasks that are put before the law as a social institution are carried out and given that environmental norms are adopted by state bodies, some functions overlap with the functions of the state. The functions of the legal technique of environmental legislation are aimed at implementing the legislative process in this field, ensuring the legal nature of the legislation, promoting full and accurate reflection, clarity and accessibility of the content of acts. The following features of the legal technique of environmental legislation are highlighted: 1) axiological; 2) prognostic; 3) regulatory; 3) security, 4) information; 5) theoretical and methodological. Consideration of monitoring, preparation of cadasters, environmental expertise, normalization, state and public control in the field of environmental protection deserves special attention in the consideration of the functions of legal technology of environmental legislation. Theoretical and methodological function of legal technique allows to improve the process of preparation of regulatory acts to avoid inaccuracies, contradictions and conflicts in their content. Key words: legal technique, regulatory legal act, environmental legislation, public administration, principles of law, public authorities, functions.
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Matviichuk, N., N. Kolenda, О. Stashchuk, S. Tesliuk, and S. Sydoruk. "LEGAL PROVISION OF BUDGET FUNDING OF ENVIRONMENTAL ACTIVITY IN UKRAINE." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 3, no. 38 (2021): 465–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v3i38.237479.
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Annotation. The article analyzes the system of legal acts regulating government funding environmental activities in Ukraine. The disadvantages of the existing mechanism of financial support of environmental measures are substantiated: low ecological tax rates; lack of targeted use of resource payments; spending of funds from environmental funds not for the intended purpose; ineffective distribution of environmental tax, as a result of which it loses its intended purpose; imperfect selection criteria for funding environmental activities; inconsistency and ineffectiveness of administrative decisions of participants in the budget process; low level of budget discipline in the field of environmental protection; lack of legal responsibility of spending units.
 Measures to improve environmental, tax and budgetary legislation are proposed to strengthen the role of public financial support for environmental activities in Ukraine. They include: the construction of an effective system of environmental taxes and resource payments, targeted use of funds from fees for special use of nature; increase economic sanctions for violations of environmental legislation; creation of the National FONPS independent of the state and local budgets with full crediting of the ecological tax and realization of exclusively target financing of short- and long-term ecological programs; ensuring public participation in allocation of funds to priority environmental programs and control their effective use; legislative establishment of the minimum limit of budget financing of environmental protection both at the state and local levels; development of a single procedure for the use of environmental funds, which will contain a new detailed list of environmental measures and reasonable criteria for their selection for priority funding.
 Keywords: environmental protection, financial support of environmental protection, government funding of environmental activities, environmental protection funds, environmental tax.
 JEL Classification K32, K34, H22, H41, H50
 Formulas: 0; fig.: 0; tabl.: 0; bibl.: 20.
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Lee, Brian, Brandi Dupervil, Nicholas P. Deputy, et al. "Protecting Privacy and Transforming COVID-19 Case Surveillance Datasets for Public Use." Public Health Reports 136, no. 5 (2021): 554–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00333549211026817.
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Objectives Federal open-data initiatives that promote increased sharing of federally collected data are important for transparency, data quality, trust, and relationships with the public and state, tribal, local, and territorial partners. These initiatives advance understanding of health conditions and diseases by providing data to researchers, scientists, and policymakers for analysis, collaboration, and use outside the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), particularly for emerging conditions such as COVID-19, for which data needs are constantly evolving. Since the beginning of the pandemic, CDC has collected person-level, de-identified data from jurisdictions and currently has more than 8 million records. We describe how CDC designed and produces 2 de-identified public datasets from these collected data. Methods We included data elements based on usefulness, public request, and privacy implications; we suppressed some field values to reduce the risk of re-identification and exposure of confidential information. We created datasets and verified them for privacy and confidentiality by using data management platform analytic tools and R scripts. Results Unrestricted data are available to the public through Data.CDC.gov, and restricted data, with additional fields, are available with a data-use agreement through a private repository on GitHub.com. Practice Implications Enriched understanding of the available public data, the methods used to create these data, and the algorithms used to protect the privacy of de-identified people allow for improved data use. Automating data-generation procedures improves the volume and timeliness of sharing data.
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Brenzovich, Z. S., and S. A. Onufriy. "Establishment of international standards in the field of environmental pro- tection and their impact on modern legislation of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 64 (August 14, 2021): 352–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.64.64.
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The article examines the formation of international standards in the field of environmental protection, as well as clarifying their impact on modern environmental legislation of Ukraine. 
 It is established that the issue of the need to protect the environment has been actively discussed at the interna-tional level since the middle of the twentieth century. The first international environmental organization was found-ed in October 1948 in France (International Union for Conservation of Nature), which still operates today.It was found that although international instruments such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms do not contain provisions on environ-mental rights, there is still a human right to a standard of living that supports its health. It is from the standpoint of the right to life, the right to health and the right to information that the ECtHR deals with matters concerning a safe environment for humans.It is substantiated that special international acts in the field of environmental protection began to be adopted in the 70s of the last century (including: Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Discharges and Other Materials, International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, Convention on Transboundary Air Pollution distance, the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted, the European Charter on Environment and Public Health, the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazard-ous Wastes and Their Disposal, the Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in a Transboundary Context, etc.).These international acts have influenced the formation of legislation in the field of environmental protection of independent Ukraine, especially on the example of acts adopted in 2017-2020. The proposal of scientists on the need to adopt a new systematized act in Ukraine, in particular the Environmental Code, has been studied.It is substantiated that when reforming the environmental legislation of Ukraine it is necessary to pay special attention to the requirements of the Association Agreement with the EU, namely to implement the provisions of a number of Regulations and directives of the European Union.
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Baev, V. G., and I. A. Kalinina. "Implementation of the Objectives of Environmental Policy in the Framework of the State-Private Partnership as a Factor of Sustainable Development of Russia." Russian Journal of Legal Studies 4, no. 4 (2017): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18274.
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The purpose of this article is to study the possibilities of public-private partnership in the in realization of environmental policy of the Russian Federation and the Concept of sustainable development. Authors consider that the Russian government should be solving in the process of development of the Russian economy problems of ecology (providing the favorable environment; decrease in anthropogenous load of the environment; increase in efficiency of use of energy resources; correction of negative consequences of resource-intensive industrial development). The public-private partnership is investigated as special legal institute and as a form of interaction between government and business. The potential of public-private partnership in solving problems in the sphere of ecology is studied in these planes.Public-private partnership is studied in various aspects: form of investment in environmental protection; mechanism of achievement of ecological interests of the state and society; a way of stimulation of introduction in economy of innovations which are capable to provide interests of ecosystems.Authors support adoption of the comprehensive and integrated programmatic law which will provide a triad of interests: investments - innovations - ecology. The analysis of legal base of public-private partnership and programmatic laws on sustainable development of the Russian Federation has allowed to draw a conclusion on absence between them direct connection. This has a negative impact on the implementation possibilities of state-private partnership to overcome the environmental crisis. Authors offer changes in the legislation for elimination of this inconsistency. They define the problems of public initiative and public oversight in public-private partnership in the field of ecology.Authors approve need of creation of mechanisms of public control for this sphere.
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PINHEIRO, Helilma de Andréa, Ana Paula Mota FERREIRA, Ismael Carlos Braga ALVES, et al. "DETERMINATION OF BTEX IN ENVIRONMENTAL SAMPLES: DEVELOPMENT AND PROTECTION OF TECHNOLOGIES AND ANALYTICAL METHODS." Periódico Tchê Química 16, no. 31 (2019): 431–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.52571/ptq.v16.n31.2020.437_periodico31_pgs_431_439.pdf.
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The contamination of water and soil by petroleum hydrocarbons is reported quite frequently, mainly due to accidents involving transport and storage of fuels. Among the most toxic compounds the most volatile benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene (BTEX). Residues of these compounds can cause serious environmental and public health troubles. Thus, more sensitive, selective and low-cost techniques, focused on the analysis and monitoring of these contaminants are being developed in order to establish operational control and to comply with local laws, but the intellectual property of such technologies is still unknown. The present study shows the panorama about patents, thesis and dissertations which have been already published on this theme. Together, the United States and China hold the largest number of patents, and most of thesis/dissertations describe methodologies for BTEX detection in water, although numerous environmental problems caused by oils in the soil had been reported. Also, the methods based on chromatographic techniques stand out in relation to the other techniques. It was possible to verify important advances in the field of sensors, especially the electrochemical ones, in order to solve the analytical gaps.
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Petts, Judith. "The Regulator — Regulated Relationship and Environmental Protection: Perceptions in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 18, no. 2 (2000): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c9861.
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An emerging point of agreement is that environmental policy efficacy and implementation efficiency are most likely to be achieved by an appropriate balance between command-and-control and self-regulation methods. The author uses data from a unique survey of individuals, both management and nonmanagement, in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in England and Wales to ascertain whether the corporate perspective is equally supportive of such an empathetic balance. Multiple research methods including interviews, a questionnaire, and focus groups with individuals were used to explore management and nonmanagement attitudes to the importance of compliance with, and the effectiveness of, regulation. Compliance with regulation is viewed as morally right both by management and by nonmanagement; however, the effectiveness of regulation is questioned. Nonmanagement in particular demand strong enforcement and penalties; management demand consistent regulation to ensure a ‘level playing field’. Both question whether all regulation is relevant to environmental protection. Although self-regulation is supported in theory, this is because of the perceived weakness of reactive regulation. Individuals suggest that the majority of SMEs are not taking any, or only minimal, steps to self-regulate. The potential for a balance between command-and-control and self-regulation approaches receives only cautious support from management and nonmanagement.
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Kirin, Roman S., Petro M. Baranov, and Volodymyr L. Khomenko. "The State Service of Geology and Subsoil of Ukraine (Geonadra) as a legal subject exercising the right of geological control." Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology 29, no. 1 (2020): 69–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/112007.
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The article analyzes the scientific and legislative provisions related to the legal status of the State Service of Geology and Subsoil of Ukraine as a subject of geological control. The external and internal structural peculiarities and normative bases of exercising the control and supervisory functions of the State Geonadra are investigated. The external aspect is the subordination of the organization to the Ministry of the Environment, which determines the priority areas of work of the State Geonadra, approves its work plans and harmonizes the structure of the apparatus. The internal aspect is that it exercises its powers directly both through established territorial bodies (Department of State Geological Control, inter-regional territorial departments and through territorial inspectorates, which are within the sphere of management of the State Geonadra) created within the established order. The normative grounds for exercising control and supervisory functions by the State Geonadra at the present stage are analyzed: the law on state surveillance; government regulations; orders of the State Regulatory Service of Ukraine, the Ministry of Environment and the State Geonadra; annual and monthly inspection plans; document forms and reporting forms. The authors propose a classification of subjects of geological control rights, which includes the following types: general, generic and direct (primary and secondary). The classification of scheduled and unscheduled inspections as measures of state supervision (control) was made according to the following criteria: patrimonial subject of control; the object of control over the use of mineral resources; the subject of the initiation and the reason for unscheduled inspections; the object of control over the destination of minerals; the object of control over the type of natural mineral substance. The beginning of the reform of the state supervision (control) system in the field of environmental protection is characterized. Its purpose is to create an effective state system for the prevention of environmental offences and for environmental monitoring, reduce the pressure on the business environment, encourage broad involvement of the public in the supervision (control), formation of a single integrated state body of environmental monitoring and control (D) – State Environmental Protection Service.