Relevant bibliographies by topics / Public health – Ghana

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Public health – Ghana'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 7 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Kofi Boachie, Micheal, K. Ramu, and Tatjana Põlajeva. "Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana." Economies 6, no. 4 (October 29, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies6040058.

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The effect of government spending on population’s health has received attention over the past decades. This study re-examines the link between government health expenditures and health outcomes to establish whether government intervention in the health sector improves outcomes. The study uses annual data for the period 1980–2014 on Ghana. The ordinary least squares (OLS) and the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimators are employed for analyses; the regression estimates are then used to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. The results show that, aside from income, public health expenditure contributed to the improvements in health outcomes in Ghana for the period. We find that, overall, increasing public health expenditure by 10% averts 0.102–4.4 infant and under-five deaths in every 1000 live births while increasing life expectancy at birth by 0.77–47 days in a year. For each health outcome indicator, the effect of income dominates that of public spending. The cost per childhood mortality averted ranged from US$0.20 to US$16, whereas the cost per extra life year gained ranged from US$7 to US$593.33 (2005 US$) during the period. Although the health effect of income outweighs that of public health spending, high (and rising) income inequality makes government intervention necessary. In this respect, development policy should consider raising health sector investment inter alia to improve health conditions.
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Boachie, Micheal Kofi, and K. Ramu. "Effect of public health expenditure on health status in Ghana." International Journal of Health 4, no. 1 (February 21, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v4i1.5794.

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<p>Health is an outcome indicator of economic growth and development of a country. Healthcare is a major factor for health status. In this regard, healthcare expenditure is a vital input for the health production function. In this context, this study examined the effect of public health expenditure on health status in Ghana. Annual time-series data on infant mortality rate, real per capita income, literacy levels and female labour force participation rate for the period 1990-2012 have been used. Infant mortality rate was used as the output variable. To test the relationship between input-output variables, Ordinary Least Squares and Newey-West regression techniques were used. The regression estimates suggest that real per capita income, public health expenditure, education and female presence in the labour market were negatively related to infant mortality rate. However, the elasticity coefficients of female participation in the labour market and real per capita income were statistically insignificant at 5% level. This study concludes that public health expenditure and literacy/education improve health status by reducing infant mortality. The favourable effect of education or literacy on health is greater than that of public health spending whereas the effect of real per capita come on health was found to be weak. The findings provide the impetus for government to raise literacy level and its health spending in the country to promote health.</p>
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Agyepong, Irene Akua, William A. Sollecito, Sam Adjei, and James E. Veney. "Continuous Quality Improvement in Public Health in Ghana." Quality Management in Health Care 9, no. 4 (2001): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019514-200109040-00002.

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Boadu, Elijah Frimpong, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, and Cynthia Changxin Wang. "Health and Safety Consideration in the Procurement of Public Construction Projects in Ghana." Buildings 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030128.

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This study explored the extent to which health and safety (H&S) are considered in the procurement of public sector projects in Ghana. This is based on the background that procurement decisions have implications for project H&S management. The enormous size of public procurement projects offers opportunities for public clients to influence the behaviour of the construction market including the promotion of H&S through procurement. To date, no study has fully assessed the extent of H&S considerations in procurement decisions for public sector construction projects in Ghana. To fill this gap, this research has provided an evidence-based assessment of H&S considerations in the various stages of the procurement process for public sector projects in Ghana. Through a questionnaire survey, data were collected from construction industry professionals in Ghana. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to evaluate the extent of H&S considerations. The findings suggest that H&S is given low priority in the procurement of public projects, because clear project objectives relating to H&S are not set, and adequate consideration is not given to H&S at the various procurement stages. Based on the findings, this research has made recommendations to promote H&S in public procurement in Ghana.
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Oduro, Paul Owusu. "HCV Diagnosis in Ghana – Limitations and Public Health Implications." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.08.01.art028.

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Owusu-Addo, E., R. Cross, and P. Sarfo-Mensah. "Evidence-based practice in local public health service in Ghana." Critical Public Health 27, no. 1 (May 10, 2016): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2016.1182621.

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Larbi, George A. "Contracting‐out in public health and water services in Ghana." International Journal of Public Sector Management 11, no. 2/3 (April 1998): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513559810216474.

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Boachie, Micheal Kofi, and K. Ramu. "Distribution of the benefits from public health expenditures in Ghana." Quality & Quantity 52, no. 1 (January 30, 2017): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0475-x.

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Adu-Gyamfi, Samuel, Aminu Dramani, Kwasi Amakye-Boateng, and Sampson Akomeah. "Public Health: Socio-Political History of a People." Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 8 (August 17, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i8.1122.

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<p>This study focuses on the transformations that have characterised public health in Asante. The study highlights the changes that have occurred in the traditional public health which include the use of roots, leaves, back of trees and spiritualities’ as well as the colonial administration’s introduction of modern or western medicine and post-colonial inheritance. The domination of Asante from 1902-1957 by the British influenced the public health in Asante. This necessitated the introduction of western medicine, which included the building of hospitals and clinics and training of physicians to cater for the sick. Post-colonial Ghana after 1957saw a new direction in public health in Asante it ensured continuity and change. However, of the all the successes of traditional medicine and its importance even in modern times, an in-depth study of this subject has not received attention for the benefit of academia and society. It is critical to turn back, consider how public health was ensured in the first half of the twentieth century and balance it with modern practices. This will help us draw necessary lessons for modern society. This study, therefore, does a retrospective analyses/narrative on the accessibility and equitability of health to all citizens of Ghana and Asante in particular within the twentieth century and to further access the continuity and change over time. </p>
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Bannor, Richard, Anthony Kwame Asare, and Justice Nyigmah Bawole. "Effectiveness of social media for communicating health messages in Ghana." Health Education 117, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 342–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-06-2016-0024.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an in-depth understanding of the effectiveness, evolution and dynamism of the current health communication media used in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a multi-method approach which utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. In-depth interviews are conducted with health promotion professionals in Ghana and 150 members of the general public were surveyed. Findings The paper finds that the general public sees social media as an effective place for health professionals to share health-related messages. They also view health-related messages on social media seriously. Health professionals see social media as an effective tool for sending health-related messages to the public and are concerned about the fact that traditional media are losing their effectiveness as means to share health-related messages. Research limitations/implications This study was conducted in Ghana. Future studies should be conducted across multiple countries to examine the conclusions developed in this paper and the possibility of multiple perspectives regarding the use of social media for sending health messages. Practical implications The results inform public health officials on developments in health communication and suggest prescriptions on how to adjust to the new media. Originality/value Health messaging is an area that has been relatively ignored in the literature and almost no research focusses on the effectiveness of social media and other health messaging technologies, particularly in developing countries. Although the study was conducted in Ghana, health professionals worldwide can use the findings to help improve their health messaging strategies.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Akazili, James. "Equity in Health Care Financing in Ghana." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/9390.

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Includes bibliographical references.
Financial risk protection against the cost of unforeseen ill health has become a global concern as expressed in the 2005 World Health Assembly resolution (WHA58.33), which urges its member states to "plan the transition to universal coverage of their citizens". The study (the first of kind in Ghana) measured the relative progressivity of health care financing mechanisms, the catastrophic and impoverishment effect of direct health care payments, as well as evaluating the factors affecting enrolment in the national health insurance scheme (NHIS), which is the intended means for achieving equitable health financing and universal coverage in Ghana. To achieve the purpose of the study, secondary data from the Ghana Living Standard Survey (GLSS) 2005/2006 were used. This was triangulated with data from the Ministry of Finance and other ministries and departments, and further complemented with primary household data collected in six districts. In addition 44 focus group discussions with different groups of people and communities were conducted. In-depth interviews were also conducted with six managers of District NHI schemes as well as the NHIS headquarters. The study found that generally Ghana's health care financing system is progressive. The progressivity of health financing is driven largely by the overall progressivity of taxes which account for over 50% of health care funding. The national health insurance levy is mildly progressive as indicated by a Kakwani index of 0.045. However, informal sector NHI contributions were found to be regressive. Out-of-pocket payments, which account for 45% of funding, are associated with significant catastrophic and impoverishment effects on households. The results also indicate that high premiums, ineffective exemptions, fragmented funding pools and perceived poor quality of care affect the expansion of the NHIS. For Ghana to attain adequate financial protection and ultimately achieve universal coverage, it needs to extend cover to the informal sector, possibly through funding their contributions entirely from tax, and address other issues affecting the expansion of the NHI. Furthermore, the funding pool for health care needs to grow and this can be achieved by improving the efficiency of tax collection and increasing the budgetary allocation to the health sector.
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Bannister, David. "Public health and its contexts in northern Ghana, 1900-2000." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2017. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/26656/.

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This is a study of the long-term political economy of public health work in northern Ghana, and of the contingent application of medical knowledge under different political regimes. Covering the period from 1900 to 2000, the thesis asks how the north and its people's enduring peripherality - defined in various ways - shaped the evolution of public health institutions and conditioned the state's attention to particular diseases. It assesses key public health transitions across the century, including the creation of the north's Native Authority health system in the 1930s, the entrenchment of church authority for healthcare in the 1950s, and the government's gradual cession of medical oversight to international organisations from the late 1960s, a process which was partially reversed in the late 1990s. It examines specific disease control programmes against sleeping sickness, onchocerciasis, and guinea worm, for what they reveal about the social history of medical work on the margins of the state, and about the political contexts for population-level health interventions. Colonial-era tsetse control inadvertently contributed to the serious prevalence of onchocerciasis in the north at independence, and this high prevalence of onchocerciasis made northern Ghana a focus of international health fundraising ahead of the WHO Onchocerciasis Control Programme, which began in 1974. In the urban south, guinea worm disease was substantially reduced in the early twentieth century, but in the north the disease only received concerted attention from the 1980s. In the historical literature on health in Ghana, there are few studies which adequately disaggregate the north and its particular experiences of public health work. Using sources from northern regional archives, the archives of the World Health Organisation, and interview testimony from government health officials and village communities, the thesis aims to make a contribution to this area.
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Burchett, Helen. "Perceptions of the usefulness of public health research in Ghana." Thesis, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (University of London), 2010. http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/682424/.

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This study aimed to explore researchers' and policy stakeholders' perceptions of the usefulness of public health research for policy, using the example of maternal health in Ghana. Sixty-nine government decisionmakers, maternal health policy stakeholders and researchers were interviewed. Concepts of research were broad. Research was dichotomised into `big', formal research and 'small', applied research such as operations research. 'Small research' was highly valued, due to its speedy completion and its focus on topics pertinent to service delivery; big research was not always considered necessary. Effectiveness research, one type of `big research', was not highly valued. Interviewees tended to feel that 'effective' policies and programmes could be designed once there was a thorough understanding of the situation. There was an implicit assumption that as long as these interventions were implemented well, they would be effective. Six dimensionso f local applicability/transferabilitwye re identified.T he most influential factors were the ease with which the intervention could be implemented, the study's congruence with interviewees' previous experiences and the perceived need for the intervention. Little attention was paid to study findings. Judgements of an intervention's potential effectiveness tended to be based on the ease of implementation or knowledge of similar projects. Adaptation was considered to be crucial, although often conceptualised not as a factor within local applicability/transferability assessments, but rather a distinct, essential step in the research use process. This study suggests that the factors of local applicability/transferability frequently cited in the literature do not reflect those considered to be most important by stakeholders in Ghana.
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Agyeman-Yeboah, Joana. "A best-practice guideline for facilitating adherence to anti-retroviral therapy for persons attending public hospitals in Ghana." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/13603.

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The retention of persons on an HIV programme has been a global challenge. The success of any strategy to optimize adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) depends on the intensive and effective adherence counselling and strategies. It is important to research whether persons receiving anti-retroviral therapy in public hospitals in Ghana are receiving the needed service that would optimize their adherence to the anti-retroviral therapy. Therefore, this study explored and described the experiences of healthcare professionals providing care, support and guidance to persons on ART at public hospitals in Ghana, as well as the best-practice guideline that could contribute to facilitating the ART adherence of patients. This study also explored and described the experiences of persons living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) on ART, regarding their adherence to the therapy. The study was organized into three phases. In Phase One: a qualitative, exploratory, descriptive and contextual design was employed. The research population included healthcare professionals, providing services at the HIV clinic at the public hospitals in Ghana, namely the Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital; the 37 Military Hospital and the Ridge Hospital. The healthcare professionals comprised of doctors, nurses, pharmacists and trained counsellors employed in any of the three public hospitals. Persons receiving ART at any of the three public hospitals were also part of the research population. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals and persons receiving ART. Data were collected from healthcare professionals in relation to their experiences regarding the provision of ART services, their understanding of evidence-based practice and best-practice guidelines, as well as data on the experiences of persons receiving ART in relation to their adherence to the therapy. The data were analysed using Creswell’s six steps of data analysis; and the coding of the data was done according to Tesch’s eight steps of coding. Trustworthiness was ensured by using Lincoln and Guba’s framework which comprised credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity. Ethical principles such as beneficence and non-maleficence, respect for human dignity, justice, veracity, privacy and confidentiality were considered in the study. In phase two, the literature was searched by using an integrative literature review approach and critically appraising the methodological quality of the guidelines in order to identify the best available evidence related to adherence to ART. In Phase Three, a best-practice guideline for facilitating adherence to ART was developed for public hospitals in Ghana based on the findings of the empirical research of Phase One and the integrative literature review in Phase Two. The guideline was submitted to an expert panel for review; and it was modified, according to the recommendations of the panel.
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Amediavor, Rita Laryea. "The Persisting Threats Of Cholera: A Cyclical Public Health Problem In Ghana." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1598992794308852.

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Mensah, Gwendolyn Patience. "Best practice guideline for the nursing management of women with gestational diabetes mellitus in military health institutions in Ghana." Thesis, Nelson Mandela University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14036.

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Pregnancy is a normal physiological process for the majority of women. These women, their families and significant others normally expect a successful period of pregnancy, labour, delivery and arrival of a normal and healthy baby. However, some of these pregnant women may develop Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) during this period and if not managed properly, the mother and the foetus in utero are affected in a negative way: there is a likelihood of the mother and baby developing Type 2 Diabetes in the future and also, other risks such as preterm labour, and foetal macrosomia. In order to prevent such occurrences, I set out to develop a best practice guideline for the nursing management of GDM in military health institutions in Ghana in order to help enhance nursing care. The design for this research was qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual in nature. The research is organised in three phases: Phase one deals with the data analysis and discussion of the interviews with professional nurses and midwives and women with a history of GDM. The data collected from the interviews were transcribed, analysed and extracted with Tesch’s eight steps of coding used for the coding. The services of an independent coder were employed to assist with the coding process which led to the formulation of key themes. Semi-structured individual interviews provided a means of exploring the perceptions of professional nurses and midwives on the nursing management of GDM: in addition, women with a history of GDM were interviewed so as to elicit their views on the management they had experienced from professional nurses and midwives before and after being diagnosed with GDM. The trustworthiness of the study was ensured by conforming to Lincoln and Guba’s framework of credibility, transferability, dependability, confirmability and authenticity. An independent coder assisted with the coding process. Phase two deals with the Integrative literature review of available evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for the nursing management of GDM. Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines were searched and appraised with assistance from an independent appraiser and themes were then formulated. In Phase three, the themes from Phase one and Phase two were integrated for the development of a draft best practice guideline for the nursing management of GDM in military health institutions in Ghana. The draft guideline was given to an expert panel of reviewers for their comments and recommendations. These were considered in the development of the final best practice guideline for the nursing management of GDM.
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Arku, Raphael E. "Poverty, Energy Use, Air Pollution and Health in Ghana: A Spatial Analysis." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:16121156.

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Some of the major themes that characterize the relationship between the environment and population health in the developing world today include poverty, household access to clean cooking fuel, air pollution, sanitation, and infant/child and maternal health. My dissertation research incorporates some of these themes at the interface of community and household energy in the context of economic development in Ghana. Specifically, my dissertation focuses on features of household energy and poverty in both rural and urban areas, as well as air pollution, and child and maternal health in growing urban areas in what is a data and resource-poor setting of Sub‐Saharan Africa (SSA). Child mortality is declining in most countries. Very few studies have measured child mortality at fine spatial resolutions, which is relevant for assessing community determinants and interventions. The first paper evaluates subnational inequalities in child mortality and its social and environmental determinants in Ghana by applying Bayesian spatial model to Ghana’s 2000 and 2010 National Population and Housing Censuses in 2000 and 2010. The census data were also used to estimate the distributions of households or persons in each of Ghana’s 110 districts for fuel used for cooking, sanitation facility, drinking water source, and maternal and paternal educations. Median district 5q0 declined from 99 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2000 to 70 in 2010. The decline ranged between <5% in some northern districts, where under-five mortality had been higher in 2000, to >40% in southern districts, where it had been lower in 2000, leading to higher inequalities. Primary education increased in men and women and more households had access to improved water and sanitation and cleaner cooking fuels over the same period. Higher use of liquefied petroleum gas for cooking was associated with lower 5q0 in multivariate analysis. Associations for the other social and environmental variables were not consistent or were weak in the different analyses although there were indications of beneficial effects from replacing wood with charcoal or kerosene, from improved sanitation (but not water), and from higher share of mothers and fathers with primary education. The second paper examines personal particulate matter exposures and locations of 56 students from eight schools in four neighborhoods in of varying socioeconomic status in Accra, Ghana, using gravimetric and continuous PM2.5 data, with time-matched global positioning system coordinates. Personal PM2.5 exposures ranged from less than 10 μg/m3 to more than 150 μg/m3 (mean 56 μg/m3). Girls had higher exposure than boys (67 vs. 44 μg/m3; p-value = 0.001). Exposure was inversely associated with distance of home or school to main roads, but the associations were not statistically significant in the multivariate model. Use of biomass fuels in the area where the school was located was also associated with higher exposure, as was household’s own biomass use. Paved schoolyard surface was associated with lower exposure. School locations in relation to major roads, materials of school ground surfaces, and biomass use in the area around schools may be important determinants of air pollution exposure. The third paper assesses the feasibility of using hospital administrative records for understanding air pollution health effects on pregnancy outcomes in Accra. This evaluation addresses whether: (i) the available health administrative data can be used to assess PM pollution-related adverse pregnancy outcomes, in particular birth weight; (ii) the health administrative structure and data can be used in the design of follow-up studies in such settings; (iii) the number of births that occur in the city would provide a large enough sample size; and (iv) birth weight distribution in such complex source-pollution environments varies substantially across neighhorhoods. There are six health districts in the Accra metropolis. In addition to other government and private facilities, each district is served by a Government polyclinic, where maternal and child health records in the district are collated. Neonatal and maternal health records, including anthropometric and demographic information are primarily kept by the individual women in cards provided by the Ghana Health Services. There are an estimated 10,000 births annually in each district. The average birth weight across selected facilities was 3,167±458 g, with individual birth weights ranging from 1,200 g to 6,000 g. Mean birth weight was similar across polyclinics. More than 95% of expectant mothers received at least 4 antenatal care visits at a health facility. Child immunization for the full range of vaccines covers over 80% of children born in the metropolis. A retrospective study of the association of air pollution exposure and birth weight in Accra through the use of hospital administrative records is feasible provided mothers are targeted through the public health units, which is responsible for child immunization.
Environmental Health
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Kutufam, Doreen Vivian. "Gendering of health communication campaigns in Ghana cultural relevancy and social identity /." Related electronic resource:, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1375538411&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=3739&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Baidoo, Rhodaline. "Toward a Comprehensive Healthcare System in Ghana." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1237304137.

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Hill, Emilie. "Master of Public Health Research Project: Unmarried Women in Ghana, Africa: Predictors of Condom Use- An Analysis of the 2008 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey/Questionnaire Database." VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2069.

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Background: Many factors affect whether women will insist that their sexual partners use a condom. This research project will identify some of the predictors of condom use among unmarried women in Ghana, Africa. Methods: This research project evaluated data from the 2008 DHS of women in Ghana, Africa for predictors of condom use among unmarried women. A total of 4,916 women completed the surveys. Of these, 1,966 women were unmarried. The research project employed multiple logistic regression analysis to determine condom use predictors at the time of the last sexual encounter for these 1,966 unmarried women. Results: Women with a secondary education or beyond were 3.2 (95% CI=2-5.2) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women with a primary education or less. Women ages 15-24 were 5.3 (95% CI=2.5-11.3) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women ages 35-49. Women ages 25-34 were not significantly different than the women ages 35-49. Women living in an urban area were 1.8 (95% CI=1.3-2.5) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women living in a rural area. Women with a higher level of literacy (could read a full sentence) were 3.6 (95% CI=2.5-5.1) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women with a lower level of literacy (were unable to read a full sentence). And in concert, women who read a newspaper or a magazine once a week or more were 2.4 (95% CI=1.6-3.5) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women who read a news paper or a magazine less than once a week. Similarly, women who watched television once a week or more were 2.9 (95%CI= 1.9-4.3) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women who watched less than once a week. Women who were determined to have “excellent” knowledge about HIV were 5.8 (95% CI=1.5-22.3) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women who were determined to have “fair or poor” knowledge. The results for women with a “good” knowledge were not significantly different than for those with “fair or poor” knowledge. Women who were determined, through a series of questions about wife beating, to have a low tolerance for abuse towards women (“strong” attitude about domestic violence/women’s rights) were 1.8 (95% CI=1.2-2.7) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom than women who were determined to have a high tolerance for abuse towards women (“poor” attitude about domestic violence/women’s rights). Results for women with a “fair” attitude were not significantly different from those with a “poor” attitude. Total life time sexual partners, frequency of listening to the radio, and interestingly, access to condoms did not significantly affect condom use. After multivariate adjustment, the significant predictors of condom use at the time of last sexual encounter were age, literacy, and amount of television watched. The results were: women age 15-24 (compared to women ages 35-49), women who could read a full sentence, and women who watched television once a week or more were 3.7 (95% CI=1.7-8.1), 2.1 (95% CI=1.4-3.3), and 1.8 (95% CI=1.2-2.8) times more likely to have insisted on the use of a condom during their last sexual encounter, respectively. Conclusion: Education, age, locality, literacy, media exposure (through reading the news paper or a magazine and watching television), knowledge about HIV, and attitude about domestic were predictors of condom use by the sexual partner of unmarried Ghanaian women at the time of last sexual encounter. After multivariate adjustment, only age, literacy, and amount of television watched were significant predictors of condom use at the time of the last sexual encounter.
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Books on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Service, Ghana Statistical. Ghana demographic and health survey, 1988. Accra, Ghana: Ghana Statistical Service, 1989.

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Ashitey, Gilford A. An epidemiology of disease control in Ghana, 1901-1990. Accra: Ghana Universities Press, 1994.

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Public health issues in Ghana: Practice, interventions and control strategies. Tema, Ghana: For the University of Ghana by Digibooks Ghana Ltd, 2014.

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Evans-Anfom, E. Traditional medicine in Ghana: Practice, problems and prospects. Accra: Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1986.

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Bonabom, Isidore. Health and human rights in Ghana: The political and economic aspects of health care. Champaign, Illinois, USA: Common Ground, 2014.

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Emerging community health insurance schemes/mutual health organizations in Ghana: Danida supported schemes : achievements & challenges. [Accra?: s.n., 2003.

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Nyarko, Philomena. Acceptability and promotion strategies for LNG-IUS in Ghana: A public health assessment. Accra, Ghana: Population Council, Regional Office for Sub-Saharan Africa, 2009.

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Addae, S. Kojo. The evolution of modern medicine in a developing country: Ghana 1880-1960. Edinburgh: Durham Academic Press, 1997.

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Norman, Ishmael D. Methods and practices: Public health and legal preparedness for disasters and emergencies in Ghana. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Dorrance Publishing Co., Inc., 2011.

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Bhatia, Sujata K. (Sujata Kumari) and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Medical Devices and Biomaterials for the Developing World: Case Studies in Ghana and Nicaragua. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012.

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Book chapters on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Fatunde, Olumurejiwa A., and Sujata K. Bhatia. "Case Study of Ghana." In SpringerBriefs in Public Health, 19–32. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4759-7_2.

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Ayisi, Emmanuel Kofi, Emmanuel Yeboah-Assiamah, and Justice Nyigmah Bawole. "Politics of Public Policy Implementation: Case of Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3395-1.

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Bedi, Innocent Kwame, Aaron Kweku Amanor, and Sedem Nunyuia Amedome. "Evaluation of the State of Mental Health in Ghana: Policy, Practice, and Education." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–8. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_4165-1.

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Sanyare, Francis Nangbeviel, and Justine Guguneni Tuolong. "Administrative Efficiency and Policy Failure: The National Health Insurance Scheme of Ghana in Perspective." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_3307-1.

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Sanyare, Francis Nangbeviel, and Justine Guguneni Tuolong. "Administrative Efficiency and Policy Failure: The National Health Insurance Scheme of Ghana in Perspective." In Global Encyclopedia of Public Administration, Public Policy, and Governance, 184–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20928-9_3307.

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Yelpaala, Kaakpema, and Saleem H. Ali. "17. Perspectives on diamond mining and public health in Akwatia, Ghana." In Small-Scale Mining, Rural Subsistence and Poverty in West Africa, 211–18. Rugby, Warwickshire, United Kingdom: Practical Action Publishing, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3362/9781780445939.017.

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Vecchione, Elisa, and Justin Parkhurst. "The Use of Evidence in Health Policy in Ghana: Implications for Accountability and Democratic Governance." In International Series on Public Policy, 75–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93467-9_4.

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Selvamani, Y., P. Arokiasamy, and Uttamacharya. "Effects of Childhood and Current Socioeconomic Status on Health of Older Adults in India, China, Ghana, Mexico, Russia and South Africa: An Analysis of WHO-SAGE Data." In Applied Demography and Public Health in the 21st Century, 329–48. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43688-3_18.

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"Effects of a Mass Media Campaign to Prevent AIDS Among Young People in Ghana." In Public Health Communication, 163–78. Routledge, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410603029-17.

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Adam, Awolu, Adam Fusheini, and Daniel Dramani Kipo-Sunyehzi. "A Collaborative Health Promotion Approach to Improve Rural Health Delivery and Health Outcomes in Ghana: A Case Example of a Community-Based Health Planning and Services (CHPS) Strategy." In Rural Health [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.97882.

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Rural health is a core component of public health but developing rural is a major public challenge, especially, in poor and resource-limited settings around the world. Poor rural healthcare, both access and quality is a strong contributory factor in poor health outcomes such as high maternal, under-five, and infant mortality rates in developing countries, particularly, in sub-Sahara Africa; as millions of rural folks including women and children face many challenges in accessing primary healthcare. This chapter will examine these challenges in rural communities that negatively affect health outcomes and create health disparities between rural and urban populations in Ghana. We will discuss how maternal and child health outcomes can be improved through collaborative rural health promotion. A case for collaborative rural health promotion efforts will be made in this chapter and a community-based health planning and delivery service (CHPS) model will be presented as an example of collaborative rural health promotion in Ghana.
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Conference papers on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Belawati, Yeny Ristaning, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Bhisma Murti. "Meta-Analysis the Effect of Chronic Disease on Catastrophic Health Expenditure." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.49.

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ABSTRACT Background: The growing prevalence of chronic diseases contributed to high financial risks of health care. High total out-of-pocket health expenditure relative to income can result in catastrophic health expenditure. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effect of chronic disease on catastrophic health expenditure. Subjects and Method: Meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted by collecting articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link databases, which published from year 2000 to 2020. Keywords to collect the articles including,” chronic disease” OR “chronic illness” AND “catastrophic health expenditure” OR “financial burden” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odds ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, in English language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. Catastrophic health expenditure criteria if capacity to pay was ≥40% (excluding primary needs). The study population was households. The intervention was chronic disease with comparison non chronic disease. The study outcome was catastrophic health expenditure. The articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 9 studies from Tanzania, Korea, China, Ghana, and India were selected for this study. This study showed that chronic disease increased catastrophic health expenditure (aOR= 1.94; 95% CI= 1.45 to 2.54; p<0.001). Conclusion: Chronic disease increases catastrophic health expenditure. Keywords: chronic disease, catastrophic health expenditure Correspondence: Yeny Ristaning Belawati. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57216, Central Java. Email: belawatiyeni@gmail.com. Mobile: 082243302740. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.04.49
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Pangestu, Utami, Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi, and Hanung Prasetya. "Effect of Fruits and Vegetables Intake on Obesity in School-Aged Children: Meta-Analysis." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129.

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ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies suggest that individual and environmental factors were associated lack of vegetable and fruit consumption, which can lead to obesity. Recent studies have indicated the level of vegetable and fruit intake in children aged 2-7 years is particularly low. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of fruits and vegetables intake on obesity in school-aged children. Subjects and Method: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. The study was conducted by collecting published articles from Google Scholar, PubMed, Research Gate, dan Springer Link databases, from year 2011 to 2019. Keywords used ”Nutrition” OR “Obesity” AND ”Cross sectional”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using English OR Indonesian language, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted odds ratio. The study population (P) was school-aged children. Intervention (I) was fruits and vegetables intake with comparison (C) malnutrition. The study outcome (O) was obesity. The collected articles were selected by PRISMA flow chart. The quantitative data were analyzed using Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies from Ethiopia, South Afrika, Nepal, Ghana, Saudi Arabia, reported that low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children (aOR= 1.34; 95% CI= 1.06 to 1.70; p<0.001; I2= 92%). Conclusion: Low fruits and vegetables intake increased the risk of obesity in school-aged children. Keywords: obesity, nutrition, fruits and vegetables intake, school-aged children Correspondence: Utami Pangestu. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: utamipangestu@gmail.com. Mobile: 087836021638. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.129
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"Spatio-temporal modelling of malaria incidence for evaluation of public health policy interventions in Ghana, West Africa." In 19th International Congress on Modelling and Simulation. Modelling and Simulation Society of Australia and New Zealand (MSSANZ), Inc., 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.36334/modsim.2011.a10.appiah.

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DONKOH, EMMANUEL, MARTINA MURPHY, and ROBERT EADIE. "Developing A Public Private Partnership Performance Framework for Transport and Health Sector Stakeholders in the UK and Ghana." In Fifth International Conference on Advances in Civil, Structural and Mechanical Engineering - CSM 2017. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-132-0-62.

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Morgan, SA, C. Eyles, PJ Roderick, P. Adongo, and AG Hill. "RF21 Living with multimorbidity in ghana: a qualitative study guided by the cumulative complexity model." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.109.

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Gbogbo, S., MA Ayanore, Y. Enuameh, and C. Schweppe. "P26 Early motherhood: a qualitative study exploring experiences of adolescent mothers in the hohoe municipality of ghana." In Society for Social Medicine 62nd Annual Scientific Meeting, Hosted by the MRC/CSO Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, 5–7 September 2018. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2018-ssmabstracts.152.

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Šoltés, Martin, Daniel Kappler, Sascha Koberstaedt, and Markus Lienkamp. "Flexible, User- and Product-Centered Framework for Developing Frugal Products Based on a Case Study of a Vehicle for Sub-Saharan Africa." In ASME 2017 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2017-70149.

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Through design thinking, a team of researchers and students from Nigeria, Ghana and Germany has identified rural transportation as a key enabler for addressing the most pressing challenges in the developing world. Since 2013, the team has been working together on designing a new vehicle concept for Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of the project is to provide the rural population in Sub-Saharan Africa with an attractive mobility concept that helps to prevent the rural exodus and strengthens the independence of the rural regions. A promising concept must consider the specific market requirements and the resources available locally in order to address the heart of the problem as a “First Mile Vehicle”. This paper aims to introduce a holistic framework for frugal innovation and to analyze the process of deriving the vehicle concept meeting regional requirements until it is ready for serial production. The focus, therefore, is demand-driven development of a multifunctional electric vehicle that primarily provides mobility for the individual and transport of people and goods as a possible commercial basis. The result of the research and design process is a vehicle concept that meets the needs of the people living in rural areas of Sub-Saharan Africa. The first fully functional prototype of this vehicle was presented to the public at the Technical University of Munich in May 2016.
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Reports on the topic "Public health – Ghana"

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Esantsi, Selina, Francis Onyango, Gloria Asare, Emmanuel Kuffour, Placide Tapsoba, Harriet Birungi, and Ian Askew. Understanding the reproductive health needs of adolescents in selected slums in Ghana: A public health assessment. Population Council, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh4.1046.

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Nyarko, Philomena, Cletus Adohinzin, Placide Tapsoba, Selina Esantsi, John Townsend, Nicholas Kanlisi, Ekua Ed-Nighpense, and Gloria Asare. Acceptability and promotion strategies for LNG-IUS in Ghana: A public health assessment. Population Council, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh13.1004.

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Ama Pokuaa, Fenny, Aba Obrumah Crentsil, Christian Kwaku Osei, and Felix Ankomah Asante. Fiscal and Public Health Impact of a Change in Tobacco Excise Taxes in Ghana. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2020.003.

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This working paper predicts the fiscal and public health outcomes from a change in the excise tax structure for cigarettes in Ghana. More than 5,000 people are killed by diseases caused by tobacco every year in Ghana (Tobacco Atlas 2018). Currently the country has a unitary tax administration approach, with a uniform ad valorem tax structure on all excisable products, including tobacco. However, the ECOWAS directive on tobacco control, in line with the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (WHO 2003), recommends a simple tax structure – using a mixed excise system with a minimum specific tax floor to overcome the limitations of an ad valorem system on tobacco products, especially cigarettes. The study therefore simulates mixed tax policy interventions, and assesses their effect on government revenue and public health relative to the current ad valorem tax system. Primary data collection of tobacco prices in three geographical zones of the country was conducted in February 2020, across both rural and urban localities. This was supported with secondary data from national and international databases. Based on the assumption that Ghana adopts a mixed tax structure, the simulation shows that, if the government imposes a specific excise tax of GH₵4.00 (US$0.80) per pack in addition to the current ad valorem rate of 175 per cent of the CIF value, the average retail price of a cigarette pack would increase by 128 per cent, cigarette consumption decrease by 27 per cent, tobacco excise tax revenue increase by 627 per cent, and overall tobacco-related government tax revenue increase by 201 per cent.1 Additionally, there would be significant declines in smoking prevalence (3.3%), smoking intensity (1,448 cigarettes per year), and 3,526 premature smoking-related deaths would be avoided. The paper advocates for a strong tax administration and technical capacity, with continuous commitment by the government to adjust the tax rate in line with the rate of inflation and per capita income growth.
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Abdellatif, Omar S., and Ali Behbehani. Ghana COVID-19 Governmental Response. UN Compliance Research Group, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52008/ghn0501.

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The International Health Regulations (2005) are legally binding on 196 States Parties, Including all WHO Member States. The IHR aims to keep the world informed about public health risks, through committing all signatories to cooperate together in combating any future “illness or medical condition, irrespective of origin or source, that presents or could present significant harm to humans.” Under IHR, countries agreed to strengthen their public health capacities and notify the WHO of any such illness in their populations. The WHO would be the centralized body for all countries facing a health threat, with the power to declare a “public health emergency of international concern,” issue recommendations, and work with countries to tackle a crisis. Although, with the sudden and rapid spread of COVID-19 in the world, many countries varied in implementing the WHO guidelines and health recommendations. While some countries followed the WHO guidelines, others imposed travel restrictions against the WHO’s recommendations. Some refused to share their data with the organization. Others banned the export of medical equipment, even in the face of global shortages. The UN Compliance Research group will focus during the current cycle on analyzing the compliance of the WHO member states to the organizations guidelines during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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