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Journal articles on the topic 'Public health – Ghana'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

Kofi Boachie, Micheal, K. Ramu, and Tatjana Põlajeva. "Public Health Expenditures and Health Outcomes: New Evidence from Ghana." Economies 6, no. 4 (October 29, 2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/economies6040058.

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The effect of government spending on population’s health has received attention over the past decades. This study re-examines the link between government health expenditures and health outcomes to establish whether government intervention in the health sector improves outcomes. The study uses annual data for the period 1980–2014 on Ghana. The ordinary least squares (OLS) and the two-stage least squares (2SLS) estimators are employed for analyses; the regression estimates are then used to conduct cost-effectiveness analysis. The results show that, aside from income, public health expenditure contributed to the improvements in health outcomes in Ghana for the period. We find that, overall, increasing public health expenditure by 10% averts 0.102–4.4 infant and under-five deaths in every 1000 live births while increasing life expectancy at birth by 0.77–47 days in a year. For each health outcome indicator, the effect of income dominates that of public spending. The cost per childhood mortality averted ranged from US$0.20 to US$16, whereas the cost per extra life year gained ranged from US$7 to US$593.33 (2005 US$) during the period. Although the health effect of income outweighs that of public health spending, high (and rising) income inequality makes government intervention necessary. In this respect, development policy should consider raising health sector investment inter alia to improve health conditions.

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Boachie, Micheal Kofi, and K. Ramu. "Effect of public health expenditure on health status in Ghana." International Journal of Health 4, no. 1 (February 21, 2016): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijh.v4i1.5794.

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<p>Health is an outcome indicator of economic growth and development of a country. Healthcare is a major factor for health status. In this regard, healthcare expenditure is a vital input for the health production function. In this context, this study examined the effect of public health expenditure on health status in Ghana. Annual time-series data on infant mortality rate, real per capita income, literacy levels and female labour force participation rate for the period 1990-2012 have been used. Infant mortality rate was used as the output variable. To test the relationship between input-output variables, Ordinary Least Squares and Newey-West regression techniques were used. The regression estimates suggest that real per capita income, public health expenditure, education and female presence in the labour market were negatively related to infant mortality rate. However, the elasticity coefficients of female participation in the labour market and real per capita income were statistically insignificant at 5% level. This study concludes that public health expenditure and literacy/education improve health status by reducing infant mortality. The favourable effect of education or literacy on health is greater than that of public health spending whereas the effect of real per capita come on health was found to be weak. The findings provide the impetus for government to raise literacy level and its health spending in the country to promote health.</p>

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Agyepong, Irene Akua, William A. Sollecito, Sam Adjei, and James E. Veney. "Continuous Quality Improvement in Public Health in Ghana." Quality Management in Health Care 9, no. 4 (2001): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00019514-200109040-00002.

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Boadu, Elijah Frimpong, Riza Yosia Sunindijo, and Cynthia Changxin Wang. "Health and Safety Consideration in the Procurement of Public Construction Projects in Ghana." Buildings 11, no. 3 (March 20, 2021): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11030128.

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This study explored the extent to which health and safety (H&S) are considered in the procurement of public sector projects in Ghana. This is based on the background that procurement decisions have implications for project H&S management. The enormous size of public procurement projects offers opportunities for public clients to influence the behaviour of the construction market including the promotion of H&S through procurement. To date, no study has fully assessed the extent of H&S considerations in procurement decisions for public sector construction projects in Ghana. To fill this gap, this research has provided an evidence-based assessment of H&S considerations in the various stages of the procurement process for public sector projects in Ghana. Through a questionnaire survey, data were collected from construction industry professionals in Ghana. The data were subjected to statistical analysis to evaluate the extent of H&S considerations. The findings suggest that H&S is given low priority in the procurement of public projects, because clear project objectives relating to H&S are not set, and adequate consideration is not given to H&S at the various procurement stages. Based on the findings, this research has made recommendations to promote H&S in public procurement in Ghana.

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Oduro, Paul Owusu. "HCV Diagnosis in Ghana – Limitations and Public Health Implications." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 256–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.08.01.art028.

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Owusu-Addo, E., R. Cross, and P. Sarfo-Mensah. "Evidence-based practice in local public health service in Ghana." Critical Public Health 27, no. 1 (May 10, 2016): 125–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09581596.2016.1182621.

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Larbi, George A. "Contracting‐out in public health and water services in Ghana." International Journal of Public Sector Management 11, no. 2/3 (April 1998): 154–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513559810216474.

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8

Boachie, Micheal Kofi, and K. Ramu. "Distribution of the benefits from public health expenditures in Ghana." Quality & Quantity 52, no. 1 (January 30, 2017): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11135-017-0475-x.

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9

Adu-Gyamfi, Samuel, Aminu Dramani, Kwasi Amakye-Boateng, and Sampson Akomeah. "Public Health: Socio-Political History of a People." Journal of Arts and Humanities 6, no. 8 (August 17, 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v6i8.1122.

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<p>This study focuses on the transformations that have characterised public health in Asante. The study highlights the changes that have occurred in the traditional public health which include the use of roots, leaves, back of trees and spiritualities’ as well as the colonial administration’s introduction of modern or western medicine and post-colonial inheritance. The domination of Asante from 1902-1957 by the British influenced the public health in Asante. This necessitated the introduction of western medicine, which included the building of hospitals and clinics and training of physicians to cater for the sick. Post-colonial Ghana after 1957saw a new direction in public health in Asante it ensured continuity and change. However, of the all the successes of traditional medicine and its importance even in modern times, an in-depth study of this subject has not received attention for the benefit of academia and society. It is critical to turn back, consider how public health was ensured in the first half of the twentieth century and balance it with modern practices. This will help us draw necessary lessons for modern society. This study, therefore, does a retrospective analyses/narrative on the accessibility and equitability of health to all citizens of Ghana and Asante in particular within the twentieth century and to further access the continuity and change over time. </p>

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10

Bannor, Richard, Anthony Kwame Asare, and Justice Nyigmah Bawole. "Effectiveness of social media for communicating health messages in Ghana." Health Education 117, no. 4 (June 5, 2017): 342–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-06-2016-0024.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop an in-depth understanding of the effectiveness, evolution and dynamism of the current health communication media used in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach This paper uses a multi-method approach which utilizes a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. In-depth interviews are conducted with health promotion professionals in Ghana and 150 members of the general public were surveyed. Findings The paper finds that the general public sees social media as an effective place for health professionals to share health-related messages. They also view health-related messages on social media seriously. Health professionals see social media as an effective tool for sending health-related messages to the public and are concerned about the fact that traditional media are losing their effectiveness as means to share health-related messages. Research limitations/implications This study was conducted in Ghana. Future studies should be conducted across multiple countries to examine the conclusions developed in this paper and the possibility of multiple perspectives regarding the use of social media for sending health messages. Practical implications The results inform public health officials on developments in health communication and suggest prescriptions on how to adjust to the new media. Originality/value Health messaging is an area that has been relatively ignored in the literature and almost no research focusses on the effectiveness of social media and other health messaging technologies, particularly in developing countries. Although the study was conducted in Ghana, health professionals worldwide can use the findings to help improve their health messaging strategies.

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Osei, Akwasi O., Mark Roberts, and Jim Crabb. "The new Ghana mental health bill." International Psychiatry 8, no. 1 (February 2011): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600006159.

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In Ghana, the main burden of ill-health, as in many sub-Saharan countries, consists of communicable disease, illnesses due to inadequate nutrition and poor reproductive health. As these conditions are tackled, other diseases, such as mental disorders and substance misuse, are also becoming the focus of development efforts. In Ghana, it has been estimated that there are 2166 000 individuals experiencing a mild to moderate mental disorder, with a further 650000 suffering from a severe mental disorder, out of a population of 21.6 million (World Health Organization, 2007). In 2003, the country's mental health workforce consisted of 9 psychiatrists (only 4 of whom worked in mental health services), 451 nurses and 160 community psychiatric nurses (World Health Organization, 2003). Currently there are just 5 consultant psychiatrists in active service in the public sector and 11 retired psychiatrists. As just under 33 000 individuals are seen each year in Ghana by mental health services, there is an estimated treatment gap of 98% (World Health Organization, 2007). Most mental healthcare is undertaken at the three large psychiatric hospitals, in the south of the country. This is reflected in the ratio of out-patient attendance to admission, which is 4.64 for mental health, compared with 14.6 for all health conditions (Ghana Health Service, 2005).

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Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch. "Risk factors for road transport–related injury among pedestrians in rural Ghana: Implications for road safety education." Health Education Journal 76, no. 7 (July 27, 2017): 880–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0017896917719736.

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Objectives: Injuries and mortality resulting from pedestrian road traffic crashes are a major public health problem in Ghana. This study investigated risk factors for road transport-related injury among pedestrians in rural Ghana. Design: Case study design using qualitative data. Method: In-depth interviews were conducted with pedestrians. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the responses. Results: Findings showed that participants considered road design, roadside trading, inconsiderate driving, pedestrian traffic behaviour, low pedestrian crash risk perception and parental negligence as important determinants of road transport-related injury among pedestrians in rural Ghana. Conclusion: These findings suggest that safe pedestrian road environments and health-enhancing traffic attitudes and behaviour may help reduce the pedestrian crash problem in rural Ghana.

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Oduro, Paul Owusu. "National HIV Testing Algorithm in Ghana – Efficiency and Public Health Implications." TEXILA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 8, no. 1 (March 30, 2020): 106–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.21522/tijph.2013.08.01.art011.

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Antwi-Boasiako, Joseph, Charles Othniel A. Abbey, Patrick Ogbey, and Rita Amponsah Ofori. "Policy Responses to fight COVID-19; the case of Ghana." Revista de Administração Pública 55, no. 1 (February 2021): 122–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-761220200507.

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Abstract This paper focuses on the policy responses of Ghana’s government with a focus on three areas: health, economic, and social. Ghana had made several policy interventions in these three areas. The study highlighted the adoption of the 3T-approach in health, CAP-20 in economics, and free water and subsidized electricity for citizens as social interventions. The study concludes that the measures undertaken by the Government of Ghana have yielded significant results even though some challenges with delivery mechanisms are identified. The available statistics as of October 25, 2020 on the COVID-19 situation in Ghana further affirm the gains.

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Amofah, George K. "Ghana: Selective versus Comprehensive Primary Health Care." Tropical Doctor 24, no. 2 (April 1994): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947559402400212.

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The furore which surrounded the debate over selective versus comprehensive primary health care (PHC) world wide appears to have died down. After 10 years of PHC implementation in Ghana, however, it is imperative that we revisit the issue in the Ghanaian context. This is because the choice either way has implications for programme planning, implementation, financing and the achievement of stated health policy goals in Ghana. Here I shall attempt to analyse the issues involved in Selective and Comprehensive PHC, outline the advantages and disadvantages of each strategy and suggest a compromise strategy in the Ghanaian context.

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Hussey, Lucia Kafui, and Godwin Arku. "Conceptualizations of climate-related health risks among health experts and the public in Ghana." Social Science & Medicine 223 (February 2019): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.01.026.

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De-Graft Aikins, Ama, and Bernard Akoi-Jackson. "“Colonial Virus”: COVID-19, creative arts and public health communication in Ghana." Ghana Medical Journal 54, no. 4s (December 31, 2020): 86–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v54i4s.13.

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Since March 2020, Ghana’s creative arts communities have tracked the complex facets of the COVID-19 pandemic through various art forms. This paper reports a study that analysed selected ‘COVID art forms’ through arts and health and critical health psychology frameworks. Art forms produced between March and July 2020, and available in the public sphere - traditional media, social media and public spaces - were collated. The data consisted of comedy, cartoons, songs, murals and textile designs. Three key functions emerged from analysis: health promotion (comedy, cartoons, songs); disease prevention (masks); and improving the aesthetics of the healthcare environment (murals). Textile designs performed broader socio-cultural functions of memorialising and political advocacy. Similar to earlier HIV/AIDS and Ebola arts interventions in other African countries, these Ghanaian COVID art forms translated public health information on COVID-19 in ways that connected emotionally, created social awareness and improved public understanding. However, some art forms had limitations: for example, songs that edutained using fear-based strategies or promoting conspiracy theories on the origins and treatment of COVID-19, and state-sponsored visual art that representedpublic health messaging decoupled from socio-economic barriers to health protection. These were likely to undermine the public health communication goals of behaviour modification. We outline concrete approaches to incorporate creative arts into COVID-19 public health interventions and post-pandemic health systems strengthening in Ghana.

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Anabila, Peter, Desmond Kwadjo Kumi, and Janet Anome. "Patients’ perceptions of healthcare quality in Ghana." International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance 32, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 176–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhcqa-10-2017-0200.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of service quality (SQ), customer satisfaction (CS) and customer loyalty (CL) in Ghana’s health sector and a comparative analysis of private and public hospital SQ. Design/methodology/approach A convenient sample of 1,236 respondents was generated from both private and public hospitals. The study utilises an asymptotic distribution free estimation technique in CB-SEM using LISREL to test the relationships, while Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney test was used to determine the differences in SQ performances between private and public hospitals. Findings The study found a significant positive relationship between SQ and CS. Also, the study found a significant positive relationship between CS and CL. Finally, SQ was found to be better in private hospitals, resulting higher CS and CL. Practical implications The study highlights the significant role SQ plays in generating CS and CL to guide healthcare provider policy decision making to improve healthcare delivery. It also serves as a guide to patients to make informed decisions regarding the choice of alternative hospitals. Originality/value The study provides a useful guide to strategy and policy formulation in the healthcare sector by exploring the potential viability of SERVQUAL-related model as a relevant tool for assessing SQ in Ghana’s health sector. The results also identified SQ gap between private and public hospitals and thus have implications on how hospitals should strategise to improve their SQ.

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Theophilus Ampah, Isaac, and Rabi Sidi Ali. "The Role of Service Quality in Patients (Customer) Satisfaction in Public Healthcare Institutions in Ghana." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INNOVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 5, no. 2 (2019): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.18775/ijied.1849-7551-7020.2015.52.2005.

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The aim is to investigate whether the effective service quality delivery leads to customers’ satisfaction and to find the extent of service quality adoption among public healthcare institutions in Ghana. Data was collected from public healthcare delivery respondents in health administration in Ghana. There are 252 respondents from public healthcare institutions (healthcare administrators, medical doctors, nursing officers, and patients). Purposive sampling was utilized to select the participated healthcare players. With the use of self-completion structured questionnaires, primary data was collected from respondents and analyzed using frequencies, mean, and standard deviation. The structured questionnaire used consisted of multiple choice and Likert Scale questions. Furthermore, secondary sources were also used. Results showed that 55% healthcare participants stated service quality adoption in public healthcare institutions to be medium, followed by 45% of respondents to be high. The study concluded that marketing mix adoption among public healthcare institutions in Ghana is medium. Also, there is a fairly good relationship between patients (customers) satisfaction, and service quality and hence effective adoption of service quality leads to customer satisfaction.

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Baltussen, R., E. Bruce, G. Rhodes, S. A. Narh-Bana, and I. Agyepong. "Management of mutual health organizations in Ghana." Tropical Medicine and International Health 11, no. 5 (May 2006): 654–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2006.01621.x.

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Wojtysiak, Katarzyna, Ewa Zieliński, and Tomasz Wojsz. "Health hazards as a consequence of the poor technical condition of vehicles in Ghana." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 9, no. 5 (September 24, 2021): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2021.957.

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Purpose: This is a review to assess the health hazards resulted from the poor technical condition of vehicles in Ghana. In developing countries, the number of vehicles involved in road traffic is systematically increasing. The health consequences of road accidents are a crucial public concern. Methodology: The PubMed and Google scholar search were used to find literature for this analysis. The following keywords were taken into consideration in this paper: health hazards, technical conditions, vehicles, accidents, developing countries, Ghana. The analysis has been done by the systematic review analysis method. The articles were selected in terms of the health hazards resulting from the poor technical condition of vehicles in Ghana and its effects on road safety. Twenty papers were being reviewed. Main findings: The quality of vehicles on Ghanaian roads is low. Most of the cars are old. For economic reasons, users often use substandard products to repair cars. Poor-quality, non-original, mismatched parts can lead to an accident. The technical condition of vehicles affects the safety of road users. The security of citizens should be an essential goal of the state. Inspections of the technical condition of cars, especially in public transport, should be strengthened and the frequency increased. Implications: Based on the analysis of the publications, it was assessed that there is no current literature on technical problems of vehicles in Ghana, with particular emphasis on public transport. This is an essential topic for the security of citizens and should be investigated, analyzed, and lessons learned without delay. Novelty in this study: There is a lack of systematic reviews of the impact of health hazards resulted from the poor condition of vehicles in Ghana. The paper is an attempt to assess the impact of the problem.

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Darko, George, Kaj Björkqvist, and Karin Österman. "Workplace Bullying and Psychological Distress in Public Institutions in Ghana." European Journal of Social Science Education and Research 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v6i1.p62-74.

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Sex differences and psychological distress associated with workplace bullying were investigated in a total of 1,273 employees in three public institutions in Ghana. The effect of level of occupation (junior vs. senior) was also explored. Victimisation from bullying was measured with an abbreviated version of the Work Harassment Scale (WHS-7), and mental health associations with workplace bullying were assessed with an indicator of psychological distress (General Health Questionnaire, GHQ-12). 19.1% of the respondents had been bullied “often” or “very often”. There were no sex differences in frequency of victimisation from bullying. Occupational status was significantly associated with bullying: junior staff members reported higher levels of victimisation from bullying and higher levels of psychological distress than senior staff members. Workplace bullying appears to b common in public institutions in Ghana, and has significant negative outcomes for individuals, especially junior staff members. The findings have implications for policy-makers, employers, and employees.

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Gaddah, Mawuli, Alistair Munro, and Peter Quartey. "The Demand for Public Health Care and the Progressivity of Health Care Services in Ghana." African Development Review 27, no. 2 (June 2015): 79–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8268.12125.

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Amofah, George. "COVID-19 epidemic response in Ghana." Ghana Medical Journal 54, no. 4s (December 31, 2020): 3–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v54i4s.2.

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The year 2020 has looked like a fairy tale as the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the world with devastating socio-economic and health consequences. The impact of the pandemic has depended, largely, on preparedness and response of countries, and their ability to adjust to the fast-evolving pandemic. The World Health Organization (WHO) declared the novel coronavirus outbreak a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) on 30th January 2020, and Ghana reported its first two confirmed cases on 12th March 2020.

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Williams, Dinsie B., Jillian C. Kohler, Andrew Howard, Zubin Austin, and Yu-Ling Cheng. "A framework for the management of donated medical devices based on perspectives of frontline public health care staff in Ghana." Medicine Access @ Point of Care 4 (January 2020): 239920262094136. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2399202620941367.

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Background: Transnational funders provide up to 80% of funds for medical devices in resource-limited settings, yet sustained access to medical devices remains unachievable. The primary goal of this study was to identify what factors hinder access to medical devices through the perspectives of frontline public hospital staff in Ghana involved in the implementation of transnational funding initiatives. Methods: A case study was developed that involved an analysis of semi-structured interviews of 57 frontline technical, clinical and administrative public health care staff at 23 sites in Ghana between March and April 2017; a review of the national guidelines for donations; and images of abandoned medical devices. Results: Six key themes emerged, demonstrating how policy, collaboration, quality, lifetime operating costs, attitudes of health care workers and representational leadership influence access to medical devices. An in-depth assessment of these themes has led to the development of an enterprise-wide comprehensive acquisition and management framework for medical devices in the context of transnational funding initiatives. Conclusion: The findings in this study underscore the importance of incorporating frontline health care staff in developing solutions that are targeted at improving delivery of care. Sustained access to medical devices may be achieved in Ghana through the adoption of a rigorous and comprehensive approach to acquisition, management and technical leadership. Funders and public health policy makers may use the study’s findings to inform policy reform and to ensure that the efforts of transnational funders truly help to facilitate sustainable access to medical devices in Ghana.

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van der Linden, Eva L., Karlijn Meeks, Erik Beune, Ama de-Graft Aikins, Juliet Addo, Ellis Owusu-Dabo, Frank P. Mockenhaupt, et al. "The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among Ghanaian migrants and their homeland counterparts: the Research on Obesity and type 2 Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study." European Journal of Public Health 29, no. 5 (April 9, 2019): 906–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckz051.

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Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) is an important risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes. It is unknown whether the MetSyn prevalence differs within a homogenous population residing in different settings in Africa and Europe. We therefore assessed the prevalence of MetSyn among Ghanaians living in rural- and urban-Ghana and Ghanaian migrants living in Europe. Methods We used data from the cross-sectional multi-centre RODAM study that was conducted among Ghanaian adults aged 25–70 years residing in rural- and urban-Ghana and in London, Amsterdam and Berlin (n = 5659). MetSyn was defined according to the 2009 harmonized definition. Geographical locations were compared using age-standardized prevalence rates, and prevalence ratios (PRs), adjusted for age, education, physical activity, and smoking and stratified for sex. Results In men, the age-standardized prevalence of MetSyn was 8.3% in rural Ghana and showed a positive gradient through urban Ghana (23.6%, adjusted PR = 1.85, 95% confidence interval 1.17–2.92) to Europe, with the highest prevalence in Amsterdam (31.4%; PR = 4.45, 2.94–6.75). In women, there was a rural-to-urban gradient in age-standardized MetSyn prevalence (rural Ghana 25%, urban Ghana 34.4%, PR = 1.38, 1.13–1.68), but small differences in MetSyn prevalence between urban-Ghanaian and European-Ghanaian women (Amsterdam 38.4%; London 38.2%). Conclusion MetSyn is highly prevalent in Ghana as well as in Ghanaian migrants in Europe. To assist prevention efforts, further research is needed to understand the mechanisms driving the geographical differences in MetSyn prevalence between migrant and non-migrant Ghanaians.

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Kipo-Sunyehzi, Amogre Ayanore, Dzidzonu, and Ayalsuma Yakubu. "Ghana’s Journey towards Universal Health Coverage: The Role of the National Health Insurance Scheme." European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education 10, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 94–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ejihpe10010009.

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: Background: the main aim of the study is to find if the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS) in Ghana is achieving universal health coverage (UHC) or not. The study gives the trajectories of health policies in Ghana and their implications on long term health financing. NHIS in Ghana was implemented in 2004, with the aim of increasing subscribers’ access to health care services and reduce financial barriers to health care. On equity access to healthcare, it addresses two core concerns: (1) enrolling particular groups (persons exempted from annual premium payments) and (2) achieving UHC for all citizens and persons with legal residence. It utilizes a multifactor approach to the conceptualization of UHC. The research question: is Ghana’s NHIS on course to deliver or achieve universal health coverage? Methods: we used qualitative methods. In doing so, the study engaged participants in in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and direct observations of participants in their natural settings, like hospitals, clinics, offices and homes, with purposive and snowball techniques. This data triangulation approach aims to increase the reliability and validity of findings. Results: the empirical evidence shows NHIS performed relatively well in enrolling more exempt groups (particular groups) than enrolling all persons in Ghana (UHC). The biggest challenge for the implementation of NHIS from the perspectives of health insurance officials is inadequate funding. The health insurance beneficiaries complained of delays during registrations and renewals. They also complained of poor attitude of some health insurance officials and health workers at facilities. Conclusions: both health insurance officials and beneficiaries emphasized the need for increased public education and for implementers to adopt a friendly attitude towards clients. To move towards achieving UHC, there is a need to redesign the policy, to move it from current voluntary contributions, to adopt a broad tax-based approach to cover all citizens and persons with legal residence in Ghana. Also, to adopt a flexible premium payment system (specifically ‘payments by installation’ or ‘part payments’) and widen the scope of exempt groups as a way of enrolling more into the NHIS.

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Bamfo, Bylon Abeeku, and Courage Simon Kofi Dogbe. "Factors influencing the choice of private and public hospitals: empirical evidence from Ghana." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing 11, no. 1 (April 3, 2017): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-11-2015-0054.

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Purpose The study aims to examine the factors influencing the choice of private and public hospitals in Ghana. Design/methodology/approach Purposive and convenient sampling techniques were used in selection of 225 respondents for the study. An independent samples t-test was used in ascertaining the significant difference in the opinions of both groups. Finally, binary logistics regression was used in ascertaining the factors that significantly influenced the choice of hospitals in Ghana. Findings In Ghana, patients’ choice of private or public hospital was significantly influenced by service quality, word-of-mouth, type of ailment and National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Patients who made choice decision based on service quality were more likely to attend a private hospital. Word-of-mouth influenced the choice of public hospitals more than private hospitals. Patients preferred visiting public hospitals for more complicated ailments such as spinal defects, HIV/AIDS, heart-related problems, etc. Patients registered under the NHIS also preferred visiting public hospital to private hospital. Although services from private hospitals were more expensive, patients were more satisfied with services provided, as compared to patients from the public hospital. Cost of service and patient satisfaction, however, did not have a statistically significant effect on the choice of hospital. Originality/value Most comparative studies done on private and public hospitals studied in isolation focused on service quality, customer satisfaction, national health insurance and cost of health care or a combination of them. This study, however, considered all these selection criteria and extended it by adding word-of-mouth and the type of ailments suffered. The study, thus, provided a more comprehensive hospital selection criteria. The use of logistics regression in this particular area of study was also quite unique.

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Droney, Damien. "Networking health: multi-level marketing of health products in Ghana." Anthropology & Medicine 23, no. 1 (July 2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13648470.2015.1057104.

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Morny, Enyam Komla Amewuho, Samuel Bert Boadi-Kusi, Stephen Ocansey, Samuel Kyei, Kwame Yeboah, and Maureen Adanna Mmaduagwu. "Assessing the Progress towards Achieving “VISION 2020: The Right to Sight” Initiative in Ghana." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2019 (July 22, 2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/3813298.

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Purpose. The aim of this study was to analyse eye health delivery in Ghana and examine the progress towards achieving VISION 2020 indicator targets. Methods. This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2017 and May 2018. It used a mixed method approach including desk-based reviews, a questionnaire-based survey of eye facilities in Ghana, and interviews with eye health system stakeholders to collect information on eye health delivery in facilities owned by the Ghana Health Service (GHS), quasigovernmental bodies (security agencies), and Christian Association of Ghana (CHAG). The information was benchmarked against the World Health Organization (WHO) targets for achieving the goals of VISION 2020. Results. The magnitude of blindness and moderate to severe visual impairment (without pinhole) was 0.9% and 3.0%, respectively. The number of ophthalmologists available at the country level was 80.6% of the VISION 2020 target with optometrists and ophthalmic nurses exceeding targets for VISION 2020. The distribution of human resources was heavily skewed towards two out of the 10 regions in Ghana. Cataract surgical rate was low and met 25% of the WHO target. Basic equipment for refraction was available in the majority of facilities; however, there was a general lack of specialised eye care equipment across the country. Comparatively, CHAG facilities were better equipped than GHS facilities at the same level. Conclusion. The Government of Ghana should revitalize the goals of VISION 2020 beyond the year 2020 and spearhead a concerted effort to ensure equitable distribution of human and infrastructural resources across the country.

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Sam, Enoch F., Stijn Daniels, Kris Brijs, Tom Brijs, and Geert Wets. "Modelling public bus/minibus transport accident severity in Ghana." Accident Analysis & Prevention 119 (October 2018): 114–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2018.07.008.

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Mensah, Henry Kofi, Kofi Osei Akuoko, and Florence Ellis. "An Empirical Assessment of Health Workers’ Organisational Commitment in Ghana: A Comparative Analysis." International Journal of Business and Management 11, no. 3 (February 26, 2016): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v11n3p183.

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<p>Organizational commitment has been empirically found to be poor among health workers in Ghana. In this paper, we tried to compare health workers’ organizational commitment in the private and public sectors to understand if organizational commitment remains the same across the two sectors. We collected and used data on healthcare institutions in the two sectors using self-administered questionnaires. Factor analysis was used to analyse data. Results suggest that workers in private healthcare institutions have a favourable organizational commitment, whereas their counterparts in the public sector have poor organizational commitment. The validity of our analysis is based on meeting the Measure of Sampling Adequacy criterion at the levels of individual indicator variables and all variables put together with respect to both the private and public sectors. The Bartlett’s test of sphericity was also significant at the chosen level of significance for both sectors [(Private: Chi-square = 173.68; p = .000); (Public: Chi-square = 235.44; p = .000)]. We therefore provisionally accept the hypothesis that organizational commitment is not the same among private and public health workers. The study recommends that managements of the public health institutions must increase attention on the organizational commitment of health workers by enhancing compensation, ensuring fairness in organizational justice and offer satisfactory job designs.</p>

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Agyepong, IA, K. Anniah, M. Aikins, P. Akweongo, R. Esena, and T. Mirzoev. "Health policy, health systems research and analysis capacity assessment of the school of public health, University of Ghana." Ghana Medical Journal 49, no. 3 (November 25, 2015): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v49i3.12.

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Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Joseph Yaw Yeboah, Razak Mohammed Gyasi, Charlotte Monica Mensah, and Francis Arthur. "Mining and Public Health Implications: Evidence from the Newmont Ghana Gold Limited Enclaves." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology ` 12, no. 3 (February 5, 2016): 272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.12.2334.

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Strupat, Christoph, and Florian Klohn. "Crowding out of solidarity? Public health insurance versus informal transfer networks in Ghana." World Development 104 (April 2018): 212–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2017.11.004.

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Millicent Dzomeku, Veronica, Brian van Wyk, and Jody R. Lori. "Experiences of women receiving childbirth care from public health facilities in Kumasi, Ghana." Midwifery 55 (December 2017): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2017.09.010.

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Agyepong, Irene Akua, Patricia Anafi, Ebenezer Asiamah, Evelyn K. Ansah, Daniel A. Ashon, and Christiana Narh-Dometey. "Health worker (internal customer) satisfaction and motivation in the public sector in Ghana." International Journal of Health Planning and Management 19, no. 4 (2004): 319–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hpm.770.

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Antwi, James, and David C. Phillips. "Wages and health worker retention: Evidence from public sector wage reforms in Ghana." Journal of Development Economics 102 (May 2013): 101–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdeveco.2012.10.004.

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Ganle, John Kuumuori. "Ethnic disparities in utilisation of maternal health care services in Ghana: evidence from the 2007 Ghana Maternal Health Survey." Ethnicity & Health 21, no. 1 (March 2, 2015): 85–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2015.1015499.

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Abdulai, M., Z. I. Abubabakari, S. J. Cobinna, and D. Oduro. "BACTERIA LOADS OF PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE TAMALE METROPOLIS, GHANA." UDS International Journal of Development 7, no. 2 (February 24, 2021): 379–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.47740/492.udsijd6i.

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Investigations for pathogenic microbes on surfaces of objects have been attaining significant consideration from public health researchers for some time now. This is especially because of the risk of the spread of diseases of public health concern. Consequently, this study was conducted to provide information on bacterial contamination levels in taxis and motorised tricycles operating from the Tamale Main Taxi Rank. Forty samples from taxis and tricycle seats were collected and analysed. All samples contained Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp, and Shigella spp. Taxis contained significantly (p < 0.006) more bacteria than tricycles (mean bacterial loads of 20.35×106 CFU/ml and 2.80×10 6 CFU/ml respectively). Also, considering the materials with which the vehicle seats were made vinyl contained more bacteria (14.06×106 CFU/ml) than cloth (10.98×106 CFU/ml) and polythene (1.12×106 CFU/ml). Using the Kruskal-Wallis test for analysing bacteria loads across material types, it was found that there was a significant difference (p < 0.026) between bacteria numbers and material types. The bacteria isolates showed resistance to the antibiotics, ampicillin (10 μg), Ceftazidime (30 μg), Cefotaxime (30 μg), and Ciprofloxacin (5 μg). Taxis and tricycles in some parts of the Metropolis operate under poor hygienic conditions. It is recommended that routine cleaning and disinfection of vehicles as well as the practice of personal hygiene be highly encouraged to keep a safer and healthier urban population and environment. Keywords: Escherichia coli, Pathogenic, Salmonella spp, Shigella spp

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Damsere-Derry, J., F. Afukaar, W. Agyemeng, and W. Ackaah. "PREVALENCE OF DRUNK DRIVING IN GHANA." Injury Prevention 18, Suppl 1 (October 2012): A168.1—A168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/injuryprev-2012-040590o.1.

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Ido, Eiji, Takashi Suzuki, William K. Ampofo, Irene Ayi, Shoji Yamaoka, Kwadwo A. Koram, and Nobuo Ohta. "Joint Research Project on Infectious Diseases in West-African Subregion." Journal of Disaster Research 9, no. 5 (October 1, 2014): 813–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jdr.2014.p0813.

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A research collaboration project in Ghana has joined the MEXT program supported by the Japanese government since 2008. The Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), the University of Ghana, and Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU) are core parties in the project, and researchers from other institutions also participate temporarily. Two TMDU faculty members are sent to Ghana to manage and implement joint research projects for virology and parasitology, which cover HIV, African trypanosomes, malaria parasites, and vector insects. Along with joint research, mutual exchange activities for young researchers and students have been promoted to develop human resources in tropical infectious disease research. Subjects in our project are all public health concerns both in Ghana and West-Africa and in other parts of the world. Our joint projects have strengthened and promoted global information networks on infectious diseases and the health and welfare of the residents of Ghana and Japan.

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Coleman, Albert. "Road Traffic Accidents in Ghana: A Public Health Concern, and a Call for Action in Ghana, (and the Sub-Region)." Open Journal of Preventive Medicine 04, no. 11 (2014): 822–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ojpm.2014.411092.

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de-Graft Aikins, Ama. "'Colonial virus'? Creative arts and public understanding of COVID-19 in Ghana." Journal of the British Academy 8 (2020): 401–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/jba/008.401.

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In this paper I examine how responses to COVID-19 by Ghana�s creative arts communities shape public understanding of the pandemic. I focus on comedy, music, textile designs, and murals created between March and August 2020, through frameworks of the social psychology of everyday knowledge and arts and health. The art forms perform three functions: health promotion (songs), improving environmental aesthetics (murals), and memorialising (textile designs). Similar to arts-based interventions for HIV and Ebola, Ghanaian artists translate COVID-19 information in ways that connect emotionally, create social awareness, and lay the foundation for public understanding. Artists translate COVID-19 information in ways that connect emotionally, create social awareness, and lay the foundation for public understanding. Some offer socio-political critique, advocating social protection for poor communities, re-presenting collective memories of past health crises and inequitable policy responses, and theorising about the Western origins of COVID and coloniality of anti-African vaccination programmes. I consider the implications for COVID public health communication and interventions.

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Issaka-Tinorgah, A. "Government policy and infant health: options for Ghana." Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 83, no. 1 (January 1989): 27–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0035-9203(89)90693-7.

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Renner, Lorna Awo, and Deborah McGill. "Exploring factors influencing health-seeking decisions and retention in childhood cancer treatment programmes: perspectives of parents in Ghana." Ghana Medical Journal 50, no. 3 (October 12, 2016): 149–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v50i3.6.

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Background: Developing countries such as Ghana have very poor childhood cancer survival rates. There is a need to determine reasons for late presentation and treatment abandonment which are major causes of poor survival. Understanding these issues could inform effective strategies for childhood cancer control in resource-constrained settings.Aim: To explore factors influencing parental decision-making for children with cancer in Ghana with regard to health seeking and retention in treatment, in order to provide information that will guide Public Health interventions for childhood cancer control.Method: This exploratory qualitative study was conducted based on an interpretative epistemology using a social constructionist approach. Purposive sampling of parents attending the Paediatric Oncology Unit, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Accra, Ghana was undertaken. Twelve semi-structured moderate interviews and two small focus group discussions with a total of seven participants were undertaken. Data analysis was through thematic content analysis.Results: Five major themes emerged. Knowledge and perceptions revealed a total lack of appropriate knowledge prior to diagnosis. Health-seeking behaviour was determined by interplay of individual and environmental factors. Orthodox medical treatment was largely perceived favourably. The impact of cancer on parents and children included psychological, physical and socioeconomic effects. Financial, spiritual and psychosocial support helped in coping. Parents recommended public education and health financing to address the major barriers.Conclusion: Broad social determinants and experiences influence parental decision making for children with cancer. This implies Health Promotion strategies with multi-sectorial involvement will be required for effective implementation of the National Strategy for Cancer Control.Funding: Funded by authorsKeywords: Childhood cancer, parent perspectives, Ghana

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Anaba, Emmanuel Anongeba, Adom Manu, Deda Ogum-Alangea, Emefa Judith Modey, Adolphina Addo-Lartey, and Kwasi Torpey. "Young people’s attitudes towards wife-beating: Analysis of the Ghana demographic and health survey 2014." PLOS ONE 16, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): e0245881. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0245881.

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Introduction Intimate Partner Violence is a global public health problem. Attitude towards wife-beating is a major determinant of both intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization. However, little is known about the attitudes of Ghanaian young people towards wife-beating. The objectives of this study were to assess young people’s attitudes towards wife-beating, and identify salient factors influencing young people’s acceptance of wife-beating. Methods Data used in this study were obtained from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey. The survey was nationally representative and provides estimates for population and health indicators across the former ten regions of Ghana, including rural and urban areas. Data were analyzed with Stata/SE version 16. Results We found that 32% of young women and 19% of young men accepted wife-beating. Among young women, acceptance of wife-beating was significantly influenced by younger age, wealth index, low educational status, religion, the region of residence, ethnicity, frequency of reading newspaper and frequency of listening to radio (p < 0.05). Among young men, acceptance of wife-beating was significantly influenced by wealth index, the region of residence and frequency of reading newspaper (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study demonstrates that a substantial proportion of young people in Ghana accept wife-beating. Young women were more likely to accept wife-beating compared to young men. Acceptance of wife-beating was influenced by socio-demographic and behavioral factors. Efforts to end violence against women and girls in Ghana should focus on promoting girl education, economic empowerment of women and public education on laws that prohibit Intimate Partner Violence.

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Kwame, Abukari. "Integrating Traditional Medicine and Healing into the Ghanaian Mainstream Health System: Voices From Within." Qualitative Health Research 31, no. 10 (May 13, 2021): 1847–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/10497323211008849.

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In this study, I employed interpretive ethnographic qualitative design to explore perceptions of and proposals from traditional healers, biomedical practitioners, and health care consumers regarding integrating traditional medicine and healing in Ghana. Data were gathered through focus groups, in-depth individual interviews, and qualitative questionnaires and analyzed thematically. The results revealed positive attitudes toward integrating traditional medicine in Ghana and a discursive discourse of power relations. The power imbalance between biomedical and traditional practitioners regarding what integrative models to adopt is sanctioned by formal education and institutional structure. As a result, multiple approaches for integration were made, including patient co-referrals, collaborations between biomedical and traditional medical practitioners, and creating a unit for traditional medicine and healers at the outpatients’ department for patients to choose either biomedicine or traditional medicine. Incorporating aspects of traditional healing in the training of biomedical practitioners and creating a space for knowledge sharing were also proposed. These integrative models reflected the distinctive interests of healers and biomedical practitioners. Considering these findings, I recommended policy options for consideration toward achieving an integrative health care system in Ghana.

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de Vries, P. J., M. G. J. Koolen, M. M. S. Mulder, and L. M. Kortbeek. "Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis from Ghana." Travel Medicine and Infectious Disease 4, no. 5 (September 2006): 286–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tmaid.2005.10.004.

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Enyimayew, Nana. "Letter from … Volta Region, Ghana." Tropical Doctor 19, no. 2 (April 1989): 95–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/004947558901900217.

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