Journal articles: 'Public multiples'

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Yokoyama, Yoshie. "The New West Japan Twins and Higher Order Multiple Births Registry." Twin Research and Human Genetics 22, no. 6 (October 14, 2019): 602–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.88.

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AbstractThe new West Japan Twins and Higher Order Multiple Births Registry was established by recruiting young twins and multiple births and by referrals from public health centers in the 1990s. The participants included in the survey comprised over 7800 twins and 4241 higher order multiples, and their families. Specifically, the present registry contains one of the largest triplet samples in the world. For these twins and multiples, data on year of delivery, mode of delivery, gestational age, intrapartum complications, longitudinal physical measures, motor milestones, cerebral palsy and feeding methods were obtained from records in the Maternal and Child Health Handbooks and schools. Participating mothers were asked to indicate family structure, parental educational history, maternal sleeping time, maternal health condition, maternal and paternal age at multiple delivery, complications during pregnancy, handedness of multiples and age at menarche of multiples. However, the zygosity differed among the various collaborating public health centers according to factors such as the time of investigation. Follow-up questionnaires have been mailed out every 3–4 years for longitudinal studies. This article describes the goals of this registry, recruitment of multiples and the focus of the study. The goals of this registry are not only to conduct research on human genetics and maternal and child health, but also to contribute to providing appropriate information for families with multiples.

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Brock, Clive D. "Multiples Chemical Sensitivities:." Journal of Agromedicine 1, no. 1 (January 1994): 47–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j096v01n01_05.

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GOELDNER, RICHARD W. "Bridging the Gap Between Public and Private Market Multiples." Business Valuation Review 17, no. 3 (September 1998): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/0882-2875-17.3.95.

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Yokoyama, Yoshie. "The West Japan Twins and Higher Order Multiple Births Registry." Twin Research and Human Genetics 16, no. 1 (October 29, 2012): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2012.82.

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The West Japan Twins and Higher Order Multiple Births Registry was established in the 1990s by recruiting young twins and multiples and through referrals from public health centers. To date, over 7,000 twins and 4,300 higher order multiple births and their families have been registered in the survey, and it includes one of the largest triplet samples in the world. Follow-up questionnaires are also mailed every 2 to 3 years as part of longitudinal survey studies. This article describes the goals of the registry, the recruitment of multiples, and the overall focus of the study. The goals of the registry are not only to provide data for research on human genetics and maternal and child health, but also to provide appropriate information for families with multiples.

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Armstrong, Christopher S., Antonio Davila, George Foster, and John RM Hand. "Market-to-revenue multiples in public and private capital markets." Australian Journal of Management 36, no. 1 (April 2011): 15–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0312896211401682.

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Khan, Muhammad Anees, Aftab Haider, and Nida Aman. "Mediating Impact of Financial Statements Window Dressings in Public Listed Companies Based on Corporate Governance Mechanism and Firm Financial Performance." I V, no. I (March 30, 2020): 266–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/ger.2020(v-i).22.

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This research examined the effects of corporate governance variables (foreign ownership, managerial ownership) on earnings multiples (FFP), and also the ability to earn management to mediate the relationship between corporate governance variables and earnings multiples. In this study, foreign ownership and managerial ownership are independent variables, earnings multiples (developed through PCA method from ROA, ROE and share price) is dependent variable and earnings management is mediating variable. All the relationship between dependent, independent and mediating variables are postulate on renowned agency theory. We estimate the dependent variable, i.e. earnings multiples (developed through PCA method from ROA, ROE and share price) while earning management is measured through modified Jones model, while rest of the data for CG variables are collected from the annual reports of the companies included in the sample. While financial data of earnings multiples and earning, management extracted from DataStream for the corresponding periods.

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McConaughy, Daniel L., and Vicentiu Covrig. "A Method for Adjusting Public Companies' Multiples for Firm-Specific Risk." Business Valuation Review 28, no. 1 (March 2009): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5791/0882-2875-28.1.8.

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Yokoyama, Yoshie, Terumi Oda, Noriyo Nagai, Masako Sugimoto, and Kenji Mizukami. "Child Maltreatment Among Singletons and Multiple Births in Japan: A Population-Based Study." Twin Research and Human Genetics 18, no. 6 (September 14, 2015): 806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2015.67.

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Background: The occurrence of multiple births has been recognized as a risk factor for child maltreatment. However, few population-based studies have examined the relationship between multiple births and child maltreatment. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of risk of child maltreatment among singletons and multiple births in Japan and to identify factors associated with increased risk. Methods: Using population-based data, we analyzed the database of records on child maltreatment and medical checkups for infants aged 1.5 years filed at Nishinomiya City Public Health Center between April 2007 and March 2011. To protect personal information, the data were transferred to anonymized electronic files for analysis. Results: After adjusting by logistic regression for each associated factor and gestation number, multiples themselves were not associated with the risk of child maltreatment. However, compared with singletons, multiples had a significantly higher rate of risk factors for child maltreatment, including low birth weight and neural abnormality. Moreover, compared with mothers of singleton, mothers of twins had a significantly higher rate of poor health, which is a risk factor of child maltreatment. Conclusion: Multiples were not associated with the risk of child maltreatment. However, compared with singletons, multiples and their mothers had a significantly higher rate of risk factors of child maltreatment.

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Urooj, Syeda Faiza, Muhammad Anees Khan, and Muzammal Ilyas Sindhu. "Relationship between Earning Multiples, Corporate Governance and Earnings Management Practices: An Empirical View with a Mediation Analysis." Global Social Sciences Review IV, no. I (March 30, 2019): 387–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/gssr.2019(iv-i).50.

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This paper investigated the effect of corporate governance in improving the earnings multiple and reducing the discretionary accruals. This study developed four econometrics models. Random effect model employed for examining the first three econometric models, while for the fourth econometric model study used Andrew F. Hayes mediation process. Results suggest that BOD size, BOD meetings and audit committee size has a significant positive impact on earnings multiples, while earnings multiples have a negative impact on dictionary accrual. Moreover, BOD size and audit committee size has a significant negative impact on dictionary accrual, whereas BOD meetings and employee ownership has a significant positive impact on dictionary accrual. The results further revealed the novel link that earnings multiples partially mediate the relationship between corporate governance variables and dictionary accrual. The new findings provide important insights for all the stakeholders like government, practitioners, academia, researchers, banks, Bursa Malaysia, security commission and public listed companies.

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Ong, Chui Zi, Rasidah Mohd-Rashid, and Kamarun Nisham Taufil-Mohd. "IPO valuation using the price-multiple methods: evidence from Malaysia." Journal of Financial Reporting and Accounting 19, no. 4 (February 1, 2021): 540–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfra-05-2020-0128.

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Purpose This study aims to investigate the valuation accuracy of Malaysian initial public offerings (IPOs) by using price-multiple methods. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional data including 467 IPOs listed on the Malaysian stock exchange were used for the period of 2000–2017. This study used univariate ordinary least square (OLS) regression to analyse the relationship between IPOs’ price-multiples and comparable firms’ price-multiples. The test of valuation accuracy was conducted via computing valuation errors by segregating the sample into two groups: fixed-price IPOs and book-built IPOs. Furthermore, multiple OLS regression was used to examine the influence of IPO valuation on underpricing. Findings The findings of the results suggested that IPOs price-to-earnings (P/E), price-to-book (P/B) and price-to-sales (P/S) multiples were positively related to the median P/E, P/B and P/S multiples of five comparable firms matched by industry and revenues. The P/S multiple was shown to be the most significant valuation method, specifically in book-built IPOs. The findings indicated that those firms that had a lower valuation in comparison to the comparable firms were inclined to underprice their IPOs to allure investors to subscribe IPOs. In addition, book-built IPOs that had fair valuations were inclined to generate higher initial returns for investors. Practical implications The findings of this study observed implications for underwriters in avoiding the mis-valuation issue by considering the book-building mechanism. Originality/value This study attempted to explore the suitability of the valuation method to value IPOs in Malaysia.

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Wiesmann, Ulrich, André Timm, and Hans-Joachim Hannich. "Multiples Gesundheitsverhalten und Vulnerabilität im Geschlechtervergleich." Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie 11, no. 4 (October 2003): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1026//0943-8149.11.4.153.

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Zusammenfassung. Mit dem neu entwickelten Fragebogen zum Multiplen Gesundheitsverhalten (MGV-39) wurde das Spektrum habituellen gesundheitsbezogenen Verhaltens einer studentischen Stichprobe erfasst. Die erhobenen 39 Verhaltensbereiche wiesen eine gute interne Konsistenz auf, was die Bildung eines Summenscores (MGV) erlaubte. In einer Hauptkomponentenanalyse ließen sich die 39 Verhaltenskategorien auf sechs Dimensionen reduzieren: Aktive Lebensgestaltung, Compliance, Substanzvermeidung, Sicherheitsorientierung, Ernährung und Hygiene. Der MGV-39 erwies sich als sensitiv für Geschlechtsunterschiede; das in der Literatur beschriebene Defizit von Männern in der Compliance, Substanzvermeidung, Sicherheitsorientierung und Hygiene (sowie im MGV) konnte repliziert werden. In einem weiteren Schritt wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen MGV und Vulnerabilität aus einer Geschlechterperspektive beleuchtet. Die Ergebnisse eines additiven hierarchischen Regressionsmodells wiesen auf, dass höheres Alter, weibliches Geschlecht, eine geringe Krankheitsanfälligkeit und eine hohe subjektive Gesundheit mit einem protektiven Verhaltensstil zusammenhingen: Personen schließen aus ihrem habituellen MGV auf ihre gegenwärtige und zukünftige Vulnerabilität. Die Überprüfung der Wechselwirkungen in einer moderierten hierarchischen Regression zeigte, dass das Geschlecht den Zusammenhang zwischen MGV und subjektiver Gesundheit moderierte. Für Männer war der Zusammenhang stärker ausgeprägt als für Frauen.

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Kazlauskaitė, Daina, Jūratė Andriuškevičienė, and Svetlana Rašinskienė. "Pratiquer les intelligences multiples de Howard Gardner dans la classe de langues étrangères." Verbum 2 (February 6, 2011): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/verb.2011.2.4960.

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Annotation : cet article décrit la théorie des intelligences multiples de Howard Gardner et envisage son application dans la classe de langues étrangères. Il présente également l’analyse des résultats d’une enquête sur les intelligences multiples effectuée auprès de 112 étudiants de différentes facultés et de différentes spécialités apprenant une ou plusieurs langues étrangères en option. À l’issue de cette recherche, on a pu constater que les trois intelligences dominantes sont : l’intelligence intra personnelle (31 % des sondés), inter personnelle (27%) et visuelle (21%) ce qui nécessite une variété de méthodes de travail pour répondre aux besoins de nos apprenants. Le but de cet article est de présenter la théorie des intelligences multiples ainsi que de démontrer son importance pour les enseignants et les apprenants des langues étrangères, d’encourager les enseignants à pratiquer des tests sur les intelligences multiples pour mieux connaître son public et atteindre de meilleurs résultats en appliquant les activités appropriées afin de rendre le processus d’apprentissage plus effectif et plus agréable.

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Rodríguez López, Ángel, and Gracia Rubio Martín. "THE MARKETABILITY DISCOUNT IN SPANISH VALUATION MULTIPLES: INVESTORS’ PERCEPTION IN LISTED COMPANIES VERSUS PRIVATE TRANSACTIONS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 20, no. 1 (February 8, 2019): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2019.8101.

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The aim of this paper is to assess the fair marketability discount (MD) in the Spanish market for valuation multiples comparing public versus private transactions. The study finds that to obtain MD it is necessary previously to control by a battery of factors that affects ratios’ prices such as industry, firm size, profitability, risk, year and also other characteristics about the buyer. The interactions of MD with each variable showed different investors’ perceptions about non marketability enterprises explaining MD. The valuation methodology applied in the research was a cross section of 824 public and private acquisitions in the Spanish market from the period 2006−2017. This work represents important evidence, in a more integrated vision than previous literature, for analysts and regulators stressing the necessity to apply MD in Spanish valuation processes based in listed multiples.

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Egeberg, Morten. "L'administration de l'union européenne : niveaux multiples et construction d'un centre." Revue française d'administration publique 133, no. 1 (2010): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/rfap.133.0017.

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Hur, Yoon-Mi. "Changes in Multiple Birth Rates and Parental Demographic Factors in South Korea During the Last Four Decades: 1981–2019." Twin Research and Human Genetics 24, no. 3 (June 2021): 163–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2021.23.

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AbstractOver the previous decades, twinning rates worldwide have increased remarkably. This study aimed to describe changes in multiple birth rates and related demographic characteristics, such as maternal age and the level of education of parents in South Korea from 1981 to 2019. This study analyzed birth data obtained from the Korean Statistical Information Service. From 1981 to 2019, the total twinning rate increased from 5 to 22.5 pairs per 1000 births. This rapid increase was due to an increase in dizygotic twin births, which mainly occurred in mothers aged between 30 and 39 years. The average maternal age of multiples increased from 26.06 years in 1981 to 33.98 years in 2019, suggesting that a delay in childbearing contributed to the increase in the twinning rate. The percentage of mothers of multiples who completed a college or higher degree (CHD) increased by 1000% from 1981 to 2019, indicating that a sharp increase in the level of education of females in part explains the delay in childbearing. The percentages of individuals who completed a CHD were higher among parents of multiples than among those of singletons in recent years when public funding arrangements for fertility treatments were available. This result suggested that completion of higher education may be associated with increased use of assisted reproductive technology (ART) independent of the financial status of couples. Taken together, the analysis suggested that increased maternal age, ART and the increased number of females who completed CHD may be responsible for the remarkable increase in the rates of multiple births in South Korea in the last four decades.

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Rasheed, Abdul, Muhammad Khalid Sohail, Shahab-Ud Din, and Muhammad Ijaz. "How Do Investment Banks Price Initial Public Offerings? An Empirical Analysis of Emerging Market." International Journal of Financial Studies 6, no. 3 (September 5, 2018): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijfs6030077.

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This study investigates that how investment banks select alternative valuation models to price Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) and examine the value-relevance of each valuation model using the data of 88 IPOs listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) during 2000–2016. This study investigates that investment banks used Dividend Discount Model (DDM), Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and comparable multiples valuation models on the basis of firm-specific characteristics, aggregate stock market returns and volatility before the IPOs. In this study, a binary logit regression model is used to estimate the cross-sectional determinants of the choice of valuation models by investment banks. The results reveal that underwriters are more likely to use DDM to value firms that have dividends payout trail. The investment banks select DCF when valuing the younger firms, that have more assets-in-tangible, firms that have negative sales growth and positive market returns before the IPO; while comparable multiples are used for mature firms and firms that have less assets-in-tangible. Furthermore, this study also used OLS regressions to examine the value-relevance of each valuation model and Wald-test to examine the predictive power of cross-sectional variation in the market values. The findings unveil that P/B ratio has highest but DCF has lowest predictive power to market values. The Wald-test results depict that none of the valuation methods produces an unbiased estimate of market values.

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Renisio, Yann, and Rémi Sinthon. "L'analyse des correspondances multiples au service de l'enquête de terrain." Genèses 97, no. 4 (2014): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/gen.097.0109.

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Tassava, Christopher James. "Multiples of Six: The Six Companies and West Coast Industrialization, 1930–1945." Enterprise & Society 4, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 1–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146722270001243x.

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In this article I explore the protean organizational forms used by the Kaiser and Bechtel construction companies between 1930 and 1950. Kaiser and Bechtel prospered during the Depression and World War II because, as members of the Six Companies consortium of construction firms, they refused to adopt a “best practice” model of corporate organization drawn from the diversified manufacturing and distribution sectors. Instead, Kaiser and Bechtel used a variety of organizational forms to win numerous government contracts for public works and defense production, transforming themselves from small regional firms into substantial national and global corporations. I contribute to modern academic debate over the historical forms of business enterprise and the conjunction of state consumption and private production.

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Covrig, Vicentiu, and Daniel L. McConaughy. "Public versus Private Market Participants and the Prices Paid for Private Companies." Journal of Business Valuation and Economic Loss Analysis 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2015): 77–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jbvela-2014-0005.

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AbstractThis study examines the impact of the market participant on prices paid for private companies in the Pratt’s Stats database. We examine approximately 4,200 transactions over the period of 2000–2011 for companies with sales of $1 million or more. We find that public buyers pay more after controlling for the target’s size, industry, age, estimated growth rate, and profitability, as well as the time of the transaction. We also find that smaller companies and C-corporations sell at higher multiples. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that the price paid for a company is related to whether the market participant is private or public. Further, our results provide additional insights to users of the Pratt’s Stats database regarding the characteristics of the transactions in this well-known and often-used database.

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Semmoud, Bouziane. "Appropriations et usages des espaces urbains en Algérie du Nord." Cahiers de géographie du Québec 53, no. 148 (September 30, 2009): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038144ar.

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Résumé À partir de l’exemple algérien, cet article se propose d’analyser et d’interpréter les pratiques d’appropriation et d’usage des espaces urbains, avec un intérêt particulier accordé au mode d’habiter et aux rapports entre espace privé et espace public. Ces pratiques se concrétisent par l’adaptation de l’habitat aux besoins des occupants, par des débordements multiples et variés sur l’espace public et, plus généralement, par le contournement des normes officielles. Elles reflètent à la fois des représentations imprégnées de permanences culturelles et des stratégies résidentielles et économiques visant l’accès au modèle urbain dit universel.

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Chase, Diane Z., and Arlen F. Chase. "Maya Multiples: Individuals, Entries, and Tombs in Structure A34 of Caracol, Belize." Latin American Antiquity 7, no. 1 (March 1996): 61–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3537015.

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It is commonly assumed in both the public and professional perceptions of Maya archaeology that tombs serve as time capsules, each representing a single event, and that burials of single individuals were the normal interment type, at least during the Late Classic period (A.D. 550-800). The investigation of Caracol Structure A34 provides excellent examples of tomb re-entry as well as of multiple-individual interment in sealed contexts, both of which contradict current assumptions. Analyses of the excavations also embody a true conjunctive approach by utilizing stratigraphy, osteology, artifacts, and epigraphy. When the archaeological data from Structure A34 are placed within a broader context, single-event single-individual tombs are shown to be but one manner of interment at Caracol. Although the large number of multiple-individual burials and the possibility of widespread tomb re-entry at Caracol may appear aberrant when compared with general interment practices at other Maya sites, the inferred funerary rites are well within the bounds of worldwide cultural practices relating to death and burial.

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Faisandier, L., V. Bonneterre, D. J. Bicout, and R. de Gaudemaris. "Élaboration d’une méthode statistique pour le suivi des pathologies à expositions professionnelles multiples." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 56, no. 5 (September 2008): 259–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.025.

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Benn, James. "Written in Flames: Self-Immolation in Sixth-Century Sichuan." T'oung Pao 92, no. 4 (2006): 410–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853206779361407.

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AbstractThis article discusses the religious career and self-immolation (which involved public acts of burning the fingers and body) of the sixth-century monk, Sengyai. The author discusses the sources for a study of his life, and translates the extant biographical materials. He demonstrates that self-immolation was a practice open to multiple interpretations, and that Sengyai?s act was understood as one of cosmic significance in a religious milieu in which recent political events such as the fall of the Liang dynasty were interpreted as signs of the decline of the dharma. Cet article s'intéresse à la carrière religieuse d'un moine du vie siècle, Sengyai, et à ses actes publics d'auto-immolation, tels que la crémation, d'abord, de ses doigts, et ensuite de son corps tout entier. L'auteur examine les sources permettant d'étudier sa vie et propose une traduction des matériaux existants. Il montre que la pratique de l'auto-immolation s'offrait à de multiples interprétations, et que les actions de Sengyai étaient conçues comme revêtant une signification cosmique au sein d'un milieu où des événements politiques tels que la chute de la dynastie des Liang étaient vécus comme des signes du déclin du dharma.

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Howlett, Michael. "Analyzing Multi-Actor, Multi-Round Public Policy Decision-Making Processes in Government: Findings from Five Canadian Cases." Canadian Journal of Political Science 40, no. 3 (September 2007): 659–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008423907070746.

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Abstract.This paper begins the analysis of complex multi-actor, multi-round decision-making processes in Canadian public policy formation. After setting out the notion of a decision-making style and its constitutive elements, the paper identifies research into complex multi-actor, multi-round decisions as a serious lacuna in the literature on public policy decision-making, despite the fact that this type of decision-making is very common in public policy-making circumstances. The paper advances research in this area through the analysis of several hypotheses raised in recent European studies concerning the conditions under which such processes are likely to successfully conclude in a decision, rather than an impasse. These hypotheses are tested against evidence taken from five cases of multi-round decision-making in Canada over the period 1995–2005: amendments to the Indian Act, the creation of Species-at-risk legislation, alterations to the Bank Act, the extension of Privacy legislation to the private sector and efforts to develop a Free Trade of the Americas Agreement (FTAA). Data on actor interactions in these five areas gleaned from on-line newspaper and media index services reveals that Canadian results do not match those arrived at in European studies, showing both different patterns of government and non-governmental activity and less volatility in actor behaviour as rounds evolve over time.Résumé.Cet article amorce l'analyse des processus complexes des prises de décisions comportant des acteurs et des séries multiples dans l'élaboration des politiques publiques canadiennes. Après avoir établi la notion d'un style de processus décisionnel et ses éléments constitutifs, l'article avance que le manque de recherche sur les décisions complexes à acteurs et séries multiples est une sérieuse lacune dans la littérature sur le processus décisionnel des politiques publiques, alors que ce type de processus décisionnel est pratique courante dans les situations de prises de décisions en politiques publiques. L'article contribue à la recherche dans ce domaine par l'analyse de plusieurs hypothèses proposées dans de récentes études européennes concernant les conditions dans lesquelles de tels processus ont des chances d'aboutir à une décision, plutôt qu'à une impasse. Ces hypothèses ont été testées dans cinq études de cas de processus décisionnels à séries multiples au Canada entre 1995 et 2005 : les amendements de la Loi sur les Indiens, la création de la législation sur les espèces en péril, les modifications de la Loi sur les banques, l'extension au secteur privé de la législation relative à la protection de la vie privée et la conception de l'accord sur la Zone de libre-échange des Amériques (ZLEA). Les données sur les interactions des acteurs dans ces cinq domaines - données obtenues de services de journaux en ligne et de sommaires médiatiques - révèlent que les résultats canadiens ne correspondent pas à ceux des études européennes : elles montrent à la fois des différences dans les formats d'action gouvernementale et non-gouvernementale et moins d'instabilité dans les comportements des acteurs à mesure que les séries évoluent avec le temps.

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Aegerter, P., and M. A. D’Agostino. "Évaluation de la performance diagnostique dans un contexte longitudinal prospectif et de diagnostics multiples." Revue d'Épidémiologie et de Santé Publique 57 (May 2009): S5—S6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.respe.2009.02.016.

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Cresson, Geneviève. "Les rôles et les tâches multiples de l'entourage des patients." Sciences sociales et santé 32, no. 1 (2014): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sss.321.0065.

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Cresson, Geneviève. "Les rôles et les tâches multiples de l’entourage des patients." Sciences Sociales et Santé 32, no. 1 (March 2014): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1684/sss.2014.0104.

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Lian, Qin, and Qiming Wang. "How Does the Primary Market Value Innovations of Newly Public Firms?" Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance 34, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 3–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0148558x16665964.

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We investigate whether and how the primary market values the innovations of newly public firms at their initial public offerings (IPOs) by examining the link between the size (the number of patents) and the quality (citation count) of their patent portfolios and IPO valuations. We find that the number of patents, the citation count, and innovation efficiency (IE; patents or citations scaled by research and development expenditure) are positively associated with offer price multiples but the effect of the number of patents subsumes that of the citation count/IE. There is no significant effect of patent portfolios on price revisions or first-day returns, suggesting that underwriters/firms price information on innovation quantity and quality in the offer prices and the market makes no further price adjustment on innovation information. The positive effect of innovation quantity on IPO valuation subsumes that of innovation quality. We also demonstrate that the link between patent portfolios and IPO valuations is stronger in the later sample period. Using Tobin’s Q as another IPO valuation measure produces similar results. We obtain no evidence that an IPO’s patent portfolio is overvalued in the primary market, as the number of patents and the citation count are not significantly associated with long-run stock and operating performances.

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Di Fatta, Davide, and Maurice Yolles. "Modelling multiples identity types through agency: Part 3 – mindsets and the Trump election." Kybernetes 47, no. 4 (April 3, 2018): 638–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/k-03-2017-0112.

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Purpose Building on theory in Part 2 of this paper, a relationship is developed between the strategic multiple identities considered there. Personality analytic pathologies arise when these identities are not consistent. This theory is then examined using the mindset agency theory (MAT) developed in Part 2 of the paper. Two classes of MAT models exist: a three-trait (MAT3T) and a five-trait (MAT5T). The former centres on personality traits, while the latter includes traits that are external to the personality. These are then applied to a case study of Donald Trump’s US election campaign. Design/methodology/approach By applying MAT3T and MAT5T to the Trump election campaign, personal and public identities are analysed using content analysis of his narratives. Findings Of the strategic identities, data can be accessed for two, and measured qualitatively using mindset theory, these indicating the likelihood of a personality with pathologies. It is found that Trump MAT3T and MAT5T take different values, suggesting that he has an analytical pathology in his political agency. Originality/value There is not currently any coherent dynamic theory of multiple identities able to provide measures indicative of personality pathologies.

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François, Guillaume, Nathan Henriquet, and Bi Zhong Xu. "Imprimantes tridimensionnelles grand public compatibles avec la dentisterie ?" NEMESIS 13, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 1–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14428/nemesis.v13i1.55193.

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L’objectif de ce travail est de définir les différents critères qu’un dentiste généraliste doit prendre en compte pour s’équiper d’une imprimante tridimensionnelle (3D) à usage dentaire. Nous avons recensé au total 1037 imprimantes 3D produites par 342 entreprises et 211 imprimantes 3D de 88 entreprises pouvant imprimer avec des couches de 25µm. Pour pouvoir les comparer nous avons évalué 16 caractéristiques différentes: 1) famille de procédé d’impression 3D, 2) épaisseur de couche minimale, 3) présence ou non d’étude scientifique de validation de l’épaisseur de couche minimale, 4) résolution XY minimale, 5) type de calibrage, 6) environnement d’impression, 7) présence d’un plateau d’impression chauffant, 8) vitesse d’impression maximale (en mm/s) avec un lien donnant le détail de l’épaisseur de couche utilisée, de la résolution XY utilisée et du matériau utilisé pour déterminer cette vitesse, 9) dimensions de capacité d’impression, 10) capacité d’utiliser des matériaux ne provenant pas de l’entreprise constructrice, 11) capacité d’utiliser des matériaux biocompatibles, 12) poids (en kg) et dimensions de l’imprimante (en cm), 13) systèmes d’exploitation compatibles, 14) types de fichier d’impression 3D compatibles, 15) gestion du service après-vente et durée de la garantie, 16) prix, en indiquant si les taxes sont incluses ou non. Nous avons constaté une grande hétérogénéité des informations présentes et des informations souvent absentes en ce qui concerne : 1) le type de calibrage, 2) la vitesse d’impression, 3) le prix, 4) le service après-vente, 5) la garantie ainsi que 6) les matériaux qui sont pris en compte par l’imprimante 3D. Nous avons décrit des difficultés de communication multiples avec nos interlocuteurs et un développement très dynamique du monde d’impression 3D. Enfin, nous avons proposé des caractéristiques d’une imprimante 3D dentaire « idéale » et d’une entreprise-partenaire « idéale» pour un dentiste désireux de se procurer l’imprimante 3D de son choix.

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Clua, Alvaro. "Urbanidad subterránea: del carrefour à étages multiples a la ‘calle interior’." VLC arquitectura. Research Journal 4, no. 1 (April 26, 2017): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vlc.2017.6963.

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As Manuel de Solà-Morales noted, urbanity relies on the variety and quality of relations between things, materials and human beings. Considered as such, how are we to achieve an underground urbanity? This paper seeks to address this question through a focussed reading of a number of European urban projects from the 20th century; all of which put special care into ensuring the quality of their subterranean passageways. We begin with the carrefour à giration, which was designed by Eugène Hénard in 1906, in order to identify four fundamental attributes of this kind of urbanity: legibility, spatiality, accessibility and activity. We then continue with a qualitative analysis of the 1933 Blå Bodarna passageway designed by Tage William-Olsson and Holger Blom in Slussen (Stockholm). Looking ahead some decades later, the sequence of passages under the Vienna Ring, built during the mayoralty of Franz J. Jonas, provides a good example of how fundamental the connectivity to the underground public transport system was to the success of these spaces. Finally, the article closes with a review of those underground places found in Santiago Calatrava’s Stadelhofen Station and the Stationsplein by Manuel de Solà-Morales: from the carrefour à étages multiples to the ‘inner street’.

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Julien, Charles-Antoine, and France Bouthillier. "Le catalogue réinventé." Documentation et bibliothèques 54, no. 3 (March 19, 2015): 229–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1029200ar.

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Le catalogue en tant qu’outil de recherche offert au public fut conçu pour faciliter le repérage de ressources documentaires spécifiques à l’aide d’informations précises, telles que le titre et le nom de l’auteur. Or, le catalogue est de moins en moins pertinent aux yeux des chercheurs d’aujourd’hui ayant accès à de multiples outils en ligne plus conviviaux et dynamiques. Quelques bibliothèques tentent de regagner la faveur des chercheurs en réinventant le catalogue traditionnel pour qu’il soit plus visuel, interactif et convivial. Cet article décrit une nouvelle génération de catalogues de bibliothèques accessibles au public afin d’aider les institutions qui voudraient s’en inspirer. Il reprend, en l’enrichissant, le contenu d’une présentation faite au récent Colloque conjoint CBPQ/ASTED, tenu en mai 2008 à Montréal.

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Jesuz, Danilo Augusto Ferreira de, and Ana Lúcia Pereira. "Estudo dos múltiplos e divisores por meio de resolução de problemas: um relato de experiência docente." Revista Brasileira de Educação em Ciências e Educação Matemática 2, no. 1 (May 3, 2018): 152. http://dx.doi.org/10.33238/rebecem.2018.v.2.n.1.19418.

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Resumo: O presente artigo relata uma experiência realizada por um dos autores referente ao ensino de múltiplos, divisores, números primos e quadrados perfeitos em uma turma do sétimo ano do ensino fundamental em uma escola pública do município de Siqueira Campos, PR. As tarefas desenvolvidas foram baseadas no modelo de Resolução de Problemas proposto por Polya, em que os alunos são estimulados a participarem ativamente no processo de aprendizagem. A principal lição extraída dessa experiência foi a efetividade desse método em aprimorar o raciocínio lógico e a criatividade entre os alunos, além de aprimorar a capacidade dos mesmos em trabalhar em grupo para resolver problemas mais desafiadores.Palavras-chave: Múltiplos; Divisores; Relato de experiência; Resolução de Problemas. Study of multiples and divisors by using the problem solving approach: report of a teaching experienceAbstract: The present article reports an experience carried out by one of the authors on teaching multiples, divisors, prime numbers and perfect squares to a 7th year class of the fundamental level in a public school in the City of Siqueira Campos, State of Parana, Brazil. The developed activities were based on the Polya’s model of problem solving, in which the pupils are stimulated to participate actively in the learning process. The main lesson drawn from this experience was the effectiveness of this method in fostering the logical reasoning and creativity among the pupils, as well as in fostering their ability to work in group to solve more challenging problems.Keywords: Multiples; Dividers; Exploratory Teaching; Problem Solving.

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Gharipour, Mojgan, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard, Marjan Mansourian, Mohammadreza Sabri, Elham Khosravi, Minoo Dianatkhah, Ladan Sadeghian, Zahra Jabarzare, and Nizal Sarrafzadegan. "Isfahan Twins Registry (ITR): An Invaluable Platform for Epidemiological and Epigenetic Studies: Design and Methodology of ITR." Twin Research and Human Genetics 22, no. 6 (December 2019): 579–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2019.119.

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AbstractTwin studies are one of the main tools for studying the interaction between genes and the environment in the development of complex diseases such as cancers, cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. The Isfahan Twin Registry (ITR) was launched in Isfahan in 2017 as a pilot study to establish a nationwide twin registry in Iran and aims to obtain comprehensive information about complex diseases and their risk factors from twins and multiples living in Isfahan. ITR will continue to recruit twins and multiples until all twins residing in Isfahan are registered in the registry. Twins are identified from welfare agencies, public health homes, maternity hospitals, Persian Twins Association and the local media. Demographic information, twin similarities, lifestyle, family history of diseases and past medical history are collected using validated questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure are measured by health professionals. Hematology panel, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and quantitative C-reactive protein are measured by an automated analyzer. Extra samples are obtained for future studies. For twins aged under 6 years, parents complete the questionnaires for their children and a brief questionnaire for themselves. Currently, 998 persons (395 pairs and 67 multiples) are registered in the ITR and have provided their data. Results of preliminary data analysis are discussed in this article. We plan to carry out longitudinal assessments. ITR can play an important role in future epigenetic, biomarkers and omics studies using the biobank materials.

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Sprecher, Danielle. "Demob Suits: One Uniform for Another? Burtons and the Leeds Multiple Tailors' Production of Men's Demobilization Tailoring after the Second World War." Costume 54, no. 1 (March 2020): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/cost.2020.0145.

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This article focuses on the key role played by the Leeds multiple tailors in the production of tailoring for British servicemen demobilized after the Second World War. The government provided each man demobilized with a full outfit of clothing, including underwear, shoes, hat, coat and tailored wool suit — the latter commonly described as a ‘demob’ suit. The article explores the significance of demob suits and how they were received by the men who had to wear them, highlighting men's concern about what they wore. The public rhetoric around the provision of demob suits will be considered within the context of the government restrictions on clothing of the 1940s and the way the suits were produced. The article argues that men's experience of the made-to-measure system of tailoring by the Leeds multiples influenced many servicemen's expectations about what constituted acceptable tailoring, fashion and standards of dress for their demob suits.

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Gadrey, Jean, Edwige Ghillebaert, Faïz Gallouj, and Delphine Duplaa. "Formes et coûts de la production de cohésion sociale dans les relations de service public : le cas des guichets à la Poste." Lien social et Politiques, no. 40 (October 2, 2002): 75–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/005110ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Les services publics organisés en réseaux nationaux ou locaux contribuent à la cohésion sociale par de multiples voies, dont l'aménagement égalitaire du territoire. Cette production de cohésion passe également par les relations de service en contact direct avec les usagers. Une observation du fonctionnement des services de guichets postaux révèle qu'outre le service normal, efficace, rentable, les agents postaux doivent également assurer un service «hors normes » entraîné par la prise en charge de populations en difficulté. Le coût de cette prise en charge entre en concurrence avec une logique de recherche de profit. La solidarité et la recherche d'équité dans la relation de service ont toutefois un prix.

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Khan, Nadeem, and Nada Korac Kakabadse. "CSR: the co-evolution of grocery multiples in the UK (2005-2010)." Social Responsibility Journal 10, no. 1 (February 25, 2014): 137–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/srj-06-2012-0069.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate if CSR is balanced between firm and wider society interests. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative interpretive hermeneutic approach is used to analyse a variety of publically published secondary sources on the CSR of Tesco, Sainsburys, Morrisons and Co-operative in the UK grocery multiple sector (2005-2010). Findings – CSR strategic outcomes currently favour the firm more than society interests. A multilayered framework in the form of Social Responsibility of the Corporation (SRC) is designed and offered in support of balancing the business-society relationship more evenly. Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to firms originating from within the UK grocery multiple sector. Asda could not be included in the study as it does not publish CSR reports annually in the UK after becoming part of Walmart group. Practical implications – A framework for multi-level standardised definition of CSR in the form of SRC is offered. The inclusion of employees and members of the public on CSR/SRC boards is recommended to foster wider collaboration. The SRC framework promotes standardisation at global level while respecting diversity and firm heterogeneity at firm level. The findings may further contribute to GRI; UN Global Compact; WEF dialogues. Social implications – Recommendations are made to extend CSR board diversity for improved dialogue with communities. The SRC framework may be applied at global; national; industry and firm level. The framework can be applied internationally or locally. Future studies may offer quantitative attributes for balancing CSR/SRC. Originality/value – A globally unique and universally applicable framework for evaluating CSR activities is proposed. Future studies may extend the authors' framework to other industries, national environments or globally in the pursuit of balance between firm and society. Furthermore, firms may also adopt the framework to support CSR activities.

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Segal, Nancy L. "Twin Classics: Research That Always Inspires/Twin Studies: Elder Twin Relationships; Superfecundated Twinning in Chimpanzees; Conjoined Twinning and Embryo Transfer; Reduced Frequency of In Vitro Multiples/Professional and Human Interest: First Identical Twin Renal Transplant; Identical Triplet Wedding; Spanakos Twins: Boxers; Twins in Space; Political Twins." Twin Research and Human Genetics 18, no. 4 (July 7, 2015): 478–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2015.37.

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Ten classic works in twin research are described. These volumes are rich in data, interpretation, and impact, and contain life history material that adds depth and dimension to the quantitative findings. Next, research on social relationships in older twins, superfecundated twinning in chimpanzees; effects of embryo transfer on conjoined twinning and the reduced frequency of in vitro multiples is reviewed. Finally, there has been considerable public interest surrounding the first identical twin renal transplant, an identical triplet wedding; identical twin boxers, a twin living in space, and a politically active twin pair.

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Goran, Michael I. "Estimating energy requirements: regression based prediction equations or multiples of resting metabolic rate." Public Health Nutrition 8, no. 7a (October 2005): 1184–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005803.

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AbstractEnergy requirements have traditionally been determined based on multiples of resting metabolic rate (RMR), known as Physical Activity Levels (PAL). With more data from doubly labelled water studies alternative approaches for estimating energy requirements have been suggested. Statistical analysis reveals that body weight explains more of the variance in total energy expenditure (TEE) than does RMR. The explanation for this phenomenon is that body weight contributes to the variance of both RMR and the other major determinant of TEE, i.e. physical activity related energy expenditure. Thus, in effect, the regression-based approach provides a more physiological appropriate model for TEE. Its major departure from tradition, difference from current adult proposals, and time taken for acceptance are the disadvantages of the regression-based approach.

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Belout, Adnane, Shimon L. Dolan, and Constantina Gregoriades. "L'efficacité des directions des ressources humaines selon I'approche des consti-tuantes multiples: une étude comparée des secteurs public et privé canadiens." Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences / Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration 14, no. 4 (April 8, 2009): 405–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1936-4490.1997.tb00146.x.

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SHIMKO, Oleg V. "EBITDA and DACF multipliers as an indicator of investment attractiveness of domestic vertically integrated companies." Economic Analysis: Theory and Practice 20, no. 4 (April 29, 2021): 718–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/ea.20.4.718.

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Subject. The article addresses the EV/EBITDA and EV/DACF ratios of the twenty five largest public oil and gas corporations from 2008 to 2018. Objectives. The purpose is to identify key trends in the value of EV/EBITDA and EV/DACF ratios of biggest public oil and gas corporations, determine factors resulted in the changes over the studied period, and establish the applicability of these multipliers for assessing the business value within the industry. Methods. I apply methods of comparative and financial-economic analysis, and generalization of consolidated financial statements data. Results. The study revealed that EV/EBITDA and EV/DACF multiples are acceptable for valuing oil and gas companies. The EV level depends on profitability, proved reserves, and a country factor. It is required to adjust EBITDA for information on impairment, revaluation and write-off for assets that are reported separately from depreciation, depletion and amortization costs, as well as for income or expenses arising after the sale of fixed assets and as a result of effective court decisions or settlement agreements. It is advisable to adjust DACF for income, expenses and changes in assets and liabilities, which are caused by events that are unusual for oil and gas companies. Conclusions. The application of EV/EBITDA and EV/DACF multiples requires a detailed analysis and, if necessary, adjustments of their constituent components. However, they are quite relevant in the context of declining profitability and growing debt burden in the stock exchange sector of the global oil and gas industry.

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Régimbeau, Gérard. "Collections d’images et questions posées à l’iconologie." Documentation et bibliothèques 57, no. 1 (February 25, 2015): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1028964ar.

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De problématiques cruciales liées à l’élaboration d’une mémoire historique aux enjeux moins investis socialement — du moins en apparence — d’une recherche de poster décoratif, les collections d’images suscitent de multiples intérêts et attentes pour devenir un objet majeur de réflexion autant pour les établissements et services qui les conservent et les diffusent que pour les historiens analystes ou le citoyen usager. En observant la mise en ligne de collections d’images, on peut relever certains traits singularisant des pratiques du Web qui construisent une forme de scène énonciative toujours utile à décrypter pour comprendre les caractéristiques de l’information et de la communication attachées à la mise en visibilité du document et à l’offre documentaire. Sous la forme traditionnelle référée au modèle d’une collection de bibliothèque ou sous la forme de sites utilisant les possibilités de la coopération et de l’indexation sociale, ou encore quand l’image joue du paradoxe privé-public dans le cas des blogs individuels, les usages et réceptions actuels des images ne peuvent qu’interroger une iconologie soucieuse d’étudier non seulement leurs contenus mais aussi, au travers des exemples multiples de mises en relation, la pratique même de la collection.

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Johnson, Tim, and Dalton Conley. "Civilian public sector employment as a long-run outcome of military conscription." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 43 (October 8, 2019): 21456–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908983116.

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Since at least T. H. Marshall, scholars have recognized military service as a form of sacrifice that warrants compensation from the state. War-widow pensions, expansion of the franchise, and subsidized higher education are all examples of rights and benefits “bestowed” in return for wartime mobilization. Similarly, in the United States, governments have hired veterans preferentially for civilian public jobs as recompense for active military service. Although oft overlooked, those policies seem influential: the percentage of job holders identifying as veterans in the civilian US executive branch exceeds the proportion in the wider population by several multiples. This century-old pattern suggests another way that wartime mobilization has influenced the state. Yet, efforts to understand it have struggled to rule out the possibility that those who serve in the armed forces are predisposed to work for the state in both military and civilian capacities. Here, we rule out this possibility by examining whether birthdates randomly called for induction in the Vietnam-Era Selective Service Lotteries (VSSL) appear disproportionately in the population of nonsensitive personnel records of the civilian US executive branch. We find that birthdates called for induction appear with unusually high frequency among employees who were draft eligible and at risk for induction but not among other employees. This finding suggests a treatment effect from military service, thus dovetailing with the hypothesis that wartime mobilization has substantially and continually influenced who works in the contemporary administrative state.

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Ribeill, Georges. "Gestion et organisation du travail dans les compagnies de chemins de fer, des origines a 1860." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 42, no. 5 (October 1987): 999–1029. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1987.283434.

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L'importance de l'avènement des chemins de fer dans l'économie française est bien connue : son rôle décisif pour promouvoir ou susciter de multiples innovations depuis les questions de mobilisation financière jusqu'à celles de la politique de l'Etat en matière de service public, depuis ses effets sur les industries amont (du rail au combustible) ou les marchés aval des productions agricoles et industrielles, jusqu'à des effets structurants de géographie humaine, ont été plus ou moins fouillés. En particulier, depuis longtemps, de nombreux travaux ont été consacrés aux débats et tournants successifs de la politique publique des chemins de fer.

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Gras, Michel. "Donner du sens a l'Objet. archéologie, technologie culturelle et anthropologic." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 55, no. 3 (June 2000): 601–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.2000.279866.

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RésuméLes regards sur l'objet sont multiples mais il y a entre eux un décalage qui tend à s'accroître. Et le « grand public » reçoit des messages qui ne correspondent souvent plus aux questionnements scientifiques actuels. De fortes marges de progression existent sur le plan scientifique : revisiter les objets peut permettre l'acquisition de savoirs nouveaux à condition de ne pas se contenter des traditionnelles lectures typologiques ou esthétiques. Les archéologues ont accumulé depuis des décennies de très nombreuses données qui n'ont que rarement été exploitées par eux ou par les historiens et les anthropologues. Il est temps de leur donner du sens.

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Demol, Jean-Noël. "De nouveaux rapports aux savoirs, aux pratiques socioprofessionnelles : le DUEPS de l’Université de Tours (France)." Les pratiques sociales d’ailleurs 8, no. 1 (January 22, 2008): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/301314ar.

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Résumé Après avoir évoqué l'origine et l'évolution de la formation DUEPS (Diplôme universitaire d'études de la pratique sociale), l'auteur présente le public concerné : adultes ayant des engagements socioprofessionnels. Il met en évidence la progression et la dynamique de formation développées durant les trois ans du cycle. L'auteur souligne ainsi les particularités de la formation. Enfin, à partir de l'analyse de contenu de 214 enquêtes remplies par des titulaires du DUEPS, il montre en quoi « l'effet formation » présente une dimension plus globale que ponctuelle, s'adresse transversalement à de multiples pratiques sociales, quelle que soit la profession exercée par les titulaires.

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Greene, Daniel. "Valuations in Corporate Takeovers and Financial Constraints on Private Targets." Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis 52, no. 4 (August 2017): 1343–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022109017000527.

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I examine acquisitions of private firms by public acquirers to better understand the effects of financial constraints on the division of economic gains in takeovers. Empirical tests exploit interstate bank branching deregulation, which relaxes financial constraints on private firms and can strengthen their bargaining position in an acquisition. Using a proxy for the degree to which targets depend on acquirers for financing, I find that private targets depend less on acquirers as a result of interstate bank branching deregulation. Relaxing financial constraints on private targets leads to an increase in target valuation multiples and a decrease in acquirer wealth gains.

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Arseneault, Céline. "La bibliothèque du Jardin botanique de Montréal." Documentation et bibliothèques 35, no. 4 (January 27, 2015): 163–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1028187ar.

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La bibliothèque du Jardin botanique de Montréal possède des collections intéressantes en botanique, horticulture, aménagement paysager et écologie végétale. La bibliothèque a été restructurée et présente une image dynamique en fonction des multiples services qu’elle offre à ses usagers internes. Elle est ouverte au public pour consultation. Les volumes et brochures sont classés selon une classification spécifique décimale. Un répertoire spécialisé de vedettes-matière sert à l’indexation des monographies et au dépouillement des périodiques. Le processus d’informatisation des catalogues manuels a été entrepris. La médiathèque et la salle de lecture du pavillon japonais sont des centres documentaires satellites.

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Hamid, Aicha, Maryse Guay, and Jacques Lemaire. "Impact des injections multiples sur l’observance du calendrier de vaccination et opinions des parents en Montérégie." Canadian Journal of Public Health 101, no. 1 (January 2010): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03405555.

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Marquis, Dominique. "Un nouveau combat pour l’Église : la presse catholique d’information (1907-1940)." Articles 68 (December 13, 2011): 73–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006737ar.

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En 1907, Mgr Bégin de Québec encourage la fondation d’un quotidien qui, tout en informant la population, respecterait les enseignements de l’Église. L’Action catholique est donc née de cette volonté. Au cours des 30 premières années de son existence, son contenu s’est ajusté aux exigences du public lecteur, mais l’Église s’est toujours montrée intransigeante quant à la publicité présente dans le journal. Afin de contrer la faiblesse des revenus publicitaires, conséquence des restrictions imposées, l’Église est intervenue de multiples façons pour soutenir le journal. Cet article s’intéresse aux différentes ressources, matérielles et humaines, dont dispose L’Action catholique pour remplir le mandat que lui a confié l’Église.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Public multiples'

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