Relevant bibliographies by topics / Public sector banks

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Public sector banks'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 11 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Public sector banks"

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V. Prabakaran, V. Prabakaran, and D. Lakshmi Prabha. "Performance Of Share Price Of Indian Public Sector Banks And Private Sector Banks - Comparative Study." Indian Journal of Applied Research 1, no. 5 (October 1, 2011): 157–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2012/58.

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Pande, Jeewan Chandra, and Dr Sudhinder Singh Chowhan. "Financial Services’ Analysis of Public Sector Banks: Value Addition to Allahabad Bank." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 3 (January 15, 2012): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/mar2014/66.

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I. Irulappan, I. Irulappan, and Dr A. Venkatachalam Dr. A. Venkatachalam. "Service Quality in Private Sector and Public Sector Banks in Udumalpet." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 3, no. 7 (January 1, 2012): 1–2. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/july2014/16.

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Devi, J. Rama, and Dr B. Ramachandra Reddy. "Measures to Curb Npas in Public Sector Banks." International Journal of Scientific Research 3, no. 4 (June 1, 2012): 76–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/apr2014/29.

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Chauhan, Unnatti. "Relative Study of Public Sector Banks with Private Sector and Foreign Banks." Journal of Research: THE BEDE ATHENAEUM 5, no. 1 (2014): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0976-1748.2014.00008.3.

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Kaur, Priyadeep, and Dr Monica Bedi. "A STUDY OF NON-PERFORMING ASSETS AND PROFITABILITY IN INDIAN BANKING SECTOR." YMER Digital 21, no. 03 (March 30, 2022): 406–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37896/ymer21.03/43.

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Banking sector is one of the most important sectors of Indian Economy. Banking sector can be grouped into Public banks, private sector banks and foreign sector banks. Nowadays all the banks are facing the problem of Non-performing assets either it be the case of public banks or private sector banks. Non-performing assets are those assets where the lender of the money loses the money due to non-payment of principal amount or Interest amount by the borrower. This research paper analyses the problem of NPAs of selected Public and Private sector banks by evaluating the impact of profitability on Non-performing assets. Using secondary data, the study also compares the Gross NPAs of Public banks in priority and nonpriority sector for a period of five years from 2013-2017.The results of the study concluded that Gross NPAs negatively affects the profitability.
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Dr. R. K. Patel, Dr R. K. Patel. "Non-Performing Assets in Public Sector Banks: An Investigation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 9 (October 1, 2011): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/sept2013/165.

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Dr. R. K. Patel, Dr R. K. Patel. "Non-Performing Assets in Public Sector Banks: An Investigation." Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, no. 9 (October 1, 2011): 12–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/sept2013/31.

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Nayan J., Nayan J., and Dr M. Kumaraswamy Dr. M. Kumaraswamy. "Retail Credit Risk Management in Indian Public Sector Banks." Global Journal For Research Analysis 3, no. 8 (June 15, 2012): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778160/august2014/10.

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Bishnoi, Tulchha Ram, and Sofia Devi Sh. "Economies of Scale in Public Sector Banks." Indian Economic Journal 65, no. 1-4 (March 2017): 119–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0019466217727883.

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The present study attempts to analyse the cost analysis of the banking industry with special focus on optimum size of a bank. It studies the cost structure, economies/diseconomies as well as the optimum size of public sector banks for the period 1991–1992 to 2013–2014. Economies of scale relating to 26 public sector banks are worked out for selected years. The large banks operated at a scale, reaping economies in all the years, the exception being the year 2004–2005 achieving position of the minimum AC—. For the small banks, there are economies of scale in all the selected years. Both the banks groups did not show diseconomies with respect to total cost, even though there were diseconomies associated with other individual cost items. The minimum efficient size (MES) was attained by all the public sector banks in each of the years selected. JEL codes: D24, D210, D220, D240, D240, D250
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Public sector banks"

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Gorn, Jason A. "German Banks in the Global Economy: Global Pressures and Public Sector Banking." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2008. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/9.

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German banking is distinguished from neighboring European banking systems by the influence of its public sector banks. Nearly 50 percent of German banking is carried out by government owned state banks (ländesbanken) and regional savings banks (sparkassen) whose roots date from the 18 th century. German banks play a particularly important role in the economy and exert more control over firms and corporations than do their American counterparts. German banks tend to be less profitable than foreign counterparts. German public banks were originally founded to foster local and regional business. However, the operations of German public sector banks now extend into all forms of international investment. German public banks are currently seeking new business models to increase profits as they are being forced to compete in the global financial market under liberal market practices dictated by the European Union. Turbulence in the global financial market precipitated by the U.S. sub‐prime mortgage meltdown has severely impacted German public sector banks, precipitating a banking crisis that leaves German taxpayers exposed to staggering losses. These global financial pressures dictate the restructuring of the German financial system. This restructuring has forced a breaking point in the traditional German corporatist banking model and is associated with significant risks to the stability of the German banking system.
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Garach, Jatin Bijay. "The Firm-Specific Determinants of Capital Structure in Public Sector and Private Sector Banks in India." Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/11427/31673.

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The banking industry in India has undergone many phases in its history; evolving from a regulated, decentralised system in the early 1800’s, to a regulated, centralised system during British rule, to a nationalised system following India’s independence, and finally a combination of a nationalised and private system adopting global standards as it currently stands. This study has two main aims. Firstly, it will assess the relationship between the firm-specific determinants of capital structure, based on the prevailing literature, and the capital structure of public and private sector banks in India. Secondly, it will determine whether there is a difference in the firm-specific factors that contribute to the determination of the capital structure of public sector banks and private sector banks. This study adopts quantitative methods, similar to previous studies on the relationship between capital structure and its firm-specific determinants. The dependent variable, being total leverage, is regressed against multiple independent variables, being profitability, growth, firm size and credit risk (hereinafter referred to as “risk” unless otherwise indicated) in a multivariate linear regression model. This study adds to the current literature by applying the same firm-specific independent variables to the case of private and public sector banks and then to evaluate and compare the similarities and differences between the regression outputs. The results show that for private sector banks, all independent variables are statistically significant in explaining total leverage, where all the independent variables conform to the current literature on capital structure – profitability (-), firm size (-), growth (+) and credit risk (-). Conversely, for public sector banks, all independent variables were considered to be statistically significant, except for credit risk – profitability (-), firm size (+) and growth (+). These results imply that credit risk is not an important determination in a nationalised banks’ capital structure; thus, providing evidence for the moral hazard theory of public sector banks.
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Kim, Song Whan. "The rise in public sector banking : the Japanese banks in Korea, 1878-1938." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307198.

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Aggarwal, Laira. "What do we know about the recent performance of Indian banks?" Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2215.

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This paper examines the performance of Indian banks by studying the effects of recent reforms and macroeconomic events. Indian banks went through a period of reforms in the past twenty years. The impact of these reforms and major macroeconomic events has been examined using time-series analysis. Event studies offer additional perspective on the short-run effect of the events on different types of Indian banks. Although, the event dates are not all statistically significant in the time-series regressions, the demonetization of 2016 is significant in the event study analysis. Thus, while reforms and events have immediate impact on the performance of Indian banks, the effects did not always persist over the larger time-period.
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Usman, Muhammad. "The Effect of Ownership on Organizational Performance : A Case Study of Banking Sector in Pakistan." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för management, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-1153.

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Aims: The main aims of this research are to provide more empirical evidences for theory of property rights and public choice theory and to test these theories in a new environment i.e. banking sector of Pakistan. This research compares performance of public and private banks in Pakistan on the basis of four performance measures, profitability, liquidity, solvency and efficiency. It also studies the effect of politics on public banks. Method: Mainly quantitative approach is utilized in this thesis to compare performance of public and private banks in Pakistan in terms of profitability, liquidity, solvency and efficiency. Ratio analysis is used for this purpose. Qualitative analysis is based on qualitative study of empirical findings of quantitative analysis with respect to elections and observing lending behavior of public and private banks along with study of net interest margin during election years. Major Findings: The theory of property rights and public choice literature support private ownership for superior performance as compared to public ownership. From empirical findings, very weak support is found for both theories. Out of twelve ratios used in ratio analysis, ten ratios support public ownership for superior performance as compared to private ownership and only two ratios quote that private ownership is superior in performance than public ownership. From empirical findings it can be concluded that performance of public banks is superior to private banks in Pakistan in terms of profitability, liquidity, solvency and efficiency. Similarly, out of twelve ratios, only six ratios provided evidence of effect of elections on performance of public ownership which is a weak support for public choice theory. Moreover, lending behavior of public and private banks along with study of net interest margin has totally ruled out the presence of political influence on public banks. It can be concluded from these empirical findings that either political influence on public banks is minimized or political influence is affecting both sectors of banks in Pakistan. As banking sector in Pakistan is highly competitive now due to introduction of financial reforms in Pakistan, it can be concluded that theory of property rights and public choice theory do not work well in competitive markets especially Pakistan. It can also be concluded from empirical findings that privatization is not the only solution to poor performance of public ownership. The introduction of competition can substantially improve performance of public ownership.
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Campbell, Kirsten L. "A study of home ranges, movements, diet and habitat use of kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) in the southeastern sector of Banks Peninsula, New Zealand." Master's thesis, Lincoln University. Bio-Protection and Ecology Division, 2006. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20080317.131118/.

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The present study is part of the Kaupapa Kereru Programme. The main aim of the programme is to increase the numbers and range of kereru (Hemiphaga novaeseelandiae) on Banks Peninsula. Home ranges, movements, diet and habitat use of 15 kereru captured in Hinewai Reserve, Banks Peninsula, were investigated from February 2005 to February 2006. Hinewai Reserve is the largest tract of regenerating native forest in a highly modified urban-rural landscape. Phenology of 11 plant species predicted to be key kereru foods, was studied to determine the pattern of food availability in Hinewai Reserve. Twelve radio-tagged kereru resided in the Hinewai Reserve study site (Otanerito Valley and Sleepy Bay) and three resided in Akaroa. Ripe fruit was available from January to August; the height of the fruiting season was in autumn. The bulk of new leaf growth occurred in spring and early summer although new leaves were available on broom and tree lucerne year round. Peak flowering occurred in spring. Kereru in Akaroa ate a total of 21 plant species; six of these species were native and 15 introduced. Kereru in the Hinewai Reserve study site ate a total of 26 plant species; 20 of these species were native and six introduced. Fruit was preferred when readily available. Native fruit appeared to be preferred over fruit of introduced species in Akaroa, where both types were available. New foliage of introduced legumes and deciduous species appeared to be preferred over new foliage of native species at both sites during winter and spring. These species were important food sources prior to the breeding season and may be selected specifically for their nitrogen and protein content. Food is currently not a limiting factor for kereru survival or reproductive success. Considerable variation in the use and preference of vegetation types of individual kereru made it difficult to identify trends in habitat selection. Use and preference for many vegetation types was seasonal; this was certainly because of the availability of food species included in or close to these vegetation types. Overall, native vegetation communities were used more than communities dominated by introduced species and forest communities were used more than non-forest communities. Kanuka (Kunzea ericoides) was used most often for non-feeding activities and 67% of observed nests were built in kanuka. Annual home ranges and core areas in the Hinewai Reserve study site (mean of 15.9 and 2 ha respectively) were significantly larger than those found in Lyttelton Harbour, Banks Peninsula in previous research (mean of 8 and 0.08 ha respectively). Home ranges were larger when fruit was eaten, than when no fruit was eaten indicating that kereru are more sedentary when feeding on foliage. Kereru from the Hinewai Reserve study site made no excursions >5 km and no daily movements >2 km. Kereru from Akaroa and Sleepy Bay travelled into Otanerito Valley to feed on horopito in autumn, indicating that there may have been a lack of fruit in their local areas during autumn. No kereru in Otanerito Valley travelled outside of the valley. The distribution of high quality food sources is likely to have caused the observed differences in home range and core area size between localities. Kereru in Lyttelton Harbour may have been restricted to small patches of high quality resources in a study area consisting largely of unsuitable habitat. In Hinewai Reserve, high quality resources were spread over larger areas and were more uniformly distributed. The density of kereru was unknown at both study sites, and this confounded assessment of habitat quality. However, it is likely that the Hinewai Reserve study site would support a higher number of kereru. The main factor limiting population growth in the present study was failure of nests at the egg and chick stage. The fledge rate was 17%. Two of fifteen adult kereru died. Control of predators should be the first aspect of management that is focused on, and will almost certainly increase reproductive success of kereru and loss of breeding adults. As the population of kereru on Banks Peninsula increases due to predator control in existing kereru habitat, food may become a limiting factor. Habitat can be improved for kereru by planting a diverse range of plant species that provide food year-round. Native fruiting species are greatly recommended for habitat enhancement and should be selected so that fruit is available for as much of the year as possible. Native and introduced legumes should also be made available as foods for winter and spring. As most land on Banks Peninsula is privately owned, co-operation and enthusiasm of the community is critical for successful management. Information and support needs to be given to landowners wishing to enhance their properties for kereru.
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JÃnior, Rosendo Fernandes da Silva. "There was change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Markets Brazilians after the year 2000? A Competitive Analysis for the year 2010, considering all public banks (scenario # 1), and considering only CAIXA as the only Public Bank (scenario 2). Following, antitrust analysis in Sector Brazilian Banking: fusion simulation application from Bank of Brazil and CAIXA." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2014. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=16228.

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Em 2008, o mundo se deparou com uma crise econÃmica que abalou as pilastras e confiabilidade no setor bancÃrio mundial. Os bancos se estruturam em um processo defensivo de proteÃÃo de seus ativos. No Brasil, O Governo Federal estimulou os bancos pÃblicos a prover crÃdito no mercado, buscado suavizar os efeitos de fuga de investimento e repatriaÃÃo de cash na recomposiÃÃo dos ativos. A pergunta chave desse artigo Ã: houve alteraÃÃo na Competitividade de Bancos PÃblicos e Privados em Mercados Locais Brasileiros apÃs o ano 2000? Mais de uma dÃcada se passou e refizemos essa verificaÃÃo para dados de 2010, seguindo Bresnahan e Reiss (1991a), e comparamos com o trabalho de Coelho, Pinho e Rezende (2011). Dada a alta concentraÃÃo no setor bancÃrio, como se comportaria uma simulaÃÃo de fusÃo entre os dois maiores bancos pÃblicos brasileiros? Esse trabalho se divide em 03 (trÃs) artigos. No artigo n 1, verificamos se houve mudanÃa na competitividade em bancos pÃblicos e privados para a dÃcada de 2010. Constatamos mudanÃas significativas, com alteraÃÃo da qualificaÃÃo do custo e do processo de estruturaÃÃo da margem preÃo-custo que nos faz inferir numa mudanÃa na composiÃÃo e de estratÃgias dos bancos pÃblicos e privados em uma nova visÃo competitiva do setor. Os bancos pÃblicos nÃo afetam o comportamento dos bancos privados em mercados locais, mas a exigÃncia de tamanho de mercado para a inserÃÃo de um novo concorrente foi reduzida pela alteraÃÃo da estrutura dos custos e influÃncias de efeitos regionais. E se considerÃssemos o mercado com apenas um banco pÃblico? No artigo n 2, refizemos a anÃlise, considerando a CAIXA como o Ãnico banco pÃblico, e encontramos resultados semelhantes a nossa anÃlise revisional de 2010, a notar mais Ãnfase nos efeitos regionais, tanto na reduÃÃo dos custos pra a regiÃo Norte como na alteraÃÃo negativa nos deslocadores de demanda para as regiÃes Sudeste, Sul e Centro-Oeste, bem como influÃncia praticamente nula do Ãnico banco pÃblico â CAIXA na reduÃÃo dos lucros dos bancos privados. No artigo n 3, apresentamos uma anÃlise de simulaÃÃo de fusÃo no setor bancÃrio brasileiro. O objetivo central foi capturar os efeitos da fusÃo entre o Banco do Brasil e a CAIXA em 12 (doze) segmentos/portifÃlios mais significativos do mercado. Os resultados do equilÃbrio pÃs-fusÃo foram obtidos pelo modelo PCAIDS (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposto por Epstein e Rubinfeld (2002), que simula a fusÃo de 02 (duas) empresas em um mercado oligopolizado. Os Resultados do exercÃcio de simulaÃÃo confirmaram os aumentos esperados nos âpreÃosâ dos segmentos. Este resultado à condizente com a expectativa de que as fusÃes implicam em aumentos de preÃos de mercado e, sem ganhos de eficiÃncia econÃmica, podem impor perdas para os consumidores.
In 2008, the world faced an economic crisis that shook the pillars and reliability in the global banking sector. Banks are structured in a defensive process of its asset protection. In Brazil, the federal government encouraged public banks to provide credit in the market, sought to soften the investment leakage effects and cash repatriation in the restructuring of assets. The key question that is: was no change in Competitiveness Public and Private Banks in Local Brazilian markets after 2000? More than a decade has passed and redid this check to 2010 data, following Bresnahan and Reiss (1991a), and compared with Coelho's work, Pinho and Rezende (2011). Given the high concentration in the banking sector, would behave as a simulation of a merger between the two largest Brazilian public banks? This work is divided into 03 (three) articles. In Article 1, we check to see if there was a change in competitiveness in public and private banks for the decade to 2010. We found significant changes, by changing the qualification of the cost and price-cost margin of the structuring process that makes us infer a change in the composition and strategies of public and private banks in a new competitive view of the sector. Public banks will affect the behavior of private banks in local markets, but the market size requirement for the inclusion of a new competitor was reduced by changing the cost structure and influences of regional effects. And if we consider the market with only a public bank? In Article 2, redid the analysis, considering CAIXA as the only state-owned bank, and found similar results to our revisional analysis 2010, noted more emphasis on regional effects, both in reducing costs to the North as in the negative change in demand shifters for the Southeast, South and Midwest, and virtually no influence of the only public bank - CAIXA in reducing the profits of private banks. In Article 3, we present a fusion of simulation analysis in the Brazilian banking sector. The main objective was to capture the effects of the merger between Banco do Brazil and CAIXA in 12 (twelve) segments most significant portfolio in the market. The results of the post-merger balance were obtained by PCAIDS model (Proportionality-Calibrated Almost Ideal Demand System), proposed by Epstein and Rubinfeld (2002), which simulates the merger of 02 (two) companies in an oligopoly market. The results of the simulation exercise confirmed the expected increases in "price" of the segments. This result is consistent with the expectation that mergers entail market price increases and without economic efficiency gains, impose losses to consumers.
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Hegazy, Ahmed Elsayed Galal. "Service brand equity in developing economies : the case of Egyptian banking sector." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21543.

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The brand equity concept is one of the most significant concepts for branding and marketing and its model and measurement have interested many academics and practitioners. Most of the research on brand equity has focused on physical goods, with a dearth of studies on the service sector in general and particularly in the banking sector. The dearth of research in this area appears paradox as branding could be argued to play a distinctive role particularly in the service sector. This is because strong brands increase consumers' trust of the imperceptible purchase and reduce their perceived monetary, social, or safety risk in buying services, which are difficult to evaluate prior to purchase and for which it sometimes takes a long time after purchase to confirm the brand promise. Consequently, many scholars have called for an investigation of brand equity in the service sector. In addition, most of the research on brand equity has focused on developed countries which would suggest a regional focus on developing countries. To sum up, despite the importance of brand equity in the service sector, there is lack of empirical evidence in the service sector in general and specifically in the banking sector, particularly for developing economies. Furthermore, there is lack of studies that examined and compared service brand equity across bank type (local public, local private and foreign banks) to provide a benchmark especially for foreign banks. Contributing to scholarly attempts to fill the gaps in the brand equity literature. this thesis examines consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) in the Egyptian banking sector in general and based on each bank type: public, private and foreign. In addition, the study aims to find out the similarities and differences on brand equity based on bank type. The regional context of the study is Egypt As the largest Arab country and the entry point for the Middle East and Africa Egypt appeared to be of high practical relevance and be a suitable regional research context. Unlike previous researches, a mixed method approach was employed to achieve the research aims. Qualitative data was used to triangulate the quantitative data and gaining a richer understanding of the quantitative findings. Four hundred and sixty-eight self-administered questionnaires were collected by offline and online modes, and 14 semi-structured face-to-face interviews provided details about how consumers perceived consumer-based brand equity in Egyptian banking. Data was analysed using SPSS19. Different types of statistical applications were used, such as descriptive analysis, factor analysis and multiple regressions. Content analysis using NVivo10 software was used to analyse the interview data. The main findings reveal that CBBE is applicable in the Egyptian banking sector. The results show that brand awareness, reliable staff, brand association and brand loyalty are the most effective variables on overall value of brand equity in the Egyptian banking sector, while within public banks, reliable staff, brand association and brand loyalty have the most influence on the overall value of brand equity. However, private and foreign banks share the same variables which affect the overall value of brand equity; these variables are brand awareness, brand loyalty and brand personality. The findings reveal that there is a significant difference between public banks and private and foreign banks; however, there is no significant difference between private and foreign banks. The qualitative findings support and add meaning to the quantitative results. The current research contributes to knowledge in the field of service brand equity research and extend our understanding in developing economics and adding to the debate on the area of brand equity. Furthermore, it contributes methodologically by using mixed methods and mixed modes (offline and online). In addition, the study overcomes the limitations of previous studies in three ways. Firstly, different types of brand association were incorporated and real consumers were approached rather than relying on students’ samples. Secondly, perceived quality was measured using the SERVPERF scale, providing a more comprehensive quality measure than many studies. Thirdly, the data were collected from Egypt, which as a developing country establishes an underresearched regional context. Therefore, as is the case in many developing countries, there were many challenges involved in the data collection process. Based on the results, the study provides a number of pratical contributions: It offers a manageable scale ‘‘tool kit'' for managers in the banking sector, regardless of type of bank, to create, maintain and improve their brand equity. It also provides guidelines that public, private and foreign banks could use to compare their performance with competitors. The study emphasizes the importance of building and developing brand awearness for private and foreign banks. As the service encounter is the “moment of truth” and is one of the most important determinants of brand equity, public banks should place more emphasis on their internal branding as well as on external consumers. Top management should invest in cultivating their brand values to their employees, particularly front-line employees, as they will deliver them to consumers through the service encounter. Another interesting finding with practical relevance was that although the majority of banks in Egypt has online banking services, most of the study respondents did not use them, therefore they might be well advised to collaborate with the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) to organise a campaign to cultivate trust in the country’s online banking infrastructure and promote the advantages of using it. Online banking could be one of the solutions to overcrowding and long queues in public banks and improve the quality of the service provided which will lead to consumers’ satisfaction and increase the level of brand equity. Most consumers of public banks perceived their banks as the only secure banks guaranteed by the Egyptian government. Similarly to promoting the use of online banking, there is a need to develop a better public awareness of the role of the CBE in supervising all banks in Egypt regardless of their type. This will ensure fair and equal opportunities for all banks, which will foster real competition and hence is argued to affect the quality of the service provided. Despite the research achieved its planned objectives, as any social research, it has certain constraints and limitations. These limitations could offer opportunities for future research to address. Firstly, due the lack of detailed information about the study population, this research used a convenience sample of induvadul commercial bank consumers in the Greater Cairo. Future research could employ probability sampling if possible. Moreover, future studies could cover more cities in Egypt, not only the Greater Cairo area (even though the focus on this area has been discussed and justified in the thesis). Secondly, although the importance of CBBE has been analysed mainly from a consumer perspective it might be useful to examine service brand equity from the points of view of employees (managers and front-line) in banks in order to gain a better and comprehensive understanding from both perspectives. Thirdly, while this study examined and compared CBBE in diffrent bank types (public, private and foreign) in Egypt. It is suggested that a comparison could be made based on the top bank in each types, as this could give more specific recommendations for these banks. Fourthly, due to limitations of time and funds, future reseach could examine and compare CBBE in different services sectors and in different countries. Fifthly, this study focused on commercial banks in Egypt in general without distinguish between Islamic and conventional banks. Therefore, future research could carefully distinguish between Islamic and conventional banks and compare CBBE across them to gain a better understanding of the differences and similarities. Sixthly, it could be worth comparing the CBBE of foreign banks when they operate overseas (e.g., Barclays Bank and HSBC).
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Camargo, Patrícia Olga [UNESP]. "A evolução recente do setor bancário no Brasil." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90033.

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O setor bancário brasileiro sempre possuiu características muito específicas em relação aos bancos instalados em outros países. Na segunda metade da década de 1990, com a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros no país, iniciou-se um processo de reestruturação bancária, que acarretou em importantes mudanças na estrutura e nos padrões de concorrência do setor. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar a evolução e forma de atuação dos maiores bancos após esse processo de reestruturação, considerando o tipo de controle, se público, privado nacional ou privado estrangeiro.
The Brazilian banking sector always had very specific characteristics compared to banks located in other countries. In the second half of the 1990s, the entry of foreign banks in the country started a bank restructuring process, which resulted in important structural and pattern changes to competition in the sector. This dissertation aims to verify the progress and way of action of the major banks after this restructuring process, considering the type of control, whether public, domestic private or foreign private.
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Camargo, Patrícia Olga. "A evolução recente do setor bancário no Brasil /." Araraquara : [s.n.], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/90033.

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Orientador: Eduardo Strachman
Banca: Enéas Gonçalves de Carvalho
Banca: Carlos Eduardo Ferreira de Carvalho
Resumo: O setor bancário brasileiro sempre possuiu características muito específicas em relação aos bancos instalados em outros países. Na segunda metade da década de 1990, com a entrada dos bancos estrangeiros no país, iniciou-se um processo de reestruturação bancária, que acarretou em importantes mudanças na estrutura e nos padrões de concorrência do setor. Esta dissertação tem como objetivo verificar a evolução e forma de atuação dos maiores bancos após esse processo de reestruturação, considerando o tipo de controle, se público, privado nacional ou privado estrangeiro.
Abstract: The Brazilian banking sector always had very specific characteristics compared to banks located in other countries. In the second half of the 1990s, the entry of foreign banks in the country started a bank restructuring process, which resulted in important structural and pattern changes to competition in the sector. This dissertation aims to verify the progress and way of action of the major banks after this restructuring process, considering the type of control, whether public, domestic private or foreign private.
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Books on the topic "Public sector banks"

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Murty, P. V. Ramana. Cost and profitability of public sector banks. New Delhi: Mohit Publications, 1996.

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Townroe, P. M. Regional development agencies as public sector industrial investment banks. Norwich: School of Economic and Social Studies, University of East Anglia, 1986.

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Rahman, Sarker Md Maksudur. Credit management of commercial banks: A comparative study of public and private sector banks. Dhaka: Bureau of Business Research, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka, 1996.

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Indian Institute of Banking & Finance., ed. Management of non-performing advances: A study with reference to public sector banks. Mumbai: Indian Institute of Banking & Finance, 2004.

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Schulze, David L. Domestic financial institutions in Singapore: Public sector competition. Singapore: Centre for Advanced Studies, National University of Singapore, 1990.

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Chopra, Kiran. Managing profits, profitability & productivity in public sector banking. Jalandhar: ABS Publications, 1987.

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Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad., ed. Productivity and efficieny at public and private sector banks in India. Ahmedabad: Indian Institute of Management, 2003.

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García-Andrade, Jorge. National central banks and community public sector procurement legislation: A critical overview. Frankfurt am Main, Germany: European Central Bank, 2006.

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Associates, Ekos Research, and Task Force on the Future of the Canadian Financial Services Sector., eds. Public opinion research relating to the financial services sector. Ottawa: The Task Force on the Future of the Canadian Financial Services Sector, 1998.

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The Nigerian banking sector reforms: Power and politics. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2011.

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Book chapters on the topic "Public sector banks"

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Reis, Nadine. "Between development and banking: the KfW Development Bank in Latin America's water sector." In Public Banks, Public Water, 138–64. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003344292-8.

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Schips, Bernd. "Public sector banks — Importance and restructuring." In Contributions to Economics, 214–18. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-57674-4_19.

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Alexander, Helen. "Sustainable Microfinance Banks — IMI as a Public-Private Partnership in Practice." In EU Accession — Financial Sector Opportunities and Challenges for Southeast Europe, 289–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-26963-0_25.

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Acharya, Viral, and Krishnamurthy V. Subramanian. "State Intervention in Banking: The Relative Health of Indian Public Sector and Private Sector Banks." In Monetary Policy in India, 195–230. New Delhi: Springer India, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2840-0_7.

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Nandi, Anita, Madhabendra Sinha, Abhijit Dutta, and Partha Pratim Sengupta. "An Analysis of Total Risk Management in Performances of Public Sector Banks in India." In Smart Intelligent Computing and Applications, 67–73. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-9282-5_7.

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Nandi, Anita, and Abhijit Dutta. "Susceptibility of Changes in Public Sector Banks with Special Emphasis on Some Newly Merged Banks: Focus on Cash Flow Risk." In Information and Communication Technology for Competitive Strategies (ICTCS 2020), 907–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0882-7_82.

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Chandani, Arti, Rajiv Divekar, B. Neeraja, Mita Mehta, and Rizwana Atiq. "A Study to Analyze Use of Social Media by Private and Public Sector Banks in India." In Achieving $5 Trillion Economy of India, 135–52. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7818-9_8.

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Balasubramanian, Savitha. "A Review of the Pre-merger Performance of Select Public Sector Banks in India Using Key Performance Indicators." In Pandemic, New Normal and Implications on Business, 73–86. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4892-3_5.

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Gupta, Ajay. "A Qualitative Study of Management Practices & Influence on Middle Managers’ Morale in Public Sector Banks Using ATLAS.ti." In Computer Supported Qualitative Research, 18–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31346-2_2.

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Josefsson, Mats. "The Public Sector Recapitalization Program in Turkey." In Bank Restructuring and Resolution, 369–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230289147_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Public sector banks"

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Ionaşcu, Alina, Corina Aurora Barbu, and Alexandra Popa. "Ethics in the Banking Sector." In 3rd International Conference Global Ethics -Key of Sustainability (GEKoS). Lumen Publishing House, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gekos2022/11.

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Ethics or rather its lack in finances it is a very popular topic nowadays. Banks have an important role in the economy and must have a certain behaviour towards the society, therefore must follow the moral norms. Each banker has his set of values, which form the basis for judging what is "right". All the commercial banks have their own set of rules inspired by organizational culture and management, rules that follow the Banking Code of Ethics. During their activity, banks will seek to ensure a balance between the interests of customers, shareholders, investors and stakeholders. The paper discloses the main trends and issues of banking ethics and the customers` experiences with the Romanian banks. Financial inclusion and ethical sustainability regarding the banking system is an important subject for researchers and bankers. Moreover, the lack of clear ethical norms regarding the manner of communicating the interests and commissions from the contract are affecting the customer relationship with the bank. The study aims to increase the attention paid to customer interests in relation with the banks and also the public confidence in the financial banking field, by standardizing the norms of integration and applied ethics of the country. An immoral behaviour destroys the trust, and without trust, businesses cannot grow. The purpose of the paper is to illustrate and correct the main dysfunctions in the banking sector regarding the ethical behaviour, how banks can adapt to the requirements of the society, how the Banking Code of Ethics can be improved. Confidence in the banking environment expresses the presumption of continued economic activity.
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Aseinov, Dastan. "Factors Affecting Cost Efficiency in the Banking Sector of Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01907.

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Instabilities in the banking sector have had an adverse effect on the economy as a whole, since the largest share in the financial system and financial intermediation in Kyrgyzstan have been captured by banking sector. Economic efficiency in banking can be viewed as a source of financial stability of banking system. Economic efficiency of the banking is more important challenge not only for shareholders and managers of banks, and also for regulation and supervision authorities, and public and potential investors. The aim of this study is to examine factors affecting the banking cost efficiency for Kyrgyz banks. It is also important to choose the appropriate approach in measurement of banking cost efficiency, since there are many different methods. In this study preferred stochastic frontier approach which assumes random error term which captures sampling, measurement and specification errors. We adopted stochastic cost frontier model proposed by Battese ve Coelli (1995) which also allow to examine investigate the impact of variables on efficiency. We used unbalanced panel data set captured 17-23 Kyrgyz commercial banks for period of 2000-2013. Obtained results suggest that capitalization, foreign ownership, credit risk, liquidity risk and currency risk have most influence on cost efficiency scores of banks calculated averagely at level of 0,766. Overall results indicate that domestic banks more cost efficient than domestic private and foreign banks. Average cost efficiency scores of domestic banks, foreign and separately public banks are 0,848; 0,649 and 0,875, respectively.
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Chandani, Arti, Akhilesh Singh Rathore, Rajiv Divekar, and Mita Mehta. "A Working Paper On Use of Social Media By Selected Indian Public Sector Banks." In 2018 IEEE Punecon. IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/punecon.2018.8745314.

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Singh, Chandrashekhar, Richa Goel, Ramesh Chandra Rath, Guru Gobind Singh, and Sukanta Kumar Baral. "Application of Digital Technology on Public Sector Banks: Special Reference to Mutual Fund Investment." In 2021 9th International Conference on Reliability, Infocom Technologies and Optimization (Trends and Future Directions) (ICRITO). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icrito51393.2021.9596257.

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P., Selvarajan. "The need for ICT induced Organizational Transformation among the Public Sector Banks in Sri Lanka." In Annual International Academic Conference on Business Intelligence and Data Warehousing. Global Science and Technology Forum, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/978-981-08-6308-1_d-014.

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Dadhich, Manish, Manvinder Singh Pahwa, Shubham Goswami, and Shalendra Singh Rao. "Analytical Study of Financial Wellbeing of Selected Public and Private Sector Banks: A CAMEL Approach." In 2021 Emerging Trends in Industry 4.0 (ETI 4.0). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eti4.051663.2021.9619424.

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Kılıç, Süleyman Bilgin, Kenan Lopcu, and Semin Paksoy. "Artificial Neural Network Models to Build an Early Warning System for Turkish Commercial Banks before and after the 2001 Financial Crisis." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00963.

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The objective of this paper is to measure the failure risk of Turkish commercial banks. Bank failures bring to bear high costs on economies as well as on governments and eventually on the public and the taxpayers. During the past two decades, many developed and developing economies have experienced large scale bank failures, and estimates for average bank restructuring costs range from 6% to 10% of the Gross Domestic Product. In Turkey the amount of restructuring costs is approximately 30% of the Gross Domestic Product. In this study, we use 29 selected financial ratios of banks across 1996-2012 periods and the Artificial Neural Network Models to build an early warning system. If commercial bank failure were a predictable event, bank restructuring costs could be minimized. Additionally, if early warning systems are used effectively, the regulatory actions necessary to prevent banks from failing could be taken in advance or in the least a more orderly process of bank closures could be administered. The results overall indicate that almost all commercial banks currently operating in the Turkish banking sector are quite sound and far from failure.
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Patidar, Neha, and Anshuman Sen. "A study of Cyber-defense strategies adopted by major Public and Private sector Banks of India." In 2022 International Conference on Decision Aid Sciences and Applications (DASA). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/dasa54658.2022.9765304.

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Paul, Bénédique, Ahmad H. Juma'h, and Florys Dorante. "Entrepreneurs’ Perception of Banks’ Social Responsibility : A Haitian Case Study." In Sessions du CREGED à la 30e Conférence Annuelle de Haitian Studies Association. Editions Pédagie Nouvelle & Université Quisqueya, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54226/uniq.ecodev.18793_c4.

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Banks are the pillars of entrepreneurship expansion and economic development. In developing countries, where there is little public financial support for entrepreneurs, it is clear that banks, among other financial institutions, should be part of the solution to the problem of financing economic activity. As financial intermediaries, commercial banks need to enjoy good perception among entrepreneurs to improve their profitability. To achieve such objective, banks sometimes adopt social responsibility strategies to influence public perception of banks’ behavior. How do Haitian entrepreneurs perceive Haitian banks’ social responsibility? To answer this question, we collect empirical data among entrepreneurs of all size (micro, small and large). The findings help interesting discussions of banks perception among entrepreneurs divided by demographic (gender, location) and economic (sector, size, assets) characteristics. Among the main conclusions, we find that banks enjoy very bad perception among entrepreneurs (all size). Also, the special concessions given by the Government and other international institutions to the banking industry in Haiti help very few to increase the financial services for Haitian entrepreneurs. From our conclusion arise questions for future research to study the relations between entrepreneurs’ own practices of corporate social responsibility and their perception of banks social responsibility.
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Najimudinova, Seyil. "Content Analyses on Mission Statements of the Commercial Banks in Kyrgyzstan." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c08.01835.

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The concept of mission is still popular both in academic environment and business practices. Mission statements have been accepted as an important part of the strategic management process for organizations of all types; be it public sector, not-for-profit, private, for profit, a multinational or a SME. This paper aims to study the content of mission statements of Top10 commercial banks in Kyrgyzstan. The main objective of this study is to identify whether the mission statements of commercial banks contain components suggested Pierce and David (1987) and Bart and Tabone (1999). Data was based on content analysis of the mission statements and other related statements found on commercial banks’ web sites. Another secondary data on general profile of commercial banks are obtained from their web-sites and other open to public resources. The results show all (11) numbers of components are not incorporated in the mission statements of commercial banks totally. According to obtained data it was done Top 3 rating of commercial banks according to their mission statements. The level of popularity of mission statement components displays the following: products or services, geographic location, statement of purpose and customers are the most of frequent occurrence components. Components like concern for public image, concern for growth and profit, and philosophy are less popular mission components. In the future this study can throw fresh light on researches on other industries and to make relationship between good mission statements and the performance of commercial banks.
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Reports on the topic "Public sector banks"

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Avellán, Leopoldo, Arturo Galindo, Giulia Lotti, and Juan Pablo Rodríguez Bonilla. Research Insights: What Can Multilateral Development Banks Do to Reduce Infrastructure Gaps in Emerging Economies? Inter-American Development Bank, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004820.

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Through their loans, Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) are key resource mobilizers. MDB lending to a sector in a country significantly increases inflows from other sources up to two years later. The resources mobilized are more than four times the size of MDB financing. They come from both the public and the private sector, and the mobilization that takes place is cross-border as well as national.
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Keefer, Philip, and Carlos Scartascini, eds. Trust: The Key to Social Cohesion and Growth in Latin America and the Caribbean (Executive Summary). Inter-American Development Bank, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003911.

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Trust is the most pressing and yet least discussed problem confronting Latin America and the Caribbean. Whether in others, in government, or in firms, trust is lower in the region than anywhere else in the world. The economic and political consequences of mistrust ripple through society. It suppresses growth and innovation: investment, entrepreneurship, and employment all flourish when firms and government, workers and employers, banks and borrowers, and consumers and producers trust each other. Trust inside private and public sector organizations is essential for collaboration and innovation. Mistrust distorts democratic decision-making. It keeps citizens from demanding better public services and infrastructure, from joining with others to control corruption, and from making the collective sacrifices that leave everyone better off. The good news is that governments can increase citizen trust with clearer promises of what citizens can expect from them, public sector reforms that enable them to keep their promises, and institutional reforms that strengthen the commitments that citizens make to each other. This book guides decision-makers as they incorporate trust and social cohesion into the comprehensive reforms needed to address the region's most pernicious challenges.
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Crossan, Mary, Gerard Seijts, Jeffrey Gandz, and Carol Stephenson. Leadership on Trial : A Manifesto for Leadership Development. Richard Ivey School of Business, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/iveypub.44.2010.

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Recent books and articles have analyzed the causes of the global financial and economic crisis of 2007-09. Yet little attention has been paid to the quality of leadership in organizations that were at the epicentre of the storm, were victims of it, avoided it or even prospered from it. In the summer of 2009 a multi-disciplinary group of Ivey faculty decided to look at the leadership dimensions of the recent financial and economic crisis. We started by writing a working paper that laid out our preliminary views. We then engaged more than 300 business, public sector and not-for-profit leaders in small and large groups, as individuals and collectives, to get their reaction to this paper and, more generally, to discuss te role that organizational leadership played before, during and after the crisis. We examined leadership not just in the financial sector but also in many other public and private sector organizations that were affected by the crisis. In a sense, we were putting leadership on trial. Our aim in doing this was not to identify and assign blame. Rather, we examined leadership during this critical period in recent history to learn what we could, and use the learning to improve practice in leadership today and the development of next generation leaders. As we analyzed the role of leadership in this crisis we were faced with one major question: "Would better leadership have made a difference?" Our answer is unequivocal: "Yes!" We recognize that many people could argue it is unfair to criticize leaders whose decisions were based on their knowledge of the situation at the time and which only eventually, with the aid of 20/20 hindsight proved bad. We respect this view but we disagree with it. Some business and public sector leaders predicted better than others the bursting of the housing bubble and financial markets turmoil, positioned their organizations to avoid problems, and coped with them skillfully. Their organizations were not badly damaged by the crisis and some even prospered. Some governments and regulatory agencies' control and monitoring systems were superior to those in the U.S., the U.K., Ireland, Spain, Iceland and other countries that had to bail out their banks and other industries. Our evidence supports the conclusion that these companies, these agencies, these governments and these countries had better leadership. Good leadership mattered then and good leadership will matter in the future. We are presenting our conclusions about what good leadership involves in the form of a public statement of principles - a manifesto that addresses what good leaders do, who they are, and how they can be developed in organizations.
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Shiwakoti, Dinesh, and Devayan Dey. The Hybrid Annuity Model for Public−Private Partnerships in India’s Road Sector: Lessons for Developing Asia. Asian Development Bank, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220344-2.

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This paper explores how the Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has been applied in public-private partnerships for road sector infrastructure investments in India. The Hybrid Annuity Model (HAM) has significant potential to enable developing members of the Asian Development Bank to boost investments in public infrastructure through public-private partnerships. The paper identifies the key drivers and innovative features of HAM. The innovative features include financial risk sharing between the government and private sector, amenable qualification criteria to sustain the supply and demand base beyond large companies, high project readiness requirements, and flexibility elements to promote innovation. The paper makes suggestions for enhancing the adoption of HAM in other sectors and countries.
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Alonso, María, Eduardo Gutiérrez, Eduardo Moral-Benito, Diana Posada, and Patrocinio Tello-Casas. Un repaso de las diversas iniciativas desplegadas a nivel nacional e internacional para hacer frente a los riesgos de exclusión financiera. Madrid: Banco de España, March 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/29772.

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Las dificultades en el acceso a los servicios bancarios por parte de determinados grupos de población, especialmente aquellos residentes en zonas rurales y/o de edad avanzada, suponen una fuente de vulnerabilidad ante el riesgo de exclusión financiera de dichos colectivos. Este trabajo ofrece un resumen de las actuaciones desplegadas al objeto de mitigar dichos riesgos en los diferentes países europeos, con especial énfasis en el caso español. Si bien estas iniciativas son de naturaleza diversa y dependen de factores idiosincráticos de cada país, una revisión sistemática de las mismas permite extraer las siguientes conclusiones principales desde una perspectiva comparada. Desde el ámbito de la iniciativa privada, cabe destacar el despliegue en varios países europeos de redes de puntos de acceso al efectivo compartidas por diferentes entidades bancarias, si bien su implantación es, por el momento, relativamente menor en el caso español. Respecto a las iniciativas de colaboración público-privada, tanto en España como en el resto de países europeos, destaca la utilización de los acuerdos entre las entidades bancarias y las empresas de correos, que cuentan con una gran capilaridad en su red de oficinas. Desde el ámbito público, las actuaciones más comúnmente utilizadas se refieren a ayudas para instalar cajeros automáticos en zonas rurales. Por su parte, la regulación de los niveles mínimos de provisión de puntos de acceso al efectivo mediante la acción legislativa solo está vigente en el caso de Suecia, donde el uso de efectivo es tan minoritario que su potencial desaparición supone una amenaza sobre la viabilidad de la infraestructura de efectivo. Difficulties in accessing banking services by certain population groups, in particular those living in rural areas and/or the elderly, are a source of potential vulnerability with regard to the risk of financial exclusion of these cohorts. This paper summarises the actions deployed, by public and private institutions, in order to mitigate these risks in European countries, with special emphasis on Spain. Although these initiatives are diverse in nature and depend on idiosyncratic factors in each country, a systematic review allows the following conclusions to be drawn from a comparative perspective. First, it is worth noting the deployment in several European countries of networks of cash access points shared by different banks, although their implementation is, for the time being, relatively lower in Spain. Second, regarding public-private collaboration initiatives, both in Spain and in other European countries, the use of agreements between banks and post offices, which have well-distributed networks of offices, stands out. Third, the most common public sector initiatives consist of aid for the instalment of ATMs in rural areas. However, legislation regulating minimum provision of cash access points is only in force in Sweden, where the use of cash is so low that its potential disappearance poses a threat to the viability of cash infrastructure.
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Price, Roz. Taxation and Public Financial Management of Mining Revenue in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.144.

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This rapid review provides a summary of the evidence on the taxation and public financial management of mining revenues in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). This is a very complex topic, with a large and growing literature base, a huge interest by donors, non-governmental organisations and businesses, with some conflicting information at times. In particular, specific data on provincial budgets and spending was not identified during this review. No specific information on public financial management in either of these provinces was identified during the course of this review. Given the burgeoning size of the literature base and the complexity of the mining sector in the DRC, this rapid review only provides a snapshot of the literature. It draws on academic, grey and donor literature sources. Some papers for further reading are highlighted. The report first provides a brief background discussion of general taxation in the DRC, the decentralisation process, and provincial public revenue management. The next section provides general information on the mining sector in the DRC, including the regulatory system and official duties, royalties and tax provisions. Section 4 goes into more detail about taxation and rent-seeking in the mining sector, touching on both large-scale mining (LSM) and artisanal and small-scale mining (ASM). The next section looks at smuggling of minerals in the DRC, with a focus on gold. Finally, some specific lessons learned were drawn from two World Bank projects and highlighted in the final section. Lessons and experiences from other mining-related projects are also highlighted throughout the report. Literature in French was not included in this rapid review, which may mean that some key documents were omitted.
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Laubshtein, Yanir. Protecting Water and Sanitation Infrastructure from Cyberthreats: A Cybersecurity Study for Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004876.

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The water and sanitation sector is essential for livelihoods and has therefore been recognized by most countries as critical infrastructure. While the growing trend of automation and digitalization of water sector infrastructures improves efficiencies and helps reduce operating costs, it also exposes the sectors facilities and operations to ever-increasing cyber risks. The number and variety of cyberthreats and malicious actors is rapidly increasing: from nation-state actors seeking to cause political and social chaos as well as disrupt economies, cybercriminals looking for profit, and hacktivists driven by ideological or personal agendas to individuals attempting to get a break on their bills. This document is the first of its kind published by the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) to examine cyber threats in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) water and sanitation sector. The report reviews water sector technologies and explains the cyberthreats facing water infrastructure technology. It assesses LAC's water sector cybersecurity readiness using written material and interviews with key representatives of public sector institutions and other water utilities in LAC. Finally, it presents a series of recommendations for public and private sector actors.
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Bouillon, César P., Maria Fernanda Rodrigo, Michelle Infanzón, Henry Dyer, and Sumiko Andrade Sakaguchi. Approach Paper: IDB Support to Strengthen Public Sector Transparency and Integrity in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003248.

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As part of its 2020-2021 work program, the Office of Evaluation and Oversight (OVE) will conduct an evaluation of the Inter-American Development Bank efforts to strengthen public sector transparency and integrity (T&I) in Latin America and the Caribbean since 2010. The evaluation aims at takings stock of IDB activities in the area of Transparency and Integrity between 2010 and 2019 and at extracting insights from the implementation of these activities. The evaluation will also provide insights for country dialogue and the prioritization and design of future IDB activities and operations to support public sector transparency and integrity in the region.
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Leather, James, and Noel Chavez. COVID-19 and Transport in Asia and the Pacific: Guidance Note. Asian Development Bank, January 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/tim200398.

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The unprecedented impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has caused enormous changes to the transport landscape in developing Asia and the Pacific region. This guidance note documents how COVID-19 has affected and is continuing to affect transport operators and users across the region, from personal mobility choices to public transport, to the aviation industry, among many other facets. Insights are also shared on how the transport sector can help deliver greener and more resilient infrastructure as countries around the world plan for recovery and rejuvenation in the post-pandemic future. It is one of a series produced by the Asian Development Bank for key sectors and thematic areas.
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Megersa, Kelbesa. World Bank’s Financial Intermediary Funds. Institute of Development Studies, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.156.

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Financial Intermediary Funds (FIFs) are a type of trust fund that provide large-scale funding for broad, coordinated interventions that are typically focused on specific themes (see section 5) and aimed at achieving Global Public Goods (GPGs). FIFs provide the global development community with multilateral platforms that are independently governed (see section 3) and support multiple implementing entities. FIFs add unique value and strength to the development finance toolkit – especially when there is a global call for collective action for a GPG requiring large-scale additional pooled funds; closely coordinated decision-making; joint implementation at scale across a significant number of multilateral organisations, when no existing instrument can fulfil these functions (World Bank, 2019a).
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