Academic literature on the topic 'Public spaces – great britain'
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Journal articles on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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Shirey, Heather. "Engaging Black European Spaces and Postcolonial Dialogues through Public Art: Yinka Shonibare’s Nelson’s Ship in a Bottle." Open Cultural Studies 3, no. 1 (2019): 362–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2019-0031.
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Abstract Yinka Shonibare’s Nelson’s Ship in a Bottle, installed on the Fourth Plinth of London’s Trafalgar Square from May 24, 2010, to January 30, 2012, temporarily transformed a space dominated by the 19th-century monumental sculpture of Lord Horatio Nelson, Britain’s most famous naval hero. When installed in Trafalgar Square, Shonibare’s model ship in a bottle, with its sails made of factory-printed textiles associated with West African and African-European identities, contrasted dramatically with the bronze and stone that otherwise demarcate traditional sculpture. Shonibare’s sculpture served to activate public space by way of its references to global identities and African diasporic culture. Shonibare’s Nelson’s Ship, this paper argues, inserted a black diasporic perspective into Trafalgar Square, offering a conspicuous challenge to the normative power that defines social and political space in Great Britain. The installation in Trafalgar Square was only temporary, however, and the work was later moved to the National Maritime Museum in Greenwich, where it is on permanent display. This paper provides an investigation of the deeper historical references Shonibare made to the emergence of transnational identities in the 19th century and the continued negotiation of these identities today by considering the installation of Nelson’s Ship in a Bottle in relation to both sites.
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Tereshchuk, Vitaliy. "INTERNATIONAL BROADCASTING OF GREAT BRITAIN IN A GEOPOLITICAL CONTEXT." Integrated communications 18, no. 2 (2024): 60–67. https://doi.org/10.28925/2524-2644.2024.187.
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The article analyses the role of international broadcasting as a foreign policy tool in Great Britain and its transformation in the context of geopolitical changes. The relevance of this vector of research is based on the fact that for all the years of its existence, British foreign broadcasting has played a significant role both in the global media landscape and in the media spaces of most macro-regions of the world — European, Arab, African, etc. In addition, the formation of an image of the British National Broadcaster (BBC) as the benchmark of high standards of journalistic practice is undeniable. The purpose of the article is to reveal the role of the international broadcasting of Great Britain as a foreign policy tool and the features of the transformation of its goals and objectives under the influence of geopolitical imperatives. In order to achieve this goal, the tasks of identifying the stages of formation and development of the British foreign broadcasting system and finding out the influence of the geopolitical context on the transformation of the goals and target audiences of this broadcasting were implemented. It was revealed that the BBC World Service in different periods of its existence practised different models of broadcasting, realizing their inherent goals — colonial broadcasting (maintaining the unity of the British Empire), counter-propaganda in the interwar period and the period of the Second World War (countering informational influence alienation of Nazi Germany and the USSR), propaganda during the Second World War (formation of favourable public opinion regarding the activities of the anti-Hitler coalition) and the Cold War (anti-communist propaganda), in the times of the bipolar and post-bipolar world — positioning itself as a "surrogate" media that provides truthful news in countries where access to independent sources of information is limited by political regimes. As for the target audience, after a short period of purely colonial broadcasting, the objects of which were only British expatriates, the BBC’s international broadcasting has expanded to the indigenous population of the British colonies, as well as to the population of other countries.
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Walsh, Lael E., Bethan R. Mead, Charlotte A. Hardman, et al. "Potential of urban green spaces for supporting horticultural production: a national scale analysis." Environmental Research Letters 17, no. 1 (2022): 014052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ac4730.
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Abstract As urban areas and land-use constraints grow, there is increasing interest in utilizing urban spaces for food production. Several studies have uncovered significant potential for urban growing to supplement production of fruit and vegetables, focusing on one or two cities as case studies, whilst others have assessed the global scale potential. Here, we provide a national-scale analysis of the horticultural production potential of urban green spaces, which is a relevant scale for agri-food and urban development policy making using Great Britain (GB) as a case study. Urban green spaces available for horticultural production across GB are identified and potential yields quantified based on three production options. The distribution of urban green spaces within 26 urban towns and cities across GB are then examined to understand the productive potential compared to their total extent and populations. Urban green spaces in GB, at their upper limit, have the capacity to support production that is 8× greater than current domestic production of fruit and vegetables. This amounts to 38% of current domestic production and imports combined, or >400% if exotic fruits and vegetables less suited to GB growing conditions are excluded. Most urban green spaces nationally are found to fall within a small number of categories, with private residential gardens and amenity spaces making up the majority of space. By examining towns and cities across GB in further detail, we find that the area of green space does not vary greatly between urban conurbations of different sizes, and all are found to have substantial potential to meet the dietary needs of the local urban population. This study highlights that national policies can be suitably developed to support urban agriculture and that making use of urban green spaces for food production could help to enhance the resilience of the national-scale food system to shocks in import pathways, or disruptions to domestic production and distribution.
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Chubrei, O., V. Yavorska, and M. A. Chubrei. "Inclusiveness of museum spaces as an opportunity to develop excursion activities for persons with disabilities." Constructive geography and rational use of natural resources, no. 4 (2024): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2786-4561.2024.4.special-4/19.
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The theoretical aspects of excursion activities for persons with disabilities are analyzed, modern foreign and domestic practices of inclusion in the tourism sphere are characterized, the main aspects of the introduction of an inclusive museum space in Ukraine are highlighted. It was determined that, taking into account the nature of various features of tourists with disabilities, and to serve each group of such persons, it is necessary to use specialized methods and techniques of conducting excursions. In the course of the study, it was determined that for the introduction of inclusion in museum spaces, it is necessary to inform about the concept of inclusion, work on clarification of the effectiveness of its implementation as an opportunity to increase and strengthen the competence of museum workers, improve the quality of museum services and open new directions of interaction with the public for the implementation of various museum projects . The study of modern domestic practices of excursion service for persons with disabilities shows that the leading museum institutions of Ukraine are actively involved in this process. Having analyzed the foreign experience, it is worth noting that most European states have a high degree of environment adjustment for the development of inclusive tourism and its individual types and excursion activities. Spain, Finland, Greece, the Czech Republic, Germany, France, Austria, and Great Britain are among the countries where almost all elements of the tourist infrastructure are most adapted for the development of inclusive tourism. It was determined that certain strategies aimed at the sustainability of inclusive processes and comprehensive actions, which will include an assessment of the needs of vulnerable groups and their own capabilities, joint development of plans and programs, projects, strategic partnerships and cooperation, organization of feedback communication, communication strategy and representation of its services, as well as elements of advocacy and fundraising.
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Kyrchanoff, Maksym W. "Femine Body in the Mass Culture of Iran: between Nudity and Marginalization." Corpus Mundi 2, no. 3 (2021): 70–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/cmj.v2i3.42.
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The author analyses the problems of visualisation and marginalisation of female corporeality in developments of Iranian political and cultural identity from the early modernisation project of the 19th century and the radical modernisation of the 1920s – 1970s to the Islamic Revolution of 1979, which changed significantly the vectors and trajectories of the visualisation of the female body in public spaces and the discourse of Iranian culture. The author believes that Iran / Persia in the 19th century belonged to the number of Muslim countries that were under stable European influences. Russia and Great Britain became the main sources of cultural changes. Cultural exchange with these countries stimulated changes in Persian identity. The author analyses the features of corporeality in the visual art of Iran from the Qajars to the Islamic revolution and its mutations during the process of radical Islamisation of the social life inspired by it. The author believes that the early modern project of the Qajars was the first attempt to visualise female corporeality and map in the centre of cultural coordinates which in fact simulated European discourse. The identity project of the Pahlavi period became an attempt to transform and adopt Western concepts to the Iranian national canon. The Islamic Revolution of 1979 marginalised the visual and visible forms of female corporeality, presented earlier in public and cultural spaces. The project of Islamisation inspired subordination of the female body, marginalising attempts to visualise in ways Western intellectuals did it. Modern feminine corporeality in Iranian culture develops as a dichotomy of official religious identity and its secular alternative, represented by the “high” cultural segments of the consumer society. The author analyses how and why Western strategies of visualisation of female corporeality coexist with its religious rejection. It is assumed that the Iranian mass culture assimilated Western practices of visualising femininity, although the official cultural discourse continues to reproduce the canon of the body imagined as predominantly religious construct.
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Landa, Blanca B., Luis F. Arias-Giraldo, Béatrice Henricot, Miguel Montes-Borrego, Lucas A. Shuttleworth, and Ana Pérez-Sierra. "Diversity of Phytophthora Species Detected in Disturbed and Undisturbed British Soils Using High-Throughput Sequencing Targeting ITS rRNA and COI mtDNA Regions." Forests 12, no. 2 (2021): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12020229.
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Disease outbreaks caused by introduced Phytophthora species have been increasing in British forests and woodlands in recent years. A better knowledge of the Phytophthora communities already present in the UK is of great importance when developing management and mitigation strategies for these diseases. To do this, soils were sampled in “disturbed” sites, meaning sites frequently visited by the public, with recent and new plantings or soil disturbances versus more “natural” forest and woodland sites with little disturbance or management. Phytophthora diversity was assessed using high-throughput Illumina sequencing targeting the widely accepted barcoding Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 (ITS1) region of rRNA and comparing it with the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) gene. Isolation of Phytophthora was run in parallel. Nothophytophthora spp. and Phytophthora spp. were detected in 79 and 41 of the 132 locations of the 14 studied sites when using ITS or COI, respectively. A total of 20 Phytophthora amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) were assigned to known Phytophthora species from eight clades (1a, 2, 2b, 3a, 5, 6b, 7a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 10a, and 10b) and 12 ASVs from six clades (1a, 2c, 3a, 3b, 6b, 7a, 8b, 8c, and 8d) when using ITS or COI, respectively. Only at two locations were the results in agreement for ITS, COI, and isolation. Additionally, 21 and 17 unknown Phytophthora phylotypes were detected using the ITS and COI, respectively. Several Phytophthora spp. within clades 7 and 8, including very important forest pathogens such as P. austrocedri and P. ramorum, were identified and found more frequently at “disturbed” sites. Additionally, eight ASVs identified as Nothophytophthora spp. were detected representing the first report of species within this new genus in Britain. Only three species not known to be present in Britain (P. castaneae, P. capsici, and P. fallax) were detected with the ITS primers and not with COI. To confirm the presence of these or any potential new Phytophthora species, sites should be re-sampled for confirmation. Additionally, there is a need to confirm if these species are a threat to British trees and try to establish any eradication measures required to mitigate Phytophthora spread in Britain.
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GUD’, Ilya D. "URBAN PLANNING TRANSFORMATION OF FUNCTIONAL PLANNING STRUCTURE OF SUBURBAN ZONES AND BELTS OF MEGAPOLIS. FOREIGN EXPERIENCE." Urban construction and architecture 10, no. 3 (2020): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.17673/vestnik.2020.03.17.
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The article considers the features of the functional planning structure transformation of North American megalopolises in the context of the construction of inland railways. The subject of inquiry is the territories of the sett lement system formation in North America from the beginning of colonial invasions, where the interests of Great Britain, France and Spain intersected to the current stage of megacities. There is investigated the infl uence of railway transport on the development of megacities in North America. The subject of research is the Canadian Pacifi c Railroad and the US Transcontinental Railroad, which contributed to the countries urbanization and industrialization. The prerequisites for the transformation of suburban areas were the intensity of labor, cultural, household and industrial links between the center and the periphery in the meridional and latitudinal directions, formation of new kind of scientifi c and industrial complexes, multi-nodes, its infl uence on the functional planning structure of suburban areas and outskirts of megacities. The article introduces the concept of “multi-node”. Multi-nodes are multifunctional urban development complexes with transport infrastructure and engineering facilities which form a complex of terminals for goods transshipment and passengers transferring from one kind of transport to another, as well as public spaces integrated into the urban environment, scientifi c and innovative enterprises with full autonomy and communication that provides the megalopolis with energy resources. Multi-node complexes are located closely to each other and form an integral group, most often around the near-airport territories. This group may not have clear planning boundaries in the form of streets, driveways, fences, and so on. The purpose of the research is to study the sequence of the functional and planning structure formation of the city in dynamics. At the initial stage, from the linear structure of the city along the railway to a more complex ray system, and in the future - the formation of the ring type planning structures, that provide switching of traffi c fl ows on all azimuths directions. It is planning to be constructed a theoretical model of interaction between subcentres and multi-nodes in the suburban zones of intracontinental megacities.
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Hughes, Meredydd G. "Great Britain." Educational Administration Quarterly 21, no. 1 (1985): 129–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0013161x85021001010.
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Nayler, Georgina. "Public funding in Great Britain." Museum Management and Curatorship 10, no. 2 (1991): 143–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09647779109515258.
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PARRIS, Dr Henry. "PUBLIC ENTERPRISES IN GREAT BRITAIN." Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics 56, no. 3 (1985): 393–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8292.1985.tb01902.x.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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Komporozos-Athanasiou, Aris. "Policies of representation in hybrid space : the case of patient and public involvement." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648199.
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Ludlow, Amy Claire. "Does public procurement deliver? : a prison privatisation case study." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/252307.
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Tijmstra, Sylvia A. R. "Spaces of regionalism and the rescaling of government : a theoretical framework with British cases." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2011. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/150/.
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In recent decades, regional pressures for stronger autonomy have encouraged a number of central and federal governments around the world to devolve powers and resources downwards to the regional level. The contemporary revival of regionalist movements and the simultaneous tendency towards greater government decentralisation have received considerable academic attention. Most of these contributions present detailed accounts of the processes of regional mobilisation and devolution in a specific region or set of regions. Although these analytical stories tell us a lot about the distinctive aspects of a particular case, they do not, in general, present a coherent theoretical account that would allow us to study the origins of these two interrelated but distinctive trends in a structured way. This thesis aims to make a contribution towards such an account. Building on the literature on political legitimacy and social movements, this study develops a tripartite typology of regionalisms which allows us to analyse and compare the origins of regional autonomy movements across different contexts. In addition, it seeks to show that an actor1based rational choice approach to the process of regionalist accommodation and non1accommodation can help us gain a better understanding of the mechanisms through which such demands influence the shape of the government system. The usefulness of the resulting theoretical framework is demonstrated by applying it to the contemporary history of regionalism and devolution in mainland Britain.
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Prince, Graham. "The yellow peril in Britain, 1890-1920 /." Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63845.
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Richardson, David William. "Non-party organisations and campaigns on European integration in Britain, 1945-1986 : political and public activism." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5266/.
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This thesis is about non-party and non-governmental organisations campaigning for and against European integration in Britain between 1945 and 1986. These groups have been largely overlooked by studies on Britain’s relationship with Europe. The thesis will examine how these groups operated between the spheres of public activism and institutional politics. They targeted the general public directly with the aim of becoming popular mass movements, and focused on emotive and populist themes and adopted a moralistic tone as part of a broad non-party or cross-party appeal. Old-fashioned methods of activism, including pamphleteering and mass meetings, were used to cultivate a groundswell of support. However, these groups were not able to wrest control of the EEC membership issue away from Westminster. In the case of anti-EEC groups, attempts to acquire political influence and attract more parliamentarians to the campaign were at odds with the “anti-establishment” or “anti-political” tone adopted by sections of their support. Divisions over whether to adopt a more “insider” strategy of lobbying and adopting the model of a research-based think-tank or whether to continue seeking mass support stifled the campaign. Disagreement over strategy, and the confused position between public protest and Westminster politics, caused the anti-EEC campaign’s to fail.
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McKay, Ralston William. "At school with looked after children : a study of the views of children in public care." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/1838.
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This thesis is concerned with the education of children in care. Its analytic focus is on ways in which children in public care are and have been constructed by knowledge and policies that are embedded in the discourses that surround them. A literature review of empirical research conducted in the UK concludes that the dominant research strands and epistemologic studies in this area have failed to allow foregrounding and exploration of children's own accounts of their experiences at school as children in care. Other literature concerning policy and historical contexts is considered within subsequent analytic chapters where a Foucauldian approach is adopted. The empirical work reported is of the content of interviews conducted in schools with 27 children and young people who were in foster care. A Foucauldian perspective allows consideration of the fashion whereby practices of surveillance and "the gaze" construct children by adults. The children's accounts are foregrounded in the data chapters where, firstly, their experiences of adults are explicated in terms of the three mechanisms of surveillance that Foucault identified. Adults' writings about the children, particularly within Records of Needs that had been opened to delineate the special educational needs of some of the children, are described and the fashions whereby these too construct the children, often negatively, are exposed. A sometimes overpowering sense of public intrusion into the children's private lives permeated their accounts but the final data chapter considers the ways they utilised their own agency sometimes as a struggle to resist the markers of difference experienced. Here again their own stories are given prominence. The implications of these accounts lead to suggestions about how changes to adults' practices in their dealings with children in care could be introduced in a range of settings including schools, the meetings held about children and educational psychologists' activities where, fundamentally, a need for adults to display more genuine respect to children and young people is required.
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Bosworth, Ennis C. "Public healthcare in Nottingham 1750 to 1911." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1998. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11306/.
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The thesis is a study of the General Hospital, the General Dispensary and the Poor Law system in Nottingham, to evaluate the nature of the public healthcare provision each offered, the way in which they complemented one another and the extent to which they provided comprehensive cover of the healthcare needs of the sick poor and of the pauper sick and geriatric. The types of patients admitted or excluded by each institution and the recommendation systems which operated for the two charities are described. In-, out- and home patient numbers over time are quantified, and comment made in relation to population growth. An analysis and comparison of patient costs is made between the three Nottingham institutions and with comparative data from elsewhere. A major study of the General Hospital finances is made, analysing its management and showing the growing secularisation of funding. The Dispensary finances are also examined. The organisation of the Dispensary, the expansion of its medical districts and medical officers, and its provision of drugs are discussed. The healthcare provision under the Poor Law system is traced from its parochial days until the arrangements made from 1836 when the Union was founded, and the subsequent developments as the Poor Law system had increasingly to address the needs of the pauper sick and geriatric rather than the ablebodied unemployed. Topics treated are accommodation, medical officers and medical districts, drug dispensing and costs, care of imbeciles and those with infectious diseases, vaccination and nursing. The thesis attempts to evaluate the positive aspects of the healthcare provided by each institution while drawing attention to the shortcomings.
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Clifford, Catherine Rebecca. "Performance spaces in English royal palaces, 1509-1642." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2013. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4658/.
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This thesis investigates the relationship between dramatic performance and space at English royal palaces between 1509 and 1642. I argue that palatial performance spaces, including, but not limited to, great halls, great chambers, banqueting houses, and tiltyards, created meaning in relation to one another. Underlying the history and evolution of the performance spaces I examine is the pressing notion that spaces represented different sites of meaning for spectators already accustomed to the spatial languages of palaces and great households. The venues/rooms/chambers themselves performed for inhabitants, and as court drama developed throughout this period, so did their spaces. Part one examines performance spaces in palaces understood to be the “greater” palaces of the realm and in those maintained primarily by consorts and royal children. Part two focuses primarily on how banqueting houses evolved into essential royal buildings in England. As these buildings became performance sites, court presentations of drama shifted from household-based indicators of hospitality to representations of prestige by the monarch. The final section, chapters five and six, examines how all of the architectural and dramatic frameworks discussed in the first four chapters were exemplified at Whitehall, the most important palatial venue of the period.
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Jian, Ke Yue. "Historical analysis of British welfare system :origin, development, and prospect." Thesis, University of Macau, 2018. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b3953425.
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Kilburn, Matthew Charles. "Royalty and public in Britain, 1714-1789." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1997. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0c41d96a-02d8-4126-ba75-2d27f34a7035.
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The thesis sets out to examine the interaction between the British royal family and its 'public' in the period between the Hanoverian succession and the recovery of George in from 'insanity' in 1789. Throughout, emphasis is given to the reception of royal activity by the press, who circulated information around the kingdom. It argues that the emergence of the domestic, popular monarchy in the middle of the reign of George III was the result of longterm considerations which arose from the activities of earlier generations of eighteenthcentury royalty, and were further developed by George III and his siblings. The growth of the royal family, and the physical and social limitations of the eighteenth-century court, led to its members finding avenues for self-expression outside the court and consequently to the expansion of the public sphere of the royal family. The subject is approached through six chapters: the move from traditional - usually sacerdotal - manifestations of royal benevolence, to sponsorship of voluntary hospitals and similar charities; accession and coronation celebrations during the century; royal public appearances in general, including the theatre and the masquerade, as well as visits to the provinces; the royal residences; royal support for scientific endeavour; and the legacy of the seventeenth century on eighteenth-century royalty, including portraiture and the family's martial connections, and the appearance or absence of mythologized seventeenth-century images in relation to the Thanksgiving of 1789. The thesis is intended to complement recent work on the emergence of national consciousness in Britain in the eighteenth century, as well as on royalty itself. It attempts to identify some of the questions concerning the place the royal family had in the society of eighteenth-century Britain, how its public image reflected that context, and how this helped the monarchy to survive as a stronger institution.
Books on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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Filipa, Wunderlich, ed. Capital spaces: The public spaces of a global city. Routledge, 2012.
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Sabrina, Pastorelli, ed. Religion in public spaces: A European perspective. Ashgate Pub., 2012.
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University of California, Berkeley. College of Environmental Design, ed. Almost home: The public landscapes of Gertrude Jekyll. University of Virginia Press, 2012.
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Keller, Lisa. The triumph of order: Public space and democracy in New York and London. Columbia University Press, 2008.
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author, Kock Sonja, Marth Julia author, Thöle Ulf author, Thome Helmut author, Schroth Andreas (Sociologist) author, and Wetering, Denis van de, author, eds. Gewalt in öffentlichen Räumen: Zum Einfluss von Bevölkerungs- und Siedlungsstrukturen in städtischen Wohnquartieren. 2nd ed. VS Verlag, 2012.
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Center for Federal Buildings and Modernizations (U.S.) and United States. Public Buildings Service., eds. Achieving great federal public spaces: A property manager's guide. U.S. General Services Administration, Public Buildings Service, 2007.
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Beggs, Roy. Public order or public disorder?: An Ulster Unionist response to the Public Order (NI) Order 1986. [The Author], 1986.
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Valentine, Gill. Public Space and the Culture of Childhood. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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Brewer, John D., Adrian Guelke, Ian Hume, Edward Moxon-Browne, and Rick Wilford. "Great Britain." In The Police, Public Order and the State. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-24647-2_2.
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Gray, Duncan. "Public Library Systems of Great Britain." In Fundamentals of Librarianship. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003228325-4.
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Heitlinger, Alena. "National Women’s Policy Machinery: Canada, Australia and Great Britain." In Women’s Equality, Demography and Public Policies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230374782_4.
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Toffell, Gil. "The Spaces and Places of Jewish Cinema Culture." In Jews, Cinema and Public Life in Interwar Britain. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56931-8_2.
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Negrine, Ralph. "Great Britain : The End of the Public Service Tradition?" In The Politics of Broadcasting. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032630458-2.
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Steuart, James, Andrew S. Skinner, Noboru Kobayashi, and Hiroshi Mizuta. "Of the present state of public Credit in Great Britain." In An Inquiry into the Principles of Political Oeconomy Volume 4. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003551157-5.
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Jackson, Lucy, and Gill Valentine. "Rethinking spaces, sites and encounters of conflict in twenty-first century Britain." In Order and Conflict in Public Space. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315679884-10.
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Eltis, Sos. "Private Lives and Public Spaces: Reputation, Celebrity and the Late Victorian Actress." In Theatre and Celebrity in Britain, 1660–2000. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230523845_10.
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Minto, John. "Public Library Progress and Policy." In A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003545200-11.
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Minto, John. "The Public Libraries Act, 1850." In A History of the Public Library Movement in Great Britain and Ireland. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003545200-5.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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VİRİYEVİÇ, Vladan. "Yugoslav Diplomacy and Public on “The Hatay Question” (the Sanjak of Alexandretta) in the Period of 20s and 30s of the 20th Century." In 10. Uluslararası Atatürk Kongresi. Atatürk Araştırma Merkezi Yayınları, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.51824/978-975-17-6044-9.23.
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The development of bilateral relations between the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (known as the Kingdom of Yugoslavia since 1929) and the Republic of Türkiye during the second half of the 20s and 30s of the 20th century was characterized by intensive rapprochement within all spheres – politics, economy, defense, education, culture etc. Owing to that very rapprochement diplomatic societies and the wider Yugoslav public carefully followed the events in Türkiye, considering internal as well as internal aspects. Atatürk's extensive reform activities as well as those performed by Turkish authorities concerning the establishment of neighbor relations with the surrounding, regarding pacific external politics that was promoted by the "Father of Turks", made Yugoslav daily papers and periodical publications full of written columns on this matter. "The Hatay Question" (the Sanjak of Iskenderun) together with "The Mosul Question" was one of the most important challenges of the young Turkish Republic's external politics in the constructive consideration of which the creators of the Yugoslav external politics were interested since it was the obstacle between France, the main Yugoslav external political support and Türkiye, its close ally with which it has been bound by contractual relation within Balkan Agreement since 1934. Therefore the reports of the Yugoslav Embassy in Ankara and the general consulate in Constantinople written to the superiors in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Belgrade very often consisted of information on "the Hatay Question". Yugoslav press also wrote on this matter, particularly those papers that had reporters in Türkiye. According to the unpublished archives of Yugoslav origin and articles in journals, the most important moments and processes regarding "the Hatay Question" will be analyzed chronologically as it is mentioned in the title, till 1940, namely its final solution, the realized demarcation of Türkiye and Syria in the region of the Sanjak of Iskenderun, while they regard the circumstances and the situation in Hatay, the relationship of Turks and Arabs, French-Turkish diplomatic complicated situations and tensions, the role of the League of Nations and other important international political factors (Great Britain, USSR, Italy, Germany) etc.
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DIBBLE, RJ. "PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS ON HORSE RACING COURSES IN GREAT BRITAIN." In Reproduced Sound 2004. Institute of Acoustics, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25144/18058.
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Selivanov, S. V. "Professionalization of the civil service of Great Britain. Prospects of implementation in Ukraine." In INFLUENCE OF EUROPEANIZATION ON PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION IN UKRAINE. Baltija Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-249-4-16.
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Mueksch, Michaela C. "Airborne hyperspectral monitoring of lake, river, and estuary pollution in Great Britain and Germany." In European Symposium on Optics for Environmental and Public Safety, edited by George M. Russwurm. SPIE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.221090.
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Horobets, Olena. "EXPORT AND IMPORT CAPACITIES OF BOOK TRADE IN THE U.S. AND GREAT BRITAIN: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS." In PUBLIC COMMUNICATION IN SCIENCE: PHILOSOPHICAL, CULTURAL, POLITICAL, ECONOMIC AND IT CONTEXT. European Scientific Platform, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36074/15.05.2020.v1.05.
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Liu, JF, D. Shanmugavadivel, A. Gamble, A. Stewart, and DA Walker. "G176 Public awareness of childhood, teenagers and young adult cancer signs and symptoms in great britain." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference–Online, 25 September 2020–13 November 2020. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2020-rcpch.147.
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Vasilyeva, M. "DESIGN OF PUBLIC SPACES IN THE AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT." In Aesthetic Problems of Environmental Design. LCC MAKS Press, 2024. https://doi.org/10.29003/m4224.978-5-317-07275-9/142-147.
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The article examines the main positions that are important for the modern concept of “environmental design”: an instrumental attitude to space and the deliberate variability of forms, the projectivity of the environment, as well as the presence of social groups to which this design is available. The author argues why the concept of “environmental design” can only be fully used when applied to current examples of space design. At the same time, the author proposes to consider the Age of Enlightenment (18th century and the first half of the 19th century) as the beginning of a great deal of work on creating effective methods and techniques for creating spaces in which social and political goals were realized through aesthetic techniques.
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Жолудов, М. В. "The Liberal Party in the Political System of the Great Britain in the XIXth Century: Forms and Features of Development." In Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/semconf.2023.3.3.020.
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В статье рассматриваются особенности развития Либеральной партии Великобритании в XIX в. В своем развитии она преодолела несколько этапов, каждый из которых обнаруживал тесную связь с общеисторическими изменениями в Великобритании. В работе утверждается, что способность правящей элиты страны вовремя перейти к политике либеральных преобразований позволила ей преодолеть серьезный социально-политический кризис и спасти Великобританию от революции. Особое внимание уделено исследованию влияния парламентской реформы 1832 г. на формирование структуры партии. Заслугой либералов было то, что они сумели адаптировать плавным, эволюционно-реформистским путем, не затрагивая самих основ общественного порядка, государственно-правовые институты Великобритании к новым историческим условиям, возникшим в результате промышленного переворота. Используя гибкие компромиссные методы управления и проведения социальной политики в отношениях как с землевладельческой аристократией, так и со средними и низшими слоями британского общества, либералы смогли поддерживать достаточно высокую стабильность общества, сглаживать социальные конфликты, столь частые в других странах Западной Европы XIX в. Автор подчеркивает, что к концу XIX в. британским либералам удалось создать массовую политическую партию современного типа. The article examines the features of the development of the Liberal Party of Great Britain in the XIXth century. In its development, the Liberal Party was going through several stages, each of which revealed a close connection with general historical changes in Great Britain. The paper argues that the ability of the country's ruling elite to switch to a policy of liberal transformations in time allowed it to overcome a serious socio-political crisis and save Great Britain from revolution. Particular attention is paid to the study of the influence of the parliamentary reform of 1832 on the formation of the party structure. The merit of the liberals was that they were able to adapt in a smooth, evolutionary-reformist way, without affecting the very foundations of public order, the state-legal institutions of Great Britain to the new historical conditions that arose as a result of the industrial revolution. Using flexible compromise methods of management and social policy in relations both with the landowning aristocracy and with the middle and lower strata of the British society, the liberals managed to maintain a fairly high stability of society, smooth out social conflicts that are so frequent in other countries of Western Europe of the XIXth century. The author emphasizes that by the end of the XIXth century, the British liberals managed to create a mass political party of the modern type.
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Ellis, Clifton C., and David J. Isern. "Public Space: Activation v. De-Activation." In 2018 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2018.33.
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Historically, the great cities of the world have built public spaces that have often been used as venues for spectacle, and displays of power and status. These public venues are part of the identity of these cities and have an importance and influence far beyond their physical dimensions or geometric shapes. They are all platforms that accommodate, both physically and metaphorically, the various expressions of a society. This paper will address historical events and their transcendency within the context of the city and their historical importance and effect in a larger global context. In addition, it will apply theoretical concepts about city space and the public sphere through an application of post-structuralist theory, critical theory, and social capital theory.1
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BENT, M. M. "“WOMEN NEVER HAVE AN HALF HOUR... THAT THEY CAN CALL THEIR OWN”: AFFINITY OF IDEAS IN F. NIGHTINGALE'S “CASSANDRA” AND V. WOOLF'S “A ROOM OF ONE'S OWN”." In FORTUNES OF NATIONAL CULTURES IN GLOBALIZATION CONTEXT: BETWEEN TRADITION AND THE NEW REALITY. Chelyabinsk State University Publishing House, 2024. https://doi.org/10.47475/9785727120088_105.
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This paper dwells upon critical essays written by two outstanding authors whose influence over the women's movement in Great Britain of the 19th and 20th c. cannot be underestimated. Upon publication, their works have in effect become feminist proclamations. V. Woolf was familiar with F. Nightingale's essay and engaged in a dialogue with her to a certain degree. Even though they became known to the general public at approximately the same time, the affinity of ideas in essays is striking. Both authors describe women's situation in their contemporary society, while uncovering the reasons and means of its improvement. According to them, the main ways of achieving the set goals are financial independence and being free from conventionalities.
Reports on the topic "Public spaces – great britain"
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Tymoshyk, Mykola. UKRAINIAN CHILDREN’S MAGAZINE ON EMIGRATION AS A SPECIFIC TYPE OF PUBLICATION (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE LONDON MONTHLY “YOUNG FRIENDS”). Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2022.51.11394.
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For the first time, one of the popular children’s magazines of the Western Ukrainian Diaspora “Young Friends” became the subject of research. Founded in March 1955, it ceased to exist in 1984. There is no complete filing of this newspaper in any book collection of Ukraine, it has not been digitized yet, the editorial office did not have a site. For this reason, the author conducted a study of this journal in the library-archive of the Union of Ukrainians in Great Britain (UUB) in London. The peculiarities of journal formation and the specifics of the editorial policy are clarified. The experience of publishing a Ukrainian children’s magazine abroad for a long time (in color and on chalk paper) without any financial support from the state, but only by public money, is quite instructive for the current situation in Ukraine when children’s periodicals have almost disappeared from the national information space due to indifferent contemplation of the state.
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Hudson, Andrew, Andy Axon, Amelia Stoneley, et al. Honey Risk Profile. Food Standards Agency, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.fjl846.
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Dudoit, Alain. European common data spaces: a structuring initiative that is both necessary and adaptable to Canada. CIRANO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/skhp9567.
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Faced with the acceleration of the digital economy, the governance and effective sharing of data have become fundamental issues for public policy at all levels of jurisdictions and in all areas of human activity. This paper reviews the initiatives and challenges associated with data governance, with a particular focus on the European Common Data Spaces (ECDS) and their direct relevance to the Canadian context. It explores the inherent complexity of data governance, which must reconcile sector-specificities with more horizontal governance principles. In doing so, it highlights the importance of strategic and coordinated action to maximize the social and economic benefits of data. The Burgundy Report, published by CIRANO in July 2023, calls for the creation of a common data space in the Great Lakes-St. Lawrence Strategic Trade Corridor by 2030. This proposal builds in particular on three separate policy reports published in 2022 by the National Supply Chain Task Force, the Council of Ministers Responsible for Transportation and Highway Safety (COMT) and the House of Commons Standing Committee on Transportation, Infrastructure and Communities. The findings and recommendations of these reports raise fundamental questions that are central to the critical issues of governance, organizational culture, execution capacity, public and private stakeholder engagement, and data underutilization within the Canadian government machinery strained by years of delay and exacerbated by recent disruptions related to anticipated climate disasters. The creation of a common data space is envisaged as a structuring investment in Canada's essential infrastructure for intermodal transport and the supply chain. This working paper on European Common Data Spaces (ECDS) extends the synthesis and recommendations published last July 2023 by providing an operational analysis of the transformative initiative currently underway within the European Union (EU). This major policy development stems from the 2020 European Data Strategy and seeks to establish twelve common data spaces in strategic sectors, including mobility and transport. The document is divided into three main parts. The first part provides an overview of data-related public policies in Canada and the EU between 2018 and 2023. The second part focuses on the implications and lessons learned from the impact assessment supporting the adoption of data governance legislation by the European institutions. This directive establishes a regulatory framework for the creation of common data spaces in the EU. The third section discusses the current deployment of ECDSs, highlighting key milestones and ongoing processes. The paper highlights notable similarities between the EU and Canada in the identification of data issues and the formulation of public policy objectives. It also highlights differences in optimizing data sharing between jurisdictions and stakeholders. A fundamental difference between these two strategic partners is the absence of an effective and sustained pooling of resources within the Canadian intergovernmental machinery in pursuit of common objectives in the face of major shared challenges such as data accessibility and sharing. This situation is in stark contrast to the EU's groundbreaking deployment of the ECDS in pursuit of identical objectives of positioning itself as a world leader in the data economy. This lack of consideration, let alone joint action, by Canada's intergovernmental machinery to implement a common data strategy in Canada is damaging. To be effective, the Canadian response must be agile, results-oriented, and interoperable across jurisdictions. The rigorous management, responsible use, and organized sharing of data within and between jurisdictions are crucial to addressing the complex challenges and major risks facing Canada. Neither the federal nor provincial governments are currently well positioned to treat data as a shared strategic asset. The resolution of regulatory, legal, and technical obstacles to data exchange between jurisdictions and organizations cannot be achieved without the creation of a common data space. This can only be achieved by combining the necessary tools and infrastructures, and by addressing issues of trust, for example by means of common rules drawn up for this purpose. “The barriers that prevent the establishment of robust health data sharing systems are not technical, but rather fundamentally political and cultural.”
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Drury, J., S. Arias, T. Au-Yeung, et al. Public behaviour in response to perceived hostile threats: an evidence base and guide for practitioners and policymakers. University of Sussex, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.20919/vjvt7448.
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Background: Public behaviour and the new hostile threats • Civil contingencies planning and preparedness for hostile threats requires accurate and up to date knowledge about how the public might behave in relation to such incidents. Inaccurate understandings of public behaviour can lead to dangerous and counterproductive practices and policies. • There is consistent evidence across both hostile threats and other kinds of emergencies and disasters that significant numbers of those affected give each other support, cooperate, and otherwise interact socially within the incident itself. • In emergency incidents, competition among those affected occurs in only limited situations, and loss of behavioural control is rare. • Spontaneous cooperation among the public in emergency incidents, based on either social capital or emergent social identity, is a crucial part of civil contingencies planning. • There has been relatively little research on public behaviour in response to the new hostile threats of the past ten years, however. • The programme of work summarized in this briefing document came about in response to a wave of false alarm flight incidents in the 2010s, linked to the new hostile threats (i.e., marauding terrorist attacks). • By using a combination of archive data for incidents in Great Britain 2010-2019, interviews, video data analysis, and controlled experiments using virtual reality technology, we were able to examine experiences, measure behaviour, and test hypotheses about underlying psychological mechanisms in both false alarms and public interventions against a hostile threat. Re-visiting the relationship between false alarms and crowd disasters • The Bethnal Green tube disaster of 1943, in which 173 people died, has historically been used to suggest that (mis)perceived hostile threats can lead to uncontrolled ‘stampedes’. • Re-analysis of witness statements suggests that public fears of Germany bombs were realistic rather than unreasonable, and that flight behaviour was socially structured rather than uncontrolled. • Evidence for a causal link between the flight of the crowd and the fatal crowd collapse is weak at best. • Altogether, the analysis suggests the importance of examining people’s beliefs about context to understand when they might interpret ambiguous signals as a hostile threat, and that. Tthe concepts of norms and relationships offer better ways to explain such incidents than ‘mass panic’. Why false alarms occur • The wider context of terrorist threat provides a framing for the public’s perception of signals as evidence of hostile threats. In particular, the magnitude of recent psychologically relevant terrorist attacks predicts likelihood of false alarm flight incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in those towns and cities that have seen genuine terrorist incidents. • False alarms in Great Britain are more likely to occur in the types of location where terrorist attacks happen, such as shopping areass, transport hubs, and other crowded places. • The urgent or flight behaviour of other people (including the emergency services) influences public perceptions that there is a hostile threat, particularly in situations of greater ambiguity, and particularly when these other people are ingroup. • High profile tweets suggesting a hostile threat, including from the police, have been associated with the size and scale of false alarm responses. • In most cases, it is a combination of factors – context, others’ behaviour, communications – that leads people to flee. A false alarm tends not to be sudden or impulsive, and often follows an initial phase of discounting threat – as with many genuine emergencies. 2.4 How the public behave in false alarm flight incidents • Even in those false alarm incidents where there is urgent flight, there are also other behaviours than running, including ignoring the ‘threat’, and walking away. • Injuries occur but recorded injuries are relatively uncommon. • Hiding is a common behaviour. In our evidence, this was facilitated by orders from police and offers from people staff in shops and other premises. • Supportive behaviours are common, including informational and emotional support. • Members of the public often cooperate with the emergency services and comply with their orders but also question instructions when the rationale is unclear. • Pushing, trampling and other competitive behaviour can occur,s but only in restricted situations and briefly. • At the Oxford Street Black Friday 2017 false alarm, rather than an overall sense of unity across the crowd, camaraderie existed only in pockets. This was likely due to the lack of a sense of common fate or reference point across the incident; the fragmented experience would have hindered the development of a shared social identity across the crowd. • Large and high profile false alarm incidents may be associated with significant levels of distress and even humiliation among those members of the public affected, both at the time and in the aftermath, as the rest of society reflects and comments on the incident. Public behaviour in response to visible marauding attackers • Spontaneous, coordinated public responses to marauding bladed attacks have been observed on a number of occasions. • Close examination of marauding bladed attacks suggests that members of the public engage in a wide variety of behaviours, not just flight. • Members of the public responding to marauding bladed attacks adopt a variety of complementary roles. These, that may include defending, communicating, first aid, recruiting others, marshalling, negotiating, risk assessment, and evidence gathering. Recommendations for practitioners and policymakers • Embed the psychology of public behaviour in emergencies in your training and guidance. • Continue to inform the public and promote public awareness where there is an increased threat. • Build long-term relations with the public to achieve trust and influence in emergency preparedness. • Use a unifying language and supportive forms of communication to enhance unity both within the crowd and between the crowd and the authorities. • Authorities and responders should take a reflexive approach to their responses to possible hostile threats, by reflecting upon how their actions might be perceived by the public and impact (positively and negatively) upon public behaviour. • To give emotional support, prioritize informative and actionable risk and crisis communication over emotional reassurances. • Provide first aid kits in transport infrastructures to enable some members of the public more effectively to act as zero responders.
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Szałańska, Justyna, Justyna Gać, Ewa Jastrzębska, et al. Country report: Poland. Welcoming spaces in relation to social wellbeing, economic viability and political stability in shrinking regions. Welcoming Spaces Consortium, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33119/welcoming_spaces_2022.
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This report aims to present findings of the research conducted in Poland within the Work Package 1 of the Welcoming Spaces project, namely “Welcoming spaces” in relation to economic viability, social wellbeing and political stability in shrinking regions. The main aim of the mentioned research was to examine how welcoming initiatives are organised and implemented in the selected shrinking localities in Poland. In particular, the creation of welcoming initiatives concerning social wellbeing, economic viability and political stability was assessed. To accomplish this objective, five localities were selected purposefully, namely Łomża (city with powiat status) and Zambrów (urban commune) in Podlaskie Voivodeship and Łuków (town), Wohyń (rural commune) and Zalesie (rural commune) in Lubelskie Voivodeship. Within these localities, 23 welcoming initiatives were identified, out of which 12 were chosen for in-depth research. The field research was conducted in all five localities between March and December 2021. During this period, the SGH Warsaw School of Economics team conducted 43 interviews with institutional stakeholders (representatives of local governments, schools, non-governmental organisations – NGOs, religious organisations and private companies) and individuals (both migrant newcomers and native residents). In addition, local government representatives were surveyed to compare their policies, measures and stances toward migrant inhabitants and local development. The research was also complemented with the literature review, policy documents analysis, and local media outlets discourse analysis. Until February 2022 and the outbreak of war in Ukraine, welcoming spaces in Poland were scarce and spatially limited to the big cities like Warsaw, Cracow, Wrocław, Gdańsk, Lublin or Białystok, governed by liberal mayors and city councils open to accept migrants and treat them as a valuable human asset of the city community. However, in smaller cities, towns and rural areas, especially in shrinking regions, welcoming spaces have been highly conditioned by welcoming initiatives carried out mainly by civil society organisations (CSOs). It is very likely that the war in Ukraine will completely change the situation we write about in this country report. However, this crisis and its consequences were not the subjects of our desk research and fieldwork in Poland, which ended in December 2021. As of late July 2022, the number of border crossings from Ukraine to Poland is almost 5 million and the number of forced migrants registered for temporary protection or similar national protection scheme concern 1.3 million people (UNHCR 2022). However, the number of those who have decided to stay in Poland is estimated at around 1.5 million (Duszczyk and Kaczmarczyk 2022). Such a large influx of forced migrants from Ukraine within five months already affects the demographic situation in the country and access to public services, mainly in large and medium-size cities1 . Depending on the development of events in Ukraine and the number of migrants who will decide to stay in Poland in the following months, the functioning of the domestic labour market, education, health service, and social assistance may significantly change. The following months may also bring new changes in the law relating to foreigners, aimed at their easier integration in the country. Access to housing in cities is already a considerable challenge, which may result in measures to encourage foreigners to settle in smaller towns and rural areas. Given these dynamic changes in the migration situation of the country, as well as in the area of admission and integration activities, Poland seems to be slowly becoming one great welcoming space. It is worth mentioning that the main institutional actors in this area have been NGOs and local governments since the beginning of the humanitarian crisis in Ukraine. An important supporting and coordinating role has also been played by international organisations such as the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), which launched its inter-agency Regional Refugee Response Plan (RRRP) in early spring to address the most urgent needs of the population of forced migrants and their host countries in this part of Europe (UNHCR 2022a; UNHCR 2022b; UNHCR 2022c). Based on the number of newly emerged welcoming initiatives and the pace of this emergence, they will soon become an everyday reality for every municipality in Poland. Therefore, it is difficult to find more up-todate circumstances for the “Welcoming Spaces” project objective, which is “to rethink ways forward in creating inclusive space in such a way that it will contribute firstly to the successful integration of migrants in demographically and economically shrinking areas and simultaneously to the revitalization of these places”. Furthermore, the initiatives we selected as case studies for our research should be widely promoted and treated as a model of migrants’ inclusion into the new communities. On the other hand, we need to emphasize here that the empirical material was collected between March and December 2021, before the outbreak of war in Ukraine. As such, it does not reflect the new reality in Poland
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Shyshkina, Mariya P., and Maiia V. Marienko. Augmented reality as a tool for open science platform by research collaboration in virtual teams. [б. в.], 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3755.
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The provision of open science is defined as a general policy aimed at overcoming the barriers that hinder the implementation of the European Research Area (ERA). An open science foundation seeks to capture all the elements needed for the functioning of ERA: research data, scientific instruments, ICT services (connections, calculations, platforms, and specific studies such as portals). Managing shared resources for the community of scholars maximizes the benefits to society. In the field of digital infrastructure, this has already demonstrated great benefits. It is expected that applying this principle to an open science process will improve management by funding organizations in collaboration with stakeholders through mechanisms such as public consultation. This will increase the perception of joint ownership of the infrastructure. It will also create clear and non-discriminatory access rules, along with a sense of joint ownership that stimulates a higher level of participation, collaboration and social reciprocity. The article deals with the concept of open science. The concept of the European cloud of open science and its structure are presented. According to the study, it has been shown that the structure of the cloud of open science includes an augmented reality as an open-science platform. An example of the practical application of this tool is the general description of MaxWhere, developed by Hungarian scientists, and is a platform of aggregates of individual 3D spaces.
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Hilbrecht, Margo, David Baxter, Alexander V. Graham, and Maha Sohail. Research Expertise and the Framework of Harms: Social Network Analysis, Phase One. GREO, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2020.006.
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In 2019, the Gambling Commission announced a National Strategy to Reduce Gambling Harms. Underlying the strategy is the Framework of Harms, outlined in Measuring gambling-related harms: A framework for action. "The Framework" adopts a public health approach to address gambling-related harm in Great Britain across multiple levels of measurement. It comprises three primary factors and nine related subfactors. To advance the National Strategy, all componentsneed to be supported by a strong evidence base. This report examines existing research expertise relevant to the Framework amongacademics based in the UK. The aim is to understand the extent to which the Framework factors and subfactors have been studied in order to identify gaps in expertise and provide evidence for decision making thatisrelevant to gambling harms research priorities. A social network analysis identified coauthor networks and alignment of research output with the Framework. The search strategy was limited to peer-reviewed items and covered the 12-year period from 2008 to 2019. Articles were selected using a Web of Science search. Of the 1417 records identified in the search, the dataset was refined to include only those articles that could be assigned to at least one Framework factor (n = 279). The primary factors and subfactors are: Resources:Work and Employment, Money and Debt, Crime;Relationships:Partners, Families and Friends, Community; and Health:Physical Health, Psychological Distress, and Mental Health. We used Gephi software to create visualisations reflecting degree centrality (number of coauthor networks) so that each factor and subfactor could be assessed for the density of research expertise and patterns of collaboration among coauthors. The findings show considerable variation by framework factor in the number of authors and collaborations, suggesting a need to develop additional research capacity to address under-researched areas. The Health factor subcategory of Mental Health comprised almost three-quarters of all citations, with the Resources factor subcategory of Money and Debt a distant second at 12% of all articles. The Relationships factor, comprised of two subfactors, accounted for less than 10%of total articles. Network density varied too. Although there were few collaborative networks in subfactors such as Community or Work and Employment, all Health subfactors showed strong levels of collaboration. Further, some subfactors with a limited number of researchers such as Partners, Families, and Friends and Money and debt had several active collaborations. Some researchers’ had publications that spanned multiple Framework factors. These multiple-factor researchers usually had a wide range of coauthors when compared to those who specialised (with the exception of Mental Health).Others’ collaborations spanned subfactors within a factor area. This was especially notable forHealth. The visualisations suggest that gambling harms research expertise in the UK has considerable room to grow in order to supporta more comprehensive, locally contextualised evidence base for the Framework. To do so, priority harms and funding opportunities will need further consideration. This will require multi-sector and multidisciplinary collaboration consistent with the public health approach underlying the Framework. Future research related to the present analysis will explore the geographic distribution of research activity within the UK, and research collaborations with harms experts internationally.
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Turner, Nigel E., Nicolas Trajtenberg, Steve Cook, Olga Sanchez de Ribera, Jing Shi, and Henrietta Bowden-Jones. A health inequality examination of problem gambling, substance abuse, mental health, and poverty in the United Kingdom; A secondary analysis and stakeholder interviews. Greo Evidence Insights, 2023. https://doi.org/10.33684/2024.003.
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Purpose: This project is focused on the social determinants of health associated with problem gambling and examined gambling-related disparities and the determinants of negative health outcomes. Social determinants include social class education, ethnic group, age, and sex (Elton-Marshall, et al., 2017). The main aims of the study were as follows: Aim 1: In this study, we used the large data set to determine subpopulations who are experiencing social inequity (e.g., youth, older adults, women, Black people and other minority ethnic groups, and people with low income; see Elton-Marshall, et al., 2017) to determine how much they are impacted by gambling. Aim 2: We tested the data as an interaction model to see if there are disparities in the impact of gambling by sociodemographic variables. The analysis included tests of the factorial structure of the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI) across subpopulations (e.g., young vs. old, low-income vs. higher income, and Scotland vs England). Aim 3: In addition, we conducted interviews with a small number of key stakeholders who were treatment providers or administrators of problem gambling services to discuss the research findings and to help us understand the data and develop a dissemination plan. Methodology: This project consisted of a secondary analysis of the “Gambling in England and Scotland, 2016: Combined Data from the Health Survey for England and the Scottish Health Survey.” We concatenated the data from 2012, 2014, and 2016. This study is a secondary analysis of a large data set. The project incorporated a series of statistical analysis including logistic regression, multinominal regression, cluster analysis and confirmatory factor analysis and to explore the relationship between gambling and social and demographic variables. Results: Based on our analysis combining the DSM and PGSI, about half a percent of the adults in England and Scotland met the threshold for a severe gambling problem. In terms of gambling behaviors, the most common games were national lottery tickets, scratch cards, and other lotteries. As expected, social and demographic variables were both significantly associated with problem gambling. Significant social and demographic risk factors for problem gambling include sex (male), age (being younger, 25 to 34), marital status (being single or never married), social class (manual and routine labour), ethnic /racial group (Black or other), and education (lower levels of education). In addition, being a heavy drinker, a current smoker and having a lower level of Wellbeing were also related to problem gambling. Although the results suggest that people in Scotland gamble somewhat more often especially on lotteries, Country (England vs. Scotland) was not associated with gambling problems. In terms of games played, according to the logistic regression, the largest association was for electronic gambling machines (EGMs), followed by Sports gambling and then online gambling. The interaction of games with sex is interesting suggesting that the male vs. female differences is smaller for EGMs and online gambling, but larger for sports gambling. As Part of Aim 2, we tested the psychometric properties of the PGSI gambling inventory and found that the PGSI was a valid construct for measuring problem gambling in the United Kingdom (UK). Moreover, we found that the PGSI scale operated similarly for respondents from both England and Scotland, suggesting generalisability across the UK. In terms of Aim 3, the key stakeholder interviews, most of the stakeholders felt that the reported frequencies were lower than they expected and questioned the accuracy of the prevalence estimates. Several stakeholders noted that some ethnic communities (Chinese, Muslims) were not adequately represented in the survey, and speculated that this was due to under reporting. Several stakeholders also suggested that the prevalence of gambling problems among women who gamble may be higher than males who gamble, however analysis did not support this view. In terms of directions for future research, the stakeholders suggested the need to better understand the impact of trauma on gambling, the potential side effects of medication(s), and a more comprehensive examination of environmental factors during childhood that increase the risk of problem gambling during adulthood. Overall, the stakeholders felt that the results provide useful information but note that more research is needed to better understand gambling problems. Finally, several stakeholders believed that both government and industry should do more to help reduce problem gambling; however, one stakeholder cautioned that over regulation could backfire and push gamblers to non-regulated gambling sites. Conclusions: The results of this research provide a detailed examination of the association between problem gambling and the social determinants of health in the UK. In summary, the key findings are that social and demographic risk factors for problem gambling include sex (male), age (being younger, 25 to 34), marital status (being single or never married), social class (manual and routine labour), ethnic /racial group (Black or other), education (lower levels of education), are significant factors in determining problem gambling. In addition, being a heavy drinker, a current smoker and having a lower level of Wellbeing, more psychological distress, and a greater rate of mental health problems, were also related to problem gambling. This knowledge will help to inform public health strategies in the UK related to the prevention and treatment of gambling disorders, as well as the prevention of gambling-related harm at the population level and for different groups (e.g., age groups, income groups, ethnic groups). Implications: 1. Problem gamblers are more likely to have lower levels of education, were less likely to be in managerial work, and in terms of ethnic group were Black or other. 2. Problem gamblers are physically healthy, but have an elevated risk of mental health problems, have a poorer sense of well-being and are more likely to smoke or engage in heavy drinking. 3. The results found that country (England vs. Scotland) was not associated with differences in gambling problems, however, people in Scotland gamble somewhat more often especially on Lotteries. 4. In terms of Aim 2, the results suggest that the PGSI is a valid measure of gambling in the Great Britain and that it is equally valid for both England and Scotland. 5. Non-problem gamblers appear to be a relatively healthy population and had the best scores in terms of mental health and well-being, though the contrasts with non-gamblers were trivial. 6. Non-problem gamblers had a somewhat greater rate of smoking, heavy drinking and obesity compared to non-gamblers suggesting they may have more health problems eventually. Effort should be made to encourage more physical activity amongst recreational gamblers.
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Theory of change: Bet You Can Help. Addiction Recovery Agency, Beacon Counselling Trust, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.004.
Full textAbstract:
Gambling-related harms are a significant public health issue in Great Britain. These harms are often underrecognized and most people who experience harms go without support. Under the leadership of Addiction recovery Agency (Ara) and Beacon Counselling Trust (BCT), the Bet You Can Help (BYCH) programme is filling the need for place-based education and training to identify and address gambling related harms. The BYCH programme is a community first aid model for safer gambling that promotes the early identification of people who are at risk of gambling related harms. Offered as a Level 2 Qualification through the Royal Society of Public Health, this programme aims to reduce harms and prevent lives being lost from gambling related harms in Great Britain. This theory of change considers the inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes necessary to achieve these goals. It can be used by organizations, groups, and individuals in any sector impacted by gambling related harms in Great Britain.
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Theory of change: Don’t Bet Your Life On It. Greo, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33684/2021.005.
Full textAbstract:
Gambling-related harms are increasingly recognised as a significant public health issue in Great Britain. The vast majority of those experiencing gambling harms remain unidentified and without support. Don't Bet Your Life On It (DBYLOI) blends lived experience and clinical expertise to deliver practical safer gambling strategies virtually for players that can be accessed anytime and anywhere to prevent any life from being needlessly affected by gambling-related harm. It is designed to support players at any level of play by providing players with a “seat belt” to prevent harms from occurring, identify early signs of risk, and signpost those experiencing harms to get the help they need. This theory of change visual and narrative considers the inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes necessary to achieve these goals. It can be used by organizations, groups, and individuals in any sector impacted by gambling related harms in Great Britain.