Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Public Welfare Association'

The thesis reviewed research around gang membership in adolescents, particularly difficulties defining gangs and the impact this has on quantifying the gang problem and gang crime. Moreover, risk factors associated with gang membership and violence was discussed. The thesis also attempted to explore individual and family risk factors in a UK sample in order to ascertain the consistency of such findings. The research aimed to compare different levels of gang membership based on criteria to define gangs, types of gang crime and motives for joining a gang. There was generally consistency between the groups in these areas. Moreover, the groups were compared on a number of psychological characteristics including violent cognitions, self-esteem and attachment to peers and parents. There were significant differences between the group acquainted with gangs and those with no affiliation on the Machismo subscale, and Father Alienation, Mother Trust and Communication, and the Personal and Parental Self-esteem subscales. All but the Machismo and Father Alienation subscales demonstrated lower scores for the acquainted group. However, the Machismo subscale scores and the Father Alienation scores were higher in the acquainted group compared to the not affiliated group. The psychometric properties of the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA) were found to have adequate to excellent properties but also a number of limitations. Finally, the case study provided an example of successful interventions when working with gang-involved individuals. The utility of the findings are discussed in relation to future research and future intervention and prevention strategies.

The results from this study indicated that the accessibility of negative alcohol memory associations was higher in alcohol contexts as participants generated more alcohol-related responses to the negative alcohol-related behavioural outcomes. As no effect of context was observed for positive alcohol memory associations, it was postulated that this type of memory association might become activated prior to or during decisions to consume alcohol. In addition, the results indicated that activated negative memory associations might not exert an influential role over decisions to consume alcohol. The results form this study provided further support for the Alcohol-Related Association Memory model of alcohol use. The findings from the series of studies provided support for the Alcohol-Related Association Memory model of alcohol use. In addition to replicating previous research findings, concerning the relationship between alcohol use and positive outcomes of this behaviour, the research findings showed that a relationship between alcohol use and negative outcomes of this behaviour is evident when an appropriate assessment tool is used. In addition to demonstrating that alcohol memory associations are strengthened in relation to current alcohol consumption level, the results from Study 3 showed that the length of an alcohol consumption history relates to the strength and subsequent accessibility of positive and negative alcohol memory associations. It was also indicated that activated negative alcohol memory associations might not exert an influential role over behavioural decisions. Alcohol association memory research, conducted thus far, has shown that there is a relationship between alcohol consumption experience and strength of alcohol memory associations. However, the effect that activated memory associations have on actual alcohol consumption, has not yet been established. Therefore, future research suggestions address this issue.

This project is an ESRC CASE study of one of the largest housing associations in England. The aim of the study was to take a multi-layered view of the organisation to explore its changing identity, by tracking its evolving community investment strategy over a 2 year period as an examination of shifting sub-cultures and driving institutional logics. The underlying theme of a multi-layered approach led to a research design sub-dividing the organisation horizontally and vertically into management strata and functional and geographical sampling points. The focus on ‘strategy, culture, logics and community investment’ was derived from a research cycle which integrated both macro level issues and the organization’s internal agenda reflecting the inherent paradoxes characterising the hybrid third sector of social housing. The thesis builds on earlier work on competing institutional logics in social housing and links this to changing organisations cultures to show how hybridity is enacted over time. The author concludes that a dominant corporate sub-culture, tied into a commercial, customer-driven logic has been displacing more regional, local community cultures derived from the pre-merger organisations. This enactment process is exemplified by the centralisation and consumerisation of CI services depicted in the author’s logics-culture matrix.

In most police services the only spatial and temporal analysis of crime was conducted until recently by statisticians at the force headquarters, with little or no regard for any short term or localised patterns of crime. In recent years there has been a move towards a more decentralised, proactive style of British policing focused at the police divisional and community level. This has left an intelligence void where force level analysis techniques are neither appropriate nor subtle enough to elicit any meaningful information at a local level from the mass of crime data generated within the police service. This thesis reveals patterns in community level crime which have not been recognised previously using traditional techniques in spatial and temporal investigation which tend to lack the necessary analytical ability. Current policing considerations are recognised and the thesis concentrates on three aspects of police crime concern: accurate temporal analysis, repeat victimisation, and the identification of hotspots. A number of new techniques are presented which are designed with the needs of a crime analyst at a divisional police station in mind, an individual who has until now lacked the necessary analytical tools to perform the role effectively.

Young people in post-war Britain have grown up in a context of fast-paced change and constant attention; from transformation in state welfare in the 1940s and 1950s, concern about delinquent and subcultural youth in the 1960s and 1970s, and the consequences of recession and youth unemployment in the 1980s. Youth clubs at this time provided a space where young people could figure out myriad influences on their lives and emerging identities. To date, these significant organisations have been woefully under-examined by historians who have largely failed to look at youth groups except in uniformed or religious contexts, or as part of the solution to youth crime. Much practitioner research remains ahistorical in its approach. Early histories of youth movements such as John Springhall’s are being built upon by exciting new interdisciplinary research, for example by Sarah Mills. This thesis contributes to this emerging body of work and restores the place of the youth club in our understandings of youth in the post-war period. This research set out to establish the full range of roles that youth clubs and their membership associations had in the post-war period and how they linked with other forms of voluntarism, welfare and youth provision. Additionally, this research wanted to look at how youth clubs fitted into the lives of young people at a time when their leisure and cultural pursuits were the subject of much scrutiny. In uncovering the complexity and distinctiveness of youth voluntary organisations, local case studies are essential. They allow this research to demonstrate the local factors at work in shaping young lives and youth cultures and provide much-needed evidence about how voluntary service-providing organisations have contributed to the history of voluntarism and welfare in contemporary British history. Papers of clubs and associations held privately and in archives have been complemented by oral history interviews and a range of other sources to examine fully the voluntary youth club in South London and Liverpool. These sources show that clubs were shaped by unique mixes of geography, welfare politics, social issues, international influences, and young people themselves to create spaces for fluid youth cultures and clubs which could blend roles and relationships in order to adapt to local needs and experiences. Youth voluntary organisations were central to networks of youth welfare in London and Liverpool. By looking at how these organisations operated and their relationship with the state, this thesis establishes that voluntary youth clubs were on the frontier of the mixed economy of welfare. They were dynamic in the face of social change and effective in accommodating and responding to the cultural needs of the young consumer in the post-war period. The evidence presented here shows that youth clubs and associations had a pivotal role in helping young people navigate myriad problems. Furthermore, this thesis argues that the category ‘youth’ has concealed the way in which a wide variety of factors such as class, gender, race, and locality have shaped the experiences of young people. Finally, this thesis reveals the crucial role played by a new generation of youth workers, who challenged traditions rooted in uniformed organisations and older youth movements, in embedding permissive and radical approaches in to youth clubs. Ultimately, this thesis argues that the unfixed and contested identity of the youth club could react, respond and adapt to changing welfare, social and cultural pressures. This has given them an undefinable but central status on the very borders of local mixed economies of welfare in South London and Liverpool where the state, voluntary, consumer and cultural were all interconnected to create not only uniquely situated organisations but also micro-local youth cultures. The research presented here contributes to debates about civil society and the making of citizens. It aids understanding of how the category of youth has been constructed and used in wider society in the post-war period. It also adds to our understanding of what welfare provision has looked like and the boundaries between different types of provision. This in turn informs contemporary discussion of who should provide youth and wider welfare services and what forms this should take.

Swedish voluntary associations, folkrörelser have been honoredwith a gilt-edged history, a chronicle in need of criticalnuance. Those mass movements which at the time of thebreakthrough of democracy and the welfare society were bearers ofcivic ideals and visions have changed in character and metcompetition from other organizations. Over the years theorganizational sphere as well as its enviroment have evolved intosomething of a completely different nature.The purpose of this study is to reconstruct the communityfunctions of voluntary associations; and to identify theconditions under which voluntary associations are able to promotedifferent political cultures.The analyses prove that voluntary associations in the welfaresociety occupy community functions located between the extremesof a service and a pressure function. Extrapolated to themacro-level they are on the way to a privatist and pluralistsociety, respectively. Few, if any, organizations maintain forcesthat point in the direction of a civil or state society.Organizations push society onto a path leading towards pluralismand individualism, but what does this imply for the developmentof the whole social formation? A variety of forces maycounterbalance the aspirations of voluntary associations. In thewelfare society key emphasis must be placed on what happens whenorganizations meet the challenge imposed by the volumnious growthof the public sector.The capacity of organizations to change the enviroment isdependent on the scale and thoroughness of public intervention:the more extensive government interventionism, the harder it isfor organizations to leave their imprint on the making of apolitical culture. If, however, the integration of the economic,social, and political arenas was to disintegrate or the arenaswere to become softer in their contours, organization potentialswould grow stronger. Voluntary associations are more reactivethan active in political conditions characterized by integratedarenas and government interventionism; reducing publicintervention is a prerequisite for organizations to be able toreshape the political culture.
digitalisering@umu

The aim of this research is to take a first step towards shedding some light in the education of MD students in Greece by focusing on the experiences of parents as they accompany their children through their journey. In the first phase of the study semi structured interviews conducted with parents provided a more personal account of the situation. In the second phase, the same topic was approached through a survey addressed to the representatives of all parent associations for children and adults with multiple and severe disabilities in Greece, which provided the collective perspective. The data was analysed using thematic content analysis and statistical analysis for social research. The first phase revealed that the education of MD children and adults is viewed as a personal case and responsibility of the families. The findings from the second phase indicate that the parent associations have ideologically adopted a more social perspective and struggle towards the educational and social inclusion of MD children and adults. However, often they are forced to assume the role of filling the gaps of the non-existent public social provision. The inclusion of MD children and adults into the Greek educational system, not merely as presence but as equal participators, requires the total reform of the social, and by extension the educational system. MD students are still placed on the margin of policies, of the educational and social life, and often of our thoughts and consideration.

Background: The scope of postpartum pelvic dysfunction and perineal trauma is under-researched. Instrumental vaginal delivery or 3rd/4th degree tears were recognised risk factors for pelvic/perineal dysfunction; caesarean delivery was not implicated. Aims: • To analyse obstetrical/biological factors associated with pelvic dysfunction after caesarean or non-instrumental vaginal delivery • To compare these associations between groups after determining frequencies • To evaluate severity of pelvic/perineal dysfunction, including quantifying maternal perception of the psychosocial impact Participants and Methods: 284 primiparae (184 caesarean, 100 vaginally delivered) had domiciliary, in-depth medical interviews using structured and open questioning. Results: Caesarean (elective, emergency) vs. vaginally delivered were compared: Stress incontinence manifested in 60/184 (33%, 33%) vs. 54/100 (54%), anal incontinence in 94/184 (53%, 50%) vs. 44/100 (44%), dyspareunia in 50/184 (28%, 27%) vs. 46/100 (46%), haemorrhoids in 3/184 (2%) vs. 5/100 (5%) and double incontinence with dyspareunia in 33/284 (14%, 10% vs. 12%). Sixty sustained perineal trauma. Delivery mode and non-labour factors were predictors. Severity was evaluated by devising a psychosocial measure tailored to maternal functioning. New faecal incontinence necessitated continuous perineal protection in two pre-labour caesarean and one vaginally delivered mother. Severe dysphoria was associated with incontinence (p=0.038, OR 2.334, CI 1.049, 5.192), dyspareunia (p=0.005, OR 2.231, CI 1.272, 3.914) and post-caesarean wound problems (p=0.022, OR 3.620, CI 1.203, 10.896). Incontinence impaired leisure activities (p=0.036, OR 2.165, CI 1.051, 4.463) and employment (p=0.023, OR 1.912, CI 1.093, 3.345); caesarean mode affected social-networking (p=0.018, OR 2.438, CI 1.166, 5.099) and employment (p=0.031, OR 1.967, CI 1.064, 3.636). Conclusions: Pelvic/perineal dysfunction was: ▪ Predicted by caesarean or non-instrumental vaginal delivery, with anal incontinence being more prevalent post-caesarean ▪ Comparable following elective or emergency caesarean ▪ Associated with severe and quantifiable biopsychosocial maternal morbidity.

Cette thèse étudie la manière dont l’État se reconfigure à travers le secteur associatif. Elle prend appui sur une étude de cas, celui du service public de l’emploi « Cap Emploi » destiné aux chômeurs en situation de handicap, créé en 2005 et déployé par des associations. Tirant partie de plusieurs méthodes (observations par monographies et par immersion dans trois Cap Emploi, entretiens, statistiques ethnographiques, travail documentaire), l’intérêt de cette thèse est d’étudier les pratiques professionnelles selon trois dimensions : l’organisation du travail, les propriétés des usagers et les caractéristiques des travailleurs. Une première partie de la thèse porte sur la « mise en gestion » progressive de ces associations dans le cadre de leur contractualisation avec l’État et à l’aune du référentiel du New public management. Une deuxième partie fait état de la difficile conciliation entre volonté de personnalisation des politiques sociales du handicap et logique gestionnaire qui sous-tend l’activité Cap Emploi. On y étudie le processus de catégorisation et de tri des chômeurs montrant un phénomène d’« éviction » et de « mise en flux » à l’égard des personnes souffrant de handicap psychique. Enfin, la troisième partie de la thèse est consacrée à l’étude de ces travailleuses et travailleurs associatifs en tant que « nouveaux visages du service public ». On y approfondie leur rapport au travail et à l’emploi, au regard d’une analyse en termes de trajectoire et de genre. On étudie notamment leur ajustement ou désajustement à la tension entre deux logiques de travail, relationnelle et gestionnaire, inhérentes au métier de conseiller lorsqu’il est exercé dans ce type de structure hybride
This thesis intends to show how the State reconfigures itself through the associative sector. It is based on the study of the public employment service “Cap Emploi” for unemployed and disabled people, created in 2005 and carried through associations. I conducted an ethnographic survey in three Cap Emploi, using several observation scales and ethnographer tools (observations, interviews, ethnographic statistics, documentary work). I studied different elements of variation in professional practices, in the light of work organization, properties of users, and properties of workers. The first part of the thesis deals with the progressive implementation of management tools imported from the private sector, in these non-profit organizations, as a result of their contractualization with the State. It shows how the “New Public Management” is carried out in this non-profit sector. A second part relates the uneasy conciliation between an effort to individualize and an effort to rationalize (following a managerial logic) social policies. It studies the unemployed ranking process according to their expected employability, and shows that the different types of sorting of the beneficiaries primarily concerns people suffering from a psychological handicap. Finally, the third part of the thesis is devoted to the study of these association workers, the “new face of public service”. It studies their position toward this kind of hybrid organization, combining an analysis in terms of trajectory and gender

Ce travail ambitionne de comprendre comment ont évolué les dispositifs qui permettent en france aux personnes de nationalité étrangère d'accéder à la prévention et aux soins en ville et à l'hôpital. nous nous demanderons comment et pourquoi sur une période longue un etat permet ou au contraire empêche l'accès d'une population majoritairement plus pauvre que la population générale, les étrangers, à un bien supérieur, la santé.l'objectif est de rendre compte du mouvement apparemment paradoxal que l'on observe depuis près d'une trentaine d'années : d'une part, des politiques migratoires de plus en plus restrictives et répressives, de l'autre, la santé devenue 'un des derniers refuges du droit' (didier fassin) pour les étrangers. cette période a été marquée par des évolutions législatives majeures, qui scanderont notre travail, notamment la mise en place de l'aide médicale d'etat et du droit au séjour pour soins en 1999. nous nous intéresserons aux acteurs étatiques, et en premier lieu, au ministère de la santé mais également à la sécurité sociale et aux associations qui ont joué un rôle double : elles ont mené un intense travail de plaidoyer pour le maintien et le perfectionnement des dispositifs d'accès aux soins et se sont vues délégués une partie de la dispense de soins auprès des populations étrangères. l'accès aux archives officielles étant limité du fait du caractère très contemporain du sujet, nous nous appuierons sur les fonds détenus par les organismes et les personnes privés ainsi que sur la constitution d'archives orales. s'il s'agit d'un travail d'histoire, nous intégrerons des données ethnographiques recueillies lors d'enquêtes de terrain
In France, the healthcare costs of undocumented foreign nationals are covered by a specific welfare benefitcalled State Medical Aid (Aide médicale d’État). This benefit was created in 2000, as part of the law onUniversal Medical Insurance (Couverture médicale universelle) which enables French nationals andundocumented foreign nationals to benefit from the state health insurance scheme (Assurance maladie) as longas they are resident in France. This thesis explores the origins of a measure created exclusively for people whosepresence on French territory is judged illegal and the impact of the existence of this particular healthcarecoverage.The approach brings together a history of public policy and an ethnography of care settings and reception centresfor undocumented foreign nationals.Part One retraces the stages involved in opening up access to the state health insurance scheme from the mid-1980s onwards. It focuses on the way in which a distinction progressively emerged between the public healthissue of undocumented people accessing healthcare, and that of poor people accessing healthcare. The role ofhumanitarian associations, notably Doctors without Borders and Doctors of the World, who opened freehealthcare centres in France from 1986 onwards, is underscored, as are their links with movements defending therights of foreigners. These processes are located within a longer history of debates about access to welfare forthe poorest going back to the nineteenth century, and the subordination of social policy to the objectives ofcontrolling migratory flows.Part Two, based on research carried out in a hospital and in a health rights organization, analyses theconsequences of the introduction of immigration administrative categories into the healthcare system as well asthe emergence of a degraded form of social citizenship for people living illegally in France

碩士
元智大學
管理碩士在職專班
100
The study of Non-Profit Organization Management A case of Taiwan Promise Public Welfare Association Student : Cheng-Che Lu Advisors：Dr. Ja-Shen Chen Submitted to Executive Master of Business Administration Program College of Management, Yuan Ze University ABSTRACT Recent years, the government can not meet all the demands from the civil society. Due to the shortage of social service, people with lofty ideas establish variety of non-profit organizations to solve the social problems. With the people from all the different stratum of the society, the public non-profit organizations meet the variety demands and are more efficient than the governmental organization. This study (dissertation) focuses on social service and charity, discusses about the key characteristics and management of the non-profit organizations in Taiwan. Most of the non-profit organizations cooperate with government and be the best assistants. Therefore, this study (dissertation) discusses the operation and management of the non-profit organizations. The method of case study is used to discuss the following subjects: 1. Understanding the current operation status of non-profit organization in Taiwan. 2. Discussing the subjects of operation management and actual operation method. 3. Suggestions for the operation management of non-profit organization based on the case study. Keywords: Social welfare non-profit organizations, Non-profit organizations of management.

碩士
玄奘大學
法律學系碩士班
106
This thesis would present the experiences of the author who has undertaken the duty of secretary of Lions Club International 300G1 for many years. The Lion Club International provided strict regulations, including color, length, application, to the usage of the club label. Therefore, the thesis would discuss legal circumstances of the Lion Club’s label protection in Taiwan. First, the thesis will provide issues of the collective marks system in Taiwan regarding non-profit juridical associations. Then, this article will discuss the protection of well-known marks in Trademark law. The conclusion will focus on the protection of unauthorized mark. This article also refers the international IP regulations; as well as provides an opinion that the Taiwan Trademark law offered inappropriate label or marks protections to public welfare group or non-profit juridical association. Thus, a new legal scheme is required to the situations of mark protections to public welfare group or non-profit juridical association.

黎玲寶.
"2005年2月".
論文(哲學碩士)--香港中文大學, 2005.
參考文獻(leaves 136-140).
"2005 nian 2 yue".
Abstracts in Chinese and English.
Li Lingbao.
Lun wen (zhe xue shuo shi)--Xianggang Zhong wen da xue, 2005.
Can kao wen xian (leaves 136-140).
圖片及相片 --- p.iii
表格及圖表 --- p.iv
致謝 --- p.v
摘要（中文） --- p.vi
摘要（英文） --- p.vii
Chapter 第一章 --- 導論 --- p.1-22
研究背景 --- p.1
硏究主題 --- p.2
硏究目的 --- p.6
相關文獻 --- p.6
硏究方法 --- p.16
硏究中遇到的困難 --- p.21
硏究意義 --- p.22
Chapter 第二章 --- 基層家庭互助會 --- p.23-42
荃灣合一社會服務中心 --- p.24
基層會的管理架構和會員情況 --- p.27
會員服務 --- p.30
權益工作 --- p.34
總結 --- p.41
Chapter 第三章 --- 綜援家庭之生計及經濟難題 --- p.43-70
因綜援金產生之問題 --- p.47
生活開支（一）：食物開支 --- p.51
生活開支（二）：子女教育及醫藥開支 --- p.57
生活開支（三）：住屋租金 --- p.62
失去經濟收入的主導權 --- p.63
總結 --- p.68
Chapter 第四章 --- 綜援家庭所面對之壓力及社交關係 --- p.71-97
(一）傳媒報 導 --- p.71
(二）與社工相處的壓 力 --- p.74
(三）來自義工朋友的壓 力 --- p.78
(四）社會人士歧視的壓 力 --- p.80
受訪家庭所面對的歧視情況 --- p.83
社交關係 --- p.91
總結 --- p.97
Chapter 第五章 --- 家庭及價値觀 --- p.98-118
父母寄望子女成材 --- p.100
家庭的維繫 --- p.103
抗拒領取綜援 --- p.106
有經濟價値才是「正確」 --- p.107
樂觀積極，以「平常心」面對困難 --- p.111
相信命運？ --- p.114
總結 --- p.117
Chapter 第六章 --- 總結 --- p.119-126
受訪家庭之需要 --- p.120
貧窮問題 --- p.122
貧窮文化之體現？ --- p.123
結語 --- p.124
附錄一深入硏究的家庭之基本資料 --- p.127-129
附錄二基層會通訊內容：香港貧窮線硏究的專題介紹 --- p.130
附錄三基層會通訊內容：提供最新的綜援金額資料 --- p.131
附錄四綜援金額計算表 --- p.132-135
參考書目 --- p.136-140

碩士
國立臺北大學
統計學系
105
The purpose of issuing public welfare lottery is not only to create work opportunity for the disadvantaged groups, but also provides additional sources of revenue for the social benefit funds. Furthermore, people believe “one lottery, million dreams” and “purchasing public welfare lottery, doing charities, accumulating virtues”, which make a win-win situation for both the residents and the government. This research used data from 2014 Family Income and Expenditure Survey collected by Directorate-General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics. The data are used to find the potential personal attributes that are associated with the willingness to purchase the public welfare lotteries and the purchasing amount. The logistics regression model and the regression model are used to assess the association, respectively. The findings show that older females are more willing to purchase the public welfare lottery is increasing with age. Singles are less likely to purchase and buy higher amount of public welfare lotteries. Respondents who do not have the habit to buy tobacco, betel nut or alcoholic beverages have lower willingness to buy lottery and purchase higher amount. of these two models in this paper may offer some references to the issuing unit of the public benefit lottery and related researchers.

Text in Afrikaans
The purpose of the study is to examine the extent and demands volunteers have in a managerial function. Volunteers are responsible for the management of the branches of the ACVV, functioning in a specific environment. The variables of these environments have a definite influence on the functioning of a branch and place specific demands on the members. The group of respondents consisted of chairpersons of branches of the ACVV in the West Coast region. The findings of the empirical studies are that all levels of the environment bring pressure to bear upon volunteers. The demands placed upon them have a bearing on the managerial tasks and have a negative effect on the willingness of volunteers to serve as board members. It is imperative that training and development of volunteers, in welfare organizations, must be ongoing in order to empower and give them confidence for these managerial tasks.
Social Work
M. Diac. (Social Work)