Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Publicité et politique – Pays de l'Union européenne'
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Dacheux, Éric. "La Communication persuasive intra-communautaire : communiquer autrement dans la communauté européenne de demain." Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20002.
Full textHow to create persuasive ways of communicating capable of changing attitudes or behaviours in a multicultural population amongst the countries of the european communty? The corporate presidents, the european comminttee and the non governmental associations all respond to this question in one and the same way. By talking advantage of the communication agencies. However these agencies employ a large range of persuasive techniques that reinforce the habits of consumption, but are unable to provoke deep and durable behavioural changes. These techniques created for and by the lucrative sector meet the industrial managers requirements (widen the range of the European economy) but do not allow the European committee ant the ngo to obtain their respective goals : to create an intercultural European union, and to provoke an anti productive cultural revolution. In fact, the European social actors who pursue non lucrative objectives have to starting tomorrow forgo a persuasive communication, that plays on the subconscience of the consumer, in order to create a new persuasive communication model, that enlists the conscious participation of the European citizen. True persuasive communication is not education, it is creation
Tucny, Edwige. "L'Union européenne et la conditionnalité politique." Grenoble 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003GRE21034.
Full textSyed, Hélène. "Marché du travail européen, politique européenne de mobilité du travail et contribution d’une politique migratoire européenne rénovée." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12020/document.
Full textThis thesis presents an analysis of the intra-European mobility of European workers and citizens and of third country nationals (TCNs), focusing on the issues of building a European labor market. We are mainly interested in the opportunity of a link between intra-European mobility policies for workers and the European migration policy. The first part of the thesis is predominantly analytical. It characterizes the current situation of the European Union, its mobility patterns, its migration systems and regimes as well as the articulation with its national labor markets. The European situation is compared to the leading immigration countries outside EU. This analysis is conducted with an ongoing effort to go beyond the aggregate data, which may hide important national differences between Member States, and even marked divergences. Using this analysis, the second part is devoted to a critical review of the current European public policies for the promotion of intra-EU mobility of workers, leading to recommendations. The third part combines theoretical and empirical approaches for studying three dimensions of intra-EU mobility. In the first chapter, the study of the determinants of foreign recruitment reveals some specific features of the firms recruiting abroad, beyond the characteristics of the jobs. In the second chapter, we show that the current version of the European blue card cannot be efficient: one of the main reasons for this inefficiency is the lack of articulation with expanded rights for intra-European mobility of holding a blue card. Finally, the study of student mobility confirms the cumulative nature of mobility and polarization of the most qualified
Duflos, de Saint Amand Amaury. "Communauté européenne et culture." Aix-Marseille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX32007.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is to study integration of culture in the european community mechanism. Its first part consiste in a legal investigation of the eec's competence in cultural matters. Indeed, the economic and social mission of the european community, specified within the eec's treaties and european law, has to be respected in the cultural matters treatment. The second chapter explains the economic dimension of culture and the cultural dimension of economy. The second part of this thesis proves that culture could become a basic component of the communautary dynamic process in the future. Besides, culturally speaking, eec is able to become a regional economic organization model open to the rest of the world and to be attractive to european citizens
Bocchino, Sophie. "Le marché des produits OTC et l'attitude du consommateur européen face à leur publicité télévisée." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05P014.
Full textWeber, Valérie. "Analyse de la politique agricole structurelle communautaire et évaluation de son efficacité." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOE011.
Full textThe research takes place in a concern of an evaluation of the common structural agricultural policy and an analysis of its efficiency (it means its ability to reach the expected objectives). The results of the implementation of the main measures of the commun structural agricultural policy (investments aids, aids to the youngs farmer, subsidies for the natural handicaps, aids to the early retirement) in the twelve member countries of the community, during the 1989-1992 period, are almost always disappointing : the result hare seldom reached the initial objectives. The reasons of the obvious weakness of the efficiency of the four studied measures are : - that theirs objectives are numerous and contradictory. - that the assumptions which are the basis of the community interventions (ie : the actions theories) and the choice of the concerned population, are not always based on real economic justifications. - that the aera of the community interventions is restricted in the aera of the agricultural structures (mainly to financial aids) regard to the importance of the legal, social and fiscal policies (which are within the sole competence of the member countries) and to the common prices support policy over the farm structures dynamics. - that some of the member countries are relunctant to put into practice some of these measures according to theirs own means and priorities. The results of carried evaluation give us information about how to conceive and how to implement the common structural agricultural policy, what could make its measures more efficient in the future
Richez-Battesti, Nadine. "Espace social et intégration européenne." Aix-Marseille 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991AIX24006.
Full textCan european integration be realised without a european social policy, with an unified economic space and diverse social protection systems ? The historical approach of social protection system in european countries shows a homogeneisation-differenciation trend, and lead to the definition of a west european pattern of social protection. Conditions of emergency and realisation of european social dimension can be steady. Paradoxically, in liberal analysis as for heterodox approaches, closeness of social dimension for countries is necessary. Only means to reach this "standard" would be different. Never the some maintains that social have to remain at the state step, even though arguments for european social space tend to amplify, in way of internal cohesion and of european production of comparative advantage. The constraints enlargement, in term of demography and merchandisation dictate legislation proxility. The european social space construction is a necessary stage to contribute to european integration
Papakonstadis, Markos. "La Grèce et la politique étrangère de l'Union Européenne." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN20012.
Full textBachellerie, Adeline. "Essai sur l'intégration régionale et la politique budgétaire." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010042.
Full textWu, Zhenglin. "L'Union monétaire européenne et politiques budgétaires." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0014.
Full textTo realize, emu, each European country must male effort. Emu put many questions about monetary and budgetary policies in the EEC. The coordination of economic policies between member states is in the heart of debate about emu. The dissertation provides a comparison of European countries's budgetary policies since 1960s until the end of 1980s. It is pointed out that the EEC countries are very different from each other in the field, because every country has a structure of public spending and fiscal tax, and EEC advise to various countries the orientation of policy based on different criterion. That is why the initial coordination of budgetary policies in Europe was not systematic. The dissertation synthesizes theory relative to coordination of budgetary policies, and the conclusion argues that emu must be built at several speeds
Gutierrez, Raymond. "La politique étrangère européenne : contribution à l'analyse d'une diplomatie européenne commune de l'Union européenne." Montpellier 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON10036.
Full textRivalain, Jean-François. "Ukraine et Biélorussie: de l'Union soviétique à l'Union européenne : perspective et scenarii de l'adhésion de l'Ukraine et de la Biélorussie à l'Union européenne 1991-2006." Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4032.
Full textSince their independence in 1991, Ukraine and Belarus have found themselves to be in a contrast with regarding their European geography on the one hand and the geopolicy of the EU on the other, which has been largely devoted to the integration of the post-communist states through the mcchanism enlargement. The programmatic divide as conceived and implemented by the EU between the Central & Baltic Europe and their post-Soviet counterparts, has let to the establishment of fundamentally divergent evolutions for these Iwo continental macrocosms. The crucial point for this challenging development, and indeed the core of this study, is the fact that the Western part of the CIS de facto belongs to the European continent, and therefore it was de jure eligible for such EU accession. Therefore, we need to interpret the relationship the EU has pursued with the Western post-Sovie States in comparison - ifnot by contrast - with the policies the EU has adopted towards Central and Baltic Europe, as weil as for the previous or parallel geographies of enlargement. This process of enlargement stands for an example to analyse the structures maintained by Kyiv and Mensk with Brussels; its strength and its relevance foresee on the principle the accession of these capitals to the EU. The core of this thesis is indeed to regard such perspective of accession for these Iwo States as being irrepressible, due to its necessity and its attractiveness. The incompleteness - not to say the abortion - of their socio-economic and democratic transitions can be understood due to this initial and continuing lack of EU anchorage. To recoup these gaps necessarily requires the lever of EU prospect
Lambinet, Marc. "Le rôle de la politique régionale et de la régionalisation dans l'intégration de l'Europe." Paris 10, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA100078.
Full textJacquot, Sophie. "L'action publique communautaire et ses instruments : la politique d'égalité entre les femmes et les hommes à l'épreuve du gender mainstreaming." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. https://spire.sciencespo.fr/notice/2441/5407.
Full textUntil the 1990s, the European gender equality policy has been characterized by an ‘exception model’: women are considered as a special group; Community action is mainly regulatory and limited to the employment sphere; the gender equality policy community is restricted and committed to its cause; there are few but strongly-connected institutional structures. Since the 1990s, the European gender equality policy has been undergoing a process of change: the mechanisms have been progressive but the results have been of major significance. The change has been systematized and precipitated by gender mainstreaming (art. 3. 2. TEC) and the European gender regime has been profoundly disrupted. A new ‘anti-discrimination model’ can be observed: the women category is treated along with other social groups; soft law prevails and concerns all the EU’s fields of action; actors and institutions are numerous and diverse. The tension between the equality norm and the market norm which is specific to this policy has also undergone a change of nature: the two were complementary within the limit of equality in a market order while equality is now made instrumental so as to serve the market. This change of policy is revealed by a systematic tracing of the emergence, institutionalisation and implementation of gender mainstreaming and by the analysis of the interaction between instruments and actors. As a trans-sector and soft instrument, the study of gender mainstreaming also helps to enlighten some of the transformations of the European public action and governance (reflexivity, shift of constraint, civil society mobilization and participation control)
Noireau, Jean-Pierre. "La communauté européenne et le tabac." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR1008.
Full textSpina, Christian. "Analyse comparative de systèmes financiers, monnaie unique et financement de l'activité économique dans la zone euro." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE0053.
Full textOur objective is to compare the financing process of growth in Europe and to determine whom is the more efficient. Before, we analyse the working of these systems. We conclure they are very different in spite of the evolution of the two past decades. Our chapter two show the economical, legal and over historical reasons of these diffrences and explain the actual working of the european systems. Our third chapter explain financing process of growth in these systems. We conclude that german system (with the existence of close relationships between a bank and a firm) is the most efficient system. Our last chapter present the structure of corporate ownerships in different european country. We see that german system (where banks are importante shareholders) is the most efficient system
Rey, Frédéric. "Les pouvoirs publics et le théâtre en Europe." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32016.
Full textSince Antiquity, public autjorities of Europe maintain dense and unique relations with theatrical activities. Beside the elaboration of the rules concerning the organization of public performances, public authorities can be censors, patrons, entrepreneurs of spectacles or initiators of policies for drama. Present study describes and compares contemporaries models and legislations adopted for theatrical activities in each country of Europe. The dissertation analyse simultaneously actions introduced by the European Union in order to promote cultural cooperation. It tries to identify the signs anouncing a possible "European theatrical policy"
Kountouris, Nikolas. "La construction de la politique communautaire en matière d'asile : enjeux, luttes et dynamiques institutionnelles." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32082.
Full textIn chronological terms the European asylum policy is extremely recent. Nevertheless, asylum is in the centre of different European multi-actors negotiations for more than 25 years. This policy touches the heard of the national State traditional functions. Equally, the European asylum policy constitutes an example of the process of construction of a more political Europe. Can we identify in this cas a new European public policy overtaking the traditional logics of a construction of national public problems? That could be one of the questions tackled in this study. The purpose of this research is to understand on one hand why asylum, a subject very closely linked with national sovereignty, figures in the agenda of the European public policies. How this policy was negotiated and created by diffrent actors and which were their logics of action. Futhermore, our analysis of the creation process of the European asylum policy has as a purpose to contribute to the understanding of the logics of public actions in a new European policy sector called "Justice and Home Affairs"
Desingly, Aurélien. "L’Union européenne et les services publics internationaux." Reims, 2009. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00001069.pdf.
Full textRelations between the European Union and public services are tumultuous. Apparently, the European Union has ignored the concept of public service and has substituted for the functioning of public services network its doctrine of services of general interest, including their subdivision such as economic, social and non-economic services of general interest. In fact, the European Union endorsed the concept of public service to qualify for both the general operation of its government and the missions entrusted to specialized agencies it creates to handle certain technical areas. In addition, the European space policy is the shift from a regulatory role of national activities to a real political will to undertake activities and to provide international public services in the interests of its Member States and its citizens. Finally, international public service is an element which has a dual role in the nature of the European Union. First, it strengthens the community in the way of a federal system. On the other hand, it is the engine of the European Union, the justification for the development of activities at a European level that the States could not undertake alone
Le, Baut-Ferrarèse Bernadette. "La Communauté européenne et l'autonomie institutionnelle et procédurale des états membres." Lyon 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO3A001.
Full textRammata, Maria. "Le travail gouvernemental et l'Union européenne en France et en Grèce." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010307.
Full textCélestine, Emmanuelle. "Souveraineté et union économique et monétaire." Paris 12, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA122005.
Full textWhen EMU has been created, members States of European Community transferred their monetary sovereignty almost integrally whereas they kept their economic sovereignty exercise. This disequilibrium between monetary and economic transfer is a source of difficulties in the leading of both community monetary politic and national economic politics of member States. An adapted policy-mix is quite impossible because of the lack of European politics structures which be able to lead economic politic at the European Community stage and to take into account disserves of euro zone members States and those of non members. So, if we want EMU to survive, new sovereignty transfers are necessary
BONNET, ANNIE. "Les transferts publics a l'agriculture et la recomposition de la politique agricole dans la communaute europeenne, 1980-1992." Nantes, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NANT4019.
Full textThe aim of this thesis is the study of the changing role of the cap (commun agricultural policy) which has taken place during the eighteens and from which the reform emerged in may 1992. This analysis is built on a thorough investigation of the evolution and the structure of eaogf (european agricultural orientation and guaranteed fund) expenditures since 1980 until the first beginning of the reform. Data processing consists on the identification of a financial amount by main action or political measure, by country and for each year of the observed period. The analysis has been carried out throught both sides : the first one is the global evolution of the common agricultural budget and the ways ec financial participation could be mobilized and the second one concerns the different national strategies to appropriate cap instruments. Moreover, this prospect throught both budgets and political means reveal four main issues : (1) strong presence of the market adjustment which hides less and less the backward movement of the traditional interventions on markets and in modernization, (2) the emergence of various problems linked to the crisis and to new political concerns (environment,. . . ) which turns policy to take into account all these issues in a new coherence, (3) the development of compensation process which both concerns the cap and a more global question of regional balance of equity and (4) the permanence of national political specificities in spite of 30 years of cap. The question of the nature and the justification of state intervention in agriculture is mentionned
Jitmahawong, Danai. "L'immigration économique et le droit de l'Union européenne." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32078.
Full textThis study examines changes in the EU law on economic migration, which aims to meet the goals of the progressive European integration, while taking into account the current economic requirements and forecasts on the needs of European labor market. First, the emphasis is put on demographic changes that have impacts on the active population structure of the European Union, and the possible contribution of immigrant workers, giving rise to the need of European policy in this area. The competence of the European Union and the arrangements of its exercise are subsequently examined to determine the scope of the Europeanization of the domain. Secondly, the study focuses on European Union legal materials and its developments that highlight the political sensitivity in the field of economic migration, constituting obstacles to the establishment of European norms. In both parts of this study, the distinction is made between economic migration from outside the European Union and the migrations of workers from third countries within the European Union, because of the peculiarity of these two categories. Finally, as the economic migration concerns workers from third countries, social aspects, such as fait treatment and social integration, are also addressed in this study
Longinidis, Panagiotis. "La politique européenne de voisinage et les pays d'Europe orientale." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10036/document.
Full textΟn the basis of the current political and legal debates, this doctoral research focuses on the interest of the European Union regarding the countries of Eastern Europe, emerged after the fall of the Soviet Union. Taking into account the fact that the relations of the Union with the neighboring countries which are located beyond its eastern borders don't constitute a new concept of the European external relations, these relations have undergone a revival of interest from 2004 onwards thanks to the enlargement of the Union eastwards and the emergence of the European Neighborhood and Partnership Instrument. The latter aims at managing the new geopolitical data in the region. The request for the intensification of the relations of the Union with its entourage and the progressive development of an arsenal of instruments have led the European Union into planning a neighborhood policy intended for the partner countries of Eastern Europe. Our thesis is based on a comprehensive approach to the evolution of the contractual relationships of the partner countries of Eastern Europe taking also into account the political side of the neighborhood policy. More specifically, we are interested in the aspect of the Union concerning the development of a particular policy intended only for the neighboring countries of Eastern Europe, which, in turn, is the outcome of contractual relations developed with the Soviet Union. After discussing the historical background of the bilateral relations between the Union and the border countries of the Europe in the Introduction, the first title of the thesis proposes a synthesis of the political motivation of the Union leading to the design of a specific policy for the eastern region of Europe and, subsequently, to the appearance of its first policy instruments. It focuses on the region of Eastern Europe which concentrates a variety of common characteristics and actions shared between partner countries are present allowing the structural and normative development of an eastern partnership. The second part addresses the question concerning the legal basis for the Neighborhood Policy under the primary law of ex-Communities and the Union within the financial framework as it is defined by the official documents of the Union. The appearance of the neighborhood policy in the Treaties of Amsterdam and Lisbon as well as its position in comparison with other external policies emerged in the primary law of the Union area also investigated. This section discusses the contractual relationships between the Union and the partner countries of Eastern Europe, from the period of the partnership and cooperation agreements concluded with the NIS, just after the dissolution of the USSR to the signing of the first three of the association agreements with the countries bordering to the east of the European Union.This evolution in the level of agreements could not operate without the development of the instrument of implementation of the neighborhood policy.The thesis conclusions broadly suggest the need to define the limits of the evolution of the neighborhood policy and its eastern dimension according to which the desire of a number of partners is oriented towards a potential accession to the Union. Thus, a historical and political interpretation of the neighborhood policy is proposed and it is divided into three phases: the years 2004-2006, the period of the ENPI 2007-2013 and the period of the ENI 2014-2020. Moreover, the conclusion of this thesis addresses the issue of deeper relationships with the neighboring countries of Eastern Europe without neglecting the geopolitical dangers caused not only by the other forces in the region but also by the indigenous problems of partner countries
Saliou, Virginie. "Gouverner la mer : jeux d'échelles et temporalités de l'action publique en Europe." Rennes 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012REN1G042.
Full textThis thesis analyses the government of the seas. Legally an area of state sovereignty, the sea has traditionally been addressed within sectoral policy approaches, and accorded little importance by public authorities. Today, however, the sea has emerged as a crucial area of public not only for national but also for subnational, European and international actors. This thesis accordingly discusses the construction of maritime policy in Europe from an interactional perspective, comparing policy processes within the Breton, French and European scenes. It re-evaluates the concept of government by identifying the European policy process as " polycentric and co-opetitive", where the negotiation of European compromise is a long-term process structured by the interpenetration of public policy scenes and the multi-positional strategies of policy actors. The production of European public policy is carried out within a framework of "co-opetition", a combination of cooperative and competitive actor strategies. Such a comparison enables a clearer understanding of the analogous processes between Commission, state and regional authorities in public policy elaboration, where territorial, technocratic, democratic and political arguments at once define and legitimise maritime policy. The study of maritime policy improves our understanding of the essentially symbolic politics of framing, and reveals how policies structure and condition both politics and polity in Europe
Moulim, El Bachir. "L'énergie et la protection de l'environnement dans la Communauté européenne." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR1020.
Full textThe thesis tries to give an essential glimpse of the unfold efforts in the harmonized wrest le with the reaches from the energy to the environment. It applies to show the efforts of the european community to inform, to harmonize, to regulate as far as possible in fields as varied as the quality of air, products, the "clean car", the pollution of sea by the hydrocarbons, the radioactivity, the radioactive waste. . . The recall of different texts carried or simply proposed by the communal authorities, goes with development of the coal, the gas, the oil, the nuclear energy. These technical explanations are often indispensable to understand the stakes of the communal intervention
Malo, Laurent. "Autonomie locale et Union européenne." Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU2013.
Full textEurope in the 20th century was marked by the increase in power of local communities and of the European Union. Despite the limited interest originally granted by the Community institutions to Member States’ infra-state communities, this concomitant development incites to study the relations between the principle of autonomy of these communities and the European Union. Thus, the Europeanization of public life sets the question of its impact upon local autonomy. The European Union certainly tends to take into account the autonomy of infra-state communities, but in a minimal and relative manner. Its favourable effects towards local autonomy are thus limited. Besides, the neutrality displayed by the European Union is not borne out in practice. The principle of institutional and procedural autonomy, supposed to guarantee the indifference of the European construction towards the internal organisation of Member States actually turns out to be an instrument allowing these to channel the autonomy of their infra-state communities. The central State, notably in France, then comes out as an obligatory intermediary. In this respect, local communities are imposed Community law while they do not contribute to its adoption. Therefore, the European Union does bind, directly and indirectly, the local autonomy
M'Saidie, Thomas. "La place des pays et territoires d'outre-mer dans la politique de l'Union européenne." Perpignan, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERP0003.
Full textHumbert-Droz, Swezey Annie. "Europe et politique culturelle scientifique : face à la société de l'information, la culture scientifique facteur d'identité européenne? du traité de Rome (1957) au traité d'Amsterdam (1997 ; ratification 1999) quarante ans de politique." Paris 10, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA100061.
Full textBérard, Yann. "Gouverner à distance : ingénierie-conseil, bureaucratie technique et transnationalisation des politiques publiques en Europe." Rennes 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009REN1G023.
Full textBased on the detailed study of two consulting offices, this work describes the existence of a dynamic which consists of the delegation of classical modes of governmental intervention -be it as the local, national, or supranational level - toward intermediary actors capable of piloting public action and moving beyond their organizational borders. This shft from the "do" to the "have someone do" is rendered particularly visible with relation to the recent trnasformations that occured in activities of engineering consultancy, characerized simultaneously by a strong technical expertise and the rise of managerial expertise. In this respect, the mobilization of concepts originating from the sociology of expertise and sociology of science represents a precious contribution which allows an enrichment of contemporary analyses of public action concerning the affirmation of the intermediary role played by often understudied or even poorly known actors, as well as the emergence of a regulatory state in Europe. Under these conditions, what does governing at a distance mean ? Rather than stepping away from the masses, it means multiplying forms of a presence within the world by introducing multiple technologies of government and intermediary levels of action which work continously, although not necessarily intentionally, to render the exercice of power invisible. This would be the style of a government at a distance in a nutshell : an apparent non-style which conceals a style of government immanent to relations of power
Andrès, Frédéric. "Délocalisations, croissance et Union Européenne." Paris 9, 2006. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2006PA090024.
Full textOur thesis is in line with a very topical debate, namely, that of delocalizations. In the context of an enlarged Europe, the question of where firms will locate is a critical and much debated one. Western European countries fear that some of its industry will be relocated in the likes of Bulgaria or Slovenia, that is, in low-wage countries; in the meantime, Eastern European countries fear that some of their fledgling industry might be attracted by the larger market of more developed countries. Given the depth of the task, we have chosen to investigate only four facets of this problem: (i) chapter 1 focuses on the link between growth, the location of firms and wages; (ii) chapter 2 studies the interplay between international convergence and widening discrepancies within countries; (iii) chapter 3 is about linking the level of integration of two countries to the choice of organizational mode of the firm; (iv) finally, in chapter 4, we link the location of firms to the imperfections of the labor-market
Cecchetti, Laurence. "Les Fonds structurels et la politique de cohésion économique et sociale, solidarité ou compétitivité?" Nice, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NICE0041.
Full textCommonly, Europe incarnates itself in a dream (the political project) and a reality (the territory and its borders). The European regional policy synthesizes this duality: it tends towards an harmonious economic development in Europe and is represented by the whole of the regional and local authorities of the European Union. Along with the various programmings, the attribution of the Community funds under these policy rules follows a double philosophy: first, solidarity, based on an assistance towards the least developed regions and more recently, competitiveness, driving all the European areas towards an ideal of full employment and economic growth of the Union as a whole. To meet these needs and to transform them into projects for the territories, the managers of these “structural” funds, within the Member States, find themselves facing a renewal of the administrative missions and of their ways of being applied. Far from establishing an “Europe of areas”, these fund distributions counterbalance a traditionally centralized and hierarchical National and European management of public policies. The management of the European structural funds becomes, in spite of national reluctancies and European gropings, the forefront of the new Union strategy of competitiveness in the worldwide market
Pouget, François. "Fédéralisme budgétaire et compétition fiscale : Éssais d'économie politique sur l'intégration européenne." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090001.
Full textOur purpose is to provide an original analysis of the process of international integration. Our contribution focuses mainly on European issues. We analyze in the first part the effect of “political” integration, defined here as the delegation of a set of public goods to a supranational level of government. We first consider the allocation of prerogatives between different levels of decision and broaden the scope of our analysis by introducing recent contributions of the new political economy literature. We then provide an analysis of the determinants of success of special interests in an international union. In the second part, we study the consequences of corporate tax competition. We develop a model in order to analyze the consequences of a race to the bottom mechanism on the allocation of public resources. We then extend the model in a general equilibrium framework. This allows us to analyze the relationship between tax policy and public capital stock
Peltier, Céline. "Théorie du dumping et système communautaire antidumping." Toulouse 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU10016.
Full textThe aim of this dissertation is to review the economic explanations of the dumping phenomenon and to analyse the implementation of the antidumping community procedure. The chapter I presents an original typology of dumping. Two principal types of dumping are considered. The discriminatory dumping is practised by a firm of which the national market is less competitive than the domestic market where it exports. The non discriminatory dumping is practised by a firm of which the national market isn't necessary less competitive than the domestic market where it exports. All different motivations which can lead a firm to dump constitute a rational behaviour. However, these doesn't exclude that the firms, victims of these practises, be defended since they suffer an injury. In the chapter II, the two major systems of antidumping defence are described: the United States and the European community procedures. The progress, the necessary conditions for an antidumping defence are described and analyse of their principal results is realised. The chapter III's objective is to appreciate if the European community antidumping decisions are biased. An empirical study is realised with the community antidumping cases during the period 1980-1992. The results are more moderate than the conclusions of previous studies. But, it seems that European firms try to influence the decisions of the commission. Then, the claims of a discretionary implementation of the European community antidumping system, leading this system from defence to protection, don't seem demonstrated. Antitrust policies applied on the national market of the firm which exports can't replace, in any type of dumping, a direct defence against the dumping. But, a parallel implementation in the importing country, in the case where the strengthening of dominant positions in the European community is evident, must be considered
Bourdin, Sébastien. "Convergence et intégration régionale dans l'Union européenne : essai de modélisation et de simulation." Rouen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ROUEL012.
Full textWith the enlargements of the European Union in the East in 2004 and 2007, regional disparities profoundly increased and a solidarity effort between State members and the regions was necessary. This thesis suggests estimating the scale of regional disparities and measuring the process of convergence and regional integration in Europe. It is thus a matter of zooming on the Central and eastern European countries to identify the explanatory factors at the origin of the uneven regional development in this part of the European space. Furthermore, in the debate between equity and competitiveness of the European Structural funds, a reflection was led on the eventuality of a cohesion policy rethought taking into account the neighboring effects on the regional growth and the convergence was argued. The methodology developped in this thesis couples spatial statistics (global and local spatial autocorrelation), spatial analysis (GWR), modelling by cellular automaton (Géocells) and mathematical formalization of the local convergence
Gouin, Anne-Paule. "Transport maritime à courte distance et droit communautaire." Nice, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NICE0035.
Full textThis thesis identifies the legal concepts relating to short sea shipping and concludes this transport activity is regulated within the legal framework of the European Community. The nature of short sea shipping justifies this legal arrangement. It contributes not only to the fulfilling of the Community objectives on the environment but also to the emerging concept of territorial cohesion. The legal framework is based on the Common Transport Policy and its emphasis on the liberalisation of the European shipping industry, but with specific adjustments made to take into account the special nature of short sea shipping. The promotion of this activity leads to the creation of accompanying regulation which conflict with Community objectives on free and undistorted competition. Moreover, the activity of short sea shipping extends outside of Community territory. This thesis analyses the respective distribution of Member States and Commmunity competences, both in the respect of the principles of subsidiarity and proportionality, as well as external responsibilities. The Community law applicable to short sea shipping has therefore been written specifically to integrate into the legal framework of the Community
Vial, Claire. "Protection de l'environnement et libre circulation des marchandises." Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10032.
Full textMoes-Tosello, Alexandra. "Politique régionale française et politique régionale communautaire : compatibilité et complémentarité des contrats de plan Etat-Région et de la politique régionale communautaire." Nancy 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN20002.
Full textHoualet, Caroline. "Politique commerciale commune et marché intérieur." Rennes 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993REN11005.
Full textThere is an incontrovertible dialectic between the completion of the internal market and convergence towards an integrated common trade policy. Without genuine common european import and export policies, the integration process will stall. It follows that without a will to act together, the effectiveness of both policies will be compromised. TTe reality of community integration is at stake. TTe aim is to define a new european and worlwide framework for international relations
González, Cisneros Maricarmen. "La politique latino-américaine de l'Union Européenne : processus et contenu 1996-2006." Toulouse 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10040.
Full textThe European Union has a foreign policy with respect to Latin America. There are many asymmetries and other discrepancies in the political relationship between the two shores of the Atlantic, but in spite of this, the fate of both regions has been closely linked for years. Our research focuses on the European institutions decision-making process form the "institutional triangle", Council, Commission and Parliament. Inside the frame of that decision-making process concerning European institutions we will find the expression of European foreign policy interest. While reviewing this long process, which is both unique and complex, we discovered how the European Union and its member states establish and manage their relations with Latin America through the interaction of national, community and intergovernmental policies. Their decision-making method corresponds to a logical construction based on rational and ideological perceptions resulting from a convergence of national policies and ideals of "good governance". In this respect, the development of the EU's Latin America foreign policy results from a series of rational steps, institutionalised and developed within an organisational structure. This statement helps us define a body of doctrines for the EU's Latin America foreign policy. This policy is aiming for a more and more stable world, confirming that security stands at its heart, with the search for interdependence being its method and cooperation its tool
Castor, Catherine. "Le principe démocratique dans le droit de l'Union européenne." Paris 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA020065.
Full textBruno, Isabelle. "Déchiffrer l'"Europe compétitive" : étude du benchmarking comme technique de coordination intergouvernementale dans le cadre de la stratégie de Lisbonne." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006IEPP0036.
Full textThis PhD thesis deals with the political implications of using benchmarking as a technique of intergovernmental co-ordination in the framework of the Lisbon strategy. The first part the course of this managerial tool, developed by Japanese industry in the fifties, and then codified by quality management in the United States. Imported in state administration by the New Public Management, this means of steering and monitoring organizations has spread in the European Union through the Industry DG and the ERT. In March 2000, the heads of state or government set benchmarking as the centerpiece of a decennial program, in order to make the EU « become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world ». Cornerstone of the « open method of co-ordination, benchmarking consists in assessing comparatively national performances. This exercise is based on statistical indicators, scoreboards and international charts. By mediating the intergovernmental relations, it is supposed to generate emulation and prompt decision-makers to arrange business-friendly regulatory environment. The second part presents two empirical case studies which shed light on the way benchmarking guides the European construction. The one shows how it shapes the « European Research Area » as a competitiveness-oriented market. The other brings out its failures as a social inclusion catalyst
Senemek, Nuri. "La Politique commerciale endogène : les enseignements de l'expérience européenne (1982-1996)." Lille 1, 2003. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/a00647e2-2482-44ae-a8f4-721c636308b2.
Full textChort, Stéphanie. "La concentration bancaire en Europe : effets économiques et contrôle concurrentiel." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40033.
Full textJayet, Cyril. "État-nation et ordre politique européen : quels dilemmes entre diversité, légitimité politique et solidarité ? Essais sur les identités nationales, le nationalisme et l'intégration européenne." Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0113.
Full textThis dissertation shows that nationalism and national identities do not shape modem society and do not stand in the way of multiculturalism and the European integration. I contend that principles stemming from the recognition theory and from the theory of justice are much more able to legitimize a European political order than the pursuit of a cultural homogeneity or an identity. This thesis is defended in three parts; each one contains a theoretical analysis of the existing literature and quantitative investigations using international surveys (International Social Survey Programme, European Values Studiy, and Eurobarometer) as well as a national one (Trajectoire et Origines). The first part deals with the meaning of the concept of nation and the diversity of its use. The second one investigates the relations between the feelings toward national belonging, political legitimacy, and solidarity. The third one covers a period of thirty years (1978-2012) and examines attitudes toward European integration, its image and the fears it causes. Most of the results evidence that despite the importance of national identities, they do not le ad to a dilemma between diversity on the one hand, political legitimacy and solidarity on the other hand. This shows how ill-fonded are the assertion of a "progressist dilemma" or the critics toward the building of a supranational political order
Gonfrier, Olivier. "La politique commerciale de la Communauté européenne et de ses Etats membres à l'épreuve de l'Organisation mondiale du commerce." Paris 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA020071.
Full textDiaw, Alioune Badara. "La politique des transports maritimes entre la Communauté européenne et les pays africains." Nantes, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996NANT4007.
Full textThe west african countries, in their shipping relations with the european community are now stranded. It is therefore absolutely necessary to elaborate a new maritime politics. During the independence, the african countries thought that a balanced relationship was going to be established, within the framework of the united nations organisation conventions concerning a code of conduct of liner conference. Within roughly twenty years after the independence, the general princips about the code of conduct have shown its weekness, because of the recent changes in the international relations. Following the protests emanating from the developing countries, the united nations conference for trade and development (u. N. C. T. A. D) adopted, in 1974, a code of conduct of liner conferences. One of the essential finalities poursued was to balanced the interest between transporting countries (developed countries) and the loading countries (developing countries). Some of these developing countries have benefitted from this code to ensure the expansion of there commercial fleet. The african countries have not succeeded in doing the same. There are two fundamental reasons why they have failed : these countries have decided to apply the code of conduct in the sphere of regional cooperation, but they have not given themselves any strategical means. They have not respected their engagements, and their institutional organes have not functioned as expected
Guillat, Joséphine. "Assurance qualité de l'information médicale : publicité et conditionnements." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P175.
Full textDeisting, Florent. "Convergence réelle et nominale entre les pays du sud et de l'est de la Méditerranée et les pays du sud de l'Union européenne." Pau, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PAUU2017.
Full textFor several decades the MENA's Countries engaged in processes of transformation which were concretized by the implementation of many action plans (plane of adjustment structural,. . . ). Even if all these countries did not reach the same level of advance in the reforms, one awaits these policies which they support the process of growth and economic development. These reformes accompanied a more general movement by liberalization of the economies to the international level. From this point of view the MENA did not make exception. On the one hand, as of the years 1950, the first South-South agreements were born ; in addition the Euro-Mediterranean partnership, or agreements today are rather well encircled. It is initially a question of increasing the size of the markets, to profit from economies of scale. In second place, the diversification of the commercial exchanges by the suppression of the tariffs in the regional agreement (trade intra-connects). Lastly it is a question of operating a process of stabilization monetary, essential condition with a sustainable development of the countries. From this point of view, the objective of this work will be to analyze thoroughly the economic phenomenon of convergence of the MENA and to deduce some from the political reform proposals, economically effective but also socially acceptable, so that the least advenced countries can make a movement of correction. To treat these dynamic ones, one will initially retain a panel of 16 countries, representative of widened a Mediterranean zone