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Araujo, João Paulo de. "A communication-efficient causal broadcast publish/subscribe system." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS081.
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La Publication/Abonnement (Publish/Subscribe, Pub/Sub) est un paradigme qui permet aux nœuds d'un système distribué de diffuser des informations de manière asynchrone. Cette thèse s'intéresse aux systèmes de Pub/Sub basés sur des sujets (topic-based), en adressant les problèmes de performances et de contention existant dans plusieurs approches reposant sur des arbres. Les solutions proposées utilisent la construction d'arbres couvrants regroupant les abonnés et dont les racines sont les émetteurs. Les arbres associés à différentes sources sont organisés différemment. La première contribution de la thèse propose un protocole de diffusion causal agrégeant des messages et dans lequel aucun temporisateur n'est nécessaire. Le protocole regroupe les messages en un seul message sans utiliser des temporisateurs en tirant parti du délai de livraison supplémentaire imposé à un nœud lorsque les messages sont reçus en dehors de l'ordre causal ainsi que des intersections existantes entre des arbres couvrants. La deuxième contribution est un système de Pub/Sub par sujet, VCube-PS, qui assure l'ordre de traitement causal des messages publiés sur un même sujet et gère efficacement la publication de messages sur des sujets très populaires ("hot topics"). Les résultats des simulations confirment que le protocole d'agrégation causale proposé réduit le trafic réseau ainsi que des latences de livraison, en limitant la contention de messages. Comparé à une approche utilisant un seul arbre par sujet, VCube-PS repartit mieux la charge lors de publications massives sur des "hot topic"<br>The Publish/Subscribe (Pub/Sub) paradigm enables nodes of a distributed system to disseminate information asynchronously. This thesis investigates how to provide a communication-efficient topic-based Pub/Sub system by addressing the problems of traffic overhead and message contention, present in several tree-based solutions. The proposed contributions build distributed spanning trees on top of a hypercube-like topology, such that the source of each message is the root of its own dynamically built spanning tree. Trees rooted at different nodes are differently organized. Initially, it is proposed a causal broadcast protocol which reduces network traffic by aggregating messages without the use of timers. It exploits the causal relation between messages and path intersections between different trees. Different from existing timer-based approaches, it does not increase delivery latency. The second contribution is a topic-based Pub/Sub system, VCube-PS, which ensures causal delivery order for messages published to the same topic and efficiently supports publication of messages to "hot topics'', i.e., topics with high publication rates. Simulation results confirm that the proposed causal aggregation protocol reduces network traffic as well as delivery latencies since there is less message contention. Compared to an approach that uses one single tree per topic, VCube-PS performs better when there is a high publication rate per topic since it provides load balancing of publication
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Eslami, Mohammad Zarifi. "A Presence Server for Context-aware Applications." Thesis, KTH, Kommunikationssystem, CoS, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-91937.
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This master’s thesis project “A Presence Server for Context-aware Applications” was carried out at KTH Center for Wireless Systems (Wireless@KTH). The overall goal of this thesis project is to implement a context aware infrastructure to serve as middleware for different kinds of context aware applications, such as a context-aware printing application, location based notifier application, etc. This thesis examines different types of context aware architectures and considers different forms of context modeling. Additionally the thesis also explores some of the related technology, in order to provide the reader with suitable background information to understand the rest of the thesis. By using the SIP Express Router (SER) and its presence module (pa) a context server has been designed, implemented, and evaluated. Evaluation reveals that the critical bottleneck is the increasing service time as the number of Publish messages for different events in the SER database increases, i.e. the time required for handling and sending the Notify messages when a new Publish message is received increases as a function of the number of earlier Publish messages. The evaluation also shows that the dependence of SER upon the MySQL database as incorrect database queries can cause SER to crash. Additionally the performance of the database limits the performance of the context server. A number of future improvements are necessary to address security issues (in particular the authentication of Watchers) and adding policy based control in order to send Notify messages only to the Watchers authorized to receive information for a specific event.<br>Examensarbetet "A Presence Server for Context-aware Applications" genomfördes på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan, KTH Center for Wireless Systems (Wireless@KTH). Det övergripande målet med detta examensarbetsprojekt är att implementera en kontextmedveten infrastruktur som fungerar som "middleware" för olika typer av kontextmedvetna applikationer. Exempel på dessa är kontextmedveten utskriftsapplikation och platsberoende meddelarapplikation osv. Rapporten undersöker olika typer av kontextmedvetna arkitekturer och betraktar olika former av kontextmodellering. Rapporten utforskar även vissa besläktade teknologier för att kunna tillhandahålla läsaren med en passande bakgrundsinformation och därmed öka förståelsen för resten av examensarbetet. Genom att använda Sip Express Routern (SER) och dess närvaromodul (presence module, PA) har en kontextserver designats, implementerats och utvärderats. Utvärderingen visar att den kritiska flaskhalsen är tiden det tar för SER servern att svara på nya Publish meddelanden, för olika händelser, i SER databasen. Svarstiden ökar allteftersom databasen fylls med mer data. Detta påverkar hantering och sänding av Notify meddelande när en ny Publish meddelande är mottagen. Uvärderingen visar också att en viktig fråga är relationen mellan SER servern och MySQL databasen, eftersom felaktiga förfrågningar till databasen kan krascha SER servern. De viktigaste framtida förbättringarna är säkerhetsaspekter (mer specifikt autenticering av Watchers) och tillägg av policybaserad sändning av Notify meddelanden endast till auktoriserade Watchers för specifika händelser.
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Schnell, Felicia. "Multicast Communication for Increased Data Exchange in Data- Intensive Distributed Systems." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-232132.
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Modern applications are required to handle and communicate an increasing amount of data. Meanwhile, distributed systems containing multiple computationally weak components becomes more common, resulting in a problematic situation. Choosing among communication strategies, used for delivering message between entities, therefore becomes crucial in order to efficiently utilize available resources. Systems where identical data is delivered to many recipients are common nowadays, but may apply an underlying communication strategy based on direct interaction between sender and receiver which is insufficient. Multicasting refers to a technique for group communication where messages can be distributed to participating nodes in a single transmission. This technique is developed to circumvent the problem of high workload on sender side and redundant traffic in the network, and constitutes the focus for this thesis. Within the area of Electronic Warfare and self-protection systems, time constitutes a critical aspect in order to provide relevant information for decision making. Self-protection systems developed by Saab, used in military aircrafts, must provide situational awareness to guarantee that correct decisions can be made at the right time. With more advanced systems, where the amount of data needed to be transmitted increases, the need of fast communication is essential to achieve quality of service. This thesis investigates how the deployment of multicast, in a distributed data-intensive system, could prepare a system for increased data exchange. The result is a communication design which allows for the system to distribute messages to a group of receivers with less effort from the sender and with reduced redundant traffic transferred over the same link. Comparative measurements are conducted between the new implementation and the old system. The result of the evaluation shows that the multicast solution both can decrease the time for message handling as well as the workload on endpoints significantly.<br>Nutidens applikationer måste kunna hantera och kommunicera en ökad datamängd. Samtidigt har distribuerade system bestående av många beräkningsmässigt svaga enheter blivit allt mer vanligt, vilket är problematiskt. Valet av kommunikationsstrategi, för att leverera data mellan enheter i ett system, är därför av stor betydelse för att uppnå effektivt utnyttjande av tillgängliga resurser. System där identisk information ska distribueras till flertalet mottagare är vanligt förekommande idag. Den underliggande kommunikationsstrategin som används kan dock baseras på direkt interaktion mellan sändare och mottagare vilket är ineffektivt. Multicast (Flersändning) syftar till ett samlingsbegrepp inom datorkommunikation baserat på gruppsändning av information. Denna teknik är utvecklad för att kringgå problematiken med hög belastning på sändarsidan och dessutom minska belastningen på nätverket, och utgör fokus för detta arbete. Inom telekrigföring och självskyddssystem utgör tiden en betydande faktor för att kunna tillhandahålla relevant information som kan stödja beslutsfattning. För självskyddssystem utvecklade av Saab, vilka används i militärflygplan, är situationsmedvetenhet av stor betydelse då det möjliggör för att korrekta beslut kan tas vid rätt tidpunkt. Genom utvecklingen av mer avancerade system, där mängden meddelanden som måste passera genom nätverket ökar, tillkommer höga krav på snabb kommunikation för att kunna åstadkomma kvalité. Denna uppsatsrapport undersöker hur införandet av multicast, i ett dataintensivt distribuerat system, kan förbereda ett system för ökat datautbyte. Arbetet har resulterat i en kommunikationsdesign som gör det möjligt för systemet att distribuera meddelanden till grupp av mottagare med minskad belastning på sändarsidan och mindre redundant trafik på de utgående länkarna. Jämförandet mätningar har gjorts mellan den nya implementationen och det gamla systemet. Resultaten visar att multicast-lösningen både kan reducera tiden för meddelande hantering samt belastningen på ändnoder avsevärt.
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Karlsson, Jonathan. "Network protocol for distribution and handling of data from JAS 39 Gripen." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Programvara och system, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-121241.
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On board the aircraft JAS 39 Gripen a measuring system, Data Acquisition System (DAS), is sending sensor data to a server on the ground. In this master thesis, a unified API for distribution and handling of the sensor data is designed and implemented. The work has been carried out at Saab Aeronautics, Linköping during, 2014. During flights with the aircraft the engineers at Saab need to monitor different sensors in the aircraft, including the exact commands of the pilots. All that data is serialized and sent via radio link to a server at Saab. The current data distribution solution includes several clients that need to connect to the server. Each client has its own connection protocol, making the system complex and difficult to maintain. An API is needed in order to make the clients connect in a unified manner. This would also enable future clients to implement the API and start receiving sensor data from the server. The research conducted in the thesis project was centered on the different choices that exist for designing such an API. The question that needed answering was; how can an existing complex system can be replaced by a publish-subscribe system and what the benefits would be in terms of latency and flexibility of the system? The design would have to be flexible enough to support multiple clients. The investigated research question was answered with a design utilizing ZMQ, pthreads and a design pattern. The result is a flexible system that was sufficiently fast for the requirements set at Saab and open to future extensions. The thesis work also included designing a unified API with requirements on latency and functionality. The resulting API was designed using the publish-subscribe design pattern, the network library Zero Message Queue (ZMQ) and the threading library pthreads. The resulting system supports multiple coexisting servers and clients that request sensor data. A new feature is that the clients can start sending calculations performed on samples to other clients. To demonstrate that the solution provides a unified framework, two existing clients and the server were developed with the proposed API. To test the latency requirements, tests were performed in the control room at Saab.
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Umphrey, Laura Ruth. "The effects of message framing and message processing on cognitive and behavioral outcomes: An examination of breast self-examination messages." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290290.
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This study examined the effects of message framing, message processing and issue involvement on breast self-examination attitudes and behaviors. A health frame message processing model was developed and tested in the context of a detection behavior based on prospect theory (Tversky & Kahneman, 1981) and the heuristic-systematic model (HSM) (Chaiken, 1980). Participants were exposed to either a gain frame message emphasizing the consequences of performing breast self-examinations or a loss frame message emphasizing the consequences of not performing breast self-examinations. Women who were classified as defensive processors displayed maladaptive responses in the form of minimization or denial of the health issue in a thought-listing task following exposure to the message stimuli. The results of the study indicated that (a) women with less self-efficacy engaged in maladaptive responses; (b) there were no framing-related differences in attitudes for high involvement women who processed the messages objectively; (c) high involvement women who engaged in defensive processing responded more negatively to the loss frame message than the gain frame message; (d) attitudes were significant predictors of behavioral intentions; (e) behavioral intentions were significant predictors of behaviors; and (f) low involvement women who received loss frame messages felt more susceptible to breast cancer than low involvement women who received gain frame messages. Limitations, suggestions for future research, and implications for health care professionals are discussed.
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Grant, Lisanne F. M. "Dimensions and Validation of Perceived Message Sensation Value Scale for Print Messages." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/29.
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The purpose of this research project was to develop a reliable and valid scale to assess the perceived message sensation value (PMSV) of print messages. The goal of this project was accomplished by conducting two studies. Study one involved collecting 397 undergraduate students’ responses to one high and one low sensation value anti-smoking message, while for study two, 284 undergraduate students’ responses to one high and one low sensation value anti-crystal meth message were collected. The results of the studies highlighted that the PMSV of a print message can be assessed using three dimensions (emotional arousal, novelty, and dramatic impact) and 12 items. Additionally, the newly developed PMSV scale for print messages remained stable across sensation-seeking levels and two different sets of anti-drug messages. Analysis of the data collected also provided support for the convergent, divergent, and predictive validity of the PMSV scale for print messages. Furthermore, from the data it can be inferred that PMSV is an important element that contributes to perceived message effectiveness and attitude towards the ad. The findings associated with this research project also suggest that both high and low sensation seekers preferred high over low sensation value print messages. Lastly, the implications of the PMSV scale for print messages were addressed.
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Choi, Youjin. "Influences of sensation seeking, perceived message sensation value, and fear appeals on effectiveness of anti-smoking public service announcement messages /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099614.
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Daubeuf, Sandrine. "Régulation de la gamma-glutamyltransférase humaine et effet de sa surexpression sur la cytotoxicité des anticancéreux dérivés du platine." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0315_DAUBEUF.pdf.
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La y-glutamyl transferase (GG1) est une enzyme clé dans le métabolisme du giutathion (GSH),mais malgré son importance physiologique, les mécanismes de régulation de la GGT humaine sont très malconnus à cause de la complexité de son organisation génomique. Le premier objectif de notre travail était l'étude de la régulation du gène l (seul gène codant pour une protéine active) dans différentes lignées cellulaires. Nous avons montré qu'en réponse au TP A, aubutyrate de sodium, ou au TNFa, les modulations globales des 3 messagers issus du gène l (ARNm IA, IB eIc) reflètent la modulation de l'activité GGT. Cependant ces 3 ARNm sont régulés de manière indépendante et spécifique de la lignée considérée. Ces résultats montrent que les 3 ARNm issus du gène l sont probab1ement transcrits à partir de promoteurs indépendants, régulés différemment selon le modèlecellulaire. Nous avons ensuite étudié la régulation du promoteur B (dirigeant la transcription de l'ARNm IB)de la GGT humaine (seul promoteur décrit à l'heure actuelle) et nous avons montré que ce promoteur est induit par le TP A dans 2 lignées cellulaires. Cette induction passe par la fixation du facteur AP1 (composé d'une sous unité cJun au moins) à l'un des 3 sites AP1 proximaux étudiés. Nous avons également montré que 1es séquences situées en amont de ces sites AP1 sont impliquées dans la modulation de l'induction par le TP A et dans sa spécificité cellulaire. Enfin, nous avons localisé, cloné et partiellement caractérisé un nouveau promoteur sur le gène l humain de la GGT : celui qui dirige la transciption des ARNm Ic. Le second objectif de notre travail était de déterminer le rôle de la GGT dans la réponse cellulaire au cisplatine (CDDP) et au carboplatine, couramment utilisés en chimiothérapie. Nous avons montré qu'une des réponses rapides des cellules HeLa à un traitement par l'un de ces agents résulte en une induction du taux de GSH intracellulaire et de l'activité GGT ce qui laisse supposer un rôle important pour la GGT dans la réponse aux dérivés du platine. Nous avons utilisé une lignée HeLa isogénique, transfectée par l'ADNc de la GGT humaine (HeLa-GG1) qui expriment l'enzyme à un niveau 10 fois supérieur à celui de la lignée parentale HeLa. Cette lignée a permis de montrer que les cellules HeLa-GGT possèdent une résistance accrue aux CDDP et au carboplatine lorsque du GSH extracellulaire est fourni aux cellules. Dansle cas du carboplatine, la résistance est directement corrélée au taux de GSH intracellulaire. En revanche, le contenu intracellulaire en GSH ne semble pas être un facteur déterminant pour la réponse au CDDP dans notre modèle. En effet, les cellules HeLa cultivées dans un milieu complet possèdent un fort taux de GSHb intracellulaire et lorsque le milieu de culture est appauvri en cystéine elles perdent plus de 80 % de leur pool (indépendamment de leur activité GGT). Or, la cytotoxicité du CDDP est comparable dans ces deux conditions de culture. Afin d'expliquer la plus grande résistance des cellules HeLa-GGT au CDDP lorsque du GSH extracellulaire est fourni, nous avons étudié le catabolisme du GSH par la GGT au niveau extracellulaire. Nous avons alors montré que le CDDP est capable d'interagir avec le produit de dégradation du GSH par la GGT : la CysGly. Ce composé est d'ailleurs plus réactif que le GSH et il forme des adduits avec le CDDP 10 fois plus rapidement que le GSH. Nous avons également été capables de détecter cet adduit dans 1e milieu extracellulaire des cellules HeLa-GGT incubées en présence de CDDP et de GSH. Nous suggérons que ce mécanisme dépendant de la GGT pourrait être impliqué dans la résistance des ceUules au CDDP en diminuant la quantité de CDDP disponible et/ou sa toxicité.
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Epega, Titilola O. "Factors influencing the perceived credibility of public relations message sources." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002449.
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Schuch, Andrea. "An experimental analysis of activist message strategy effect on receiver variables." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002251.
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Van, de Vord Rebecca. "The influence of individual predispositions on measures of message encoding." Online access for everyone, 2005. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Spring2005/R%5FVan%5Fde%5FVord%5F050305.pdf.
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Gallo, Andrew M. "Risk Communication: An Analysis of Message Source and Function in Hurricane Mitigation/Preparedness Communication." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0003281.
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Bezuidenhout, Sonja. "Evaluating audience responses to promotional messages." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020280.
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This study explored the guidelines advocated by selected media content analysis with the aim of identifying effective approaches to evaluate audience responses to promotional messages. Drawing from literature and documented deliberations by industry professionals, content-specific analysis protocols were applied and tested using a case study representing topic-specific responses to the Two Oceans Quay 5 product launch. In doing so, a logical observation of the communication in unpaid media placements and relevant discussions distributed in public media channels was completed. It is in this sense that this research enriches the study of public relations with a particular focus on output-driven evaluation. It provides insights into qualitative and quantitative publicity measurement and suggests how these methods can be useful to explicate the impact of media coverage as a public relations element. While it largely focused on discovering improved media content analysis solutions, this study revealed that content-driven analysis can only be useful when its protocols are aligned with the context of the data and if communication practitioners remain aware and transparent of its subjectivity. In this regard, this study helps to generate an understanding of the subjective dynamic of public relations and the importance of in-depth and adaptable publicity assessments to help distinguish public relations as a purposeful branding function next to advertising and marketing.
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Navet, Nicolas. "Évaluation de performances temporelles et optimisation de l'ordonnancement de tâches et messages." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_NAVET_N.pdf.
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Notre premier objectif est de proposer des méthodes et des outils de vérification du respect des contraintes temporelles d'une application temps réel. Le principal cadre d'application de nos travaux est celui des applications embarquées dans l'automobile distribuées autour d'un réseau CAN. La validation est menée en couplant les techniques de vérification : simulation, analyse et observation sur prototypes. L’apport principal de cette thèse réside en la conception de modèles analytiques qui fournissent des bornes sur les métriques de performance considérées (temps de réponse, probabilité de non-respect des échéances) ou permettant d'évaluer l'occurrence d'événements rares (temps d'atteinte de l'état bus-off d'une station CAN). Nous proposons également une analyse d'ordonnancabilité des applications s'exécutant sur des systèmes d'exploitation se conformant au standard posix1003. 1b. Ensuite, considérant qu'il existe généralement plusieurs solutions d'ordonnancement faisables à un même problème, nous avons défini des critères de choix et avons expérimenté une approche, utilisant un algorithme génétique, pour parcourir l'espace des solutions. Notre second objectif est d'étudier des mécanismes d'ordonnancement qui garantissent le respect des échéances du trafic a contraintes strictes tout en minimisant les temps de réponse du trafic a contraintes souples. Nous évaluons les performances de la politique dual-priority pour l'ordonnancement de messages. Pour son utilisation dans des environnements bruites, nous proposons un mécanisme simple donnant des garanties sur la qualité de service exprimée en termes de probabilité de respect des échéances et s'adaptant en-ligne a des conditions de perturbations variables. Nous proposons également une politique concurrente, basée sur une technique de lissage de flux, qui est d'une mise en oeuvre plus aisée. Cette politique préserve la faisabilité du système et sa faible complexité algorithmique permet son utilisation en-ligne.
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Hayashi, Hanae. "Communication to Promote Healthier Behaviors – Understanding the Roles of Channels and Message Formats." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:32644539.
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Communication has been used to change people’s health knowledge, attitudes and behaviors, and it is critical for improving people’s lives, especially those who are in a disadvantaged group. Many studies suggest that communication is a powerful tool when it is used effectively for these population groups. In this dissertation I explored the roles of channels and message formats among vulnerable populations. Paper 1 investigated interpersonal diffusion of health information, specifically health information mavenism among people over age 65 in Japan, identifying the characteristics of health information mavens and whether they behave more healthily or report better health status. The study found that health information mavens can be a potential channel to facilitate word-of-mouth communication among the elderly, who are considered as a disadvantaged group.
Paper 2 explored the impact of discrete emotions to Graphic Health Warnings (GHWs) on tobacco-related outcomes among smokers and non-smokers from lower socioeconomic status (SES) in the U.S. The paper researched the relationship between different discrete emotional reactions and smoking cessation-related cognitive outcomes. It demonstrated the importance of focusing on discrete emotional reactions and the intensity of the discrete emotional reactions that GHWs induce, beyond positive or negative valence, on tobacco-related outcomes.
Paper 3 examined segmentation, specifically focusing the effectiveness of matched GHWs by race, gender, and chronic disease conditions on cognitive outcomes among smokers in vulnerable populations. It assessed whether the GHWs matched with the image of particular groups, in terms of race, gender and chronic disease conditions, increases risk perception and intention to quit smoking among the intended audience. Segmentation showed the increased effect for risk perception among female-targeted GHWs, however, the increased effect was not shown for other groups and outcomes. Further research is needed to investigate whether segmentation works for matched groups.
The findings not only make contribution to the literature by generating new evidence on the role of channels and formats, but also contribute to practice by offering practical implications for program and strategy development in health communications among vulnerable population.
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Pépin, Lambert. "Fouille exploratoire de messages publiés sur Twitter pour l’aide à la décision." Nantes, 2015. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=abd8000e-86fd-4504-90a7-56c596eeaa59.
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Depuis son lancement en 2006, Twitter n’a cessé de gagner en popularité et s’est maintenant installé dans une position d’acteur incontournable de la diffusion d’information. Son utilisation s’est démocratisée et ce nouveau canal de communication fait maintenant partie intégrante des stratégies décisionnelles de la gestion de la relation client. Si la compréhension du langage naturel est depuis longtemps au coeur des enjeux industriels, les données issues de Twitter introduisent de nouvelles contraintes qui invalident les approches classiques. Ces textes informels sont courts, contiennent de nombreuses innovations linguistiques et traitent de sujets variés qui s’enchaînent à un rythme journalier. Dans cette thèse, nous nous sommes placés dans un contexte de fouille exploratoire permettant, en collaboration étroite avec un expert de l’entreprise, d’évaluer plusieurs approches sans a priori sur les données. L’application de méthodes, traitant aussi bien les documents dans leur ensemble que les termes individuellement, a montré la nécessité de se placer à un niveau de granularité intermédiaire afin de construire des connaissances suivies dans ce contexte de forte nouveauté. Pour ce faire, nous proposons une approche adaptant la capacité d’abstraction des modèles de thèmes ("Topic Models") aux flux de textes dynamiques. En effet, ces modèles probabilistes permettent de modéliser des thématiques à différents niveaux de granularité et peuvent être combinés afin de suivre leurs évolutions temporelles. Notre méthodologie, qui en sus de la phase d’extraction des thèmes s’appuie sur une restitution visuelle interactive de l’évolution temporelle de leurs relations fait tout particulièrement sens dans le domaine très actif de la modélisation de thématiques puisqu’elle permet d’intégrer facilement de nouveaux modèles apportant des connaissances supplémentaires<br>Since its launch in 2006, Twitter’s popularity grows bigger and bigger and the miccroblogging service has now become a major platform of information diffusion. Twitter has reach a massive popularity and this new communication tool is now part of all decision making strategies in customer relationship management systems. If the understanding of natural language is, for a long time, at the core of industrial needs, Twitter’s data brings new constraints making classical approaches obsoletes. These informal texts are shorts, they contain many innovative spellings and deal with various subject matter evolving on a daily basis. In this thesis, we use the paradigm of visual analytics in order to evaluate different approaches in collaboration with a domain expert. The application of methods, dealing with both documents and individual terms, shows that an intermediate level of abstraction is needed to model the evolution of informative knowledge in a context of concept drift. To do so, we propose a methodology taking advantage of the latent semantic extracted by topic models to analyze text streams. Indeed, these probabilistic models extract topics at various granularity levels and can be combined to model their temporal evolution. Our methodology, which both extract topics and provide an interactive visualization of their evolution, is particularly well suited in the fast evolving domain of topic modeling since it is able to easily integrate new models bringing additional knowledge
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Lanza, Beatriz Barreto Brasileiro. "Configurações e modelo de negócios em governo móvel : o uso do short message service (SMS)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/43951.
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Orientador : Prof. Dr. Fernando Antonio Prado Gimenez<br>Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Defesa: Curitiba, 04/08/2016<br>Inclui referências : f. 199-211<br>Área de concentração: Inovação & tecnologia<br>Resumo: Com mais de uma década de projetos de governo móvel no Brasil e dos números da expansão dos telefones móveis em todas as camadas da população, estes dispositivos ainda não são um canal para a disponibilização em massa de serviços públicos. Apesar do relativo sucesso de algumas aplicações e dos números crescentes da telefonia móvel no Brasil, o governo móvel não evoluiu como um canal privilegiado de prestação de serviços ao cidadão. Visando averiguar a configuração de projetos mGov na prática, esta pesquisa alicerça-se na seguinte questão: como dimensões ambientais, estruturais, de liderança, estratégicas e de sustentabilidade configuram-se em modelos de negócio de mGov? O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar modelos de negócios em governo móvel sob a ótica da Teoria da Configuração. A pesquisa teve caráter qualitativo com estudo de casos múltiplos baseado na análise de vinte projetos de mGov utilizando SMS no governo do Paraná. Foram construídos os ciclos de vida dos vinte casos estudados, do nascimento à fase de sobrevivência. Foram percebidas associações entre os fatores levantados na Teoria da Configuração e as dimensões do Modelo de Negócios. No Modelo de Negócios proposto todas as nove dimensões estão presentes, no entanto algumas delas mostram-se mais presentes dependendo da fase de vida do projeto. A maior contribuição desta tese reside na proposição de um Modelo de Negócios dinâmico em governo móvel utilizando a tecnologia SMS, baseado nas fases de vida dos projetos. Palavras-chave: governo móvel, governo eletrônico, teoria da configuração, modelo de negócios<br>Abstract: After over a decade of mobile government projects in Brazil and expansion of mobile telephone numbers in all sections of the population, these devices are not yet a channel for mass delivery of public services. Despite the relative success of some growing applications and the number of mobile telephony in Brazil, mobile government did not evolved as a privileged channel for providing services to citizens. Aiming to verify the configuration of mobile government projects in practice, this research is founded on the following question: how environment, structure, leadership, strategy and sustainability configure up in mobile government business models? The aim of this study was to investigate business models for mobile government from the perspective of the Configuration Theory. This Theory was used to survey and describe the factors encompassed in five imperatives to explain the behavior of the organizations involved in this process. It was also used Business Models to describe the logic of creating, delivering and capturing value for organizations. The research has a qualitative character with multiple cases studies based on the analysis of twenty Mobile Government projects using short message service (SMS) in the government of Paraná, with content analysis and validation of data. The life cycles of the twenty cases were constructed, from birth to survival phase. Associations were noted among the factors raised in the Configuration Theory and dimensions of the Business Model. In the business model proposed all nine dimensions are present, but some of them show up more present depending on the project's stage. The major contribution of this thesis lies in the proposition of a model of dynamic Business Model in Mobile Government using SMS technology, based on the phases of the project life cycle. Key words: mobile government, electronic government, configuration theory, business model
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Morgan, Susan Elaine 1967. "Metaphorical messages and the literal-minded: Accounting for individual cognitive differences in the design of persuasive health messages." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282312.
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Although metaphor has been a subject of study for centuries, few experimental studies have attempted to demonstrate the persuasive power of messages containing metaphors. Moreover, it is rarely acknowledged that metaphors and analogies can serve as valuable tools to tailor messages to the values of culturally diverse populations. This dissertation outlines the utility of incorporating metaphors and analogies within persuasive messages and advances a method for generating culturally appropriate metaphors and analogies. The literature on the neurophysiological basis of figurative language processing is reviewed in an attempt to uncover the origin of the persuasive power of metaphor. This literature leads to the development of the concept of Literal Mindedness as a way to explain individual differences in responses to figurative language. The Literal Mindedness Inventory is developed as part of this dissertation research, and its convergent validity with Need for Cognition also is established. Finally, an experiment was conducted to test the effect of metaphors and analogies and Literal Minedness on persuasion. To assess the effect of metaphors and analogies on the reception of persuasive health messages (HIV prevention/pro-condom messages), nine messages representing three levels of metaphors and analogies were tested on outcome measures such as fear, efficacy, message evaluation, and knowledge and attitudes. The hypotheses advanced in this study were partially supported, and form the basis of a number of recommendations for future research.
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Heidelberg, Brea M. "The Language of Cultural Policy Advocacy: Leadership, Message, and Rhetorical Style." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1355929499.
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Ramaccia, Julie Brady. "What am I Eating? The Use of Health and Environmental Messages in Predicting a Sustainable Diet." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1304384504.
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Folta, Sara C. "Using school public address (PA) systems to deliver nutrition messages to children /." Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Tufts University, 2005.<br>Adviser: Jeanne P. Goldberg. Submitted to the School of Nutrition Science and Policy. Includes bibliographical references. Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
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Courser, Matthew William. "Elite messages and public opinion the case of the Ohio Supreme Court /." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1060118142.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.<br>Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 260p.; also includes graphics. Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Lawrence Baum, Dept. of Political Science. Includes bibliographical references (p. 257-260).
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Sorenson, Vanessa Nicole. "Messages to the public : Krzysztof Wodiczko and Jenny Holzer vs. the Reagan revolution." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/30494.
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In the week preceding the 1984 United States presidential election, Jenny Holzer and Krzysztof Wodiczko presented ephemeral works of art in public spaces in Manhattan that addressed the election and were highly critical of President Ronald Reagan. Previous considerations of Wodiczko’s AT&T projection, Holzer’s Sign on a Truck and the larger public art movement of that time have emphasized a post-structuralist interpretation, neglecting the applied political aspects in favour of their theoretical underpinnings. With a move towards the practical aspects of the works, this thesis examines the conditions that led to the presentation of these two works and considers what they can teach us about the larger practice of political public art during that period in New York. Chapter 1 considers the political, economic and artistic context of the United States—and New York in particular—in the early to mid 1980s. The Chapter 2 offers an analysis of Wodiczko’s AT&T projection, a night-time projection of the image of President Reagan’s French-cuffed hand onto the side of the AT&T Long Lines building, posed for a recognizable American ritual, the Pledge of Allegiance. Chapter 3 closely considers Sign on a Truck, for which Jenny Holzer deployed a giant screen, mounted on the side of an 18-wheeler truck, to display pre-recorded videos created by collaborating artists interspersed with “man-on-the-street” interviews commenting on the looming presidential election. By shedding the insightful yet constraining post-structural lens that has traditionally coloured the art historical understanding of these works, their essential educative aspects are revealed and a broader understanding is made possible, not only of these two artists and their respective projects, but also of the defense that was mounted by New York's public artists against the “Reagan Revolution.”
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Kim, Jangyul Robert. "An experimental test of public relations messages sidedness, and corporate goodwill and trustworthiness /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0015404.
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Solloway, Tyler. "Combining approach-gain and avoid-loss frames increases message effectiveness." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417619273.
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Kemp, Deena G. "Source credibility and public information campaigns : the effect of audience evaluations of organizational sponsors on message acceptance." [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2007. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002232.
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Krieger, Andrew. "Social Media Comment Sections and Their Effect on Message Framing: Implications for Political Communication and Public Relations." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1447954894.
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Cohen, Olivia D. "EMOTIONAL RESPONSES TO OPIOID PUBLIC SERVICE ANNOUNCEMENTS; TESTING TRAIT EMPATHY’S IMPACT ON MESSAGE PROCESSING AND ATTITUDE CHANGE." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1530122907056997.
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Sofia, Karlsson. "Advertising as Discourse : A study of print advertisements published in The New Yorker." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-45406.
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In this thesis, I am concerned with the language of advertising. By analyzing advertising from a discourse perspective, this paper further examines the context of communication and the participants’ roles in the context. This study focuses on commercial advertising, based on the assumption that the intended meaning of the advertiser is to persuade the viewer to perform a purchase. Therefore this study observes persuasive messages and how they are presented in advertising. To analyze and compare real texts from a discourse perspective present an opportunityto examine social changes that might have taken place in a society due to different temporal settings. The social changes are examined by comparing assigned gender roles in advertisements published in 1956 and advertisements published in 2014. The material consists of a total of eleven transcripts description of printed advertisements collected from The New Yorker. The examples used for this study have been hand picked to illustrate theories described in the background, such as those provided by Leech (1966), Hermerén (1999), Romaine (1999), Cronin (2000) and Hillier (2004). The framework for the analysis is based on Leech’s (1966) concept of primary and secondary situations with corresponding primary and secondary participants. The findings suggest that advertisers can persuade the viewer by addressing the viewer directly and by using exophoric references, or by inserting secondary participants to convey the message. In addition, the assigned role of women seems to have changed more than the assigned role of men in advertising discourse.
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Hinsenkamp, Lucas Daniel. "Extremity of a Persuasive Message Position Interacts with Argument Quality to Predict Attitude Change." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1531504453079987.
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Chik, Hsia-hui Alice, and 戚夏蕙. "Adolescents' critical reading of advertisements and public service messages: the interpretation of identitiesand meaning." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31944784.
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Hayes, Ryan L. "A qualitative examination of persuasive messages and ethical responsibility in the public relations industry." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2003. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=3245.
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Vos, Sarah. "USING SOCIAL NETWORKING SITES DURING PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES: THEORIZING THE DIFFUSION OF EFFECTIVE MESSAGES." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/comm_etds/45.
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During a public health crisis, officials need to communicate with the public quickly and accurately. Social networking sites (SNS) have been identified as an appropriate channel for this type of communication; however, few studies have examined what makes SNS messages effective. Further limiting research in this area is a lack of attention to theoretical constructs that may explain message effectiveness in SNS.
In this dissertation, I propose that diffusion of innovations (DOI) be used to understand SNS and message success on SNS. In doing so, I compare traditional message success (persuasion) to message success on SNS platforms (amplification) and provide a brief overview of relevant message design constructs. I then conduct a study to analyze Twitter messages from state and local health departments and federal government agencies charged with communicating to the public during a public health crisis to test these theoretical claims and identify message elements that increase SNS message amplification. The context of the study is the fall 2014 Ebola crisis in the United States. The messages are first classified using content analysis methods to identify message design elements related to content, structure, and style. The success of those elements, in terms of the influence they have on messages amplification, is then evaluated using negative binomial regression.
The results suggest that specific content (hazard information, response instruction, and official action), effective structure (word and image graphics), and key style choices (using figurative language, one hashtag or a keyword hashtag, and the first person) improve the amplification value of a message. Other choices, like mentioning another user, reduce the amplification value. These findings add to the evidence that suggests that DOI enhances scholars’ understanding of communication on SNS. In addition, the results demonstrate that messages can be conceptualized as innovations, and, as such, their characteristics influence the likelihood that they will be diffused through SNS platforms. The results suggest that those charged with communicating during a public health crisis use specific message strategies for SNS messages. These strategies include recommendations related to message content, message structure, and message style. Finally, the results suggest that scholars should continue research to understand the relationship between message design and message amplification in order to improve our knowledge of communication on SNS and help practitioners identify effective communication practices on this new and important channel. Research should also examine the relationship between persuasion and amplification in order to understand how amplification influences attitudes, behavioral intentions, and behavior in both those who amplify the message and in those who receive the message as a result of that amplification.
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Moore, Melanie P. "DEVELOPING AN EVIDENCE-BASED HIV TESTING MESSAGE FOR YOUNG AFRICAN AMERICAN WOMEN." VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5746.
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African American women have the highest rates of HIV infection among women of all racial/ethnic groups in the United States, and over 50% of HIV infected young adults are unaware of their infection. HIV testing is a cost-effective mechanism for reducing HIV transmission. Despite this, limited research has been devoted to developing interventions specifically promoting HIV testing. This two-part study proposed to address this gap through developing a culturally tailored HIV testing message aimed at increasing HIV test intentions among young African American women. Study 1 was a quantitative study that examined predictors of HIV testing history and future HIV test intentions among 109 African American women aged 18-24. Measures on sexual behavior, HIV knowledge, HIV conspiracy beliefs, gender role beliefs, gender ratio imbalance beliefs were included in the survey. Next, a culturally tailored HIV testing message was developed based on findings from Study 1 which identified significant predictors of HIV testing and HIV test intentions. Findings revealed that number of sexual partners, perceived barriers, and perceived benefits were significant predictors of past HIV testing. Number of sexual partners, perceived importance of HIV testing, and perceived seriousness were significant predictors of HIV test intentions in the next 3 months. Study 2 compared the exposure effect of the tailored health message to a generic HIV testing message on self-reported future HIV test intentions. Findings revealed no significant differences between the health message groups on future HIV test intentions. There were also no significant differences between groups on the message acceptability outcomes.
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Prokudin, Maria. "Étude de l’initiation de la traduction des ARNm des histones H2A, H2B, H3 et H4." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/PROKUDIN_Maria_2010.pdf.
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Chez les eucaryotes, l’initiation de la traduction des ARNm est un processus très contrôlé, qui dans le cas classique fait intervenir la coiffe en 5’ des ARNm et une douzaine de facteurs protéiques. Le sujet de ma thèse est l’étude du mode de l’initiation de la traduction des ARNm des histones H2A, H2B, H3 et H4. Ce sont des protéines essentielles, qui doivent être synthétisées de façon stoechiométrique afin de former les octamères d’histones, nécessaires à la compaction de l’ADN, et d’éviter la toxicité de leur forme libre. Les études effectuées au laboratoire sur l’ARNm d’H4 ont montré une très forte efficacité de traduction et un mode atypique de l’initiation de sa traduction, caractérisé par un recrutement interne du ribosome sur des éléments structuraux localisés au sein de sa séquence codante. Suite à la mise en évidence de la fixation interne et indépendante de la coiffe du facteur eIF4E sur l’ARNm d’H4, dans le premier volet de ma thèse j’ai caractérisé le site de fixation de ce facteur ainsi que l’impact qu’il pourrait avoir sur le déroulement de l’initiation de la traduction de cet ARNm. Dans la deuxième partie de mon travail de thèse, j’ai montré que le mode d’initiation de la traduction de l’ARNm d’H3 ressemblait fortement à celui d’H4, tandis qu’il était différent pour ceux d’H2A et H2B. L’étude plus approfondie des éléments en cis et en trans régulant la traduction de l’ARNm d’H3, et notamment la résolution de sa structure secondaire par des approches expérimentales et bioinformatiques, m’a permis en partie d’expliquer les caractéristiques de l’initiation de sa traduction atypique<br>In eukaryotes, mRNA translation initiation is a highly controlled process and in the classical way involves the cap at 5’ end of mRNA and twelve factors. The topic of my thesis is the study of translation initiation of histones H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 mRNA. Histones are essential proteins, that must be stoichiometrically synthesized, to form histones octamers, needed to compact the cell’s DNA, and to avoid the toxicity of their free form. Studies of H4 mRNA, made in the laboratory, showed very strong translation efficiency and an atypical translation initiation process, characterized with the internal recruitment of the ribosome, on structured elements inside the coding sequence. After showing the internal and cap-independent interaction of the eIF4E factor, in the first part of my thesis I characterized the interaction site of this factor and its possible impact on the translation initiation of H4 mRNA. In the second part of my PhD thesis, I showed that the translation initiation of H3 mRNA resembled that of H4 mRNA, whereas being different for H2A and H2B mRNA. A more thorough study of cis and trans acting elements regulating the translation initiation of H3 mRNA, and especially the resolution of this mRNA secondary structure by means of experimental and bioinformatical approaches, allowed me to partly explain the properties of this atypical process
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Jeong, Seongjung. "Relationships of cultural orientations to online public relations message preferences among United States and South Korean college students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2472.
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Guidry, Jeanine. "Designing Effective Messages to Promote Future Zika Vaccine Uptake." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5017.
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The Zika virus is associated with the devastating birth defect microcephaly, and while a vaccine was not yet available in early-2017, several were under development. It is imperative to identify effective communication strategies to promote uptake of a new vaccine, particularly among women of reproductive age. Moreover, though the Zika outbreak has received much social media attention, little is known about these conversations on Instagram. The purpose of this dissertation, therefore, was to understand current Zika-focused communication on Instagram and to inform effective communication strategies to promote future Zika vaccine uptake intent.
The study aims were: (1) explore Zika conversations on Instagram; (2) determine effective message characteristics to increase Zika vaccine uptake intent; and (3) explore salient demographic, healthcare, and psychosocial factors related to Zika vaccine uptake intent.
A content analysis of 1,000 Zika-focused Instagram posts, found that these messages primarily focus on perceived threat constructs, yet they elicited little engagement. In addition, 10% of all Instagram posts mentioned conspiracy theories, and these messages elicited high engagement.
A 2x2 online experiment tested the effect of message framing and visual type on Zika vaccine uptake intent. The 339 participants – all women of reproductive age – each were exposed to one of four messages (gain vs. loss-framed, and infographic vs. photo). There was no interaction effect of framing and visual type (p=.116), nor main effect of either framing (p=.185) or visual type (p=.724) on vaccine uptake intent. When testing the effect of these variables on those known to be predictors of behavioral intent, gain-framed messages were associated with higher subjective norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy.
Data from the same online survey was used to examine whether demographics, healthcare-related variables, and psychosocial variables predict Zika vaccine uptake intent. Attitude (p<.001), subjective norms (p=.002), perceived benefits (p=.001), self-efficacy (p=.031), perceived susceptibility (p=.030), and cues to action (p=.020) were predictive of higher Zika vaccine uptake intent, as was being African-American (p=.042).
In summary, messages promoting the Zika vaccine should be designed to complement the high perceived threat of Zika while activating positive social norms and perceived benefits in order to allow the public to respond efficaciously.
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Baig, Fauzia Ashraf. "A Comparison of Addiction and Efficacy Oriented Messages for Smoking Cessation." Thesis, University of Waterloo, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/720.
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Background: Tobacco use remains a major public health issue. Population-level efforts to curb tobacco use include media to promote smoking cessation. However, these campaigns (including tobacco package warning labels) commonly emphasize the addictiveness of nicotine and the difficulty of quitting with statements like ?nicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaine?. Addiction oriented messages may have an iatrogenic effect on cessation by undermining behavioural precursors such as self-efficacy, cessation outcome expectations, behavioural control, and quit-aid efficacy. <br /><br /> Objectives: First, to determine the effects of addiction focused messages in comparison to efficacy enhanced messages and control messages on smokers? self-efficacy, cessation outcome expectations, behavioural control, and quit-aid efficacy. Second, to determine if the impact of addiction focused messages differ according to participant nicotine dependency level. <br /><br /> Methods: A sample of adult smokers (n>101) from Kitchener/Waterloo and Owen Sound were randomly assigned into one of three intervention conditions: addiction focused (M1), efficacy enhanced (M2), and control (M3). Outcome measures were collected at baseline, post intervention and 30-day follow-up and included: self-efficacy, outcome expectations, behavioural control, quit-aid efficacy, and outcome expectancies. The 30-day follow-up also included measures of smoking consumption, quit attempts and use of a quit-aid. <br /><br /> Results: Majority of the participants were males and between 18-25 years of age. Mean number of cigarettes smoked ranged from 12 to 15 across groups whereas the mean number of years smoked ranged from 12 to 17. General linear analyses revealed no significant effect of message type or nicotine dependence (as measured by the Fagerstrome Test for Nicotine Dependence) on the outcome variables of interest. However, when perceived addiction was substituted as the measure of nicotine dependence, the analysis revealed a main effect for nicotine dependence on self-efficacy post intervention and on cessation outcome expectations at follow-up. An interaction effect was found for outcome expectancy at post intervention. <br /><br /> Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that acute addiction oriented messages may not negatively impact smokers? self-efficacy, outcomes expectations, behavioural control, quit-aid efficacy, and outcome expectancies. However, this does mean that message orientation should be ignored when constructing smoking cessation messages. In fact, program designers are encouraged to employ messages that limit the use of addiction oriented statements such as ?nicotine is as addictive as heroin and cocaine?. Further research is required to examine the potential cumulative impact of addiction oriented messages on quitting behaviour and its precursors.
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Heitner, Jesse. "Influencing Health Behaviors via Short Message Service (SMS): Evidence for Best Practices From Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania and Xi’an China." Thesis, Harvard University, 2016. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:27201737.
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Text messaging, also known as short message services (SMS), is a burgeoning innovation area showing promise in eliciting health behavior changes. This dissertation details two intervention trials that each comparatively tests the efficacy of different text message sets intended to improve behaviors.
In light of pervasive road traffic injuries amongst young men in Tanzania, the first intervention tested messaging strategies aimed at increasing helmet wearing amongst commercial motorcycle taxi drivers. Participants (N=391) were randomized to receive either: 1) social norming messages emphasizing society’s positive stance on helmets; 2) fear appeal messages emphasizing the dangers of riding without helmets, or 3) control messages. After 6-weeks, the odds of drivers reporting wearing their helmet “on every trip” was 1.58 times higher in the social norming group than amongst controls, though this difference was not significant after accounting for multiple hypothesis testing. There was little difference between fear appeal recipients and controls.
In light of China’s excessive caesarean section rate of up to 54.9%, the second trial tested messaging strategies aimed at reducing unnecessary caesareans. This quasi-randomized trial assigned pregnant women (N= 4,375) to receive one of four message sets: 1) Limited “Basic” messages, 2) A set primarily regarding Care-Seeking, 3) A set primarily regarding good prenatal Home Practices, or 4) All Texts. Amongst women that acknowledged receiving program texts, care-seeking messages alone were associated with reduced odds of caesarean delivery (OR=0.71, p=.045). Assignment to receive All Texts was associated with strongly reduced odds (OR = 0.65, p=0.008).
Last, an observational study utilizing the Xi’an data investigated the association newborns being born small for gestational age (SGA) and women’s levels of family support. Adjusted logistic regression found that high support was associated with reduced odds of SGA (OR =0.681 p=.013). Mediation analysis suggested this association was at least partially mediated by better nutrition supplementation and more moderate exercise.
These results suggest SMS interventions may be useful tools in eliciting behavior change surrounding helmet wearing and mode of delivery. Some message types may outperform others, and family support may be a useful leverage point. Further investigation is warranted.
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Chik, Hsia-hui Alice. "Adolescents' critical reading of advertisements and public service messages : the interpretation of identities and meaning /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2001. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk:8888/cgi-bin/hkuto%5Ftoc%5Fpdf?B23424473.
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Myrick, Roger. "Communicating about empowerment : the cultural construction of gay identity in public health messages about AIDS /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1994.
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Lin, Shu Yu. "A public relations campaign of corporate social responsibility a test of a cognitive processing model of a CSR message /." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0010812.
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Hunsaker, Jessica L. "An efficacious study of marketing messages in sexual health promotion." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1594498611&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Yanity, Molly. "An analysis of how messages about big-time college football reinforce power." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1365178005.
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Persson, Katarina. "Medias påverkan på individers kostvanor och fysiska aktivitet : en kvalitativ studie om livsstilsbudskap och hälsa." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för arbets- och folkhälsovetenskap, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8487.
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I dagens samhälle sprids budskap om hälsa och en hälsosam livsstil genom en mängd olika informationskanaler, där kanske den största är media. Då mediavärlden kan ses som en stark trendsättare och då de flesta människor på ett eller annat sätt kommer i kontakt med media och dess budskap, var syftet med denna studie att undersöka hur individen upplever att medias budskap om hälsa påverkar livsstilen gällande kostvanor och fysisk aktivitet. Vilka mediabudskap rörande kost och fysisk aktivitet nås individen av? Hur stämmer dessa överens med officiella rekommendationer och hur upplever individen att livsstilsval påverkas av dessa budskap? Studiedesignen var empirisk, kvalitativ av deskriptiv karaktär. Sammanlagt har nitton semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts, med tre män och sexton kvinnor. Åldersfördelningen varierade mellan arton och femtiosju år. Det insamlade intervjumaterialet analyserades genom en innehållsanalys som visade att mediabudskap påverkade informanterna olika beroende på ålder, intresse och livssituation samt yrke. Bland de yngre informanterna relaterades kost och fysisk aktivitet i hög grad till utseendet. Medias budskap kunde även upplevas som en press, där en smal kroppsbyggnad bland de yngre kvinnorna var förknippad med bättre självförtroende och psykiskt välbefinnande. Vad gällde kosthållning kunde stressen i vardagen vara en avgörande faktor, men där även media och samhället hade en avgörande roll och var viktiga trendsättare. Bland de äldre informanterna fick riskbudskap om livsmedel, livsmedels ursprung och innehåll större utrymme, och manade till eftertanke i högre utsträckning än andra mediabudskap. Kroppens åldrande och vikten av att hålla igång för att slippa värk var i högre grad motiverande för träning och fysisk aktivitet än medias budskap om ett vackrare utseende. Majoriteten av informanternas mål med hälsa och livsstil var att må bra, träna mer och ta hand om sig själva. Flertalet hävdade också att mediabudskap inte helt gick att lita på. Bland de yngre informanterna fanns en hög grad av medvetenhet kring hur media förvränger och omvandlar budskap om kroppsideal och utseende, varpå påverkan upplevdes ske medvetet, trots att full förståelse fanns för att budskapen varken var sanningsenliga eller verklighetstrogna.<br>In today's society messages about health and healthy lifestyles are spread through a variety of information channels, where perhaps the biggest is the media. Since the media world can be seen as a strong trend setter, the purpose of this study was to investigate how the individual experiences that media`s messages about health affect the lifestyle regarding diet and physical activity. What types of media messages reach the individual? Do the individuals perceive these to be consistent with official recommendations and how do individuals experience that lifestyle choices are affected by these messages? The study design was empirical, qualitative and of a descriptive character. A total of nineteen semi-structured interviews have been conducted, with three men and sixteen women. The gathered data was analyzed through a content analysis. The main results showed that media messages affect informants differently depending on age, interest, lifestyle and profession. Among the younger informants, diet and physical activity were more related to appearance than among the older informants and media impact was experienced to occur consciously. Among the older informants risk messages were given more consideration and old age was considered a motivation to increase exercise and physical activity.
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Morgan, Betty N. "Messages for contemporary governance from the administrative history of the Confederate States of America." Diss., This resource online, 1999. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-05222007-091441/.
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Meredith, David Charles. "Match & mismatch : cross-cultural visual symbolism in Hong Kong health & hygiene public information poster campaigns 1950-1990." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262946.
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Wulfsberg, Joanna Christine. "Singing turkish, performing Turkishness| Message and audience in the song competition of the international Turkish olympiad." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1589575.
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<p> Turkey's most controversial religious figure is the Muslim cleric and author Fethullah Gülen, whose followers have established around one thousand schools in 135 countries. Since 2003, the Gülen-affiliated educational non-profit TÜRKÇEDER has organized the International Turkish Olympiad, a competition for children enrolled in the Gülen schools. The showpiece of this event is its song contest, in which students perform well-known Turkish songs before live audiences of thousands in cities all over Turkey and reach millions more via television broadcasts and the Internet. While the contest resembles American Idol in its focus on individual singers and Eurovision in its nationalistic overtones, the fact that the singers are performing songs associated with a nationality not their own raises intriguing questions about the intended message of the competition as well as about its publics. To answer these questions, I analyzed YouTube videos of the competition and examined YouTube comments, popular websites, and newspaper opinion columns. I conclude that the performers themselves are meant to feel an affinity with Turkish culture and values, while Turkish audiences receive a demonstration that Gülen's brand of Islam is compatible with Turkish nationalism. Moreover, the competition reaches a multiplicity of publics both within and beyond Turkey. While some of these can be characterized as essentially oppositional counterpublics, I find that, in the case of the Turkish Olympiad, the dichotomy between rational public and emotional or irrational counterpublic established collectively by such theorists of publics as Jürgen Habermas and Michael Warner begins to break down.</p>
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Eason, Yoshika Shajuan. "Exposure to HIV Prevention Messages on Social Media and Behavior Change Intent." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3876.
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African Americans living in the Southeastern region of the United States disproportionately contract sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Facebook and other social media sites are becoming a way to deliver health-related messaging to targeted populations. The purpose of this quantitative, cross-sectional study was to examine the association between selected demographic factors and impact of social media on intent to change sexual behaviors among 112 African Americans between the ages of 18 and 49 in the Southeastern United States who viewed STI/HIV prevention materials on Facebook within 1 year prior to the study. The theory of planned behavior was used to help understand and interpret the findings. Participants completed an online self-report survey containing questions about their exposure to sexual health messages on Facebook and their intent to change behavior. Results of the multiple logistic regression analyses indicated that gender (p =.462), age (p =.122), education (p =.593), and income (p =.200) were not statistically associated with the dependent variable, intent to change risky sexual behaviors. A majority of respondents indicated the intention to change their sexual behaviors as a result of viewing HIV prevention messages on Facebook, and that the messages were the most important factor in their decision to change behavior. Facebook messaging may be an effective platform for reaching African Americans and influencing behavior; however more research is needed to fully understand the use of social media for STI prevention. The social change implication of this research is the potential to decrease HIV/STI associated morbidity and mortality among this population.
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Parlow, John M. "Dramatic sketches in weekend messages to increase cognitive retention of the main point and suggested application." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p090-0342.
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