Academic literature on the topic 'Publishers and publishing – Information technology – Social aspects'

Welcome to the inaugural issue of Journal of Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals (JFFN). It is my great privilege and pleasure to present the inaugural volume of this new peer-reviewed journal, a joint publishing journal of Perhimpunan Penggiat Pangan FungsionaI dan Nutraceutical Indonesia (P3FNI) or Indonesian Society of Funtional Foods and Nutraceuticals (ISFFN) and Research Center of Food and Health, Swiss Geman University (SGU). JFFN is a frontier publication devoted to strengthen the development of functional foods, from theoretical aspects to application-dependent studies and the validation of emerging technologies, which naturally complement each other, as well as any grass root issues for practitioners. JFFN aims to provide a highly readable and valuable contribution literature to emerging interest in functional foods science and technology in Indonesia Society. The journal is also dedicated to encourage early bird authors to experience publishing in an international journal by providing a friendly tutorial. This first issue comprises five manuscripts, connected by a unifying theme: “Functional Food and Nutraceutical for Community Health”. The presented articles can be categorized into the following groups: Basic research evaluating the functional activities Social studies on consumer trends on functional food It is our hope that the articles of this first issue will become a valuable resource for the readers of JFFN, and will stimulate further research into the vibrant world of functional foods. As the chairman of P3FNI, I would like to use this inauguration occasion to thank many people who supported the idea to create a new journal JFFN and provided the opportunity for the journal to be born, in particular Dr. Maria S. Gunawan-Putri. I also deeply appreciate the hearty support of SGU as we strive to make JFFN the most authoritative journal on the field of functional foods. Furthermore, as the editor in chief, I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all members of the editorial and the advisory boards, whose service, dedication, and commitment have made the creation of this journal possible. I would also like to acknowledge the highly appreciative effort to all of manuscript reviewers for providing valuable comments and suggestions to the authors. As we are working together, we aim to continue to strive for quality and excellence in published articles. It is without doubt that the success of our journal depends highly on the author contribution of articles. Through seamless collaboration with all of our authors, we aim to continue to strive for quality and excellence in publishing articles. It is our hope that JFFN could deliver valuable and interesting information to the nationwide and worldwide community of food science, and stimulate further exciting research in the diverse area of functional foods and nutraceuticals. I am certain that this first issue will be followed by many others, providing high quality reports on the most advanced developments in food science field. More information about JFFN guidelines for the preparation and submission of papers can be found at JFFN website: https://journal.sgu.ac.id/jffn/index.php/jffn/index . Finally, as a newly established journal I do realize that there are still a lot of aspects that have to be improved. Therefore, we are sincerely waiting for your mutual suggestions and criticism. July 2019, Hanny Wijaya Editor in Chief

In 1996, the Institute for the Science of Thought decided to cease publication of its journal Shisō no kagaku (Science of thought). Launched in May 1946, the journal had not only survived the turbulent immediate postwar era, but also oversight by five different publishing companies within the space of less than twenty years. In 1962 the Institute broke away from commercial publishers, and established a new company especially to publish the journal. Self-publishing was prompted by the decision by the journal’s current publisher to cancel a forthcoming special issue on the ‘emperor system’. This was a pivotal moment in the history of Shisō no kagaku. In this essay, I outline the chronology of the “Shisō no kagaku Incident,” examine aspects of the contemporary ideological context such as the emergence of the so-called “chrysanthemum taboo,” and explore its legacy for the new publisher’s treatment of topics to do with the emperor.

The transformation from print to digital media for scientific communication, driven in part by the growth of the Internet and the tremendous explosion in the amount of information now available to everybody, is creating fundamental changes in institutions such as publishers, libraries, and universities that primarily exist for the creation, management, and distribution of information and knowledge. Scientific, technological, and medical journals are the first publications to be completely transformed from print to digital format but monographs are beginning to appear in digital format as well and soon all communication and publishing of scientific information will be entirely electronic. In fact, this change is affecting all components of the scientific enterprise, from personal correspondence and laboratory methods to peer reviewing and the quality assessment of scientific research. Along with these radical and rapid changes in information presentation and distribution are coincident changes in the expectations of both the public and other scientists, with both groups demanding ever more rapid, open, and global access to scientific information than has been available in the past. The consequence of this revolution in the mechanics of communications technology is threatening the very existence of a number of highly regarded institutions such as intellectual property, commercial publishers, scientific societies, and academic libraries and might soon begin to threaten even the traditional university.

In today’s digital age, content is no longer tied to a specific media format as it can come in any form, including in the digital format that can be distributed online. In the context of the content for book, since approximately 500 years ago, the printed book, which consists of the paper, print, binding, and glue, has been a prominent medium for content delivery. However, as digital technology advances, e-book has emerged along with printed book as an alternative to readers in the market. In some developed countries, the trend of e-book reading and buying have increased noticeably. However, looking at the broader context of the impact, e-book is only among the many aspects that have affected the industry. As argued by scholars, the end-product of the book industry is not the only aspect being affected, instead, the whole book creation process is experiencing changes. In order to have a better understanding of these issues, this study attempts to explore the current condition of Malaysian book publishing industry by analysing the responses of selected local trade publishing companies towards technological development in their pursuit of organizational success. In doing so, a case study of six local trade publishing companies comprises of large, small and medium, and government-funded publishers is conducted. From the case studies analysis, it is evident that these companies have responded vigorously to technological developments in their pursuit of organizational success. The finding shows that they are adopting the multi-platform strategy in almost every aspect of their business practices, especially in marketing and distributing of their content. In marketing, the use of Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, and YouTube have help them in promoting their books. Meanwhile, for the distribution of books, the emergence of online channels such as e-commerce, as well as mobile application, WhatsApp, have now opened up an opportunity for the publishers to enhance their sales. The Internet, computer technology, and social media are also becoming rather important in their book publishing practices.

This paper shall give a review of some recently published and some older books, which were published as second or third edition, on Information Ethics and Internet related topics: - Brennan, Linda L. & Victoria E. Johnson (eds.): Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Information Technology. Hershey, PA: Information Science Publishing, 2004. – 304 pages, paperback, $59.95 - Capurro, Rafael: Ethik im Netz. Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner, 2003. 278 pages, paperback, €26.00 - Cavalier, Robert J. (ed.): The impact of the Internet on our moral lives. Albany, NY: State University of New York Press, 2005. – 249 pages, paperback, $26.95 - Johnson, Deborah G.: Computer Ethics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, third edition, 2001. – 240 pages, paperback, $40.67 - Kuhlen, Rainer: Informationsethik. Umgang mit Wissen und Informationen in elektronischen Räumen. Konstanz: UVK (UTB), 2004. – 444 pages, paperback, €24.95 - Nyíri, Kristóf: Vernetztes Wissen. Philosophie im Zeitalter des Internets. Wien: Passagen Verlag, 2004. – 179 pages, paperback, €19.95 - Spinello, Richard A.: Case Studies in Information Technology Ethics. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, second edition, 2003. – 252 pages, paperback, $54.67 - Spinello, Richard A. & Herman T. Tavani (eds.): Readings in Cyberethics. Sudbury, NJ: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, second edition, 2004. – 697 pages, paperback, $54.95 - Tavani, Herman T.: Ethics & Technology. Ethical Issues in an Age of Information and Communication Technology. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2004. 344 pages, paperback, $53.95

In the five centuries since Gutenberg introduced printing with movable type, Western society has been thoroughly infused by print culture.This culture, a complex mosaic of numerous factors, has recently become the focus of extensive historical research.The history of print culture, frequently referred to as the “history of the book,” concerns those aspects of a society that relate to the production, distribution, and reception of printed materials, whether canonical works of literature or ephemeral items such as newspapers and handbills. Authorship, publishing, regulation, bookselling, libraries, and reading are some of the aspects examined. Because print culture permeates all of society, the study of its history has captured the interest of a wide range of researchers: an array of historians of various types and periods (e.g., social, labor, cultural, and legal historians; historians of religion and ideas; and historians of science and technology), literary scholars (of various periods and genres), sociologists, information scientists and librarians, geographers, and bibliographers, among others. As might be expected, scholars of this diversity bring a wide breadth of perspectives to the subject.

AbstractNations the world over are increasingly turning to quantitative performance-based metrics to evaluate the quality of research outputs, as these metrics are abundant and provide an easy measure of ranking research. In 2010, the Danish Ministry of Science and Higher Education followed this trend and began portioning out a percentage of the available research funding according to how many research outputs each Danish university produces. Not all research outputs are eligible: only those published in a curated list of academic journals and publishers, the so-called BFI list, are included. The BFI list is ranked, which may create incentives for academic authors to target certain publication outlets or publication types over others. In this study we examine the potential effect these relatively new research evaluation methods have had on the publication patterns of researchers in Denmark. The study finds that publication behaviors in the Natural Sciences & Technology, Social Sciences and Humanities (SSH) have changed, while the Health Sciences appear unaffected. Researchers in Natural Sciences & Technology appear to focus on high impact journals that reap more BFI points. While researchers in SSH have also increased their focus on the impact of the publication outlet, they also appear to have altered their preferred publication types, publishing more journal articles in the Social Sciences and more anthologies in the Humanities.

The communicative environment of companies and consumers has changed dramatically since the mid 90’s: The changing media use of consumers as well as the growing diversity of media have led to a fierce competition for the attention of consumers and stakeholders (Kannan and Li 2017, p. 22 ff.). Especially the new technical opportunities have led to disruptive changes in generating, organizing and spreading media content (Pulizzi 2014, p. 139 ff.). This leads to a significant loss of importance of traditional journalism, the classical media and advertisements: They lose their formerly exclusive role as information broker. Journalists and companies are no longer able to simply push their messages into the public. Instead, they have to hope that the generated content attracts recipients, consumers and stakeholders who pick the information being considered most attractive: As consequence push strategies are increasingly replaced by pull strategies, and the marketing of products and services by means of content-related concepts plays an increasing role. Due to this CM has become a “buzz word” (Bertling 2016, p. 4), but from a scientific perspective, the concept of CM is not clearly defined. The different origins in Corporate and Marketing Communications as well as the importance for both disciplines are the major reasons for this, leading to a diffuse understanding especially in communication practice. The central research question examines the effects of these different definitions on the way CM is perceived and performed. Additionally the goal of the study is to get a comprehensive picture of how CM is used by companies, agencies and publishing houses in the German-speaking area. In order to answer the research questions a quantitative online survey of 263 marketing and communication managers in the German-speaking area has been conducted, initially differentiating between companies or agencies/publishers. Strategic and conceptual aspects (e.g. definition, objectives, responsibilities) of CM as well as the operational implementation (e.g. channels, formats) and ex-post evaluation (e.g. success measurement) of the various concepts are inherent to the question in how far companies and agencies use CM. The results are interpreted by means of descriptive statistics and correlations/significance testing. The results confirm the definition problem since both, the PR-oriented definition and the marketing/advertising definition, were selected by the respondents. However, the results lead to the assumption, that despite of this there are no complete different ways of perceiving and performing CM caused by these different basic understandings. CM is understood primarily as a PR technique which is usually used in brand communication thus being a threat to classic advertising without sharing the “hard selling” aspects of advertising – this seems to be a widely spread consensus among professionals irrespective of their background and the definition chosen. This result as such as well as the fact that there are only slight differences between the two groups point into one direction: The edges between the different communication disciplines are increasingly blurring. Though the study has quite a broad basis (263 respondents) for a survey conducted among professionals, the reach of the results is limited and cannot be transferred to companies or agencies as such. Due to the sample size differences between industry sectors or the size of the companies could not be investigated. The sample size also limits the possibilities for statistic testing. Furthermore, the results just refer to the German-speaking and area and therefore cannot directly be transferred to the situation in other regions or countries. CM seems to have the potential to replace traditional advertising at least partially. In most companies with special budgets for CM, consequently this is at the expense of the advertising budget. There is clear evidence that CM attacks classic advertising not only in the perception of professionals but also in the financial dimension. This leads to the assumption that large budgets might be reallocated in the future. Due to the growing importance of CM companies are changing their working methods, and agencies are responding with a content-oriented range of services. Traditional advertising revenues are likely to be eroded and once again, traditional media will suffer. The social and economic consequences of this development will be one of the most exciting tasks to which future communication research should be devoted. The study described in this article is the first comprehensive study shedding a light on CM in the German-speaking area and dealing with the question if the different basic definitions and understandings of CM have an influence on how it is perceived and practiced. It furthermore is the first study which directly offers possibilities to compare results for companies and agencies.

<p class="VARKeywords">Data sharing is a fundamental process for the advancement of both natural and social sciences. Starting from the idea that computers and the internet have drastically changed the world in the last decades, this paper advocates for the creation of a space where archaeologists from around the world can share information about maritime history and exchange data with colleagues. Following the principles of open access, we argue that raw data publication is necessary and significant for the development and democratization of the discipline. This study explains the fundamental aspects of the Nautical Archaeology Digital Library (NADL) and its efforts to standardize information collection for shipwrecks and related sites, so that scholars can create a community to disseminate both raw data and complete information in the field of maritime archaeology. To achieve this, our purpose is to facilitate the development of common-ground methodology and terminology that promotes an intelligible dialogue within the global community of nautical archaeologists. This paper addresses some considerations on terminology and systematization in scientific disciplines and discusses the theoretical and methodological issues linked to the process of making a template for recording shipwrecks. Furthermore, this article analyses some of the problems related to the standardization of description processes and the necessity to create a flexible system that accounts for data diversity. The third section discusses how science is greatly enhanced by publishing information in open access platforms.</p><p>Highlights:</p><p>• Standardization of data allows robust comparative and inter-subjective analysis of coastal and maritime projects, shipwrecks and nautical technology.<br />• Research is strongly benefited by sharing information underlying publications and raw data generated within a project in open source platforms.<br />• Digital databases such as NADL enhance cooperative research, as well as teaching and outreach strategies.</p>

The objective of this study is to discuss affordances in foreign language (L2) teacher education in the digital age. With that aim, some pedagogical interventions were carried out in the course of “Supervised Internship” within the context of the Undergraduate Degree in English Language Teaching, at a federal university in the Southeast of Brazil in order to obtain empirical data concerning the perceptions of pre-service English teachers. The theoretical framework is based on the concept of affordance, in relation to the effects of globalization (and its Information and Communication Technologies - ICTs) on the education of language teachers in the digital age, considering aspects of interculturality, through hybrid approaches such as CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) and the Intercomprehension approach. Data were obtained through participant observation and interviews with educators and pre-service teachers, and include: 1) discussion of texts about language teaching, interculturality and the use of technologies in education; 2) virtual meetings in COIL format with pre-service teachers enrolled in the course of “Supervised Internship” at a Brazilian university and at Alberto Hurtado University (AHU) in Chile; 3) discussion/reflection sessions; 4) interviews with participants. The analysis suggests that ICTs and approaches such as CLIL, COIL and Intercomprehension promote affordances for inclusive practices (for financially disadvantaged people, with the use of internet); multilingual practices (including other languages besides English); and intercultural practices, promoting contact and learning among different cultures and languages.ResumoO objetivo deste estudo é refletir sobre affordances na formação de professores de línguas adicionais (L2) na era digital. Com esse objetivo, algumas intervenções pedagógicas foram realizadas na disciplina de “Estágio Supervisionado” do curso de Licenciatura em Letras Inglês de uma universidade federal do Sudeste brasileiro, a fim de ilustrar e embasar essa reflexão por meio de dados empíricos das percepções de professores de inglês em formação. O arcabouço teórico se baseia na noção de affordance em relação aos efeitos da globalização com suas tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TICs) na formação de professores de L2 na era digital, com a ampliação da interculturalidade por meio de abordagens híbridas como a CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) e Intercompreensão. Os dados foram gerados por meio de observação participante e entrevistas com os professores formadores e em formação, e incluem: 1) discussões de textos sobre ensino de idiomas, interculturalidade e uso de tecnologias na educação; 2) reuniões virtuais em formato COIL, com professores em formação, matriculados na disciplina de estágio supervisionado na universidade no Brasil e na Universidade Alberto Hurtado, no Chile; 3) sessões de reflexão; e 4) entrevistas com os participantes. A análise sugere que as TICs e abordagens como a CLIL, COIL e Intercompreensão propiciam affordances para uma prática mais inclusiva (alcançando pessoas desfavorecidas financeiramente por meio da internet); multilíngue (por meio da inclusão de outras línguas além do inglês); e intercultural, permitindo contato e aprendizado entre culturas e línguas diferentes.ResumenEl objetivo de este estudio es discutir las posibilidades en la educación de profesores de lenguas extranjeras (L2) en la era digital. Con ese objetivo, se llevaron a cabo algunas intervenciones pedagógicas en la asignatura de "Práctica Supervisada" de la carrera de Licenciatura en Inglés en una universidad federal en el sudeste de Brasil, con el fin de obtener datos empíricos sobre las percepciones de profesores de inglés en pre-servicio. El marco teórico se basa en el concepto de affordance, en relación con los efectos de la globalización (y sus Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación - TIC) en la educación de los profesores de idiomas en la era digital, considerando aspectos de la interculturalidad, a través de enfoques híbridos como CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning), COIL (Collaborative Online International Learning) e de Intercomprensión. Los datos se obtuvieron a través de la observación participante y entrevistas con educadores y profesores en pre-servicio e incluyen: 1) discusión de textos sobre enseñanza de idiomas, interculturalidad y el uso de tecnologías en educación; 2) reuniones virtuales en formato COIL con maestros de pre-servicio inscritos en la carrera de la universidad brasileña y en la Universidad Alberto Hurtado (AHU) en Chile; 3) sesiones de discusión / reflexión; 4) entrevistas con los participantes. El análisis sugiere que las TIC y los enfoques como CLIL, COIL e Intercomprensión promueven posibilidades de prácticas inclusivas (para las personas con desventajas financieras, con el uso de internet); prácticas multilingües (incluidos otros idiomas además del inglés); y prácticas interculturales, promoviendo el contacto y el aprendizaje entre diferentes culturas e idiomas.Palavras-chave: Educação intercultural, Tecnologia da informação e da comunicação, Línguas estrangeiras modernas, formação de professores.Keywords: Cross cultural training, Information technology, Second language instruction, Teacher education.Palabras clave: Educación intercultural, Tecnología de información y comunicación, Idiomas extranjeros, Formación de profesores de idiomas.ReferencesABRAHAMS, Mary Jane; RÍOS, Pablo Silva. What happens with English in Chile? Challenges in teacher preparation. In: KAMHI-STEIN, Lía D.; MAGGIOLI, Gabriel Díaz; OLIVEIRA, Luciana C. De (Eds.). English language teaching in South America: Policy, preparation and practice. Bristol: Multilingual Matters, 2017, p.109-122.AMORIM, Gabriel Brito; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Internacionalização do ensino superior e línguas estrangeiras: Evidência de um estudo de caso nos níveis micro, meso e macro. Revista Avaliação, v. 22, n. 3, p. 614–632, 2017.APPADURAI, Arjun. Grass roots globalization and the research imagination. Public Culture, v. 12, n. 1, p. 1-19, 2000. https://doi.org/10.1215/08992363-12-1-1ARCHANJO, Renata; BARAHONA, Malba; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Identity of foreign language pre-service teachers to speakers of other languages: Insights from Brazil and Chile. Colombian Applied Linguistics Journal, v. 1, n. 21, p. 62-75, 2019. doi.org/10.14483/22487085.14086BAUMAN, Zygmunt. Liquid life. Cambridge: Polity Press, 2005.CASTRO, Ana Laura Silva de; HILDEBLANDO JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Teachers and students online but disconnected. INTED 2019 Proceedings, p. 420-427, 2019. dx.doi.org/10.21125/inted.2019.0186CEO-DIFRANCESCO, Diane; BENDER-SLACK, Delane. Collaborative online international learning: Students and professors making global connections. In: MOELLER, Aleidine J. (Org.). Fostering connections, empowering communities, celebrating the world. Richmond: Terry, 2016, p. 147-174. FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. The slaughter of Kachru’s five sacred cows in Brazil: Affordances of the use of English as an international language. Studies in English Language Teaching, v. 2, n. 4, p. 401-411, 2014. https://doi.org/10.4025/actascilangcult.v39i2.30529.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. What can Brazil learn from multilingual Switzerland and its use of English as a multilingua franca. Acta Scientiarum (UEM), v. 39, n. 2, p. 219-228, 2017.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. English as a global language in Brazil: A local contribution. In: GIMENEZ, Telma; EL KADRI, Michele Salles; CALVO, Luciana Cabrini Simões. (Orgs.). English as a Lingua Franca in teacher education: A Brazilian perspective. 1. ed. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2018, p. 71-86.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Internationalization and multilingualism in Brazil: Possibilities of Content and language integrated learning and intercomprehension approaches. International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences, v. 13, n. 5, p. 655-659, 2019.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; PORCINO, Maria Carolina. Tecnologia e metodologia no ensino de Inglês: Impactos da globalização e da internacionalização. Ilha do Desterro, n. 66, p. 239-282, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5007/2175-8026.2014n66p239FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; PORCINO, Maria Carolina. Facebook na ensinagem de inglês como língua adicional. In: ARAUJO, Julio Cesar Rosa; LEFFA, Vilson Jose. (Orgs.). Redes sociais e ensino de língua: O que temos de aprender. São Paulo: Editora Brasileira Comercial, 2016, p. 99-115.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; TYLER, Jhamille. The role of English and technology in the internationalization of education: Insights from the analysis of MOOCs. In: 7th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, 2015, Barcelona. Edulearn15 Proceedings. Barcelona: Iated, 2015, v. 1. p. 11-18.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; LEÃO, Roberta Gomes; AMORIM, Gabriel Brito. Mobile assisted language learning: Affordances and limitations of Duolingo. Education and Linguistics Research, v. 2, n. 2, p. 48-65, 2016.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; PREBIANCA, Gicele Vergine Vieira; MOMM, Christiane Fabíola. Tecnologia na educação: O caso da Internet e do inglês como linguagens de inclusão. Cadernos do IL, n. 46, p. 193-208, 2013.FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; PREBIANCA, Gicele Vergine Vieira; SCHMITT, Jeovani. English distance learning: Possibilities and limitations of MEO for the flipped classroom. Revista Brasileira de Linguística Aplicada, v. 16, n. 2, p. 181-208, 2016.FLEURI, Reinaldo Matias. Intercultura e educação. Revista Brasileira de Educação, n. 23, p. 16-35, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-24782003000200003FREIRE, Paulo. Pedagogia do oprimido. 50. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Paz e Terra, 2011.GIBSON, James Jerome. The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979.GUIMARÃES, Felipe Furtado; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Interculturalidade, Internacionalização e Intercompreensão: qual a relação? Revista Ilha do Desterro, v. 71, n. 3, p. 15-37, 2018.HILDEBLANDO JÚNIOR, Carlos Alberto; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Internationalization and virtual collaboration: Insights from COIL experiences. Ensino em Foco, v. 1, n. 2, p. 19-33, 2018.JENKINS, Jennifer. Repositioning English and multilingualism in English as a Lingua Franca. Englishes in Practice, v. 2, n. 3, p. 49-85, 2015.LANKSHEAR, Colin; KNOBEL, Michele. New literacies: Changing knowledge and classroom learning. Burckingham: Open University Press, 2003.LEWIS, Tim; O’DOWD, Robert. Introduction to online intercultural exchange and this volume. In: O’DOWD, Robert; LEWIS, Tim (Orgs.). Online intercultural exchange: Policy, pedagogy, practice. Nova York: Routledge, 2016, p. 3-20.LINN, M. C.; EYLON, B.-S. Science learning and instruction: Taking advantage of technology to promote knowledge integration. Nova York: Routledge, 2011.MENDES, Ana Rachel Macedo; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Linguistic education under revision: Globalization and EFL teacher education in Brazil. Education and Linguistics Research, v. 4, n. 1, p. 45-64, 2018.MONTE MÓR, Walkyria Maria. Foreign languages teaching, education and the new literacies studies: Expanding views. In: GONÇALVES, Gláucia Renate; ALMEIDA, Sandra Regina Goulart; PAIVA, Vera Lúcia Menezes de Oliveira e; RODRIGUES-JÚNIOR, Adail Sebastião (Orgs.). New Challenges in Language and Literature. Belo Horizonte: Ed. UFMG, 2009, p. 177-189.MONTE MÓR, Walkyria Maria. Linguagem tecnológica e educação. Em busca de práticas para uma formação crítica. In: SIGNORINI, Inês; FIAD, Raquel Salek (Orgs.). Ensino de língua: Das reformas, das inquietações e dos desafios. Belo Horizonte: Ed. UFMG, 2012, p. 181-190.ORTIZ, Ramón Andrés; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca. Social inclusion and CLIL: Evidence from La Roseraie. In: International Conference on Education, Research and Innovation 2015, Sevilha. Iceri2015 Proceedings. Madri: Iated. v. 1. p. 7660-7666, 2015.PAIVA, Vera Lúcia Menezes de Oliveira e. Propiciamento (affordance) e autonomia na aprendizagem de língua inglesa. In: LIMA, Diógenes Cândido de (Org.). Aprendizagem de língua inglesa: Histórias refletidas. Vitória da Conquista: Edições UESB, 2010, p.151-161.PORTES, Alejandro. Capital social: origens e aplicações na sociologia contemporânea. Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas, Oeiras, n. 33, p. 133-158, 2000. RADA, Juan. Oportunidades e riscos das novas tecnologias para a educação. In: TEDESCO, Juan Carlos (Org.). Educação e novas tecnologias: Esperanças ou incertezas?. São Paulo: Cortez, 2004, p. 109-119.RAMOS, Natália. Interculturalidade(s) e mobilidade(s) no espaço europeu: viver e comunicar entre culturas. In: PINA, Helena; MARTINS, Felisbela; FERREIRA, Cármen (Orgs.). The overarching issues of the European space: Strategies for spatial (re)planning based on innovation, sustainability and change. Porto: Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto, 2013, p. 343-360.RUBIN, Jon; GUTH, Sarah. Collaborative online international learning: An emerging format for internationalizing curricula. In: MOORE, Alexandra Schultheis; SIMON, Sunka. (Orgs.). Globally networked teaching in the humanities: Theories and practice. Nova York/Londres: Routledge, 2015, p. 15-27.SANTOS, Boaventura de Sousa. A gramática do tempo: Para uma nova cultura política. São Paulo: Cortez, 2006.SANTOS, Boaventura de Sousa. Epistemologías del sur. Utopía y práxis latinoamericana, v. 16, n. 54, p. 17-39, 2011.TAQUINI, Reninni; FINARDI, Kyria Rebeca; AMORIM, Gabriel Brito. English as a medium of instruction at Turkish State Universities. Education and Linguistics Research, v. 3, n. 2, p. 35-53, 2017.VAN LIER, Leo. The ecology and semiotics of language learning: A sociocultural perspective. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.VAN LIER, Leo. Agency in the classroom. In: LANTOLF, James P.; POEHNER, Matthew Edward (Orgs.). Sociocultural theory and the teaching of second languages. Londres: Equinox, 2008, p. 163-188.VERTOVEC, Steven. Super-diversity and its implications. Ethnic and Racial Studies, v. 30, n. 6, p. 1024-1054, 2007.VYGOTSKY, Lev Semyonovich. Pensamento e linguagem. Tradução de Jeferson Luiz Camargo. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 1987.WARSCHAUER, Mark. Social capital and access. Universal access in the information society, v. 2, n. 4, p. 315-330, 2003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-002-0040-8WARSCHAUER, Mark. Technology and social inclusion: Rethinking the digital divide. Cambridge: MIT Press, 2004.e3723011

This study describes how information spread on the internet by examining diffusion, framing and source use surrounding coverage of the 2010 best-selling book, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks. The book presented a rare opportunity to view how a story about science, discovery and race became a best-seller within weeks after its publication. Through a mixed-methods and case study approach, the author examines patterns of coverage using Google Alerts that traced the book's online coverage in the first six months of its release. The author found that online information clustered around several themes with the most prominent describing aspects of science and scientific discovery, followed by the book's characterization as a "best seller" or "good read." Another recurring theme centered on issues surrounding exploitation in human research. In addition, the study reveals that sources who "set the frame" for coverage were most likely to be media figures, including Oprah Winfrey, Alan Ball and HBO films, in addition to newspapers and individual journalists and science writers. By examining the relationship of online frames with sources, the author found that a diversity of frames is paired with key sources: that is, multiple themes co-occur with source mentions, although the themes may not have been generated by the sources themselves. Rather, sources are linked to narrative frames by others who generate online coverage. The author concludes that, while key sources initially set a message's frame, once diffused, the message may take on other qualities.

Data privacy plays a noteworthy part in today's digital world where information is gathered at exceptional rates from different sources. Privacy preserving data publishing refers to the process of publishing personal data without questioning the privacy of individuals in any manner. A variety of approaches have been devised to forfend consumer privacy by applying traditional anonymization mechanisms. But these mechanisms are not well suited for Big Data, as the data which is generated nowadays is not just structured in manner. The data which is generated at very high velocities from various sources includes unstructured and semi-structured information, and thus becomes very difficult to process using traditional mechanisms. This chapter focuses on the various challenges with Big Data, PPDM and PPDP techniques for Big Data and how well it can be scaled for processing both historical and real-time data together using Lambda architecture. A distributed framework for privacy preservation in Big Data by combining Natural language processing techniques is also proposed in this chapter.

Access to information may have contributed to the yawning gap between Nigeria's wealth in human and material resources and the level of development recorded. Sustainable development can be engendered through the adoption of digital publishing innovations by publishers in the dispensation of their corporate social responsibility often geared towards developing the total person in society. In Nigeria, available gadgets for accessing publications and processing information can be adopted to solve fundamental problems that hitherto plagued production and distribution of information resources. Since ICTs facilitate content development and dissemination, they can be employed for adequate supply of educational books, agricultural extension information in any language, access to and participation in political dialogues, materials for language learning, etc. Therefore, the publishing industry in Nigeria has at its disposal all that it needs to join the world of e-publishing and e-solutions. The central objective of this chapter, therefore, is to argue that Nigerian publishers are in the position to ensure sustainable development through digital publication and dissemination of information resources, even beyond their present educational books niche, to meet other unmet book and information needs. This is because e-books are easier to market and distribute, and e-payment eliminates transaction bottlenecks. Publishers, however, need the support of government through a viable book policy, stable curriculums, and provision of digital tools to schools; cooperation of and collaboration with the academia (or established material developers); and collaboration with mobile network owners (for effective dissemination).

The focus of this chapter will be the recent conduct of various corporations in withdrawing Internet services provided to information portal WikiLeaks in light of the controversy surrounding WikiLeaks’ publishing classified documents of correspondence between the US State Department and its diplomatic missions around the world in late 2010. The implications for freedom of expression (especially the right to access information) on the Internet will be examined in the wake of WikiLeaks, particularly in the context of the infringer being a private actor, and one comprising a mono- or oligopoly. The motivation of these private actors in contributing to the suppression of WikiLeaks will be assessed to examine whether it constitutes an example of Birnhack and Elkin-Koren’s “invisible handshake,” i.e. the “emerging collaboration” between the state and multinational corporations on the Internet that they posit is producing “the ultimate threat.” The legal recourse open to WikiLeaks and its users for the infringement of fundamental rights will be examined, especially the First Amendment to the US Constitution since the geographic location for these events has mostly been the USA. Finally, the postscript to the WikiLeaks controversy will be considered: the “information warfare” conducted by hackers will be examined to determine whether the exercise of power of these Internet corporations in a way which infringes fundamental rights can be checked by technological means, and whether hackers are indeed the true electronic defenders of freedom of expression.

This chapter addresses the collaborative aspects of digital libraries as a special case of Computer Supported Collaborative Work (CSCW). Libraries always had social and cultural roles, and worked as a dedicated place for learning, research and sometimes also for opinion exchange and debates. The Internet era gave birth to digital libraries which can also represent a whole range of collaborative functions. The suitable collaborative functions are different for young students, general public or scientists and also different in the view of the user’s goals, such as finding content, finding answers or creating new content. The collaborative aspects of these library functions are described here in details with typical examples. Despite of these examples, many librarians think that digital libraries failed to ride the waves of emerging web technologies, and current digital libraries cannot serve general information needs well enough, so they are not among the first sources of information and collaboration support any more. An important moment in the evolution of DL systems was the appearance of Web 2.0 technology and social computing. The Web 2.0 brought not only fancier user interfaces, but enriched functionality for building communities and collaborating extensively through the Web. Library 2.0 was the late response of the librarian community for social sites, since Library 2.0 is user-centered, with focus on rich social interactions through multi-media content. Moreover, for many, Library 2.0 is not about technology, but about a new philosophy of constant evaluation and innovation with the help of library users. In fact, Library 2.0 allows the users to change the library in many ways. The challenges for libraries within the Web 2.0 era are summarized here, along with the research issues waiting to be solved, as we think that the prospects of collaborative functionalities are far reaching and they could become a key motivation for using digital libraries.

In an essay entitled, The Next Information Revolution, Peter Drucker (1997) compared the existing business environment to conditions in the sixteenth century within the emerging publishing industry. Up until the mid 1500s, the people who controlled the industry were skilled printer craftsmen. By the end of the century, a major shift had occurred as publishers replaced craftsmen as the industry leaders. What had happened, according to Drucker, was that the focus shifted from the “T” in IT to the “I.” Drawing an analogy to the present, Drucker suggested that the current information revolution will have a transformational effect on society only when new technology realizes its potential impact on the meaning of information. This article describes a hybrid social software and hypermedia authoring system, referred to as HyLighter, which may fit Drucker’s definition of transformational technology. Social software (also referred to as social networking software) is a broad category of Internet applications for connecting individuals and forming virtual communities using various forms of computer- mediated communication. Hypermedia refers to a computer environment in which multiple linkages enable users to navigate from one segment of audio, video, graphic, or textual data to another segment. Hy- Lighter builds on the affordances of these and related technologies to extend the capacity of the document as a medium for the social construction of meaning. In the process, HyLighter aims to improve individual and group performance in a wide range of domains and interdisciplinary problem areas, improve the quality of instruction, and develop proficient learners (i.e., strategic, self-regulated learners who know how, when, and where to apply appropriate learning activities across various content areas) (Hartman, 2001). This article also describes an advanced adaptation of HyLighter, referred to as Coalesce, which is currently under development. When fully realized, Coalesce will help users merge ideas together from many sources into a unified whole that expresses a new perspective. The process identifies important ideas in multiple texts and exposes a range of views on selected points among a group of users. It also coordinates group activities in organizing and elaborating on the ideas of authors and readers toward achieving a cohesive, meaningful whole. In sum, HyLighter emphasizes responding to a document and social analysis whereas Coalese empasizes the social construction of a new document through social analysis and synthesis. Such new and emerging technologies supports a type of knowledge-building process aimed at empowering virtual communities engaged in knowledge intensive enterprises in a world awash with information.