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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Puerto rico history'
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Magaña, Linda Christine. "Pox and partisanship : the politics of health in Puerto Rico, 1898-1917." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2015. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eaaa91df-ab5b-4d0d-b81e-0d71192eab3e.
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This thesis explores the development of Puerto Rican public health institutions and policy from 1898 to 1917. I ground the research in the major constitutional legislative actions (Foraker Act of 1900, Jones Act of 1917) taken by the United States to highlight both the key political moments in the colonial relationship between the metropole and colony and the accompanying ramifications for the public health institutions on the island. Case studies of epidemic disease outbreaks - smallpox, hookworm disease, and bubonic plague - facilitate an assessment of how political partisanship, international philanthropic groups, and interest group politicking affected the execution of campaigns responding to these diseases. I show that the circulation of personnel, philosophies, materials, and technologies within the American sphere of influence alone resulted in a sanitary imperialism that was a unique and cosmopolitan amalgamation of the latest medical and public health science of the day. I contend that the annexation and administration of Puerto Rico was above all haphazard in the early years of the twentieth century. The narrative that emerges from other historians who argue that highly specific themes or debates were the central issue does not fit the archival record. Such single-factor explanations as race, gender, sexuality, religion, or economic expansion mask the importance of highly particular factors on the ground. This thesis demonstrates that an understanding of the Puerto Rican context requires a more nuanced and even-handed approach than previous literature has provided. Health policy and institution building from 1898 to 1917 is a story of the continuous attempt to disentangle public health from partisan politicking. In large part, public health and disease campaigns were conceptualized as a means of enhancing commercial ties with the international community and improving the economic outlook of the island.
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Domenech, Michael. "A history and critique of theological education at the Evangelical Seminary of Puerto Rico (1919-1987) /." Access Digital Full Text version, 1995. http://pocketknowledge.tc.columbia.edu/home.php/bybib/11790477.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Teachers College, Columbia University, 1995.Includes tables. Typescript; issued also on microfilm. Sponsor: Douglas Sloan. Dissertation Committee: Joseph Lukinsky. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-262).
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Caronan, Faye Christine. "Making history from U.S. colonial amnesia Filipino American and U.S. Puerto Rican poetic genealogies /." Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259634.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 185-196).
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Maldonado-Torres, Joaquin. "Historical research and documentation of the grounds and gardens of La Casa Blanca, San Juan De Puerto Rico." Virtual Press, 1987. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/543768.
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La Casa Blanca (The White House) is the old fortress house of Juan Ponce de Leon’s family, located in the city of San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico also known as Old San Juan. The house was originally built in the early 1500s as one of the first permanent constructions on the islet of San Juan. Both the house and its grounds have undergone several physical changes through their almost 500 years of existence. The house (which today is a museum) has been restored and documented, including the surrounding buildings which were built during the 17th and 18th Centuries and which form the Casa Blanca building complex.Today several garden areas exist on the grounds of Casa Blanca. These gardens have the potential to enhance the site more than they do presently, not only in the aesthetic experience that the visitor to Casa Blanca could have because of the beauty of the place, but also in the experience of history and legend associated with Juan Ponce de Leon.Lamentably, with the possible exception of the Hispano-Moorish garden located next to the central patio of Casa Blanca, the remaining garden areas have not been formally documented for purposes of correct design development or so that the visitor may appreciate and understand their history. In this creative project the author has documented all the information available on Casa Blanca and its gardens from written sources, plans, and from oral interviews obtained in Puerto Rico and the United States.The original intent of the author was not only to document the gardens and grounds of Casa Blanca, but also to create a restoration/rehabilitation design for the best use of this area. This scheme would be in accordance with their historic, legendary, and aesthetic relationship to Casa Blanca and Old San Juan as part of the total cultural heritage of Puerto Rico. Instead, this research of Casa Blanca's gardens' history in itself became the focus of the creative project due to the large amount of time and effort necessary to locate and compile the information. A rehabilitation design plan was not possible in the time frame for this project. However, this investigation opened new areas of study, as it dealt with the overall unrecorded garden history of Puerto Rico which was essential to document before a restoration/rehabilitation plan could be made. The author hopes that this study, as the first documentation of a Puerto Rican garden, will initiate the recording of the total garden history of Puerto Rico.Department of Landscape Architecture
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Pabon, A. (Alfredo). "History teaching as an ideological battlefield:a study on the Puerto Rico and the United States’ relationship as represented in the Puerto Rican history textbooks." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2013. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201311151858.
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The focus of my study is on two history textbooks intended for the 7th grade, one retired from the Puerto RicanDepartment of Education (PRDE) in 2002, titled “Puerto Rico: Tierra Adentro, Mar Afuera” (Picó & Rivera, 1991) and the textbook that replaced it, “Historia y Geografía de Puerto Rico 7” (Cardona, Mafuz, Rodríguez, et al. 2002), currently in use within of the PRDE. Using critical pedagogy as my theoretical lenses, I analyzed how the Puerto Rico-United States historical relationship is conceptualized within these two history textbooks, released under the administration of two different political parties. The historical events chosen for analysis match the beginning of the Puerto Rican-United States’ political relations until its current state of affairs. These events are: the United States’ invasion to Puerto Rico in 1898; the Foraker Act of 1900; the Jones Act of 1917; and the Organic Law 600 (or “Estado Libre Asociado”) in 1952, which defines today’s political relations between the two countries. I refer to the work of three historians (Alegría et al, 1988; Silvestrini & Luque de Sánchez, 1988; and Scarano, 2000) as a mirror to explore how the events are conceptualized within the analyzed textbooks and how these are conceived and written by historians. I analyzed the selected textbooks utilizing the Norman Fairclough’s (1989, 2003) approach to critical discourse analysis. Critical discourse analysis (CDA) is the study of written and spoken texts to reveal the discursive sources of power, dominance, inequality and bias. I compared how the selected historical events are described within the work of Puerto Rican historians, versus how these are conceptualized within the textbooks selected for analysis. During the process I examined the wording used, events included, events omitted, and the nature and extent of details provided for each, among other linguistic features. The analysis suggest that the conceptualization of the Hispanic-American War and the 54 years after US invasion to Puerto Rico correlates to the political agenda of the political parties in power at the moment of the production of each history textbook. Moreover, I aimed to explore how the conceptualization of the PR-US relations might participate in the self- destructive discourses among the Puerto Rican population, as identified by other researchers on the field of psychology and sociologyMi estudio analiza dos libros de texto para estudiantes del 7mo grado, uno retirado del Departamento de Educación de Puerto Rico (DEPR) en año 2002, titulado “Puerto Rico: Tierra Adentro, Mar Afuera” (Picó & Rivera, 1991) y el texto que le remplazó, “Historia y Geografía de Puerto Rico 7” (Cardona, Mafuz, Rodríguez, et al. 2002), actualmente en uso dentro del DEPR. Utilizando la pedagogía crítica como el marco teórico de mi investigación, analizo cómo se conceptualiza la relación histórica entre Puerto Rico y Estados Unidos en ambos libros de texto, ambos distribuidos bajo la administración política de partidos políticos diferentes. Los eventos históricos analizados pretenden abarcar el comienzo de las relaciones políticas entre ambos países hasta su relación actual. Estos eventos son: La guerra Hispano-Americana en 1898; la Ley Foraker, en 1900; la Ley Jones, de 1917; y la Ley Orgánica 600 (o “Estado Libre Asociado”) en 1952. Como ventana hacia los eventos históricos analizados, me refiero al trabajo de tres historiadores puertorriqueños (Alegría et al, 1988; Silvestrini & Luque de Sánchez, 1988; y Scarano, 2000) y comparo cómo estos eventos son escritos y conceptualizados por historiadores, versus cómo son representados en los libros de texto escolares. El análisis se llevó a cabo utilizando el modelo de análisis de discurso crítico de Norman Fairclough (1989, 2003). Análisis del discurso crítico es es el estudio de texto escrito o hablado a fin de de-construir discursos de poder, dominancia, inequidad y prejuicio. Durante el proceso se examinó el lenguaje utilizado en ambos textos, eventos incluidos, eventos omitidos, y la naturaleza y detalles provistos para cada uno de ellos, entre otras características lingüísticas. El estudio sugiere que la conceptualización de la Guerra Hispano-Americana y los 54 años posteriores a la invasión estadounidense en Puerto Rico están correlacionados con la agenda política de los partidos políticos en el poder al momento de la distribución de los libros de texto analizados. Adicionalmente, exploro cómo la percepción de las relaciones políticas entre PR y EEUU pudiera participar en discursos auto-destructivos presentes en la población puertorriqueña, como han identificado otros investigadores en el campo de la psicología y la sociología
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Anderson, Jeremy. "Colonialism and Catastrophe: Hurricanes, Empire, and Society in Puerto Rico and Cuba." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2019. https://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/2144.
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This thesis explores the relationship between colonialism and the environment through a study of hurricanes in Cuba and Puerto Rico. Because hurricanes do not discriminate between international borders, they reveal much about the influences of political, economic, and social structures on vulnerability to hurricanes, hurricane preparation, and hurricane relief efforts. The Caribbean is a region that has been disproportionately impacted by hurricanes. It is also a region that has been wholly shaped by colonization. Prior to Christopher Columbus’ arrival in the Caribbean, natives on islands like Puerto Rico and Cuba built and structured their societies around hurricanes and other catastrophes. Different aspects of colonialism altered the relationship between Puerto Ricans and Cubans and their respective environments. Though Puerto Rico and Cuba share incredibly similar histories, competing trajectories have emerged on both islands as they have undergone processes of decolonization and independence. An examination of Cuban and Puerto Rican history prior to Hurricane Irma and Hurricane María in 2017 provides a deeper understanding of the divergent histories of both islands. Ultimately, this study demonstrates that the legacy of colonialism continues to impact the identities and security of Cuba and Puerto Rico today.
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Ayala, Karen M. "Hacienda La Monserrate : a historic structure report and rehabilitation recommendations." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/902473.
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For almost 450 years the island of Puerto Rico has had an agricultural economy based on the cultivation and production of sugar. Sugar plantations became small communities within towns with distinctive structures and buildings. When large scale commercial sugar production ceased, plantation houses were abandoned and have deteriorated to the point of collapse. A small number of plantation houses are still standing in defiance of progress and their own deterioration.Plantation houses represent part of Puerto Rico's economic and social history and deserve to be preserved. As a result of their architectural significance and uncertain future, plantation houses throughout the Island, should be documented.The focus of this Creative Project is the documentation of the main house in La Monserrate sugar plantation and present recommendations for its rehabilitation and adaptive reuse. This plantation house is located in Manati, a town along the north coast of Puerto Rico. The document will cover a variety of subjects all related with the history of the development of the sugar industry and its influence in Puerto Rico's architecture. The document includes both, a comprehensive analysis of the house and preliminary recommendations for its future adaptive reuse.It is the author's hope that this document will increase public awareness about the importance of preserving this particular building as well as some of the cultural and economic advantages of historic preservation. The community needs to understand and appreciate their built heritage and restoring and rehabilitating the main house in Hacienda La Monserrate can be the first step to achieve it.Department of Architecture
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Pérez-Padilla, Rita M. "De pura cepa: Seis cuentos de Puerto Rico, 1548–2017." Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1526397339724881.
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Firpo, Julio R. "Forming a Puerto Rican Identity in Orlando: The Puerto Rican Migration to Central Florida, 1960 - 2000." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5207.
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The Orlando Metropolitan Statistical Area became the fastest growing Puerto Rican population since 1980. While the literature has grown regarding Orlando's Puerto Rican community, no works deeply analyze the push and pull factors that led to the mass migration of Puerto Ricans to Central Florida. In fact, it was the combination of deteriorating economies in both Puerto Rico and New York City (the two largest concentrations of Puerto Ricans in the United States) and the rise of employment opportunities and cheap cost of living in Central Florida that attract Puerto Ricans from the island the diaspora to the region. Furthermore, Puerto Ricans who migrated to the region established a support network that further facilitated future migration and created a Puerto Rican community in the region. This study uses the combination of primary sources including government document (e.g. U.S. Censuses, Orange County land deeds, etc.), local and nation newspapers, and oral histories from Puerto Ricans living in Central Florida since the early 1980s to explain the process in which Puerto Ricans formed their identity in Orlando since 1980. The result is a history of the Puerto Rican migration to Central Florida and the roots of Orlando's Puerto Rican community.ID: 031001370; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: Luis Mart?¡nez-Fern?índez.; Title from PDF title page (viewed May 20, 2013).; Thesis (M.A.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 125-130).
M.A.
Masters
History
Arts and Humanities
History; Public History
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Viera, Vargas Hugo René. "De-centering identities popular music and the (un)making of nation in Puerto Rico, 1898-1940 /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3331262.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 23, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: A, page: 4468. Adviser: Arlene Diaz.
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Santana, José. "An Absent History: The Marks of Africa on Puerto Rican Popular Catholicism." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1500482261688046.
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Perez, Matthew B. "Intersections of Puerto Rican Activists' Responses to Oppression." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1275957393.
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Diaz, Velez Jorge. "Una Mirada Dialectica a las Representaciones Discursivas de la Invasion Estadounidense a Puerto Rico en 1898." Thesis, University of California, Berkeley, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10278213.
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The Spanish-American War of 1898 ended Spain’s colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere, and represented the symbolic pinnacle of U.S. imperialism throughout the Caribbean and the Pacific. During this historical juncture, the U.S. launched the invasion of Puerto Rico and established itself as the governing power. My analysis of this defining event in Puerto Rico’s history focuses on the ‘discursive’ and ‘representational’ practices through which the dominant representations and interpretations of the Puerto Rican campaign were constructed. In revisiting the U.S. ‘imperial texts’ of ’98, most of which have not been studied extensively, it is my intent to approach these narratives critically, studying their ideological and political significance regarding the U.S. acquisition of Puerto Rico as a colony.
The ‘War of ’98’ has been typically represented as an inter-metropolitan conflict, thus relegating to a secondary place the contestatory discourses produced within the colonies. It is the purpose of my dissertation to examine ‘dialectically’ the cultural counter-discourse produced by the Puerto Rican Creole elite alongside the U.S. official discourses on Puerto Rico, concerning its colonial past under Spanish domination, the military occupation of the island, and its political and economical future under the American flag. With this purpose in mind, I chose to study four post-1898 Puerto Rican novels, specifically José Pérez Losada’s La patulea (1906) and El manglar (1907), and Ramón Juliá Marín’s Tierra adentro (1912) and La gleba (1913), all of which have been underestimated and understudied by literary scholars.
As a gesture of resistance in the face of the disruption of the old social order (that is, the old patterns of life, customs, traditions and standards of value) caused by the U.S. invasion and occupation of Puerto Rico in 1898, the island’s intellectual elite—most of which were descendant of the displaced coffee hacendado families—responded by fabricating an ideology-driven national imaginary and iconography that proposed a hispanophile, nostalgic, and romanticized rendering of the late-19th century coffee landscape (i.e. the pre-invasion period) as an idyllic locus amoenus, thus becoming an emblem of national and cultural identity and values against American capitalist imperialism, the ‘Americanization’ of Puerto Rico’s economy and political system, and the rapid expansion of U.S. corporate sugar interests.
This dissertation has two distinct yet complementary purposes: first, it examines critically the imperial/colonial power relations between the United States and Puerto Rico since 1898, while questioning the hegemonic discourses both by the Americans and the Puerto Rican cultural elite regarding Puerto Rico’s historical and political paths; secondly, it is an attempt to do justice to the literary works of two overlooked Puerto Rican novelists, approaching them critically on several levels (historical, literary, and ideological) and bringing their works out of the shadows and into today’s renewed debates around Puerto Rico’s unresolved colonial status and U.S. colonial practices still prevalent today.
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Logsdon, Zachary Thomas. "Subjects Into Citizens: Puerto Rican Power and the Territorial Government, 1898-1923." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1588198503239923.
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Borges, Cristóbal A. "Vieques: Island of Conflict and Dreams." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4436/.
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This written thesis is a companion to a 30-minute documentary video of the same title. The documentary is a presentation of the historical conflict between the United States Navy and the people of the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico. For over 60 years the island was used by the United States Navy as a military training facility. The documentary attempts to present an analysis of the struggle between citizens of the island and the Navy. This written component presents a summarized history of Puerto Rico, Vieques and the conflict with the United States Navy. In addition, the preproduction, production and post-production process of the documentary are discussed. A theoretical analysis of the filmmaker's approach and technique are addressed and analyzed as well. The thesis's goal is to provide a clear understanding of the Vieques conflict to United States audiences who do not a familiarity with the topic. The thesis is presented from the perspective of a person who grew up in Puerto Rico.
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Sifres, Fernandez Vincent. "Poderes, sanidad y marginacion| El colera morbo en la ciudad de San Juan Bautista de Puerto Rico a mediados del siglo XIX." Thesis, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras (Puerto Rico), 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3708252.
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Esta tesis doctoral gira en torno a las medidas disciplinarias que se establecieron antes, durante y después del embate de la epidemia de cólera en la ciudad amurallada de San Juan, Puerto Rico, entre los años 1854 y 1856, con miras a resaltar las nociones del poder, biopolítica, sanidad, higiene, marginación y desarrollo urbano. El análisis exhaustivo de las Actas del Cabildo de la ciudad de San Juan fue fundamental para determinar cuán preparadas estaban las autoridades civiles, militares y sanitarias durante el periodo de estudio. A través de su revisión, se observa cómo los cabilderos, atendían el problema de la presencia de los bohíos en la Capital, considerados como focos de contagio y propagación de enfermedades. Desde antes que llegara la epidemia de cólera a San Juan, las autoridades buscaban la manera de eliminar los bohíos existentes dentro de la ciudad amurallada. El uso de una biopolítica por las autoridades, entiéndase como “la política de la salud del pueblo”, justificaron y señalaron que estas viviendas representaban ser un peligro para la población sanjuanera. Algunos historiadores afirman que fallecieron aproximadamente 500 personas de diferentes “castas” en la ciudad de San Juan por el cólera. Según los datos obtenidos del Libro de Defunciones de la Catedral de San Juan los resultados son distintos. Toda persona fallecida por la epidemia de cólera fue enterrada en fosas comunes llamadas cementerios colerientos. La hipótesis planteada durante esta investigación establece que la epidemia de cólera fue el agente catalítico para crear pánico en la ciudad de San Juan y así ejercer la presión necesaria para eliminar los bohíos y a los habitantes considerados como focos de enfermedades contagiosas.
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Reymundi-Micheo, Jennifer. "History within the Wall Transition & Transformation The Transition of Architecture to Art." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9757.
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We are living in a fast track world, where technology increasingly dictates our way of life. With technology progressing faster than ever and infiltrating our jobs and homes, we are forced to adapt to this way of life in order to keep up with out ever-changing world. Cities are experiencing changes as well. Buildings are becoming obsolete while creating great strain on the cities. In the long term, we need to allow our cities to adapt and change with us. Otherwise, their inability to adapt and be flexible to our changing needs will cause them to become ruins.
We are in need for flexible spaces that not only serve us, but also technology yet to come. Cities are in demand for buildings that withstand a metamorphosis. It is our duty to recognize usable buildings and their architectural contribution in order to increase their life span.
Architecture affects us. It affects our moods and lifts our spirit, ultimately contributing to our well-being. Consequently, spatial quality is a very importantfactor. Light and shadows, scale, vertical and horizontal movement, sound control, temperature and color influence the quality of a space. Space is transformed by means of layers, material finishes, and movement sequences to name a few. fter all, is not the act of transforming something, also discovering that which was always there?Master of Architecture
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Sakaguchi, Sean Y. "The Modern Administrative State: Why We Have ‘Big Government’ and How to Run and Reform Bureaucratic Organizations." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2016. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1325.
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This work asserts that bureaucratic organization is not only an inevitable part of the modern administrative state, but that a high quality bureaucracy within a strongly empowered executive branch is an ideal mechanism for running government in the modern era. Beginning with a philosophical inquiry into the purpose of American government as we understand it today, this paper responds to criticisms of the role of expanded government and develops a framework for evaluating the quality of differing government structures. Following an evaluation of the current debate surrounding bureaucracies (from both proponents and critics), this thesis outlines the lessons and principles for structuring and managing an efficient bureaucracy. Finally, this paper concludes with two case studies – Puerto Rican bureaucratic failures and Japanese/Chinese national development – to consider the effects of compliance and non-compliance to the lessons outlined in this work. The inquiry finds that principles such as specialization, political autonomy, effective information systems, higher accountability standards, and managerial emphasis on policy implementation are all critical to superior bureaucratic governance.
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Vasquez, Cesar A. "A History of the United States Caribbean Defense Command (1941-1947)." FIU Digital Commons, 2016. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/2458.
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The United States Military is currently organized along the lines of regional combatant commands (COCOMs). Each COCOM is responsible for all U.S. military activity in their designated area of responsibility (AOR). They also deal with diplomatic issues of a wide variety with the countries within their respective AORs. Among these COCOMs, Southern Command (SOUTHCOM), whose AOR encompasses all of Central and South America (less Mexico) and the Caribbean, is one of the smallest in terms of size and budget, but has the longest history of activity among the COCOMs as it is the successor to the first joint command, the United States Caribbean Defense Command (CDC 1941-1947).
Existing from 1941 to 1947, the CDC was tasked with protecting the Panama Canal, the Canal Zone, and all its access points as well as defending the region from Axis aggression and setting up a series of U.S. bases throughout the Caribbean from which to project U.S. military power after World War II. Throughout its short history, however, the CDC was plagued with the same types of resource scarcity that its successor commands would later experience. Early successes, as well as the progress of the war saw to it that the original mission of the Command was quickly rendered moot. Ironically, it was partially the success of the U.S. war effort that kept the CDC from ever reaching its full potential. Nevertheless, the CDC evolved into something different than had originally been envisioned. In the end, it became the model that other COCOMs would follow after November 1947 when the system of regional combatant commands was formally established. Although some research has been conducted into the history of these commands, this dissertation is the first academic attempt to chronicle the history of the United States Caribbean Defense Command.
Research into this topic involved combing through the Archives of the United States Southern Command in its offices in Miami, Florida (SOUTHCOM Archives), as well as the CDC archives in Record Group 548 in the U.S. National Archives II in Suitland, Maryland. Secondary sources as well as references regarding treaties and international agreements were also consulted as necessary.
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Ruiz, Mestre Hermelindo. "GUITAR ARRANGEMENTS OF SELECTED DANZAS OF JUAN F. ACOSTA, WITH NEW CONSIDERATIONS OF HIS MUSIC AND MUSICAL LIFE." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/125.
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Juan Francisco Acosta (1890-1968) was a prolific composer, band conductor, and educator from Puerto Rico who created 1,256 original compositions. Even though his activities and influence were integral to the musical life of Puerto Rico in the twentieth century, many details of his life and works remain unknown.
This project centers on Acosta’s contribution to the Puerto Rican tradition of the danza—a dance-based genre originating in the nineteenth century—through the study and arrangement of five of Acosta's danzas. Although Acosta composed most danzas for piano, he adapted them for performances by the municipal bands that he led in various towns. This practice of modifying his works for different instruments, as well as the importance of the guitar in Latin America, underpins the author’s choice to arrange his piano music for varied types of guitar combinations, including solo, duo, trio, and quartet. The five works are Bajo la sombra de un pino, Mercedes, Eres una santa, Dulce María, and In memoriam.
The guitar arrangements of these five danzas are preceded by important information on the composer within the Puerto Rican music world, with emphasis on the intersections of the band and danza traditions. To enhance the study of these works, this document discusses basic stylistic features, including a comparison of forms, rhythms, and dance characters, and relates Acosta's treatment of the danza puertorriqueña to approaches of his Puerto Rican contemporaries. This document also includes performance guidelines to introduce Acosta's danza style to student and professional players.
Based on primary biographical and musical sources, this study presents a foundation for a clearer understanding of the life and works of Acosta upon which further research, analysis, and criticism can be conducted. The arrangements offer a fresh look at new guitar repertoire using the peculiarities of rhythms and traditions of Puerto Rican and Carribean heritage. The arrangements also serve a pedagogical purpose by adding to the existing repertoire of ensemble music for the classical guitar.
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Torregrosa, Enid. "Rehabilitation plan for Central Aguirre : the first American company town built in the island of Puerto Rico." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/845961.
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Puerto Rico, the smallest island of the Great Antilles , has an area of 3,400 square miles. Its major language is Spanish and it is a Commonwealth of the United States of America. The population is approximately 3.6 millions and historically had an agricultural-based economy. However, today, because of its geographic location and tropical environment , the major economic industry is tourism. Thousands of people visit the island annually to enjoy the natural scenery and experience the rich cultural heritage that it offers.Studies have shown that the majority of tourists stay in the northern part of the island where the main attractions are Old San Juan, El Yunque National Rain Forest, and the Luquillo Beach. There has been limited tourism in the southern region, where a different climatic environment prevails. As a result, a different variety of natural scenery and ecological systems exists. The most popular tourist attractions in the south are: Ponce, the second largest city; San German, the second oldest town; and, the Phosphorescent Bay in Guanica. These towns are located in close proximity to each other and, thus, a need exists to spread tourism to the rest of the southern coast.One strategy to attract tourists to this area is to rehabilitate sugar plantations that are within the region. It is on the southern coast where most of the sugar industry was established, including the two largest ones. Although this industry is presently suffering a recession, at one time it was the country's leading export. This rehabilitation will allow tourists, as well as islanders, the opportunity to experience how the sugar industry used to be. As a paradox, I am proposing a new economic boom via tourism that focuses -on a "once major income producer."Central Aguirre, in the town of Salinas, will be used as a case study for this rehabilitation plan. It is located five miles southwest of the town of Guayama, a district under consideration for listing on the National Register of Historic Places. This center of sugar production used to be the second largest in the country. The complex itself is a miniature town,built in approximately ninety-five acres. It serves as one of the best examples of the physical and social hierarchy established between the owners and the laborers. The factory closed abruptly operations in January 1991. The proposed rehabilitation intend to offers the visitor an interpretation of the way this community used to be. It will provide lodging facilities by the rehabilitation of existing cottages and laborers housing, and hotels. The historic railroad system, which the government is committed to restore, will serve as the major transportation system to the interior of Central Aguirre.The author believes that a country's heritage must be used to promote tourism. But there must be a comprehensive plan that establishes tourist trade as a vehicle for enhancing restoration and protection of historic sites and monuments. This project proposes such a plan.Department of Architecture
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Escondo, Kristina A. "Anti-Colonial Archipelagos: Expressions of Agency and Modernity in the Caribbean and the Philippines, 1880-1910." The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1405510408.
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Soric, Kristina Maria. "Empires of Fiction: Coloniality in the Literatures of the Nineteenth-Century Iberian Empires after the Age of Atlantic Revolutions." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1502913220147523.
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Fonseca, Delgado José Antonio. "La Televisión en Puerto Rico: contexto, historia, estructura y análisis de la oferta de contenidos de las cadenas de televisión en abierto en los inicios del siglo XXI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/673641.
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La present tesi "La Televisió a Puerto Rico: context, història, estructura i anàlisi de l'oferta de continguts a les cadenes de televisió en obert en els inicis de segle XXI", pretén ser un text de referència per a investigadors i professionals de la indústria televisiva porto-riquenya, a través d'l'anàlisi històrica de la televisió a l'illa des dels seus inicis fins als anys posteriors a la implantació de la televisió Digital Terrestre (TDT).
Prenent com a punt de partida el complex context sociopolític porto-riqueny, i per entendre els entramats de la relació de la indústria televisiva amb la situació política de l'illa, aquesta investigació exposa en primera instància els antecedents històrics de l'naixement i el funcionament de la televisió a Puerto ric dins d'un sistema mediàtic colonial.
En aquest context històric, legislatiu i socioeconòmic de l'illa, pren especial rellevància l'estudi dels seus referents culturals. En aquest sentit, la present tesi doctoral es planteja també com a objectiu l'anàlisi dels continguts televisius dels canals locals porto-riquenys específicament entre els anys 2002 a 2006, i 2012 i 2014. Les graelles programàtiques són "el resultat d'una activitat que serveix per ajustar l'oferta comunicativa i els interessos comercials, polítics o ideològics de l'emissor, a les disponibilitats i preferències de l'audiència "(Gómez-Escalonilla, 2002, pàg. 1). Aquesta activitat consisteix en la ubicació dels productes comunicatius idonis per a una determinada audiència, en el temps disponible per a l'emissió.
En síntesi, aquesta investigació planteja com a objecte d'estudi la programació televisiva a Puerto Rico, desenvolupant una anàlisi de l'oferta de continguts de les cadenes de televisió: Telemundo (Puerto Rico), Televicentro, TUTV / PRTV i Univision (Puerto Rico). Així, es planteja l'estudi dels programes que al costat de les franges d'horari ofereixen l'articulació i fragmentació de les graelles de programació televisiva de cada cadena o d'un conjunt de cadenes de televisió o network.
Aquest treball investigador no pretén analitzar la programació televisiva com un fenomen social. El nostre propòsit és descriure l'estructura de la indústria televisiva porto-riquenya emmarcada dins un context històric com a marc de referència per entendre les transformacions que van sorgir en l'estructura televisiva i analitzar l'oferta de continguts de la programació televisiva a Puerto Rico durant els primers anys de segle XXI .La presente tesis "La Televisión en Puerto Rico: contexto, historia, estructura y análisis de la oferta de contenidos en las cadenas de televisión en abierto en los inicios del siglo XXI", pretende ser un texto de referencia para investigadores y profesionales de la industria televisiva puertorriqueña, a través del análisis histórico de la televisión en la Isla desde sus inicios hasta los años posteriores a la implantación de la Televisión Digital Terrestre (TDT). Tomando como punto de partida el complejo contexto sociopolítico puertorriqueño, y para entender los entramados de la relación de la industria televisiva con la situación política de la Isla, esta investigación expone en primera instancia los antecedentes históricos del nacimiento y el funcionamiento de la televisión en Puerto Rico dentro de un sistema mediático colonial. En este contexto histórico, legislativo y socioeconómico de la Isla, toma especial relevancia el estudio de sus referentes culturales. En este sentido, la presente tesis doctoral se plantea también como objetivo el análisis de los los contenidos televisivos de los canales locales puertorriqueños específicamente entre los años 2002 al 2006, y 2012 y 2014. Las parrillas programáticas son "el resultado de una actividad que sirve para ajustar la oferta comunicativa y los intereses comerciales, políticos o ideológicos del emisor, a las disponibilidades y preferencias de la audiencia" (Gómez-Escalonilla, 2002, p. 1). Esta actividad consiste en la ubicación de los productos comunicativos idóneos para una determinada audiencia, en el tiempo disponible para la emisión. En síntesis, esta investigación plantea como objeto de estudio la programación televisiva en Puerto Rico, desarrollando un análisis de la oferta de contenidos de las cadenas de televisión: Telemundo (Puerto Rico), Televicentro, TuTV/PRTV y Univision (Puerto Rico). Así, se plantea el estudio de los programas que junto a las franjas de horario ofrecen la articulación y fragmentación de las parrillas de programación televisiva de cada cadena o de un conjunto de cadenas de televisión o network. Este trabajo investigativo no pretende analizar la programación televisiva como un fenómeno social. Nuestro propósito es describir la estructura de la industria televisiva puertorriqueña enmarcada dentro un contexto histórico como marco de referencia para entender las transformaciones que surgieron en la estructura televisiva y analizar la oferta de contenidos de la programación televisiva en Puerto Rico durante los primeros años del siglo XXI.
"This thesis ""Television in Puerto Rico: context, history, structure and analysis of the content offer on free-to-air television channels in the early 21st century"", aims to be a reference text for researchers and industry professionals Puerto Rican television network, through the historical analysis of television on the Island from its beginnings to the years after the implementation of Digital Terrestrial Television (DTT). Taking as a starting point the complex Puerto Rican sociopolitical context, and to understand the frameworks of the relationship of the television industry with the political situation of the Island, this investigation first exposes the historical antecedents of the birth and operation of television in Puerto Rich within a colonial media system. In this historical, legislative and socioeconomic context of the Island, the study of its cultural references takes special relevance. In this sense, the present doctoral thesis also sets out as an objective the analysis of the television contents of the local Puerto Rican channels specifically between the years 2002 to 2006, and 2012 and 2014. The programmatic grills are "the result of an activity that serves to adjust the communicative offer and the commercial, political or ideological interests of the issuer, to the availability and preferences of the audience "(Gómez-Escalonilla, 2002, p. 1). This activity consists of the location of the ideal communication products for a certain audience, in the time available for the broadcast. In summary, this research raises television programming in Puerto Rico as an object of study, developing an analysis of the content offer of television networks: Telemundo (Puerto Rico), Televicentro, TuTV / PRTV and Univision (Puerto Rico). Thus, the study of the programs that together with the time slots offer the articulation and fragmentation of the television programming grids of each chain or of a set of television channels or networks is proposed. This investigative work does not attempt to analyze television programming as a social phenomenon. Our purpose is to describe the structure of the Puerto Rican television industry framed within a historical context as a frame of reference to understand the transformations that arose in the television structure and to analyze the content offer of television programming in Puerto Rico during the first years of the 21st century.
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Comunicació Audiovisual i Publicitat
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Walker, Leslie Paul Jr. "Narrating Climate Change at the San Juan National Historic Site at the Community Level." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5792.
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While the National Park Service is charged with interpreting and preserving areas designated as park resources, they must also manage environmental issues such as erosion resulting from climate change. This research sets out to narrate how Palo Seco, Puerto Rico, a neighboring community of the San Juan National Historic Site, perceives similar environmental conditions and motivations for addressing these issues. My research sits at the intersection between the park’s charter and understanding community implications of environmental changes that affect local heritage. Using Authorized Heritage Discourse and environmental justice as theoretical frameworks, I suggest that the National Park Service should include the observations of climate change from Palo Seco community to broaden Park Service’s understanding and preservation policies. I also recommend the National Park Service utilize cultural resource management guidelines to develop programs that facilitate collaborative research projects with the Palo Seco community to not only address mutual issues of climate changes but also document local heritage knowledge that can enhance the Park’s interpretation and preservation efforts.
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Sloan, Toraño Randle. "La fabricación del taíno. Concepto étnico-cultural y desventajas de una nomenclatura para la historia insular caribeña." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Jaume I, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.6035/14105.2021.761725.
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Constantino Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz propuso el término taíno en 1836 como lengua y raza de Haití (Ayti) logrando un impresionante éxito académico durante casi dos siglos. Este fenómeno científico alteró la cultura y la historia de las naciones nativas y las sociedades tribales precolombinas en el marco espacial de Cuba, Puerto Rico, República Dominicana y Haití.
Esta tesis doctoral organiza una investigación analítica que revisa el estado de la ciencia para identificar soluciones a la estandarización del término taíno y su terminología. Con base en el extenso material bibliográfico, probamos los patrones cronológicos actuales para identificar el estado actual del conocimiento de los expertos y las comunidades con respecto a las culturas nativas.Constantin Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz proposed the term Taíno in 1836 as a language and race of Haiti (Ayti) achieving an impressive academic success for nearly two centuries. This scientific phenomenon altered the culture and history of pre-Columbian native nations and tribal societies in the spatial framework of Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, and Haiti. This doctoral thesis organizes an analytical investigation reviewing the state of the science to identify solutions to the standardization of the Taíno term and its terminology. Based on the extensive bibliographic material, we tested the current chronological patterns to identify the current state of knowledge of experts and communities regarding the native Caribbean cultures and history. We point out results aimed at restoring ethnonyms, exonyms, and the history of pre-Columbian natives in the Caribbean, interlacing concepts such as the rebirth and survival of the Caribbean native culture in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, based on the recent DNA results and societal needs. Therefore, a scientific terminology without historical basis cannot be representative of communities that would confuse it with a real ancestor.
Programa de Doctorat en Història i Estudis Contemporanis
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Farella, Joshua. "Terminus Ante Quem Constraint of Pueblo Occupation Periods in the Jemez Province, New Mexico." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/578603.
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Using dendroecological and archaeological methods and data we investigated the temporal dynamics of forest regeneration and fire history following depopulation of four large Pueblo IV period (1300-1600) villages on the Jemez Plateau, New Mexico. With tree rings we reconstructed the timing of reforestation on village footprints after depopulation–a novel approach to terminus ante quem dating of site occupation. Our tree-ring based forest age structure and fire history chronologies enabled us to reduce by 51 to 70 years the range of previous estimates of village depopulation dates derived primarily from terminal ceramic assemblages. One of the four village sites we investigated was depopulated in 1696, two were depopulated between 1625 and 1700 CE, while the fourth village was depopulated earlier (pre 1500), but the area was likely in continued use for agriculture or other seasonal purposes until the mid-1600s. Our results indicate that the Jemez were highly influential ecological agents. Forest structure and fire regime dynamics changed greatly after the departure of most people from these landscapes after circa 1650 CE. The terminus ante quem methods that we demonstrate in the Jemez Mountains have strong potential to constrain and refine low temporal resolution chronologies of human occupation at archaeological sites within other forested ecosystems of the Southwest and elsewhere.
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Meyers, Emily Taylor 1979. "Transnational romance: The politics of desire in Caribbean novels by women." Thesis, University of Oregon, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/10232.
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xi, 236 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number.Writers in the Caribbean, like writers throughout the postcolonial world, return to colonial texts to rewrite the myths that justified and maintained colonial control. Exemplary of a widespread, regional phenomenon that begins at mid-century, writers such as Aimé Césaire and George Lamming take up certain texts such as Shakespeare's The Tempest and recast them in their own image. Postcolonial literary theory reads this act of rewriting the canon as a political one that speaks back to power and often advocates for political and cultural independence. Towards the end of the twentieth century and at the beginning of the twenty-first century, Caribbean women writers begin a new wave of rewriting that continues in this tradition, but with certain differences, not least of which is a focused attention to gender and sexuality and to the literary legacies of romance. In the dissertation I consider a number of novels from throughout the region that rewrite the romance, including Jean Rhys's Wide Sargasso Sea (1966), Maryse Condé's La migration des coeurs (1995), Mayra Santos-Febres's Nuestra señora de la noche (2006), and Dionne Brand's In Another Place, Not Here (1996). Romance, perhaps more than any other literary form, exerts an allegorical force that exceeds the story of individual characters. The symbolic weight of romance imagines the possibilities of a social order--a social order dependent on the sexual behavior of its citizens. By rewriting the romance, Caribbean women reconsider the sexual politics that have linked women with metaphorical constructions of the nation while at the same time detailing the extent to which transnational forces, including colonization, impact the representation of love and desire in literary texts. Although ultimately these novels refuse the generic requirements of the traditional resolution for romance (the so-called happy ending), they nonetheless gesture towards a reordering of community and a revised notion of kinship that recognizes the weight of both gendered and sexual identities in the Caribbean.
Committee in charge: Karen McPherson, Chairperson, Romance Languages; David Vazquez, Member, English; Tania Triana, Member, Romance Languages; Judith Raiskin, Outside Member, Womens and Gender Studies
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Praia, Felipe Schulz. "Para que cada Pueblo se govierne por si : modernidade política e atores indígenas na região do Rio da Prata (1810-1821)." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/173847.
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Esta pesquisa procura entender de que maneira as comunidades indígenas, em especial os guaranis, interpretaram os conflitos ocorridos a partir da eclosão de movimentos independentistas no espaço do Rio da Prata, durante os anos de 1810 e 1821 e, da mesma forma, como conceberam os ideais políticos modernos nos quais tais movimentos se baseavam. Além disso, busca se aproximar das formas de atuação desses sujeitos, evidenciando quais eram as possibilidades que se abriam a eles e quais motivações levavam em conta ao definirem suas posições. A partir da análise dos discursos de lideranças guaranis foi possível explicitar um apelo à condição de “índio” e a utilização de noções como “liberdade” e “autogoverno” relacionadas a experiências coletivas dos guaranis. Esses aspectos trazem à tona conflitos que não podem ser lidos através do dualismo “americanos versus europeus” e demonstram que estes respondiam a demandas locais e lógicas específicas da região missioneira. Da mesma forma, ao reconstruir a trajetória pessoal de um cacique guarani e relaciona-la à conjuntura política e econômica que imperava foi possível demonstrar o importante papel das lideranças tradicionais nativas durante a guerra e também evidenciar que sua atuação era condicionada pela busca de melhorias na sua condição, relacionando-se muito mais às suas conveniências que a uma crença nas noções políticas trazidas pelos movimentos emancipatórios.This research seeks to understand how the indigenous community, in particular the Guarani, interpreted the conflicts that occurred during the independence movements in Rio da Prata, during the years of 1810 and 1821, and, at the same time, how they conceived the modern political ideals on wich this movement were based. Besides that, the research tries to approach the forms of action of these subjects, showing what were the possibilities that they had and what motivations they considered to define their positions. From the analysis of the speeches of Guarani leaderships it was possible to make explicit an appeal to the condition of "índio” and the use of notions such as “freedom” and “self-government” related to the collective experiences of the Guarani people. These aspects bring to the surface conflicts that can not be read through the "American versus European" dualism and demonstrate that they responded to local demands and specific logics of the region. At the same time, by retrace the personal trajectory of a Guarani cacique and related it to the economic and politic conjuncture of the time, it was posible to demonstrate the important role of traditional native leaderships during the war and, likewise, showing that they were acting seeking improvements in their condictions, being much more aligned to their conveniences than to the belief in the political notions brought by the emancipatory movements.
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Benson, Jaime Eduardo. "Capitalist regulation and unequal integration: The case of Puerto Rico." 1993. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9316618.
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This dissertation postulates that as effect of the model of development adopted by Puerto Rican authorities since the late forties, Puerto Rico became a "Regional Armature" of U.S. intensive accumulation and monopolist regulation over the 1950-1980 period. The asymmetrical insertion of the island into U.S. intensive accumulation circuits, is documented through an account of the shares of local manufacturing assets, value added and employment represented by U.S. corporations, as well as by an approximation to the industrial linkages between Puerto Rico and the United States. The linkage with U.S. monopolist regulation is presented through the historical account of the gradual partial extension to the island of mainland regulation institutions such as; collective bargaining practices, welfare programs, the Federal Reserve, the consumer credit network and the oligopolistic structures in the final goods market. The asymmetry of the island's integration into U.S. accumulation and regulation networks is marked by the location of only certain phases of U.S. manufacturing activity, much higher unemployment levels, lower wages and less per capita federal aid in Puerto Rico as compared to other economic regions of the United States. It is argued that the island's participation in mainland mass production activities and Keynesian mainland macro-economic policies to stimulate aggregate demand during the 1950-1973 growth period, led to economies of scale in the production of consumer durables and to increases in real and social wages making possible the local adoption of mainland mass consumption patterns. It is also argued that these consumption patterns were partially maintained during the 1974-1989 crisis period through the direct income enhancement effect and the indirect credit enhancement effect of U.S. food stamps and the credit multiplier effect of corporate CD's in local banks. Stability tests for the intercept of the consumption function for durable goods were performed to back up the latter hypothesis. Finally, the generalization of low wage, low productive Neo-taylorist service jobs among small pockets of higher wage jobs in manufacturing and services, is presented as evidence of Puerto Rico's insertion into the new extensive accumulation patterns prevalent in the United States.
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Aponte-Gonzalez, Maria Pilar. "A history of the University of Puerto Rico Department of Music: 1965–2011." Thesis, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/41054.
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This study seeks to fill a knowledge gap on the history of the University of Puerto Rico Department of Music (UPRDM). With no recorded past and an uncertain future, this historical account and analysis of the UPRDM assesses the relevance of its contributions to the UPR and Puerto Rico from its founding in 1965 to the end of the UPR Strike of 2010-2011, considering how colonialism framed its historical development.
The UPRDM has played a vital role shaping public music education and research and has fostered innovative musical endeavors that have transformed Puerto Rican concert life. However, throughout the past decade, recurrent budget cuts; changes in cultural politics; continuous local and federal government intervention in administrative and academic matters, and strict austerity measures enacted since 2010, have brought the UPRDM face to face with a threat of permanent closure.
This historical narrative traces the development of the UPRDM from 1965–2011, with a focus on facilities, curriculum, music ensembles, musical activities, and departmental leadership. It also addresses the contributions of the UPRDM community to Puerto Rican music and analyzes the extent to which colonialism and cultural politics in Puerto Rico influenced the historical development of the UPRDM between 1965–2011.
Historical methods and techniques and interview procedures were employed for the data collection, analysis, and reporting of this history. Findings showed that the UPRDM community has been an active contributor to Puerto Rican music and music education over the decades and that changing cultural politics, and the direct intervention of local and federal government politics in fiscal and administrative matters at the University of Puerto Rico, have challenged the development of the UPRDM. Through this study, contemporary problems of public higher music education in Puerto Rico are addressed from a historical perspective.
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Castanha, Anthony. "Adventures in Caribbean indigeneity centering on resistance, survival and presence in Borikén (Puerto Rico)." Thesis, 2004. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=813772881&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233958984&clientId=23440.
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Schoen, Alice Renee. "A 7600-year Record of Environmental History from the Sediments of Laguna Tortuguero, Puerto Rico." 2011. http://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/1020.
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In 1987, Burney and collaborators (Journal of Archaeological Science (1994) 21, 273–281) recovered a ca. 8 m sediment core from the western basin of Laguna Tortuguero, Puerto Rico that spanned the last ca. 7000 calibrated years. They produced a detailed microscopic charcoal record, and from an initial peak in charcoal at ca. 5300 cal yr B.P. suggested that humans had colonized the island some 2000 years earlier than documented by the archaeological evidence then available. In 2008, two sediment cores were recovered from the eastern basin of Laguna Tortuguero. AMS dates on macrofossils indicate the profile extends to 7600 calibrated years, but it includes an interval with missing sediment marked by a layer of shell hash and bracketed by radiocarbon dates of 5144 and 1648 cal yr B.P. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic analyses show evidence for a drastic change in depositional environment following this event. Microscopic charcoal concentrations peak just below and at the contact of the shell hash, with the first of three high-charcoal levels positioned immediately above the date of 5144 cal yr B.P. The microscopic charcoal record appears to support the interpretations of Burney et al. (1994) of human colonization around 5300 cal yr B.P., although the fires recorded in the Laguna Tortuguero sediments may also be driven by regional climate shifts. Desiccation of Laguna Tortuguero, a hurricane or multiple hurricanes, or a tsunami could explain the missing sediments and the large change in depositional environment that occurs above the shell hash. AMS dating of sediment from the mud-water interface at the 2008 core site suggests a possible hard-water effect of ca. 1200 cal yr for dates on the algal gyttja above the shell hash, which if true would mean that the event that deposited the shell hash may have occurred as late as ca. 448 cal yr B.P. (A.D. 1502).
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Liard-Muriente, Carlos F. "The effectiveness of tax incentives in attracting investment: The case of Puerto Rico." 2003. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3110520.
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The contribution of this dissertation is the empirical understanding of the effectiveness of Puerto Rico's investment incentive program. In 1978 the local government enacted a tax incentive law, in an effort to decentralize the location of firms. The goal is to encourage firms to locate in rural/less developed areas outside the San Juan/Metro area. The government divided the island into three industrial zones. In the high industrial zone of the San Juan area, tax exemptions are available for only 10 years, in the intermediate industrial zone for 15 years, and in the low industrial zone tax exemptions are available for 20 years. The focus of the dissertation is to measure the impact of this program in four areas: (1) location of firms; (2) job expansion; (3) forgone revenues, and (4) a comparison of forgone revenues and job expansion benefits. Traditionally, Conditional Logit (CL) has been the methodology used for firm location analysis. However, CL confronts several limitations, and for that reason, I perform a Poisson Regression analysis. This methodology will give the same results as the CL model and, in certain cases related to location decisions, is a better approach since it handles more properly the limitations inherent in the CL methodology. Using Poisson Regression I find that firms tend to locate in a statistically significant fashion at both the intermediate and low zones. I analyze job expansion through Shift-Share (SS) analysis. One feature of SS analysis is its descriptive power when explaining the change in regional employment over time. Based on the Shift-Share analysis, I find that job expansion at both the intermediate and low zones is significantly higher than what would have occurred if these zone would have grown at the same rate of the high industrial zone. Finally, the program has a statistically significant negative impact on government revenues. In general, revenues naturally decline because firms are exempted from paying taxes through the program. This impact is greater within firms locating at both the intermediate and low zones. Nonetheless, forgone revenues are more than compensated, by salaries and wages earned in jobs created by firms.
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Gonzalez, Elisa M. "Food for Every Mouth: Nutrition, Agriculture, and Public Health in Puerto Rico, 1920s-1960s." Thesis, 2016. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8NZ87JP.
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During the middle decades of the twentieth century, Puerto Rico was transformed from an agrarian, mostly rural, and marginal U.S. colony into an industrialized, urbanized, and politically reorganized territory. For local administrators and public health experts, this transition necessitated confronting widespread mortality from infectious diseases and malnutrition as well as curbing population growth. This dissertation investigates the creation of knowledge about nutrition in Puerto Rico and its incorporation into political and public health practices during this transformative period. For this, it explores how nutrition sciences served to articulate debates about rural poverty and labor as well as how these notions informed distinct public health, welfare, and development interventions. It also analyzes the interaction between this activity on the island and global scientific debates and how local political economy and geopolitical priorities shaped approaches to the nutrition issue.
This dissertation first examines how nutrition became a public health concern during the interwar years through the work of biochemists, home economists, agronomists, and social workers. It then explores how these experts incorporated their assessments as part of rural hygiene programs during the Depression and of food policies during World War II. Finally, it analyzes the role of nutrition sciences in the implementation of child feeding programs, food enrichment regulations, dietary supplementation projects, and consumer education campaigns during the postwar years. It also traces the deployment of Puerto Rican nutrition experts as part of international public health and development programs. Throughout these decades, scientific innovations, conceptualizations of poverty, anxieties about overpopulation, and political economy priorities interacted in the articulation of nutrition ideas and their policy implications.
By analyzing these dynamics, the dissertation illustrates how nutrition expertise traveled and was reconfigured across scientific, governmental, and political spaces. During the 1930s and 1940s nutrition, agriculture, and public health experts advocated for a reconnection between the island’s food supply and local agricultural production as the fundamental strategy to improve Puerto Ricans’ diets and reform rural society. By the postwar years, these plans to promote agricultural diversification and greater food self-sufficiency became increasingly incongruous with the structural shifts provoked by the new development strategy of industrialization and modernization. Food technologies and innovations provided instruments for health policy makers to gradually adapt their agendas to these changes while recasting nutrition problems as technical issues to be fixed through the dissemination of new products, standards, and infrastructures.
The dissertation emphasizes the multiple geographical, disciplinary, and institutional exchanges that shaped how nutrition knowledge was conceived, translated, and generalized in health policy and political debates on the island. To do this, it draws upon archival evidence from government, philanthropic, and academic institutions at local, federal, and international settings. With this framework, the dissertation aims to situate Puerto Rico’s case within international health historiography by focusing on how the local emergence and circulation of nutrition ideas and practices related to global networks of medical and public health expertise. It also aims to contribute to the historiography of development and decolonization and the history of science and technology. Instead of explaining science and public health in Puerto Rico as the “good” effects of United States colonialism or as the transplantation of its biomedical traditions and technologies, this dissertation explores how the interaction between international, colonial, and local structures of power shaped the creation of nutrition knowledge, its political usages, and policy applications.
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Vivoni-Remus, Carlos Alfredo. "A history of the federal jurisdiction of wireless and broadcasting in Puerto Rico, 1898-1952: A case study in dependency." 1991. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI9207466.
Full textAbstract:
Through a historical narrative that considers the asymmetric relationship between the United States (U.S.) and Puerto Rico (P.R.), based on a dependency conceptual framework, major external (U.S.) and internal (P.R.) factors were analyzed to provide an interpretation that explains the federal jurisdiction of wireless and broadcasting in P.R. The different governmental structures approved by the U.S. Congress for the purpose of local government in the island of P.R.--the Foraker Act of 1900, the Jones Act of 1917, the Puerto Rico Federal Relations Act of 1950, and the Commonwealth status of 1952--as well as the activities of Puerto Rican groups were examined to determine how they challenged and/or supported the federal jurisdiction of wireless and broadcasting in the island. Federal regulations approved by the U.S. Congress to regulate wireless and broadcasting in the U.S.--the Wireless Ship Act of 1910, the Radio Act of 1912, the Radio Act of 1927, and the Communications Act of 1934--were examined to determine their impact in P.R. The activities of governmental and non-governmental U.S. groups, related to the wireless and broadcasting field, affecting Congressional actions and/or their direct actions in the island also entered the analysis. Based on Congressional documents, archival information, interviews, and other sources, the narrative developed in this dissertation describes a process whereby external factors were fundamental in determining the federal jurisdiction of wireless and broadcasting in P.R. To a large extent, the narrative details a colonial process whereby the U.S. government attempted, with relative success, to Americanize the island. The extension of federal jurisdiction to the island was imposed. As a consequence of the regulatory structure in the P.R. the "market model" prevailed in framing broadcasting in the island and commercial imperatives became the basis over which broadcasting would operate. The internal factors that played a role in the development of wireless and broadcasting regulation in P.R. were characterized by consent to U.S. hegemony, conceptual underdevelopment and timid initiatives circumscribed by Congressional limits.
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"The Caribbean at an arm's length: American imperial spectatorship in the Underwood & Underwood 1901 stereotour of Puerto Rico." Tulane University, 2021.
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archives@tulane.eduThe stereoscopic 3D images of Puerto Rico produced and distributed between 1900-1910 by the Kansas-based photographic company Underwood & Underwood are notable visual documents of the first years of the American occupation of the archipelago. While these images rely on visual imperial discourses of 17th and 18th-Century travel books, sketches and paintings of the British West Indies, they reveal a shift in aesthetics and innovations in the representations of space, landscape, territory, and inhabitants. Understanding that Underwood & Underwood’s stereoviews of Puerto Rico operated as aesthetic objects and recognizing their cultural and historical specificity, I focus on how the company negotiated technological and artistic discourses of the time, endowing stereography a privileged space in the production of knowledge. I argue that Underwood & Underwood constructed a mode of vision which embodied progress and the modern scientific transformation of Puerto Rico’s natural world and people into available resources for the American empire. On the one hand, they marketed their products as “modern,” proclaiming not only new ways of seeing but also new ways of knowing. On the other hand, the tactile quality of the stereoscopic viewing experience opened the imaginative possibility of establishing virtual bodily presence in space—a specific quality of the medium that suggested to viewers that they were virtually inhabiting the scenes. Within the context of the nascent American empire, these images created an imagined sense of participation in America’s contested annexation: viewers of these Puerto Rican scenes act as both witnesses and supervisors in the process of colonization, and the stereoviews commodify the island’s people and nature even as they operate as commodities themselves.
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Maria Alejandra Pautassi Restrepo
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"The Population History of the Caribbean: Perspectives from Ancient and Modern DNA Analysis." Doctoral diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.43982.
Full textAbstract:
abstract: Although the Caribbean has been continuously inhabited for the last 7,000 years, European contact in the last 500 years dramatically reshaped the cultural and genetic makeup of island populations. Several recent studies have explored the genetic diversity of Caribbean Latinos and have characterized Native American variation present within their genomes. However, the difficulty of obtaining ancient DNA from pre-contact populations and the underrepresentation of non-Latino Caribbean islanders in current research have prevented a complete understanding of genetic variation over time and space in the Caribbean basin. This dissertation uses two approaches to characterize the role of migration and admixture in the demographic history of Caribbean islanders. First, autosomal variants were genotyped in a sample of 55 Afro-Caribbeans from five islands in the Lesser Antilles: Grenada, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, Trinidad, and St. Vincent. These data were used to characterize genetic structure, ancestry and signatures of selection in these populations. The results demonstrate a complex pattern of admixture since European contact, including a strong signature of sex-biased mating and inputs from at least five continental populations to the autosomal ancestry of Afro-Caribbean peoples. Second, ancient mitochondrial and nuclear DNA were obtained from 60 skeletal remains, dated between A.D. 500–1300, from three archaeological sites in Puerto Rico: Paso del Indio, Punta Candelero and Tibes. The ancient data were used to reassesses existing models for the peopling of Puerto Rico and the Caribbean and to examine the extent of genetic continuity between ancient and modern populations. Project findings support a largely South American origin for Ceramic Age Caribbean populations and identify some genetic continuity between pre and post contact islanders. The above study was aided by development and testing of extraction methods optimized for recovery of ancient DNA from tropical contexts. Overall, project findings characterize how ancient indigenous groups, European colonial regimes, the African Slave Trade and modern labor movements have shaped the genomic diversity of Caribbean islanders. In addition to its anthropological and historical importance, such knowledge is also essential for informing the identification of medically relevant genetic variation in these populations.Dissertation/Thesis
Zipped file contains Appendices A-K. Supplemental tables, figures, protocols and spreadsheets associated with dissertation.
Doctoral Dissertation Anthropology 2017
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Franqui, Harry. "Fighting For the Nation: Military Service, Popular Political Mobilization and the Creation of Modern Puerto Rican National Identities: 1868-1952." 2010. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3412048.
Full textAbstract:
This project explores the military and political mobilization of rural and urban working sectors of Puerto Rican society as the Island transitioned from Spanish to U.S. imperial rule. In particular, my research is interested in examining how this shift occurs via patterns of inclusion-exclusion within the military and the various forms of citizenship that are subsequently transformed into socio-economic and political enfranchisement. Analyzing the armed forces as a culture-homogenizing agent helps to explain the formation and evolution of Puerto Rican national identities from 1868 to 1952, and how these evolving identities affected the political choices of the Island. This phenomenon, I argue, led to the creation of the Estado Libre Asociado in 1952. The role played by the tens of thousands of Puerto Ricans in the metropolitan military in the final creation of a populist project taking place under colonial rule in the Island was threefold. Firstly, these soldiers served as political leverage during WWII to speed up the decolonization process. Secondly, they incarnated the commonwealth ideology by fighting and dying in the Korean War. Finally, the Puerto Rican soldiers filled the ranks of the army of technicians and technocrats attempting to fulfill the promises of a modern industrial Puerto Rico after the returned from the wars. ^ In contrast to Puerto Rican popular national mythology and mainstream academic discourse that has marginalized the agency of subaltern groups; I argue that the Puerto Rican soldier was neither cannon fodder for the metropolis nor the pawn of the Creole political elites. Regaining their masculinity, upward mobility, and political enfranchisement were among some of the incentives enticing the Puerto Rican peasant into military service. The enfranchisement of subaltern sectors via military service ultimately created a very liberal, popular, and broad definition of Puerto Rico’s national identity. When the Puerto Rican peasant/soldier became the embodiment of the Commonwealth formula, the political leaders involved in its design were in fact responding to these soldiers’ complex identities, which among other things compelled them to defend the “American Nation” to show their Puertorriqueñidad . ^
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"The enlightenment and Spanish colonial administration: The life and myth of Alejandro Ramirez y Blanco in Guatemala, Puerto Rico, and Cuba, 1777-1821." Tulane University, 1997.
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Alejandro Ramirez y Blanco served the Spanish crown as Secretary to the Captain General of Guatemala, Intendent of Puerto Rico, and Intendent of Havana and Superintendent of Cuba. Historiography debates the efficacy of the institution of the intendency and of the character and merits of Ramirez himself. This study first examines the intellectual milieu in Enlightenment Europe that influenced Spain and the education of this intendent and then examines his life and work Ramirez accomplishments prove that the institution of the intendency was effective in implementing reforms, but that this depended on the man appointed to serve. In this case, Ramirez improved the conditions in Puerto Rico and Cuba and raised the standard of living of the residents through the building of coalitions between peninsular Spaniards and the colonial elite to implement beneficial changes. It also shows that continuation of these reforms after the tenure of a talented official depended on the quality of the men chosen for replacements and that in these two colonies, those who served after Ramirez, abandoned reforms, thus mitigating long-term benefits of his service Historians either eulogize or demonize Ramirez for the effects of his actions. This study determines that both are true, although those actions for which he draws criticism either remained within the mainstream of Spanish Enlightenment policies or came as a result of circumstances in which he served as an unknowing participant. Nevertheless, his devotion to service, his integrity, and his honesty serve as an example of the best that the Spanish crown offered its empireacase@tulane.edu
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Azank, Natasha. "The Guerilla Tongue": The Politics of Resistance in Puerto Rican Poetry." 2012. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations/AAI3498327.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation examines how the work of four Puerto Rican poets – Julia de Burgos, Clemente Soto Vélez, Martín Espada, and Naomi Ayala – demonstrates a poetics of resistance. While resistance takes a variety of forms in their poetic discourse, this project asserts that these poets have and continue to play an integral role in the cultural decolonization of Puerto Rico, which has been generally unacknowledged in both the critical scholarship on their work and the narrative of Puerto Rico’s anti-colonial struggle. Chapter One discuses the theoretical concepts used in defining a poetics of resistance, including Barbara Harlow’s definition of resistance literature, Edward Said’s concepts of cultural decolonization, and Jahan Ramazani’s theory of transnational poetics. Chapter Two provides an overview of Puerto Rico’s unique political status and highlights several pivotal events in the nation’s history, such as El Grito de Lares, the Ponce Massacre, and the Vieques Protest to demonstrate the continuity of the Puerto Rican people’s resistance to oppression and attempted subversion of their colonial status. Chapter Three examines Julia de Burgos’ understudied poems of resistance and argues that she employs a rhetoric of resistance through the use of repetition, personification, and war imagery in order to raise the consciousness of her fellow Puerto Ricans and to provoke her audience into action. By analyzing Clemente Soto Vélez’s use of personification, anaphora, and most importantly, juxtaposition, Chapter Four demonstrates that his poetry functions as a dialectical process and contends that the innovative form he develops throughout his poetic career reinforces his radical perspective for an egalitarian society. Chapter Five illustrates how Martín Espada utilizes rich metaphor, sensory details, and musical imagery to foreground issues of social class, racism, and economic exploitation across geographic, national, and cultural borders. Chapter six traces Naomi Ayala’s feminist discourse of resistance that denounces social injustice while simultaneously expressing a female identity that seeks liberation through her understanding of history, her reverence for memory, and her relationship with the earth. Ultimately, this dissertation argues that Burgos, Soto Vélez, Espada, and Ayala not only advocate for but also enact resistance and social justice through their art.
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Burke, Leah. "Heritage Sites." 2019. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/masters_theses_2/760.
Full textAbstract:
A written thesis to accompany the M.F.A. Exhibition Heritage Sites, in which vignettes of the artist’s personal and familial narratives become a backdrop for examining themes such as global tourism, the notion of universal heritage, and questioning Puerto Rico as a postcolonial place. A two channel short video layers archival imagery with original material to examine the ways Puerto Rico has been represented and misrepresented personally and globally.
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Merheb-Emanuelli, Ely Marie. "Preservation of urban design : the story of Paseo de Diego." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/31277.
Full textAbstract:
The original design of Paseo de Diego, inaugurated in 1981 as the first full pedestrian mall in Puerto Rico, vanished with the consent of the agencies in charge of historic preservation in the island. Lack of maintenance and other management issues, rather than the architecture itself, led to a revitalization project that erased a vibrant and distinctive example of modernist urban design by a notable Puerto Rican architect in the barrio of Río Piedras, which is currently being nominated to the National Register of Historic Places. The story of Paseo de Diego recounts the mall's development and recent replacement with a redesign that raises serious questions about age, preservation of rich urban layering, and the policies and regulations protecting significant historic urban fabric.