Relevant bibliographies by topics / PUFAs

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'PUFAs'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 6 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "PUFAs"

1

Liin, Sara I., Malin Silverå Ejneby, Rene Barro-Soria, Mark Alexander Skarsfeldt, Johan E. Larsson, Frida Starck Härlin, Teija Parkkari, et al. "Polyunsaturated fatty acid analogs act antiarrhythmically on the cardiac IKs channel." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 18 (April 21, 2015): 5714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1503488112.

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) affect cardiac excitability. Kv7.1 and the β-subunit KCNE1 form the cardiac IKs channel that is central for cardiac repolarization. In this study, we explore the prospects of PUFAs as IKs channel modulators. We report that PUFAs open Kv7.1 via an electrostatic mechanism. Both the polyunsaturated acyl tail and the negatively charged carboxyl head group are required for PUFAs to open Kv7.1. We further show that KCNE1 coexpression abolishes the PUFA effect on Kv7.1 by promoting PUFA protonation. PUFA analogs with a decreased pKa value, to preserve their negative charge at neutral pH, restore the sensitivity to open IKs channels. PUFA analogs with a positively charged head group inhibit IKs channels. These different PUFA analogs could be developed into drugs to treat cardiac arrhythmias. In support of this possibility, we show that PUFA analogs act antiarrhythmically in embryonic rat cardiomyocytes and in isolated perfused hearts from guinea pig.
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Szymczak, Melissa, Michael Murray, and Nenad Petrovic. "Modulation of angiogenesis by ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids is mediated by cyclooxygenases." Blood 111, no. 7 (April 1, 2008): 3514–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-08-109934.

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Abstract The potential role of dietary fats in cancer is attracting considerable interest within the community. Both epidemiologic and experimental findings suggest that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), which are almost absent from typical Western diets, exert protective effects against cancer progression, although the precise mechanism of this suppression remains unknown. One of the potential targets for ω-3 PUFAs in cancer suppression is angiogenesis, a process of new blood vessel formation within rapidly growing tumors. Here, we demonstrate that ω-6 PUFAs stimulate and ω-3 PUFAs inhibit major proangiogenic processes in human endothelial cells, including the induction of angiopoietin-2 (Ang2) and matrix metalloprotease-9, endothelial invasion, and tube formation, that are usually activated by the major ω-6 PUFA arachidonic acid. The cyclooxygenase (COX)–mediated conversion of PUFAs to prostanoid derivatives participated in modulation of the expression of Ang2. Thus, the ω-6 PUFA–derived prostaglandin E2 augmented, whereas the ω-3 PUFA–derived prostaglandin E3 suppressed the induction of Ang2 by growth factors. Our findings are consistent with the suggestion that PUFAs undergo biotransformation by COX-2 to lipid mediators that modulate tumor angiogenesis, which provides new insight into the beneficial effects of ω-3 PUFAs.
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Song, Lishuang, Lei Yang, Jiapeng Wang, Xuefei Liu, Lige Bai, Anqi Di, and Guangpeng Li. "Generation of Fad2 and Fad3 transgenic mice that produce n-6 and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids." Open Biology 9, no. 10 (October 2019): 190140. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsob.190140.

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Linoleic acid (18 : 2, n-6) and α-linolenic acid (18 : 3, n-3) are polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), which are essential for mammalian health, development and growth. However, the majority of mammals, including humans, are incapable of synthesizing n-6 and n-3 PUFAs. Mammals must obtain n-6 and n-3 PUFAs from their diet. Fatty acid desaturase (Fad) plays a critical role in plant PUFA biosynthesis. Therefore, we generated plant-derived Fad3 single and Fad2–Fad3 double transgenic mice. Compared with wild-type mice, we found that PUFA levels were greatly increased in the single and double transgenic mice by measuring PUFA levels. Moreover, the concentration of n-6 and n-3 PUFAs in the Fad2–Fad3 double transgenic mice were greater than in the Fad3 single transgenic mice. These results demonstrate that the plant-derived Fad2 and Fad3 genes can be expressed in mammals. To clarify the mechanism for Fad2 and Fad3 genes in transgenic mice, we measured the PUFAs synthesis-related genes. Compared with wild-type mice, these Fad transgenic mice have their own n-3 and n-6 PUFAs biosynthetic pathways. Thus, we have established a simple and efficient method for in vivo synthesis of PUFAs.
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Kirkup, S. E., Z. Cheng, M. Elmes, D. C. Wathes, and D. R. E. Abayasekara. "Polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate prostaglandin synthesis by ovine amnion cells in vitro." REPRODUCTION 140, no. 6 (December 2010): 943–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0575.

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Diets or supplements high in n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been shown to influence the timing of parturition. PUFAs are substrates for prostaglandin (PG) synthesis, and PGs play central roles in parturition. Hence, the effects of altering PUFA composition may be mediated through alterations in the type and relative quantities of PGs synthesised. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of a range of n-3 and n-6 PUFAsin vitroon PG synthesis by amnion cells of late gestation ewes. The n-6 PUFA, arachidonic acid (20:4, n-6), increased synthesis of two-series PGs. Degree of stimulation induced by the n-6 PUFAs was dependent on the position of the PUFA in the PG synthetic pathway, i.e. PG production of the two-series (principally prostaglandin E2:PGE2) increased progressively with longer chain PUFAs. Effects of n-3 PUFAs on output of PGE2were more modest and variable. The two shorter chain n-3 PUFAs, α-linolenic acid (18:3, n-3) and stearidonic acid (18:4, n-3), induced a small but significant increase in PGE2output, while the longest chain n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (22:6, n-3) inhibited PGE2synthesis. Dihomo-γ-linolenic acid (20:3, n-6), the PUFA substrate for synthesis of one-series PGs, induced an increase in PGE1generation and a decrease in PGE2and PGE3outputs. Hence, we have demonstrated that PUFA supplementation of ovine amnion cellsin vitroaffects the type and quantity of PGs synthesised.
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González-Rodríguez, Liliana G., Aránzazu Aparicio, Ana M. López-Sobaler, and Rosa M. Ortega. "Omega 3 and Omega 6 Fatty Acids Intake and Dietary Sources in a Representative Sample of Spanish Adults." International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research 83, no. 1 (February 1, 2013): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1024/0300-9831/a000143.

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The present study analyzes the intake of omega 3 (n-3 PUFAs) and omega 6 (n-6 PUFAs) and dietary sources in a representative sample of Spanish adults. For this purpose 418 adults (18 - 60 y), from 15 Spanish provinces were studied. The intake of energy and nutrients [specifically, the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs,) α-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA); and the n-6 PUFA, linoleic acid (LA)] was determined using a 24-hour recall questionnaire for two days. The Multiple Source Method (MSM) was used to estimate participants’ usual fatty acid intake. The total n-3 PUFAs intake was 1.8 ± 0.60 g/day (ALA: 1.3 ± 0.32, EPA: 0.16 ± 0.14, and DHA: 0.33 ± 0.21 g/day) and n-6 PUFA intake was 11.0 ± 2.7 g/day (LA: 10.8 ± 2.7 g/day). A high proportion of participants did not meet their nutrient intake goals for total n-3 PUFAs (84.7 %), ALA (45.0 %), and EPA plus DHA (62.9 %). The main food sources for ALA were oil, dairy products, and meat; for EPA fish; for DHA, fish, eggs, and meat; and for LA, oils, meat, and cereals. Therefore, an increase in the intake of foods rich in n-3 PUFAs or the use of supplements with n-3 PUFAs might help to improve the n-3 PUFA intake.
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Park, Yongsoon, Yoo-Sin Park, Seok Hyeon Kim, Dong Hoon Oh, and Yong-Chon Park. "Supplementation of n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids for Major Depressive Disorder: A Randomized, Double-Blind, 12-Week, Placebo-Controlled Trial in Korea." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 66, no. 2-3 (2015): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000377640.

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Background: Controversy over the efficacy of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in depression continues to this day. The present study investigated the hypothesis that n-3 PUFA supplementation reduces depressive symptoms in Korean patients with major depressive disorder. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-week, parallel-group trial, 35 patients with Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale Korean version (CES-D-K) scores ≥25 and depression confirmed by a psychiatrist were assigned to take either 3 capsules of n-3 PUFAs (1,140 mg of EPA + 600 mg of DHA; n = 18) or placebo (olive oil + safflower oil; n = 17). Results: Supplementation with n-3 PUFAs significantly reduced Clinical Global Impression Improvement (CGI-I) scores as compared with intake of placebo using intention-to-treat analysis with last-observation-carried-forward after adjusting for energy, fat, and fish intake. However, the CES-D-K, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17, and Clinical Global Impression Scale scores did not significantly differ between the n-3 PUFA and placebo groups. After supplementation with n-3 PUFAs, the erythrocyte levels of n-3 PUFAs were significantly increased, but n-6 PUFA levels were decreased. Conclusions: n-3 PUFAs demonstrated an advantage over placebo that did not reach clinical significance, although CGI-I score was significantly decreased in the n-3 PUFA group as compared with the placebo group.
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Chen, Liping, Naoki Takatani, Fumiaki Beppu, Kazuo Miyashita, and Masashi Hosokawa. "The Effect of n-3 PUFA Binding Phosphatidylglycerol on Metabolic Syndrome-Related Parameters and n-3 PUFA Accretion in Diabetic/Obese KK-Ay Mice." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (November 22, 2019): 2866. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122866.

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n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid binding phospholipids (n-3 PUFA-PLs) are known to be potent carriers of n-3 PUFAs and provide health benefits. We previously prepared n-3 PUFA binding phosphatidylglycerol (n-3 PUFA-PG) by phospholipase D-mediated transphosphatidylation. Because PG has excellent emulsifiability, n-3 PUFA-PG is expected to work as a functional molecule with properties of both PG and n-3 PUFAs. In the present study, the health benefits and tissue accretion of dietary n-3 PUFA-PG were examined in diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice. After a feeding duration over 30 days, n-3 PUFA-PG significantly reduced the total and non-HDL cholesterols in the serum of diabetic/obese KK-Ay mice. In the mice fed n-3 PUFA-PG, but not n-3 PUFA-TAG, hepatic lipid content was markedly alleviated depending on the neutral lipid reduction compared with the SoyPC-fed mice. Further, the n-3 PUFA-PG diet increased eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and reduced arachidonic acid in the small intestine, liver, perirenal white adipose tissue, and brain, and the ratio of the n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs in those tissues became lower compared to the SoyPC-fed mice. Especially, the DHA level was more significantly elevated in the brains of n-3 PUFA-PG-fed mice compared to the SoyPC-fed mice, whereas n-3 PUFA-TAG did not significantly alter DHA in the brain. The present results indicate that n-3 PUFA-PG is a functional lipid for reducing serum and liver lipids and is able to supply n-3 PUFAs to KK-Ay mice.
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Kim, Youngyo, and Jeongseon Kim. "N-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Risk of Cancer: Accumulating Evidence from Prospective Studies." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (August 20, 2020): 2523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092523.

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Previous studies on the association between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and cancer have focused on n-3 PUFAs. To investigate the association between intake or blood levels of n-6 PUFAs and cancer, we searched the PubMed and Embase databases up to March 2020 and conducted a meta-analysis. A total of 70 articles were identified. High blood levels of n-6 PUFAs were associated with an 8% lower risk of all cancers (relative risk (RR) = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.86–0.98) compared to low blood levels of n-6 PUFAs. In the subgroup analyses by cancer site, type of n-6 PUFAs, and sex, the inverse associations were strong for breast cancer (RR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.77–0.98), linoleic acid (LA) (RR = 0.91; 95% CI: 0.82–1.00), and women (RR = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.79–0.97). In the dose-response analysis, a 2% and 3% decrease in the risk of cancer was observed with a 5% increase in blood levels of n-6 PUFAs and LA, respectively. Thus, there was no significant association between n-6 PUFA intake and the risk of cancer. The pooled RR of cancer for the highest versus lowest category of n-6 PUFA intake was 1.02 (95% CI: 0.99–1.05). Evidence from prospective studies indicated that intake of n-6 PUFAs was not significantly associated with risk of cancer, but blood levels of n-6 PUFAs were inversely associated with risk of cancer.
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Ruf, Thomas, and Walter Arnold. "Effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on hibernation and torpor: a review and hypothesis." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 294, no. 3 (March 2008): R1044—R1052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00688.2007.

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Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can have strong effects on hibernation and daily torpor in mammals. High dietary PUFA contents were found to increase proneness for torpor, decrease body temperatures, prolong torpor bout duration, and attenuate hibernation mass loss. The mechanism by which PUFAs enhance torpor and hibernation is unknown, however. On the basis of a review of the literature, and on reexamining our own data on alpine marmots, we propose that effects on hibernation are not due to PUFAs in general, but to shifts in the ratio of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs in membrane phospholipids. Specifically, high ratios of n-6 to n-3 PUFAs increase the activity of the Ca2+-Mg2+ pump in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of the heart (SERCA) and counteract Q10 effects on SERCA activity at low tissue temperatures. Therefore, high n-6 to n-3 PUFA ratios in cardiac myocyte membranes appear to protect the hibernating heart from arrhythmia, which in hypothermic nonhibernators is caused by massive increases in cytosolic Ca2+. The resulting reduced risk of cardiac arrest during hypothermia may explain why increased dietary uptake of n-6 PUFAs, but not of n-3 PUFAs, can strongly enhance the propensity for hibernation, and allows heterotherms to reach lower body temperatures, with associated increased energy savings. Therefore, at least for herbivorous hibernators, such as marmots, linoleic acid (C18:2 n-6)—the dietary source of all n-6 PUFAs—appears to represent a crucial and limited resource in natural environments.
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Wang, Xiaofeng, and Marianna Kulka. "n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) inhibit mast cell activation by disrupting FcεRI association with lipid rafts (HYP3P.401)." Journal of Immunology 192, no. 1_Supplement (May 1, 2014): 54.13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.192.supp.54.13.

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Abstract INTRODUCTION: n-3 PUFAs can suppress allergic inflammation. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFAs inhibit mast cell (MC) activation through modification of FcεRI association with lipid rafts on plasma membrane. METHODS: Bone marrow-derived MCs (BMMC) were cultivated from C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and fat-1 transgenic mice which express fatty acid n-3 desaturase and produce endogenous n-3 PUFAs. Exogenous n-3 PUFAs were supplemented to WT BMMC. Degranulation, cysteinyl leukotriene (cys-LT), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2) release were evaluated following FcεRI activation. Lipid rafts were isolated by sucrose gradient centrifugation. FcεRI expression was determined by flow cytometry and western blot analysis. RESULTS: Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis showed increased n-3 PUFA levels in whole cell lysates and lipid raft fractions of fat-1 BMMC compared to WT BMMC and in whole cell lysates of PUFA-supplemented BMMC. n-3 PUFAs inhibited degranulation and cys-LT, TNF and CCL2 production compared to untreated BMMC. n-3 PUFAs did not alter expression of surface or total cell FcεRI. However, n-3 PUFAs suppressed FcεRI localization in lipid rafts of unstimulated cells, and disrupted FcεRI shuttling to rafts in stimulated BMMC. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that n-3 PUFAs inhibit MC activation by disruption of FcεRI localization and shuttling into lipid rafts.
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More sources

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PUFAs"

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Jahangiri, Anisa. "n-3 PUFAs and reperfusion injury in isolated cardiomyocytes." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2002. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phj251.pdf.

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"September 2002" Bibliography: leaves 207-230. Ch. 1. Literature review -- Ch. 2. General methods -- Ch. 3. Dietary n-3 PUFAs and reperfusion injury in isolated cardiomyocytes -- Ch. 4. The effect of dietary n-3 PUFAs on cardiomyocyte membrane fluidity, intracellular ROS and Ca 2+ levels during oxidative stress -- Ch. 5. The effect of dietary fish oil supplementation on antioxidant enzyme gene expression in rat myocardium -- Ch. 6. The effect of dietary lipids on ischaemia-reperfusion injury in rat myocardium -- Ch. 7. General discussion -- Ch. 8. Appendices. The broad aims of this thesis were to develop a cellular model for studying reperfusion injury, in order to investigate the reported protective effects of n-3 PUFAs, and to examine the underlying mechanisms associated with such protection.
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Jübermann, Martin [Verfasser]. "Totalsynthese von 18-HEPE und unnatürlichen Hydroxy-PUFAs / Martin Jübermann." Wuppertal : Universitätsbibliothek Wuppertal, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1166337162/34.

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Fernández, Iglesias Anabel. "Effects of polyphenols and omega-3 pufas on hepatic oxidative stress." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/127632.

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Over the past years it has been described the important role of oxidative stress in the Metabolic Stress related manifestations, specifically in the obesity. It is well known that agents that reduce oxidative stress represent an important tool to reduce the obesity-induced complications such as hepatic steatosis. In this sense, flavonoids are described as antioxidant molecules, due to their scavenging properties. Moreover, omega-3 PUFAs are considered effective in the treatment and prevention of several chronic diseases. Therefore, the principal aim of this thesis was to study the antioxidant effects of flavonoids and n-3 PUFAs, as well as the possible additive effects of two compounds together. These studies were developed under several oxidative stress conditions (metabolic, chemical) both in vitro and in vivo. It has been demonstrated the importance of using nutritional supplements in different oxidative stress conditions.
Durant els últims anys s’ha descrit la importància que té l’estrès oxidatiu en les diferents patologies associades al Síndrome Metabòlic, especialment en l’obesitat. Així, agents que redueixen l’estrès oxidatiu son una important eina per reduir les complicacions relacionades amb l’obesitat, incloent la esteatosis hepàtica, definida com l’acumulació de greix al fetge. En aquest sentit, els polifenols, que presenten activitat antioxidant, i els àcids grassos poliinsaturats omega-3 que són considerats efectius en el tractament d’esteatosis hepàtica i en el desenvolupament de malalties cardiovasculars, són una bona eina per combatre aquest estrès oxidatiu. En aquesta tesi, s’ha estudiat en condicions d’estrès oxidatiu tant in vitro (hepatòcits) com in vivo (estat postprandial, estat d’obesitat induïda per la dieta o d’obesitat genètica) els efectes antioxidants dels flavonoides i/o omega-3 tant de manera individual com conjunta. S’ha demostrat la importància d’utilitzar suplements alimentaris en condicions metabòliques d’estrès oxidatiu.
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Manhart, Denise Rae. "Effect of n-3 PUFAs on markers of inflammation in arthritic horses." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1413.

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Kelli, Barbosa da Silva Grayce. "Produção de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (PUFAs) por Cunninghamella elegans UCP 542 em substratos alternativos." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2011. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2077.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:54:24Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo6482_1.pdf: 1640837 bytes, checksum: 0a906e507f700198cd52afca0587825f (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011
Faculdade de Amparo à Ciência e Tecnologia do Estado de Pernambuco
Os fungos filamentosos da ordem Mucorales são conhecidos por possuírem elevadas concentrações de ácidos graxos da família ômega 6. Neste sentido, foi investigada a produção de ácidos graxos poliinsaturados PUFAs por Cunninghamella elegans UCP 542 (Ordem Mucorales), utilizando glicerina e milhocina como substratos alternativos, visando à minimização dos custos de produção. Os estudos foram realizados empregando-se um planejamento fatorial 22, tendo como variável resposta crescimento radial e morfologia, produção de biomassa, lipídeos totais e ácidos graxos. A partir dos resultados obtidos observou-se que a glicerina e a milhocina não influenciou na estrutura morfológica da C. elegans, no entanto, estatisticamente estas fontes influenciaram no crescimento radial. O pH influenciou na produção de biomassa e de lipídeos. O ensaio 4 (7,9ml/L de glicerina, e 0,2g asparagina) e o ensaio 4 (7,9ml/L de glicerina, 0,2g asparagina e 6% de milhocina) apresentaram maior produção de biomassa (1,7g/L) e (2,5g/L) e lipídeos totais (8,0%) e (8,0%), respectivamente. A glicerina e a milhocina aumentaram a produção do ácido palmitico em 100 e 560 vezes a produção do ácido Linoléico, e reduziram a concentração do ácido Oléico e do ácido Gamalinolênico. Portanto, os rejeitos agroindustriais (glicerina e milhocina) mostraram que podem ser fontes alternativas de carbono e nitrogênio, a fim de propiciar a produção de insumos biotecnológicos de elevado valor agregados e de baixo custo
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Lovo-Martins, Maria Isabel. "Imunomodulação por PUFAs n-3 durante a fase aguda da infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências Biológicas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Experimental, 2012. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000180035.

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Estudos realizados em camundongos revelaram que a suplementação de animais com ácidos graxos polinsaturados n-3 (PUFAs) alivia a inflamação e pode reduzir a resistência às doenças infecciosas. A modulação da resposta imune por PUFAs n-3 ocorre por meio da alteração da composição e função das membranas de células do sistema imunológico, modificação no padrão de eicosanóides e citocinas produzidas por essas células, regulação da expressão gênica e diminuição da proliferação de linfócitos T. O presente trabalho investigou o efeito da suplementação com óleo de peixe sobre o curso da infecção por Trypanosoma cruzi, o agente causal da doença de Chagas. A infecção por T. cruzi em humanos e em modelos animais cursa com ativação do sistema imunológico e com alterações hematológicas no sangue periférico e medula óssea. Camundongos C57BL/6 foram suplementados por gavagem com tampão fosfato salina como controle; óleo de milho como fonte de PUFAs n-6; ou óleo de peixe como fonte de PUFAs n-3. Os camundongos foram divididos em dois grupos: não infectados e infectados intraperitonealmente com 5 x 103 formas tripomastigotas sanguíneas de T. cruzi (Cepa Y). A suplementação continuou até o fim do experimento. A suplementação com óleo de peixe resultou no aumento na massa (p < 0,01) e na celularidade do baço (p < 0,05), além de aumentar a celularidade da medula óssea (p < 0,05). Camundongos suplementados com óleo de peixe e infectados apresentaram tendência a uma menor perda de massa corpórea decorrente da infecção em relação a camundongos infectados e suplementados com PBS. A parasitemia dos camundongos suplementados com óleo de peixe apresentou-se maior no 7º dia pós infecção (p < 0,001) , mas, surpreendentemente, esses animais apresentaram uma contagem de plaquetas (p < 0,01) e leucócitos (p < 0,001) maior em relação aos animais controles infectados. Além disso, observamos diminuição do parasitismo cardíaco (p < 0,01) e da produção de óxido nítrico no plasma (p < 0,05) e no tecido cardíaco (p < 0,05). Contudo, houve aumento na produção de TNF-α (p < 0,01) por células esplênicas estimuladas com o antígeno do parasito. Dessa forma, demonstrou-se que a suplementação com óleo de peixe reduziu as alterações decorrentes da infecção aguda experimental por T. cruzi. Testes clínicos precisam ser conduzidos para determinar se os efeitos benéficos da suplementação com PUFAs n-3 visto em camundongos podem ser extrapolados para humanos chagásicos em terapia.
In studies in mice, long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation alleviates inflammation and can reduce resistance to infectious disease. The modulation of immune response by n-3 PUFAs occurs by changing the composition and function of cell membranes of the immune system, modification of the standard eicosanoids and cytokines produced by these cells, regulation of gene expression and reduced proliferation of T lymphocytes. The present study investigated the effect of supplementation with fish oil over the course of Trypanosoma cruzi infection, the causative agent of Chagas disease. T. cruzi infection in humans and in animal models occurs with activation of the immune system and hematologic changes in peripheral blood and bone marrow. C57BL/6 mice were supplemented by gavage with phosphate buffer saline as a control, corn oil as a source of n-6 PUFAs, or fish oil as a source of n-3 PUFAs. The mice were divided into two groups: non-infected and infected intraperitoneally with 5 x 103 blood trypomastigotes of T. cruzi (Y strain). Supplementation continued until the end of the experiment. Supplementation with fish oil resulted in an increase in mass (p <0.01) and the cellularity of the spleen (p <0.05), and to increase bone marrow cellularity (p <0.05). Mice supplemented with fish oil and infected had showed a tendency for a lower body mass loss due to infection compared to mice infected and supplemented with PBS. The parasitemia of mice supplemented with fish oil was higher on day 7 post-infection (p <0.001), but surprisingly, these animals showed a platelet count (p <0.01) and leukocytes (p <0.001) higher compared to control animals infected. Furthermore, we observed a decrease in cardiac parasitism (p <0.01) and on production of nitric oxide in the plasma (p <0.05) and cardiac tissue (p <0.05). However, there was increased production of TNF-α (p <0.01) by spleen cells stimulated with the antigen of the parasite. Thus, it was shown that supplementation with fish oil reduced changes due to acute experimental infection by T. cruzi. Thus, it was shown that supplementation with fish oil reduces changes in experimental acute infection by T. cruzi. Clinical trials must be conducted to determine if the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs supplements seen in mice can be translated to chagasic humans undergoing therapy.
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LIMA, Roberto Albuquerque. "Produção de Biossurfactante, Coenzima Q10 e lipídeos poliinsaturados (ω3 e ω6) por amostras de Candida glabrata (UCP 1002 e 1556) utilizando resíduos agroindustriais." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2014. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/19684.

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Avanços tecnológicos buscam recursos naturais adequados e disponíveis para obtenção de produtos sustentáveis e economicamente viáveis. Neste trabalho foi estudada a produção de metabólitos como os biossurfactante, lipídeos e Coenzima Q10 por Candida glabrata (UCP 1002 e 1556), por processo biotecnológico. O cultivo foi realizado em meio de baixo custo a base de resíduos agroindustriais (milhocina e soro de leite). Inicialmente neste estudo foi realizado um processo de produção de biossurfactante por C. glabrata (UCP 1002 e 1556), utilizando resíduos agroindustriais como fonte de carbono e nitrogêncio em substituição ao meio sintético, sendo observado que as duas linhagens produziram similares quantidades de biossurfactante. Foi realizado um processo de otimização do meio a base de resíduos agroindustriais por Delineamento Composto Central (DCC) 22. Os resultados obtidos evidenciaram que no segundo planejamento com 40% de soro de leite e 20% de milhocina foi mais eficiente na produção de biossurfactante utilizando a C. glabrata 1556, com uma redução da tensão superficial de 72 para 28,8mN/m. O biossurfactante foi caracterizado e classificado como lipoproteína e além disso demonstrou se seu caráter aniônico. O meio otimizado empregou se na produção e caracterização da CoQ10 por C. glabrata (UCP 1556), ficando evidenciado a presença significativa do composto e sua ação antioxidante. Neste meio foi testado o potencial das duas linhagens de C. glabrata (UCP 1002 e 1556) na produção de lipídeos e ácidos graxos poliinsaturados (PUFAs) e uma quantidade elevada de ácido γ-ácido linolênico (ω6) e α-ácido linolênico (ω3) foi detectada. Os resíduos agroindustriais são substratos nutritivos que representam uma redução econômica para a produção compostos limpos que podem ser aplicados na indústria de cosmética e farmacêutica.
Technological advances seek appropriate natural resources and available for achieving of sustainable products and viable economically. In this work was studied the production of metabolites as biosurfactant, Coenzyme Q10 and lipids by Candida glabrata (UCP 1002 and 1556) for biotechnological process. The cultivation was carried in medium of low cost the base of agroindustrial waste (whey and corn steep liquor). Initially this study was performed a process of biosurfactant production by C. glabrata (UCP 1002 and 1556), using agroindustrial residues as a carbon source and nitrogen replacing the synthetic medium, it was observed that both strains produced similar amounts of biosurfactant. It was performed a optimization process of the medium the base of agroindustrial waste by Central Composite Design (CCD) 22. The results showed that the second planning with 40% of whey and 20% of corn steep liquor it was more efficient in the biosurfactant production using C. glabrata (UCP 1556), with a reduction in surface tension from 72 to 28,8mN/m. The biosurfactant was characterized and classified as lipoprotein and furthermore it was demonstrated its anionic character. The optimized medium was performed in the production and characterization of CoQ10 by C. glabrata (UCP 1556), getting evidenced the significant presence of the compound and its antioxidant action. In this medium was tested the potential of two strains of C. glabrata (UCP 1002 e 1556) in the production of lipids and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a high quantity of γ-linoleic acid (ω6) and e α- linoleic acid (ω3) was detected. The agroindustrial wastes are nutritious substrates which represent an economic cost reduction in the production of clean compounds that it can be applied in cosmetic and pharmaceutical industry.
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Glatter, Alex. "Effect of dietary n-3 PUFAs on intracellular Ca?p2?s+ in rat ventricular myocytes /." Title page and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbg549.pdf.

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Thesis (B.Sc.(Hons.))--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Physiology, 2000?
On title page "+" is superscript. Spine title: Effect of dietary n-3 PUFA's on calcium in rat myocytes. Bibliography: leaves 18-21.
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Gopalakrishnan, Kishore. "Isolation, characteristation and screening of New Zealand alpine algae for the production of secondary metabolites in photobioreactors." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10668.

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This inter-disciplinary thesis is concerned with the production of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from newly isolated and identified alpine microalgae, and the optimization of the temperature, photon flux density (PFD), and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration for their mass production in an airlift photobioreactor (AL-PBR). Thirteen strains of microalgae were isolated from the alpine zone in Canyon Creek, Canterbury, New Zealand. Ten species were characterized by traditional means, including ultrastructure, and subjected to phylogenetic analysis to determine their relationships with other strains. Because alpine algae are exposed to extreme conditions, and such as those that favor the production of secondary metabolites, it was hypothesized that alpine strains could be a productive source of PUFAs. Fatty acid (FA) profiles were generated from seven of the characterized strains and three of the uncharacterized strains. Some taxa from Canyon Creek were already identified from other alpine and polar zones, as well as non-alpine zones. The strains included relatives of species from deserts, one newly published taxon, and two probable new species that await formal naming. All ten distinct species identified were chlorophyte green algae, with three belonging to the class Trebouxiophyceae and seven to the class Chlorophyceae. Comparative study between the distribution of algae at Canyon Creek and Mount Philistine, another alpine region in New Zealand where algal distribution was studied in detail, revealed that algal distribution patterns in the New Zealand alpine zone are complex, with some taxa apparently widely distributed and others range restricted or rare (with the caveat that very few sites have been studied in detail). At least some of the differences between the two sites could be accounted for by geographic differences, resulting in contrasting environmental conditions such as rainfall. As hypothesized, alpine strains isolated from the Canyon Creek were rich in PUFAs. Eight among the ten strains have PUFA proportions higher than monounsaturated fatty acids and saturated FAs. In a comparison of FA profiles of Scenedesmaceae species from a hot environment (Algerian Sahara) with the Scenedesmaceae species from Canyon Creek, the latter revealed a much greater degree of unsaturation. In addition, the Canyon Creek strains contained some FAs (such as docosapentaenoic acid, DPA) that were absent from Saharan strains. Among the strains from Canyon Creek Lobochlamys segnis LCR-CC-5-1A was selected for optimization experiments on the basis of growth kinetics, temperature response and FA composition, of which 60% of total FAs were PUFAs. Of that 60%, the α-linolenic acid (ALA) content was 46%. Two identical 1.5 Liter AL-PBRs were used for culturing Lobochlamys segnis LCR-CC-5-1A to study the effect of CO2 concentration, PFD and temperature on specific growth velocity, production of PUFAs, omega-3 FAs and, specifically, the concentration of ALA. The concentrations of CO2 examined in this research were 1.5, 3.0 and 4.5% in air. Similarly, the reponses of the strain to seven different PFDs, namely 38, 77, 115, 178, 210, 236 and 253 µmol m-2 s-1 and six different temperatures, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30οC, were analyzed. The maximum specific growth velocities (µmax) of the cultures were calculated from the experimental data and the cell production rate was calculated from fitting logistic growth models to these data; the two were compared by converting the former to the latter. The significance of the tested parameters was assessed using ANOVA and Tukey tests. The optimum conditions assessed at lab scale for maximum production of biomass, PUFAs and ALA were found to be a CO2 concentration of 3.0%, temperature of 20°C, and PFD of 178 µmol m-2 s-1. Increasing biomass production has the effect of maximizing PUFA production because there was no significant increase in concentration of PUFAs, omega-3 FAs, or ALA under levels of CO2, temperature, and PFD differing from those under which maximum growth occurred.
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Romano, Roberta <1986&gt. "Biotechnology for a Sustainable Aquaculture: Selection of Safe Marine Bacteria Producers of LC-PUFAs and Antimicrobials." Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2020. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/9363/1/Romano_Roberta_tesi.pdf.

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The contribution of aquaculture to global food production in the fishing industry is expanding. The sustainability of the sector urge aquaculture industry to develop processes aimed at improving quantity and quality of fish, containing costs, reducing environmental threats by minimizing wastes and valorizing by-products. Several studies were carried out on the valorisation of fishing industry by-products/wastes and many of the products obtained are available in commerce. However, only very few reports are available on the selection/application of probiotics in aquaculture as well as on the use of antimicrobial compounds from microbial origin for the control of bacterial pathogens. In this context, the aim of the research activity is to select novel safe marine bacteria able to produce LC-PUFAs and/or antimicrobial compounds active against aquaculture fish pathogenic bacteria with the perspective of their application in aquaculture. The first part of the work has been dedicated to the selection of LC-PUFAs bacterial producers. For this purpose, 209 marine bacterial isolates from the Mediterranean Sea was screened in order to select new LC-PUFAs, EPA and DHA bacterial producers. After colourimetric screening, ITS typing, GC-FID analysis and molecular identification of marine isolates, different Marinobacter sp., Thalassospira sp and Halomonas sp. isolates could produce DHA. 41 isolates was screened for the production of antimicrobial compounds exhibiting activity against farmed fish pathogens. After screening and preliminary characterization, were selected 8 marine bacterial isolates able to produce stable compounds. In conclusion 10 strains able to produce both antimicrobial compounds active against different aquaculture fish pathogenic bacteria and LC-PUFAs were selected. These results are interesting and promising since these isolates belong to bacterial species that have never been reported to be involved in human or animal pathology and exhibited traits that give them high potential for the application in aquaculture in order to optimize fish production.
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Books on the topic "PUFAs"

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Pumas. New York: PowerKids Press, 1999.

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Pumas. Minneapolis, MI: ABDO Kids, 2014.

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Pumas. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Abdo Kids, 2015.

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Pumas. EDINA, Minn: Abdo Pub., 2000.

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Pumas. New York: Gareth Stevens Pub., 2012.

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Guillain, Charlotte. Pumas. Chicago, Illinois: Heinemann Library, 2014.

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Puras mentiras. Buenos Aires: Alfaguara, 2001.

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Garibay, Ricardo. El Púas. Guadalajara, Jalisco, México: Editorial Agata, 1991.

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Migoya, Hernán. Todas putas. Barcelona: El Cobre Edciones, 2003.

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Nóbrega, David. Putas & cupcakes. Lisboa: Chiado Editora, 2014.

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Book chapters on the topic "PUFAs"

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Tisdale, Michael J. "ω-3 PUFAs and Cachexia." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 231–46. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_10.

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Lim, Kyu, and Tong Wu. "ω-3 PUFAs and Other Cancers." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 191–217. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_8.

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Das, Undurti N. "PUFAs and Their Metabolites in Carcinogenesis." In Molecular Biochemical Aspects of Cancer, 159–79. New York, NY: Springer US, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0741-1_4.

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Surai, Peter F., Tigran T. Papazyan, Nick H. C. Sparks, and Brian K. Speake. "Simultaneous Enrichment of Eggs With PUFAs and Antioxidants." In Wild-Type Food in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, 139–53. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-330-1_11.

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Kimura, Yasumi. "ω-3 PUFAs and Colon Cancer: Epidemiological Studies." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 41–66. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_2.

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Terry, Paul D., and Pamela J. Mink. "ω-3 PUFAs and Breast Cancer: Epidemiological Studies." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 93–107. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_4.

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Astorg, Pierre. "ω-3 PUFAs and Prostate Cancer: Epidemiological Studies." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 109–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_5.

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Grant, R., and J. Guest. "Role of Omega-3 PUFAs in Neurobiological Health." In Advances in Neurobiology, 247–74. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28383-8_13.

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Edwards, Iris J., Isabelle M. Berquin, Yong Q. Chen, and Joseph T. O’Flaherty. "ω-3 PUFAs, Breast and Prostate Cancer: Experimental Studies." In Dietary Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Cancer, 167–88. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3579-0_7.

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Steinberg, Christian E. W. "Trophic Transfer of PUFAs—‘Vital Ones Reach Top Predators’." In Aquatic Animal Nutrition, 773–90. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-87227-4_30.

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Conference papers on the topic "PUFAs"

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Enascuta, Cristina-Emanuela, Elena-Emilia Oprescu, Elena Radu, Raluca Somoghi, and Vasile Lavric. "MICROENCAPSULATED POLYUNSATURATED FATTY ACIDS USED AS NUTRACEUTICALS." In 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/6.1/s25.13.

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Fish oils with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are gaining increasing interest in the food and nutraceutical industry, due to their important functional properties for human beings� health improvement. The most important PUFAs have at least two double bonds placed on the carbon chain. These include ?-linolenic acid (ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahaxaneoic acid (DHA). Microencapsulation is a technique used to protect the bioactive compounds from oxidative damage, to ensure their controlled release and to activate the synergistic effect of the ingredients, if it exists. In this context, the microencapsulation process of fish oils rich in PUFAs using alginate was studied, in the presence and the absence of an ultrasonic (US) field. Both BoxBehnken design of experiment technique and the Response Surface Method were used, to investigate the influence of the process parameters and to optimize the operating conditions. The operating parameters under investigation were the sodium alginate to fish oil ratio, the calcium chloride concentration and time being the objective. The fish oil microspheres had a homogeneous round shape, a diameter of 0.12 � 0.02 mm. Physicochemical description of microcapsules was performed using modern characterization methods.
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Shiga, Hirokazu, S. Takashige, A. Hermawan Dwi, A. Sultana, Shuji Adachi, and Hidefumi Yoshii. "Encapsulation of krill oil by spray drying." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7323.

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An oil from Pacific krill (Euphausia pacifica) has a high content of PUFAs and phospholipids. The sediment was formed with homogenization of krill oil and maltodextrin (MD; dextrose equivalent (DE) = 19) solution using sodium caseinate, gum arabic, hydrolyzed whey protein or modified starch as a surfactant. Quillaja saponin could form the emulsion without the sediment. MD (28.5 wt%) was solubilized with distiller water (50 wt%) and mixed with krill oil (20wt%) and Quillaja saponin (1.5 wt%). The homogenized solution was spray-dried using Okawara-L8 spray dryer with a centrifugal atomizer. Spray-dried powder was evaluated in the oil-droplet size and surface-oil content. Keywords: krill oil, emulsion, Quillaja saponin, spray drying, PUFAs
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Al-Haidose, Amal. "Effect of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Inflammatory Biomarkers in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0144.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease characterised by airflow limitation. Several pro-inflammatory markers are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of COPD. Cigarette smoking is a major risk factor for COPD, and diet may be a modifiable risk factor for its progression & management. Dietary supplementation with omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3 PUFAs) may be effective therapeutically in patient COPD. Aim: To determine the plasma basal level of inflammatory biomarkers in the study population, to determine the inflammatory biomarkers release from Peripheral blood mononuclear (PBMCs), and to investigate the effect of omega-3 PUFAs, on inflammatory biomarkers released from PBMCs. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 42 subjects; patients with COPD, 15 healthy smokers (HS), and 12 healthy groups (HNS). Selected biomarkers level was measured in Plasma and PBMCs by ELISA. Individual lipid profile analysis was carried out on RBCs fraction. Result: Plasma high levels of CRP and Fibrinogen and low level of CC-16 were observed in COPD patients when compared with healthy controls. The basal release of IL6, IL8, TNFα, and CD31 from PBMCs was significantly differing in COPD and HS groups compared to HNS group. Omega-3 PUFA (EPA and DHA) reduce IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α release from PBMCs. The fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membranes in patients group was unmodified. Discussion: This study showed that high level of several inflammatory biomarkers that were detected systemically in COPD group might associate with the disease systemic inflammation. EPA and DHA possess the ability to reduce the cytokines production from COPD inflammatory immune cells. Additionally, no correlation was observed between fatty acid profile analysis and COPD.
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Lee, Yu Jin, Changhwan Ju, and In-Hwan Kim. "Novel Strategy for Synthesis of Stearidonic Acid Enriched Triacylglycerol from Ahiflower Seed Oil via a Two-step Enzyme Reaction." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/uhjd7801.

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Stearidonic acid (SDA) is a plant-based n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with several positive therapeutic effects on human health such as reducing risks of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, inflammation, and cancer. Moreover, the conversion efficiency of SDA to EPA is significantly higher than α-linolenic acid to EPA, in the human body. Plant oils with SDA, such as ahiflower seed oil and echium seed oil, exhibit substantially higher oxidative stability than fish oil with EPA and DHA, the most popular n-3 PUFA. The present study has successfully carried out the enrichment of SDA and the synthesis of triacylglycerol (TAG) consecutively via two lipase-catalyzed reactions, which are selective hydrolysis and esterification, while most of n-3 PUFAs studies have separately employed its enrichment and the synthesis of TAG. SDA was enriched into a glyceride fraction from ahiflower seed oil by Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed selective hydrolysis, and the SDA-enriched glycerides were separated from the reaction mixture using molecular distillation. SDA was enriched up to 40.7 mol% in glyceride fraction from an initial value of 21.6 mol% under the optimum conditions of 35 oC, and 0.1% enzyme loading relative to the weight of the total substrate. Then, SDA-enriched TAG was synthesized from the SDA-enriched glycerides and the fatty acid obtained from part of the SDA-enriched glycerides by saponification via esterification using an in-house immobilized lipase as a biocatalyst. The in-house immobilized lipase was prepared from Eversa® Transform 2.0 (liquid form) using Lewatit VP OC 1600 as a carrier. The maximum TAG yield of ca. 94% was achieved after 12 h under the optimum conditions, which are the temperature of 50 oC, the enzyme loading of 10 % relative to the weight of the total substrate, and the vacuum of 10 torr."
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Von Gerichten, Johanna, Annette Holland, Barbara Fielding, Elizabeth Miles, and Graham Burdge. "α-Linolenic acid metabolism in human CD3+ T cells favours oxylipin production over polyunsaturated fatty acid synthesis." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/asgv6871.

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The essential dietary fatty acid α-linolenic acid (ALA) can be converted into anti-inflammatory 18 carbon oxylipins or into longer chain n€‘3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). The partitioning of ALA between these alternative metabolic fates is not understood. To address this, peripheral blood CD3+ T cells from healthy volunteers (18-30 years; n=10) were cultured for 48h, with or without concanavalin A (10µg/ml) in 10% (v/v) pooled donor plasma with low ALA (20 µM) or high ALA (40 µM) concentrations (1:10 [13C]€‘labelled/unlabelled). [13C]ALA metabolites were detected either by GC-isotope ratio mass spectrometry for intracellular PUFA or by LC-MS/MS for oxylipins in cell culture supernatant. The ratio of the labelled metabolites hydroxyoctatrienoic acid ([13C]HOTrE) and dihydroxyoctadecaenoic acid ([13C]DiHODE) to [13C]ALA were 1.8±0.2 / 7.2±1.1 and 0.9±0.2 / 4.3±0.6 for low / high ALA, respectively, compared to the eicosatrienoic acid ([13C]20:3n€‘3) to [13C]ALA ratio of 0.002±0.0001 / 0.02±0.003 in stimulated T cells. Results from unstimulated cells were similar. Furthermore, oxylipins from all PUFA precursors were analysed in the culture supernatant of the T cells. The ratio of oxylipin concentrations in high compared to low ALA cultures was 1.4±0.1 for EPA-derived dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (DiHETE), 5.6±0.9 for DHA-derived dihydroxydocosapentaenoic acid (DiHDPE), 7.9±2.7 for resolvin RvE1 and 2.0±0.3 for resolvin RvD1. The total oxylipin profile was not altered significantly by mitogen stimulation. These findings show that ALA is used primarily by T cells for constitutive production of anti-inflammatory lipid mediators rather than synthesis of longer chain PUFA. Further, ALA addition changes the secreted oxylipins towards a less-inflammatory profile. This has implications for understanding the effects of dietary PUFA on immune function.
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Somacal, Simara, Denise Tonato, Jair João Daniel Junior, Thiarles Brun, Raquel Vendruscolo, Roger Wagner, Raquel Cristine Kuhn, and Marcio Mazutti. "Produção de ácidos graxos poli-insaturados (PUFAs) por Mortierella isabellina." In Simpósio Nacional de Bioprocessos e Simpósio de Hidrólise Enzimática de Biomassa. Campinas - SP, Brazil: Galoá, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.17648/sinaferm-2015-33727.

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Tomas, Mabel, Claudia Copado, Luciana Julio, and Vanesa Ixtaina. "Strategies for protecting functional components of chia oil by emulsion-based delivery systems with sunflower lecithin." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/dxsl3212.

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Chia seed oil represents an important vegetal source of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) being very susceptible to lipid oxidation. Emulsion-based delivery systems could constitute a tool for its protection and incorporation into foods. In this study chia bilayer O/W emulsions were obtained by layer-by-layer deposition technique (LBL). It consisted of the electrostatic deposition of positively charged chitosan on negatively charged oil droplets being stabilized with modified sunflower lecithins. The effect of pH of emulsions was also evaluated. The particle size distribution, mean diameters, ζ-potential and viscosity of emulsions were determined. The chitosan addition had a strong influence (p‰¤0.001) on the rheological properties increasing the viscosity and changing the flow behavior of emulsions. The global and oxidative stability of emulsions were evaluated during refrigerated storage. The bilayer emulsions showed better physical stability and lower peroxide values (p‰¤0.05) than the monolayer ones and bulk chia oil, and with no significant (p >0.05) changes in their ω-3 PUFAs content during the storage. Bilayer emulsions with modified sunflower lecithins proved to be protective systems against lipid oxidation, constituting a viable option for the delivery of chia ω-3PUFAs with potential application in the food industry
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Serhan, Charles. "Resolvins and Pro-resolving Mediators from n-3 Pufas in Infectious Inflammation." In Virtual 2021 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/am21.127.

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Kang, Jeanne, and In-Hwan Kim. "Concentration of eicosapentaenoic acid via Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification with phytosterol and fatty acid from anchovy oil." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/wyzv8794.

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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n3), which is one of the well-known polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), is contained abundantly in anchovy oil among marine oils. EPA, along with docosapentaenoic acid (DPA, 22:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6n3), provide several health benefits such as reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease, cancer, and stroke, protecting vision, and increasing immunity. In the present study, EPA was concentrated efficiently in the unesterified fatty acid when Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification with phytosterol and fatty acid from anchovy oil was carried out in a solvent system. The effects of several parameters upon the concentration of EPA were investigated including the molar ratio of the substrate, temperature, and enzyme loading. The optimum conditions of molar ratio, temperature, and enzyme loading were 3:1 (phytosterol to fatty acids), 40 °C, 10 % (based on the total weight of substrate), respectively. Under the optimum conditions, EPA content in the unesterified fatty acid increased markedly from 20 % in the initial fatty acid up to 46% after the reaction time of 6 h. DPA and DHA were also concentrated in the unesterified fatty acid with a similar tendency even though the contents of both PUFAs were much lower than EPA. Consequently, the sum of EPA, DPA, and DHA content increased from 24% in the initial fatty acid up to 65% in the unesterified fatty acid, after Candida rugosa lipase-catalyzed esterification. In addition, phytosteryl ester, which has applied into fat-based food products as a functional component, was synthesized simultaneously during the concentration of EPA via enzymatic esterification.
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Mohammed, Altaf, Naveena B. Janakiram, Misty Brewer, Ashley Duff, Stan Lightfoot, Richard S. Brush, Robert E. Anderson, and Chinthalapally V. Rao. "Abstract A111: Endogenous conversion of n-6 PUFAs to n-3 PUFAs prevents progression of K-Ras activated pancreatic lesion development to pancreatic ductal carcinoma in Fat-1 transgenic mice." In Abstracts: AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research‐‐ Oct 22-25, 2011; Boston, MA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1940-6207.prev-11-a111.

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Reports on the topic "PUFAs"

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Borgonovi, Sara Margherita, Stefania Iametti, and Mattia Di Nunzio. Docosahexaenoic acid as master regulator of cellular antioxidant defenses: a systematic review. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0017.

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Review question / Objective: Evaluate the potential effect of DHA in regulating cellular antioxidant enzymes and hypothesizes possible molecular scenarios between DHA and Nrf2 in regulating cellular antioxidant defenses. Eligibility criteria: Chosen studies were published between 1998 and 2021 without restriction regarding pe-riod or publication status. Exclusion criteria were: (i) titles irrelevant to the research topic; (ii) abstract inappropriate or not related to the research topic; (iii) studies that used n-3 PUFAs rich oils which not allowed to discriminate the effect of DHA from other n-3 PUFAs; (iv) studies that co-administrated DHA with other compounds; (v) studies that used DHA oxidation products to better reflect normal nutritional conditions (vi) studies or data with inadequate statistical analysis or inappropriate control. Reviews, letters, ab-stracts, and articles without a complete text in the English language were also excluded.
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Zirkle, Ross, and Jim Metz. PUFA Synthases. AOCS, November 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/lipidlibrary.41528.

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van der Voort, Marcel, Joanneke Spruijt, Jorieke Potters, Pieter de Wolf, and Hellen Elissen. Socio-economic assessment of Algae-based PUFA production. Göttingen: PUFAChain, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/440229.

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Mestra Vargas, Lorena, William Burgos Paz, Wilson A. Barragán Hernández, Diego A. Medina Herrera, and Jorge A. Mejía Luquez. Caracterización de ácidos grasos en carne de bovinos cebados en un sistema de producción Silvopastoril en el Valle del Sinú. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2016.3.

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La carne es considerada un alimento de alto valor nutricional debido a sus concentraciones de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) y ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA), los cuales son esenciales para el mantenimiento de la salud y prevención de enfermedades. El manejo de las fuentes de alimentación de animales durante su crecimiento puede orientarse en favor de mejores per les de ácidos grasos en la carne
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Mestra Vargas, Lorena I., William O. Burgos Paz, Wilson A. Barragán Hernández, Diego A. Medina Herrera, and Jorge A. Mejía Luquez. Caracterización de ácidos grasos en carne de bovinos cebados en un sistema de producción Silvopastoril en el Valle del Sinú. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria - AGROSAVIA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.21930/agrosavia.poster.2016.1.

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La carne es considerada un alimento de alto valor nutricional debido a sus concentraciones de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados (PUFA) y ácido linoleico conjugado (CLA), los cuales son esenciales para el mantenimiento de la salud y prevención de enfermedades. El manejo de las fuentes de alimentación de animales durante su crecimiento puede orientarse en favor de mejores per les de ácidos grasos en la carne.
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Sukenik, Assaf, Paul Roessler, and John Ohlrogge. Biochemical and Physiological Regulation of Lipid Synthesis in Unicellular Algae with Special Emphasis on W-3 Very Long Chain Lipids. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7604932.bard.

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Various unicellular algae produce omega-3 (w3) very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFA), which are rarely found in higher plants. In this research and other studies from our laboratories, it has been demonstrated that the marine unicellular alga Nannochloropsis (Eustigmatophyceae) can be used as a reliable and high quality source for the w3 VLC-PUFA eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA). This alga is widely used in mariculture systems as the primary component of the artificial food chain in fish larvae production, mainly due to its high EPA content. Furthermore, w3 fatty acids are essential for humans as dietary supplements and may have therapeutic benefits. The goal of this research proposal was to understand the physiological and biochemical mechanisms which regulate the synthesis and accumulation of glycerolipids enriched with w3 VLC-PUFA in Nannochloropsis. The results of our studies demonstrate various aspects of lipid synthesis and its regulation in the alga: 1. Variations in lipid class composition imposed by various environmental conditions were determined with special emphasis on the relative abundance of the molecular species of triacylglycerol (TAG) and monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG). 2. The relationships between the cellular content of major glycerolipids (TAG and MGDG) and the enzymes involved in their synthesis were studied. The results suggested the importance of UDP-galactose diacylglycerol galactosyl (UDGT) in regulation of the cellular level of MGDG. In a current effort we have purified UDGT several hundredfold from Nannochloropsis. It is our aim to purify this enzyme to near homogeneity and to produce antibodies against this enzyme in order to provide the tools for elucidation of the biochemical mechanisms that regulate this enzyme and carbon allocation into galactolipids. 3. Our in vitro and in vivo labeling studies indicated the possibility that phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) are associated with desaturation of the structural lipids, whereas shorter chain saturated fatty acids are more likely to be incorporated into TAG. 4. Isolation of several putative mutants of Nannochloropsis which appear to have different lipid and fatty acid compositions than the wild type; a mutant of a special importance that is devoid of EPA was fully characterized. In addition, we could demonstrate the feasibility of Nannochloropsis biomass production for aquaculture and human health: 1) We demonstrated in semi-industrial scale the feasibility of mass production of Nannochloropsis biomass in collaboration with the algae plant NBT in Eilat; 2) Nutritional studies verified the importance algal w3 fatty acids for the development of rats and demonstrated that Nannochloropsis biomass fed to pregnant and lactating rats can benefit their offspring.
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Rice, Aaron. Effects of dietary ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFA) in light sensitivity of retinas of mice models to prevent retinal damage. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/com.lsp.2022.0013.

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Rice, Aaron. Effects of dietary ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (n-3 PUFA) in light sensitivity of retinas of mice models to prevent retinal damage. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/com.lsp.2022.0014.

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