Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pullout test

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
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  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Pullout test'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 13 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pullout test"

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Park, Jong-Beom, Daehyeon Kim, Si-Bong Yang, and Jang-Heung Kim. "Pullout Characteristics of Geosynthetics Reinforced Earth Using Multilayer Spreading Pullout Test." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2017 (2017): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9485826.

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Pullout test equipment for examining pullout characteristics in a reinforced earth structure is relatively larger than direct shear testing machines and requires much time and expenses in preparing samples. Moreover, because of irregular stress distributions with respect to the length of reinforcements, it is difficult to analyze pullout test results. In this study, we developed a multilayer spreading pullout apparatus enabling the pullout test in the order of a top stage, middle stage, and bottom stage with different loads once a ground model is prepared, suggesting an efficient method of a multilayer spreading pullout test. The pullout test is carried out at least three times with the prepared ground model while changing confining loads. Jumunjin sand was used to verify the developed pullout test apparatus and to analyze pullout characteristics of each reinforcement. The analysis reveals that the difference between angles of pullout friction is approximately 0.86 to 1.3° which is distributed within the error range of a pullout test. As a result, the multilayer spreading pullout apparatus is applicable as a new pullout apparatus, and the suggested method of multilayer spreading pullout test is identified as a pullout test technique efficiently to obtain pullout parameters.
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Teerawattanasuk, Chairat, Dennes T. Bergado, and Warat Kongkitkul. "Analytical and numerical modeling of pullout capacity and interaction between hexagonal wire mesh and silty sand backfill under an in-soil pullout test." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 40, no. 5 (October 1, 2003): 886–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t03-038.

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During the pullout test, the pullout clamping system was modified and installed inside the pullout box with confinement from the fill material, hereinafter called the in-soil pullout test, which significantly reduced the necking phenomenon and the displacements mobilized during the pullout test. Subsequently, an analytical model was developed to predict the in-soil pullout resistance. In addition, a numerical modeling analysis, under the three-dimensional stress field conditions using the FLAC3D (fast Lagrangian analysis continua) program, was carried out to simulate the behavior of in-soil pullout tests. The laboratory in-soil pullout test results were then compared with the corresponding data obtained from the analytical and numerical modeling methods. The in-soil pullout resistance was greater than the corresponding result from previous pullout tests wherein the clamping system was conventionally installed outside the pullout box. The predicted pullout resistance results from FLAC3D agreed reasonably with the results from laboratory tests and with the results from the analytical modeling. The interaction coefficients, R, applied in the finite difference modeling of in-soil pullout tests were 0.90 and 0.65 for zinc-coated and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) coated hexagonal wire meshes, respectively. The predicted and measured pullout resistance of zinc-coated hexagonal wire mesh is approximately 20% greater than that of PVC-coated hexagonal wire mesh at the same applied normal pressure, because of the higher stiffness, EA, and higher shear stiffness, ks, of the zinc-coated mesh.Key words: hexagonal wire mesh, in-soil pullout test, pullout resistance, analytical modeling, numerical modeling.
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Park, Kyungho, Daehyeon Kim, Jongbeom Park, and Hyunho Na. "The Determination of Pullout Parameters for Sand with a Geogrid." Applied Sciences 11, no. 1 (December 31, 2020): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11010355.

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The concept of designing mechanically stabilized earth (MSE) walls is divided into internal and external stability review methods, and one of the design factors required in internal stability analysis is the frictional characteristics between soil and geogrids for civil engineering applications. Typical methods for evaluating the frictional characteristics between soil and geogrids include the direct shear test and pullout test. It is desirable to apply the pullout test to geogrid reinforcements for pulling out geogrids embedded in soil, to measure both the surface-frictional force and passive resistance at the same time. Pullout parameters can be significantly affected by confining the stress and tensile strength of reinforcements. In general, the pullout parameters tend to be overestimated for low confining stresses in the pullout test, and underestimated for high confining stresses. Therefore, to address these issues, this study aims to evaluate the influence of the confining stress and the tensile strength of a geogrid reinforcement in the pullout test, and to propose a reasonable method for obtaining practical pullout parameters. Based on the pullout tests, the maximum pullout force depending on the tensile strength of the geogrid reinforcement was measured for one-third of the reinforcement tensile strength, and it was ruptured when pullout force greater than the maximum pullout force was exerted. Furthermore, it was observed that, in the reinforcement pullout test, pullout force was measured in the whole area of the reinforcement at a confining stress smaller than one-half of the tensile strength of the grid. As a result, the effective confining stress method considering only the confining stress at which the reinforcement is fully pulled out to develop the pullout characteristics can be a practical method for obtaining pullout parameters without regard to the reinforcement tensile strength.
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Tan, S. A., P. H. Ooi, T. S. Park, and W. L. Cheang. "Rapid Pullout Test of Soil Nail." Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering 134, no. 9 (September 2008): 1327–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)1090-0241(2008)134:9(1327).

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Gurung, N., Y. Iwao, and M. R. Madhav. "Pullout test model for extensible reinforcement." International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 23, no. 12 (October 1999): 1337–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1096-9853(199910)23:12<1337::aid-nag35>3.0.co;2-h.

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Krenchel, H., and S. P. Shah. "Fracture analysis of the pullout test." Materials and Structures 18, no. 6 (November 1985): 439–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02498746.

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Kwon, Soon-Jang, and Yun-Tae Kim. "Pullout Characteristics of Waste Fishing Net Reinforced Bottom Ash using Pullout Test." Journal of the Korean Geosynthetic Society 12, no. 4 (December 30, 2013): 57–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12814/jkgss.2013.12.4.057.

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Xuan, Wei Hong, Yan Wang, and Yu Zhi Chen. "Regression Analysis on Bonding Test of Polypropylene Fiber." Applied Mechanics and Materials 638-640 (September 2014): 1378–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.638-640.1378.

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Base on the data that gained from pullout test of Polypropylene fiber, multi-factor regression analysis considering water cement ratio and age of cement matrix, length and angle of embedded fiber was carried out. Then, a practical function of pullout force-displacement was proposed, which is well agreed with the test results.
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Aycan, Mehmet Fatih, Tolga Tolunay, Teyfik Demir, Mesut Emre Yaman, and Yusuf Usta. "Pullout performance comparison of novel expandable pedicle screw with expandable poly-ether-ether-ketone shells and cement-augmented pedicle screws." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 231, no. 2 (January 18, 2017): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411916687792.

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Aim of this study is to assess the pullout performance of various pedicle screws in different test materials. Polyurethane foams (Grade 10 and Grade 40) produced in laboratory and bovine vertebrae were instrumented with normal, cannulated (cemented), novel expandable and normal (cemented) pedicle screws. Test samples were prepared according to the ASTM F543 standard testing protocols and surgical guidelines. To examine the screw placement and cement distribution, anteriosuperior and oblique radiographs were taken from each sample after insertion process was completed. Pullout tests were performed in an Instron 3369 testing device. Load versus displacement graphs were recorded and the ultimate pullout force was defined as the maximum load (pullout strength) sustained before failure of screw. Student’s t-test was performed on each group whether the differences between pullout strength of pedicle screws were significant or not. While normal pedicle screws have the lowest pullout strength in all test materials, normal pedicle screws cemented with polymethylmethacrylate exhibit significantly higher pullout performance than others. For all test materials, there is a significant improvement in pullout strength of normal screws by augmentation. While novel expandable pedicle screws with expandable poly-ether-ether-ketone shells exhibited lower pullout performance than normal screws cemented with polymethylmethacrylate, their pullout performances in all groups were higher than the ones of normal and cannulated pedicle screws. For all test materials, although cannulated pedicle screws exhibit higher pullout strength than normal pedicle screws, there are no significant differences between the two groups. The novel expandable pedicle screws with expandable poly-ether-ether-ketone shells may be used instead of normal and cannulated pedicle screws cemented with polymethylmethacrylate due to their good performances.
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Fei, Jianbo, Yuxin Jie, Haipeng Wu, and Ting Zhou. "Laboratory pullout test study on the influence zone of geosynthetics." Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics 15 (January 2020): 155892502090667. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1558925020906674.

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Conventional pullout test devices are mainly designed to measure the shear strength indices of the geosynthetics–soil interface. This article introduces a new model container to study the influence zone of geosynthetics in pullout test. Several basic image processing methods were employed to analyze the grain motion of two gravel compositions in pullout tests. The trajectories of grains in the gravel differ at different heights; specifically, a more active motion was observed if the grain was closer to the geosynthetics. Moreover, grains were found to move not only horizontally but also vertically as well as to rotate on pulling out the geosynthetics. The range of a grain on the move is almost constant during the pullout and determines the influence zone of the geosynthetics. Image processing revealed that the influence zone was eight times the average grain size above the geosynthetics and 4–5 times the average grain size below the geosynthetics. The boundary condition thus significantly affects the influence zone.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pullout test"

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Blanchette, Jeffrey Lee. "Pullout Strength of Epoxy Anchors Installed Underwater." DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2012. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/895.

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This work presents the development of a test program and the results from the final round of testing to better understand the effect a submerged anchor installation has on the pullout strength of epoxy anchors. Two different epoxies were tested at embedment depths of two, four, and six bar diameters. These tests utilized three distinct installation procedures under dry and submerged conditions. The testing program occurred over five phases, with the final round used in analysis consisting of 24 anchor pullout tests. These tests showed that the presence of water did not have an effect on the epoxy bond when anchor holes were cleaned dry and installed underwater, but it did have a significant impact on the ability to consistently clean each anchor when it was submerged.
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Ljungberg, Jakob. "Pullout test of rock bolts at the Lima Hydropower station : -Assessment of the test method." Thesis, KTH, Betongbyggnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-192448.

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During construction of dams, rock bolts are in general installed in the interface between concrete and rock as an extra safety measure against overturning failure. These bolts are however not allowed to be taken into consideration for the stability calculations of large dams. New standards and new design criterias have increased the requirements of the safety of the old dams, leading to a need for expensive rehabilitation and strengthening. It is possible that consideration of these bolts in stability calculations may lead to money being saved. In order to do so more information about the long term strength of these bolts is needed. One way of getting this information has been the destructive testing of old dugout bolts found during reconstruction works. At the Lima hydropower station in Sweden, this kind of testing was made. The test rig used had a design where a piston pressed down on the rock around the bolt in order to pull it out. The question was raised if this could affect the failure load of the bolt. In this thesis, an attempt was made to answer this question using finite element methods. Models of a rock bolt was made in Abaqus, where one model included the piston and one where it was not. The connection between the bolt and the rock was modelled with nonlinear springs and friction, and the results were then compared between the cases and with experimental data. The results showed that the resulting force-deformation curves may be affected by the piston in cases where the dominant failure mode was adhesive failure, which would influence failure loads and deformations. Since so little was known about the properties of the rock and grout at Lima however, it is difficult to say to which extent the test rig has affected these results.
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Current, Jayson. "Development of a pullout test method for adhesive applied roofing systems." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28056.

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A review of literature and standards revealed no standardized process exists for the evaluation or characterization of wind uplift resistance of Adhesive Applied Roofing Systems (AARS). It was determined that a pullout test method -- a test in which the adhered components of roofing samples were subjected to tensile loading until failure -- could be used to quantify wind uplift performance. From the literature study, critical variables were extracted. Among these were the pullout rate, the specimen size and the specimen attachment condition. After conducting a series of extensive pullout tests, data showed that the optimum pullout rate was 6.35mm/min. Additional tests showed that a specimen size of 300 mm x 450 mm with all flutes fastened provided the experimentally consistent data. Based on the investigation outlined above, the present study drafted a standard test method for the determination of the pullout resistance of adhesively applied roofing components. This contribution is being presented to the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) and American Society of Testing Materials (ASTM) for adoption of a standardized test method. The present study also implemented the standardized test procedure to characterize the pullout behaviour of a variety of different configurations. Over 400 specimens were constructed varying the deck type (steel & concrete), insulation facer (paper and acrylic facer) and coverboard (fiberboard and asphalt core board). Experimental results showed that the use of steel deck, paper faced polyisocyanurate, and asphalt core board yielded optimum pullout resistance. Alternative adhesion patterns were also tested and showed a maximum reduction of 60% from the optimized adhesion pattern.
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Holley, Timothy Michael. "Development of a test protocol for cyclic pullout of geosynthetics in roadway base reinforcement." Thesis, Montana State University, 2009. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2009/holley/HolleyT0509.pdf.

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Geosynthetics, or manmade materials used in soils engineering, have successfully been used as base reinforcement of pavements for over 40 years. Use of geosynthetics can result in cost savings by allowing the aggregate base layer to be reduced in thickness and/or the service life of the pavement to be extended. Design methods for this type of reinforcement have typically been developed by individual manufacturers for specific products. These methods are not widely used by state transportation agencies because 1) they are proprietary, 2) they are empirically based, and 3) they lack compatibility with the current national trend towards mechanistic-empirical pavement design procedures. This project was initiated to develop testing methods to determine one of the critical material properties needed for mechanistic-empirical base-reinforced pavement design, namely, the resilient interface shear stiffness. This property describes the interaction, in particular the shear stiffness, between the geosynthetic and the surrounding aggregate. This new test protocol closely mimics vehicular load patterns, resulting in design parameters pertinent to the use of the geosynthetics to reinforce the base course. A study was conducted to evaluate the repeatability of these tests and to develop a standardized test method. Specific parameters under investigation include load pulse and rest period duration, embedment length of the geosynthetic, and differences in results using different soils and types of geosynthetics. Some parameters seemed to have little effect on values of resilient interface shear stiffness, while others vastly impacted the results. Load pulse and rest period durations did not affect output results significantly. Maintaining a constant confinement or shear stress during the test duration produced higher repeatability and correlated well to the adapted resilient modulus equation. Three-aperture length tests on polyester geogrid also correlated well with this equation, however repeatability was moderately low. Polypropylene geogrid and a woven geotextile confined in Ottawa sand displayed low correlation to this equation. During testing, very small displacements occur, and therefore, every effort should be made to ensure that these measurements are accurate and not skewed by electrical noise and interference.
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Reynolds, Michael Scott. "A Relationship Between the Strengths of Type N Cubic Mortar Specimens and In-Situ Mortar." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7572.

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The compressive strength of mortar is typically determined using the American Societyfor Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard method using 2 inch cubes which are compressed tillfailure. There is however a disparity between the compressive strengths of mortar cubes, and insitumortar. This disparity is a result of the differences in thickness, aspect ratio, curingconditions, water content, and confinement between mortar cubes and mortar joints. While thesedifferences lead to mortar joints being stronger than mortar cubes, a relationship between theirstrengths is desired.Two less-common mortar strength tests were used to determine more accurately thecompressive strength of in-situ mortar. The results of both tests were compared to the results ofASTM standard compressive testing with mortars of the same water content. The first was theDouble Punch test which involves the use of two metal punches that compress either side of athin mortar sample till failure. The Double Punch test is more difficult to perform than theASTM standard compression test, but was useful because it simulates the confinement that insitumortar will experience. The Double Punch test was also used with mortar specimens ofvarying thickness to determine a relationship between specimen thickness and compressivestrength. The second test used was the Helix Pullout test. This test is performed by insertingmetal helical screws into a mortar joint, and pulling from the joint while restricting rotation. Themaximum load used to extract the Helix is recorded as the Pullout Load, and is used to find thecompressive strength by use of a calibration curve. This test was used on a masonry wall paneland mortar cubes were also made with the same mortar for compressive testing.The tested mortar exhibited decreased compressive strength with increased water content.The mortar also decreased in strength with increasing specimen thickness. Mortar joints wereshown to be significantly stronger than mortar cubes based on factors of specimen thickness andconfinement by an average factor of at least 2.40. Although results are affected by punchdiameter, the Double Punch test was shown to be a consistent and reliable means of estimatingmortar compressive strength. The Helix Pullout test exhibited wide variation, and wasdetermined to be primarily useful for qualitative comparison as opposed to quantitativedetermination of strength.
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Beloni, Marcelo de Lima. "Resistência ao arrancamento de grampos em solo residual de gnaisse." Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 2010. http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/3736.

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Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:27:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2671402 bytes, checksum: 5e8d1471c2dce03d8b3c04e46e23e3e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-13
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
The adoption of the soil nailing technique in the project of slope stability once or excavations it is being more and more frequent. This with it is reguire a larger number of studies about the estimate of the the pullout resistance (qs) in function of parameters of field tests for the most varied types of Brazilian soils.The objective of this research was to propose correlations for the qs resistence in function of field tests, and also to compare the results also found in the pullout test with dear in existent formulations. The study was accomplished in a slope of young gneissic residual soil, Viçosa - MG.In the field test they occurred the standard penetration test (SPT), Menard pressuremeter test (PMT), Marchetti dilatometer test (DMT) and pullout test in twelve nails, only made with no injection procedures. The assembly of the pullout test system was different from the proposal for other authors and it was shown effective.The qs values obtained in the pullout tests and the correlations found for each nails were compared using appropriate statistics for each analysis. The parameters of the field test used in the proposed correlations Nspt, PL, and P0, were certain for the average of your magnitudes along the nails. The pullout resistance found for each nails and the parameters obtained in the field tests they were plotted in dispersion graphs us which lineal and no-lineal regressions were applied in the intention of to evaluate which mathematical model was adapted better to each proposition. For the correlation qs x Nspt the logarithmic model presented larger correlation coefficient (R2) and significance (p <0,05), in the relationship qs x p0 the quadratic form obtained larger R2, however the behavior of the curve was not suitable with the one of the soil, being accomplished the option by the logarithmic model that was highly significant (p <0,01). The correlation qs X PL didn't show any statistically significant and the choice of the format of the lineal curve was based on the behavior of the soil, same not presenting the largest value of R2. In the case to to the proposed correlations it s possible to conclude that they can be used as initial estimate of project being indispensable the execution of pullout tests to prove the safety with relationship to the values of adopted qs.
A adoção da técnica de solo grampeado no projeto de contenção de taludes ou escavações vem sendo cada vez mais freqüente, com isto se faz necessário um maior numero de estudos sobre a estimativa da resistência ao arrancamento (qs) em função de parâmetros de ensaios de campo para os mais variados tipos de solos brasileiros. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi propor correlações para a estimativa de qs em função de ensaios de campo, e também comparar os valores encontrados nos ensaios de arrancamento com estimados em formulações existentes. O estudo foi realizado em um talude de solo residual jovem de origem gnáissica, Viçosa MG. No campo efetuaram-se os ensaios de penetração (SPT), sondagem pressiometrica de Ménard (PMT), sondagem dilatometrica de Marchetti (DMT) e ensaios de arrancamento em 12 grampos, confeccionados somente com a bainha. A montagem do sistema de arrancamento foi diferente da proposta por outros autores e se mostrou eficaz. Os valores de qs obtidos nos ensaios de arrancamento e os encontrados pelas correlações existentes para cada grampo foram comparados através de estatísticas adequadas para cada análise. Os parâmetros dos ensaios de campo utilizados nas correlações propostas Nspt, PL, e p0, foram determinados pela média de suas magnitudes ao longo dos grampos. As resistências ao arrancamento encontrada para cada grampo e os parâmetros obtidos nos ensaios de campo foram plotados em gráficos de dispersão nos quais se aplicaram regressões lineares e não-lineares no intuito de avaliar qual modelo matemático se adequou melhor a cada proposição. Para a correlação qs x Nspt o modelo logarítmico apresentou maior coeficiente de correlação (R2) e significância estatística (p<0,05), na relação qs x p0 a forma quadrática obteve maior R2, porém o comportamento da curva não foi condizente com o do solo, sendo realizada a opção pelo modelo logarítmico que se mostrou altamente significante (p<0,01). Já a correlação qs X PL não apresentou nenhum modelo estatisticamente significante e a escolha do formato da curva linear foi baseada no comportamento do solo, mesmo não apresentando o maior valor de R2. Quanto às correlações propostas conclui-se que podem ser utilizadas como estimativa inicial de projeto sendo imprescindível a execução de ensaios de arrancamento para comprovar a segurança quanto aos valores de qs adotados.
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Arnold, Matthew Lukas. "Un-tensioned pullout tests to predict the bond quality of different prestressing reinforcements used in concrete railroad ties." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/15625.

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Master of Science
Department of Civil Engineering
Robert J. Peterman
An experimental testing program was conducted at Kansas State University (KSU) to test the bond characteristics of various 5.32-mm-diameter steel wires and smaller diameter (less than 0.5 in.) strands used in prestressed concrete railroad ties. A total of 13 wires and six strands produced by seven different steel manufacturers were used during this testing. Since no wire bond pullout test currently exists, one was developed and its validity tested. This un-tensioned pullout test could serve as a quality control test similar to the standard test for strand bond (ASTM A1081) that has been developed for pretensioned strands. This strand test is currently not verified for strands less than 0.5-in. in diameter, so the procedure was also scrutinized using strands common in the concrete railroad tie industry. Some of the wires and strands contained surface indentations. It is generally accepted that indentations in the reinforcements improve the bond between the steel and concrete. To further complicate the issue, reinforcements with different surface conditions (rust, oils, lubricants) are allowed to be used in the concrete ties which further affects the bond quality of the reinforcements. However, no standardized indentation patterns (shape, size, depth of indent, etc.) or surface conditions (degree of rusting, amount of surface lubricants, etc.) are utilized by all wire and strand manufacturers. Thus, the corresponding bond behavior of these different reinforcements when placed in various concrete mixtures, in terms of average transfer lengths and typical variations, is essentially unknown. The purpose of this testing program was to develop (in the case of wires) or verify/develop (in the case of strands) a pullout testing procedure predictive of the reinforcement’s bond performance in a prestressed application. The test should be relatively inexpensive, demonstrably repeatable, and easily reproducible. Results from the un-tensioned pullout tests were compared to transfer length measurements from accompanying pretensioned concrete prisms in the lab. Additionally, pullout tests and transfer length measurements were obtained at an actual concrete railroad tie manufacturing plant. The obtained data was compared to the lab data and analyzed to further understand the relationship between un-tensioned pullout tests and pretensioned concrete members.
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Polydorou, Thomaida. "Determination of acceptance criteria for prestressing strand in pre-tensioned applications." Diss., Kansas State University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18259.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Department of Civil Engineering
Kyle A. Riding
ASTM recently adopted the Standard Test Method for Evaluating Bond of Seven-Wire Steel Prestressing Strand as ASTM A1081, a pull-out test procedure developed for verifying the ability of steel strands to bond to cementitious materials prior to their use as tensile reinforcement in prestressed concrete sections. The required by ASTM International precision and bias statement has not been developed for this test method. In addition, a minimum threshold value that will ensure only adequately bonding strand sources will be accepted has not yet been applied to ASTM A1081. The test method was developed after findings that prestressing steel strand sources of identical type and grade vary significantly as far as their bonding capacity. Bond is a crucial aspect of the prestressing force being transferred into the concrete, and insufficient bonding action can result in the prestressed concrete section lacking in capacity to sustain the loads that it was designed for. After an initial survey of the pull-out strength of North American Strand in mortar, three strands of differing pull-out strengths were selected for inclusion in further testing. A precision and bias statement for ASTM A1081 was developed by first performing ruggedness testing to determine how the results are affected by allowable variations in methods and materials, and followed by an inter-laboratory study to determine the reproducibility of the test method. Once the precision and bias statement for the standard test method was developed, the same strand sources were tested for their performance in concrete beams. Statistical analysis of the flexural beam testing data and correlation with the prestressing strand sources’ ASTM A1081 test results was performed, and the industry was provided with minimum acceptance criteria for prestressing strand tested by ASTM A1081, along with recommendations regarding the standard test method and aspects of prestressed concrete design.
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Cavalcanti, Renato Albuquerque de Oliveira. "Estudo biomecânico comparativo entre novo sistema de bloqueio (PAX) e sistema convencional de bloqueio (Synthes) em ensaios de arrancamento e teste de quatro pontos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10137/tde-13082015-171413/.

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Os materiais utilizados nas osteossínteses passam constantemente por avanços tecnológicos. Um dos mais recentes dispositivos é a chamada placa bloqueada, suas principais indicações são fraturas com alto grau de cominução, fraturas que não exigem uma redução anatômica, ossos osteopenicos, por exemplo, acometidos pela osteoporose, entre outras. Atualmente novos modelos de placas com bloqueio estão sendo desenvolvidos, onde a interface do parafuso e a placa são feito pela deformação do orifício, com a vantagem da instalação do parafuso em diversos ângulos. O presente projeto tem por objetivo estudar comparativamente a diferença entre os dois tipos de interface parafuso placa, como também realizar teste de quatro pontos comparando o sistema novo de bloqueio com o sistema convencional de bloqueio. Realizamos ensaios de arrancamento com sistema convencional de bloqueio (Synthes) e com o novo sistema de bloqueio (PAX) em parafusos 2,0mm; 2,4mm; 2,7mm e 3,5mm. Em todos os grupos testados o sistema convencional de bloqueio foi mais resistente e apresentou diferença significativa estatisticamente, teste de Mann- Witney (p< 0,05). Os valores de P obtidos foram: sistema 2.0mm p = 0,008; sistema 2.4 mm p= 0,008; sistema 2.7 mm p= 0,016; sistema 3.5 mm p= 0,008. No teste de 4 pontos utilizamos 20 placas da marca Synthes (sistema convencional de bloqueio) e 20 da marca PAX (novo sistema de bloqueio) e o sistema convencional de bloqueio se mostrou novamente mais resistente com diferença significativa. Os valores de P obtidos foram: sistema 2.0mm p = 0,008; sistema 2.4 mm p= 0,008; sistema 2.7 mm p= 0,008; sistema 3.5 mm p= 0,008. Conclui-se que o sistema convencional de bloqueio se mostrou mais resistente tanto no teste de arrancamento quanto no teste de flexão de quatro pontos.
The materials used in osteosynthesis constantly technological advances. One of the most recent devices is called the locking plate, its main indications are fractures with a high degree of comminution, fractures which do not require anatomical reduction, osteopenic bones, for example, affected by osteoporosis, among others. Currently new locking plate designs are being developed, where the screw interface and the plate are made by deformation of the hole, with the installation of the advantage screw at various angles. This study aims to compared the difference between the two types of interface screw - plate but also perform four-point test comparing the new locking system with the conventional system lock. Pullout tests conducted with conventional locking system (Synthes) and the new locking system (PAX) by screws 2.0mm; 2.4mm; 2.7mm and 3.5mm. In all groups tested the conventional system of blockade was stronger and showed a statistically significant difference, Mann-Witney test (p <0.05). P values were obtained: System 2.0mm P = 0.008; system 2.4 mm p = 0.008; System 2.7 mm p = 0.016; system 3.5 mm p = 0.008. In test points 4 used 20 Synthes plate mark (conventional blocking system) and 20 brand PAX (new locking system), the conventional locking system again showed a significant difference resistant. P values were obtained: System 2.0mm P = 0.008; system 2.4 mm p = 0.008; system 2.7 mm p = 0.008; system 3.5 mm p = 0.008. It follows that the conventional locking system has proved much more resistant peel test as in the four point bending test.
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Sudoi, Elias K. "Factors influencing horizontal cracking in continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP)." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc9025/.

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This research presents the results on an experimental investigation to identify the significant factors influencing horizontal cracking in continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP). An in-depth analysis of the microstructure, morphological characteristics of the interfacial transition zone (ITZ) and the observation of cracking using the environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) was done. Characterization of oxides using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and electron dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) was also performed. Water to cement ratio (w/c) and rebar temperature had a significant influence on the rebar-concrete bond strength. The 28-day shear strength measurements showed an increase in rebar-concrete bond strength as the water to cement ratio (w/c) was reduced from 0.50 to 0.40. There was a reduction in the peak pullout load as the temperature increased from 14oF to 252oF for the corroded and non-corroded rebar experiments. The corroded rebar pullout test results showed a 20-50 % reduction in bond strength compared to the non-corroded rebars. FTIR measurements indicated a presence of lepidocrocrite (γ -FeOOH) and maghemite (γ -Fe2O3) on the ITZ. ESEM images showed the existence of microcracks as early as three days after casting with the bridging of these cracks between coarse aggregate locations in the interfacial zone propagating through the mortar.
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Books on the topic "Pullout test"

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A, Setlock John, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Sapphire reinforced alumina matrix composites. [Washington, D.C: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1994.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pullout test"

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Demir, Teyfik, and Cemile Başgül. "Effect of Test Conditions." In The Pullout Performance of Pedicle Screws, 45–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16601-8_6.

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Dai, Ying, Xing Ji, Lin Ye, and Yiu Wing Mai. "Specimen Design for IFSS Measurement in Fiber Pullout Test." In Fracture of Materials: Moving Forwards, 149–54. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-994-6.149.

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Lin, Yu-Liang, Guo-Lin Yang, Yun Li, and Xiang-Jing Huang. "Pullout Test Study on Interface Friction Characteristics of Reinforcements with Red Sandstone as Filler." In Advances in Environmental Geotechnics, 812–16. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04460-1_102.

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Yin, Jian-Hua. "Test Study of Pullout Resistance of Soil Nails in Compacted Completely Decomposed Granite Fill." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Fundamentals of Soil Behaviours, 329–37. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0125-4_36.

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Silva, Isabela Leão Amaral da, Alice Barreto Bevitori, Felipe Perisse Duarte Lopes, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Pullout Test of Jute Fiber to Evaluate the Interface Shear Stress in Polyester Composites." In EPD Congress 2011, 359–65. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118495285.ch44.

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Saur, Wolfgang, Andrea Kustermann, Manfred Keuser, and Karl Christian Thienel. "Pullout-Tests mit glatten, dünnen und biegeweichen Stahlfasern." In Baustoff und Konstruktion, 351–57. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-29573-7_35.

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Margem, Jean Igor, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Vinicius Alves Gomes, Marina Rangel Margem, and Frederico Muylaert Margem. "Pullout Tests Behavior of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Malva Fibers." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2015, 457–63. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119093404.ch56.

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Margem, Jean Igor, Sergio Neves Monteiro, Vinicius Alves Gomes, Marina Rangel Margem, and Frederico Muylaert Margem. "Pullout Tests Behavior of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Malva Fibers." In Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2015, 457–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-48191-3_56.

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Xu, Chao, and Cheng Liang. "DEM Simulation of Pullout Tests of Geogrid-Reinforced Gravelly Sand." In Proceedings of GeoShanghai 2018 International Conference: Ground Improvement and Geosynthetics, 446–54. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0122-3_49.

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Oliveira, Michelle Souza, Artur Camposo Pereira, Fabio da Costa Garcia Filho, Luana Cristyne da Cruz Demosthenes, and Sergio Neves Monteiro. "Performance of Epoxy Matrix Reinforced with Fique Fibers in Pullout Tests." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series, 729–34. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05749-7_73.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pullout test"

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Massey, Kim M., and Merwin W. Jones. "Tube Pullout Testing Experience." In 2012 20th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering and the ASME 2012 Power Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone20-power2012-55216.

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This paper provides an overview of the use of pullout testing to determine the optimum parameters for assuring reliable tube to tubesheet joints in condensers and heat exchangers. The test is described with typical test methods, equipment and test precautions. Numerous examples of data from a variety of units, tube materials, and tubesheet materials are presented. Also included are unique tests which were performed to qualify the tube expansion procedures prior to use in nuclear facilities. These tests include mockups for pneumatic and helium leak testing, and hydrostatic testing of mockups with rolled test joints at over 600 psi. Examples will include testing with 3 roll expanders compared to 5-roll expanders in heavy gauge titanium tubes, test results with a double tubesheet arrangement, and high strength joints with thin wall titanium tubes in brass tubesheets. An example comparing the pullout forces determined with a HEI beam strip analysis to the actual pullout test data is also discussed.
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Tian, Fengyi, and Hanbing Hu. "Pullout Test Study of Geogrid and Excavated Debris." In 2011 International Workshop on Engineering Application Research. Hangzhou: IEIT Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5813/www.ieit-web.org/ips.1.90.

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Arnold, Matthew L., Robert J. Peterman, Naga Narendra B. Bodapati, B. Terry Beck, and Chih-Hang (John) Wu. "Development of a Standard Bond Test for Indented Prestressing Wires." In 2013 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2013-2461.

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An experimental testing program was conducted at Kansas State University (KSU) to test the bond characteristics of various 5.32 mm-diameter, Grade 270 low-relaxation steel wires used in prestressed concrete railroad ties. This un-tensioned pullout test could serve as a quality control test similar to the NASP (North American Strand Producers) Strand Bond Test that has been developed for pre-tensioned strands. A total of twelve (12) wires produced by six different steel manufacturers were used to develop the wire pullout test. All of the wires were tested in their “as-received” condition and have different indent geometries. It is generally accepted that indentations in the wire improve the bond between the steel and concrete. However, there are currently no commonly accepted quality control tests that accurately predict a wire’s bond characteristics in a pre-tensioned application. The un-tensioned pullout test developed is comparable to the NASP [Strand] Bond Test. The specimens consist of a 4 in. (100 mm) outer-diameter tube with a total length of 8 in. (200 mm) and a steel plate welded to the bottom. The 5.32 mm-diameter wire was centered in the tube and the sand-cement mortar was placed and allowed to cure. The flow of the mortar was measured for consistency and 2” × 2” (50 mm × 50 mm) mortar cubes were used to determine the compressive strength of the mortar. The specimens were tested when the compressive strength of the mortar was between 4500 and 5000 psi (31.0 MPa and 34.5 MPa). Each batch of mortar contained 12 pullout specimens; one with each wire type. Each wire was tested six times leading to a total of six batches and a total of 72 mortar specimens. During testing, the wires were loaded in force control at the bottom, while continuously monitoring and recording the movement (slip) of the wire with respect to the mortar at the opposite (top) end. The force verses end-slip data of the six tests for each wire type were numerically combined to obtain the average bond performance. These average results from the un-tensioned pullout tests were then compared to transfer length measurements from accompanying pre-tensioned concrete prisms. In general, the wire end slip measurements from the pullout tests were found to have good correlation with the measured transfer length. For all 12 wires, a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.872 was found between the average pullout force (at 0.10-inch (2.54 mm) of wire free-end slip) and average transfer length measurements from the accompanying concrete prism tests. However, when only the indented wires were considered, the R2 increased to 0.913.
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Jorge, Felipe S. B., and Conrado S. Rodrigues. "TOUGHNESS ANALYSIS OF STEEL FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE BY PULLOUT TEST." In Brazilian Conference on Composite Materials. Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.21452/bccm4.2018.02.32.

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Eun, Jongwan, Ranjiv Gupta, and Jorge G. Zornberg. "Effect of Geogrid Geometry on Interface Resistance in a Pullout Test." In Geotechnical Frontiers 2017. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784480472.025.

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Roodi, Gholam H., Amr M. Morsy, and Jorge G. Zornberg. "Implementation of T-Z Analysis Approach to Predict Pullout Test Results." In IFCEE 2018. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/9780784481592.023.

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Straatsma, Michael, Anthony Barletta, and Alexandra Schonning. "Design of a Screw Test Fixture via Computer-Aided Engineering." In ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49837.

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Biomet Microfixation is a biomedical engineering company specializing in craniomaxillofacial products. One of their main products is the manufacturing of screws. The current method of testing the pullout strength of the screws has been under investigation and it was determined that a new screw test fixture must be designed. The new method would exert an axial load to the screw adhered to a substrate. The design process for developing the fixture followed an iterative process including brainstorming, developing conceptual drawings, three dimensional computer-aided modeling, and computer-aided drafting. The final design was a three part device that allowed for easy and quick testing of the axial pullout strength of multiple screws. The design has been approved and is soon to be manufactured and utilized.
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Tan, S. A., and P. H. Ooi. "An Experiment Study on Rapid Pullout Test of Soil Nail in Sand." In GeoShanghai International Conference 2006. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40864(196)27.

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Kim, Y. S., Y. Cho, S. Bang, and K. D. Jones. "Pullout Capacity of Suction Piles in Clay Under Eccentric Vertical Loads." In ASME 2011 30th International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2011-49058.

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As part of a study on the determination of the suction pile vertical pullout loading capacity, five centrifuge model tests have been conducted on a model suction pile embedded in clay. Details of the centrifuge model test procedures and results are described. Variable in the centrifuge model tests includes the point of the mooring line attachment which was varied from the top to the bottom along the side of the model suction pile. The effect of this parameter on the suction pile vertical pullout capacity is described and discussed in detail. Test results indicate that the loading capacity increases, reaches its peak, and then decreases as the loading point moves downward.
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Holste, Joseph R., Mark Haynes, Robert J. Peterman, B. Terry Beck, and Chih-Hang John Wu. "Tensioned Pullout Test Used to Investigate Wire Splitting Propensity in Concrete Railroad Ties." In 2014 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2014-3833.

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An experimental program was done at Kansas State University to investigate the possibility of splitting caused by different wire indent patterns used in concrete railroad ties. 5.32-mm-diameter pre-stressing wires with chevron, dot, or spiral indent patterns were tested along with a smooth wire. The wires were tested using a tensioned pullout test setup that was developed to simulate the transfer length bond area interaction between the wire and the concrete. The wires were tensioned to 75% of their ultimate capacity before the concrete specimens were cast around the wire. Various diameter concrete specimens were tested to determine the amount of cover needed to prevent splitting. The wire was de-tensioned when the concrete had reached 4,500 psi, during which time wire slip and force were measured on each side of the specimen. The spitting behavior found during this testing was used to determine the probability of a wire to cause potential splitting in a concrete railroad tie. Indent geometry data was also compared with this test data to determine a method for predicting the splitting potential based on indent geometry.
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Reports on the topic "Pullout test"

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Ragalwar, Ketan, William Heard, Brett Williams, Dhanendra Kumar, and Ravi Ranade. On enhancing the mechanical behavior of ultra-high performance concrete through multi-scale fiber reinforcement. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41940.

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Steel fibers are typically used in ultra-high performance concretes (UHPC) to impart flexural ductility and increase fracture toughness. However, the mechanical properties of the steel fibers are underutilized in UHPC, as evidenced by the fact that most of the steel fibers pull out of a UHPC matrix largely undamaged during tensile or flexural tests. This research aims to improve the bond between steel fibers and a UHPC matrix by using steel wool. The underlying mechanism for fiber-matrix bond improvement is the reinforcement of the matrix tunnel, surrounding the steel fibers, by steel wool. Single fiber pullout tests were performed to quantify the effect of steel wool content in UHPC on the fiber-matrix bond. Microscopic observations of pulled-out fibers were used to investigate the fiber-matrix interface. Compared to the control UHPC mixture with no steel wool, significant improvement in the flexural behavior was observed in the UHPC mixtures with steel wool. Thus, the addition of steel wool in steel fiber-reinforced UHPC provides multi-scale reinforcement that leads to significant improvement in fiber-matrix bond and mechanical properties of UHPC.
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Weiss, Charles, William McGinley, Bradford Songer, Madeline Kuchinski, and Frank Kuchinski. Performance of active porcelain enamel coated fibers for fiber-reinforced concrete : the performance of active porcelain enamel coatings for fiber-reinforced concrete and fiber tests at the University of Louisville. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40683.

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A patented active porcelain enamel coating improves both the bond between the concrete and steel reinforcement as well as its corrosion resistance. A Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program to develop a commercial method for production of porcelain-coated fibers was developed in 2015. Market potential of this technology with its steel/concrete bond improvements and corrosion protection suggests that it can compete with other fiber reinforcing systems, with improvements in performance, durability, and cost, especially as compared to smooth fibers incorporated into concrete slabs and beams. Preliminary testing in a Phase 1 SBIR investigation indicated that active ceramic coatings on small diameter wire significantly improved the bond between the wires and the concrete to the point that the wires achieved yield before pullout without affecting the strength of the wire. As part of an SBIR Phase 2 effort, the University of Louisville under contract for Ceramics, Composites and Coatings Inc., proposed an investigation to evaluate active enamel-coated steel fibers in typical concrete applications and in masonry grouts in both tension and compression. Evaluation of the effect of the incorporation of coated fibers into Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) was examined using flexural and compressive strength testing as well as through nanoindentation.
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