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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulp tissue dissolution capability'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 7 June 2025

Last updated: 16 July 2025

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Alamoudi, Rana A., Soha A. Alamoudi, and Ruaa A. Alamoudi. "Biological Potential of the Main Component, Thymoquinone, of Nigella sativa in Pulp Therapy—In Vitro Study." Life 12, no. 9 (2022): 1434. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12091434.

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This work is designed to assess the antimicrobial efficacy, chelating efficacy, and dissolving capability of the bioactive agent of the Nigella sativa plant (thymoquinone). Four freeze-dried microorganisms were studied. Each species was treated with either 6% sodium Hypochlorite, thymoquinone, or sterile water. The zone of inhibition was measured. Thirty extracted human premolar teeth were utilized to evaluate the smear layer removal. Root canals were mechanically instrumented and then irrigated with either 6% sodium Hypochlorite, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, or thymoquinone for 1 min and scanned under the scanning electron microscopic to evaluate the cleanliness of the root canal and the remainder of the smear layer. To evaluate the tissue dissolving effect, Bovine Pulp Tissue was utilized. Randomly treated samples included: 6% sodium Hypochlorite, thymoquinone, or isotonic saline for 30 min. The remaining pulp tissue was weighed. Thymoquinone reported the highest inhibition of microbial multiplication compared to other irrigants (p < 0.001). Thymoquinone solution had an excellent antibacterial effect on endodontic pathogen and did not affect the inorganic and organic tissue inside the root canal. Meanwhile, it reported weak chelating and dissolving effects. Tissue dissolution was statistically significant with sodium Hypochlorite solution compared to other groups (p < 0.001).

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Akhanda, Manna Haque, Fahmida Siddiqua, Dilara Jahan, et al. "PHARMACOKINETICS OF DIFFERENT HERBAL ENDODONTIC IRRIGANTS AND THEIR EFFICACY AS IRRIGANTS IN PULPECTOMY OF PRIMARY TEETH: A LITERATURE REVIEW." Journal of Population Therapeutics & Clinical Pharmacology 31, no. 8 (2024): 1332–45. https://doi.org/10.53555/7w754y88.

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AbstractFor millennia, human have been using traditional medicine to cure & prevent various illness. Different herbal products & their numerous beneficial properties which have been promoted its use in both medical & dental field. Pulpectomy procedure directed to eliminate microorganisms from the root canal space of primary teeth which ultimately carried out associated healing of apical tissue. Complex root canal morphology, presence of lateral & accessory canals, continuously resorbing root, primary teeth demand particular attention. Conventional irrigants are synthetically made chemical substances, pose some difficulty during procedure as physical & chemical properties of irrigants are less tolerated to the pediatric patients. Post treatment complication & certainadverse reactions are also well documented with conventional irrigants. An irrigation solution has been chosen considering antimicrobial efficacy, ability to remove smear layer & the ability to dissolve pulp tissue. In this regards, Kaul & Raut instituteda classification of herbal endodontic irrigants. Different bioactive components in herbal agents and their mechanism of action inside the root canals are potential for their use in pulpectomy procedure. In this context, this narrative review aims to discuss pharmacokinetics of different herbal irrigants & their efficacy as root canal irrigants in the field of pediatric dentistry.

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Kalandar, Ganesh, Manoj Ramugade, Kishor Sapkale, Abrar Sayed, and Sapna Sonkurla. "A Comparative Evaluation of Pulp Tissue Dissolving Ability of Three Different Pulp Dissolving Agents With 5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite: An In-Vitro Study." International Journal of Orofacial Research 7, no. 2 (2023): 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacres.v7i2.903.

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Introduction: The dissolution of pulp tissue is an essential aspect of root canal treatment, as it aids in the removal of necrotic or infected tissue from the root canal, thereby reducing the microbial load. Aim: This in-vitro study aimed to compare the pulp tissue dissolving ability of three different pulp-dissolving agents with a 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution. Materials and Methods: 128 intact, non-carious extracted human single-rooted premolar teeth were selected and sectioned to harvest intact pulp tissue. Pulp tissue samples were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=32) based on the pulp dissolving agent used: Group I (5.25% NaOCl solution), Group (5% Calcium hypochlorite solution), Group III (5.25% NaOCl gel) and Group IV (8% Papain gel). The initial weight of each sample was recorded and samples were exposed to specific pulp-dissolving agents for specified time intervals. The time required for complete dissolution of the pulp tissue was recorded for all samples till 120 mins. Results: The study analyzed the mean weight of pulp tissue in various groups, including Group I, Group II, Group III, and Group IV. After 30 minutes, complete dissolution of pulp tissue was evident in Group I, while Group II showed 0.0058 grams of remaining tissue after 30 minutes, 0.0040 grams after 60 minutes, and 0.0022 grams after 120 minutes. Group III showed 0.0072 grams of remaining tissue after 30 minutes, and Group IV showed 0.0075 grams of remaining tissue after 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, and 120 minutes. Conclusion: 5.25% NaOCl has the highest pulp tissue dissolution efficacy compared to other dissolving agents. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these findings and assess the feasibility of these agents in clinical practice.

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Arslan, Dilara, Mehmet Burak Guneser, Alper Kustarci, Kursat Er, and Seyda Herguner Siso. "Pulp tissue dissolution capacity of QMix 2in1 irrigation solution." European Journal of Dentistry 09, no. 03 (2015): 423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.163229.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution efficacy of four root canal irrigation solutions (sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl], chlorhexidine gluconate [CHX], Octenidine [OCT], and QMix 2in1) on bovine pulp tissue. Materials and Methods: Fifty bovine pulp tissue samples, each weighing 6.55 mg, were prepared and randomly divided into four experimental groups and one control group (n = 10) according to the dissolution irrigants used: (1) 5.25% NaOCl group; (2) 2% CHX group; (3) OCT group; (4) QMix 2in1 group; and (5) control group (saline solution). These samples were then placed into special bovine dentin reservoir models and immersed for 1 h with each test solution (0.1 mL of each) at room temperature. The pulp samples were then blotted dry and weighed again. The percentage of weight loss was calculated. Statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of variance and post-hoc Tukey tests (P = 0.05). Results: Saline solution did not dissolve the bovine pulp tissue. All groups, except OCT, dissolved pulp samples more effectively than the control group (P < 0.05). The highest tissue dissolution was observed in 5.25% NaOCl group (P < 0.05). No statistically significant difference was found between the tissue-dissolving effect between QMix 2in1 and those of 2% CHX. Conclusions: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, NaOCl exhibited the best tissue-dissolving effect out of all solutions tested. CHX and QMix 2in1 were able to dissolve pulp tissue but less than NaOCl. OCT and saline solutions could not exhibit significantly tissue-dissolving effectiveness. This study shown that QMix 2in1 has little capacity to dissolve pulp tissue therefore used alone is not sufficient for this purpose.

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Almeida, Luiza Helena Silva de, Natália Gomes e. Silva Leonardo, Ana Paula Neutzling Gomes, Luciano Giardino, Erick Miranda Souza, and Fernanda Geraldo Pappen. "Pulp Tissue Dissolution Capacity of Sodium Hypochlorite Combined with Cetrimide and Polypropylene Glycol." Brazilian Dental Journal 24, no. 5 (2013): 477–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302041.

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This study evaluated the influence of the addition of cetrimide and polypropylene glycol to sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on its capacity to dissolve pulp tissue. Bovine pulp fragments with standardized weight and volume were immersed for 5, 15 and 30 min in 2 mL of NaOCl and Hypoclean (NaOCl added with cetrimide and polypropylene glycol) solutions at 5.25%, 2.5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.25% and afterwards re-weighted. Distilled water was used as a control. The percentage of tissue loss was considered for statistical analysis (univariate ANOVA, SPSS, v. 17.0) at 5% significance level. There was no tissue dissolution in the control group. NaOCl added with surfactants (Hypoclean) dissolved more pulp tissue (p<0.05) than NaOCl alone. Tissue dissolution was directly dependent on the concentration of solutions (p<0.05), and also on the time range (p<0.05). The combination of NaOCl at high and low concentrations with the surfactants cetrimide and polypropylene glycol increased significantly its capacity to dissolve pulp tissue.

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Niewierowski, Renata Senger, Luíza Rodrigues Scalzilli, Renata Dornelles Morgental, et al. "Bovine Pulp Tissue Dissolution Ability of Irrigants Associated or Not to Ultrasonic Agitation." Brazilian Dental Journal 26, no. 5 (2015): 537–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201300243.

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Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution ability of different irrigating solutions associated or not to ultrasonic agitation. Ninety bovine pulp fragments (n=10 per group) were weighed and then placed individually in Eppendorf test tubes containing the following irrigants: G1- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G2- 2.5% NaOCl + ultrasonic agitation (US); G3- 2.5% NaOCl + 0.2% cetrimide (CTR); G4- 2.5% NaOCl + 0.2% CTR + US; G5- 400 ppm Sterilox (SX); G6- SX + US; G7- 0.2% CTR; G8- 0.2% CTR + US; G9- saline solution. Two blinded observers assessed the samples continuously for the first 4 h, and then every hour for the next 12 h. Dissolution speed was calculated by dividing the initial pulp weight (mg) by the period of time until complete dissolution (min). Data were compared by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test with a 5% significance level. G1 to G4 dissolved pulp fragments completely and G2 was significantly faster than the other groups. G5 to G9 did not exhibit dissolving activity. In conclusion, only groups containing NaOCl were capable of pulp tissue dissolution, which was enhanced by ultrasonic agitation, but did not alter when 0.2% cetrimide was associated. This isolated solution and Sterilox showed no dissolving capacity, regardless the use of ultrasound.

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Tanomaru-Filho, Mario, Juliane Maria Guerreiro-Tanomaru, Bruna Ramos Franco Silveira, and Roberta Bosso Martelo. "Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, no. 11 (2015): 876–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1775.

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ABSTRACT Aim and objective To evaluated the tissue dissolution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and peracetic acid (PA) solutions at different concentrations, with or without ultrasonic agitation. Materials and methods The following solutions were analyzed: 2.5% NaOCl, 0.5, 1 and 2% PA, 1% PA associated with 6.5% hydrogen peroxide (HP) and saline. Fragments of bovine pulp tissue with 25 ± 2g mg were immersed into test tubes containing 4 mL of the solutions for 10 minutes. In the groups with agitation, pulp tissues were submitted to 2 cycles of 1 minute of ultrasonic agitation. The specimens were weighed after the removal from the solutions. The percentage of mass loss was calculated according to the difference of mass before and after exposure to solutions. Data were submitted to ANOVA and Tukey tests (p . 0.05). Results A total of 2.5% NaOCl with or without agitation showed the higher tissue dissolution (between 64.5 and 67% of mass reduction) (p < 0.005). By comparing the PA solutions, the concentrations of 1 and 2% with or without agitation and the concentration of 0.5% with agitation showed similar dissolution activity (between 35.4 and 44% of mass reduction). The use of the ultrasonic agitation promoted an increase of the dissolution ability only for 0.5% PA. Conclusion Peracetic acid solution has pulp tissue dissolution. However, this ability is lower than 2.5% NaOCl solution. Clinical significance The sodium hypochlorite solution shows higher ability to dissolve tissue than PA. How to cite this article Tanomaru-Filho M, Silveira BRF, Martelo RB, Guerreiro-Tanomaru JM. Influence of Concentration and Agitation of Sodium Hypochlorite and Peracetic Acid Solutions on Tissue Dissolution. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(11):876-879.

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Couto De Oliveira, Gabriel, Caio Souza Ferraz, Carlos Vieira Andrade Júnior, and Matheus Melo Pithon. "Chlorhexidine gel associated with papain in pulp tissue dissolution." Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics 38, no. 4 (2013): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.5395/rde.2013.38.4.210.

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Souza, Matheus Albino, Ana Paula Almeida, Vitória Menin, Daniel Lima Dalla Lana, Ana Paula Farina, and Doglas Cecchin. "Effectiveness of calcium and sodium hypochlorite associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation on pulp tissue dissolution – An in vitro study." Revista Odonto Ciência 31, no. 3 (2016): 109. http://dx.doi.org/10.15448/1980-6523.2016.3.21745.

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Objectives: To compare, in vitro, the effectiveness of calcium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite associated with passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) on pulpal tissue dissolution.Methods: The pulp tissue of forty-five bovine incisors was removed and each complete pulp was divided into two pieces of similar volume, resulting in 90 pieces distributed into nine groups (n=10), according to dissolution procedure: G1: distilled water; G2: 2.5% NaOCl; G3: 5.25% NaOCl; G4: 2.5% Ca(OCl)2; G5: 5.25% Ca(OCl)2; G6: 2.5% NaOCl+PUI; G7: 5.25% NaOCl+PUI; G8: 2.5%Ca(OCl)2+PUI and G9: 5.25% Ca(OCl)2+PUI. Each sample was weighed on a high precision balance before and after the dissolution procedure. The differences in weights were calculated and the mean percentage loss was determined. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Games-Howel tests at 5% significance level.Results: Group 5 (5.25% Ca(OCl)2), 6 (2.5% NaOCl+PUI), 7 (5.25% NaOCl+PUI), 8 (2.5% Ca(OCl)2+PUI) and 9 (5.25% Ca(OCl)2+PUI) showed the highest mean percentages of weight reduction when compared to other groups (p<0.001). However, there was no statistically significant difference between them (p<0.001).Conclusions: Ca(OCl)2 and PUI contributes significantly to dissolution of pulp tissue.

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Jakhar, Ashima, Anjali Shrivastava Vats, Simarjeev Singh, et al. "Investigating the Effects of Various Root Canal Irrigation Solutions on Tissue Dissolution and Microbial Control." Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences 16, Suppl 3 (2024): S2306—S2308. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_169_24.

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ABSTRACT Background: Both the mechanical cleansing effect and the irrigants’ capacity to disintegrate tissue are necessary for irrigation to be successful. Strong antibacterial but not poisonous to the periapical tissues and increased pulp tissue dissolution irrigant are all desirable qualities in an irrigant. Aim: To assess and compare the antibacterial properties and pulp tissue dissolving activity of various irrigation solutions. Methods and Materials: A total of 240 human mandibular permanent premolar teeth that were extracted recently for periodontal or orthodontic reasons were used in this investigation. Following irrigation, blood agar plates were used to conduct colony-forming unit (CFU) counts of the microorganism breeding colonies. Next, log CFU was computed. Before evaluating the ability of the five distinct irrigants utilized in this investigation to dissolve the frozen pulp tissues, the tissues were first smashed into smaller pieces using a mallet. Results: The bacterial count after irrigation in category 1 (normal saline), category 2 (aqueous ozone), category 3 (ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)), category 4 (chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX)), category 5 (super-oxidized water), and category 6 (sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl)) was 6.08 ± 0.87 log CFU mL-1, 0.92 ± 0.89 log CFU mL-1, 4.15 ± 0.20 log CFU mL-1, 3.34 ± 0.46 log CFU mL-1, 0.21 ± 0.52 log CFU mL-1, and 0.00 ± 0.00 log CFU mL-1, respectively. Conclusion: NaOCl has maximum antimicrobial reduction and pulp tissue dissolution property.

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Ana Luíza Leichtweis, Tiago André Fontoura de Melo, and Gustavo Golgo Kunert. "Analysis of the time required for dissolving the pulp tissue according to different methods of sodium hypochlorite activation." RSBO 12, no. 3 (2016): 285–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21726/rsbo.v12i3.765.

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To analyze the time required to dissolute the pulp tissue under different methods of sodium hypochlorite activation. Material and methods: 30 bovine pulp fragments, with an approximate volume of 45 ± 5 mg were divided into three experimental groups (n = 10). In group 1, only the fragments were immersed in 15 ml of 2.5%sodium hypochlorite. In group 2, the irrigant was manually stirred with an endodontic instrument type K size 40. In group 3, we used the ultrasonic insert n.39, driven by ultrasound device Jet Sonic Total. The time required for total dissolution of bovine tissue was measured and recorded for statistical analysis. Results and Conclusion: According to analysis of variance (Anova), with p<0.05, Group 1 showed significantly higher dissolution time than Groups 2 and 3. Moreover, no difference between the use of ultrasound and manual activation of the irrigating solution was found.

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Taneja, Sonali, Rupali Chadha, Seema Dixit, and Rohit Nayar. "An In Vitro Comparison of Quantitative Dissolution of Human Pulp in Different Irrigating Solutions." Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2010): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/johcd-4-2-28.

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ABSTRACT Pulp tissue from freshly extracted, intact vital premolars was removed in toto and was cut to get an approximate weight of 8.2 mg for each sample. Eighty samples thus obtained were divided into 4 groups of 20 samples each according to the irrigating solution used (5.25% NaOCl, 17% EDTA, BioPure MTAD and Distilled water (control group). Pulp tissue of specified equal weight (8.2 mg) was placed into each test tube of all groups carrying irrigants of measured volume (5ml each) at 37°C according to their specified subgroups time interval i.e. 10 min, 15 min, 20 min and 30 min respectively. The solution from each sample test tube was filtered and was left for overnight drying. The residual weight was calculated by filtration method. Results showed that the maximum amount of pulp was dissolved by 5.25% NaOCl at all time intervals. MTAD and 17% EDTA showed almost similar dissolution at all the time intervals.

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Takamori, Yasuhiko, Hironobu Suzuki, Kuniko Nakakura-Ohshima, et al. "Capacity of Dental Pulp Differentiation in Mouse Molars as Demonstrated by Allogenic Tooth Transplantation." Journal of Histochemistry & Cytochemistry 56, no. 12 (2008): 1075–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1369/jhc.2008.951558.

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Dental pulp elaborates both bone and dentin under pathological conditions such as tooth replantation/transplantation. This study aims to clarify the capability of dental pulp to elaborate bone tissue in addition to dentin by allogenic tooth transplantation using immunohistochemistry and histochemistry. After extraction of the molars of 3-week-old mice, the roots and pulp floor were resected and immediately allografted into the sublingual region in a littermate. In addition, we studied the contribution of donor and host cells to the regenerated pulp tissue using a combination of allogenic tooth transplantation and lacZ transgenic ROSA26 mice. On Days 5-7, tubular dentin formation started next to the preexisting dentin at the pulp horn where nestin-positive odontoblast-like cells were arranged. Until Day 14, bone-like tissue formation occurred in the pulp chamber, where intense tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive cells appeared. Furthermore, allogenic transplantation using ROSA26 mice clearly showed that both donor and host cells differentiated into osteoblast-like cells with the assistance of osteoclast-lineage cells, whereas newly differentiated odontoblasts were exclusively derived from donor cells. These results suggest that the odontoblast and osteoblast lineage cells reside in the dental pulp and that both donor and host cells contribute to bone-like tissue formation in the regenerated pulp tissue.

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Kumar N, Kiran, Biji Brigit K, Savitha B Naik, and Seema Merwade. "The effect of temperature on the tissue dissolution capacity of 10% calcium hypochlorite solution." RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences 10, no. 1 (2018): 13–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.26715/rjds.10_1_3.

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BACKGROUND: The cytotoxicity of Sodium hypochlorite has always been a concern when used as an endodontic irrigant. Quest for an equally effective, but less toxic substitute has led to researches on Calcium hypochlorite (Ca(ClO)2 ) solutions. But it has been proven that 10% Calcium hypochlorite solution at room temperature (250 C) demonstrated slower rate of tissue dissolution than Sodium hypochlorite. Aim: This study was performed to assess if preheating enhanced the tissue dissolution capacity of 10% Ca(ClO)2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human pulp tissue was obtained from freshly extracted single rooted mandibular premolars. The tissue weight was standardized to 9.5mg. The test groups consisted of freshly prepared Ca(ClO)2 solutions at room temperature (250 C), 450 C and 600 C. Ten specimens were assigned to each group with each specimen immersed in 2ml of the test solution. Five specimens immersed in normal saline made the control group. Every five minutes the tissue was retrieved, blotted dry, weighed and immersed back in fresh 2 ml of solution. This was continued for 60 minutes or till complete dissolution. The percentage difference in weight at each interval was calculated. The values obtained were statistically analyzed using one –way ANOVA. Intergroup comparison at different time intervals was done using Bonferroni test. RESULTS: Ca(ClO)2 solution at 600 C dissolved the tissue significantly faster than other solutions. The tissue dissolution rate of solution at 450 C was greater than that at 250 C. (P< 0.05) CONCLUSION: Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that preheating 10% Ca(ClO)2 solution significantly enhanced its tissue dissolution capacity.

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Yuan, Shengmeng, Xueting Yang, Xiuting Wang, Jinlong Chen, Weidong Tian, and Bo Yang. "Injectable Xenogeneic Dental Pulp Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Hydrogel Promotes Functional Dental Pulp Regeneration." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 24 (2023): 17483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242417483.

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The present challenge in dental pulp tissue engineering scaffold materials lies in the development of tissue-specific scaffolds that are conducive to an optimal regenerative microenvironment and capable of accommodating intricate root canal systems. This study utilized porcine dental pulp to derive the decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) via appropriate decellularization protocols. The resultant dECM was dissolved in an acid pepsin solution to form dECM hydrogels. The analysis encompassed evaluating the microstructure and rheological properties of dECM hydrogels and evaluated their biological properties, including in vitro cell viability, proliferation, migration, tube formation, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation. Gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel served as the control. Subsequently, hydrogels were injected into treated dentin matrix tubes and transplanted subcutaneously into nude mice to regenerate dental pulp tissue in vivo. The results showed that dECM hydrogels exhibited exceptional injectability and responsiveness to physiological temperature. It supported the survival, odontogenic, and neurogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in a 3D culture setting. Moreover, it exhibited a superior ability to promote cell migration and angiogenesis compared to GelMA hydrogel in vitro. Additionally, the dECM hydrogel demonstrated the capability to regenerate pulp-like tissue with abundant blood vessels and a fully formed odontoblast-like cell layer in vivo. These findings highlight the potential of porcine dental pulp dECM hydrogel as a specialized scaffold material for dental pulp regeneration.

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Fridrihsone, Velta, Juris Zoldners, Marite Skute, et al. "Dissolution of Various Cellulosic Materials and Effect of Regenerated Cellulose on Mechanical Properties of Paper." Key Engineering Materials 800 (April 2019): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.800.138.

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Recycling of paper materials or other type of cellulose fibres is important regarding saving nature resources and environmental protection. Cellulose dissolution and regenerating from various materials is one of recycling possibilities. Cellulose dissolution by NaOH/urea system has a great potential due to the use of harmless reagents, and at the same time is challenging due to the forming of gel-like substances, when cellulose has degree of polymerization more than 1000. It was found that microcrystalline cellulose and cotton cellulose were dissolved in NaOH/urea, but tissue paper, filter paper and waste paper were not dissolved completely. Additives of Kraft pulp and pulp waste dissolved and regenerated from NaOH/urea and cupriethylendiamine (CuETD) in amount 0-30% from paper composition increased mechanical properties of paper sheet. CuETD additive was more effective than NaOH/urea additive, however latter has potential for further research as environmentally friendlier.

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Jeya Gopika, G., Sathyanarayanan Ramarao, Carounanidy Usha, Bindu Meera John, and N. Vezhavendhan. "Histological evaluation of human pulp capped with light-cured calcium based cements: a randomized controlled clinical trial." International Journal of Scientific Reports 3, no. 5 (2017): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-2156.intjscirep20171926.

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Background: Calcium hydroxide has traditionally been used as the pulp capping material for pulpal exposures in permanent teeth. The tunnel defects in the barrier and the tendency for dissolution, however, fails to provide permanent protection to the pulp. Light curable resin based cements have been introduced to enable a better marginal seal and lesser dissolution. The purpose of this study was to compare and evaluate the response of human pulp following direct pulp capping with the new resin based Calcium silicate (TheraCal LC) and Calcium hydroxide with hydroxyapatite (Septocal LC) cements compared with calcium hydroxide (Dycal). Methods: 72 intact human premolars scheduled for orthodontic extractions were exposed to direct pulp capping procedures using three different pulp capping agents. Teeth were randomly divided into 3 groups, Group A: Dycal, Group B: TheraCal LC, Group C: Septocal LC. The teeth were extracted at the end of 15 and 40 days’ and were evaluated histologically. They were scored for reparative dentin formation and inflammatory response. Inferential statistics was done using Chi square test. Results: Majority of the specimens in all three groups at the end of 15 days’ showed partial to lateral deposition of hard tissue. There was continuous deposition of hard tissue and severe inflammatory response at the end of 40 days’ in Dycal. There was partial deposition of hard tissue and reduced inflammatory response at the end of 40 days’ in TheraCal LC and Septocal LC. However, the results were not statistically significant between the three groups at two different time periods. Conclusions: Light cured, Calcium silicate (TheraCal LC) and Calcium hydroxide with hydroxyapatite (Septocal LC) cements were as effective as calcium hydroxide (Dycal) in inducing the formation of reparative dentin and evoking inflammatory response.

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Wojtasz-Mucha, Joanna, Merima Hasani, and Hans Theliander. "Dissolution of wood components during hot water extraction of birch." Wood Science and Technology 55, no. 3 (2021): 811–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00226-021-01283-9.

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AbstractAutohydrolysis-based pretreatments enable extraction of hemicellulose from wood tissue prior to the paper pulp cooking processes enabling their further use as platform chemicals and in material applications. In this study, hot water extraction of birch meal was conducted in a small flow-through system. The combination of high surface area of the milled material with increased driving force induced by constant flow of freshwater, together with fast evacuation of extract, enabled a detailed study of the dissolution process. Based on the findings, deeper insight into acidification and autohydrolysis progress was obtained.

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Al Shakarchi, Sally Adnan Abdulhameed, and Aseel Issam. "The Biological Effect of Laser on Dental Hard Tissues Review." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 28, no. 3 (2021): 455–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v28i3.4180.

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Laser absorption in biological tissue is mostly owing to the existence of free water molecule, protein, pigment and other macromolecule. Absorbed laser can have three different consequences: photothermal, photomechanical and photochemical. The effect of laser on enamel at a low energy density may become more resistant to acid dissolution. While laser was used on dentine to limited thermal effect and reduce dentine sensitivity with energy irradiation. However, the laser irradiation result in more extensive pulp damage and reparative dentinogenesis was delayed . Root specimens have exhibited higher rates of inhibition of caries like lesion progression and resistance to acid dissolution than those seen in enamel specimens, after combined laser fluoride treatment.

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Nunes, Kiany Scarssi, Letícia Feron, Francisco Montagner, and Tiago André Fontoura de Melo. "Analysis of root canal organic tissue dissolution capacity according to the type of irrigation solution and agitation technique." Brazilian Journal of Oral Sciences 15, no. 1 (2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/bjos.v15i1.8647128.

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Aim: To analyze the root canal organic tissue dissolution capacity promoted by irrigating solutions, with or without the use of different agitation techniques. Methods: Bovine pulp tissue fragments were initially weighed. The following irrigating solutions were tested: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 2% chlorhexidine digluconate solution, and distilled water. The irrigating protocols were: immersion, mechanical agitation with endodontic files, and ultrasonic or sonic systems (Endoactivactor® and Easy Clean®). At the end of the protocols, the pulps were weighed to determine their final weight. For comparison, the average percentage of tissue dissolution in relation to the groups was analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric test complemented by multiple comparisons test. The significance level was set at 5%. Results: Among the irrigation solutions, 2.5% sodium hypochlorite showed a higher dissolving power than 2% chlorhexidine digluconate and distilled water. Furthermore, ultrasonic and sonic systems were more effective irrigating protocols than immersion and mechanical agitation with endodontic files. Conclusions: The combination of sodium hypochlorite with an agitation system promotes a greater degree of tissue degradation.

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Steier, Liviu, Giampiero Rossi-Fedele, Monique Acauan, Priscila Bianchini, Matheus Albino Souza, and José Antônio Poli de Figueiredo. "Analysis of bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability by photodynamic therapy: an in vitro study." Revista Odonto Ciência (Online) 26, no. 1 (2011): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65232011000100014.

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Só, Marcus Vinícius Reis, Fabiana Vieira Vier-Pelisser, Mirena Sonza Darcie, Daniele Geni Rockenbach Smaniotto, Francisco Montagner, and Milton Carlos Kuga. "Pulp tissue dissolution when the use of sodium hypochlorite and EDTA alone or associated." Revista Odonto Ciência (Online) 26, no. 2 (2011): 156–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1980-65232011000200011.

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Okino, L. A., E. L. Siqueira, M. Santos, A. C. Bombana, and J. A. P. Figueiredo. "Dissolution of pulp tissue by aqueous solution of chlorhexidine digluconate and chlorhexidine digluconate gel." International Endodontic Journal 37, no. 1 (2004): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2004.00749.x.

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De-Deus, Gustavo, Marco André de Berredo Pinho, Claudia Reis, Sandra Fidel, Erick Souza, and Matthias Zehnder. "Sodium Hypochlorite with Reduced Surface Tension Does Not Improve In Situ Pulp Tissue Dissolution." Journal of Endodontics 39, no. 8 (2013): 1039–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.035.

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Vu, Huong Thu, Ji-Young Yoon, Jae-Hee Park, et al. "The Potential Application of Human Gingival Fibroblast-Conditioned Media in Pulp Regeneration: An In Vitro Study." Cells 11, no. 21 (2022): 3398. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11213398.

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Regenerative endodontic treatment based on tissue engineering has recently gained interest in contemporary restorative dentistry. However, low survival rates and poor potential differentiation of stem cells could undermine the success rate of pulp regenerative therapy. Human gingival fibroblast-conditioned medium (hGF-CM) has been considered a potential therapy for tissue regeneration due to its stability in maintaining multiple factors essential for tissue regeneration compared to live cell transplantation. This study aimed to investigate the potency of hGF-CM on stem cells from human dental pulp (DPSC) in pulp regeneration. A series of experiments confirmed that hGF-CM contributes to a significant increase in proliferation, migration capability, and cell viability of DPSC after H2O2 exposure. Moreover, it has been proved to facilitate the odontogenic differentiation of DPSC via qRT-PCR, ALP (alkaline phosphatase), and ARS (Alizarin Red S) staining. It has been discovered that such highly upregulated odontogenesis is related to certain types of ECM proteins (collagen and laminin) from hGF-CM via proteomics. In addition, it is found that the ERK pathway is a key mechanism via inhibition assay based on RNA-seq result. These findings demonstrate that hGF-CM could be beneficial biomolecules for pulp regeneration.

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Varise, Tiago Gilioli, Carlos Estrela, Débora Fernandes Costa Guedes, Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto, and Jesus Djalma Pécora. "Detection of Organochlorine Compounds Formed During the Contact of Sodium Hypochlorite with Dentin and Dental Pulp." Brazilian Dental Journal 25, no. 2 (2014): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201302404.

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This study used gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to detect the products formed during the contact of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) with bovine pulp and dentin. For analysis of the products formed in the volatile phase, 11 mg of bovine pulp tissue were placed in contact with 0.5%, 2.5% and 5.25% NaOCl until complete tissue dissolution occurred. The solid phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was exposed inside the container through the cover membrane and immediately injected into the GC-MS system. 30 mg of the of dentin were kept in contact with NaOCl, and then the SPME fiber was exposed inside the container through the cover membrane for adsorption of the products and injected into the GC-MS system. The same protocol was used for the aqueous phase. For analysis of the volatile compounds, the final solution was extracted using pure ethyl ether. The suspended particulate phase of the mixture was aspirated, and ether was separated from the aqueous phase of the solution. The ether containing the products that resulted from the chemical interaction of dentin and pulp with the NaOCl was filtered and then injected into the GC-MS system for analysis of the aqueous phase. The aqueous and volatile phases of both dentin and pulp showed the formation of chloroform, hexachloroethane, dichloromethylbenzene and benzaldehyde. In conclusion, organochlorine compounds are generated during the contact of dentin and pulp with NaOCl at concentrations of 0.5%, 2.5% and 5.25%.

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Barbosa, Antonio Vinicius Holanda, Gerhilde Callou Sampaio, Fábio Almeida Gomes, Daniel Pinto de Oliveira, Diana Santana de Albuquerque, and Ana Paula Veras Sobral. "Short-Term Analysis of Human Dental Pulps After Direct Capping with Portland Cement." Open Dentistry Journal 3, no. 1 (2009): 31–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210600903010031.

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This study evaluated the short-term response of human pulp tissue when directly capped with Portland cement. In this series of cases, twenty human third molars that were scheduled for extraction were used. After cavity preparation, pulp exposure was achieved and Portland cement pulp capping was performed. Teeth were extracted after 1, 7, 14 and 21 days following treatment and prepared for histological examination and bacterial detection. Each group had 5 teeth. The results were descriptively analysed. Dentin bridge formation was seen in two teeth with some distance from the material interface (14 and 21 days). Soft inflammatory responses were observed in most of the cases. Bacteria were not disclosed in any specimen. PC exhibited some features of biocompatibility and capability of inducing mineral pulp response in short-term evaluation. The results suggested that PC has a potential to be used as a less expensive pulp capping material in comparison to other pulp capping materials.

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Ghosh, Sumanta, Wei Qiao, Zhengbao Yang, Santiago Orrego, and Prasanna Neelakantan. "Engineering Dental Tissues Using Biomaterials with Piezoelectric Effect: Current Progress and Future Perspectives." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 14, no. 1 (2022): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14010008.

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Dental caries and traumatic injuries to teeth may cause irreversible inflammation and eventual death of the dental pulp. Nevertheless, predictably, repair and regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex remain a formidable challenge. In recent years, smart multifunctional materials with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and pro-regenerative properties have emerged as promising approaches to meet this critical clinical need. As a unique class of smart materials, piezoelectric materials have an unprecedented advantage over other stimuli-responsive materials due to their inherent capability to generate electric charges, which have been shown to facilitate both antimicrobial action and tissue regeneration. Nonetheless, studies on piezoelectric biomaterials in the repair and regeneration of the dentin-pulp complex remain limited. In this review, we summarize the biomedical applications of piezoelectric biomaterials in dental applications and elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to the biological effect of piezoelectricity. Moreover, we highlight how this state-of-the-art can be further exploited in the future for dental tissue engineering.

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Jain, Atul, TarunVijay Shrivastava, Sameena Tabassum, and Rachana Bahuguna. "Comparison of human pulp tissue dissolution capacities of different irrigating solutions: An in vitro study." European Journal of General Dentistry 4, no. 2 (2015): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/2278-9626.154168.

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Güçlüer, Öznur, Esin Akarsu, Emre Yavuz, Kürşat Er, and Alper Kuştarcı. "Human pulp tissue dissolution ability of different extracts of Sapindus mukorossi: An in vitro study." Chinese Herbal Medicines 12, no. 2 (2020): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chmed.2019.11.005.

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Rossi-Fedele, Giampiero, Liviu Steier, Esma Jane Dogramaci, Luigi Canullo, Gabriela Steier, and Jose Antonio Poli de Figueiredo. "Bovine pulp tissue dissolution ability of HealOzone®, Aquatine Alpha Electrolyte® and sodium hypochlorite." Australian Endodontic Journal 39, no. 2 (2010): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4477.2010.00287.x.

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Hsieh, Sung-Chih, Jeng-Ting Tsao, Wei-Zhen Lew, et al. "Static Magnetic Field Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation in Pulp Cells by Affecting Cell Membrane Stability." Scientific World Journal 2015 (2015): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/492683.

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One of the causes of dental pulpitis is lipopolysaccharide- (LPS-) induced inflammatory response. Following pulp tissue inflammation, odontoblasts, dental pulp cells (DPCs), and dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) will activate and repair damaged tissue to maintain homeostasis. However, when LPS infection is too serious, dental repair is impossible and disease may progress to irreversible pulpitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine whether static magnetic field (SMF) can attenuate inflammatory response of dental pulp cells challenged with LPS. In methodology, dental pulp cells were isolated from extracted teeth. The population of DPSCs in the cultured DPCs was identified by phenotypes and multilineage differentiation. The effects of 0.4 T SMF on DPCs were observed through MTT assay and fluorescent anisotropy assay. Our results showed that the SMF exposure had no effect on surface markers or multilineage differentiation capability. However, SMF exposure increases cell viability by 15%. In addition, SMF increased cell membrane rigidity which is directly related to higher fluorescent anisotropy. In the LPS-challenged condition, DPCs treated with SMF demonstrated a higher tolerance to LPS-induced inflammatory response when compared to untreated controls. According to these results, we suggest that 0.4 T SMF attenuates LPS-induced inflammatory response to DPCs by changing cell membrane stability.

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Nakamura, H., L. Saruwatari, H. Aita, K. Takeuchi, and T. Ogawa. "Molecular and Biomechanical Characterization of Mineralized Tissue by Dental Pulp Cells on Titanium." Journal of Dental Research 84, no. 6 (2005): 515–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154405910508400606.

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The application of implant therapy is still limited, because of various risk factors and the long healing time required for bone-titanium integration. This study explores the potential for osseointegration engineering with dental pulp cells (DPCs) by testing a hypothesis that DPCs generate mineralized tissue on titanium. DPCs extracted from rat incisors positive for CD44, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralizing capability were cultured on polystyrene and on machined and dual-acid-etched (DAE) titanium. Tissue cultured on titanium with a Ca/P ratio of 1.4 exhibited plate-like morphology, while that on the polystyrene exhibited fibrous and punctate structures. Tissues cultured on titanium were harder than those on polystyrene, 1.5 times on the machined and 3 times on the DAE. Collagen I, osteopontin, and osteocalcin genes were up-regulated on titanium, especially the DAE surface. In conclusion, DPCs showing some characteristics of the previously identified dental pulp stem cells can generate mineralized tissue on titanium via the osteoblastic phenotype, which can be enhanced by titanium surface roughness.

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Rajasekar, Vidhyashree, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdalla, Mengyu Huang, Prasanna Neelakantan, and Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu. "Next-Generation Biomaterials for Vital Pulp Therapy: Exploring Biological Properties and Dentin Regeneration Mechanisms." Bioengineering 12, no. 3 (2025): 248. https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering12030248.

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The advancement of Vital Pulp Therapy (VPT) in dentistry has shown remarkable progress, with a focus on innovative materials and scaffolds to facilitate reparative dentin formation and tissue regeneration. A comprehensive search strategy was performed across PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science using keywords such as “vital pulp therapy”, “biomaterials”, “dentin regeneration”, and “growth factors”, with filters for English language studies published in the last 10 years. The inclusion criteria focused on in vitro, in vivo, and clinical studies evaluating traditional and next-generation biomaterials for pulp capping and tissue regeneration. Due to the limitations of calcium-based cements in tissue regeneration, next-generation biomaterials like gelatin, chitosan, alginate, platelet-rich fibrins (PRF), demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), self-assembling peptides, and DNA-based nanomaterials were explored for their enhanced biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and regenerative potential. These biomaterials hold great potential in enhancing VPT outcomes, but further research is required to understand their efficacy and impact on dentin reparative properties. This review explores the mechanisms and properties of biomaterials in dentin tissue regeneration, emphasizing key features that enhance tissue regeneration. These features include biomaterial sources, physicochemical properties, and biological characteristics that support cells and functions. The discussion also covers the biomaterials’ capability to encapsulate growth factors for dentin repair. The development of innovative biomaterials and next-generation scaffold materials presents exciting opportunities for advancing VPT in dentistry, with the potential to improve clinical outcomes and promote tissue regeneration in a safe and effective manner.

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Slutzky-Goldberg, Iris, Aiham Hanut, Shlomo Matalon, Valery Baev, and Hagay Slutzky. "The Effect of Dentin on the Pulp Tissue Dissolution Capacity of Sodium Hypochlorite and Calcium Hydroxide." Journal of Endodontics 39, no. 8 (2013): 980–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2013.04.040.

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Irala, Luis Eduardo Duarte, Renata Grazziotin-Soares, Alexandre Azevedo Salles, Aline Zen Munari, and Joseani Santos Pereira. "Dissolution of bovine pulp tissue in solutions consisting of varying NaOCl concentrations and combined with EDTA." Brazilian Oral Research 24, no. 3 (2010): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242010000300003.

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Rossi-Fedele, Giampiero, and Jose A. P. De Figueiredo. "Use of a bottle warmer to increase 4% sodium hypochlorite tissue dissolution ability on bovine pulp." Australian Endodontic Journal 34, no. 1 (2008): 39–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-4477.2007.00110.x.

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Iandolo, Alfredo, Massimo Amato, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Dina Abtellatif, Andrea Blasi, and Massimo Gagliani. "An in vitro evaluation of the degree of pulp tissue dissolution through different root canal irrigation protocols." Journal of Conservative Dentistry 21, no. 2 (2018): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_49_18.

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Zainal Ariffin, Shahrul Hisham, Shabnam Kermani, Intan Zarina Zainol Abidin, et al. "Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells into Neuron-Like Cells in Serum-Free Medium." Stem Cells International 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/250740.

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Dental pulp tissue contains dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). Dental pulp cells (also known as dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells) are capable of differentiating into multilineage cells including neuron-like cells. The aim of this study was to examine the capability of DPSCs to differentiate into neuron-like cells without using any reagents or growth factors. DPSCs were isolated from teeth extracted from 6- to 8-week-old mice and maintained in complete medium. The cells from the fourth passage were induced to differentiate by culturing in medium without serum or growth factors. RT-PCR molecular analysis showed characteristics ofCd146+,Cd166+, andCd31−in DPSCs, indicating that these cells are mesenchymal stem cells rather than hematopoietic stem cells. After 5 days of neuronal differentiation, the cells showed neuron-like morphological changes and expressed MAP2 protein. The activation ofNestinwas observed at low level prior to differentiation and increased after 5 days of culture in differentiation medium, whereasTub3was activated only after 5 days of neuronal differentiation. The proliferation of the differentiated cells decreased in comparison to that of the control cells. Dental pulp stem cells are induced to differentiate into neuron-like cells when cultured in serum- and growth factor-free medium.

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Srinivasan, Srividhya, SenthilKumar Kumarappan, Anupama Ramachandran, ManjiriNagesh Honap, Sadasiva Kadandale, and Sreeram Rayar. "Comparative evaluation of pulp tissue dissolution ability of sodium hypochlorite by various activation techniques: An in vitro study." Journal of Conservative Dentistry 23, no. 3 (2020): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jcd.jcd_425_20.

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Al-Jadaa, A., F. Paqué, T. Attin, and M. Zehnder. "Necrotic pulp tissue dissolution by passive ultrasonic irrigation in simulated accessory canals: impact of canal location and angulation." International Endodontic Journal 42, no. 1 (2009): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01497.x.

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Ballal, N. V., K. Mala, and K. S. Bhat. "Effect of maleic acid and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid on the dissolution of human pulp tissue - an in vitro study." International Endodontic Journal 44, no. 4 (2011): 353–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2591.2010.01837.x.

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Jungbluth, Holger, Christine Peters, Ove Peters, Beatrice Sener, and Matthias Zehnder. "Physicochemical and Pulp Tissue Dissolution Properties of Some Household Bleach Brands Compared with a Dental Sodium Hypochlorite Solution." Journal of Endodontics 38, no. 3 (2012): 372–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2011.12.013.

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Singh, Sandeep, Ramen Sinha, S. K. Kar, Amber Ather, and S. N. Limaye. "Effect of chlorine dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on the dissolution of human pulp tissue – An in vitro study." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 68, no. 4 (2012): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mjafi.2011.11.003.

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Hadhoud, Fahd, and Karim Abdel-Kader. "Comparative evaluation of the tissue dissolution capability of 3% of sodium hypochlorite, 5%pomegranate, and 5%miswak." Egyptian Dental Journal 65, no. 3 (2019): 2867–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/edj.2019.72683.

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Vuong, A. T., A. D. Rauch, and W. A. Wall. "A biochemo-mechano coupled, computational model combining membrane transport and pericellular proteolysis in tissue mechanics." Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 473, no. 2199 (2017): 20160812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspa.2016.0812.

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We present a computational model for the interaction of surface- and volume-bound scalar transport and reaction processes with a deformable porous medium. The application in mind is pericellular proteolysis, i.e. the dissolution of the solid phase of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as a response to the activation of certain chemical species at the cell membrane and in the vicinity of the cell. A poroelastic medium model represents the extra cellular scaffold and the interstitial fluid flow, while a surface-bound transport model accounts for the diffusion and reaction of membrane-bound chemical species. By further modelling the volume-bound transport, we consider the advection, diffusion and reaction of sequestered chemical species within the extracellular scaffold. The chemo-mechanical coupling is established by introducing a continuum formulation for the interplay of reaction rates and the mechanical state of the ECM. It is based on known experimental insights and theoretical work on the thermodynamics of porous media and degradation kinetics of collagen fibres on the one hand and a damage-like effect of the fibre dissolution on the mechanical integrity of the ECM on the other hand. The resulting system of partial differential equations is solved via the finite-element method. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first computational model including contemporaneously the coupling between (i) advection–diffusion–reaction processes, (ii) interstitial flow and deformation of a porous medium, and (iii) the chemo-mechanical interaction impelled by the dissolution of the ECM. Our numerical examples show good agreement with experimental data. Furthermore, we outline the capability of the methodology to extend existing numerical approaches towards a more comprehensive model for cellular biochemo-mechanics.

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Xie, H., N. Dubey, W. Shim, et al. "Functional Odontoblastic-Like Cells Derived from Human iPSCs." Journal of Dental Research 97, no. 1 (2017): 77–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034517730026.

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The induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have an intrinsic capability for indefinite self-renewal and large-scale expansion and can differentiate into all types of cells. Here, we tested the potential of iPSCs from dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to differentiate into functional odontoblasts. DPSCs were reprogrammed into iPSCs via electroporation of reprogramming factors OCT-4, SOX2, KLF4, LIN28, and L-MYC. The iPSCs presented overexpression of the reprogramming genes and high protein expressions of alkaline phosphatase, OCT4, and TRA-1-60 in vitro and generated tissues from 3 germ layers in vivo. Dentin discs with poly-L-lactic acid scaffolds containing iPSCs were implanted subcutaneously into immunodeficient mice. After 28 d from implantation, the iPSCs generated a pulp-like tissue with the presence of tubular dentin in vivo. The differentiation potential after long-term expansion was assessed in vitro. iPSCs and DPSCs of passages 4 and 14 were treated with either odontogenic medium or extract of bioactive cement for 28 d. Regardless of the passage tested, iPSCs expressed putative markers of odontoblastic differentiation and kept the same mineralization potential, while DPSC P14 failed to do the same. Analysis of these data collectively demonstrates that human iPSCs can be a source to derive human odontoblasts for dental pulp research and test bioactivity of materials.

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Korpela, Antti, Atsushi Tanaka, and Jaakko Asikainen. "Enhancing subsequent kraft fiber dewatering properties by using fiber polyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE) treatment to prepare a dry pulp product,." BioResources 19, no. 3 (2024): 5227–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.19.3.5227-5238.

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The energy needed for the dewatering and drying of wet paper web represents around half of the energy consumption of papermaking processes. The present work examined whether the dewatering and drying of paper could be enhanced during a previous pulp drying process by pretreating the fibers with polyamide-epichlorohydrin (PAE). According to the hypothesis, the cured PAE restrains swelling and water absorption of water-wetted fibers by forming a fiber-bound, self-crosslinked polymer-network on the fiber surfaces. The hypothesis was tested by adding PAE to never-dried kraft pulp slurry followed by pulp thickening, drying, and final curing of the PAE-resin. After this, the PAE-treated fibers were dispersed in water, and their water retention values (WRV) and Shopper-Riegler values (○SR) were measured. The PAE pretreatments notably decreased the fibers´ WRV and ○SR, indicating improved water removal of paper web in the paper machine forming and drying section. Compared to chemical crosslinking pretreatments, which also can be used to decrease fibers WRV and ○SR-value, a notable advantage of PAE-pretreatment is milder required curing conditions of the PAE, which makes implementation of the method easier in practice. Due to decreased fiber-to-fiber bonding capability, the PAE-treated specialty fibers could take advantage especially as a bulking aid of paperboard, tissue, and absorbent materials.

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Roato, Ilaria, Giorgia Chinigò, Tullio Genova, Luca Munaron, and Federico Mussano. "Oral Cavity as a Source of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Useful for Regenerative Medicine in Dentistry." Biomedicines 9, no. 9 (2021): 1085. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines9091085.

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The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for regenerative purposes has become common in a large variety of diseases. In the dental and maxillofacial field, there are emerging clinical needs that could benefit from MSC-based therapeutic approaches. Even though MSCs can be isolated from different tissues, such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, etc., and are known for their multilineage differentiation, their different anatomical origin can affect the capability to differentiate into a specific tissue. For instance, MSCs isolated from the oral cavity might be more effective than adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) for the treatment of dental defects. Indeed, in the oral cavity, there are different sources of MSCs that have been individually proposed as promising candidates for tissue engineering protocols. The therapeutic strategy based on MSCs can be direct, by using cells as components of the tissue to be regenerated, or indirect, aimed at delivering local growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines produced by the MSCs. Here, the authors outline the major sources of mesenchymal stem cells attainable from the oral cavity and discuss their possible usage in some of the most compelling therapeutic frontiers, such as periodontal disease and dental pulp regeneration.

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Alim, Abdul, Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi, Sabiha Mahbub, and Shamim Ara. "Histomorphometric study of the human spleen." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 11, no. 4 (2012): 298–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12600.

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Context: The spleen is the largest single mass of lymphoid tissue in all vertebrates. Histological changes are evident in advancing age along with functional capability of the human spleen. A cross-sectional, descriptive type of study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from January to December 2008, to see the age related microscopic changes in the human spleen. Methods: 30 human spleens were collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine of Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age-groups including group A (15-29 years), group B (30-49 years) & group C (50-69 years). Then 5 best prepared histological slides from each group were taken and examined under the light compound microscope to determine the thickness of capsule, diameter, number and percent amount of white pulp in the human spleen. Results: The thickness of the splenic capsule were found 84.60±7.97 ?m, 117.92±4.16 ?m, and 132.17±6.37 ?m in group A, B and C respectively. The diameter of the white pulp were found 0.32±0.01 mm, 0.32±0.01 mm and 0.31±0.01 mm, while the number of white pulp per sq. mm were 2.28±1.04, 2.38±0.93 and 2.04±0.76 in group A, B and C respectively. Moreover, the amounts of the white pulp were determined 23.09±1.38, 24.45±1.84 and 22.54±1.08 in group A, B and C respectively. The difference in thickness of the splenic capsule was statistically significant among the study groups (p<0.001). However, no difference was found in diameter, number and percentage of the white pulp of the spleen among those age groups. Conclusion: The thickness of the capsule of the spleen was found to increase with advancing age in humans. However, no age change was evident in diameter, number or amount of the white pulp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v11i4.12600 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 11 No. 04 Oct12

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