Journal articles: 'Pulping. Papermaking'

1

Kennedy, J. F., and L. Quinton. "Primer of Pulping and Papermaking,." Carbohydrate Polymers 42, no. 2 (June 2000): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0144-8617(99)00171-x.

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Gardner, D. J. "Essentials of pulping and papermaking." Bioresource Technology 47, no. 2 (January 1994): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0960-8524(94)90123-6.

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Chen, Zicheng, Huiwen Zhang, Zhibin He, Lanhe Zhang, and Xiaopeng Yue. "Bamboo as an emerging resource for worldwide pulping and papermaking." BioResources 14, no. 1 (November 1, 2018): 3–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.3-5.

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As a widely distributed and fast growing graminaceous plant, bamboo has emerged as an important raw material for pulping and papermaking to mitigate the shortage of wood resources, at least in the East Asia region. New technologies such as silicon removal have been developed to overcome the disadvantage of bamboo as a pulping raw material, as well as to improve the quality of bamboo pulp products. The bamboo pulping capacity in China is continuing to increase in the near future.

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Jahan, M. Sarwar, M. Khalidul Islam, D. A. Nasima Chowdhury, S. M. Iqbal Moeiz, and U. Arman. "Pulping and papermaking properties of pati (Typha)." Industrial Crops and Products 26, no. 3 (October 2007): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2007.03.014.

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Wu, Qin, Hong Lei Chen, Bao Bin Wang, and Bei Bei Cao. "Analysis on Fast-Growing Black Poplar Branch Used as Raw Materials for APMP Pulping and Papermaking." Applied Mechanics and Materials 448-453 (October 2013): 972–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.448-453.972.

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Fiber morphology, chemical composition and wood characteristic of fast-growing black poplar branch were studied. Meanwhile, pulping performance of it used for alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp (APMP) was discussed preliminarily. The research results showed that the fast-growing black poplar branch can be used as raw materials for APMP pulping and papermaking.

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Ulfa, Maria, and Koriatul Isnaini. "The Effect of Soda Pulping Variables on Pulp Properties of Coir Fiber." Acta Chimica Asiana 3, no. 2 (October 18, 2020): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/aca.v3i2.47.

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Abstract The potential use of coir fiber for pulping and papermaking has been investigated. This research aimed to study effects of pulping processing variables (temperature, pulping time, and alkali charge/solvent pulping) on the properties of pulp (residual lignin, alpha cellulose, kappa number and pulp yield) from coir fiber. For this purpose, the coir fibers were cooked using alkali charge (10 to 20% oven dried, as NaOH), pulping time from 60 to 120 min and temperature from 65 to 180oC. Results indicated that alkali charge and pulping time gave more impact on the properties of pulp than temperature. Pulping at high temperature, long pulping time, and high alkali charge resulted in decreasing of lignin, pulp yield, and kappa number but instead on alpha cellulose content. Keywords: coir, soda pulping, lignin

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Jahan, M. Sarwar, S. Islam, M. Moniruzzaman, and MA Quaiyyum. "Effect of acid leaching of bamboo and hardwood chips on kraft pulping and pulp bleaching." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 51, no. 4 (December 10, 2016): 247–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v51i4.30441.

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Acid leaching of chips prior to pulping is a proven method to reduce non-process elements in kraft pulping process. In this paper, acid leaching of bamboo and hardwood chips was carried out at pH 2 for 1h at 80 °C prior to kraft pulping. Calcium removal in acid leaching from wood chips was 52.6% while for bamboo was only 17.4%. Acid leaching also reduced potassium (K) from 1258 mg/kg to 495.7 mg/kg for bamboo and 928 mg/kg to 562.5 mg/kg for wood chips. The effects of acid leaching on pulping, pulp bleaching, and papermaking characteristics were also determined. Acid leaching of both kinds of chips prior to kraft cooking resulted in a significant increase in the rate of delignification. Acid leached chips showed higher screen pulp yield and lower rejects at any kappa number. There was no significant difference of papermaking properties between pulps obtained from acid leached and non-leached chips. Using same ClO2 charge, acid leaching improved pulp brightness by 1% and 1.1% for hardwood and bamboo, respectively. Acid leaching improved pulp viscosity from 10.1 mP.s to 12.1 mP.s for hardwood.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(4), 247-252, 2016

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Xu, Ke Ming, Hai Yan Liu, Long Dong, Shuang Tong, and Yong Jian Liu. "Lignin Recovery from the Black Liquor of Reed Pulping." Advanced Materials Research 512-515 (May 2012): 2376–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.512-515.2376.

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Lignin is extracted from Reed black liquor of papermaking through the acid-precipitation method in this article. Single factor and orthogonal experimental design are applied to optimize research on the extraction of lignin from black liquor of papermaking process, the optimum extraction conditions are obtained: pH is 2, reaction temperatures is 60°C, coagulation time is 30min, flocculation temperature is 70°C. The results show that: the extraction effect of sulfuric acid is better than hydrochloric acid, and its flocculation effect of pH value on lignin production rate is the most, the following is by flocculation temperatures, flocculation, reaction temperature is with minimal impact. And the infrared spectroscopy is used to characterize the structure of extracting lignin.

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Zhu, Yong Qiang, Yu Ling Feng, Hai Ying Zhang, and Zhan Jun Zhang. "Advanced Processing of Biologically-Treated Papermaking Wastewater by Poly-Aluminum Chloride (PAC)." Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (September 2013): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.129.

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In this study, biologically treated paper-making wastewater was treated using PAC to study removal efficiency of color as a function of pH and dosage of PAC. It was found that PAC was relatively effective in removing color from biologically papermaking wastewater. The optimal dosage, pH and stirring time were 40 mL L-1, 5 and 30 min, respectively. Effluent color after coagulation at the optimal conditions was 40 PCU, meeting requirements of Industrial Wastewater Discharge Standard of Pulping and Papermaking (GB3544-2008) . Therefore, PAC dosage of 40 mL L-1 and pH of 5 were recommended for treatment of biologically treated papermaking wastewater.

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Hurter, Robert, and Medwick Byrd. "Pulping and bleaching of Malaysian oil palm empty fruit bunches." June 2017 16, no. 06 (2017): 361–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj16.6.361.

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Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) was evaluated as a raw material for papermaking pulp production. The EFB was chopped, screened, and washed before cooking. Preliminary bench-scale trials were carried out using soda and soda-anthraquinone cooking followed by bleaching using elemental chlorine free and totally chlorine free sequences. Pilot-scale soda cooking was carried out in a 2300 L spherical digester using the soda process followed by a three-stage elemental chlorine free bleaching sequence. Unbleached and bleached EFB pulps were tested for physical and optical properties. Comparisons were made between the properties of the EFB pulps and bleached kraft eucalyptus pulp. The EFB unbleached and bleached pulps were acceptable for papermaking.

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Ma, Yong Sheng, and Xian Hui Sun. "Study on Application of Organo-Silicon in Papermaking Industry." Advanced Materials Research 396-398 (November 2011): 1333–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.1333.

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Organosilicon compound are widely used in pulping and papermaking industry. The quality and capability of paper sheet are distinctly affected by the use of organosilicon. The application of organosilicon used as softening agent, defoamer agent, strengthening agent were introduced one by one in this paper.

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Ma, Yong Sheng, Lin Tong Wang, and Xian Hui Sun. "Deinking Technology and Deinking Agent of Waste Paper." Advanced Materials Research 335-336 (September 2011): 1340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.335-336.1340.

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Recycling of waste paper is one of pop topics of pulping and papermaking industry. Deinking technology is the key of recycling of waste paper. It is briefly introduced that methods of waste paper deinking and mechanism of deinking and constitute of deinking agent.

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Niu, Mei Hong, Na Li, Jian Zhang, and Qing Wei Ping. "Enzymatic Treatment of Mulberry Bast to Pulping." Applied Mechanics and Materials 295-298 (February 2013): 351–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.295-298.351.

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Bast fiber as raw material for bio-pulping has become a hot topic for its environmental-friendly and high quality fiber for paper in pulp and papermaking industry. In this paper, the reaction of the mulberry bast enzymatic pulping has been researched. It was treated with pectinase, find the best environmental factors, such as temperature and pH value, The results show that: from the changes of pectin content, pentosan content and Kappa number to determine the optimal temperature was 50°C, and pH value was 4.

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14

Sutradhar, S., M. Sarkar, J. Nayeem, M. Sarwar Jahan, and C. Tian. "Potassium hydroxide pulping of four non-woods." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 53, no. 1 (March 11, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v53i1.35903.

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Four non-woods such as, dhaincha (Sesbania bispinosa), jute stick (Corchorus capsularis), wheat straw (Triticum aestivum) and corn stalks (Zea mays) were cooked by potassium hydroxide (KOH) at the optimum conditions of soda pulping. Dhaincha, wheat straw and corn stalks were delignified to kappa number 19.4, 13.6 and 19, respectively, while jute stick was not delignified sufficiently (kappa number 32.5). All these four raw materials maintained good yield in KOH process. Dhaincha produced the highest pulp yield (50.5%) and wheat straw had the lowest pulp yield (44.7). All pulps were bleached by D0EpD1 bleaching sequences in identical bleaching conditions. Final pulp brightness reached to above 80% ISO except jute stick pulp. Jute stick pulp reached to 74.9% brightness only after the consumption of 30 kg ClO2/ ton of pulp. The overall bleaching yields were 92.6%, 88.4%, 90.1 and 90.8% for dhaincha, jute stick, wheat straw and corn stalks pulps, respectively. The oSR of these four non-wood bleached pulps was above 20, consequently improved papermaking in the unrefined state. Beating rapidly increased papermaking properties, as for example, the tensile index of dhaincha pulps increased from 49 N.m/g in the unrefined pulp to 90 N.m/g in the beaten 50 oSR. It can be seen that KOH is a good substitute to soda process for non-wood.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.53(1), 1-6, 2018

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Han, Xiao Fang, and Hong Qing Hu. "Application of Bleaching Reed Pulp by Xylanase-Producing Alkalophilic Bacillius." Advanced Materials Research 830 (October 2013): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.830.207.

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The reeds are the reeds of the Gramineae Lo bamboo family and they are major non-wood papermaking raw materials. Based on the importance of the reed in the papermaking, many useful discussions have been carried out about its pulping and bleaching processes (Shatalov et al.,2001).Finnish scholars reported a pulp by the xylanase treatment could reduce the segment of chloride to chlorine consumption of 25% for the first time in 1986 (Viikari et al., 1986),and it was soon put into industrial production after then. Xylanase can reduce the amount of chemical additives by improving the bleach ability of the pulp, thereby reducing environmental pollution and reduce production costs, and increase the brightness of the paper (Anatoly et al., 2007).Although many scholars have done a lot of research in biobleaching, and have made some progress, but most of the selection of microorganisms are fungi and neutrophilic bacteria, the production of xylanase is usually in the pH 5 - 7, 40-50°C which often leads to maximal activity, thus lack of compatibility with the conventional chemical pulping process. In recent years, the thermal stability of alkaline xylanase has been paid much attention (Shatalov et al.,2003). Alkalophilic bacteria secreted extracellular enzyme with heat, basophilic characteristics, can be used directly to the biopulping pretreatment and bleaching of wood and non wood raw materials. The recent study on organic solventbased pulping of giant reed showed that competitive papermaking fibres could be produced using this advanced pulping technology (Shatalov and Pereira, 2001). The amount of enzyme not only directly affects the size of pulp hardness, degree of polymerization and brightness, but also was the basis for investigating the economic of dealing with enzyme.The results of alkaline bacteria xylanase bleaching ramie fiber have been reported previously (Zheng et al., 2000). In this study, the xylanase of alkalophilic Bacillus is used in reed pulp bleaching pretreatment, and the physical and chemical properties of the enzyme to deal with the reed pulp are analyzed.

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Wang, Sen, An Long Zhang, Xin Ping Li, and Zhao Rong Wang. "Study on Advanced Treatment of Pulping and Papermaking Process Effluent by Immobilized Laccase." Advanced Materials Research 233-235 (May 2011): 712–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.233-235.712.

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The lacasse was immobilized by sodium alginate for papermaking wastewater treatment. The influence of the important factors on the treatment effect was studied by single factor test; and the optimized condition of immobilized lacasse treating papermaking wastewater was investigated by orthogonal test. The result shows that the optimum conditions are pH4, reaction time is 24h, shaker rotation speed is 160r/min, and reaction temperature is 40°C. The decoloring rate reach 73.3%, the COD removing rate is more than67.2%, the average CODCr and chroma of the treated water respectively are 98.3mg/L and 45.4times, The quality of the final water not only can completely satisfies the new discharge standard, but also the recycle requirements.

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17

Law, Kwei-Nam, and Jacques L. Valade. "Status of the utilization of jack pine (Pinusbanksiana) in the pulp and paper industry." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 24, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 2078–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x94-266.

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Although jack pine (Pinusbanksiana Lamb.), which represents 20% of the total softwood volume, is one of the most abundant commercial softwood species in Canada, its rate of utilization in pulping is surprisingly low. This paper reviews the literature concerning the physical and chemical properties as well as the pulping characteristics of this species by mechanical, thermomechanical, chemithermomechanical, chemimechanical, and chemical processes to better understand its potential use in papermaking. The objective is to identify the problems related to the use of jack pine so that solutions might be sought to promote its usage. Some recommendations are put forth concerning future research.

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Khiari, Ramzi, Evelyne Mauret, Mohamed Naceur Belgacem, and Farouk Mhemmi. "Tunisian date palm rachis used as an alternative source of fibres for papermaking applications." BioResources 6, no. 1 (December 7, 2010): 265–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.6.1.265-281.

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Every year, significant amounts of date palm rachises are accumulated in Tunisia. The rational valorisation of this renewable resource is therefore imperative, in order to fulfil the sustainability approach. In this context, this work aims to study the potential use of date palm rachises as a raw material for papermaking and to compare it with other sources of lignocellulosic fibres, such as wood, non-wood species, and agricultural wastes. For this purpose, soda-anthraquinone pulping of date palm rachis was performed giving rise to a yield of 45% (w/w). This value is similar to that obtained by pulping non-wood materials and is higher than that corresponding to the pulping of agricultural residues. The resulting pulps were subsequently refined using a PFI mill refiner at 0, 500, 1500, and 3000 revolutions, screened through a 0.15 mm mesh size sieve and used to produce conventional handsheets. Both pulps and papers were fully characterized in terms of morphological, chemical and physical properties, according to commonly used standards. The physical properties of the prepared handsheets were very similar to those displayed by other papers made of common lignocellulosic fibres. Furthermore, the pulps exhibited a good drainability together with excellent mechanical properties of the ensuing papers. For these reasons, date palm rachises could be considered as a potential source of fibres for papermaking applications.

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Abd El-Sayed, Essam S, Mohamed El-Sakhawy, and Mohamed Abdel-Monem El-Sakhawy. "Non-wood fibers as raw material for pulp and paper industry." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 35, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 215–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0064.

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AbstractPulp and paper industry in the world have been growing fast. As a result, there has been a massive request for pulp and paper raw materials. The raw materials used in papermaking can be classified into three groups: wood, non-wood, and recycled wastepaper. The Non-wood raw material is an important fiber resource in the regions where forest resources are limited. The current usage of non-wood plant fibers, as rice straws, corn stalks, cotton stalks, and bagasse would play a chief role in increasing papermaking raw materials. Using of non-wood plant fibers in the paper industry associated with some problems, including collection, transportation, storage and handling, washing, bleaching, papermaking, chemical recovery, supply of raw material and the properties of finished paper. Recently, a high-tech innovation in all the fields of papermaking has made non-wood more reasonable with wood as a raw material for papermaking. Although till now, use of non-wood fibers for pulp and paper manufacture was focused in countries with limited wood supply, it is now showing a growing effort even in countries with acceptable wood source due to environmental concerns. Consequently, the future of non-wood plant fibers as pulping and papermaking raw material looks bright.

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Al-Maruf, A., and M. Sarwar Jahan. "Pulping and papermaking potential of six mangrove species in Bangladesh." Journal of the Indian Academy of Wood Science 12, no. 2 (September 30, 2015): 116–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13196-015-0153-3.

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Daud, Zawawi, Mohd Zainuri Mohd Hatta, Ab Aziz Abdul Latiff, and Halizah Awang. "Corn Stalk Fiber Material by Chemical Pulping Process for Pulp and Paper Industry." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 608–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.608.

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The agriculture waste material can give benefit to many production industries. The studied crop is corn (Zea Mays) stalk. The objective of this work was to analysis the chemical composition; to study chemical pulping and papermaking properties of corn stalk and; to investigate the fiber morphology of properties of those crops. Firstly, the chemical composition of corn stalk were determined and compared with other non-woods. After that, chemical corn stalk was conducted in this analysis followed the physical and mechanical properties. The result showed that, corn stalk have cellulose (39.0%) and lignin content is the lowest (7.3%) content rather than other composition. In chemical pulping, reached high pulp yields had been produced and the strength properties: tear index, tensile index, burst and fold verified that they were of an acceptable quality for papermaking. This crop morphology was observed by Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM), which showed a condensed composition of fiber structure. This study can developed a friendly product and promote the green technology, suitable to be used as an alternative pulp in paper making industry.Keywords: Fiber, Corn stalk, Composition, Green technology, Pulp and paper making.

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Jincy P.J., Anita Das Ravindranath2, and U.S. Sarma. "Ecofriendly Organosolv Process for Pulping of Tender Coconut Fibre." CORD 31, no. 1 (April 1, 2015): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v31i1.64.

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The huge biomass generated by vendors of tender coconut is the broken husks refuse dumped along roads and highways in Kerala. These dumps become breeding grounds for diseased causing germs and carrier mosquitoes causing threat to human life. In order to avoid pollution and find use of the rejected biomass of tender husks, a study was carried out on pulping of tender coconut husk fibre which could be used for papermaking. The optimum pulping condition, the quality of the pulp and its yield was evaluated using different variables like time and temperature. It was observed that the organosolv process could efficiently remove lignin from the tender coconut fibre yielding maximum cellulose. During the traditional pulping processes such as Kraft pulping to isolate the cellulose fibers for the production of paper, the hemicellulose and lignin fractions are degraded, limiting their valorization possibilities. Organosolv pulping has been advocated as the environmentally benign version of the kraft process. Unlike other pretreatment methods, organic solvents can easily be recycled and reused. The lignin dissolved by organosolv pulping is easily recovered by dilution and is unsulphonated and relatively unmodified. Products like handmade paper, egg cartons, handicraft items, garden articles like paper pots could be made from the organasolv pulp of tender coconut husk fibre.

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23

Li, Hong, Bing Sun, Yu Xin Liu, and Ke Li Chen. "Study on Alkali-Oxygen Pulping of Bagasse Wet-Stored with Hypochlorite Bleaching Waste Water." Advanced Materials Research 468-471 (February 2012): 1211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.468-471.1211.

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In this paper, the bagasse wet-stored with hypochlorite (H) bleaching waste-water which was the original waste liquid from H bleaching process of bagasse, was cooked with alkali-oxygen and its pulping effect was studied. The results showed that the proper treatment time of wet storage with H bleaching waste-water was 12 days, the pulping properties were as follows: screened pulp yield 62.9%, kappa number 15.4, viscosity 802 mL/g, and brightness 58.8 %ISO. The strength properties of pulp were as follows: tensile index 65.6 N•m/g, tear index 5.86 mN•m2/g, burst index 3.83 kPa•m2/g and folding endurance 302 times. In addition, the pulping properties of bagasse wet-stored with H bleaching waste-water were similar to those of bagasse wet-stored with fresh water. Therefore, it can be concluded that the H bleaching waste-water could be used as spraying water for wet storage of bagasse. It was a new idea for saving fresh water in the pulping and papermaking industry.

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Daud, Zawawi, Mohd Zainuri Mohd Hatta, Mohd Baharufin Ridzuan, Halizah Awang, and Sharmiza Adnan. "Studies on Physical and Mechanical Properties by Soda-AQ Pulping of Napier Grass." Defect and Diffusion Forum 382 (January 2018): 318–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.382.318.

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Pulp and paper production from wood material as their main resources have a total capacity about more than one million tons per year. Malaysia has a high scale of deforestation based on the main resource for pulp and paper-based industry. Malaysia as its rate is accelerating faster than any other tropical countries in the world. This problem also affects the economic losses of some countries that face deforestation. To overcome this, Napier grass as a substitute material from non-wood material had been choose for pulp and papermaking industry. This study through the full fibre analysis and morphological characterization, pulpability at kappa number via soda-AQ pulping and the characteristic. These conclude that Napier grass had a high percentage of pulp yields; with a low screening rejects; good mechanical properties by TAPPI method. Thus, Napier grass has a potential to be substitute material for becoming waste-wealth product especially for Malaysia’s pulp and papermaking industry.

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Qin, Cheng Rong, Lei Jiang, Xi Yao Fu, Qing Wang, and Hong Gui Yi. "The Study on Pulping and Papermaking Performance of Banana Stem and Leaf." Advanced Materials Research 295-297 (July 2011): 760–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.295-297.760.

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The chemical composition of various parts of banana stem and leaf were analysed. The soda cooking and kraft cooking process of banana stem were optimized. The bleaching performance of the banana stem pulp was discussed. The results showed that the banana stem and leaf kraft pulp were good fiber material for pulping and papermaking. The brightness of banana stem bleached pulp can reach above 80%ISO through ClO2 bleaching.

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Janson, Jan, Timo Jousimaa, and Rainer Backman. "Phosphate-based pulping of agrofibre including papermaking and spent liquor recovery." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 11, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-1996-11-01-p004-009.

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Kälviäinen, H. "Machine vision based quality control from pulping to papermaking for printing." Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 21, no. 3 (September 2011): 486–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1054661811020441.

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Colin Chavez, Citlali, Herlinda Soto Valdez, Armida Rodríguez Féliz, Elizabeth Peralta, Ama Rosa Saucedo Corona, Marcela Guzmán Corona, and José Turrado-Saucedo. "Papermaking as Potential Use of Fibers from Mexican Opuntia ficus-indica Waste." Biotecnia 23, no. 1 (February 16, 2021): 141–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.18633/biotecnia.v23i1.1315.

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The papermaking potential of Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI) waste fibers was studied in this research. Alpha cellulose, lignin, hollocellulose, ethanol/benzene extractives and ash content were determined as 53.7±0.1%, 2.4±0.3%, 61.6±5.7%, 7.1±0.3% and 26.4±0.1%, respectively. The average fiber length, width, lumen and cell wall thickenss were found to be 1.1±0.3 mm, 18.8±6.1µm, 12.1±5.4 µm, 4.3±1.0 µm. Soda pulping was conducted using 20 and 28% sodium hydroxide, cooking temperatures of 160 and 175 °C, cooking times of 60 and 120 min, and liquor- to fiber ratio of 9:1. Soda pulping with 28% sodium hydroxide, 175 °C and 120 min showed a lower Kappa number of 29.60±1.7 and a total yield of 32.2±1.6 %. In general, tensile strength index (36.0±5.0 Nm/g), stretch (1.7±0.3%), breaking length (3.7±0.5 km), burst index (3.2±0.4 KPa.m2/g), tear index (7.3±0.0 mN.m2/g), folding endurance (166 times) and porosity (> 120 s) of OFI pulp were comparable with wood and non-wood pulps.

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Marques, Gisela, Jorge Rencoret, Ana Gutiérrez, and José C. del Río. "Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of Different Non-Woody Plant Fibers Used for Pulp and Paper Manufacturing." Open Agriculture Journal 4, no. 1 (December 31, 2010): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501004010093.

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The chemical composition of several non-woody plant fibers (bast fibers from flax, hemp, kenaf, jute; leaf fibers from sisal, abaca and curaua; and giant reed), which are used as raw materials for pulp and papermaking, has been evaluated. Particular attention was paid to the composition of the lipophilic compounds and the structure of the lignin polymer since they are important components of the fiber that strongly influence the pulping and bleaching performances.

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Chen, Hua, Jian Lou, Fei Yang, Jia-nan Zhou, Yan Zhang, and Huabo Yao. "Use of Oxalic-Acid-Modified Stellerite for Improving the Filter Capability of PM2.5 of Paper Composed of Bamboo Residues." International Journal of Polymer Science 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2198506.

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In this study, pulping conditions for kraft pulping of bamboo residues were investigated, predominantly focusing on cooking temperature and time during pulping. Oxalic acid and cationic starch were used for the modification of natural stellerite, and the use of modified stellerite for preparing filter paper for PM2.5 filtration was investigated. The optimal pulping technology of bamboo residues was established based on the following experimental parameters: liquor ratio of 1 : 5.5, cooking temperature of 160°C, and a holding time of 2 h. Modification by oxalic acid resulted in the promotion of pore formation at the stellerite surfaces and induced the microscopic changes. Nevertheless, paper strength remained practically unchanged after the addition of fillers, indicating that the cationic starch preblend method is a promising technique for papermaking because it enhances the strength properties of paper. With the variation in the addition of modified stellerite from 3 to 15%, while simultaneously maintaining the basis weight constant at 60 gm−2, the filtration efficiency of paper sheets first increased and then decreased later; thus the optimum stellerite content was found to be 9%. Filtration efficiency was suggested to be affected by gas flowing velocity.

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Wang, Xin Yu, Yi Fan Zhang, Wen Qian Li, Jia Chuan Chen, and Shuang Fei Wang. "Pilot Research on Outer Loop EGSB Anaerobic Reactor for Pulping and Papermaking Wastewater." Advanced Materials Research 864-867 (December 2013): 1684–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.864-867.1684.

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EGSB anaerobic reactor is used to treat the papermaking wastewater, and this paper explore the law of its quick start, HRT and operation cost. Results showed that, during the 47 days, at the condition of inlet COD concentration 2000mg/l, HRT 8h, ascending velocity 0.8m/h, gas output 3600L/d, the COD removal rate can reach up to 65%, and the operation cost is 0.75Yuan/t.

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Housseinpour, Reza, Ahmad Jahan Latibari, Ramin Farnood, Pedram Fatehi, and S. Javad Sepiddehdam. "Fiber Morphology and Chemical Composition of Rapeseed (Brassica Napus) Stems." IAWA Journal 31, no. 4 (2010): 457–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22941932-90000035.

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Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) stalks are widely available. Data on their fiber morphology and chemical composition is important to establish their best performance during pulping. This study found that average fiber length, fiber width, cell wall thickness, and lumen width of rapeseed were 1.32 mm, 31 μm, 5.75 μm, and 19.5 μm, respectively. Rapeseed fibers appear almost identical to wood fibers, but the accompanying vessel elements and parenchyma cells mean that small particles (fines) will be produced during refining. The chemical analysis of depithed rapeseed stalks showed that the cellulose, lignin, holocellulose, pentosan, and ash were 48.5%, 20%, 77.5%, 17%, and 6.6%, respectively. Alcoholacetone, hot water, cold water, and 1%-NaOH solubility were 6.6%, 5%, 13.8%, and 50.3%, respectively. These results indicate rapeseed stalks are suitable for pulping and papermaking.

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Masrol, S. R., Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim, Sharmiza Adnan, Muhammad Safiuddin Syah Amir Shah, Nor Mazlana Main, M. F. Esa, and M. H. Othman. "Effect of Beating Process to Soda Anthraquinone Pulp of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes Fibre." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 158–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.158.

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This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm handsheet of oil palm male flower spikes paper were prepared from OPMFS pulp with four different beating times which are 0 revolution, 1000 revolutions, 2000 revolutions and 3000 revolutions. All physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. The results show that overall physical and mechanical characteristics of POMFS paper were influenced and enhanced by beating process between 0 until 3000 revolutions. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking raw material for papermaking.

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Moon, Eun Sik, Seehan Park, Jong Hoon Lee, and Jong Myoung Won. "Preparation and Evaluation of Papermaking Pigments Using Kraft Pulping Process By-products." Journal of Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry 50, no. 6 (December 31, 2018): 63–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.7584/jktappi.2018.12.50.6.63.

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35

Rautiainen, Riikka, and Raimo Alén. "Papermaking properties of the ECF-bleached kraft pulps from first-thinning Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.)." Holzforschung 61, no. 1 (January 1, 2007): 8–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2007.002.

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Abstract First-thinning Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and the outer (containing long fibers) and inner (containing short fibers) parts of its stem wood were delignified on a laboratory scale by kraft pulping followed by oxygen-alkali delignification and bleaching with D0(EO)D1(EP)D2. The aim was to evaluate the potential use of the bleached pulps as reinforcing material in various mechanical and chemical pulps. The physical and optical properties of the pulps indicated that only the “outer part pulp”, with rather similar properties to those of a reference softwood kraft pulp, seemed suitable for this purpose. In contrast, materials from first-thinning stem wood and its inner part resulted in lower yields as early as the kraft pulping stage. Rather mediocre strength properties were obtained, but the bleached kraft pulps prepared from the two first thinning-based materials had good optical properties.

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FERDOUS, TASLIMA, M. A. QUAIYYUM, KAZI M. YASIN ARAFAT, and M. SARWAR JAHAN. "Characterization of chia plant (Salvia hispanica) for pulping." October 2020 19, no. 10 (November 1, 2020): 511–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj19.10.511.

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In this paper, chia plant was characterized in terms of chemical, morphological, and anatomical properties. Chia plant was characterized with low α-cellulose (30.5%); moderate lignin (23.2%) with syringyl to guaiacyl ratio of 1.41; and shorter fiber length (0.67 mm) with thinner cell wall (1.91 μm) and good flexibility coefficient (71.44). Anatomical features showed that chia plant consists of vessels, fibers, parenchyma cells, and collenchyma cells. Chia plant pulping was evaluated in soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) and formic acid/peroxyformic acid (FA/PFA) processes. Chia plant was difficult to delignify in the alkaline process. The FA/PFA process produced higher pulp yield at the same kappa number than the soda-AQ process. Unbleached soda-AQ chia pulp exhibited good proper-ties in terms of tensile, bursting, and tearing strengths, even at the unrefined stage, due to high drainability of the pulps. Alkaline peroxide bleached FA/PFA pulp exhibited better papermaking properties and 2% higher brightness than the D0(EP)D1 bleached soda-AQ pulp.

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Hu, Song, Jigeng Li, Mengna Hong, and Yi Man. "ANALYSIS OF ENERGY SAVING AND EMISSION REDUCTION OF SECONDARY FIBER MILL BASED ON DATA MINING." Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 29, no. 2 (May 13, 2021): 85–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2021.14219.

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Waste paper recycling is an important way to realize the environmental protection development of the papermaking industry. The quality of the pulp will affect the pulp sales of the secondary fiber paper mills. The waste paper pulp can be adjusted by controlling the pulping process working conditions, but the working conditions of the waste paper pulping process have too many parameters. And the parameters are coupled with each other, it is difficult to control. In order to find the best working conditions and improve the quality of the pulp, this study uses the association rules algorithm to optimize the parameters for the waste paper pulping process. These parameters are power of refiner, waste paper concentration of refiner, the volume of slurry that enters deinked process, deinking agent amount, deinking time, deinking temperature, bleaching agent amount, bleaching time, and bleaching temperature. The test results show that the qualified rate of the pulp produced under the improved working conditions is 92.56%, an increase of 6.93%, and the average electricity consumption per ton of pulp is reduced by 5.76 kWh/t. In addition to potential economic benefits, this method can reduce carbon emissions.

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Yawalata, D., and L. Paszner. "Anionic effect in high concentration alcohol organosolv pulping." Holzforschung 58, no. 1 (February 5, 2004): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2004.001.

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Abstract Anionic effects are demonstrated with Mg-salts and free acids in high alcohol content organosolv pulping. Not all catalysts examined could effectively liberate the fibers from the wood matrix. The best result was obtained with the 0.025 M MgCl2 catalysis system, at which nearly 60% screened pulp, with viscosity of 19.9 cPs., can be produced. Mg(NO3)2 was found capable of liberating fibers, however, under the conditions set for the experiment, complete fiber liberation was not achieved. In contrast, MgSO4 and Mg(CH3COO)2 were incapable of fiber liberation in themselves. On the other hand, in acid form, HCl and H2SO4 were capable of liberating the fibers, whereas HNO3 and CH3COOH catalysts were found ineffective. Especially with H2SO4, it should be noted that this catalysis system created a very strong hydrolyzing effect that unselectively destroyed both lignin and carbohydrates, resulting in severely damaged pulp which is useless for papermaking purposes. Therefore, choosing a suitable catalyst is the key factor for producing an organosolv pulp at high yield and with good fiber quality.

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Bergelin, Eija, Tao Song, and Bjarne Holmbom. "Co-deposition of wood resin components and betulinol in kraft pulping and papermaking." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 24, no. 4 (December 1, 2009): 428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2009-24-04-p428-432.

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Sansígolo, Cláudio Angeli, and Éder da Silva Ramos. "Quality of wood and pulp from a clone of Eucalyptus grandis planted at three locations." CERNE 17, no. 1 (March 2011): 47–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-77602011000100006.

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Eucalyptus grandis is one of the most popular species to use as raw material for pulp production in Brazil, as it provides excellent pulping, bleaching and papermaking results. The main objective of this study is to examine the quality of wood and pulp from a clone of Eucalyptus grandis, at age 4 years approximately, planted in three different soils, two of which being low fertility and one being a superior fertility soil, and their reflections on wood quality and pulping results. Chemical analyses of the soils followed guidelines developed by Raij et al. (2001), while physical and chemical properties of the wood followed ABTCP, TAPPI and ABNT standards. Chemical analyses of the soils pointed to lower fertility in Fazenda Limeira and Fazenda Tapera Queimada as opposed to higher fertility in Fazenda Mendes União. Results revealed stronger tendencies for the stand grown in the less fertile soils (Fazenda Limeira and Fazenda Tapera Queimada) in comparison to the stand grown in more fertile soil (Fazenda Mendes União) as to: higher wood and bark basic density, lower height and dry matter content, higher bark content, lower extractives content and higher holocellulose content, higher total and screened yields from pulping, lower specific wood consumption/t of pulp, and higher tear and tensile indices at low refining levels.

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Masrol, S. R., Mohd Halim Irwan Ibrahim, Sharmiza Adnan, Muhammad Safiuddin Syah Amir Shah, N. M. Main, Esa Faizal, and M. H. Othman. "Soda Anthraquinone Pulping of Oil Palm Male Flower Spikes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 373–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.373.

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This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). The evaluation of the pulping process was studied based on the chemical Soda Anthraquinone pulping process. 60 gsm papersheet of oil palm male flower spikes were prepared from unbeaten and unbleached OPMFS Soda-AQ pulp. All optical, physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. OPMFS pulp recorded value of 6.42 s, 353 ml, 76.5 %, 36.7 % and 9.35 for drainage time, freeness, moisture content, screened yield percentage and Kappa number respectively. OPMFS paper sheet recorded value of 56.99 g/m2, 131.11 µm and 0.43 g/m3 for grammage, bulking thickness and apparent bulk density respectively. Unbleached OPMFS paper also recorded 26.49 % and 43.50 % for brightness and opacity. For mechanical characteristics, OPMFS paper recorded 39.10 N.m/g, 8.32 mN.m2/g, 3.15 kPa.m2/g and 38.50 for tensile index, tear index, burst index and folding endurance (no.) respectively. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of oil palm male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking.

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42

Anupam, Kumar, Priti Shivhare Lal, Vimlesh Bist, Arvind Kumar Sharma, and Vinay Swaroop. "Raw material selection for pulping and papermaking using TOPSIS multiple criteria decision making design." Environmental Progress & Sustainable Energy 33, no. 3 (September 2, 2013): 1034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ep.11851.

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43

Marrakchi, Z., R. Khiari, H. Oueslati, E. Mauret, and F. Mhenni. "Pulping and papermaking properties of Tunisian Alfa stems (Stipa tenacissima)—Effects of refining process." Industrial Crops and Products 34, no. 3 (November 2011): 1572–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.05.022.

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44

Moral, Ana, Roberto Aguado, Pere Mutjé, and Antonio Tijero. "Papermaking potential of Citrus sinensis trimmings using organosolv pulping, chlorine-free bleaching and refining." Journal of Cleaner Production 112 (January 2016): 980–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.09.008.

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45

Jahan, M. Sarwar, Jannatun Nayeem M. Mostafizur Rahman, Marium Islam, and M. A. Quaiyyum. "Chemical characteristics of ribbon retted jute and its effect on pulping and papermaking properties." Industrial Crops and Products 84 (June 2016): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.01.054.

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46

Kämppi, Riikka, Hanna Hörhammer, Anja Leponiemi, and Adriaan van Heiningen. "Pre-extraction and PSAQ pulping of Siberian larch." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 25, no. 2 (May 1, 2010): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3183/npprj-2010-25-02-p243-248.

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Abstract The aim of this study was to find conditions under which it is possible to produce hemicelluloses-rich extract from Siberian larch in addition to pre-extracted pulp with a yield comparable to normal kraft pulp. The study was conducted in order to determine proof of concept of a process utilizing Siberian larch for production of papermaking pulp and biochemically obtained value-added products, i.e. biofuels or lactic acid. By pre-extraction at 160 ºC for 60 minutes approximately 17% of the wood material could be dissolved. At kappa number 30, the pre-extracted kraft pulp gave 5% lower total yield than a conventional kraft pulp. Addition of 4% polysulfide (PS) and 0.1% anthraquinone (AQ) on wood increased the pre-extracted kraft pulp yield nearly to the same level as that of regular kraft pulp. Pre-extraction at 160 ºC for 60 minutes allowed reduction of EA charge by 3% on wood and Hfactor by 300-450. The viscosity of the pre-extracted PSAQ kraft pulps was higher than that of conventional larch kraft pulps and had a somewhat inferior strength and optical properties. The results indicate that under optimized conditions it is possible to produce preextracted PSAQ larch pulp without significant losses in pulp yield and quality, and in addition generate a new feed stock of carbohydrates for further utilization for value-added products.

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RUNGE, TROY, and CHUNHUI ZHANG. "Hemicellulose extraction and its effect on pulping and bleaching." October 2013 12, no. 10 (November 1, 2013): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.32964/tj12.10.45.

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A potential biorefinery is envisioned to use the hemicellulose portion of biomass to create transportation fuels or chemicals and the cellulose portion for fiber to be used in papermaking. To understand the effect on hemicellulose removal to pulpability and bleachability, a liquid hot water extraction was performed on two types of biomass with high hemicellulose content: poplar and miscanthus. The resulting materials were pulped using either a soda anthraquinone or kraft process. The pulps were then oxygen delignified and bleached with an elemental chlorine free sequence. The results demonstrate that a significant portion of hemicellulose can be extracted using liquid hot water extraction conditions of 170°C, 60 min, and a 6:1 ratio, with minimal glucan degradation. These low hemicellulose-content pulps delignified similarly to the control pulp, but had lower oxidative demand because of the absence of hemicellulose degradation products. Oxygen delignification of the low hemicellulose-content pulps was enhanced, but so was cellulose degradation. The delignification gains resulted in higher brightness ceilings for the pulps when a D(EP)D sequence was used. Measured fiber morphology did not change significantly from extracting the hemicellulose. Overall, hemicellulose extraction before pulping improved the efficiency of pulping and bleaching materials to a high brightness, but increased cellulose degradation.

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Fernandez, M. P., C. Breuil, and P. A. Watson. "Natural clonal variation of wood extractives in Populus tremuloides." Canadian Journal of Forest Research 32, no. 7 (July 1, 2002): 1192–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x02-048.

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Analysis of the potential genetic variation in quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.) wood extractives was performed by sampling nine natural clones at breast height. Significant clonal differences were found not only in the levels of total acetone extractives but also in the levels of sterolstriterpenes, steryl esterswaxes, and triglycerides, all of which are known to contribute to pitch formation in pulping and papermaking. In addition, extractive compounds known to elicit toxic effects in aquatic organisms showed statistically significant differences between natural aspen clones. In some cases (e.g., flavonoids), these compounds formed a part of the defense system in the living tree and, thus, were affected in part by the presence of decayed wood.

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Kobayashi, Yoshinari. "Recent worldwide trends of R & D on pulping and papermaking of nonwood plant fibers." JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL 43, no. 6 (1989): 535–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2524/jtappij.43.535.

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Sharma, Nidhi, R. D. Godiyal, Bhawana, B. P. Thapliyal, and Kumar Anupam. "Pulping and Bleaching of Hydro Distillation Waste of Citronella Grass (Cymbopogon winterianus Jowitt) for Papermaking." Waste and Biomass Valorization 9, no. 3 (January 4, 2017): 409–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12649-016-9791-y.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulping. Papermaking'

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