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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulsating heat pipes'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 20 June 2025

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1

Rajib, Uddin Rony, Nahid Hasan Md, and Ashiqur Rahman Laskar Md. "Heat Transfer of Pulsating Turbulent Flow in Pipes." European Journal of Advances in Engineering and Technology 5, no. 8 (2018): 511–16. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10715890.

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<strong>ABSTRACT</strong> Pulsating flow has a significant impact on heat and mass transfer in sterling engines, electronic cooling, nuclear reactors, gas turbines, and arterial blood flow. Flow characteristics of pulsating flows in different channels have received extensive attention in recent years. The effects of the pulsation amplitude and frequency, the Prandtl number and Reynolds number on heat transfer are characterized by variation in temperature, heat flux, and Nusselt number. In this study, pulsating turbulent flow in a pipe is analyzed using a transient ANSYS CFX simulation. The results are plotted against time and discussed considering different flow conditions such as pulsating frequency, amplitude, Reynolds number and Prandtl number to analyze the effect on heat transfer.

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2

Vashchyshak, I. R., and Ye R. Dotsenko. "DESIGN OF THE RECUPERATOR ON PULSATING HEAT PIPES FOR OBJECTS OF THE OIL AND GAS COMPLEX." Scientific Bulletin of Ivano-Frankivsk National Technical University of Oil and Gas, no. 2(45) (December 12, 2018): 16–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9965-2018-2(45)-16-23.

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The urgency of work is due to the expediency of ventilation systems development for structures and buildings with highly reliable energy-efficient recuperators. The ventilation systems of buildings and designs of air recuperators were analyzed and it wass determined that the optimum variant for a ventilation system of a private house would be a recuperator on heat pipes. The disadvantages of wick heat pipes were presented. The structure and principle of pulsating heat pipes were considered. The recuperator operation principle of pulsating heat pipes was given. A coolant was selected for the recuperator capillary vessel. The heat exchanger characteristics were calculated for pulsating heat pipes. The house ventilation system with the recuperator on the pulsating heat pipes was designed.

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3

Guo, Guanming, Masaya Kamigaki, Yuuya Inoue, et al. "Experimental Study and Conjugate Heat Transfer Simulation of Pulsating Flow in Straight and 90° Curved Square Pipes." Energies 14, no. 13 (2021): 3953. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14133953.

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The turbulent pulsating flow and heat transfer in straight and 90° curved square pipes are investigated in this study. Both experimental temperature field measurements at the cross-sections of the pipes and conjugate heat transfer (CHT) simulation were performed. The steady turbulent flow was investigated and compared to the pulsating flow under the same time-averaged Reynolds number. The time-averaged Reynolds number of the pulsating flow, as well as the steady flow, was approximately 60,000. The Womersley number of the pulsating flow was 43.1, corresponding to a 30 Hz pulsating frequency. Meanwhile, the Dean number in the curved pipe was approximately 31,000. The results showed that the local heat flux of the pulsating flow was greater than that of the steady flow when the location was closer to the upstream pulsation generator. However, the total heat flux of the pulsating flow was less than that of the steady flow. Moreover, the instantaneous velocity and temperature fields of the simulation were used to demonstrate the heat transfer mechanism of the pulsating flow. The behaviors, such as the obvious separation between the air and pipe wall, the low-temperature core impingement, and the reverse flow, suppress the heat transfer.

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4

Fang, Shiqiang, Chong Zhou, Ye Zhu, Zhong Qian, and Cheng Wang. "Review on Research Progress of Pulsating Heat Pipes." Inventions 9, no. 4 (2024): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inventions9040086.

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Since their invention by Akachi in 1990s, pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) have attracted widespread interest and application in practice, e.g., grinding, chip cooling, the thermal management of batteries, etc., owing to their notable efficiency in heat transfer and their simplicity and flexibility in structure. Key factors influencing the heat transfer efficacy of pulsating heat pipes are mainly attributed to the thermophysical properties of the working fluid, the structural parameters, and the operating conditions. Research on pulsating heat pipes is conducted through theoretical investigations, numerical simulations, and visual experiments. In this paper, the research on PHPs in recent decades is reviewed with the consideration of the heat transfer performance mechanism and application of pulsating heat pipes, especially research under operation conditions such as with “status with motion” and with “inconsistent heat flux”.

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5

Mu, Haofan, and Weixiu Shi. "Review of Operation Performance and Application Status of Pulsating Heat Pipe." Sustainability 16, no. 7 (2024): 2722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16072722.

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Due to the rapid development of science and technology in today’s era, electronic equipment is constantly upgrading. Today, the developmental trend of electronic equipment is miniaturization, portability and multi-functionality. However, multi-functionality often means multi-components, so it is undoubtedly a great test of heat dissipation ability to accommodate more components in a smaller volume. Without sufficient heat dissipation capacity, a large number of components will stop working or even be damaged because of the heat generated during operation. As a new passive cooling and heat exchange technology, pulsating heat pipes have many advantages, such as having no external energy input, a simple structure, changeable installation forms and low installation requirements. They have shown great potential in the field of thermal management, and have attracted a lot of scholars’ attention since they were put forward. Because of their operational stability and heat exchange ability in high heat flux environments, they are the best choice for cooling electronic equipment at present. If they can be fully studied and utilized, pulsating heat pipes can not only reduce the consumption of heat dissipation resources but also reuse heat energy to realize the sustainable utilization of resources. This paper briefly introduces the demand background and structural principle of pulsating heat pipes, and summarizes the research on the parameters of pulsating heat pipes and the application status of pulsating heat pipes. The parameters involve working fluid type, pipe diameter, elbow number, liquid filling rate, inclination angle, etc. After classifying the parameters that affect the operation results of pulsating heat pipes, this paper summarizes the research at this stage, and points out the lack of research fields, such as heat flux density, and new application fields of unconventional gravity environment by combining the literature content with the current scientific and technological development trends and experimental parameters, such as thermodynamics.

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6

Pfotenhauer, J. M., L. D. Fonseca, C. Xu, and F. K. Miller. "Characterizing Helium Pulsating Heat Pipes." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 502 (April 15, 2019): 012058. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/502/1/012058.

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7

Charoensawan, Piyanun, Sameer Khandekar, Manfred Groll, and Pradit Terdtoon. "Closed loop pulsating heat pipes." Applied Thermal Engineering 23, no. 16 (2003): 2009–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1359-4311(03)00159-5.

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8

Plotnikov, L. V., L. E. Osipov, N. I. Grigoriev, D. A. Ponomarev, and O. A. Plotnikov. "Gas dynamics and heat transfer of stationary and pulsating air flows in round and triangular straight pipelines at different turbulence degrees." Power engineering: research, equipment, technology 27, no. 1 (2025): 88–102. https://doi.org/10.30724/1998-9903-2025-27-1-88-102.

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RELEVANCE of the study is determined by the fact that non-stationary gas-dynamic phenomena in pipelines of complex configuration are widespread in heat exchange and power equipment. Therefore, the study of the level of heat transfer of pulsating air flows in round and triangular pipes with different degrees of turbulence is an urgent and significant task for the development of science and technology. THE PURPOSE. The influence of gas-dynamic nonstationarity (flow pulsations) on the degree of turbulence and the intensity of heat transfer of air flows in straight pipes with different cross-sectional shapes had to be assessed.METHODS. The studies were conducted on a laboratory bench based on the thermal anemometry method and an automated system for collecting and processing experimental data. Rectilinear round and triangular pipes with identical cross-sectional areas were used in the work. Flow pulsations from 3 to 15.8 Hz were generated by means of a rotating damper. The degree of turbulence of pulsating flows varied from 0.03 to 0.15 by installing stationary flat turbulators. The working environment was air with a temperature of 22-24 оC moving at a speed of 5 to 75 m/s.RESULTS. Experimental data on instantaneous values of velocity and local heat transfer coefficient of stationary and pulsating air flows with different levels of turbulence in straight pipes with different cross-sectional shapes were obtained. CONCLUSION. It has been established that the presence of gas-dynamic non-stationarity leads to an increase in the degree of turbulence by 47-72% in a round pipe and by 36-86% in a triangular pipe. The presence of gas-dynamic non-stationarity causes an intensification of heat transfer in a round pipe by 2635.5% and by 24-36% in a triangular pipe. It has been shown that a significant increase in the degree of turbulence leads to an increase in the heat transfer coefficient of pulsating flows in a round pipe by 11-16% and, conversely, a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient by 7-24% in a triangular pipe. The obtained results can be used in the design of heat exchangers and gas exchange systems in power machines, as well as in the creation of pulsed action devices and apparatus.

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9

Aprianingsih, Nurhalimah, Adi Winarta, Bambang Ariantara, and Nandy Putra. "Thermal performance of Pulsating Heat Pipe on Electric Motor as Cooling Application." E3S Web of Conferences 67 (2018): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186703035.

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Heat generated in an electric motor can increase the operating temperature. The excessive operating temperature will reduce the electric motor performance and shorten the service life. An appropriate thermal management system is required to reduce the electric motor operating temperature. The objective of this study is to determine the thermal performance of pulsating heat pipes which applied to the electric motor thermal management system. A prototype of electric motor thermal management system was made from an induction motor with a cartridge heater instead of a heat-generating rotor and stator. Six pieces of pulsating heat pipe were mounted using hexagonal heat pipe holder which placed inside the electric motor housing. The pulsating heat pipes are made of a copper capillary tube using acetone as working fluid with a filling ratio of 0.5. The electric power input was varied from 30 W to 150 W. The use of pulsating heat pipes can reduce the electric motor surface temperature by 55.3°C with the minimum thermal resistance of 0.151°C/W.

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10

Song, Yanxi, and Jinliang Xu. "Chaotic behavior of pulsating heat pipes." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 52, no. 13-14 (2009): 2932–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2009.02.030.

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11

Bhagwat, Adhikari, and Sanjeev Maharjan Dr. "Numerical Simulation of Helically Coiled Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe." International Journal of Engineering and Management Research 9, no. 2 (2019): 206–12. https://doi.org/10.31033/ijemr.9.2.26.

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This paper addresses the numerical simulation of helically coiled closed loop pulsating heat pipe which is carried in ANSYS Fluent. The values of thermal resistance for constant heat fluxes vs. transient heat fluxes are analyzed. Phase change visualization after the end of simulation is carried out to observe the phenomenon in liquid at its saturation temperature and pressure. Finally, helical heat pipes are found to have thermal resistance less by 2.7K/W, 0.56 K/W, and 0.227 K/W for 8W, 40W and 80W heat inputs than circular pipes. Helical heat pipes are found more efficient than circular heat pipes.

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12

Liu, Jianhong, Dong Liu, Fumin Shang, Kai Yang, Chaofan Zheng, and Xin Cao. "Experimental Study of Thermal Performance of Pulsating-Heat-Pipe Heat Exchanger with Asymmetric Structure at Different Filling Rates." Energies 17, no. 15 (2024): 3725. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17153725.

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Pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) are widely used in the heat dissipation of electronic components, waste heat recovery, solar energy utilization, etc., relying on the pulsating flow of the work material in the pipe and the heat transfer by phase change, and they have the advantages of high heat-transfer efficiency, simple structure, and low cost. In this paper, an experimental method is used to adjust the length of local pipes in the PHP structure, so that the PHP forms a high- and low-staggered asymmetric structure, and to study the effects of different liquid charging rates and heat-source temperatures on the vibration, startup, and operation of the PHP in the asymmetric structure. We found the following: it is difficult to start up and operate the workpiece at 10%, 68%, and 80% liquid charging rates; the effect of the oscillating impact is worse; the temperature difference between the evaporation section of the pulsating heat pipe and condensation section is larger; and the temperature difference between the evaporation section and condensation section is larger. The temperature difference between the evaporation section and condensation section of the pulsating heat pipe is large, the temperature difference is between 10~25 °C, and it is difficult to achieve a small temperature difference in heat transfer. When the liquid charging rate is 30% and 50%, the pulsating heat pipe oscillates better; the pulsation frequency is relatively high; and the temperature difference between the end of the cold and hot sections is small, the temperature difference is between 3 and 7 °C, and the performance of heat transfer is better. However, when the liquid charging rate is 30% and the heat source is 70 °C, the thermal resistance is increased to 0.016 K/W, and the equivalent thermal conductivity is reduced. When the performance of heat transfer is changed to 0.016 K/W and the equivalent thermal conductivity is reduced, the coefficient decreases, and the heat-transfer performance becomes weaker.

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13

Krambeck, L., K. G. Domiciano, L. A. Betancur-Arboleda, and M. B. H. Mantelli. "FLAT PLATE PULSATING HEAT PIPES WITH DIFFERENT CHANNEL GEOMETRIES FOR HIGH HEAT FLUX APPLICATIONS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 20, no. 1 (2021): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v20i1.80440.

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The thermal performance of flat plate pulsating heat pipes with differentchannel geometries was performed in this experimental work. The testswere accomplished with two channel profiles, round and grooved. One ofthe channel geometries, located on the evaporator, can be considered novel,consisting of a round channel with two lateral grooves. Diffusion bondingtechnology was used to manufacture the PHPs made of two copper flatplates. Distilled water was used as the working fluid with a filling ratio of50% (17.9 ml) of the total volume. The pulsating heat pipes were tested atone position (vertical) under heat loads from 20 up to 2000 W. Theexperimental results showed that both flat plate pulsating heat pipesoperates successfully for high heat fluxes. The lateral grooves reduced thethermal resistance, being principally efficient in lower loads. Besides that,the novel channel considerably anticipated the operation startup. Therefore,a much better performance was obtained by the grooved channel PHP,which was constructed from a simple, low cost modification of thefabrication process.

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14

Gu, Junjie, Masahiro Kawaji, and Ryosuke Futamata. "Microgravity performance of micro pulsating heat pipes." Microgravity - Science and Technology 16, no. 1-4 (2005): 181–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02945972.

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15

Gonzalez, Miguel, Brian Kelly, Yoshikazu Hayashi, and Yoon Jo Kim. "Heat transfer mechanisms in pulsating heat-pipes with nanofluid." Applied Physics Letters 106, no. 1 (2015): 013906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4905554.

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16

Liu, Dong, Jianhong Liu, Kai Yang, Fumin Shang, Chaofan Zheng, and Xin Cao. "Evaluation of the Heat Transfer Performance of a Device Utilizing an Asymmetric Pulsating Heat Pipe Structure Based on Global and Local Analysis." Energies 17, no. 22 (2024): 5588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17225588.

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PHPs (pulsating heat pipes) are widely used as an efficient heat transfer element in equipment thermal management and waste heat recovery due to their flexibility. The purpose of this study was to design a heat transfer device that utilizes an asymmetric pulsating heat pipe structure by adjusting the lengths of selected pipes within the entire circulation pipeline. In the experiment, a constant temperature water bath was used as the heat source, with heat dissipated in the condensing section via natural convection. An infrared thermal imager was used to record the temperature of the condensing section, and the local wall temperature distribution was measured in different channels of the condensing section. Based on an in-depth analysis of the wavelet frequency, the following research conclusions are drawn: Firstly, as the heat source temperature increases, the start-up time of the pulsating heat pipe is shortened, the operating state changes from start–stop–start to stable and continuous oscillation, and the oscillation mode changes from high amplitude and low frequency to low amplitude and high frequency. These changes are especially pronounced when the heat source temperature is 80 °C, which is when the thermal resistance reaches its lowest value of 0.0074 K/W, and the equivalent thermal conductivity reaches its highest value of 666.29 W/(m·K). Secondly, the flow and oscillation of the working fluid can be effectively promoted by appropriately shortening the length of the condensing section of the pulsating heat pipes or the heat transfer distance between the evaporation and condensing sections. Third, under a low-temperature heat source, the oscillation frequency of each channel of a pulsating heat pipe is found to be low based on wavelet analysis. However, as the heat source temperature increases, the energy content of the temperature signal of the working fluid in each channel changes from a low- to a high-frequency value, gradually converging to the same characteristic frequency. At this point, the working fluid in the pipes no longer flows randomly in multiple directions but rather in a single direction. Finally, we determined that the maximum oscillation frequency of working fluid in a PHP is around 0.7 HZ when using the water bath heating method.

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17

Kossel, L., J. Pfotenhauer, and F. Miller. "The design of an extended length helium pulsating heat pipe experiment." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1240, no. 1 (2022): 012075. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1240/1/012075.

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Abstract Pulsating heat pipes, also known as PHPs, are passive two-phase heat transfer devices capable of moving heat at cryogenic temperatures with high effective thermal conductivities around two orders of magnitude higher than copper. A recent Helium Pulsating Heat Pipe experiment demonstrated a surprising phenomenon, where Helium PHPs of different lengths (300 mm and 1000 mm) displayed the same thermal conductance at equal heat loads. The purpose of this research is to experimentally characterize this apparent length-independence and determine the size limits for Helium PHPs. An experimental approach is developed where three additional Helium PHP experiments will be conducted with the same operating parameters as the original experiment except with extended adiabatic lengths – 1.25 m, 1.5 m, and 1.75 m. All PHPs considered in this study are in the vertical orientation and are bottom-heated. This will give five complete sets of data from which the influence of length on helium pulsating heat pipes’ performance may be analysed. This paper serves as a work-in-progress report describing the experimental design and fabrication of these Helium PHP experiments.

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18

Alqahtani, Ali Ahmed, and Volfango Bertola. "Ex Ante Construction of Flow Pattern Maps for Pulsating Heat Pipes." Processes 12, no. 11 (2024): 2585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12112585.

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A novel methodology is proposed for the development of empirical flow pattern maps for pulsating heat pipes (PHPs), which relies on the concept of virtual superficial velocity of the liquid and vapour phases. The virtual superficial velocity of each phase is defined using solely the design and operational parameters of the pulsating heat pipe, allowing the resulting flow pattern map to serve as a predictive instrument. This contrasts with existing flow pattern maps that necessitate direct measurements of temperatures and/or velocities within one or more channels of the pulsating heat pipe. Specifically, the virtual superficial velocities are derived from the relative significance of the driving forces and the resistances encountered by each phase during flow. The proposed methodology is validated using flow visualisation datasets obtained from two separate experimental campaigns conducted on flat-plate polypropylene pulsating heat pipe prototypes featuring transparent walls and meandering channels with three turns, five turns, seven turns, and eleven turns, respectively. The PHP prototypes were tested for gravity levels ranging between 0 g and 1 g and heat inputs ranging from 5 W to 35 W. The proposed approach enables the identification of empirical boundaries for flow pattern transitions as well as the establishment of an empirical criterion for start-up.

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19

Riehl, Roger R. "ADVANCED TWO-PHASE PASSIVE THERMAL CONTROL DEVICES: LOOP HEAT PIPES AND PULSATING HEAT PIPES." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 5, no. 1 (2006): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v5i1.61661.

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This paper presents the development of two-phase passive thermal control devices that can be used at both ground and space applications. These devices operate by acquiring heat through their evaporation section and rejecting through their condensation section, keeping a tight control on the heat source temperature without the presence of moving parts. Recent researches with loop heat pipes (LHPs) have showed the great capability of such a device in managing high levels of heat while keeping the source temperature within certain levels. For this case, experimental tests of a LHP are presented, where the behavior related to its operation with power cycles can be evaluated and its performance can be verified. This paper also presents an investigation of a two-phase thermal control device called pulsating heat pipe (PHP) configured as an open loop. Experimental tests with different working fluids are presented, which shows the great capability of the PHP in operating at both horizontal and vertical orientations and promoting the thermal control, which is highly affected by the working fluid and geometric parameters. The experimental results presented for both devices are intended to contribute for the continuous development of these two passive thermal control devices.

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20

Plotnikov, Leonid, and Leonid Osipov. "The Influence of Gas-Dynamic Non-Stationarity of Air Flow on the Heat Transfer Coefficient in Round and Triangular Straight Pipes with Different Turbulence Intensities." Applied Sciences 14, no. 17 (2024): 7758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14177758.

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Unsteady gas-dynamic phenomena in pipelines of complex configuration are widespread in heat exchange and power equipment. Therefore, studying the heat transfer level of pulsating air flows in round and triangular pipes with different turbulence intensities is a relevant and significant task for the development of science and technology. The studies were conducted on a laboratory stand based on the thermal anemometry method and an automated system for collecting and processing experimental data. Rectilinear round and triangular pipes with identical cross-sectional areas were used in the work. Flow pulsations from 3 to 15.8 Hz were generated by means of a rotating flap. The turbulence intensity (TI) of the pulsating flows varied from 0.03 to 0.15 by installing stationary flat turbulators. The working medium was air with a temperature of 22 ± 1 °C moving at a speed from 5 to 75 m/s. It was established that the presence of gas-dynamic unsteadiness leads to an increase in the TI by 47–72% in a round pipe and by 36–86% in a triangular pipe. The presence of gas-dynamic unsteadiness causes a heat transfer intensification in a round pipe by 26–35.5% and by 24–36% in a triangular pipe. It was shown that a significant increase in the TI of pulsating flows leads to an increase in the heat transfer coefficient by 11–16% in a round pipe and a decrease in the heat transfer coefficient by 7–24% in a triangular pipe. The obtained results can be used in the design of heat exchangers and gas exchange systems in power machines, as well as in the creation of devices and apparatuses of pulse action.

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21

Rouaze, Gautier, Jackson B. Marcinichen, Filippo Cataldo, Philippe Aubin, and John R. Thome. "Simulation and experimental validation of pulsating heat pipes." Applied Thermal Engineering 196 (September 2021): 117271. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117271.

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22

ABE, Yutaro, Koichi ISOMURA, Yuta YOSHIMOTO, Ikuya KINEFUCHI, and Shu TAKAGI. "Flow analysis in pulsating heat pipes with microchannels." Proceedings of Mechanical Engineering Congress, Japan 2016 (2016): J0540201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmemecj.2016.j0540201.

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23

Yang, Kai-Shing, Yu-Chi Cheng, Ming-Shan Jeng, Kuo-Hsiang Chien, and Jin-Cherng Shyu. "An Experimental Investigation of Micro Pulsating Heat Pipes." Micromachines 5, no. 2 (2014): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi5020385.

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24

Zhang, Yuwen, and Amir Faghri. "Advances and Unsolved Issues in Pulsating Heat Pipes." Heat Transfer Engineering 29, no. 1 (2008): 20–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01457630701677114.

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25

HOKAZONO, Toshiyuki, Takao NAGASAKI, and Yutaka ITO. "B231 Wall Temperature Fluctuation of Pulsating Heat Pipes." Proceedings of the Thermal Engineering Conference 2006 (2006): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmeted.2006.269.

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26

Yang, Kai-Shing, Yu-Chi Cheng, Ming-Chung Liu, and Jin-Cherng Shyu. "Micro pulsating heat pipes with alternate microchannel widths." Applied Thermal Engineering 83 (May 2015): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2015.03.020.

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27

Yang, Honghai, S. Khandekar, and M. Groll. "Operational limit of closed loop pulsating heat pipes." Applied Thermal Engineering 28, no. 1 (2008): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2007.01.033.

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28

Krambeck, Larissa, Kelvin Guessi Domiciano, and Marcia Barbosa Henriques Mantelli. "THERMAL PERFORMANCE OF MINI FLAT PLATE HEAT PIPES FOR HIGH-POWER CHIPS." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 23, no. 2 (2024): 03. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v23i2.96852.

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The waste heat generated by the high-power chips increases their operating temperature, reducing their performance and service life. Flat plate two-phase devices are promising cooling solutions for power electronics. Among them, the thermosyphons and pulsating heat pipes, which respectively promote the fluid circulation by gravity and oscillatory motion of liquid slugs and vapor plugs, are interesting devices to be investigated, as both show excellent heat transfer capacities. In the present work, the thermal performance of a mini flat plate thermosyphon is experimentally investigated and compared with that of a pulsating heat pipe, aiming for the thermal management of waste heat produced by miniaturized high-power chips. Both two-phase devices have the same external dimensions (100 x 55 mm2) and were manufactured by diffusion bonding technology. Distilled water was used as the working fluid. Tested in the same conditions, both operated successfully for the gravity-assisted mode; however, the thermosyphon, the lighter device, was able to transfer more heat. In the horizontal position, the pulsating heat pipe showed excellent thermal performance after the startup, working until high heat loads. In general, it was observed that the PHP became independent of gravity action for heat loads above 100 W.

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29

Wu, Qing Ping, Rui Xiang Wang, Ya Jun Li, Rong Ji Xu, and Yan Zhong Li. "Influence of Working Fluid Thermophysical Property on Thermal Performance of Flat-Plate Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 1799–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.1799.

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Pulsating heat pipes are high efficiency heat transfer components having a great potential application in the field of electronic cooling and space applications. In this investigation, an experiment was conducted to study the influence of working fluid thermophysical properties on the thermal performance of flat-plate closed loop pulsating heat pipes (FCLPHP). The analysis of the forces acting on the liquid-vapor mixture shows that the surface tension, viscosity and latent heat of vaporization have important impact on the thermal performance of FCLPHP. The overall thermal resistance decreases with the decrease in surface tension, viscosity and latent heat of vaporization, leading to the heat transfer improvement of FCLPHP. An experimental correlation was developed to describe the relationship among the relative overall thermal resistance and the relative thermophysical properties. With the correlation, a sensitivity analysis was made. The results show that latent heat of vaporization is the prior factor to the all others to impact the thermal performance of FCLPHP.

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30

Shafii, Mohammad B., Amir Faghri, and Yuwen Zhang. "Thermal Modeling of Unlooped and Looped Pulsating Heat Pipes." Journal of Heat Transfer 123, no. 6 (2001): 1159–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1409266.

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Analytical models for both unlooped and looped Pulsating Heat Pipes (PHPs) with multiple liquid slugs and vapor plugs are presented in this study. The governing equations are solved using an explicit finite difference scheme to predict the behavior of vapor plugs and liquid slugs. The results show that the effect of gravity on the performance of top heat mode unlooped PHP is insignificant. The effects of diameter, charge ratio, and heating wall temperature on the performance of looped and unlooped PHPs are also investigated. The results also show that heat transfer in both looped and unlooped PHPs is due mainly to the exchange of sensible heat.

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31

Pagliarini, L., F. Clemens, F. Bozzoli, et al. "Infrared measurements of fluid temperature in a polymeric Pulsating Heat Pipe." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2685, no. 1 (2024): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2685/1/012050.

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Abstract Pulsating heat pipes are two-phase passive heat transfer devices partially filled with a working fluid in saturation conditions. During operation, supplying heat to one end of the system (named evaporator) results in a local increase in temperature and pressure, which drives the fluid through a transport section (named adiabatic section) towards the cooled, opposite end (named condenser) for effective heat dissipation. The local thermo-fluid dynamic state of the working fluid is sometimes assessed by means of non-intrusive techniques, such as infrared thermography. In this case, the radiative properties of the systems in the infrared spectrum must be known a priori. Nevertheless, since pulsating heat pipes may be manufactured with different materials, wall thicknesses and channel geometries, the radiative properties of the walls and the confined flow are not always known or assessable by means of the available literature. Hence, the work proposes to design a straightforward calibration procedure for quantitative infrared fluid temperature measurements in a polymeric pulsating heat pipe charged with FC-72 and having unknown radiative properties. The emissivity and transmissivity of the walls and confined fluid are estimated with good accuracy. The results will allow repeatable and reliable fluid temperature measurements in future experimentations on the mentioned device.

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32

Iwata, Naoko, Fabio Bozzoli, Luca Pagliarini, Luca Cattani, Matteo Malavasi, and Sara Rainieri. "A Novel Approach for Flow Analysis in Pulsating Heat Pipes: Cross-Correlation of Local Heat Flux." Energies 15, no. 22 (2022): 8664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228664.

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Pulsating heat pipe is a promising two-phase heat transfer device that has many advantages such as a simple wickless structure and high thermal performance. Its thermal behavior is inherently time-dependent, and it can also be characterized by substantial spatial variations. However, there are few studies investigating the interaction or similarity of the local physical quantities, such as heat fluxes exchanged between the working fluid and the device wall in adjacent branches. In the present work, a new approach based on the application of cross-correlation analysis to local heat fluxes is proposed to deepen the understanding of the flow characteristics in pulsating heat pipes. The temperature distribution in the condenser of a seven-turn pulsating heat pipe was measured with an infrared camera, changing the power input. The local heat flux distributions were estimated by solving the inverse heat conduction problem in the tube wall. The cross-correlation of the heat fluxes at different positions of central and edge tubes in the condenser was analyzed. The result revealed the different trends in the cross-correlation depending on the power input: there were no clear cross-correlations in 0.5 W, while it was shown more clearly on the diagonal line with increasing power input to 2 W and 3.5 W because of the more activated flow throughout the heat pipe than that of the low power input. Moreover, the results of 3.5 W indicated a synchronized flow. It is suggested that the original approach presented in this work would lead to a deeper understanding of the chaotic fluid oscillation in pulsating heat pipes.

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Winkler, Markus, David Rapp, Andreas Mahlke, et al. "Small-Sized Pulsating Heat Pipes/Oscillating Heat Pipes with Low Thermal Resistance and High Heat Transport Capability." Energies 13, no. 7 (2020): 1736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071736.

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Electronics (particularly power electronics) are the core element in many energy-related applications. Due to the increasing power density of electronic parts, the demands on thermal management solutions have risen considerably. As a novel passive and highly efficient cooling technology, pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) can transfer heat away from critical hotspots. In this work, we present two types of small and compact PHPs with footprints of 50 × 100 mm2, thicknesses of 2 and 2.5 mm and with high fluid channel density, optimized for cooling electronic parts with high power densities. The characterization of these PHPs was carried out with a strong relation to practical applications, revealing excellent thermal properties. The thermal resistance was found to be up to 90% lower than that of a comparable solid copper plate. Thus, a hot part with defined heating power would remain at a much lower temperature level and, for the same heater temperature, a much larger heating power could be applied. Moreover, the dependence of PHP operation and thermal properties on water and air cooling, condenser area size and orientation is examined. Under some test configurations, dryout conditions are observed which could be avoided by choosing an appropriate size for the fluid channels, heater and condenser.

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Ordu, Muhammed, and Oguzhan Der. "Polymeric Materials Selection for Flexible Pulsating Heat Pipe Manufacturing Using a Comparative Hybrid MCDM Approach." Polymers 15, no. 13 (2023): 2933. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15132933.

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The right choice of polymeric materials plays a vital role in the successful design and manufacture of flexible fluidic systems, as well as heat transfer devices such as pulsating heat pipes. The decision to choose an acceptable polymeric material entails a variety of evaluation criteria because there are numerous competing materials available today, each with its own properties, applications, benefits, and drawbacks. In this study, a comparative hybrid multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) model is proposed for evaluating suitable polymeric materials for the fabrication of flexible pulsating heat pipes. The decision model consists of fourteen evaluation criteria and twelve alternative materials. For this purpose, three different hybrid MCDM methods were applied to solve the material selection problems (i.e., AHP-GRA, AHP-CoCoSo, and AHP-VIKOR). According to the results obtained, PTFE, PE, and PP showed promising properties. In addition, Spearman’s rank correlation analysis was performed, and the hybrid methods used produced consistent rankings with each other. By applying MCDM methods, it was concluded that PTFE is the most suitable material to be preferred for manufacturing flexible pulsating heat pipes. In addition to this result, PE and PP are among the best alternatives that can be recommended after PTFE. The study supports the use of MCDM techniques to rank material choices and enhance the selection procedure. The research will greatly assist industrial managers and academics involved in the selection process of polymeric materials.

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Shafii, M. B., A. Faghri, and Yuwen Zhang. "Analysis of heat transfer in unlooped and looped pulsating heat pipes." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 12, no. 5 (2002): 585–609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09615530210434304.

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Abiev, Rufat Sh, and Ritunesh Kumar. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF HEAT TRANSFER IN A MICROCHANNEL HEAT PIPE WITH CIRCULATING TWO-PHASE FLOW." Bulletin of the Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology (Technical University) 55 (2020): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.36807/1998-9849-2020-55-81-62-67.

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In addition to the previously created hydrodynamics model, a mathematical model describing the heat transfer parameters of two-phase flow is constructed. Particular role of longitudinal convection in the heat transport is shown. The experimental studies confirmed a microchannel heat pipe operability with a two-phase flow in a circulating mode. A circulating two-phase Taylor flow in microchannel was considered to be more efficient for overall heat transfer in a heat pipe compared to the pulsating (oscillating) heat pipe. The advantages of circulating two-phase Taylor flow related to the pulsating heat pipes are discussed on the proposed mathematical model basis. The conditions of experimental proof of the proposed mathematical model were elaborated.

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Xiao, Lan, and Yiding Cao. "RECENT ADVANCES IN PULSATING HEAT PIPES AND ITS DERIVATIVES." Journal of Enhanced Heat Transfer 19, no. 3 (2012): 213–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/jenhheattransf.2012001896.

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Dreiling, Robert, Sascha Zimmermann, Thinh Nguyen-Xuan, Peter Schreivogel, and Francesca di Mare. "Thermal resistance modeling of flat plate pulsating heat pipes." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 189 (June 2022): 122668. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2022.122668.

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Qu, Jian, and HuiYing Wu. "Flow visualization of silicon-based micro pulsating heat pipes." Science China Technological Sciences 53, no. 4 (2010): 984–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11431-009-0391-y.

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Yang, Xin-She, Mehmet Karamanoglu, Tao Luan, and Slawomir Koziel. "Mathematical modelling and parameter optimization of pulsating heat pipes." Journal of Computational Science 5, no. 2 (2014): 119–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jocs.2013.12.003.

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Fonseca, Luis Diego, Mason Mok, John Pfotenhauer, and Franklin Miller. "Progress of cryogenic pulsating heat pipes at UW-Madison." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 278 (December 2017): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/278/1/012052.

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Wu, Qingping, Rongji Xu, Ruixiang Wang, and Yanzhong Li. "The Influence of Pipe Types on The Thermal Performance of Flat-plat Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe." E3S Web of Conferences 194 (2020): 01014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202019401014.

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Flat-plat pulsating heat pipes (FCLPHPs) have a great potentiality in electronic cooling field and space application. In this investigation, three FCLPHPs (L1, L2, and L3) were built to study the influence of cross section shapes on the heat transfer performance of FCLPHP. One (L1) of them has asymmetric pipe, the others (L2, L3) have symmetric pipes. The results indicate that the FCLPHP L1 has the best heat transfer performance. Compared with the FCLPHPs L2 and L3, the start-up time reduces by 64% and the thermal resistance reduces by at most half respectively.

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Betancur Arboleda, Luis Alonso, Larissa Krambeck, Kelvin Guessi Domiciano, Guilherme Zonta, and Marcia Barbosa Henriques Mantelli. "FLAT PLATE PULSATING HEAT PIPE FOR ELECTRONICS COOLING." Revista de Engenharia Térmica 23, no. 1 (2024): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5380/reterm.v23i1.96843.

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Pulsating heat pipes are simple passive devices with excellent heat transfer capabilities, presenting low thermal resistance. Its thermal performance is mainly influenced by the thermophysical properties and volume of the working fluid. In this context, the impact of ethanol on the thermal performance of a diffusion-bonded flat plate pulsating heat pipe, composed of round channels with lateral grooves in the evaporator, is experimentally studied in this research. The experimental results of the pulsating heat pipe are compared with a previous study using distilled water. The grooved flat plate pulsating heat pipe is specially designed for cooling large-scale electronics (208x150x4.4 mm3), including those for space applications. Its thermal behavior is investigated in three different orientations: gravity-assisted, horizontal and against-gravity. The device with ethanol works satisfactorily in all tested positions. The most notable impact of the ethanol was in the thermal enhancement of the PHP operating in the against-gravity orientation, reducing the thermal resistance and the evaporator temperature by 10 °C. Besides, ethanol promotes early startup in the horizontal and against-gravity positions. This research extends the operating range of the pulsating heat pipe for cooling large-scale electronics, enabling the device for future microgravity tests aboard a sounding rocket.

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En, Jianfeng, Ziyao Ma, Siran Jia, Jie Mu, and Zhenbang Gao. "Numerical analysis of heat transfer enhancement in pulsating flow pipes." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2133, no. 1 (2021): 012034. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2133/1/012034.

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Abstract In this paper, a rectangular flow runner is used as the research object to study the influence of adding a spoiler on the wall of the flow runner on its heat transfer characteristics and flow characteristics. Using the finite element method to analyse the influence of different spoiler’s structures and parameters of the spoilers on the heat transfer characteristics and flow characteristics of the flow runner, the study found that: by the comparison of the smooth flow runner and the rectangular spoiler flow runner, the comprehensive heat exchange effect of the spoiler runner is the best when the arc is arranged in the flow runner, and the accumulation effect of impurities in the runner is the slowest.

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J., Venkata Suresh, Bhramara P., and Nagasri K. "Effect of Pure and Binary Fluids on Thermal Performance of Closed Loop Pulsating Heat Pipe." International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology (IJEAT) 9, no. 3 (2020): 1761–21. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.C5612.029320.

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Pulsating heat pipe is the raising methodology of cooling systems in many areas. CLPHP is a passive mode of phase change heat transfer device having potential to transfer heat from source to sink in less span. Heat transfer performance of this method is improving day by day as giving less thermal resistance. Number of experimentations are conducting to increase the efficiency of pulsating heat pipes in many aspects i.e. varying lengths, working fluids, number of turns, different fill ratios, heat inputs and orientation. As taking part of these research a five turn closed loop pulsating heat pipe (of tube inner diameter 2mm, outer diameter 3mm; adiabatic section length 170mm, condensation section length is50mm, evaporation section length is 42mm) working with pure and binary fluids (water-acetone, water-ethanol) compared with water, Acetone, Ethanol with heat inputs 20w, 40w, 60w, 80w, and fill ratio 50%, also the orientations are horizontal and vertical. The analysis from the results obtained was the thermal resistance of all working fluids is drastically diminishing from 20w to 40w heat input and slowly from 40w to 80w.

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Jung, Chuljae, and Sung Jin Kim. "Effects of oscillation amplitudes on heat transfer mechanisms of pulsating heat pipes." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 165 (February 2021): 120642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2020.120642.

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Lips, Stéphane, Ahlem Bensalem, Yves Bertin, Vincent Ayel, Cyril Romestant, and Jocelyn Bonjour. "Experimental evidences of distinct heat transfer regimes in pulsating heat pipes (PHP)." Applied Thermal Engineering 30, no. 8-9 (2010): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2009.12.020.

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Pagliarini, Luca, and Fabio Bozzoli. "Are Local Heat Transfer Quantities Useful for Predicting the Working Behavior of Different Pulsating Heat Pipe Layouts? A Comparative Study." Fluids 9, no. 5 (2024): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fluids9050107.

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Despite a continuous effort devoted by the scientific community, a large-scale employment of Pulsating Heat Pipes for thermal management applications is still nowadays undermined by the low reliability of such heat transfer systems. The main reason underlying this critical issue is linked to the strongly chaotic thermofluidic behavior of these devices, which prevents a robust prediction of their working behavior for different geometries and operating conditions, consequently hampering proper industrial design. The present work proposes to thoroughly compare data referring to previous infrared investigations on different Pulsating Heat Pipe layouts, which have focused on the estimation of heat fluxes locally exchanged at the wall–fluid interfaces. The aim is to understand the beneficial contribution of local heat transfer quantities in the prediction of the complex physics underlying such heat transfer systems. The results have highlighted that, regardless of the considered geometry and working conditions, wall-to-fluid heat fluxes are able to provide useful quantities to be employed, to some extent, to generalize Pulsating Heat Pipe operation and to improve their existing numerical models.

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Mameli, Mauro, Giorgio Besagni, Pradeep K. Bansal, and Christos N. Markides. "Innovations in pulsating heat pipes: From origins to future perspectives." Applied Thermal Engineering 203 (February 2022): 117921. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2021.117921.

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YAMAGAMI, Shigemasa, Koichi INOUE, and Sadami YOSHIYAMA. "Thermo-fluid dynamics of pulsating heat pipes for LED lightings." Mechanical Engineering Journal 3, no. 6 (2016): 16–00160. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/mej.16-00160.

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