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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulse mode deposition'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Tumarkin, Alexander V., Dobrynya V. Kolodko, Maksim M. Kharkov, et al. "Preparation of Alumina Thin Films by Reactive Modulated Pulsed Power Magnetron Sputtering with Millisecond Pulses." Coatings 14, no. 1 (2024): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010082.

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Thispaper aims to investigate the quality of thin alumina films deposited on glass samples using magnetron sputtering in the reactive modulated pulsed power mode (MPPMS) and evaluate the process productivity. The aluminum target was sputtered in Ar/O2 gas mixtures with different fractions of oxygen in the total gas flow, in the fixed pulsed voltage mode. The pulse-on duration was varied between 5 and 10 ms, while the pulse-off time was 100 or 200 ms. The dependences of mass deposition rate and discharge current on the oxygen flow were measured, and the specific deposition rate values were calc

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2

Poolcharuansin, Phitsanu, Artit Chingsungnoen, Nitisak Pasaja, and James Bradley. "An Inverted Magnetron Operating in HiPIMS Mode." Plasma 1, no. 2 (2018): 277–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma1020024.

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An ionized physical vapor deposition technique for thin ferromagnetic films is proposed. The technique is based on high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) with positive discharge polarity. A gapped-target was employed as the cathode of the magnetron. By applying positive HiPIMS pulses to the anode, sputtered particles inside the magnetron source were ionized and extracted through the gap. Using a discharge current with a peak of about 13 A, an ion flux in the order of 1021 m−2s−1 was obtained at a distance of 45 mm from the magnetron. In addition, deposition rates of up to 1.1 Å/s for

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3

Haris, Hazlihan, Ahmad Razif Muhammad, Arni Munira Markom, et al. "Generation of Mode-Locked Dissipative Solitons with Sidebands in an Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Using Bi₂Te₃." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2974, no. 1 (2025): 012002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2974/1/012002.

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Abstract In the experiment carried out, we constructed mode-locked Erbium Doped Pulsed Fiber Laser (EDFL) with the aid of Bismuth Telluride (Bi2Te3). The SA was applied to surface of fiber ferrule through an optical deposition. The generated optical spectrum had flat top and accompanied with sidebands. The mode-locked EDFL was operating at repetition rate of 12.1 MHz and pulse width of 0.9 ps. The home-made SA is capable inducing saturable absorption effect for optical pulse generation in a typical EDFL cavity.

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4

Sakhnenko, M. D. "Cobalt-vanadium coating deposition via programmed electrolysis mode." Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, no. 3 (July 2024): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2024-154-3-165-170.

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In the current work, the co-deposition of cobalt with vanadium from a complex citrate electrolyte via stationary and pulse electrolysis modes was investigated. The process was carried out at a current density of 1–15 Adm–2 in stationary electrolysis mode and 2–10 Adm–2 in pulse electrolysis mode, with variable ratio of pulse time to pause time at a temperature range of 35–400С and pH 3.0–3.5. According to the results of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, the maximum content of vanadium in the coating obtained via the programmed electrolysis mode is 1.20–1.45%, which is tens of times higher tha

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5

Lin, Jing, Sven Daboss, Dominik Blaimer, and Christine Kranz. "Micro-Structured Polydopamine Films via Pulsed Electrochemical Deposition." Nanomaterials 9, no. 2 (2019): 242. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9020242.

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Polydopamine (PDA) films are interesting as smart functional materials, and their controlled structured formation plays a significant role in a wide range of applications ranging from cell adhesion to sensing and catalysis. A pulsed deposition technique is reported for micro-structuring polydopamine films using scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) in direct mode. Thereby, precise and reproducible film thicknesses of the deposited spots could be achieved ranging from 5.9 +/− 0.48 nm (1 pulse cycle) to 75.4 nm +/− 2.5 nm for 90 pulse cycles. The obtained morphology is different in comparis

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6

Morozovych, V. V., and Yu O. Lyashenko. "Morphological structure of galvanized copper layers in inhomogeneous regimes." Cherkasy University Bulletin: Physical and Mathematical Sciences, no. 1 (2022): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31651/2076-5851-2021-64-73.

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The microstructure of copper layers obtained by electrodeposition in stationary, pulsed and stochastic modes on copper substrates was studied by means of scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the shape of the applied grains differs significantly in the case of pulsed and stationary application modes. The technology of production of electrodeposited layers in stationary, pulse and stochastic modes of copper on copper substrates is worked out in the work. The developed automated software and hardware complex was used to control the electrodeposition process. The effect of electrodeposi

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7

Wu, Wei, Chunjie Wen, Jisheng He, et al. "Effect of Different Welding Modes on Morphology and Property of SS316L Stainless Steel Deposition by Robotic Metal-Inert Gas Welding." Materials 17, no. 18 (2024): 4479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17184479.

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The widespread adoption of arc additive manufacturing techniques across various industries has advanced the field of SS316L stainless steel manufacturing. It is crucial to acknowledge that different welding modes exert distinct influences on the forming and mechanical performance. This study analyzed the thermal input associated with four specific welding modes in LORCH MIG welding, clarifying the transition dynamics of molten droplets through waveform analysis and examining the resultant effects on microstructure and performance characteristics. The Pulse, Speed-Pulse-XT, and Twin-Pulse modes

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8

Wadi, Nurul Izzah S., Aeriyn D. Ahmad, and Zulzilawati Jusoh. "Soliton Pulse Generation with MoS₂ Saturable Absorber." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2696, no. 1 (2024): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2696/1/012005.

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Abstract We have successfully generated soliton mode-locked pulses in a ring Erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) cavity using molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) saturable absorber. The MoS2 thin film was grown onto ITO substrate through electro-deposition process using a mixture of 0.5M H2MoO4 and 0.5M Na2S2O3.5H2O as electrolyte solution. The EDFL produced stable soliton pulses operating at centre wavelength of 1557 nm and repetition rate of 1.88 MHz. The mode-locking was realized by injecting pump power within a range from 77 mW to 124 mW. It generates the maximum output power of 0.7 mW and pulse width

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9

Cornish, Neville, Rahim Kurji, Anthony Roccisano, and Reza Ghomashchi. "Techno-economic Feasibility of Modified Pulse Arc Deposition on Thick Section of Quenched and Tempered Steel." MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 01012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926901012.

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Quenched and Tempered (Q&T) steels welded structures that have numerous applications, particularly in the defence industry. However these steels are particularly prone to Hydrogen Assisted Cold Cracking (HACC) and require a highly-skilled welder to fabricate defect-free structures. This is due to the selection of the manual metal arc welding process of shielded metal arc welding (SMAW). The introduction of Modified Pulsed arc mode of depositions; a variation to Pulsed Arc deposition, has advanced deposition rates and can be employed by welders with a greater variation in skill. In this bod

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Middya, Somnath, Animesh Layek, and Partha Pratim Ray. "Possibility to Use Low Temperature Pulsed RF Sputtered Indium Tin Oxide for the Fabrication of Organic Solar Cell." Conference Papers in Energy 2013 (May 23, 2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/542726.

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In this work we have used pulsed RF sputtering method to deposit indium tin oxide (ITO) for the fabrication of P3HT:PCBM based bulk heterojunction polymer solar cell. We have deposited ITO at low substrate temperature (100°C) and for different pulse modes. Oxygen was used as an admixture to the sputtering gas argon, and the percentage was varied from 0 to 6%. During deposition, plasma was studied by optical emission spectroscopy (OES) method. For our present range of deposition conditions lowest resistivity of ITO is around 2 × 10−4 Ω-cm, and it is deposited in High-Low mode with 1% of oxygen

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11

Haris, Hazlihan, Malathy Batumalay, Sin Jin Tan, et al. "Mode-Locked YDFL Using Topological Insulator Bismuth Selenide Nanosheets as the Saturable Absorber." Crystals 12, no. 4 (2022): 489. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst12040489.

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Fiber lasers have long remained relevant for various applications worldwide in many industries. This paper presents a mode-locked ytterbium-doped fiber laser (YDFL) using our home-made topological insulator Bi2Se3 nanosheets (TI Bi2Se3) as the saturable absorber. The fabricated TI Bi2Se3 is transported to the end of the fiber ferrule using an optical deposition process, which is a key ingredient for initiating a pulsed fiber laser. With a pump power of 211.1 mW, the captured repetition rate and pulse width are 8.3 MHz and 6.2 ns, respectively. The length of the setup configuration is approxima

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12

Lin, Qiyuan, and Giovanni Zangari. "(Digital Presentation) The Evolution of Composition and Morphology during the Initial Growth of Electrodeposited Ni-Fe Films." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 23 (2022): 1206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01231206mtgabs.

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The anomalous codeposition of Ni-Fe tends to develop a composition gradient zone along the growth direction within the near-substrate region. Although it has been shown that such a composition gradient can be mitigated by the pulsed deposition method, a fundamental understanding of this behavior based on the anomalous codeposition mechanism has not been achieved yet. In this work, the evolution of the composition and the morphology during the (pulsed) electrodeposition of Ni-Fe films was reported. A theory based on the Fe deposition mechanism originally described by Bockris, Drazic, and Despic

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13

Hajihoseini, Hamidreza, Martin Čada, Zdenek Hubička, et al. "The Effect of Magnetic Field Strength and Geometry on the Deposition Rate and Ionized Flux Fraction in the HiPIMS Discharge." Plasma 2, no. 2 (2019): 201–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plasma2020015.

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We explored the effect of magnetic field strength | B | and geometry (degree of balancing) on the deposition rate and ionized flux fraction F flux in dc magnetron sputtering (dcMS) and high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) when depositing titanium. The HiPIMS discharge was run in two different operating modes. The first one we refer to as “fixed voltage mode” where the cathode voltage was kept fixed at 625 V while the pulse repetition frequency was varied to achieve the desired time average power (300 W). The second mode we refer to as “fixed peak current mode” and was carried out b

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14

Barth, Stephan, Tom Schreiber, Steffen Cornelius, Olaf Zywitzki, Thomas Modes, and Hagen Bartzsch. "High Rate Deposition of Piezoelectric AlScN Films by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering from AlSc Alloy Targets on Large Area." Micromachines 13, no. 10 (2022): 1561. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13101561.

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This paper reports on the deposition and characterization of piezoelectric AlXSc1-XN (further: AlScN) films on Si substrates using AlSc alloy targets with 30 at.% Sc. Films were deposited on a Ø200 mm area with deposition rates of 200 nm/min using a reactive magnetron sputtering process with a unipolar–bipolar hybrid pulse mode of FEP. The homogeneity of film composition, structural properties and piezoelectric properties were investigated depending on process parameters, especially the pulse mode of powering in unipolar–bipolar hybrid pulse mode operation. Characterization methods include ene

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15

Wang, Jingjing, Da Chen, Yan Xu, Qixin Liu, and Luyin Zhang. "Influence of the Crystal Texture on Raman Spectroscopy of the AlN Films Prepared by Pulse Laser Deposition." Journal of Spectroscopy 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/103602.

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We investigate the Raman scattering of the AlN films prepared by pulse laser deposition. The Raman spectrum and the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the AlN films were compared to find out the influence of the crystal texture on the Raman scattering. TheE2(high) andA1(TO) scattering modes were observed in Raman spectra. The results show that the orientation and the crystal quality of the AlN films have a great impact on these Raman scattering modes. The deterioration of (002) orientation and the appearance of other orientations in the XRD patterns lead to the weakening of theE2(high) mode a

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16

Kuntyi, Orest, Mariana Shepida, Oksana Dobrovetska, Stepan Nichkalo, Sergiy Korniy, and Yuriy Eliyashevskyy. "Pulse Electrodeposition of Palladium Nanoparticles onto Silicon in DMSO." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (October 30, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5859204.

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The deposition of palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) on the surface of n-Si (100) substrate by pulsed electrolysis in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solutions of Pd(NO3)2 was investigated. It has been shown that nonaqueous medium (DMSO) contributes the Pd (II) recovery at high cathode potential values avoiding side processes to occur. In combination with the pulse mode, this allows the deposition of spherical PdNPs with their uniform distribution on the silicon surface. We established that the main factors influencing the geometry of PdNPs are the value of the cathode potential, the concentration of p

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17

Bedrin, Alexander G., Alexander P. Guryev, Valentin M. Gromovenko, and Galina A. Sokolova. "Forcing Power Supply of a Xenon Flash Lamp to Create a High Power Irradiation Facility." Light & Engineering, no. 04-2022 (August 2022): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2021-118.

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The article describes the technical characteristics of the software-controlled power supply system for generation of second-long light pulses by means of INP‑16/580 xenon flash lamps. The amplitude-time characteristics of luminous emission in a quasi-arc mode of lamp operation are formed by computer control of temporal current pulse shape in case of large energy deposition overloads. Methods of optimisation of light and engineering characteristics were defined accounting for non-linearity of the load of the thyristor unit and ambiguity of the dependence of luminous radiation on discharge curre

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18

Fomichev, V. T., A. V. Savchenko, and G. P. Gubarevich. "ELECTRIC DEPOSITION OF TIN-LEAD ALLOY BY PULSE CURRENT." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 4(251) (April 23, 2021): 86–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-4-251-86-89.

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The process of electrodeposition of a tin-lead alloy from hydrofluoride electrolytes by pulsating currents has been investigated. The influence of the electric mode on the alloy composition and properties of the resulting precipitates was studied: current efficiency, microhardness, specific electrolytic resistance, and internal stresses of the precipitates.

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19

Han, Zhang, Jiang, et al. "Improved Laser Damage Threshold of In2Se3 Saturable Absorber by PVD for High-Power Mode-Locked Er-Doped Fiber Laser." Nanomaterials 9, no. 9 (2019): 1216. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9091216.

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In this study, a double-end pumped high-power passively mode-locked erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) was realized by employing a few-layered In2Se3 flakes as a saturable absorber (SA). Herein, the uniform large-scale In2Se3 flakes were synthesized by the physical vapor deposition (PVD) method. The PVD-In2Se3 SA exhibited a remarkable damage threshold of higher than 24 mJ/cm2. Meanwhile, the PVD-In2Se3 SA had a modulation depth and saturable intensity of 18.75% and 6.8 MW/cm2, respectively. Based on the In2Se3 SA, the stable bright pulses emitting at 1559.4 nm with an average output power/pulse

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20

Corbella Roca, Carles, Sabine Portal, Madhusudhan Kundrapu, and Michael Keidar. "(Invited) Advances in Synthesis of Nanomaterials By Atmospheric Arc Discharge with Pulsed Power." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, no. 19 (2022): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0219888mtgabs.

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Plasmas are common tools used for synthesis and modification of nanoparticles. All techniques aim at providing high quality, nanostructured materials with well-defined crystalline state and functional properties. The most consolidated cold plasma nanosynthesis methods are pulsed-DC physical/chemical vapour deposition (PVD/CVD), high power impulse magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS), and pulsed cathodic arc. However, atmospheric arc discharge processes excel in production of stand-alone nanomaterials thanks to their high throughput and excellent quality and wide variety of obtained materials. Carbon

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21

Lasseter, John, Philip D. Rack, and Steven J. Randolph. "Selected Area Deposition of High Purity Gold for Functional 3D Architectures." Nanomaterials 13, no. 4 (2023): 757. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano13040757.

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Selected area deposition of high purity gold films onto nanoscale 3D architectures is highly desirable as gold is conductive, inert, plasmonically active, and can be functionalized with thiol chemistries, which are useful in many biological applications. Here, we show that high-purity gold coatings can be selectively grown with the Me2Au (acac) precursor onto nanoscale 3D architectures via a pulsed laser pyrolytic chemical vapor deposition process. The selected area of deposition is achieved due to the high thermal resistance of the nanoscale geometries. Focused electron beam induced deposits

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22

Alipooramirabad, Houman, Neville Cornish, Rahim Kurji, Anthony Roccisano, and Reza Ghomashchi. "Quenched and Tempered Steels Welded Structures: Modified Gas Metal Arc Welding-Pulse vs. Shielded Metal Arc Welding." Metals 13, no. 5 (2023): 887. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13050887.

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Quench and tempered (Q&T) steels are widely used for a diverse range of applications, particularly in the mining and defence industry, where wear and unconventional loading are common. Furthermore, they are particularly prone to hydrogen assisted cold cracking (HACC), imposing a more careful selection of consumables and requiring a comparably higher welder skill level to fabricate defect-free structures. Therefore, the cost of fabrication of welded structures is higher when the more preferred welding technique of shielded metal arc welding, SMAW, is employed. The introduction of the modifi

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23

Tseluikin, V. N., and A. A. Koreshkova. "Deposition of zinc-carbon nanotube composite coatings in the pulse-reverse mode." Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry 87, no. 9 (2014): 1251–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1070427214090109.

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24

Caballero-Briones, F., G. Santana, T. Flores, and L. Ponce. "Photoluminescence Response in Carbon Films Deposited by Pulsed Laser Deposition onto GaAs Substrates at Low Vacuum." Journal of Nanotechnology 2016 (2016): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5349697.

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Carbon films were deposited onto GaAs substrates by pulsed laser deposition at low vacuum (10–15 mTorr) from a graphite target. Films were prepared at different number of pulses (1500 to 6000) with fixed fluence (32 J/cm2), target-to-substrate distance, and pulse frequency using a Q:Switched Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm operating at a frequency of 10 Hz and producing burst-mode pulses with total duration per shot of 49 ns. Films were characterized by optical microscopy, atomic force microscopy, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and photoluminescence spectroscopy. Deposited fi

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25

Sudas, Dmitriy P., Sergei M. Popov, and Petr I. Kuznetsov. "In Situ Preparation of Thin-Film Q-Switches Based on Vanadium Dioxide for Pulsed Fiber Lasers." Photonics 12, no. 2 (2025): 133. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics12020133.

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In the presented work, erbium fiber lasers operating in the pulsed mode with a nonlinear element containing a vanadium oxide saturable absorber are demonstrated. The structure of the saturable absorber is based on a segment of thinned silica fiber coated with a thin-film vanadium oxide by the method of metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. A fiber laser scheme is demonstrated that allows controlling the transmission of the internal cavity of the resonator during laser generation and deposition of a thin film. We have demonstrated a method for obtaining and annealing nanocoatings with laser g

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26

Nenastina, Tetiana, Mykola Sakhnenko, and Anatoly Djenyk. "INFLUENCE OF ELECTROLYSIS CONDITIONS ON THE COMPOSITION OF ELECTROLYTIC COMPOSITE COATINGS BASED ON COBALT." Bulletin of the National Technical University "KhPI". Series: Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology, no. 2(10) (April 27, 2024): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2079-0821.2023.02.08.

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The composite coatings electrodeposition with the refractory metals with cobalt makes it possible to obtain a coating with a unique combination of physicochemical properties that are unattainable when using other application methods. One of the reasons for the limited use of the electrolytic method of coating with such composites is the difficulty of controlling the process. The properties of alloys of the iron subgroup with refractory metals and composites depend not only on the chemical composition (the content of the refractory component) but also on the deposition conditions. By varying th

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Sakhnenko, M. D., Yu A. Zhelavska, V. O. Proskurina, A. V. Dzheniuk, and S. I. Rudneva. "Functional cobalt-vanadium coatings deposition via programmed electrolysis mode." Functional Materials 32, no. 1 (2025): 63–66. https://doi.org/10.15407/fm32.01.63.

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The electrocatalytic activity of a cobalt-vanadium alloy coating in the hydrogen evolution reaction was investigated. The cobalt-vanadium coating is electrodeposited from a complex citrate electrolyte via pulse electrolysis modes. According to the results of the X-ray dispersive spectrometry, the resulting coating contains 0.2–1.0 mass % vanadium. It is found that on a cathode with a Co-V coating, the overvoltage in the hydrogen evolution reaction is 0.15-0.2 V lower, and the exchange current is higher than on a cobalt coated electrode. As the vanadium content in the alloy increases, the value

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Du, Baosheng, Yongzan Zheng, Chentao Mao, et al. "Transmissive Mode Laser Micro-Ablation Performance of Ammonium Dinitramide-Based Liquid Propellant for Laser Micro-Thruster." Micromachines 14, no. 6 (2023): 1219. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14061219.

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The transmissive mode laser micro-ablation performance of near-infrared (NIR) dye-optimized ammonium dinitramide (ADN)-based liquid propellant was investigated in laser plasma propulsion using a pulse YAG laser with 5 ns pulse width and 1064 nm wavelength. Miniature fiber optic near-infrared spectrometer, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and high-speed camera were used to study laser energy deposition, thermal analysis of ADN-based liquid propellants and the flow field evolution process, respectively. Experimental results indicate that two important factors, laser energy deposition effi

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Yukimura, Ken, and Tomoyuki Muraho. "A two-switch mode pulse modulator for plasma-based ion implantation and deposition." Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms 206 (May 2003): 791–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0168-583x(03)00850-4.

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Komae, Yasuaki, Kanji Yasui, Maki Suemitsu, et al. "Epitaxial Growth of GaN Films by Pulse-Mode Hot-Mesh Chemical Vapor Deposition." Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 48, no. 7 (2009): 076509. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.48.076509.

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Yan, Zhou, Jia Guo, Xi Zou, and Siyu Wang. "Integrated Control of Thermal Residual Stress and Mechanical Properties by Adjusting Pulse-Wave Direct Energy Deposition." Materials 17, no. 21 (2024): 5231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17215231.

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Directed energy deposition with laser beam (DED-LB) components experience significant residual stress due to rapid heating and cooling cycles. Excessive residual tensile stress can lead to cracking in the deposited sample, resulting in service failure. This study utilized digital image correlation (DIC) and thermal imaging to observe the in situ temporal evolution of strain and temperature gradients across all layers of a deposited 316 L stainless steel thin wall during DED-LB. Both continuous-wave (CW) and pulsed-wave (PW) laser modes were employed. Additionally, the characteristics of therma

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Gulina, Yulia, Jiaqi Zhu, Alexey Gorevoy, et al. "Dimensional Analysis of Double-Track Microstructures in a Lithium Niobate Crystal Induced by Ultrashort Laser Pulses." Photonics 10, no. 5 (2023): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10050582.

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Double-track microstructures were induced in the bulk of a z-cut lithium niobate crystal by 1030 nm 240 fs ultrashort laser pulses with a repetition rate of 100 kHz at variable pulse energies exceeding the critical Kerr self-focusing power. The microstructure topography was characterized by atomic force microscopy in piezoelectric response mode. The spatial positions of laser-induced modification regions inside lithium niobate in the case of laser beam propagation along the crystal optical axis can be directly predicted by simple analytical expressions under the paraxial approximation. A dimen

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Dematos, Jean, Marie-Pierre Gigandet, and Jean-Yves Hihn. "Control of Electroplated Copper Layers Microstructure Under Modulated Current: Organic Additives Free Electrolytes." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-02, no. 22 (2024): 1867. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-02221867mtgabs.

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The use of organic additives is a common thing to improve the properties of copper layer elaborated from a sulfate plating bath. Especially, levelling effects and brightness intensity can be strongly enhanced. But this practice is not without its disadvantages, with high costs, risks of defects in the supply chain, and health and environmental issues [1]. An interesting alternative consists in the current modulation currently named pulsed currents [2] to replace the use of organic molecules to control the roughness of copper deposits. If several works still exist in this field, their applicati

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Ma, Chunyang, Hongxin He, Fafeng Xia, and Mengyu Cao. "Effect of Pulse Electrodeposition Mode on Microstructures and Properties of Ni-TiN Composite Coatings." Coatings 14, no. 11 (2024): 1384. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14111384.

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Mild steel is a kind of material commonly used in the chemical industry and to manufacture machinery, farm tools, and other parts in order to improve the surface performance of the parts and prolong their service life. The Ni-TiN composite coating was fabricated through ultrasonic electroplating using a Ni-based sulfamic acid bath with added nano-TiN particles. The effects of three distinct current modes, direct current (DC), positive pulse current (PC), and positive–negative pulse current (PNPC), on various aspects of the coating, including surface morphology, TiN content and distribution, in

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Feng, Yi, and Ding Fan. "Investigating the Forming Characteristics of 316 Stainless Steel Fabricated through Cold Metal Transfer (CMT) Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing." Materials 17, no. 10 (2024): 2184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17102184.

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Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM), recognized for its capability to fabricate large-scale, complex parts, stands out due to its significant deposition rates and cost-effectiveness, positioning it as a forward-looking manufacturing method. In this research, we employed two welding currents to produce samples of 316 austenitic stainless steel utilizing the Cold Metal Transfer wire arc additive manufacturing process (CMT-WAAM). This study initially evaluated the maximum allowable arc travel speed (MAWFS) and the formation characteristics of the deposition bead, considering deposition cur

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Wang, Yili, Dongbin Zhang, and Chen Zhang. "Metal Transfer Behavior and Molten Pool Dynamics in Cold Metal Transfer Pulse Advanced Additive Manufacturing of 7075 Aluminum Alloy." Micromachines 15, no. 12 (2024): 1489. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15121489.

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Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) with a special arc mode of cold metal transfer pulse advanced (CMT-PADV) is an ideal additive manufacturing process for fabricating aerospace components, primarily high-strength aluminum alloys, offering advantages such as high deposition rates and low cost. However, the numerical simulation of the CMT-PADV WAAM process has not been researched until now. In this study, we first developed a three-dimensional fluid dynamics model for the CMT-PADV WAAM of 7075 aluminum alloy, aiming at analyzing the droplet transition and molten pool flow. The results indica

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Sobola, Dinara, Saleh H. Fawaeer, Pavla Kočková, Richard Schubert, Rashid Dallaev, and Tomáš Trčka. "Optical Properties of Yttrium Ferrite Films Prepared by Pulse Laser Deposition." Coatings 14, no. 11 (2024): 1464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings14111464.

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This study investigates the optical properties of yttrium ferrite thin films fabricated via pulse laser deposition. Yttrium orthoferrite, a ferrimagnetic material known for its potential applications in spintronics and photonics, was deposited on single-crystal substrates under controlled conditions to analyze its optical characteristics. The influence of deposition time on the film quality and optical properties was examined. Atomic force microscopy in contact mode revealed surface roughness variations up to 35 nm, indicating the films’ ability to cover substrate defects. Reflectance measurem

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Pudwat, S., P. Rakkwamsuk, and S. Damrongrattana. "Self-Cleaning Properties of TiO₂ Films Deposited by Reactive Magnetron Sputtering Using Smooth D.C. and Pulsed D.C. Source." Advanced Materials Research 55-57 (August 2008): 453–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.55-57.453.

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he TiO2 films were prepared by reactive smooth d.c. and pulsed d.c. magnetron sputtering on glass slide substrates. A metallic titanium target was reactively sputtered in a mixture of argon and oxygen. The influence of smooth d.c. and pulsed d.c. discharge power on films thickness, crystallinity, surface morphology, photocatalytic activity (methylene blue degradation) and hydrophilic activity were studied. At pulsed d.c. sputtering, plasma generator has been used to provide the asymmetric pulsed d.c. bias of the target at 100 kHz and pulsed off-time 4016ns. The structures of the films at 100nm

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Azarova, Olga A., and Oleg V. Kravchenko. "The Use of Spatially Multi-Component Plasma Structures and Combined Energy Deposition for High-Speed Flow Control: A Selective Review." Energies 17, no. 7 (2024): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17071632.

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This review examines studies aimed at the organization of energy (non-mechanical) control of high-speed flow/flight using spatially multi-component plasma structures and combined energy deposition. The review covers selected works on the experimental acquisition and numerical modeling of multi-component plasma structures and the use of sets of actuators based on plasma of such a spatial type for the purposes of control of shock wave/bow shock wave–energy source interaction, as well as control of shock wave–boundary layer interaction. A series of works on repetitive multiple laser pulse plasma

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Fomichev, V. T., A. V. Savchenko, and G. P. Gubarevich. "RESEARCH OF THE PROCESS OF DEPOSITION OF GALVANIC COPPER SEDIMENTS BY PULSE CURRENTS." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 4(251) (April 23, 2021): 81–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-4-251-81-85.

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Research has been carried out on the process of copper electrodeposition from fluoride-hydrogen-boron electrolytes of copper plating by pulsed currents. The influence of the electric mode on the quality of the obtained copper deposits was studied: copper current efficiency, microhardness, specific electrolytic resistance, and internal voltages of the deposits.

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Saraev, Yuriy, Valeriy Bezborodov, Marina Perovskaya, Vyacheslav Semenchuk, and Aleksandr Nepomnyaschiy. "IMPACT OF WELD DEPOSITION MODES UPON CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRODE METAL HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, FORMATION OF STRUCTURE AND SURFACE PROPERTIES." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2020, no. 9 (2020): 4–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2020-9-4-12.

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The peculiarities of structure formation in coatings deposited under conditions of controlled heat and mass transfer with the pulse change of power parameters of the mode are considered.  It is shown that as a result of the pulse control of mode power parameters, in a coating there is observed of structural heterogeneity decrease on a coating section at the expense of the decrease of structural constituent dimensions in it that increases considerably of operation properties of strengthened products operated under conditions of low temperatures of the extreme North. The investigations are

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Albrithen, H. A., M. Elnaggar, K. Ozga, et al. "Structural Transition in SrZnO Laser Pulse Deposited Alloy." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 1 (2017): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0030.

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Abstract We have discovered a structural transition for the SrZnO alloy films from a wurtzite to a rock-salt structure, leading to a reduction in the (112̲0)/(0001) surface energy ratio. The films were grown by pulsed laser deposition using different SrO ratios, x. We have revealed that growth at a higher temperature, 750°C, resulted in a sharp 0002 peak at a low SrO content (5%), whereas growth at a higher SrO content (10%) resulted in a non-crystalline film with minute crystallites with a (112̲0) orientation. Generally the crystallinity decreased as the SrO content increased. No results obta

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Bidnyk, S., B. D. Little, Y. H. Cho, et al. "Room Temperature Laser Action in Laterally Overgrown GaN Pyramids on (111) Silicon." MRS Internet Journal of Nitride Semiconductor Research 4, S1 (1999): 739–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s1092578300003343.

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Single and multi-mode room temperature laser action was observed in GaN pyramids under strong optical pumping. The 5- and 15-micron-wide hexagonal-based pyramids were laterally overgrown on a patterned GaN/AlN seeding layer grown on a (111) silicon substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. The pyramids were individually pumped, imaged, and spectrally analyzed through a high magnification optical system using a high density pulsed excitation source. We suggest that the cavity formed in a pyramid is of a ring type, formed by total internal reflections of light off the pyramids’ surfa

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Borovitskaya, I. V., A. S. Demin, O. A. Komolova, et al. "Damage of the surface layer of Inconel 718 alloy by pulsed beam-plasma flows." Physics and Chemistry of Materials Treatment 2 (2023): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/0015-3214-2023-2-5-17.

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The damage of the surface layer of the Inconel 718 alloy, prepared by additive technology by selective laser melting with subsequent heat treatment, is studied under the conditions of repeated pulsed exposure to flows of helium ions and helium plasma in two modes of irradiation in the Plasma Focus “Vikhr” facility: in soft mode with energy flux density q0 = 2·108 W/cm2 at pulse duration τ = 50 ns and in hard mode (q0 = 1.5·109 W/cm2, τ = 25 ns). The number of pulsed actions in the experiments was N = 10 and 20. Under the implemented conditions of pulsed irradiation, the processes of sputtering

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Alrebdi, Tahani A., Noor Fatima, Ali M. Alshehri, Adnan Khalil, and Haroon Asghar. "Graphene Oxide and Reduced Graphene Oxide Saturable Absorbers: Advancements in Erbium-Doped Fiber Lasers for Mode-Locking and Q-Switching." Photonics 11, no. 12 (2024): 1181. https://doi.org/10.3390/photonics11121181.

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Graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) have emerged as robust materials in the development of SAs for erbium-doped fiber lasers (EDFLs). Their exceptional optical properties, such as broadband absorption and fast recovery times, make them ideal candidates for achieving ultrashort pulse operation in EDFLs. With its higher oxygen content, GO offers greater nonlinearity and a tunable absorption spectrum, while rGO, yielded through chemical reduction, exhibits enhanced electrical conductivity and higher saturable absorption. These properties facilitate the generation of ultrashort pu

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Trzaska, Zdzislaw. "Mixed mode oscillations in an electrochemical reactor." Applied Chemical Engineering 3, no. 2 (2020): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.24294/ace.v3i2.657.

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This paper subject focuses on modelling of electrochemical processes during a deposition of nanostructured materials on a metallic substrate. Fundamentals of electrocrystallization processes and parameters influenced the final quality of the resulting products are considered. To quantify the evolution of the electrochemical reactor processes with respect to time, an equivalent electric circuit has been established. Two types of periodic supplying currents were taken into consideration: bipolar pulse current and sinusoidal rectified current. Results of performed computer simulations of electroc

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Yan, Zhou, Jia Guo, and Xi Zou. "Effect of Post-Heat Treatment on the Mechanical and Residual Stress Behavior of Pulsed Wave S316L Fabricated by Directed Energy Deposition." Sensors 24, no. 23 (2024): 7457. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s24237457.

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The influence of annealing at various temperatures on the phase stability and microstructure of pulsed-wave laser mode (PW) 316L stainless steel fabricated via Directed Energy Deposition (DED) was systematically investigated. The microstructural alterations resulting from heat treatment were examined to clarify their influence on the mechanical properties of the specimens subjected to tensile loading. The results showed that cell size increased with annealing temperature, with the cellular microstructure disappearing at higher temperatures (T ≥ 1000 °C). A decrease in the mechanical strength o

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Smyaglikov, I. P., A. I. Zolotovsky, V. G. Tatur, and E. I. Tochitsky. "EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF A PULSE PLASMA FLOW IN A MODE OF DIAMOND-LIKE COATING DEPOSITION." High Temperature Material Processes (An International Quarterly of High-Technology Plasma Processes) 10, no. 4 (2006): 617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/hightempmatproc.v10.i4.120.

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Zhang, Chunfeng, Changyuan Zhai, Meng Zhang, Chi Zhang, Wei Zou, and Chunjiang Zhao. "Staggered-Phase Spray Control: A Method for Eliminating the Inhomogeneity of Deposition in Low-Frequency Pulse-Width Modulation (PWM) Variable Spray." Agriculture 14, no. 3 (2024): 465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture14030465.

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The pulse-width modulation (PWM) variable spray system is the most widely used variable spray system in the world at present, which has the characteristics of a fast response, large flow adjustment range, and good atomization. Recently, the pressure fluctuation and droplet deposition uniformity of the PWM variable spray system caused by the intermittent spray mode of the nozzle have attracted more and more attention. In this study, a method for eliminating the inhomogeneity of ground deposition in low-frequency PWM variable sprays based on a staggered-phase drive mode was proposed, and a PWM v

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Mihailov, N., O. Vankov, N. Petrova, and D. Kovacheva. "Combined laser and magnetic field treatment of YFeO3—containing films grown by spray-pyrolysis." Open Chemistry 2, no. 1 (2004): 188–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bf02476189.

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AbstractThin films (50–1200 nm) of YFeO3 were deposited on fused silica substrates by spray-pyrolysis using ethylene glycol solution of Y-Fe(III) citric complexes. The films were post deposition annealed at 750°C in static air for 2 h. Films obtained in this way were afterwards irradiated by a burst mode operated Nd-YAG laser (pulse energy 650 mJ, pulse duration 700 μs, energy density 110 mJ/cm2). The laser’s onset was synchronized with that of a magnetic field pulse of nearly square shape (magnetic induction 0.5 T, pulse duration 900 μs). The samples were placed normally to the direction of t

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