Journal articles: 'Pulsed laser deposition (PLD)'

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Hubler, Graham K. "Pulsed Laser Deposition." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 2 (February 1992): 26–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040586.

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Research on materials grown by pulsed laser deposition, or PLD, has experienced phenomenal growth since late 1987 when T. Venkatesan (one of the authors for this issue) and co-workers pointed out that extreme nonequilibrium conditions created by pulsed laser melting of YBaCuO allowed in-situ preparation of thin films of this high transition temperature (Tc) superconducting material. Since then, PLD has emerged as the primary means for high throughput deposition of high-quality superconducting thin films for research and devices. This probably came as no surprise to J.T. Cheung (another of this issue's authors), who performed original research in this area and tirelessly labored during the 1980s to convince a skeptical audience of the advantages of PLD.Along with the success of PLD in the arena of high-temperature superconductivity, however, is the explosion of activity in the deposition of many other materials, made possible by the unique features of pulsed laser deposition, materials previously not amenable to in-situ thin film growth. Creative minds reasoned that since PLD can deposit a demanding, complex material such as the perovskite structure Y1Ba2Cu3O7-δ, why not other perovskites or multicomponent oxide materials? It also turns out that the range of properties of multicomponent oxides is virtually limitless. They can be metallic, insulating, semiconducting, biocompatable, superconducting, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, and so on. One is not limited to the properties of elements or binary compounds on which the electronics and microelectronics industries are based. Indeed, in a recent review of hybrid ferromagnetic- semiconductor structures, G. Prinz states, “… there has been little work devoted to incorporating magnetic materials into planar integrated electronic (or photonic) circuitry there are potential applications that have no analog in vacuum electronics but that remain unrealized, awaiting the development of appropriate materials and processing procedures.” In pulsed laser deposition, we may well have in hand the “appropriate processing procedure” to deposit sequential epitaxial layers of high quality materials that possess profoundly different properties.

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RAO, M. C. "PULSED LASER DEPOSITION — ABLATION MECHANISM AND APPLICATIONS." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 22 (January 2013): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194513010362.

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Laser ablation is the process of removing material from a solid surface by irradiating it with a laser beam. At low laser flux, the material is heated by the absorbed laser energy and evaporates or sublimates. At high laser flux, the material is typically converted to a plasma. Usually, laser ablation refers to removing material with a pulsed laser, but it is possible to ablate material with a continuous wave laser beam if the laser intensity is high enough. In general, the method of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is simple. Only few parameters need to be controlled during the process. Targets used in PLD are small compared with other targets used in other sputtering techniques. It is quite easy to produce multi-layer film composed of two or more materials. Besides, by controlling the number of pulses, a fine control of film thickness can be achieved. Pulsed-laser deposition has been used to deposit an extraordinarily wide range of materials. Historically, the most significant application of PLD has been in the area of high temperature superconducting thin films. The demonstration that PLD could be used to deposit YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) films with zero resistivity at nearly 85 K sparked a significant amount of high temperature superconductivity research over the past decade and has stimulated research in PLD in general. The most striking limitations of PLD are the generation of particulates during the deposition process and the non uniform coating thickness, when substrates of large area are deposited.

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Niemczyk, Moszyński, Jędrzejewski, Kwiatkowski, Piwowarczyk, and Baranowska. "Chemical Structure of EVA Films Obtained by Pulsed Electron Beam and Pulse Laser Ablation." Polymers 11, no. 9 (August 29, 2019): 1419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11091419.

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Poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate) (EVA) films were deposited for the first time using physical methods. The chemical structure of the films obtained using two techniques, pulsed electron beam deposition (PED) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD), was studied by attenuated total reflection Fourier infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Whilst significant molecular degradation of the EVA films was observed for the PLD method, the original macromolecular structure was only partially degraded when the PED technique was used, emphasizing the superiority of the PED method over PLD for structurally complex polymers such as EVA. Optical and scanning electron microscopic observations revealed compact and smooth EVA films deposited by pulsed electron beam ablation as opposed to heterogeneous films with many different sized particulates obtained by PLD.

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Deng, Ying, Anthony Pelton, and R. A. Mayanovic. "Comparison of Vanadium Oxide Thin Films Prepared Using Femtosecond and Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition." MRS Advances 1, no. 39 (2016): 2737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.311.

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ABSTRACTPulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a technique which utilizes a high energy pulsed laser ablation of targets to deposit thin films on substrates in a vacuum chamber. The high-intensity laser pulses create a plasma plume from the target material which is projected towards the substrate whereupon it condenses to deposit a thin film. Here we investigate the properties of vanadium oxide thin films prepared utilizing two variations of the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique: femtosecond PLD and nanosecond PLD. Femtosecond PLD (f-PLD) has a significantly higher peak intensity and shorter duration laser pulse compared to that of the excimer-based nanosecond PLD (n-PLD). Experiments have been conducted on the growth of thin films prepared from V2O5 targets on glass substrates using f-PLD and n-PLD. Characterization using SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopy shows that the f-PLD films have significantly rougher texture prior to annealing and exhibit with an amorphous nano-crystalline character whereas the thin films grown using n-PLD are much smoother and highly predominantly amorphous. The surface morphology, structural, vibrational, and chemical- and electronic-state elemental properties of the vanadium oxide thin films, both prior to and after annealing to 450 °C, will be discussed.

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Wang, Yuxuan, Bin Zou, Bruno Rente, Neil Alford, and Peter K. Petrov. "Deposition of Nanocrystalline Multilayer Graphene Using Pulsed Laser Deposition." Crystals 13, no. 6 (May 27, 2023): 881. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13060881.

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The wide application of graphene in the industry requires the direct growth of graphene films on silicon substrates. In this study, we found a possible technique to meet the requirement above. Multilayer graphene thin films (MLG) were grown without a catalyst on Si/SiO2 using pulsed laser deposition (PLD). It was found that the minimum number of laser pulses required to produce fully covered (uninterrupted) samples is 500. This number of laser pulses resulted in samples that contain ~5 layers of graphene. The number of layers was not affected by the laser fluence and the sample cooling rate after the deposition. However, the increase in the laser fluence from 0.9 J/cm2 to 1.5 J/cm2 resulted in a 2.5-fold reduction in the MLG resistance. The present study reveals that the PLD method is suitable to produce nanocrystalline multilayer graphene with electrical conductivity of the same magnitude as commercial CVD graphene samples.

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ZHAO, YAFAN, CHUANZHONG CHEN, MINGDA SONG, JIE MA, and DIANGANG WANG. "EFFECTS OF TECHNICAL PARAMETERS ON THE PULSED LASER DEPOSITED FERROELECTRIC FILMS." Surface Review and Letters 13, no. 05 (October 2006): 687–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x06008669.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD), which is a novel technique in producing thin films in the recent years, shows unique advantages for the deposition of ferroelectric films. Effects of technical parameters on the pulsed laser deposited ferroelectric films, including substrate temperature, oxygen pressure, post-annealing, buffer layer, target composition, energy density, wavelength, target-to-substrate distance, and laser pulse rate, are systematically reviewed in order to optimize these parameters. Processing-microstructure-property relationships of ferroelectric films by PLD are discussed. The application prospect is pointed as well.

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Cotell, Catherine M., and Kenneth S. Grabowski. "Novel Materials Applications of Pulsed Laser Deposition." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 2 (February 1992): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040616.

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The successful use of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) to fabricate thin film superconductors has generated interest in using the technique to deposit thin films of other materials. The compositional fidelity between laser target and deposited film and the ability to deposit films in reactive gas environments make the PLD process particularly well suited to the deposition of complex multicomponent materials. Cheung and Sankur recently provided an excellent review of the PLD field, including a table of over 100 elements, inorganic and organic compounds, andsuperlattices that have been laser evaporated. Over 75 of these materials were deposited as thin films.The goal of this article is to provide an introduction to some of the newer applications of PLD for thin film fabrication. Four classes of materials are highlighted: ferroelectrics, bioceramics, ferrites, and tribological materials. Ferroelectric materials are structurally related to the high-temperature superconducting oxides and therefore are a direct extension of the recent superconducting oxide work. Bioceramics are dissimilar in structure and application to both ferroelectrics and superconducting oxides, but they are complex multicomponent oxides and, therefore, benefit from the use of PLD. Ferrites, also complex, multicomponent oxides, represent another exciting, but only lightly explored opportunity for PLD. In contrast, tribological materials are typically neither complex nor multicomponent. Nevertheless, interesting structures and properties have been produced by PLD. A few of the more important ones will be discussed. These different types of materials demonstrate the diversity of capabilities offered by PLD.

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Thyen, Laurenz, Daniel Splith, Max Kneiß, Marius Grundmann, and Holger von Wenckstern. "Masked-assisted radial-segmented target pulsed-laser deposition: A novel method for area-selective deposition using pulsed-laser deposition." Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 41, no. 2 (March 2023): 020801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1116/6.0002275.

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We introduce a novel technique, masked-assisted radial-segmented target pulsed-laser deposition (MARS-PLD) for unprecedented capabilities in area-selective physical vapor deposition. The MARS-PLD setup consists of a conventional PLD chamber with mechanical feedthrough for a laterally movable mask or mask set. By this means and, in principle, the arbitrary choice of a shadow mask layout, any desired area on a substrate can be masked in order to create multinary lateral and vertical material composition gradients using radially segmented targets already described in the literature [Kneiß et al., ACS Comb. Sci. 20, 643–652 (2018)]. To illustrate the capabilities of this method, we fabricated material gradients in (Mg,Zn)O thin films with a nearly linear spatial variation of the cation composition of [Formula: see text]. Additionally, we fine-tuned our setup to fabricate a material gradient on a predefined two-dimensional lateral pattern to demonstrate the versatile capabilities of the MARS-PLD technique.

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Bulai, Georgiana, Oana Pompilian, Silviu Gurlui, Petr Nemec, Virginie Nazabal, Nicanor Cimpoesu, Bertrand Chazallon, and Cristian Focsa. "Ge-Sb-Te Chalcogenide Thin Films Deposited by Nanosecond, Picosecond, and Femtosecond Laser Ablation." Nanomaterials 9, no. 5 (May 1, 2019): 676. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano9050676.

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Ge-Sb-Te thin films were obtained by ns-, ps-, and fs-pulsed laser deposition (PLD) in various experimental conditions. The thickness of the samples was influenced by the Nd-YAG laser wavelength, fluence, target-to-substrate distance, and deposition time. The topography and chemical analysis results showed that the films deposited by ns-PLD revealed droplets on the surface together with a decreased Te concentration and Sb over-stoichiometry. Thin films with improved surface roughness and chemical compositions close to nominal values were deposited by ps- and fs-PLD. The X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy results showed that the samples obtained with ns pulses were partially crystallized while the lower fluences used in ps- and fs-PLD led to amorphous depositions. The optical parameters of the ns-PLD samples were correlated to their structural properties.

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Venkatesan, T., X. D. Wu, R. Muenchausen, and A. Pique. "Pulsed Laser Deposition: Future Directions." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 2 (February 1992): 54–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040628.

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Despite the discovery of the laser a few decades ago, the potential for pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of thin films has remained unexploited. Despite the sustained pioneering work at Rockwell in laser deposition, it took the development of high-temperature superconductors to fully realize the technique's potential. Early work on PLD of high-temperature superconductors demonstrated for the first time that the composition of rather complex multi-elementary materials can be reproduced in the deposited film under appropriate conditions of laser energy density and deposition angle. These features made PLD unique; and once the recipe for making in-situ crystalline films of proper stoichiometry was known, the technique's popularity was significantly enhanced in the research community.The features of laser deposition that make the process so unique, and that are discussed throughout this issue, are recapped below:1. Rather complex multi-elementary materials can be deposited well if a single-phase, homogeneous target can be fabricated. The complexity of the deposition process is translated to the relatively easier process of fabricating a high-quality target.2. The chamber pressure, target-substrate distance, target orientation with respect to the laser beam, etc. are significantly de-coupled, enabling significant freedom in deposition system design. The target is decoupled from the substrate in the sense that a small target can be used to deposit film over a fairly large area substrate with the appropriate scanning schemes.3. The efficiency of the target use is superior compared to any other technique since a predominant amount of the evaporated material is forward directed and can be collected with a high degree of efficiency. For example, in a production environment, more than 100 YBCO films (ranging 3,000-4,000 Å thick) on 1 × 1 cm2 substrates have been fabricated from a 0.25-inch-thick one-inch target with a majority of the target still left over. The cost of raw materials in a production environment may become significant, and for toxic elements particularly there is a further advantage in minimizing the spread of contaminants.

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Dumitrescu, Luminita Nicoleta, Eusebiu-Rosini Ionita, Ruxandra Birjega, Andrada Lazea-Stoyanova, Maria-Daniela Ionita, George Epurescu, Ana-Maria Banici, Simona Brajnicov, Florin Andrei, and Andreea Matei. "Kaolinite Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition and Matrix Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation." Nanomaterials 12, no. 3 (February 5, 2022): 546. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030546.

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In this work, thin films of lamellar clays were deposited by laser techniques (matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD)). The focus of this paper is the optimization of deposition parameters for the production of highly oriented crystalline films. The films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Contact angle measurements were employed to identify the wetting properties of the deposited thin films. Hydrophobic to superhydrophilic films can be prepared by using different deposition techniques and deposition parameters. MAPLE led to superhydrophilic films with contact angles in the range 4°–8°, depending on the microstructure and surface roughness at micro and nano scale. The 1064 nm PLD had a high deposition rate and produced a textured film while at λ = 193 nm an extremely thin and amorphous layer was depicted. Oriented kaolinite films were obtained by MAPLE even at 5 wt.% kaolinite in the target.

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Walck, Scott D., Jeffrey S. Zabinski, and Michael S. Donley. "Electron microscopy of pulsed-laser-deposited thin films for tribological applications." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 852–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100150095.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a novel thin film deposition technique which has recently been applied to tribological materials with great success. PLD has several inherent advantages over conventional deposition techniques, including excellent film adhesion, replication of target chemistry, and low film deposition temperature. Because load-bearing materials are typically hardened, heat treated alloys, these properties of PLD are ideally suited for tribological applications. In addition to being a relatively simple deposition technique, considerable processing flexibility is inherent with PLD. Dense, nonporous, stoichiometric films of solid lubricants, such as MoS2, have been grown having long wear lives with low coefficients of friction. Hard coating materials, such as TiC, have been grown at room temperature that were polycrystalline and had excellent wear properties.A significant feature of pulsed laser deposited (PLD) thin films is the incorporation of spherical particles within the films. Figure 1 shows these particles embedded in a film of PLD MoS2 deposited at room temperature.

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Kusiński, J., A. Kopia, Ł. Cieniek, S. Kąc, and A. Radziszewska. "Deposition Of Oxide And Intermetallic Thin Films By Pulsed Laser (PLD) And Electron Beam (PED) Methods." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 60, no. 3 (September 1, 2015): 2173–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2015-0363.

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Abstract In this work the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and the pulsed electron beam deposition (PED) techniques were used for fabrication of Mo-Bi2O3, La1−xSrxCoO3, La1−xCaxCoO3 and Al-Mg thin films. An influence of ablation process basic parameters on the coatings structure and properties was discussed. Two types of laser ablation systems were applied: one equipped with a KrF excimer and second with a Q-switched Nd:YAG. Films were deposited on Si and MgO substrates. Scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM) as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used for structural analysis. Investigations focused on structure and chemical composition showed that smooth and dense thin films with nanocrystalline structure, preserving the composition of the bulk target, could be obtained by the both PLD and PED techniques. Research study showed that by a proper selection of PLD and PED process parameters it was possible to deposit films with significantly decreased amount and size of undesirably nanoparticulates.

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Rasha H. Ahmed, Abdul Majeed E. Ibrahim, and Kadhim A. Aadem. "Study of the optical proprieties of copper oxide nanoparticles prepared by PLD method." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 23, no. 10 (January 20, 2019): 72–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.v23i10.566.

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Nano CuO thin films on glass substrates were prepared at a constant temperature of (300°C), by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used on the properties of CuO films. CuO nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrates to study optical properties and formed thin films of thickness (200 nm).CuO thin flims were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements have shown that the polycrystalline CuO prepared at laser energies , includes optical transmittance and absorption measurements and energy gap of these films.

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Tabara, Tomohiro, Naoki Wakiya, Takanori Kiguchi, M. Tanaka, and Kazuo Shinozaki. "Fabrication of HfO₂ Thin Film on Si Substrate by Double-Pulse Excitation PLD." Key Engineering Materials 350 (October 2007): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.350.129.

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Thin films of HfO2 were fabricated on a p-Si(001) substrate using double pulse excitation (DPE) pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with KrF excimer and Nd:YAG lasers, and using conventional Nd:YAG laser PLD under two typical oxygen pressures (7.3 × 10-2 and 7.3 × 10-1 Pa). At 400°C or higher temperatures, the films are crystalline; at less than 400°C, they are amorphous. At higher oxygen pressures, DPE-PLD was effective against droplets. Then the surface morphology and electrical insulation properties of thin films were improved. At lower pressure, DPE-PLD was ineffective.

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Bloisi, Francesco, Mario Barra, Antonio Cassinese, and Luciano Rosario Maria Vicari. "Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Thin Film Deposition by Using Nd:YAG Laser." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/395436.

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Matrix-Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation (MAPLE) is a deposition technique, developed from Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) especially well suited for producing organic/polymeric thin films, which can take advantage from using Nd:YAG laser. Depending on the relative values of light absorption coefficients of the solvent and of the molecules to be deposited, laser energy is directly absorbed by the solvent or is transferred to it, providing a softer desorption mechanism with respect to PLD. In PLD ultraviolet laser radiation is commonly used, but in MAPLE, since easily damaged molecules are usually involved, the use of Nd:YAG laser offers the advantage to allow selecting laser wavelength from ultraviolet (266 nm or 355 nm, corresponding to 4.66 eV or 3.49 eV photon energies, resp.) to visible (532 nm, 2.33 eV) to infrared (1064 nm, 1.17 eV). In this paper, the MAPLE technique is described in details, together with a survey of current and possible future applications for both organic and biomaterial deposition taking into account the advantages of using an Nd:YAG laser. Beside other results, we have experimental confirmation that MAPLE applications are not limited to transparent molecules highly soluble in light absorbing solvent, thus allowing deposition of poorly soluble light absorbing molecules suspended in a light transparent liquid.

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H. Ahmed1, Rasha, ,. Abdul Majeed E. Ibrahim1, and Kadhim A. Aadem2. "Study of the optical proprieties of copper oxide nanoparticles prepared by PLD method." Tikrit Journal of Pure Science 23, no. 10 (January 20, 2019): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/j.v23i10.760.

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Nano CuO thin films on glass substrates were prepared at a constant temperature of (300°C), by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) using Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength and five deposition energies (400, 500, 600, 700 and 800 mJ) with fixed pulses (300 pulse and 6 Hz) was used on the properties of CuO films. CuO nanoparticles were deposited on glass substrates to study optical properties and formed thin films of thickness (200 nm).CuO thin flims were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements have shown that the polycrystalline CuO prepared at laser energies , includes optical transmittance and absorption measurements and energy gap of these films. http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.23.2018.172

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De Bonis, Angela, and Roberto Teghil. "Ultra-Short Pulsed Laser Deposition of Oxides, Borides and Carbides of Transition Elements." Coatings 10, no. 5 (May 23, 2020): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050501.

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Oxides, borides and carbides of the transition elements are materials of great interest from a technologic point of view. Many of these materials are used in the form of thin films, so several techniques are commonly used to deposit them. Among these techniques, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) performed using ultra-short pulse lasers, mainly fs lasers, presents unique characteristics in respect to PLD performed using conventional short pulse lasers. Indeed, the films deposited using fs PLD are often nanostructured, and this technique often allows the target stoichiometry to be transferred to the films. In this work, we will review the use of ultra-short PLD in the production of films obtained from transition metal oxides, borides and carbides, evidencing the advantages offered by this technique, together with the problems arising with some of the studied systems. We conclude that even if ultra-short PLD is surely one of the most important and useful deposition techniques, it also presents limits that cannot be ignored.

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ZHAO, YAFAN, CHUANZHONG CHEN, and DIANGANG WANG. "THE APPLICATION OF PULSED LASER DEPOSITION IN PRODUCING BIOACTIVE CERAMIC FILMS." Surface Review and Letters 12, no. 03 (June 2005): 401–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x05007177.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a relatively new technique for producing thin films. It presents unique advantages for the deposition of bioactive ceramics. The mechanism and characteristics of the technique PLD are introduced. Its applications and current research status in hydroxyapatite and bioglass thin films are reviewed. The effect of processing parameters of PLD, including atmosphere, substrate temperature, laser wavelength and target properties, on the structures and the properties of the hydroxyapatite film, is analyzed in detail. Future application trends are also analyzed.

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TAN, X., Y. C. ZHOU, and X. J. ZHENG. "COMPARISON OF ISLAND FORMATION BETWEEN PULSED LASER DEPOSITION AND MOLECULAR BEAM EPITAXY: A KINETIC MONTE CARLO SIMULATION." Surface Review and Letters 12, no. 04 (August 2005): 611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x05007505.

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Based on a hexagonal lattice which includes deposition, dissociation, and diffusion, we performed a kinetic Monte Carlo model to explore thin film growth via pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) within the submonolayer regime. First and second nearest-neighbor interactions calculated by the Morse potential are taken into account in this case. These simulations show that thin film deposition by PLD is markedly different from that by MBE. With PLD, as pulse duration decreases, the island density increases and the island size decreases. Similarly, at temperature T = 550 K , the scaling function for MBE is rather similar to that of the analytical prediction for a critical island size of i = 2, while the scaling function for PLD changes from an i = 1 behavior to an i = 0 behavior with the decrease in pulse duration.

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Yang, Zhibin, and Jianhua Hao. "Progress in pulsed laser deposited two-dimensional layered materials for device applications." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 4, no. 38 (2016): 8859–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc01602b.

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Recent advances of preparing two-dimensional (2D) materials by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) are presented, including deposition processes, structure and characterization. The performance of proof-of-concept electronic or optoelectronic devices based on PLD grown 2D materials is introduced.

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Ma, Liang, Xiangwei Kong, Jingjing Liang, Jinguo Li, Cong Sun, Zhibo Jin, and Zhidong Jiao. "Thermal and Mechanical Variation Analysis on Multi-Layer Thin Wall during Continuous Laser Deposition, Continuous Pulsed Laser Deposition, and Interval Pulsed Laser Deposition." Materials 15, no. 15 (July 25, 2022): 5157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15155157.

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Direct laser deposition (DLD) is widely used in precision manufacturing, but the process parameters (e.g., laser power, scanning patterns) easily lead to changes in dimensional accuracy and structural properties. Many methods have been proposed to analyze the principle of distortion and residual stress generation, but it is difficult to evaluate the involvement of temperature and stress in the process of rapid melting and solidification. In this paper, a three-dimensional finite element model is established based on thermal–mechanical relationships in multilayer DLD. Differences in temperature and residual stress between continuous laser deposition (CLD) and pulsed laser deposition (PLD) are compared with the numerical model. To validate the relationship, the temperature and residual stress values obtained by numerical simulation are compared with the values obtained by the HIOKI-LR8431 temperature logger and the Pulstec μ-X360s X-ray diffraction (XRD) instrument. The results indicate that the temperature and residual stress of the deposition part can be evaluated by the proposed simulation model. The proposed PLD process, which includes continuous pulsed laser deposition (CPLD) and interval pulsed laser deposition (IPLD), were found more effective to improve the homogeneity of temperature and residual stress than the CLD process. This study is expected to be useful in the distortion control and microstructure consistency of multilayer deposited parts.

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ZHAO, YAFAN, CHUANZHONG CHEN, MINGDA SONG, and JIAN LIU. "INFLUENCE OF THE TECHNICAL PARAMETERS ON BIOACTIVE FILMS DEPOSITED BY PULSED LASER." Surface Review and Letters 14, no. 02 (April 2007): 283–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x07009372.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD), which is a novel technique in producing thin films in the recent years, shows unique advantages for the deposition of bioactive films. Research states of the technical parameters of the pulsed laser deposited bioactive films, including substrate temperature, atmosphere pressure, energy density, wavelength, post-annealing, target, deposition rate, and thickness of the films, are systematically reviewed. Processing-microstructure-property relationships of bioactive films by pulsed laser deposition are discussed. The application prospect is pointed as well.

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Mallamaci, Michael P., James Bentley, and C. Barry Carter. "Microanalysis of silicate glass films grown on α-Al2O3 by pulsed-laser deposition." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 438–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100148022.

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Glass-oxide interfaces play important roles in developing the properties of liquid-phase sintered ceramics and glass-ceramic materials. Deposition of glasses in thin-film form on oxide substrates is a potential way to determine the properties of such interfaces directly. Pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) has been successful in growing stoichiometric thin films of multicomponent oxides. Since traditional glasses are multicomponent oxides, there is the potential for PLD to provide a unique method for growing amorphous coatings on ceramics with precise control of the glass composition. Deposition of an anorthite-based (CaAl2Si2O8) glass on single-crystal α-Al2O3 was chosen as a model system to explore the feasibility of PLD for growing glass layers, since anorthite-based glass films are commonly found in the grain boundaries and triple junctions of liquid-phase sintered α-Al2O3 ceramics.Single-crystal (0001) α-Al2O3 substrates in pre-thinned form were used for film depositions. Prethinned substrates were prepared by polishing the side intended for deposition, then dimpling and polishing the opposite side, and finally ion-milling to perforation.

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Puppala, Harsha K., Anthony T. Pelton, and Robert A. Mayanovic. "A Comparative Characterization Study of Molybdenum Oxide Thin Films Grown Using Femtosecond and Nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition." MRS Advances 1, no. 37 (2016): 2585–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2016.245.

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ABSTRACTGroup 6 transition metal oxide thin films are in large demand for photocatalysis, heterogeneous catalysis, fuel cell, battery and electronic applications. Pulsed laser deposition offers an inexpensive method for the preparation of nanostructured thin films that may be suitable for heterogeneous catalysis. We have synthesized molybdenum oxide thin films using two types of pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The first method utilizes femtosecond laser-based PLD (f-PLD) while the second method uses an excimer (nanosecond) laser-based PLD (n-PLD). The PLD films have been deposited using f-PLD and, separately, n-PLD on glass and silicon substrates and subsequently annealed to 450 °C for up to 20 hours in air using a Linkam stage. SEM, XRD and Raman spectroscopic characterization shows that the f-PLD films are substantially more textured and partially crystalline prior to annealing whereas the n-PLD-grown thin films are much smoother and predominantly amorphous. A 3-dimensional nano-crystalline structure is evident in the post-annealed f-PLD synthesized thin films, which is desirable for catalytic applications. XPS elemental analysis shows that the stoichiometry of the f-PLD and n-PLD thin films is consistent with the presence of MoO2 and MoO3. Our results are discussed in terms of thin film growth models suitable for f-PLD vs n-PLD.

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WANCHOO, SUNIL KUMAR, J. JASUDASAN, V. C. BAGWE, S. P. PAI, A. M. NARSALE, and R. PINTO. "STUDIES ON LA0.7CA0.3MNO3 - YBA2CU3O7-δ HETEROSTRUCTURES GROWN BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION TECHNIQUE." International Journal of Modern Physics B 21, no. 18n19 (July 30, 2007): 3429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979207044688.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a unique method for growing highly stoichiometric, materials in the form of epitaxial thin films. Here we discuss the optimization of deposition parameters for laser ablation of multi-component La 0.7 Ca 0.3 MnO 3- YBa 2 Cu 3 O 7-δ (LCMO-YBCO) heterostructures grown in situ by sequential deposition of LCMO and YBCO on <100> LaAlO 3 (LAO) substrates using a PLD system. We discuss the growth of these multi-layers, from the device applications point of view.

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Ajmal, Rizwan, Shakeela Bibi, Rizwan Ahmed, M. Sohail, H. Asghar, Z. A. Umar, N. Shahzad, and M. A. Baig. "The role of saturable absorbers thickness in the Q-switching of the erbium-doped fiber laser." Laser Physics Letters 20, no. 3 (January 27, 2023): 035101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1612-202x/acb3c8.

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Abstract A passively Q-switched Erbium (Er3+) doped fiber laser (EDFL) based on a ZnO saturable absorber (SA) prepared using a pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique is demonstrated. The in-situ monitoring of the thickness in the PLD system enabled the control of the SA’s thickness during the growth. The thickness of the SA was varied and the output characteristics of the fiber laser with all thicknesses are compared. This study reveals that the performance and efficiency of an EDFL including pulse repetition rates, pulse duration, pulse energy, peak power, stability, and signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by varying the thickness of the SA. Based on the thickness of the SA, the optimized results are also presented. These findings suggest that the thickness control of the SA film grown directly on the fiber ferrule facilitates much-improved EDFL that has potential applications in pulsed laser sources.

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Liu, Fu, Ying Song, Fu Ping Wang, Kaoru Igarashi, and Tadao Shimizu. "Hydroxyapatite Coatings Deposited on Titanium Substrate by Pulsed Laser Deposition." Key Engineering Materials 336-338 (April 2007): 1670–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.336-338.1670.

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Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were deposited on titanium substrate by means of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) with Nd:YAG laser. Deposition was carried out at 20 Pa of water vapor atmosphere and at room temperature. An Nd:YAG laser operating at a repetition rate of 10 HZ was used for deposition. In above deposition condition, the HA coatings deposited by PLD at room temperature are amorphous phase, and Ca/P ratio in HA coatings decreases with increasing water vapor pressure. The amorphous HA coatings were recrystallized after hydrothermal treatment at 190°C for 10 h. The bonding strength of the HA coating to the Ti substrate is up to 19.6 MPa. The structure and morphology of samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared reflection specterophotometry, scanning electron microcopy. The atomic ration of Ca and P was semiquantitatively determined by electron probe micro analyzer.

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Ogugua, Simon N., Odireleng Martin Ntwaeaborwa, and Hendrik C. Swart. "Latest Development on Pulsed Laser Deposited Thin Films for Advanced Luminescence Applications." Coatings 10, no. 11 (November 9, 2020): 1078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10111078.

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Currently, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a widely used technique to grow thin films for academic research and for industrial applications. The PLD has superior advantages including versatility, control over the growth rate, stoichiometric transfer and unlimited degree of freedom in the ablation geometry compared to other deposition techniques. The primary objective of this review is to revisit the basic operation mechanisms of the PLD and discuss recent modifications of the technique aimed at enhancing the quality of thin films. We also discussed recent progress made in the deposition parameters varied during preparation of luminescent inorganic oxide thin films grown using the PLD technique, which include, among others, the substrate temperature. The advanced technological applications and different methods for film characterization are also discussed. In particular, we pay attention to luminescence properties, thickness of the films and how different deposition parameters affect these properties. The advantages and shortcomings of the technique are outlined.

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Cheung, Jeff, and Jim Horwitz. "Pulsed Laser Deposition History and Laser-Target Interactions." MRS Bulletin 17, no. 2 (February 1992): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400040598.

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The laser, as a source of “pure” energy in the form of monochromatic and coherent photons, is enjoying ever increasing popularity in diverse and broad applications from drilling micron-sized holes on semiconductor devices to guidance systems used in drilling a mammoth tunnel under the English Channel. In many areas such as metallurgy, medical technology, and the electronics industry, it has become an irreplaceable tool.Like many other discoveries, the various applications of the laser were not initially defined but were consequences of natural evolution led by theoretical studies. Shortly after the demonstration of the first laser, the most intensely studied theoretical topics dealt with laser beam-solid interactions. Experiments were undertaken to verify different theoretical models for this process. Later, these experiments became the pillars of many applications. Figure 1 illustrates the history of laser development from its initial discovery to practical applications. In this tree of evolution, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) is only a small branch. It remained relatively obscure for a long time. Only in the last few years has his branch started to blossom and bear fruits in thin film deposition.Conceptually and experimentally, PLD is extremely simple, probably the simplest among all thin film growth techniques. Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of this technique. It uses pulsed laser radiation to vaporize materials and to deposit thin films in a vacuum chamber. However, the beam-solid interaction that leads to evaporation/ablation is a very complex physical phenomenon. The theoretical description of the mechanism is multidisciplinary and combines equilibrium and nonequilibrium processes. The impact of a laser beam on the surface of a solid material, electromagnetic energy is converted first into electronic excitation and then into thermal, chemical, and even mechanical energy to cause evaporation, ablation, excitation, and plasma formation.

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Vila-Fungueiriño, José Manuel, Beatriz Rivas-Murias, Juan Rubio-Zuazo, Adrian Carretero-Genevrier, Massimo Lazzari, and Francisco Rivadulla. "Polymer assisted deposition of epitaxial oxide thin films." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 15 (2018): 3834–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc00626a.

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Chemical solution methods for thin-film deposition constitute an affordable alternative to high-vacuum physical technologies, like Sputtering, Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) or Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE).

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Khakani, M. A. El, B. Le Drogoff, and M. Chaker. "Effect of the deposition temperature on the properties of iridium thin films grown by means of pulsed laser deposition." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 8 (August 1999): 3241–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0438.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) of Ir thin films has been achieved by ablating an iridium target with a KrF excimer laser. The iridium deposition rate was investigated, over the (0.4–2) × 109 W/cm2 laser intensity range, and found to reach its maximum at (1.6 ± 0.1) × 109 W/cm2. At this laser intensity, the PLD Ir films were deposited at substrate deposition temperatures ranging from 20 to 600 °C. The PLD Ir films exhibited a (111) preferentially oriented polycrystalline structure with their average grain size increasing from about 10 to 30 nm as the deposition temperature was raised from 20 to 600 °C. Their mean surface microroughness (Ra) was found to change from an average value of about 1 nm in the 20–400 °C temperature range to a value of about 4.5 nm at 600 °C. As the deposition temperature is varied from 20 to 600 °C, not only does the stress of PLD Ir films change drastically from highly compressive (−2.5 GPa) to tensile (+0.8 GPa), but their room-temperature resistivity also gradually decreases in the 20–400 °C range and stabilizes for higher temperatures. In the 400–600 °C range, the resistivity of PLD Ir films was as low as 6.0 ± 0.2 μΩ cm, which is very close to the iridium bulk value of 5.1 μΩ cm. Thus, PLD Ir films exhibiting not only the lowest resistivity but also a nearly zero stress level can be grown at a deposition temperature of about 400 °C. The resistivity of the PLD Ir films can be described by a grain boundary scattering model.

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Moise, Călin, Lidar Rachmani, Geanina Mihai, Oana Lazar, Marius Enăchescu, and Naum Naveh. "Pulsed Laser Deposition of SWCNTs on Carbon Fibres: Effect of Deposition Temperature." Polymers 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2021): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071138.

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Single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) were grown on either sized or desized carbon fabric in a self-designed reactor by Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD). The uniqueness of the PLD system lies, among other things, in the ability to keep the substrate at a low temperature, compared to the 1100 °C needed for the SWCNTs synthesis, thus, rendering it undamaged. Samples were placed at different positions on a cold finger (CF), where a temperature gradient develops, in the range 25–565 °C. The chemical composition and morphology of desized and surface treatments, as well as SWCNTs grown on carbon fibres, were verified by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) equipped with Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy (EDX), while the quality of SWCNTs was proven by confocal micro-Raman Spectroscopy and High-Resolution Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-STEM). Fibres covered with SWCNTs by PLD were characterized using contact angle and the surface free energy was calculated. A micro-droplet pull-out test was used to evaluate the effect of SWCNTs over interfacial properties of a carbon-epoxy composite. A 20% increase in interfacial shear strength (IFSS) was observed by deposition at 290 °C, compared to the commercial carbon fibre sizing. The carbon fibres kept their tensile properties due to the low deposition temperatures.

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Irimiciuc, Stefan Andrei, Sergii Chertopalov, Jan Lancok, and Valentin Craciun. "Langmuir Probe Technique for Plasma Characterization during Pulsed Laser Deposition Process." Coatings 11, no. 7 (June 25, 2021): 762. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11070762.

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The history of pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and transient plasmas generated by laser ablation is intertwined with the development of various techniques for its fundamental understanding. Some diagnostic tools have been developed to better suit the rapid transient nature of the plasma (space and time dependence of all parameters, fast decay and complex chemistry inside the plasma), whereas others have been adapted from basic plasma physics studies. Langmuir probe method has been used as a real-time in situ diagnostic tool for laser ablation and later for PLD. It remains a useful tool for the PLD community arsenal, which can easily be adapted to the development of new lasers and ablation regimes and new deposition configuration, being one of the most versatile techniques for plasma diagnostics. It is the cornerstone on which charge particles are analyzed and has led to several important discoveries, such as multiple peak distribution, selective acceleration during expansion, plume splitting, plasma turbulences and fluctuations. However, because the Langmuir probe theory adaptation from classical plasma physics is not straightforward, it might lead to misinterpretation and often incorrect analysis of data. This review analyzes the limits and understanding of the technique as a foundation for attaining its full potential, which can impact the way PLD is used. This is especially useful for the pressing need of real-time, in-situ diagnostics and feedback loops for systematic semi-industrial implementation of the PLD technique.

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Duta, Liviu, and Ion N. Mihailescu. "Advances and Challenges in Pulsed Laser Deposition for Complex Material Applications." Coatings 13, no. 2 (February 8, 2023): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020393.

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Various physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques, such as molecular beam epitaxy, electron beam physical vapor deposition, pulsed laser deposition (PLD), arc discharge, magnetron sputtering and/or ion beam sputtering, are currently used for coating or growing thin films on solid substrates [...]

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Fiat Varol, Songül, Derya Şahin, Michael Kompitsas, and Güven Çankaya. "The impact of different ZnO growth methods on the electrical and optical properties of a n-ZnO/p-GaN:Mg/c-plane sapphire UV LED." RSC Adv. 4, no. 26 (2014): 13593–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00222a.

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Hu, Juguang, Huabin Tang, Xiaodong Lin, Zhongkuan Luo, Huiqun Cao, Qiwen Li, Yi Liu, Jinghua Long, and Pei Wang. "Doped Titanium Dioxide Films Prepared by Pulsed Laser Deposition Method." International Journal of Photoenergy 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/758539.

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TiO2was intensively researched especially for photocatalystic applications. The nitrogen-doped TiO2films prepared by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method were reviewed, and some recent new experimental results were also presented in this paper. A new optical transmission method for evaluating the photocatalystic activity was presented. The main results are (1) PLD method is versatile for preparing oxide material or complex component films with excellent controllability and high reproducibility. (2) Anatase nitrogen-doped TiO2films were prepared at room temperature, 200°C, and 400°C by PLD method using novel ceramic target of mixture of TiN and TiO2. UV/Vis spectra, AFM, Raman spectra, and photocatalystic activity for decomposition of methyl orange (MO) tests showed that visible light response was improved at higher temperature. (3) The automatic, continuous optical transmission autorecorder method is suitable for detecting the photodecomposition dynamic process of organic compound.

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Soni, Ankit, Komal Mulchandani, and K. R. Mavani. "UV activated visible-blind Ga:ZnO photodetectors using the GLAD technique: a comparative study in different gas atmospheres and temperatures." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 8, no. 23 (2020): 7837–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tc00990c.

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Effects of various gas adsorbates on deep-UV photo-sensing of crystalline and porous ZnO and Ga:ZnO nanostructures produced by Glancing Angle Deposition (GLAD)-assisted pulsed laser deposition (PLD) method.

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Lysne, Hogne, Thomas Brakstad, Morten Kildemo, and Turid Reenaas. "Improved methods for design of PLD and combinatorial PLD films." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 12 (September 28, 2022): 125301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0105298.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a powerful technique for prototyping thin film materials, both single component (single composition) films and films with a varying composition (e.g., lateral continuous compositional spread, CCS). In this work, we improve one of the simulation methods used to design the deposition of PLD films: We extend the mathematical model for the material spread on the substrate, [Formula: see text], for each laser pulse hitting the target, and we use a more accurate method to determine [Formula: see text] experimentally. The deposition of the material on the substrate is simulated by repetitively adding [Formula: see text], from one or more targets, at the selected location on the substrate. Using the new model, a high agreement between the simulated and grown films’ thickness and composition across the substrate was obtained. The basis for the high agreement is the use of variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry to carefully determine [Formula: see text] by measuring at 794 locations on the 50.8 mm (2 in.) diameter substrates. Factors, such as variation in optical properties and porosity across the plume/calibration films, were considered in the determination of the thicknesses. As test cases, we simulated and deposited (single component) [Formula: see text] thin films and (CCS) [Formula: see text] films doped with Cr and N, deposited on 50.8 mm diameter Si wafers. The modeling and simulations are implemented in an open-source Python library, pyPLD.

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Carradò, Adele, Hervé Pelletier, Jacques Faerber, Gilles Versini, and Ion N. Mihailescu. "Pulsed Laser Deposition of Thin Coatings: Applications on Biomaterials." Materials Science Forum 638-642 (January 2010): 530–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.638-642.530.

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We report results on Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) of ceramic thin films for biomedical applica-tions. The coating of metallic implants with bioceramic thin films (e.g. calcium phosphates, in particular hydroxyapatite) has been proposed as a solution for combining the mechanical properties of the metallic material with the bioactive character of the ceramic layer, leading to a better integration of the entire implant with the newly remodelled bone. Other bioceramics (as e.g. alumina) exhibit a high degree of chemical inertness under physiological conditions, excellent wear resistance, ability to be polished to a high surface finish and excellent hardness as coating. Among the different methods to obtain ceramic coatings that have been widely used so far, PLD was focusing interest due to its versatility and controllability, the aptitude to synthesize and deposit uniform films, with an accurate control of the stoichiometry and crystallinity. We investigated the micro-structural and mechanical characteristics of PLD bioceramic coatings on metal substrate. Various microscopic observations and mechanical characterisations by nanoindentation and scratch tests were used in order to connect the mechanical response to the microstructure of the coatings. Our studies revealed that the pulsed-laser deposition technique appears to be a competitive candidate in biomedical applications as an extremely versatile technology

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Rzaij, Jamal M. "Characterization of CuO thin films for gas sensing applications." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 14, no. 31 (January 13, 2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v14i31.167.

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Nanostructural cupric oxide (CuO) films were prepared on Si and glass substrate by pulsed laser deposition technique (PLD) using laser Nd:YAG, using different laser pulses energies from 200 to 600 mJ. The X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the films showed a polycrystalline structure with a monoclinic symmetry and preferred orientation toward (111) plane with nano structure. The crystallite size was increasing with increasing of laser pulse energy. Optical properties was characterized by using UV–vis spectrometer in the wave lengthrange (200-1100) nm at room temperature. The results showed that the transmission spectrum decreases with the laser pulses energy increase. Sensitivity of NO2 gas at different operating temperatures, (50°C, 100°C, 150°C and 200°C) was calculated.

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Taha, Samar, Samer Y. Al-Dabag, Sudad S. Ahmed, and Wasan J. Taher. "TiO2- CuI Nanoparticle /Ru Solid State Dye-Sensitize Solar Cells." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY 12, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 3971–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jac.v12i2.2154.

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In this work solid state dye sensitized solar cell (SSDSSC) type (ITO / TiO2/ Ru / CuI / Ag) is fabricated. The thin films are prepared by pulse laser deposition (PLD) technique under the vacuum pressure of 3×10−3 mbar and annelid at 450 oC. In this technique Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength with (200 , 500 , 800) pulsed was used. It was noticed from (I-V) characteristics of the solar cell that the photocurrent collected from the TiO2 (NP) is increase as the number of laser pulses increase. The conversion efficiency of TiO2 is increased from 2.115% up to 5.654% and for CuI from 1.73 % to 5.19 % when the number of pulses increase from 200 up to 800.

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Cutroneo, Mariapompea, Lorenzo Torrisi, Letteria Silipigni, Vladimir Havranek, Anna Mackova, Petr Malinsky, Romana Miksova, et al. "Laminated Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Foil by Pulsed Laser Deposition." Coatings 13, no. 3 (March 10, 2023): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13030596.

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A cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) is a thermoplastic polymer endowed with glass-like optical transparency, unique biocompatibility, low autofluorescence, good chemical stability, and excellent water vapor barriers. COC is a promising new material for optics, medical devices, nanotechnology, and microelectronics. The applicability of the COC depends on its modification through different techniques from plasma treatment to lithography. Presently, pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is employed to deposit an aluminum thin film on selected areas of the COC surface. The study of the wettability, morphology, composition, and optical characteristics of both pristine and modified COC has been evaluated by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies, the sessile drop method, and UV/ViS optical spectroscopy. The prospective recycling of the COC deposited by PLD is proposed.

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Hamed, Esraa K. "Laser energy effect on the properties of ZnS thin films prepared by PLD technique." Iraqi Journal of Physics (IJP) 11, no. 21 (February 24, 2019): 84–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.30723/ijp.v11i21.371.

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Zinc sulfide (ZnS) thin films were deposited on glass substrates using pulsed laser deposition technique. The laser used is the Q-switched Nd: YAG laser with 1064nm wavelength and 1Hz pulse repetition rate and varying laser energy 700mJ-1000mJ with 25 pulse. The substrate temperature was kept constant at 100°C. The structural, morphological and optical properties of ZnS thin films were characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM) and UV-VIS spectrophotometer.

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Axente, Emanuel, Livia Elena Sima, and Felix Sima. "Biomimetic Coatings Obtained by Combinatorial Laser Technologies." Coatings 10, no. 5 (May 9, 2020): 463. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050463.

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The modification of implant devices with biocompatible coatings has become necessary as a consequence of premature loosening of prosthesis. This is caused mainly by chronic inflammation or allergies that are triggered by implant wear, production of abrasion particles, and/or release of metallic ions from the implantable device surface. Specific to the implant tissue destination, it could require coatings with specific features in order to provide optimal osseointegration. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) became a well-known physical vapor deposition technology that has been successfully applied to a large variety of biocompatible inorganic coatings for biomedical prosthetic applications. Matrix assisted pulsed laser evaporation (MAPLE) is a PLD-derived technology used for depositions of thin organic material coatings. In an attempt to surpass solvent related difficulties, when different solvents are used for blending various organic materials, combinatorial MAPLE was proposed to grow thin hybrid coatings, assembled in a gradient of composition. We review herein the evolution of the laser technological process and capabilities of growing thin bio-coatings with emphasis on blended or multilayered biomimetic combinations. These can be used either as implant surfaces with enhanced bioactivity for accelerating orthopedic integration and tissue regeneration or combinatorial bio-platforms for cancer research.

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ZHAO, YAFAN, CHUANZHONG CHEN, LUBIN CHEN, and QUANHE BAO. "DEVELOPMENT OF PREPARATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL THIN FILMS BY PULSED LASER DEPOSITION." Surface Review and Letters 12, no. 04 (August 2005): 597–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x05007487.

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Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) exhibits unique advantages for the preparation of functional thin films which are widely used in microelectronics, photoelectrons, integrate circuits, superconductors and biomedical fields. The principle of and the characteristics of PLD are introduced, its applications in ferroelectrics, high-temperature superconductors, diamond-like and superlattices. The future application trend is reviewed.

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Yang, Hui, Wenliang Wang, Zuolian Liu, Weijiang Yang, and Guoqiang Li. "Epitaxial growth mechanism of pulsed laser deposited AlN films on Si (111) substrates." CrystEngComm 16, no. 15 (2014): 3148–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3ce42378f.

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Ohnishi, T., B. T. Hang, X. Xu, M. Osada, and K. Takada. "Quality control of epitaxial LiCoO2 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition." Journal of Materials Research 25, no. 10 (October 2010): 1886–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2010.0250.

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Thin films of c-axis-oriented LiCoO2 were epitaxially grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD). The ablation laser conditions greatly affect the crystal quality of the epitaxial LiCoO2 thin films. In addition, high-quality LiCoO2 thin films were found to grow without any impurity phases under relatively low oxygen partial pressure, although high pressure had been often selected to suppress the formation of Co3O4 with a lower valence state as an impurity. This result clearly indicates that the ablation laser conditions are an essential growth parameter, and that composition control is indispensable to grow high-quality complex compound thin films by PLD.

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Cesaria, Maura, Marco Mazzeo, Gianluca Quarta, Muhammad Rizwan Aziz, Concetta Nobile, Sonia Carallo, Maurizio Martino, Lucio Calcagnile, and Anna Paola Caricato. "Pulsed Laser Deposition of CsPbBr3 Films: Impact of the Composition of the Target and Mass Distribution in the Plasma Plume." Nanomaterials 11, no. 12 (November 26, 2021): 3210. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11123210.

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All-inorganic cesium lead bromine (CsPbBr3) perovskites have gained a tremendous potential in optoelectronics due to interesting photophysical properties and much better stability than the hybrid counterparts. Although pulsed laser deposition (PLD) is a promising alternative to solvent-based and/or thermal deposition approaches due to its versatility in depositing multi-elemental materials, deep understanding of the implications of both target composition and PLD mechanisms on the properties of CsPbBr3 films is still missing. In this paper, we deal with thermally assisted preparation of mechano-chemically synthesized CsPbBr3 ablation targets to grow CsPbBr3 films by PLD at the fluence 2 J/cm2. We study both Cs rich- and stoichiometric PbBr2-CsBr mixture-based ablation targets and point out compositional deviations of the associated films resulting from the mass distribution of the PLD-generated plasma plume. Contrary to the conventional meaning that PLD guarantees congruent elemental transfer from the target to the substrate, our study demonstrates cation off-stoichiometry of PLD-grown CsPbBr3 films depending on composition and thermal treatment of the ablation target. The implications of the observed enrichment in the heavier element (Pb) and deficiency in the lighter element (Br) of the PLD-grown films are discussed in terms of optical response and with the perspective of providing operative guidelines and future PLD-deposition strategies of inorganic perovskites.

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Beltrano, Joseph J., Lorenzo Torrisi, Anna Maria Visco, Nino Campo, and E. Rapisarda. "Pulsed Laser Deposition (PLD) Technique to Prepare Biocompatible Thin Films." Advances in Science and Technology 49 (October 2006): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ast.49.56.

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A Nd:YAG laser is employed to ablate different materials useful in the bio-medical field. The laser source operates in the IR (1064 nm), VIS (532 nm) and UV (355 nm) regions with a pulse duration of 3-9 ns, a pulse energy of 3-300 mJ, a spot size of 1 mm2 and a repetition rate of 1- 30 Hz. Target material of interest are Titanium, Carbon, Hydroxyapatite (HA) and Polyethylene (PE). Laser irradiation occurs in vacuum, where hot plasma is generated, and thin films are deposited on near substrates. Generally, substrates of silicon, titanium, titanium-alloys and polymers were employed. Biocompatible thin films are investigated with different surface techniques, such as IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD analysis and SEM investigations. Depending of the kind of possible application, films require special properties concerning the grain size, porosity, uniformity, wetting, hardness, adhesion, crystallinity and composition. The obtained results will be presented and discussed with particular regard to HA..

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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulsed laser deposition (PLD)'

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