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Journal articles on the topic 'Pulses needle beams'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 18 February 2022

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1

Pushilina, Natalia, Ekaterina Stepanova, Andrey Stepanov, and Maxim Syrtanov. "Surface Modification of the EBM Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Pulsed Ion Beam." Metals 11, no. 3 (2021): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11030512.

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The effect of surface modification of Ti-6Al-4V samples manufactured by electron beam melting (EBM) using a pulsed carbon ion beam is studied in the present work. Based on the results of XRD, SEM, and TEM analysis, patterns of changes in the microstructure and phase composition of the EBM Ti-6Al-4V alloy, depending on the number of pulses of pulsed ion beam exposure, are revealed. It was found that gradient microstructure is formed as a result of pulsed ion beam irradiation of the EBM Ti-6Al-4V samples. The microstructure of the surface layer up to 300 nm thick is represented by the (α + α”) p

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Margier, Marielle, Stéphane Georgé, Noureddine Hafnaoui, et al. "Nutritional Composition and Bioactive Content of Legumes: Characterization of Pulses Frequently Consumed in France and Effect of the Cooking Method." Nutrients 10, no. 11 (2018): 1668. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111668.

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Pulses display nutritional benefits and are recommended in sustainable diets. Indeed, they are rich in proteins and fibers, and can contain variable amounts of micronutrients. However, pulses also contain bioactive compounds such as phytates, saponins, or polyphenols/tannins that can exhibit ambivalent nutritional properties depending on their amount in the diet. We characterized the nutritional composition and bioactive compound content of five types of prepared pulses frequently consumed in France (kidney beans, white beans, chickpeas, brown and green lentils, flageolets), and specifically c

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Palmer, Shelly, Donna Winham, Ann Oberhauser, and Ruth Litchfield. "Socio-Ecological Barriers to Dry Grain Pulse Consumption among Low-Income Women: A Mixed Methods Approach." Nutrients 10, no. 8 (2018): 1108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10081108.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the socio-ecological influences on dry grain pulse consumption (beans, peas, lentils, chickpeas) among low-socioeconomic women in Iowa. Seven focus groups were conducted, with 36 women who qualified for income-based federal assistance. Data were collected from October 2017 to January 2018. Participants completed a survey that gathered individual demographics, assessed perceptions of dry grain pulses, and level of food security. Fifty-eight percent of the women were non-Hispanic white, and 39% were African American, all with an average age of 34.7 year

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CLARKE, N., L. D'ADDARIO, R. NAVARRO, and J. TRINH. "A MULTI-BEAM RADIO TRANSIENT DETECTOR WITH REAL-TIME DE-DISPERSION OVER A WIDE DM RANGE." Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation 03, no. 01 (2014): 1450004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2251171714500044.

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Isolated, short dispersed pulses of radio emission of unknown origin have been reported and there is strong interest in wide-field, sensitive searches for such events. To achieve high sensitivity, large collecting area is needed and dispersion due to the interstellar medium should be removed. To survey a large part of the sky in reasonable time, a telescope that forms multiple simultaneous beams is desirable. We have developed a novel FPGA-based transient search engine that is suitable for these circumstances. It accepts short-integration-time spectral power measurements from each beam of the

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Mudryj, Adriana N., Nancy Yu, and Harold M. Aukema. "Nutritional and health benefits of pulses." Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 39, no. 11 (2014): 1197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0557.

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Pulses (beans, peas, and lentils) have been consumed for at least 10 000 years and are among the most extensively used foods in the world. A wide variety of pulses can be grown globally, making them important both economically as well as nutritionally. Pulses provide protein and fibre, as well as a significant source of vitamins and minerals, such as iron, zinc, folate, and magnesium, and consuming half a cup of beans or peas per day can enhance diet quality by increasing intakes of these nutrients. In addition, the phytochemicals, saponins, and tannins found in pulses possess antioxidant and

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LEE, EDWARD P., and JOHN J. BARNARD. "Bends and momentum dispersion during final compression in heavy ion fusion drivers." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 4 (2002): 581–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602204152.

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Between the accelerator and fusion chamber, the heavy ion beams are subject to a dramatic but vital series of manipulations, some of which are carried out simultaneously and involve large space charge forces. The beams' quality must be maintained at a level sufficient for the fusion application; this general requirement significantly impacts beam line design, especially in the considerations of momentum dispersion. Immediately prior to final focus onto a fusion target, heavy ion driver beams are compressed in length by typically an order of magnitude. This process is simultaneous with bending

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7

CARUSO, A., and C. STRANGIO. "Studies on nonconventional high-gain target design for ICF." Laser and Particle Beams 19, no. 2 (2001): 295–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034601192190.

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This paper reports some of the studies on nonconventional ICF approaches performed at the ICF Physics and Technology Laboratory of the AEEF in Frascati, Italy. Having as reference potential difficulties associated to the conventional central spark ignition (fuel mixing) and to the usual approach to fast ignition by laser (transfer and coupling of the energy pulse, fast electrons energy tuning), we have made explorative work on possible alternatives. The performances of targets ignited near stagnation by pulses of heavy ion beams (HIB) or by macroparticle impact were previously studied. The nee

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LUITEN, O. J., B. J. CLAESSENS, S. B. VAN DER GEER, M. P. REIJNDERS, G. TABAN, and E. J. D. VREDENBREGT. "ULTRACOLD ELECTRON SOURCES." International Journal of Modern Physics A 22, no. 22 (2007): 3882–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x07037494.

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Ultra-cold plasmas with electron temperatures of ~10 K can be created by photo-ionization just above threshold of a cloud of laser-cooled atoms. Recently it was shown 7 by GPT particle tracking simulations that an ultra-cold plasma has an enormous potential as a pulsed bright electron source. Here we discuss these results in the framework of normalized 6D brightness, which allows us to make a proper comparison both with the performance of pulsed, radio-frequency photo-emission sources and with the performance of continuous, needle-like field-emission sources. In addition we speculate on the po

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9

Soetaert, Maarten, Koen Chiers, Luc Duchateau, Hans Polet, Bart Verschueren, and Annemie Decostere. "Determining the safety range of electrical pulses for two benthic invertebrates: brown shrimp (Crangon crangon L.) and ragworm (Alitta virens S.)." ICES Journal of Marine Science 72, no. 3 (2014): 973–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsu176.

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Abstract Pulse trawling is currently the most promising alternative for conventional beam trawls targeting sole and shrimp, meeting both the fisher's aspirations and the need for more environmentally friendly fishing techniques. Before electrotrawling can be further developed and implemented on a wider scale, however, more information is needed about the effects of electrical pulses on marine organisms. The organisms used in the present experiments were brown shrimp (Crangon crangon L.) and king ragworm (Alita virens S.) as model species for crustaceans and polychaetes, respectively. These ani

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Futakawa, Masatoshi. "Proton Bombardment in Mercury Target for Neutron Production - Impact Dynamics on Interface between Liquid and Solid Metals." Applied Mechanics and Materials 566 (June 2014): 26–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.566.26.

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Innovative researches using neutrons are being performed at the Materials & Life Science Experimental Facility (MLF) in the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), in which a mercury target system is installed as MW-class pulse spallation neutron sources. In order to produce neutrons by the spallation reaction, proton beams are injected into the mercury target. At the moment when the intense proton beam hits the target, pressure waves are generated in mercury because of abrupt heat deposition. The pressure waves interact with the target vessel leading to negative pressure that

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Konečný, Petr, Václav Veselý, Petr Lehner, Daniel Pieszka, and Libor Žídek. "Investigation of Selected Physical Parameters of Cementitious Composite during Sequential Fracture Test." Advanced Materials Research 969 (June 2014): 228–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.969.228.

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The paper is focusing on the investigation of the effective crack length obtained from bending test on concrete notched beams with the complementary measurements of ultrasound passing time through the tested concrete specimen. The ultrasound passing time measurements are performed on several stages of the fracture process along the specimen ligament for each tested notched beam. Gained results of the time of ultrasound pulse needed to pass through specimens' failure zone, i.e. its dependence on the crack length or opening, provide information which may help to identify the process of crack for

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Sęk, Piotr. "Experimental studies on the possibility of using a pulsed laser for spot welding of thin metallic foils." Open Engineering 10, no. 1 (2020): 674–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/eng-2020-0076.

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AbstractThe purpose of the experiment was to study the influence of the laser beam in pulse mode on metallic foils in order to obtain a spot weld. The welding process was carried out using the overlap weld method, using spot welds in various quantities. The Nd - YAG BLS 720 pulsed laser was used to conduct the experiment. The impact of the number of spot welds on the value of force needed to break the sample was examined. A number of measurements were carried out to determine the best process parameters. Butt welding and overlap welding were also performed using a continuous weld consisting of

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Barends, Thomas, Thomas A. White, Anton Barty, et al. "Effects of self-seeding and crystal post-selection on the quality of Monte Carlo-integrated SFX data." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 22, no. 3 (2015): 644–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515005184.

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Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is an emerging method for data collection at free-electron lasers (FELs) in which single diffraction snapshots are taken from a large number of crystals. The partial intensities collected in this way are then combined in a scheme called Monte Carlo integration, which provides the full diffraction intensities. However, apart from having to perform this merging, the Monte Carlo integration must also average out all variations in crystal quality, crystal size, X-ray beam properties and other factors, necessitating data collection from thousands of crystals

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14

Ham, Seung Sik, and Ho Lee. "Development of Method Enhanced Laser Ablation Efficiency According to Fine Curvature of the Polymer through the Preliminary Preparation Process Using UV Picosecond Laser." Polymers 12, no. 4 (2020): 959. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12040959.

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In processes using the ultrashort pulsed laser, the phenomenon that the ablation efficiency is reduced due to the increase of the shielding effect of the generated plume is increasingly caused by the use of the high power and high repetition rate. A new method is needed to prevent a decrease in ablation efficiency in processing using an ultrashort pulsed laser. In this study, the proposed a processing method that can improve the ablation efficiency by providing an efficient escape path of plume, and examine the feasibility of a new processing method. The new method we proposed is a method of l

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15

van Borkulo, Jeroen, Richard van der Stam, and Guido Knippels. "Multi Beam Full Cut Dicing of Thin Si IC Wafers." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, DPC (2015): 001446–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2015dpc-wp21.

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The ongoing trend to thinner wafers which are needed for continuous miniaturization, 3D packaging and IC performance, inevitably means that sole blade dicing evolution is coming to an end. Over the last years several technologies to handle the separation process of thin Si wafer dicing have been evaluated (DBG, Stealth, Plasma, etc). Although they are capable for certain applications to meet the process specifications, they achieve this at expense of flexibility, productivity and process costs. ALSI, the inventor of multi beam dicing for semiconductor materials, has developed a technology usin

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16

Enomoto, Masatoshi, Sadao Kokubo, and Kazuhiro Nakata. "Surface Treatment of Aluminum Alloy with Laser Irradition to Increase Wear Resistance." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 404–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.404.

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Laser irradiating process with Nd-YAG laser is investigated in order to improve the adhesion and wear resistance of low pressure plasma sprayed layer on the surface of aluminum extruded shape using the atomized powder of Al-50mass%Fe, Al-15mass%Fe-17mass%Si and Al-50mass%Si. The effect of pulse energy of laser beam on the microstructure, micro hardness and wearing rate of these laser irradiated layers are evaluated. Laser irradiated layers have appeared more smooth surface and better adhesion than as sprayed layer. Depth profile of micro hardness where laser irradiated is respectively kept con

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17

Roy, Amitava, R. Menon, Vishnu Sharma, Ankur Patel, Archana Sharma, and D. P. Chakravarthy. "Features of 200 kV, 300 ns reflex triode vircator operation for different explosive emission cathodes." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 1 (2012): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303461200095x.

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AbstractTo study the effect of explosive field emission cathodes on high power microwave generation, experiments were conducted on a reflex triode virtual cathode oscillator. Experimental results with cathodes made of graphite, stainless steel nails, and carbon fiber (needle type) are presented. The experiments have been performed at the 1 kJ Marx generator (200 kV, 300 ns, and 9 kA). The experimentally obtained electron beam diode perveance has been compared with the one-dimensional Child-Langmuir law. The cathode plasma expansion velocity has been calculated from the perveance data. It was f

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18

Morgan, Dane V., Mike Grover, Don Macy, Mike Madlener, Gerald Stevens, and William D. Turley. "Observations of shock-loaded tin and zirconium surfaces with single-pulse X-ray diffraction." Powder Diffraction 25, no. 2 (2010): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1154/1.3402838.

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A single-pulse X-ray diffraction (XRD) diagnostic has been developed for the investigation of shocked material properties on a very short time scale. The diagnostic, which consists of a 37-stage Marx bank high-voltage pulse generator coupled to a needle-and-washer electron beam diode via coaxial cable, produces line-and-bremsstrahlung X-ray emission in a 40 ns pulse. The molybdenum anode produces 0.71 Å characteristic Kα lines used for diffraction. The X-ray beam passes through a pinhole collimator and is incident on the sample with an approximately 2 mm×5 mm spot and 1° full width at half max

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Andre, M., C. Bayer, D. Babonneau, et al. "ICF-related experiments at CEL-V." Laser and Particle Beams 10, no. 4 (1992): 557–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460000450x.

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Implosion experiments performed at Centre d'Etudes de Limeil-Valenton in the indirect drive scheme using the two-beams Nd:glass laser facility Phebus at the energy level = 6 kJ (blue light) are presented. A final density of compressed DT close to 100 ρ0 has been obtained; it has been deduced from radiochemistry of the activated silicon atoms in the pusher. The best irradiance uniformity on the microballoon was evaluated to = 15% rms. Phebus has also been equipped with an optical fiber oscillator to study the effect of a smoothing technique on coupling processes: It appeared that at 0·53 μm abs

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GUO, YU, and RONG-SHENG QU. "QUANTUM TELEPORTATION FROM LIGHT TO ATOMIC BOSE–EINSTEIN CONDENSATE." Modern Physics Letters B 24, no. 10 (2010): 937–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984910022986.

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An optical scheme of the quantum teleportation of superposed coherent states from light pulse to the atoms in Bose–Einstein condensate in terms of optical elements is presented. Beam splitters, photodetectors, cross-Kerr medium, and coherent state sources are needed in this scheme. The probability of successful teleportation is also obtained.

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Sharip, N., M. R. Sahar Y. Daud, and A. R. Tamuri. "The Pumping Parameters for Er-Doped Tellurite Glass." Advanced Materials Research 895 (February 2014): 375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.895.375.

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Erbium doped tellurite glass rod of the 78.5 TeO2 20 ZnO 1.5 Er2O3 where has successfully been fabricated as lasing medium and have been investigated by means of their properties needed in lasing application. The external triggering method is used to generate high peak current in several microsecond pulse duration. The external triggering circuit design consists of power supply, discharge capacitor, control unit, pulse forming network and ignition circuit. This driver operates in single mode pulse that can be adjusted corresponding to the controller which can vary from 650V to 1000V. The opera

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Dyson, A., and A. E. Dangor. "Laser beat wave acceleration of particles." Laser and Particle Beams 9, no. 2 (1991): 619–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600003621.

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The laser beat wave programs at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory and Ecole Polytechnique are reviewed. The techniques used to generate by multiphoton ionization the highly uniform plasmas needed for the beat wave are described. Evidence of the generation of a 2% plasma wave using laser beams at 1.064 and 1.053 μm is presented. The plasma wave suffers damping, possibly by the modulational instability. The use of a high-power short laser pulse for plasma-wave generation by the wake-field process is discussed. This process has the advantage that there is no resonance as in the beat wave, and since

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Balleg, Sana M., Iman M. Amesawi, and Abtisam A. Alakrout. "PRIMARY INVESTIGATION ON POTENTIAL INTERACTION OF AN ER: YAG LASER SYSTEM WITH SKIN." Scientific Journal of Applied Sciences of Sabratha University 3, no. 2 (2020): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47891/sabujas.v3i2.53-61.

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Lasers are becoming widely used in medicine due to their beneficial effects such as: coagulation properties (less postoperative bleeding). As an alternative, lasers produce invisible infrared light at a wavelength of 2.940 nm which is ideal for absorption by hydroxylapatite and water. Therefore, they can be used for the treatment of both soft and hard tissues. The aim of this study is to investigate the interaction between the laser systems with power 15 W and pulse repletion rate up to 1 KHz on chicken skin at various irradiation parameters with distance 10 cm. A beam delivery unit, a focusin

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Azizi, N., H. Hora, G. H. Miley, B. Malekynia, M. Ghoranneviss, and X. He. "Threshold for laser driven block ignition for fusion energy from hydrogen boron-11." Laser and Particle Beams 27, no. 2 (2009): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034609000263.

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AbstractControlled fusion energy from burning hydrogen with boron-11 is of interest because no neutrons are produced. Following the scheme of ignition by spherical irradiation by laser or particle beams, one has to deal with exorbitant conditions of densities and input energies. A new approach following the scheme of block ignition with laser pulses of picosecond (ps) duration and more than petawatt (PW) power led to the possibility of plane geometry irradiation of the fuel using the anomalous effect of block ignition for deuterium tritium (DT) based on updated conditions for the initial compu

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Schneider, M. B., R. Mancini, K. Widmann, et al. "An overview of EBIT data needed for experiments on laser-producedplasmas." Canadian Journal of Physics 86, no. 1 (2008): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p07-179.

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Data produced by an electron beam ion trap (EBIT) can be crucial for interpreting spectra from plasmas created by long-pulse lasers. Four example spectra are considered: (i) the spectra from the hot gold plasma in the laser deposition region of a hot hohlraum, (ii) the He-β spectra from an argon-doped imploding core of an inertial confinement fusion capsule, (iii) the polarization in spectral lines produced by hot electrons generated by laser-plasma parametric instabilities, and (iv) the spectra of the underdense plasma from an aerogel X-ray source. The EBIT data needed for these cases are: (i

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Tozar, Tatiana, Mihai Boni, Angela Staicu, and Mihail Lucian Pascu. "Optical Characterization of Ciprofloxacin Photolytic Degradation by UV-Pulsed Laser Radiation." Molecules 26, no. 8 (2021): 2324. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26082324.

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Ciprofloxacin is one of the most prescribed antibiotics in treating bacterial infections, becoming an important pollutant of the wastewaters. Moreover, ciprofloxacin is hard to be destroyed by conventional water treatment processes; therefore, efficient treatments to destroy it are needed in water decontamination. This study offers insights into the performance of 266 nm laser beams on the photodegradation of ciprofloxacin. An Nd:YAG laser was used that emitted 266 nm at an energy of 6.5 mJ (power of 65 mW) and ciprofloxacin water solutions were irradiated up to 240 min. The irradiated solutio

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Raharjo, Slamet, Sri Hartati, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto, and Rini Widayanti. "Frekuensi Nafas dan Pulsus Ular Sanca Batik (Malayopython reticulatus) Lokalitas Jawa." Jurnal Sain Veteriner 36, no. 2 (2019): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsv.34201.

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Reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) java locality is highly demand as pet animal. Respiratory and pulse rate were important physiological data needed for diagnostic references. The aim of this research was to study the repiratory and pulse rate on Java M. reticulatus. Thirthy healthy adult Java M. reticulatus were used in this study. The respiratory rate recorded by counting inspiratory and expiratory movement of the thorax for one minute and pulse rate recorded by heart palpation for one minute, measured at 6-8 AM and at 4-6 PM for five consecutive days. Temperature and humidity wer

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Hallé, Jean-Pierre, François A. Leblond, Jean-François Pariseau, Paul Jutras, Marie-Josée Brabant та Yves Lepage. "Studies on Small (<300 μm) Microcapsules: II — Parameters Governing the Production of Alginate Beads by High Voltage Electrostatic Pulses". Cell Transplantation 3, № 5 (1994): 365–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096368979400300503.

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The size of microcapsules is a critical parameter in the immunoisolation of islets of Langerhans by microencapsulation. The use of smaller capsules decreases the total implant volume and improves insulin kinetics and oxygen supply. A high voltage electrostatic pulse system was used for the production of small (<300 μm) alginate beads, the first step of the encapsulation technique. However, islets often protruded from capsules that were too small, further emphasizing the need for a method to control bead size. A study of 7 parameters [electrostatic pulse amplitude (A), duration (D) and wavel

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Kamata, Kiichiro, Kiyoshi Yatsui, Masayoshi Kanno, Naoyoshi Aizawa, and Minoru Moriyamat. "Damage structures in Si3N4–Sic films and stainless steel irradiated by intense pulsed light-ion beam." Laser and Particle Beams 5, no. 3 (1987): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600002986.

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As the input power and energy content of Tokamaks are increased, the erosion rate of the first wall becomes larger, and a thick coating or cladding of low atomic number (Z) materials will be needed. Recently, the present authors prepared Si3N4–SiC films at alow temperature of 400°C by a plasma CVD method for the application to coating materials having high strength and wear resistance on metals and glasses. In this study, irradiation damage of the Si3N4–SiC films and 316 stainless steel (SUS-316) was investigated for the application to the first wall materials in a fusion reactor. The damage s

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Svetina, Cristian, Daniele Cocco, Nicola Mahne, Lorenzo Raimondi, Eugenio Ferrari, and Marco Zangrando. "PRESTO, the on-line photon energy spectrometer at FERMI: design, features and commissioning results." Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 23, no. 1 (2016): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577515021116.

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Measurement of the emission wavelength and the spectral content of the photon radiation is essential information for both machine and experimental physicists at a free-electron laser (FEL) user facility. Knowledge of the photon beam spectral properties is needed during the machine optimization and for performing machine studies (i.e.monitoring the change of the FEL output as a function of the machine parameters). The experimentalists, on the other hand, need to know the photon beam spectral distribution of the source, shot to shot, to discriminate the acquired data. Consequently, the main requ

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van Borkulo, Jeroen, Rene Hendriks, and Peter Dijkstra. "Comparison between Single & Multi Beam Laser Grooving of Low-K layers." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2012, no. 1 (2012): 000433–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2012-tp53.

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The traditional blade dicing technology has gone through an impressive evolution keeping up with quality, cost and miniaturization requirements that the semiconductor technology roadmaps introduced and specified. However, since wafer technologies have dropped below 90nm node and low k materials were introduced it became clear that blade dicing evolution came to an end and expensive hybrid solutions such as combined laser grooving processes and blade dicing technologies were required to achieve the desired product reliability. Similar situations have been seen with the ongoing trend to thinner

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Roessler, Christian, Marc Allaire, Allen Orville, and Alexei Soares. "Rapid sample delivery by acoustic injection for serial protein crystallography." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (2014): C1156. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314088433.

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Continuous irradiation of a single protein crystal alters its physical structure. This typically manifests as photoelectric chemical transformations and a loss of diffraction, which can be counterproductive to structure determination. Serial crystallography methods overcome these effects by recording partial datasets from multiple crystals, effectively spreading the dose over many crystals. As the number of crystals per dataset increases, however, new methods are needed to rapidly replenish samples in the X-ray beam. Acoustic droplet ejection (ADE) technology offers a robust and reliable metho

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Okan, Gökhan, Nagehan Tarikci, and Gonca Gokdemir. "The Effect of Long-Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser for the Treatment of Onychomycosis." Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association 107, no. 1 (2017): 54–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7547/15-137.

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Background: Topical onychomycosis therapies are usually inadequate, and patient compliance to systemic therapies is poor. Recently, interest in laser therapy for the treatment of onychomycosis has increased. We sought to investigate the efficacy of long-pulsed Nd:YAG laser therapy for onychomycosis. Methods: Thirty patients with mycologically confirmed onychomycosis received long-pulsed 1064-nm Nd:YAG laser therapy, moving the beam in a spiral pattern over the whole nail plate two times, with a 1-minute pause between passes. Laser therapy was performed with a spot diameter of 4 mm at a speed o

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Reinoso-Rondinel, Ricardo, Tian-You Yu, and Sebastián Torres. "Multifunction Phased-Array Radar: Time Balance Scheduler for Adaptive Weather Sensing." Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 27, no. 11 (2010): 1854–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2010jtecha1420.1.

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Abstract Phased-array radars (PARs) have the capability of instantaneously and dynamically controlling beam position on a pulse-by-pulse basis, which allows a single radar to perform multiple functions, such as tracking multiple storms or weather and aviation surveillance. Moreover, these tasks can be carried out with different update times to achieve the goal of better characterizing and forecasting the storms of interest. However, these tasks usually compete for finite radar resources, and scheduling algorithms are often needed to address resource contention. To capitalize on the PAR capabil

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MARZI, S., A. GIULIETTI, D. GIULIETTI, L. A. GIZZI, and A. SALVETTI. "High brightness laser–plasma X-ray source at IFAM: Characterization and applications." Laser and Particle Beams 18, no. 1 (2000): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600181133.

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A high brightness laser-plasma X-ray source has been set-up and is presently available at IFAM. A wide range of diagnostics has been set up to monitor the properties of the X-ray radiation and to control the main parameters including photon energy, flux intensity, and pulse duration. A beam extractor enables access to the X-ray radiation at atmospheric pressure. A simple, easy-to-use projection microscope has been built which is capable of single-shot micron resolution imaging with digital acquisition. Preliminary biomedical experiments show that the X-ray doses available on a single laser sho

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Scampoli, Paola, and James Storey. "The AEgIS experiment at CERN for the measurement of antihydrogen gravity acceleration." Modern Physics Letters A 29, no. 17 (2014): 1430017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732314300171.

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The Antihydrogen Experiment: Gravity, Interferometry, Spectroscopy (AEgIS) experiment is conducted by an international collaboration based at CERN whose aim is to perform the first direct measurement of the gravitational acceleration of antihydrogen in the local field of the Earth, with Δg/g = 1% precision as a first achievement. The idea is to produce cold (100 mK) antihydrogen [Formula: see text] through a pulsed charge exchange reaction by overlapping clouds of antiprotons, from the Antiproton Decelerator (AD) and positronium atoms inside a Penning trap. The antihydrogen has to be produced

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Martínez, Alba, Sandra González-Lana, Laura Asín, et al. "Nano-Second Laser Interference Photoembossed Microstructures for Enhanced Cell Alignment." Polymers 13, no. 17 (2021): 2958. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13172958.

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Photoembossing is a powerful photolithographic technique to prepare surface relief structures relying on polymerization-induced diffusion in a solventless development step. Conveniently, surface patterns are formed by two or more interfering laser beams without the need for a lithographic mask. The use of nanosecond pulsed light-based interference lithography strengthens the pattern resolution through the absence of vibrational line pattern distortions. Typically, a conventional photoembossing protocol consists of an exposure step at room temperature that is followed by a thermal development s

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Shukla, Rohit, and Anurag Shyam. "Low voltage, low energy, and repetitive (4 Hz) operation of a conventional vircator for microwave emission in the range of 4–8 GHz." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 4 (2013): 627–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034613000426.

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AbstractIn this paper, we are presenting the microwave emission results of a vircator that emits its radiation lying well-within the microwave range of electromagnetic spectrum viz 4–8 GHz and the energy needed per shot is as low as 25 Joules only. In this reported experiment, the pulse forming line is charged to a voltage of 160 kV and the measured diode voltage is 50 kV in the experiment. The primary energy is nearly 50 Joules only and hence the energy efficiency of the high voltage pulse transformer and pulse forming line combination for the given experiment is nearly 50%. The experiment is

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Rodika, Rodika, Tuparjono Tuparjono, Budi Otomo, and Riska Ade Febryani. "Rancangan Mesin Pembelah Buah Pinang Dengan Dua Mata Potong." Manutech : Jurnal Teknologi Manufaktur 10, no. 02 (2019): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33504/manutech.v10i02.72.

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Betel nut palm plant is one of the many benefits and efficacy, especially seeds. Areca nuts are widely used as the main raw material in the process of making drugs, cosmetics, slimming, snacks, sweets, and coffee. Betel nut processing into betel nut is still constrained by the tool is still modest, are still using wood beams repose knife to split betel nut into two parts. To overcome these problems needed betel nut splitter machine with a capacity of 250 kg / h. This engine design is expected to help farmers during the process of betel nut processing into dried betel nut. The working principle

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Jannah, A. N., S. A. Halim, and H. Abdullah. "Surface Morphology Studies on Laser Irradiated Target and Bi(Pb)SrCaCuO Thin Films." Materials Science Forum 995 (June 2020): 89–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.995.89.

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In this study, pulsed laser deposition technique was used to deposit bismuth plumbum strontium calcium copper oxide {Bi (Pb)SrCaCu0} thin films on MgO single crystal substrate. Solid state procedure which is inexpensive technique used in the production process of the Bi (Pb)SrCaCu0 superconductor bulk sample. In this work, Handy YAG Lasers (model: HYL 101 E) has been used. It is a high power class 4 solid state (ND: YAG) Q-switched pulsed laser and 532 nm (visible green: second harmonic) has been used to ablate the films. The substrate used in this work was single crystal MgO with the (100) or

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Azhar, Ade Siti Sarah, and Eko Ariyanto. "PENGENDALIAN KECEPATAN PUTARAN MOTOR DC PADA PENYANGRAI KOPI MENGGUNAKAN PWM BERBASIS ATMEGA 16." Gema Teknologi 19, no. 1 (2016): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/gt.v19i1.21957.

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Ade Siti Sarah Azhar, Eko Ariyanto in this paper explain that Coffee is one of the most popular drinks ever in the history of human civilization. Roasting is one of the most important processes in processing coffee beans that serves to determine the process of forming flavors and aromas in coffee beans. The average roasting process still uses manual methods, so an automatic coffee roaster machine is needed that can support the home roasting process which is equipped with a round control system. It is expected that the roasting process can be carried out quickly. The use of automatic roasting m

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Giannuzzi, Lucille A., Henry J. White, and Wayne C. Chen. "Application of the FIB Lift-Out Technique for the TEM of Cold Worked Fracture Surfaces." Microscopy and Microanalysis 7, S2 (2001): 942–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600030786.

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The FIB lift-out (LO) technique has been applied to a sample that been pulled to failure by tensile testing. An aluminum alloy (5083) was cold deformed using DSI's Maxistrain technology [1]. The alloy was cut with a low speed diamond coated wafering blade such that the fracture surface would fit inside the focused ion beam (FIB) specimen chamber. The sample was then mounted and placed in an FEI 200TEM FIB instrument. An FIB image of the tip of the fracture surface is shown in figure 1. A region for TEM specimen preparation was chosen such that the specimen would be in the plane of the tensile

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Gazis, N., S. Molloy, G. Solbrekken, E. Tanke, and D. McGinnis. "Engineering Design Integration & Non-Destructive Testing for the ESS accelerator." HNPS Proceedings 24 (April 1, 2019): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/hnps.1845.

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The ESS linac is under construction by the ESS partner institutes (so- called In-Kind Contributors - IKC) and will operate the most powerful proton beam ever for neutron spallation source. The linac delivers 5 MW via 2 GeV protons at a repetition rate of 14 Hz at the He-cooled solid tungsten target. The pulsed neutrons, result of the spallation, will reach the science instruments after having been moderated. The engineering effort needed to assemble the linac and its RF sources (klystrons), commenced with the design integration and currently is undergoing installation planning. In addition, th

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Kerr, Jessica A., Alanna N. Gillespie, Constantine E. Gasser, Fiona K. Mensah, David Burgner, and Melissa Wake. "Childhood dietary trajectories and adolescent cardiovascular phenotypes: Australian community-based longitudinal study." Public Health Nutrition 21, no. 14 (2018): 2642–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980018001398.

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AbstractObjectiveWith the intention to inform future public health initiatives, we aimed to determine the extent to which typical childhood dietary trajectories predict adolescent cardiovascular phenotypes.DesignLongitudinal study. Exposure was determined by a 4 d food diary repeated over eight waves (ages 4–15 years), coded by Australian Dietary Guidelines and summed into a continuous diet score (0–14). Outcomes were adolescent (Wave 8, age 15 years) blood pressure, resting heart rate, pulse wave velocity, carotid intima-media thickness, retinal arteriole-to-venule ratio. Latent class analysi

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Sheikh, Fayaz A., Parvez A. Sofi, M. Nisar Khan, Najeeb R. Sofi, Shabir H. Wani, and M. A. Bhat. "Participatory rural appraisal and farmers’ perception about common bean varieties in temperate Kashmir." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 2 (2017): 1256–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1351.

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Present investigation was undertaken during 2012 to 2014 in which 54 genotypes, both pole and bush type of Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) were selected among a number of germplasm lines, land races and research material in order to generate information on the farmer’s’ perception about the Common bean varieties. Participatory rural appraisal was conducted in 32 villages of Kashmir through a broad questionnaires comprising of questions pertaining to the socio-economic conditions, farming systems, production constraints and varietal preferences of the common bean. The Participatory Rural Appr

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Stauss, Harald M., Julia A. Moffitt, Mark W. Chapleau, Francois M. Abboud, and Alan Kim Johnson. "Baroreceptor Reflex Sensitivity Estimated by the Sequence Technique is Reliable in Rats." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 291, no. 1 (2006): H482—H483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00228.2006.

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The following is the abstract of the article discussed in the subsequent letter: The function of the arterial baroreflex has traditionally been assessed by measurement of reflex changes in heart rate (HR) or sympathetic nerve activity resulting from experimenter-induced manipulation of arterial blood pressure (the Oxford method, also termed the pharmacological method). However, logistical and flexibility limitations of this technique have promoted the development of new methods for assessing baroreflex function such as the evaluation of changes in spontaneous arterial pressure and HR. Although

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Myrnerts Höök, Susanna, Nicolas J. Pejovic, Francesco Cavallin, et al. "Smartphone app for neonatal heart rate assessment: an observational study." BMJ Paediatrics Open 4, no. 1 (2020): e000688. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2020-000688.

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BackgroundHeart rate (HR) assessment is crucial in neonatal resuscitation, but pulse oximetry (PO) and electrocardiography (ECG) are rarely accessible in low-resource to middle-resource settings. This study evaluated a free-of-charge smartphone application, NeoTap, which records HR with a screen-tapping method bypassing mental arithmetic calculations.MethodsThis observational study was carried out during three time periods between May 2015 and January 2019 in Uganda in three phases. In phase 1, a metronome rate (n=180) was recorded by low-end users (midwives) using NeoTap. In phase 2, HR (n=69

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Киреев and Andrey Kireev. "Equivalent Sensitivity Setting During Ultrasonic Inspection of Steel Butt Welded Joints." NDT World 19, no. 3 (2016): 74–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21175.

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Introduction. The echo-pulse technique is commonly used for welded joints ultrasonic testing. The first step of the technique is setting the ultrasonic flaw detector sensitivity. For this purpose NDT-operators usually use calibration blocks with a flat cylindrical or hemispherical reflectors, which are to be manufactured and metrologically certified for every weld joint size and transducer angle. The objective of this work was to develop a sensitivity setting technique using the CO-2 reference block, which could take into account the equivivalent area of the flat cilindrical reflector (as a mo

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RUFFINI, REMO, CARLO LUCIANO BIANCO, SHE-SHENG XUE, PASCAL CHARDONNET, and FEDERICO FRASCHETTI. "ON THE STRUCTURE OF THE BURST AND AFTERGLOW OF GAMMA-RAY BURSTS I: THE RADIAL APPROXIMATION." International Journal of Modern Physics D 12, no. 02 (2003): 173–269. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218271803003268.

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We have recently proposed three paradigms for the theoretical interpretation of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). (1) The relative space–time transformation (RSTT) paradigm emphasizes how the knowledge of the entire world-line of the source from the moment of gravitational collapse is a necessary condition in order to interpret GRB data.1 (2) The interpretation of the burst structure (IBS) paradigm differentiates in all GRBs between an injector phase and a beam-target phase.2 (3) The GRB-supernova time sequence (GSTS) paradigm introduces the concept of induced supernova explosion in the supernovae-GRB

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Battaglia, Alessandro, Simone Tanelli, and Pavlos Kollias. "Polarization Diversity for Millimeter Spaceborne Doppler Radars: An Answer for Observing Deep Convection?" Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 30, no. 12 (2013): 2768–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jtech-d-13-00085.1.

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Abstract Spaceborne Doppler radars have the potential to provide key missing observations of convective vertical air motions especially over the tropical oceans. Such measurements can improve understanding of the role of tropical convection in vertical energy transport and its interaction with the environment. Several millimeter wavelength Doppler radar concepts have been proposed since the 1990s. The Earth Clouds, Aerosols, and Radiation Explorer (EarthCARE) Cloud Profiling Radar (CPR) will be the first Dopplerized atmospheric radar in space but has not been optimized for Doppler measurements

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