Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pultruded FRP beams

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Book chapters
  4. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Pultruded FRP beams'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 12 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Pultruded FRP beams"

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Boscato, Giosuè, Giorgio Costantini, and Vincenzo Scafuri. "Seismic Design of Pultruded FRP Structures as Ancillary and/or Independent Solution." Key Engineering Materials 747 (July 2017): 586–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.747.586.

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The civil engineering fields of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Polymers) pultruded profiles are the structural rehabilitation of the existing constructions and the new buildings. In the first case the FRP intervention is ancillary to masonry construction as beams and trusses for roofs and floors; while, in the second case, the all-FRP structures are for over elevation frame, emergency and specific structures in complex conditions. The non-linear responses of masonry structures with truss beams made of pultruded FRP profiles and traditional materials have been compared through finite element models subjected to the seismic forces. Furthermore, the seismic response of all-FRP building with concentric diagonal braces has been analysed. For both applications it is possible to assert that despite the absence of ductile behaviour of FRP pultruded material, the new technology guarantees a dissipative response through the global ductility and the effect of the low self-weight related to the mechanical performances.
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Ascione, L., A. Giordano, and S. Spadea. "Lateral buckling of pultruded FRP beams." Composites Part B: Engineering 42, no. 4 (June 2011): 819–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compositesb.2011.01.015.

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Boscato, G., C. Casalegno, and S. Russo. "Creep Effects in Pultruded FRP Beams." Mechanics of Composite Materials 52, no. 1 (March 2016): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11029-016-9555-6.

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4

Thumrongvut, Jaksada, Natthawat Pakwan, and Samaporn Krathumklang. "Flexural-Torsional Buckling of Pultruded Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Angle Beams under Eccentric Loading." Materials Science Forum 982 (March 2020): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.982.201.

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In this paper, the experimental study on the pultruded fiber-reinforced polymer (pultruded FRP) angle beams subjected to transversely eccentric load are presented. A summary of critical buckling load and buckling behavior for full-scale flexure tests with various span-to-width ratios (L/b) and eccentricities are investigated, and typical failure mode are identified. Three-point flexure tests of 50 pultruded FRP angle beams are performed. The E-glass fibre/polyester resin angle specimens are tested to examine the effect of span-to-width ratio of the beams on the buckling responses and critical buckling loads. The angle specimens have the cross-sectional dimension of 76x6.4 mm with span-to-width ratios, ranging from 20 to 40. Also, four different eccentricities are investigated, ranging from 0 to ±2e. Eccentric loads are applied below the horizontal flange in increments until beam buckling occurred. Based upon the results of this study, it is found that the load and mid-span vertical deflection relationships of the angle beams are linear up to the failure. In contrast, the load and mid-span lateral deflection relationships are geometrically nonlinear. The general mode of failure is the flexural-torsional buckling. The eccentrically loaded specimens are failed at critical buckling loads lower than their concentric counterparts. Also, the quantity of eccentricity increases as buckling load decreases. In addition, it is noticed that span-to-width ratio increases, the buckling load is decreased. The eccentric location proved to have considerable influence over the buckling load of the pultruded FRP angle beams.
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Li, Yeou Fong, and Shu Ting Kan. "The Mechanical Behavior of the Hybrid FRP Beam." Advanced Materials Research 365 (October 2011): 119–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.365.119.

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This paper presents the mechanical behaviors of hybrid fiber reinforced plastic (HFRP) composite beams. There are two methods were proposed to increase the stiffness of pultruded glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP) beam and change the failure mode. The first method is to infill the epoxy mortar into the GFRP beam. The second method is hand layout the GFRP beam by using carbon fiber with different direction fibers to increase the stiffness of the GFRP beam. Three-point bending test was conducted to obtain the force-displacement relationship, stiffness, failure strength and failure mode of the GFRP beams. The test results show that the stiffness of GFRP beam filled with epoxy mortar is twice larger than GFRP beam.
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Bank, Lawrence C., Michael G. Oliva, Han-Ug Bae, Jeffrey W. Barker, and Seung-Woon Yoo. "Pultruded FRP Plank as Formwork and Reinforcement for Concrete Members." Advances in Structural Engineering 10, no. 5 (October 2007): 525–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/136943307782417681.

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A feasibility study in which the use of a commercially produced pultruded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) plank for both permanent formwork and secondary or primary tensile reinforcement of a concrete structural member is described in this paper. To achieve satisfactory bond at the interface between the smooth surface of the FRP plank and the concrete, two kinds of aggregate, gravel and sand, were epoxy bonded to the planks. Concrete beams using the aggregate-coated FRP planks were fabricated and tested. Satisfactory bond between the FRP plank and the concrete was developed which was evidenced by numerous well-distributed flexural cracks, and ultimate capacities of the aggregate coated FRP plank specimens greater than the steel rebar reinforced control specimen. ACI 440 equations were found to provide good predictions of the flexural strengths but poor predictions of the shear strengths of the FRP plank reinforced beams. ACI 318 equations, however, provided good shear strength predictions.
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Nguyen, T. T., T. M. Chan, and J. T. Mottram. "Lateral–Torsional Buckling design for pultruded FRP beams." Composite Structures 133 (December 2015): 782–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compstruct.2015.07.079.

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Prachasaree, Woraphot, Suchart Limkatanyu, Wichairat Kaewjuea, and Hota V. S. GangaRao. "Simplified Buckling-Strength Determination of Pultruded FRP Structural Beams." Practice Periodical on Structural Design and Construction 24, no. 2 (May 2019): 04018036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(asce)sc.1943-5576.0000405.

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Bank, Lawrence C., T. Russell Gentry, and Murali Nadipelli. "Local Buckling of Pultruded FRP Beams-Analysis and Design." Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites 15, no. 3 (March 1996): 283–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/073168449601500304.

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Davalos, Julio F., Pizhong Qiao, and Ever J. Barbero. "Multiobjective material architecture optimization of pultruded FRP I-beams." Composite Structures 35, no. 3 (July 1996): 271–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0263-8223(96)00035-9.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pultruded FRP beams"

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Senne, Jolyn Louise. "Fatigue Life of Hybrid FRP Composite Beams." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33982.

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As fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) structures find application in highway bridge structures, methodologies for describing their long-term performance under service loading will be a necessity for designers. The designer of FRP bridge structures is faced with out-of-plane damage and delamination at ply interfaces. The damage most often occurs between hybrid plys and dominates the life time response of a thick section FRP structure. The focus of this work is on the performance of the 20.3 cm (8 in) pultruded, hybrid double web I-beam structural shape. Experimental four-point bend fatigue results indicate that overall stiffness reduction of the structure is controlled by the degradation of the tensile flange. The loss of stiffness in the tensile flange results in the redistribution of the stresses and strains, until the initiation of failure by delamination in the compression flange. These observations become the basis of the assumptions used to develop an analytical life prediction model. In the model, the tensile flange stiffness is reduced based on coupon test data, and is used to determine the overall strength reduction of the beam in accordance the residual strength life prediction methodology. Delamination initiation is based on the out-of-plane stress sz at the free edge. The stresses are calculated using two different approximations, the Primitive Delamination Model and the Minimization of Complementary Energy. The model successfully describes the onset of delamination prior to fiber failure and suggests that out-of-plane failure controls the life of the structure.
Master of Science
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2

Schniepp, Timothy John. "Design Manual Development for a Hybrid, FRP Double-Web Beam and Characterization of Shear Stiffness in FRP Composite Beams." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34550.

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Fiber-reinforced polymeric (FRP) composites are being considered for structural members in bridge construction as lighter, more durable alternatives to steel and concrete. Extensive testing and analysis of a pultruded, hybrid double web beam (DWB) developed for use in bridge construction has been conducted at Virginia Tech. A primary purpose of this testing is the development of a structural design guide for the DWB, which includes stiffness and strength data. The design manual also includes design allowables determined through a statistical analysis of test data. Static testing of the beams, including failure tests, has been conducted in order to determine such beam properties as bending modulus, shear stiffness, failure mode, and ultimate capacity. Measuring and calculating the shear stiffness has proven to be an area of particular interest and difficulty. Shear stiffness is calculated using Timoshenko beam theory which combines the shear stiffness and shear area together along with a shear correction factor, k, which accounts for the nonuniform distribution of shear stress/strain through the cross-section of a structure. There are several methods for determining shear stiffness, kGA, in the laboratory, including a direct method and a multi-span slope method. Herein lays the difficulty as it has been found that varying methods produces significantly different results. One of the objectives of current research is to determine reasons for the differences in results, to identify which method is most accurate in determining kGA, and also to examine other parameters affecting the determination of kGA that may further aid the understanding of this property. This document will outline the development of the design guide, the philosophy for the selection of allowables and review and discuss the challenges of interpreting laboratory data to develop a complete understanding of shear effects in large FRP structural members.
Master of Science
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3

Pourladian, Elias A. "The use of pultruded glass fiber reinforced polymer profiles in structures." Kansas State University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/7029.

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Master of Science
Department of Architectural Engineering and Construction Science
Kimberly W. Kramer
Pultruded fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) shapes are gaining popularity in the construction industry. Pultruded FRP profiles introduce a new world of construction that could prove to be a viable option to traditional structural materials. The use of pultruded FRP profiles in structures is discussed in this report. First a brief history of FRPs and their applications are addressed before explaining in detail the two main components of FRP; fibers and resin. The manufacturing process known as pultrusion and how two separate materials become one structural member is examined. As a result of pultrusion, engineers and designers can create structural profiles in customizable shapes, sizes, and strengths to suit any project and price. Theoretically, a pultruded FRP profile can be customized to different strengths within the geometrical and material bounds of the profile; however, many manufacturers publish data regarding mechanical and thermal properties along with allowable loads for their nominal profiles. Currently, there are no governing codes or guidelines for pultruded FRPs but there are design manuals and handbooks published by various committees and manufacturers so the design of pultruded FRP profiles is discussed. Ultimate and serviceability limit states are design concerns that engineers always deal with but concerns of heat or fire, chemical or corrosion, and moisture affect pultruded FRPs differently than steel or wood. Pultruded FRPs pose interesting design concerns because increased customizability and workability means the member can be tailored to meet the needs for that project but that would counter the benefit of mass-produced nominal sizes. A lack of uniform codes and standards inhibits the growth of the pultrusion industry in the United States but codes developed in Europe along with the development of specialized agencies and organizations could help gain a foothold. Lastly, a set of beams varying in length and load exhibit a side-by-side comparison to examine how pultruded FRPs match up next to traditional building materials. Although wood, steel, and reinforced concrete have been the preferred materials of construction, pultruded FRP structural shapes are gaining popularity for its economical and physical advantages, and advances in manufacturing and technology stand to usher in the widespread use of pultruded FRP profiles.
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Restrepo, Edgar Salom. "Determination of AASHTO Bridge Design Parameters through Field Evaluation of the Rt. 601 Bridge: A Bridge Utilizing Strongwell 36 in. Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Double Web Beams as the Main Load Carrying Members." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36182.

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The Route 601 Bridge in Sugar Grove, Virginia spans 39 ft over Dickey Creek. The Bridge is the first to use the Strongwell 36 in. fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) double web beam (DWB) in its superstructure. Replacement of the old bridge began in June 2001, and construction of the new bridge was completed in October 2001. The bridge was field tested in October 2001 and June 2002. This thesis details the field evaluation of the Rt. 601 Bridge. Using mid span deflection and strain data from the October 2001 and June 2002 field tests, the primary goal of this research was to determine the following AASHTO bridge design parameters: wheel load distribution factor g, dynamic load allowance IM, and maximum deflection. The wheel load distribution factor was determined to be S/5, a dynamic load allowance was determined to be 0.30, and the maximum deflection of the bridge was L/1500. Deflection results were lower than the AASHTO L/800 limit. This discrepancy is attributed to partial composite action of the deck-to-girder connections, bearing restraint at the supports, and contribution of guardrail stiffness. Secondary goals of this research were to quantify the effect of diaphragm removal on girder distribution factor, determine torsion and axial effects of the FRP girders, compare responses to multiple lane symmetrical loading to superimposed single lane response, and compare the field test results to a finite element and a finite difference model. It was found that diaphragm removal had a small effect on the wheel load distribution factor. Torsional and axial effects were small. The bridge response to multilane loading coincided with superimposed single lane truck passes, and curb-stiffening effects in a finite difference model improved the accuracy of modeling the Rt. 601 Bridge behavior.
Master of Science
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Bandy, Brent J. "Flexural behavior of a deep wide-flange FRP pultruded beam." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21805.

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Hayes, Michael David. "Characterization and Modeling of a Fiber-Reinforced Polymeric Composite Structural Beam and Bridge Structure for Use in the Tom's Creek Bridge Rehabilitation Project." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35852.

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Fiber reinforced polymeric (FRP) composite materials are beginning to find use in construction and infrastructure applications. Composite members may potentially provide more durable replacements for steel and concrete in primary and secondary bridge structures, but the experience with composites in these applications is minimal. Recently, however, a number of groups in the United States have constructed short-span traffic bridges utilizing FRP members. These demonstration cases will facilitate the development of design guidelines and durability data for FRP materials. The Tom's Creek Bridge rehabilitation is one such project that utilizes a hybrid FRP composite beam in an actual field application.

This thesis details much of the experimental work conducted in conjunction with the Tom's Creek Bridge rehabilitation. All of the composite beams used in the rehabilitation were first proof tested in four-point bending. A mock-up of the bridge was then constructed in the laboratory using the actual FRP beams and timber decking. The mock-up was tested in several static loading schemes to evaluate the bridge response under HS20 loading. The lab testing indicated a deflection criterion of nearly L/200; the actual field structure was stiffer at L/450. This was attributed to the difference in boundary conditions for the girders and timber panels.

Finally, the bridge response was verified with an analytical model that treats the bridge structure as a wood beam resting upon discrete elastic springs. The model permits both bending and torsional stiffness in the composite beams, as well as shear deformation. A parametric study was conducted utilizing this model and a mechanics of laminated beam theory to provide recommendations for alternate bridge designs and modified composite beam designs.


Master of Science
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7

Honickman, Hart Noah. "Pultruded GFRP sections as stay-in-place structural open formwork for concrete slabs and girders." Thesis, Kingston, Ont. : [s.n.], 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1974/1312.

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Hayes, Michael David. "Structural Analysis of a Pultruded Composite Beam: Shear Stiffness Determination and Strength and Fatigue Life Predictions." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11066.

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This dissertation is focused on understanding the performance of a particular fiber-reinforced polymeric composite structural beam, a 91.4 cm (36 inch) deep pultruded double-web beam (DWB) designed for bridge construction. Part 1 focuses on calculating the Timoshenko shear stiffness of the DWB and understanding what factors may introduce error in the experimental measurement of the quantity for this and other sections. Laminated beam theory and finite element analysis (FEA) were used to estimate the shear stiffness. Several references in the literature have hypothesized an increase in the effective measured shear stiffness due to warping. A third order laminated beam theory (TLBT) was derived to explore this concept, and the warping effect was found to be negligible. Furthermore, FEA results actually indicate a decrease in the effective shear stiffness at shorter spans for simple boundary conditions. This effect was attributed to transverse compression at the load points and supports. The higher order sandwich theory of Frostig shows promise for estimating the compression related error in the shear stiffness for thin-walled beams. Part 2 attempts to identify the failure mechanism(s) under quasi-static loading and to develop a strength prediction for the DWB. FEA was utilized to investigate two possible failure modes in the top flange: compression failure of the carbon fiber plies and delamination at the free edges or taper regions. The onset of delamination was predicted using a strength-based approach, and the stress analysis was accomplished using a successive sub-modeling approach in ANSYS. The results of the delamination analyses were inconclusive, but the predicted strengths based on the compression failure mode show excellent agreement with the experimental data. A fatigue life prediction, assuming compression failure, was also developed using the remaining strength and critical element concepts of Reifsnider et al. One DWB fatigued at about 30% of the ultimate capacity showed no signs of damage after 4.9 million cycles, although the predicted number of cycles to failure was 4.4 million. A test on a second beam at about 60% of the ultimate capacity was incomplete at the time of publication. Thus, the success of the fatigue life prediction was not confirmed.
Ph. D.
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Waldron, Christopher J. "Determination of the Design Parameters for the Route 601 Bridge: A Bridge Containing the Strongwell 36 inch Hybrid Composite Double Web Beam." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34414.

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The Route 601 Bridge spans 39 ft over Dickey Creek in Sugar Grove, VA and represents the first use of Strongwell's 36 in. double web beam (DWB) as the main load carrying members for a traffic bridge. The bridge was designed for AASHTO HS20-44 and AASHTO alternate military loading with a targeted deflection limit of L/800. For the preliminary design, conservative properties for the 36 in. DWB were assumed based on experience at Virginia Tech with Strongwell's 8 in. DWB used in the Tom's Creek Bridge. An elastic modulus (E) of 6,000 ksi and a shear stiffness (kGA) of 20,000 ksi-in2 were assumed and used with Timoshenko shear deformable beam theory to characterize the beams and determine the deflections. This thesis details the experimental work conducted in conjunction with the design of the Route 601 Bridge, which had two goals. First, a deck-to-girder connection was tested to determine if a bolted connection could develop composite action between the girder and the deck. This connection was shown to provide a significant amount of composite action when used with the 8 in. DWB and a composite deck, but little or no composite action when used with the 36 in. DWB and a glue-laminated timber deck. Second, eleven 36 in. DWB's were tested to determine their stiffness properties (EI and kGA) to insure that these properties were above the values assumed in the preliminary design, and all the beams had stiffness properties that were close to or above the assumed values. The eleven beams were also proof tested to a moment equivalent to five times the service load moment to insure the safety of the Route 601 Bridge, and one beam was tested to failure to determine the failure mode and residual stiffness of the 36 in. DWB. Finally, based on these results eight beams were chosen for the Route 601 Bridge.
Master of Science
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Neely, William Douglas. "Evaluation of the In-Servic Performance of the Tom's Creek Bridge." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33249.

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The Tom's Creek Bridge is a small-scale demonstration project involving the use of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composite girders as the main load carrying members. The project is intended to serve two purposes. First, by calculating bridge design parameters such as the dynamic load allowance, transverse wheel load distribution and deflections under service loading, the Tom's Creek Bridge will aid in modifying current AASHTO bridge design standards for use with FRP composite materials. Second, by evaluating the FRP girders after being exposed to service conditions, the project will begin to answer questions about the long-term performance of these advanced composite material beams when used in bridge design. This thesis details the In-Service analysis of the Tom's Creek Bridge. Five load tests, at six month intervals, were conducted on the bridge. Using mid-span strain and deflection data gathered from the FRP composite girders during these tests the above mentioned bridge design parameters have been determined. The Tom's Creek Bridge was determined to have a dynamic load allowance, IM, of 0.90, a transverse wheel load distribution factor, g, of 0.101 and a maximum deflection of L/488. Two bridge girders were removed from the Tom's Creek Bridge after fifteen months of service loading. These FRP composite girders were tested at the Structures and Materials Research Laboratory at Virginia Tech for stiffness and ultimate strength and compared to pre-service values for the same beams. This analysis indicates that after fifteen months of service, the FRP composite girders have not lost a significant amount of either stiffness or ultimate strength.
Master of Science
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Book chapters on the topic "Pultruded FRP beams"

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McCarthy, M. J., and L. C. Bank. "Sensitivity Studies on Local Flange Buckling Equations for Pultruded Beams and Columns." In Advances in FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, 115–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17487-2_23.

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Mutsuyoshi, Hiroshi, Kensuke Shiroki, Nguyen Duc Hai, and Tatsuya Ishihama. "Composite Behavior of a Pultruded Hybrid CFRP-GFRP Beam with UFC Deck." In Advances in FRP Composites in Civil Engineering, 111–14. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17487-2_22.

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Bai, Y., S. Satasivam, X. Yang, and C. Caprani. "Pultruded FRP composites for modular structural assembly: Applications to space frame structures and built-up composite beam systems." In Insights and Innovations in Structural Engineering, Mechanics and Computation, 1422–26. Taylor & Francis Group, 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300, Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742: CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315641645-233.

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Watanabe, T., T. Kishima, and S. Meiarashi. "Bending properties of secondary bonded pultruded I-shaped FRP beams." In FRP Composites in Civil Engineering - CICE 2004, 837–43. Taylor & Francis, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203970850.ch94.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pultruded FRP beams"

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Nguyen, Hai, Hiroshi Mutsuyoshi, Wael Zatar, and Tatsuya Ishihama. "Experimental Investigation of Double-Lap Bonded-and-Bolted Splice Joints of Pultruded Hybrid FRP I-Beams." In Fourth International Conference on Sustainable Construction Materials and Technologies. Coventry University, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18552/2016/scmt4s256.

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