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Journal articles on the topic 'Pumping rods'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Jiang, Zhichao. "Design of Titanium Alloy Mixed Sucker Rods Using API Recommendation Method." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 9, no. 3 (2024): 110–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/s27zvr82.

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Titanium alloy, as a new type of material, has many advantages compared to ordinary metal materials: high specific strength, excellent toughness and fatigue resistance, excellent corrosion resistance, etc. Firstly, the wave equation of titanium alloy pumping rods was established. Then, the equivalent stiffness, equivalent bulk density, and equivalent elastic modulus of titanium alloy mixed pumping rods were derived, and the frequency coefficients of different rod column combinations were calculated. Finally, based on the above research, the steps for designing titanium alloy pumping rods using
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2

Ştefan, Ionel Sorin, and Cristian Pătrăscioiu. "Operation of the Pumping System with Rods." Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 67, no. 2 (2021): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2021-0011.

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Abstract The asynchronous electric motor is used in the electric stock industry. The inverter adjusts the speed of an asynchronous motor from level 0 to rated speed. An oil pumping plant comprises the bottom machine and the surface machine. The lower machine consists of the depth pump, gas and sand separator, extraction pipe, pump rods. The surface tool includes the pump unit and other equipment. In turn, the pumping unit consists of the rocker, mechanical gearbox, connecting rods, cranks and electric motor. In pump extraction processes, maximum engine speed and / or power is not required. Sig
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3

Makarenko, V. D., S. Yu Safronova, and V. V. Ob’edkova. "The corrosion fatigue strength of pumping rods." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 41, no. 11-12 (2005): 673–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10556-006-0040-2.

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4

Hanson, Frank, and Delmar Haddock. "Laser diode side pumping of neodymium laser rods." Applied Optics 27, no. 1 (1988): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.27.000080.

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5

Gheorghe, Alin, Silvian Suditu, and Iuliana Ghetiu. "SUCKER RODS STRING DESIGN – RODS FATIGUE BEHAVIOR INTERPRETATION USING GOODMAN DIAGRAM." Romanian Journal of Petroleum & Gas Technology 4 (75), no. 1 (2023): 17–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.51865/jpgt.2023.01.02.

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"During the standard pumping of an oil well, the sucker rods are subjective to alternative stress (tensile and compression). Certain steel grades have different behavior, taking into consideration their mechanical properties, like tensile strength. While most operators consider that, the higher the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of a material is, it will behave better when subjected to loads. This paperwork shows that, comparing three different steel grades, they may have different results on the Goodman diagram, than expected. We are going to show that, even the steel grades have the same te
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6

Carpenter, Chris. "Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sucker Rods Provide Artificial Lift Efficiencies." Journal of Petroleum Technology 76, no. 10 (2024): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/1024-0085-jpt.

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_ This article, written by JPT Technology Editor Chris Carpenter, contains highlights of paper IPTC 23949, “Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic Sucker Rods Providing High-Strength, Lightweight, Low-Cost, and Environmentally Responsible Artificial Lift Efficiencies,” by Jeff Saponja, SPE, Oilify, and Corbin Coyes, SPE, and Michael Conner, SPE, Q2 Artificial Lift Services. The paper has not been peer reviewed. Copyright 2024 International Petroleum Technology Conference. _ The complete paper focuses on the development of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic (FRTP) sucker rods, highlighting their potential
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7

Kharun, V. R., V. М. Senchishak, V. Ya Popovych, and І. І. Shostakivskyi. "The research beam pumping unit of start-up mode." Oil and Gas Power Engineering, no. 1(35) (June 29, 2021): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/1993-9868-2021-1(35)-48-59.

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In the article, research of the beam-pumping unit start-up mode has been performed in accordance with the existing configurations of the rod column, the diameter of the plunger and the dynamic fluid level in the well. A mathematical model of the pumping unit actuator has been developed, it takes into account the mechanical characteristics of the drive motor, the moments of inertia of the belt drive and gears of the gearbox and the mass of the actuator components. Calculations have been performed for the variant of the pump rod column layout - two-stage, for the diameters of the plunger 55mm an
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8

Costa, Hugo, Dawei Liang, Joana Almeida, et al. "Seven-Rod Pumping Concept for Highly Stable Solar Laser Emission." Energies 15, no. 23 (2022): 9140. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15239140.

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A seven-rod solar laser head was conceptualized and numerically studied to improve the tracking error compensation capacity and power stability in end-side-pumping schemes. It was composed of a first-stage heliostat–parabolic mirror system, a second-stage fused silica aspheric lens and a third-stage conical pumping cavity, within which seven Nd:YAG rods were mounted. Highly stable solar laser emission, with a power loss inferior to 5% for tracking errors up to ±0.4°, could potentially be enabled with seven 4 mm diameter, 13 mm length rods. The tracking error width at 10% laser power loss was a
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9

Dzhabarov, R. D., B. R. Tagiev, and V. N. Baikov. "Corrosion fatigue resistance of pumping rods in different media." Chemical and Petroleum Engineering 24, no. 5 (1988): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01174861.

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10

Wang, Wei, Qin Zhao, Wenqing Gao, Zhenyue Hu, Qihang Zhao, and Sen Yang. "Thermo-Optic Numerical Research on Segmented Circular LD Arrays Side-Pumping a Nd:YAG Laser Rod." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207316.

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The configuration designs of the laser diode (LD) side-pumping laser rods focus on how to solve the space conflict between the pump and heat-removal devices because both want to use the larger lateral surface of the laser rod. The conflict is better balanced in the three different side-pumping geometries: the segmented circular LD array side-pumping configuration, the annular liquid-cooling structure, and the compensated semicircular LD array side-pumping arrangement. The temperature distributions and thermo-optic effects of the laser rod in the segmented circular LD array side-pumping configu
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11

Serrano, Esteban, Damien Bailleul, Frédéric Désévédavy, et al. "Towards full mid-infrared supercontinuum generation with tapered chalcogenide-glass rods." EPJ Web of Conferences 287 (2023): 10009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328710009.

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We experimentally demonstrate that simple tapered Ge-Se-Te glass rods with femtosecond pumping enables efficient multi-octave mid-infrared supercontinuum generation, from 1.7 to 16 µm, while keeping an excellent spatial beam profile.
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12

Wang, Bo. "Dynamic strength analysis of the key components of the beam-type pumping unit with dynamic tracking balance." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 15, no. 57 (2021): 291–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.57.21.

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Aiming at the shortages of large reversing impact, high energy consumption and poor balance effect of conventional beam-type pumping unit, the design scheme of beam-type pumping unit with dynamic tracking balance is proposed. The load-displacement curves from on-site trial shows that pumping with dynamic tracking balance has a better balance effect, and a production and power efficiency. According to the designed structure, the dynamic responses of the beam and connecting rods are analyzed. The results show that the maximum Mises stresses in the beam and connecting rod are 36.96 MPa and 27.83
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13

Wang, Ke Liang, Yang Liu, Li Jing Sun, and Chun Bao Sun. "The Evaluation of NHW-1 Type Coated Tubing Abrasion Resistance Performance." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 937–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.937.

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The eccentric wear of the sucker rods and tubes has already become the greatest bottleneck restricting the development of oil recovery technology of pumping wells. There is lots of inadaptability of the current control measures. The laboratory study and field tests showed that the NHW-1type coated tubing had a good protection of the rods and tubes of the well pumps. Compared with ordinary tubing, coating can prolong the life cycle of the tubes for more than 2.6 times. At present, the eccentric wear control technology is advanced both at home and abroad.
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14

Li, Zhenhe, Jinchun Song, Yanjun Huang, Yungong Li, and Jianwen Chen. "Design and analysis for a new energy-saving hydraulic pumping unit." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 232, no. 12 (2017): 2119–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406217715484.

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With the increasing concern over global energy crisis, energy saving in pumping units is becoming a significant subject. In terms of energy-saving and working efficiency, hydraulic pumping units outperform conventional pumping units. In this paper, a novel hydraulic pumping unit is proposed to overcome the existing drawbacks of conventional pumping units and present hydraulic pumping units. Firstly, this novel hydraulic pumping unit adopts a balanced mechanical structure, which means two oil wells are used in this system and the weight of their sucker rods can balance each other through the sy
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15

Adnan, Nur Aina Mardia, Md Rahim Sahar, and Ezza Syuhada Sazali. "Optimum Lasing Cavity for Erbium Doped Zinc Tellurite Glass Rods Embedded with Ag Nanoparticles." Solid State Phenomena 317 (May 2021): 87–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.317.87.

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A laser cavity was constructed for excitation of erbium doped zinc tellurite glass rods embedded with various concentration of Ag nanoparticles. Central to the system is a Xenon flashlamp for optical pumping, and mirrors to amplify the light waves. The amorphousity of the glass rod was studied by X-ray diffraction and the existence of silver nanoparticles inside the glass was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy analysis. The photoluminescence properties and differential thermal analysis curve of the samples confirmed the compatibility of the rods as gain medium. The r
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16

Tibúrcio, Bruno D., Dawei Liang, Joana Almeida, et al. "Fresnel Lens Solar-Pumped Laser with Four Rods and Beam Merging Technique for Uniform and Stable Emission under Tracking Error Influence." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4815. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124815.

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Significant numerical improvements in Fresnel lens Nd:YAG solar laser collection efficiency, laser quality factors and tracking error compensation capacity by two Fresnel lenses as primary solar concentrators are reported here. A Nd:YAG four-rod side-pumping configuration was investigated. The four-rod side-pumping scheme consisted of two large aspherical lenses and four semi-cylindrical pump cavities, where the Nd:YAG laser rods were placed, enabling an efficient solar pumping of the laser crystals. A 104.4 W continuous-wave multimode solar laser power was achieved, corresponding to 29.7 W/m2
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17

Kanbayeva, Zhanat S., and Sabit Seitmaganbetov. "The use of software to increase the TBO on the example of the wells of the frequently repaired fund of the "Zhetybaimunaygas" PM." Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry 1, no. 1 (2023): 74–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.54859/kjogi108608.

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Background: The operation of fields at a late stage of development requires the use of more efficient methods for increasing the TBO of the producing field in order to reduce the high costs of maintenance and repair works of production well stock.
 Aim: Analysis of a well operation in a frequently repaired field (FRF), identification of the main causes of failure of downhole pumping equipment (DPE) and a way to solve problems using information technology.
 Materials and methods: An important indicator of improving the reliability of the production facilities is the time between overh
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18

Ishmurzin, A. A., and V. U. Mustafin. "Effective course of pumping of a well rod pump." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 981, no. 3 (2022): 032064. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/981/3/032064.

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Abstract Determining the length of the plunger’s pumping is an integral part of the calculation of the well pump. However, it should be borne in mind that the pumping course of the plunger is different for each well. Therefore, the article proposes to define it from the dynamogram, on the coordinate parameter “pumping course” which is length, starting from the point of the minimum load on the TPS before the start of the suction. The opening of the supercharged valve shows a minimum load level, which has reached the lowest value due to the maximum high pressure of liquid compression in the work
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19

Mingulov, Shamil, Vyacheslav V. Mukhametshin, Lyubov Kuleshova, Alina Gizzatullina, and Ruslan Gilyazetdinov. "Technology of pumping production of high-viscosity oil with injection of coolant to the bottom through hollow rods." E3S Web of Conferences 498 (2024): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202449803004.

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The purpose of the study is to develop a pumping unit that allows successful injection of coolant into the bottom of the well through a column of hollow rods, followed by oil extraction from the well without lifting equipment. The scientific novelty of the material is based on the possibility of heating the bottom-hole zone of the formation and simultaneous oil production. The technological process of extracting hard-to-recover oil using the proposed installation is based on the following operations: withdrawal of the intake into the annulus, descent of the pump shank into the horizontal shaft
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20

Almeida, Joana, Hugo Costa, Cláudia R. Vistas, Bruno D. Tibúrcio, Ana Matos, and Dawei Liang. "Multirod Pumping Approach with Fresnel Lens and Ce:Nd:YAG Media for Enhancing the Solar Laser Efficiency." Energies 17, no. 22 (2024): 5630. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17225630.

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A multirod Ce:Nd:YAG solar laser approach, using a Fresnel lens as a primary concentrator, is here proposed with the aim of considerably increasing the efficiency of solar-pumped lasers. Fresnel lenses are cost-effective, rendering solar lasers more economically competitive. In this work, solar-pumped radiation collected and concentrated using the Fresnel lens is received by a secondary three-dimensional compound parabolic concentrator which transmits and funnels the light toward the Ce:Nd:YAG laser rods within a water-cooled tertiary conical concentrator that enables efficient multipass pumpi
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21

Habibov, Ibrahim, Sevinc Abasova, and Vusala Huseynova. "Statistical analysis of the relative position of the rod hanger and the wellhead." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 82–90. https://doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002267.

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One of the leading methods of exploitation of oil fields is oil production with the help of downhole rod pumping units (DRPU). Over 80 % of the operating well stock of Azneft PA is equipped with deep well pumps and about 30 % of oil is produced in the country with their help. The widespread use of DRPU is associated with a fairly high maturity of installations, simplicity of its design and maintenance, repair in field conditions, ease of adjustment, the possibility of servicing the installation by unskilled workers, a small effect on the operation of DRPU of the physical and chemical propertie
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22

Galeev, A. S., G. I. Bikbulatova, R. N. Suleymanov, Yu A. Boltneva, S. L. Sabanov, and V. S. Shulin. "EFFECT OF THREADED CONNECTION MISALIGNMENT TO ROD STRING OPERATION." Petroleum Engineering 23, no. 1 (2025): 103–10. https://doi.org/10.17122/ngdelo-2025-1-103-110.

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One of the most important tasks of the oil industry is to increase the efficiency of production by increasing the inter-repair period (MCI) of deep-pumping equipment. Currently, a significant number of fields in the Russian Federation are in the final stages of operation, while the method of oil production using downhole rod pumps has become widespread to reduce operating costs. Pumping rods are an important part of such installations. Most wells operated using downhole rod pumps (USPS) have an obliquely directional profile and areas of increased curvature, where, in addition to longitudinal d
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23

Ponikarov, Sergey, and Artem Ponikarov. "Dynamometric study of rod pumps with physical wear." E3S Web of Conferences 592 (2024): 04012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202459204012.

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Rod pumping units are widely used in mature oil fields to artificially lift crude oil to the surface. However, during operation, common failures include rod breaks, pump valve malfunctions, and stuck rods. Incorrect diagnosis of these issues leads to inefficient repair planning and significant financial losses. Rod breaks in particular are dangerous as they can cause sparks, increasing explosion and fire risk. This paper analyzes the causes of sucker rod pump failures using the Novo-Elkhovskoye field as a case study. The authors propose introducing modern technologies and protection systems to
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24

Hasan, A. R., and C. S. Kabir. "Determining Bottomhole Pressures in Pumping Wells." Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal 25, no. 06 (1985): 823–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/11580-pa.

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Abstract The use of the acoustic well sounding (AWS) technique to determine bottomhole pressure (BHP) requires an estimate of the gas-void fraction (f.) in the liquid column of a pumping well annulus. Three correlations relating the annular superficial gas velocity to fg are available for saturated oil columns. These correlations were developed by Godbey and Dimon, Podio et al., and Gilbert as reported by Gipson and Swaim. Use of these correlations for determining the BHP, either flowing or shut in, involves a stepwise numerical integration often performed by a computer. This work addresses th
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25

Costa, Hugo, Dawei Liang, Joana Almeida, et al. "Seven-Grooved-Rod, Side-Pumping Concept for Highly Efficient TEM00-Mode Solar Laser Emission through Fresnel Lenses." Photonics 10, no. 6 (2023): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics10060620.

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Low-cost, lightweight, and easily available Fresnel lenses are a more alluring choice for solar laser power production, when compared to the costly and complex heliostat-parabolic mirror systems. Therefore, a seven-rod solar laser head was designed and numerically studied to enhance the efficiency in TEM00-mode laser power production, employing six Fresnel lenses with 10 m2 total collection area for collection and concentration of sunlight. Six folding mirrors redirected the solar rays towards the laser head, composed of six fused silica aspheric lenses and rectangular compound parabolic conce
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26

Liu, Chun Hua. "Sucker rod string design of the pumping systems." Ingeniería e Investigación 35, no. 2 (2015): 6–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/ing.investig.v35n2.48667.

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The existing design of sucker rod string mainly focuses on the simplifying assumptions that rod string was exposed to simple tension loading. And its goal was to have equal modified stress at the top of each taper. The improved rod design was to have the same degree of safety at each section, and it used a dynamic force distribution that was proportional along the whole string. However, the available procedures did not provide the desired accuracy of its pertinent analysis, and the operators could not identify the specific phenomena that occur in CBM wells. In this paper, the mathematical mode
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27

Habibov, Ibrahim, Sevinc Abasova, and Vusala Huseynova. "Statistical analysis of the relative position of the rod hanger and the wellhead." EUREKA: Physics and Engineering, no. 2 (March 31, 2022): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2461-4262.2022.002267.

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One of the leading methods of exploitation of oil fields is oil production with the help of downhole rod pumping units (DRPU). Over 80 % of the operating well stock of Azneft PA is equipped with deep well pumps and about 30 % of oil is produced in the country with their help.
 The widespread use of DRPU is associated with a fairly high maturity of installations, simplicity of its design and maintenance, repair in field conditions, ease of adjustment, the possibility of servicing the installation by unskilled workers, a small effect on the operation of DRPU of the physical and chemical pro
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28

Mamedov, V. T., D. N. Aslanov, and D. R. Damirova. "Calculating the Load on the Rod Suspension in Unsteady Oscillation Motion of the Well Pumping Unit Rods." Proceedings of Higher Educational Institutions. Маchine Building, no. 1 (730) (January 2021): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.18698/0536-1044-2021-1-3-10.

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The efficiency of a rod pumping unit is determined by the straightness of its rod string, which is impacted by the load when the rod string is in motion. Determining the dependence of the load impacting the rod suspension on the dynamic forces is one of the major issues in ensuring its straightness. In order to provide equal distribution of the stresses along the entire length of the polished rod under dynamic loading, it is necessary to determine the load on its surface, which is impossible without the equation of unsteady motion of the rod string. To this end, the article examines the issues
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29

Zhu, Wenming, Dong Zhao, Qiang Zhang, Shuai Zhao, Rongjiang Wei, and Zhi Xu. "Optimization Analysis of Parameters for Carbon Fiber Composite Sucker Rod Pumping Systems Based on Finite Element Method." Symmetry 17, no. 3 (2025): 343. https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17030343.

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Carbon fiber composite sucker rods represent a technological innovation in oil production systems, exhibiting excellent performance. This sucker rod not only improves oil production efficiency and reduces accidents, but also saves energy and lowers the operating costs of oil wells. However, the working conditions of the carbon fiber composite sucker rod oil extraction system are relatively complex. The carbon fiber composite sucker rod body adopts a symmetrical structure formed by one-time solidification of three layers of fiber (carbon/glass fiber) materials, requiring the use of steel sucker
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30

Tanzharikov, P. A., A. T. Erzhanova, and H. K. Kozhageldin. "IMPROVING THE ROD WELL PUMP FOR PRODUCTION OF WATERED OIL FROM DEEP WELLS." ТЕХНИКА ҒЫЛЫМДАРЫ ЖӘНЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИЯ 2 (2024): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.52081/tst.2024.v02.i6.033.

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At present, the main part of the total reserves of oil fields in Kazakhstan is conducted using rod well pump installations. In the experience of using rod well pumping units, there is a problem of failure of the rod string in the form of breakage and rupture, given that medium-high water production in well production significantly increases corrosion processes and applied loads. Metal corrosion occurs in almost all cases where metal comes into contact with a corrosive environment, in particular with mineralized water, and the metal, depending on the degree and nature of the loading, is subject
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31

Ibayeva, L. "TRANSMISSION MOUNTED ON A BALANCER DETERMINATION OF CHARACTERISTICS OF PUMP JACK." Sciences of Europe, no. 129 (November 27, 2023): 216–21. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10209572.

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The substantiation of the possibility of using in the transmission instead of pump jack a V-belt transmission of a chain transmission is considered, and the issue of non-stop operation of pumping units during floods and floods, when the water level rises to the electric motor and a forced shutdown of oil production occurs. In this case, an electric motor with a transmission, which includes a gearbox and a chain drive, is installed directly on the balancer, and the connecting rods are connected at one end to the cranks mounted on the driven shaft of the gearbox, and at the other end are pivotal
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32

Catela, Miguel, Dawei Liang, Cláudia R. Vistas, et al. "Highly Efficient Four-Rod Pumping Approach for the Most Stable Solar Laser Emission." Micromachines 13, no. 10 (2022): 1670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13101670.

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We report a significant numerical improvement in multi-rod laser efficiency, with an enhanced solar tracking error compensation capacity for a heliostat-parabolic system. The solar laser head was composed of a fused silica conical lens and a single conical pump cavity ensuring multiple passes through four 4.55 mm diameter, 15 mm length Nd:YAG rods. 0.76° tracking error width at 10% laser power loss, and total multimode laser power variation of 0.05% at ±0.1° solar tracking error and 0.30% at ±0.2° solar tracking error were numerically calculated, being 1.27, 74.80 and 21.63 times, respectively
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33

Dement'ev, A. S., A. Jovaiša, E. Stupak, and R. Kačianauskas. "Thermal Stresses and End-Bulging in Cylindrical Laser Rods Under Longitudinal Diode Laser Pumping." Journal of Thermal Stresses 37, no. 1 (2013): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495739.2013.839462.

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34

Topolnikov, A. S. "Modeling of Dynamic Loads on the Polished Rod of Pumping Unit in Case of Mulfunction of Rod Pump Operating." Proceedings of the Mavlyutov Institute of Mechanics 10 (2014): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.21662/uim2014.1.018.

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The paper presents the results of theoretical modeling of joined movement of pump rods and plunger pump and multiphase flow in a well for determination of dynamic loads on the polished rod of pumping unit. The specificity of the proposed model is the possibility of taking into account for complications in rod pump operating, such as leakage in valve steam, presence of gas and emulsion, incorrect fitting of plunger inside the cylinder pump. The satisfactory agreement of results of the model simulation with filed measurements are obtained.
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35

Costa, Hugo, Joana Almeida, Dawei Liang, et al. "Zigzag Multirod Laser Beam Merging Approach for Brighter TEM00-Mode Solar Laser Emission from a Megawatt Solar Furnace." Energies 14, no. 17 (2021): 5437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14175437.

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An alternative multirod solar laser end-side-pumping concept, based on the megawatt solar furnace in France, is proposed to significantly improve the TEM00-mode solar laser output power level and its beam brightness through a novel zigzag beam merging technique. A solar flux homogenizer was used to deliver nearly the same pump power to multiple core-doped Nd:YAG laser rods within a water-cooled pump cavity through a fused silica window. Compared to the previous multibeam solar laser station concepts for the same solar furnace, the present approach can allow the production of high-power TEM00-m
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36

Ingram, Norianne T., Gordon L. Fain, and Alapakkam P. Sampath. "Elevated energy requirement of cone photoreceptors." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 32 (2020): 19599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2001776117.

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We have used recent measurements of mammalian cone light responses and voltage-gated currents to calculate cone ATP utilization and compare it to that of rods. The largest expenditure of ATP results from ion transport, particularly from removal of Na+entering outer segment light-dependent channels and inner segment hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels, and from ATP-dependent pumping of Ca2+entering voltage-gated channels at the synaptic terminal. Single cones expend nearly twice as much energy as single rods in darkness, largely because they make more synapses with seco
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37

Cen, Xue Qi, Xiao Dong Wu, Gang Lei, and Shu Qin Ma. "Research of Rod Pump Load Reducing Technology on Deep Wells." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.808.

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As the sucker-rod pump placement depth increases, the load at the polished rod rises as well. Meanwhile, high load at the polished rod limits further increase of pump placement depth. This paper mainly analyses polished rod load on pumping system units and describes several methods to reduce beam pump load that are used in deep wells. On the basis of theoretical analyzing of three load reducing technologies such as application of compound fiberglass sucker rods, linear electric motors and rod load reducer, it was determined that using compound fiberglass rods in real practical cases shows obvi
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38

Vittorio, M., F. Pisanello, L. Martiradonna, et al. "Recent advances on single photon sources based on single colloidal nanocrystals." Opto-Electronics Review 18, no. 1 (2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11772-009-0026-7.

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AbstractSingle colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are increasingly exploited as triggered sources of single photons. This review reports on recent results on single photon sources (SPS) based on colloidal quantum dots, whose size, shape and optical properties can be finely tuned by wet chemistry approach. First, we address the optical properties of different colloidal nanocrystals, such as dots, rods and dot in rods and their use as single photon sources will be discussed. Then, we describe different techniques for isolation and positioning single QDs, a major issue for fabrication of single photon
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39

Zuleykha Eyvazova, Zuleykha Eyvazova, and Rasim Khairov Rasim Khairov. "CALCULATION OF THE MAIN ELEMENTS OF THE ROPE-PULLEY DRIVE OF A DOWNHOLE ROD PUMPING UNIT." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 14, no. 02 (2023): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm14022023-10.

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The goal of minimizing oil production costs is becoming increasingly crucial in current oil production settings, particularly during the operation of oil fields in the final phases of development and the ever-expanding commissioning of difficult-to-recover hydrocarbon reserves. Oil production practice has shown, lengthening the length of the steel pumping plant's loop needs a lower frequency of rolling, which extends the life of the well equipment and enhances pumping installation performance. The engine's weight and cost increase as the drive lengthens. The necessary characteristics made it i
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40

Ahmedov, Beyali, Isa Khalilov, and Anar Hajiyev. "Ensuring the operational-technological characteristics of the new design solution of the sucker-rod pumping unit." Technology audit and production reserves 3, no. 1(71) (2023): 6–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.284032.

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In Azerbaijan oil production is carried out both in the offshore and onshore. Offshore production is carried out on special platforms, while the onshore exploitation carried out directly by a mechanized method. Thus, the object of study is downhole pumps, which consist of a surface mechanical transmission and downhole equipment. For direct mechanization of ground equipment, a device called rocking machine is used, consisting of transmission and converting mechanisms. The main task of the rocking machine is to ensure the conversion of the rotational motion of the engine into the up and down str
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41

Camaladdin Aslanov, Huseyn Alizade, Camaladdin Aslanov, Huseyn Alizade. "DEVELOPMENT OF DOWNHOLE PUMP VALVE ASSEMBLY." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 20, no. 02 (2024): 132–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm20022024-132.

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The purpose of the work is modernization of the valve, in order to increase reliability, wear resistance, increase the pump flow and reduce the load on the rod string, as well as improve durability. The sucker rod pump is one of the most popular and extensively utilized artificial lift systems. It is a frequently chosen option for lifting oil because of its fundamental simplicity, low operating costs, and adaptability in power supply. In the long run of oil production history, sucker-rod pumping was the first option—and frequently the only option—when artificial lift was required. For this rea
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42

AHMEDOV, Beyali, Isa KHALILOV, and Anar HAJIYEV. "RESEARCH OF RECIPROCATING SPEED OF THE RODS SUSPENSION POINT IN THE LOW-SPEED OPERATION MODE OF THE MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION OF THE SUCKER-ROD PUMP." Machine Science Journal 11, no. 2 (2022): 16–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.61413/mkcj8085.

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The article investigates the problem of determining the number of swings of the rods suspension point of the new constructive solution of the sucker-rod pumping unit in the lowspeed operation mode. It was determined that this small value of the speed causes a decrease in the maximum kinetic energy caused by the mechanical transmission of the rod well pump, and therefore, considering this energy parameter of the system as an analyzed parameter is of great practical importance. Therefore, in the article, as a criterion for the low-speed operation mode, a comparison of the maximum kinetic energy
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43

Zabirov, F. Sh, B. M. Latypov, R. G. Sharafiev, and R. A. Gilmanshin. "Transport of Solid Particles with Fluid Flow in Rotating Pipes." Journal of Applied Engineering Sciences 9, no. 2 (2019): 201–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jaes-2019-0028.

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Abstract The article addresses the recent problem of borehole lifting of oil containing sand solids. The presence of sand in oil produced results in a reduced operating life of downhole equipment. The problem of preventing sanding up and sand formation in pumping equipment may be solved and stable sand production may be ensured by producing oil using borehole screw pumps with a surface-type drive, in which the screw is rotated by rotating hollow rods. Rotating hollow rods improve carry-over of sand particles to the surface with rotational oil flow by imparting additional momentum to these part
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44

Gabrinets, V. A. "Use of a hydraulic brake as a source of thermal energy for the railway rolling stock." Science and Transport Progress, no. 42 (December 25, 2012): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15802/stp2012/9268.

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Introduction: In this paper the braking issues of passenger trains which have a great speed and frequent stops are examines. Problem statement: These processes are ехpensive and have big energy losses. The proposed solution to the problem: The kinetic energy of braking prosses propose to turn into thermal energy of heating fluid. For this purpose special hydraulic brake is proposed. The brake is connected with the wheel carriage pairs. The process is based on the energy dissipation in liqid when the disks with spikes rotate in it. Because the real liquid has friction and viscosity, it will be
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45

Vistas, Cláudia R., Dawei Liang, Miguel Catela, et al. "Fresnel Lens Solar Pumping for Uniform and Stable Emission of Six Sustainable Laser Beams under Non-Continuous Solar Tracking." Sustainability 15, no. 10 (2023): 8218. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15108218.

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A multirod solar laser approach is here proposed to attain uniform and stable multibeam emission under non-continuous solar tracking. A Fresnel lens was used as the primary concentrator. The laser head was composed of a second-stage aspherical lens with a light-guide homogenizer and a third-stage conical pump cavity with six Nd:YAG rods. The solar laser system was optimized through numerical analysis in both Zemax® and LASCAD™ software to obtain six 1064 nm laser beams of similar multimode power. To investigate the effect of the homogenizer on the laser performance, the laser head was compared
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46

Galeev, A. S., S. L. Sabanov, Rais N. Suleymanov, O. V. Filimonov, T. A. Utemisov, and Zh K. Zhanturin. "Express-diagnostics of rods’ parting-twist off at wells equipped with sucker rod pump." Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry 4, no. 1 (2022): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54859/kjogi105588.

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The development of fields that are at a late or final stage of operation is carried out mainly with the use of downhole sucker rod pumps. The most characteristic failures for these installations are rods parting-twist off and malfunctions of pump valves. The methods of eliminating these accidents vary significantly the parting or twist off of the rods involves lifting of the downhole equipment, and the "sticking" of the shut-off valve assembly of the pump is eliminated by "resuscitation" of the downhole equipment (flushing with water, hot oil or solvent). An error in fault identification leads
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47

Wang, Wei Zhang, and Hai Wen Wang. "Research on Fracturing Mechanism of Ground-Drive Screw Pump Polish Rod." Applied Mechanics and Materials 34-35 (October 2010): 1671–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.34-35.1671.

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In addition to vertical pulling force, the ground-drive screw pump oil recovery rod also stands twisting moment and bending moment. The diameter of the polish rod is generally larger than that of the pumping rod, and it stands a bit less stress than the pumping rod close to it, and the polish rod is generally made of relatively better materials. In practice, however, the polish rod fractures more often than the pumping rod above. This thesis considers that if the driving head deflects, the upper and the lower polish rods of the packing set are not in the same axial line, and bending moment wil
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48

Zuleikha Eyvazova, Mehti Jalil-zadeh, Zuleikha Eyvazova, Mehti Jalil-zadeh. "RESEARCH ON THE RESERVES FOR REDUCING THE METAL INTENSITY OF COMMERCIALLY AVAILABLE DOWNHOLE SUCKER-ROD PUMPING UNITS." ETM - Equipment, Technologies, Materials 11, no. 03 (2022): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.36962/etm11032022-14.

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A modern well pumping unit (WPU) consists of downhole equipment, including a downhole sucker-rod pump (BHP), tubing string and pump rods, and surface equipment, including the drive of the downhole sucker-rod pump and wellhead equipment. Each of these elements is serially produced by oil industry in accordance with state standards. In the given article with the purpose of finding out the possibility to decrease metal consumption of serial rocking units the possibility of transition to one-beam welded design of the rocking unit balancer is investigated. Keywords: rocking-type machine, rocker, si
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49

Yan, Renpeng, Haobo Xu, and Xudong Li. "Computation and Verification of Spatial Rate Equations for an Electro-Optically Q-Switched Laser-Diode Side-Pumped Nd:YAG Laser." Applied Sciences 13, no. 9 (2023): 5410. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13095410.

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In a side-pumped laser module, we simulate the pumping power distribution across the cross-section of Nd:YAG rods at varying diameters. The coupled rate equations with the spatial overlap efficiency for a four-level actively Q-switched side-pumped laser are considered complete. After a Q-switched pulse terminates, the expressions of laser output parameters are derived. We assess the single pulse energy, pulse width, and peak power using the analysis function. The 200 Hz Q-switched side-pumped Nd:YAG laser with a peak power of 103 kW and beam quality factors M2 = 1.67 is developed to the validi
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Al-Hosiny, N. M., A. A. El-Maaref, and R. M. El-Agmy. "Mitigation of Thermal Effects in End Pumping of Nd : YAG and Composite YAG/Nd : YAG Laser Crystas, Modelling and Experiments-=SUP=-1-=/SUP=-." Журнал технической физики 91, no. 8 (2021): 1268. http://dx.doi.org/10.21883/jtf.2021.08.51103.38-21.

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In this work, we have presented a finite element (FE) numerical modelling simulations to study and analyze the thermal effects in Nd : YAG and composite YAG/Nd : YAG laser rods. We have calculated the temperature distributions, stress intensity and thermal focal lengths at different pump powers for both rods. The FE simulations showed that using composite laser rod of undoped cap reduces the maximum value of stress intensity and thermal focal length by ~35% and ~ 50%, respectively. We have verified the FE calculations experimentally by direct measurement of fo
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