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Holmsen, Katherine. "Out of the Forest and Into the Market: Social and Economic Transformations in a Bornean Foraging Society." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196088.
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This dissertation is an account of a Bornean hunting and gathering group, the Punan of Long Suluy, as it transitions from an economy based primarily in subsistence foraging to one increasingly oriented to the market and about the accompanying social shifts associated with that transition. It focuses on the period stretching from the mid-1960s until 2004 during which time an Arab Indonesian trader managed to establish and maintain what constituted a one-man monopoly over the Punans' trade in commercialized forest products. The relationship between the Punan and this trader began as one based solely in economics and eventually transformed into a type of patron-client relationship embedded in terms of mutual obligations and quasi-kin relations. As the Punan became increasingly involved in market relations and to adopt values based in material accumulation and an identity referenced outside of their own social group, they became increasingly adversarial with the trader, transitioning from subservient laborers to competitors in the forest product trade. This dissertation investigates both the shifting political economy of the Punan during this time period and their internal social dynamics as they negotiate their increasing participation in the market.
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Easterlita, Napitupulu Rasi Lucentezza. "Behaving Sociably. Sharing and cooperation among contemporary punan tubu in north Kalimantan, Indonesia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/459237.
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El comportamiento prosocial, como compartir y cooperar, es una característica central del ser humano y también es considerada central en la estrategia adaptativa humana. Observaciones y estudios experimentales previos indican que las personas cooperan por diversas motivaciones, las cuales pueden diferir según el contexto. Esta tesis examina el compartir individual y el comportamiento cooperativo de una población de cazadores-recolectores con una fuerte tradición de compartir, los Punan Tubu. Se pregunta cómo este comportamiento cambia a medida que esta sociedad se integra cada vez más en la sociedad nacional indonesia y en el sistema económico de mercado, una situación relevante en muchos países en vías de desarrollo. Metodológicamente, combino observaciones del comportamiento diario recogidas mediante entrevistas a 118 adultos durante 18 meses de observación en dos pueblos, con resultados de dos experimentos de campo llevados a cabo con 212 adultos en siete pueblos con diferentes niveles de integración en el sistema estatal y la economía de mercado.
Las preguntas realizadas en los tres capítulos empíricos son: 1) ¿Cómo se relacionan los niveles individuales de integración en la economía de mercado y la sociedad nacional con una práctica prosocial, i.e., compartir, en una sociedad de pequeña escala?; 2) ¿Están las variaciones en compartir relacionadas con los diferentes niveles de integración en el mercado económico cuando se comparan a) observaciones e información experimental y b) se comparten diferentes productos?; y 3) ¿Hasta qué punto varían los niveles de compromiso en las políticas gubernamentales relacionadas con decisiones de cooperación en programas gubernamentales?
Los resultados de las observaciones empíricas de los comportamientos diarios sugieren que compartir, y más específicamente la demanda de compartir, es un comportamiento prominente entre los contemporáneos Punan Tubu. Más aún, compartir no está directamente relacionado con los niveles individuales de integración en el mercado económico, ni con la participación en programas de desarrollo nacional. Sin embargo, sí encontré la existencia de variaciones en la forma en que los productos alimenticios producidos localmente y comprados en el mercado son compartidos. Argumento que la variación en cómo los productos son compartidos depende de 1) su visibilidad, 2) su significado cultural, y 3) el reparto de las labores de trabajo seguido para producirlos u obtenerlos. La comparación entre compartir en las observaciones de la vida diaria y entre compartir en condiciones experimentales sugiere que los datos obtenidos mediante los dos métodos no están correlacionados, probablemente debido cada uno mide diferentes aspectos de compartir. En el tercer capítulo empírico, analizo el comportamiento cooperativo mediante un juego experimental enmarcado en torno a un programa gubernamental en vigor consistente en la construcción de viviendas que requería cooperación. Encontré que los individuos y los pueblos con experiencia en cooperación con personas más allá de sus familias (i.e., los que han participado previamente en programas gubernamentales) estaban más dispuestos a ejercer un comportamiento cooperativo en condiciones de anonimato.
Los resultados de esta tesis permiten avanzar en el entendimiento de cómo el compartir y la cooperación surgen en un contexto dinámico mediante una perspectiva interdisciplinar basada en una mezcla metodológica de descripción etnográfica, recogida de información de observaciones sistemáticas y juegos experimentales económicos. Esta tesis enfatiza la importancia de examinar la validación externa de juegos experimentales empleados para medir el comportamiento prosocial. Políticas orientadas a capitalizar el comportamiento cooperativo existente para estimular acciones colectivas comunitarias deberían tener en cuenta las condiciones específicas en los que el compartir y la cooperación se dan en un entorno real, ya que ignorarlos puede obstaculizar la consecución del objetivo deseado de comportamiento social.Prosocial behavior, such as sharing and cooperation, is a central characteristic of the human species and is thought to be human adaptive tendency. Previous observational and experimental studies indicate that people share and cooperate under various motivations, which might differ according to the context. This dissertation examines individual sharing and cooperative behavior in a population of contemporary hunter-gatherer group with a strong tradition of sharing, the Punan Tubu. It also question how increasing integration into the Indonesian national society and the market economic system is influencing their prosocial behavior, a situation that is relevant to many indigenous group in developing countries,. Methodologically, I combine observations from daily behavior collected through surveys among 118 adults over 18 months of observations in two villages; with, results from two framed field experiments played with 212 adults in seven villages (including the previous two) with different levels of integration into the state system and the market economy. The questions asked in the three empirical chapters are: 1) how individual levels of integration into the market economy and the national society relate to a prosocial practice, i.e., sharing, in a small-scale society?; 2) do variations in sharing relate to different levels of integration into the market economy when comparing a) observational and experimental data and b) the sharing of different products?; and 3) to what extent varying levels of involvement in development policies relate to decisions to cooperate in government programs? Results from empirical observations of daily behavior suggest that sharing, and more specifically demand sharing (i.e., requesting claim of food/resource), is a prominent behavior among contemporary Punan Tubu. Moreover, sharing is neither directly related to individual levels of integration into the market economy, nor to participation in national development programs. However, I also found that there are variations in the way locally-produced and market-purchased food products are shared. I argue that variation on how products are shared depends on 1) their visibility, 2) their cultural meaning, and 3) the division of labor followed to produce or obtain them. The comparison of sharing in daily life observations and sharing in experimental conditions suggest that data obtained through the two methods are not correlated, probably because each measures different aspect of sharing. In the third empirical chapter, I analyzed cooperative behavior through an economic game experiment, framed around an ongoing house building government program that required cooperation. I found that individuals and villages with experience cooperating with people beyond their kin (i.e., those who had previously participated in government programs) were more likely to display cooperative behavior under anonymous conditions. Findings from this dissertation advance the understanding of how sharing and cooperation arises in a dynamic context with an interdisciplinary perspective based on mix methodology of ethnographic description, systematic observational data collection and experimental economic game. This dissertation emphasizes the importance of examining the Aexternal validity of experimental games used to measure prosocial behavior. Policies aiming to capitalize on existing cooperative behavior to stimulate community collective action should take into account the specific conditions under which sharing and cooperation occurs in daily life setting, as ignoring them might hamper the achievement of the desired outcome of social behavior.
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Césard, Nicolas. "Des objets en partage : produits forestiers, prestations matrimoniales et transformations sociales chez les Punan Tubu, Kalimantan-Est, Indonésie." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0597.
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Ce travail s’attache à comprendre les processus qui sur plus d’un siècle conduisent les groupes nomades du nord-est de Bornéo en Indonésie, à transformer, voire à abandonner, leur mode de subsistance pour adopter des stratégies commerciales, un certain degré de sédentarisation et de nouvelles dispositions sociales. Mon intention est d’apporter un éclairage sur l’évolution des échanges entre ces groupes récemment sédentarisés et le monde extérieur et sur les effets de retour qui en résultent pour leurs structures sociales et leurs usages du milieu naturel. L’ouverture sur l’aval, et en particulier, l’accélération du commerce des produits forestiers non ligneux sur la rivière Tubu a durablement transformé le système matrimonial des bandes Punan de la région. La reconstitution sociohistorique montre l’émergence de nouveaux biens, l’influence déterminante des groupes ethniques voisins et l’adoption de prestations matrimoniales complexes. Outre les stratégies économiques mises en place par chaque famille, unité résidentielle de base, cette recherche sur l’évolution de l’union matrimoniale met en évidence le pragmatisme social des anciens nomades de Bornéo. Considérant leurs actions comme des fins en soi, je montre que les Punan font les choix qui correspondent le mieux à leur situation. La réflexivité des familles sur leur situation actuelle interroge l’histoire du groupe, son parcours, et plus fondamentalement son "idéologie". L’enjeu autour des prestations et de leur fonctionnement apparaît actuellement pour les Punan comme celui d’une reconnaissance identitaire. Prises dans un contexte pluriethnique, les familles sédentarisées hésitent en permanence entre l’affirmation de leur identité originale et le désir de montrer qu’elles ont changéThis thesis seeks to understand the processes that, for over a century, have led the north-eastern nomadic groups of Borneo (Indonesia) to transform, and even abandon, their subsistence way of life in favor of commercial strategies, a sedentary lifestyle, and the adoption of new social dispositions. My intention is to elucidate upon the evolution of exchanges between these recently settled groups and the outside world. Furthermore, this thesis will explore the resulting impacts for their social structures and their use of natural resources. This opening up to the outside world, and in particular the commercialization of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) on the Tubu River, has significantly altered the matrimonial system of Punan groups in the region. A socio-historical reconstruction demonstrates the emergence of new goods, as well as the determining influence of neighboring ethnic groups, and the adoption of a system of complex marriage payments. By focusing on the evolution of marriage over time, this research will explore the economic strategies put in place by each family which remains the group’s primary social unit. In so doing, this thesis brings a more comprehensive understanding to the social pragmatism of ancient Borneo nomads. By considering their practices as ends in themselves, I demonstrate that the decisions the Punan take are always best suited to their current situation. The reflexivity families have on their situation brings into question the group’s history, its trajectory, and more fundamentally, its ideology. The dynamics surrounding the nature and organization of matrimonial payments among the Punan reveal the groups quest for collective identity. Taken in a multi-ethnic context, newly settled families continuously oscillate between their desire to affirm their original identity and demonstrate how they have changed
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Gonzales, Espinoza Luis Antony, and Rojas Gabriel Rafael Hurtado. "Análisis y propuesta de mejora de un sistema de riego en la comunidad de San Geronimo de Punan, Lima." Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7601.
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El objetivo de la investigación es analizar la prefactibilidad de la implementación de un sistema de riego por goteo abarcando la totalidad del área disponible para cultivos, localizada en la comunidad de San Gerónimo de Punan, distrito de Santa Eulalia en Lima Provincias. Se seleccionó el sector de agricultura debido a su relevancia en el país. Este representa el 8,3 % del Producto Bruto Interno y el 31,6 % de la población nacional está vinculada a esta actividad primaria (INEI, 2012). Sin embargo, el sistema de planificación agraria del gobierno (nacional, regional y local) aun no permite establecer políticas de consenso para el desarrollo en el largo plazo (PERU OPPORTUNITY FUND, 2011). Con estas dos premisas se puede concluir que este sector tiene un alto potencial de crecimiento e importancia, pese a esto, la infraestructura actual no es la más idónea. Esto, sumado al bajo nivel de competitividad y rentabilidad agraria, hace que las personas dedicadas a esta actividad no la perciban como una oportunidad de crecimiento.
La propuesta de mejora que se plantea en esta tesis es cambiar el sistema de riego por gravedad por un sistema de riego tecnificado por goteo, considerando información técnica y con el apoyo de herramientas de Investigación de Operaciones. El trabajo de campo se realizó en un área aproximada de 28.3 hectáreas de frutales, cuyos cultivos predominantes son la palta fuerte y la chirimoya cumbe. Se tomó en cuenta las necesidades hídricas específicas de ambos cultivos en su situación climática actual, asi como, la geografía del lugar para elaborar la propuesta de mejora. La problemática se evaluo como un problema de cobertura total y un problema de máxima cobertura. Del primero se obtuvo como resultado la localización de 37 microreservorios para el abastecimiento de agua a toda el área de estudio. El segundo caso resulto en la localización de 25 microreservorios para cubrir el 88% del área cultivable.
Finalmente, tras evaluar la prefactibilidad de ambas opciones se obtuvo que la más eficiente económicamente era la segunda opción, referente a la implementación de 25 microreservorios. El VAN obtenido asciendo a S/. 74 576 y el TIR resultante fue de 34.1%, ambos valores confirmaron la factibilidad económica de la propuesta evaluada.Tesis
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Boedhihartono, Agli Klintuni. "Dilemme à Malinau, Bornéo, être ou ne pas être un chasseur-cueilleur Punan : évolution et transformation d'une communauté de chasseurs-cueilleurs." Paris 7, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA070023.
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Les Punan, communauté de chasseurs-cueilleurs, habitent l'île de Bornéo, une des richesses mondiales de biodiversité. La nature et la culture changent avec le temps. Dans la région isolée de Malinau, Kalimantan-Est, Indonésie, les Punan Tubu et Punan Malinau gèrent le passage à la modernité et veulent paraître comme les autres qui leur semblent plus "évolués". Ils ont une vision idéalisée de l'homme "moderne", une volonté de ressembler aux étrangers, porteurs de puissance, et sont inconscients de l'importance qu'il y a à sauvegarder leur héritage culturel. Le programme de développement et ses rapides "progrès", s'accompagne de la disparition des connaissances traditionnelles, des coutumes, et un affaiblissement des identités culturelles. La population indigène qui est directement dépendante de ce riche environnement change inévitablement son mode de vie. Cette transformation de l'environnement socioculturel, économique, politique et écologique due à la sédentarisation, est difficileThe Punan, a community of hunter-gatherers, lives in the island of Borneo, one of the remaining important forest areas on earth for its biodiversity. Nature and culture change with time. In the isolated area of Malinau, East Kalimantan, Indonesia, the Punan Tubu and Punan Malinau manage the transformation to a modern life and have the desire to appear like others whom they consider to be more "advanced". They have an ideal vision of "modern" man, holder of power, without realizing the importance of their own cultural heritage. Disappearance of traditional knowledge, customs and a weakening cultural identity accompany development programme and its rapid "progress". Directly dependant to this rich environment, the indigenous population is constraint to change its way of life. The transformation of this sociocultural, economical, political and ecological environment due to settling process, is difficult
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Falatouri, Puran [Verfasser]. "Schichtarbeit, Chronodisruption und mögliche Prostatakrebsrisiken? / Puran Falatouri." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032280018/34.
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Robinson, Danielle D. Sandvol Eric Alan. "Seismic anisotropy beneath the southern Puna Plateau." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri--Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5362.
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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on December 30, 2009). Thesis advisor: Dr. Eric Sandvol. Includes bibliographical references.
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Bennett, Manzano Magdalena. "Climate and biodiversity in the Andean Dry Puna." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b1e05534-66d2-4d46-b591-b0e23451afcf.
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Arid mountain systems and their biological diversity are particularly vulnerable to changes in climate. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate climate variability and its impacts on ecological systems at different spatial and temporal scales, focusing on the Dry Puna ecoregion in the Central Andes, around the triple frontier of Argentina, Bolivia and Chile, and using a combination of climate data, data from remote sensors, and ecological surveys. I expanded on earlier generalized climatic trends by empirically assessing climate variability since 1980 with a larger set of weather stations at high elevation. I found no consistent temporal trends in temperature and rainfall, but high inter-annual variation in rainfall associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effects. Climate and topography affected vegetation productivity (measured as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index NDVI) in the Dry Puna in various ways. Primary productivity was overall low but higher in the High Plateau, under the humid influence of the Amazon. There was no significant temporal trend in productivity in the study area since 1980 and NDVI variability was chiefly driven by ENSO conditions (lower during El Niño years, with dry and hot summers). At a finer scale, vegetation types responded to low rainfall in different ways; tussock grasslands were the most affected by low rainfall; wetlands and scrublands the most resilient. The aridity of the Dry Puna also poses particular ecological limitations to animals. Using species distribution models and resource selection functions I showed that mesocarnivores coexist in this low productive ecosystem by selecting key resources at different degrees and scales, including free water, clusters of prey and refuge. The endangered Andean cat Leopardus jacobita, the most specialized, was also the most selective at finer scales and showed the larger spatial overlap with its preferred prey the southern mountain viscacha Lagidium viscacia. Using bioclimatic models at the continental level, I predicted that suitable habitats for Andean cats will decline under future scenarios of climate change by up to a third by 2080. Although 15% would still be represented within the current network of protected areas, there will be a dramatic decline in the northern reach of the species range. Given the dearth of earlier climatic and ecological studies in the Dry Puna, this thesis makes a substantial contribution to better understand the impact of climate on the productivity of this dry environment, and how threatened species may interact and respond to current and projected climate conditions.
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Abolghasemzadeh, Puyan [Verfasser]. "Ganzheitliche, modellbasierte Ingenieurmethoden zu hochperformanten Sicherheitsanalysen in Gebäuden / Puyan Abolghasemzadeh." Aachen : Shaker, 2012. http://d-nb.info/106773483X/34.
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Barbarán, Francisco R., and Humberto Arias. "Migraciones en la puna: su relación con el uso de los recursos naturales del departamento Los Andes." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119669.
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From an historic and demographic perspective, as well as the use of natural resources, we analyzed the relationship between human migrations and the economic activities of Los Andes Department, West of the Salta Province, in NW Argentina. Using the residual method, we calculated migratory balances between Argentinean population censuses carried out in 1947,1960, 1970, 1980 and 2001. The migratory balances were negative for all the periods studied. When the train started to run through Ramal C-14, the workers who built it have to find jobs somewhere else. At the same time, the railway made easier for the natives, to find better economicopportunities out of the Puna. The close of mine La Casualidad by the end of the 70’s, the low creation of jobs by the remaining mining operations, focused in to hire qualified technicians no available in Los Andes and the privatization of the railway in early 90’s, were important factors of emigration. Despite of cattle rising as the main economic activity in rural areas, it is practiced without any technology of management. The overgrazing caused for that reason, has reduced almost to the half the quantity of sheep by inhabitant between 1947 and 2001. That is why the local people have to press more on the wildlife, trading illegally with vicuña (Vicugna vicugna) fiber. Despite of a touristic development plan, a law promoting sheep rising and a census of vicuña population carried out by the provincial government, these recent actions should be part of a development project of regional scale, oriented to the sustainable use of the natural resources of Los Andes Department. That project would create jobs and discourage emigration.Desde una perspectiva histórica, demográfica y del uso de los recursos naturales, analizamos la relación existente entre las migraciones humanas y las actividades económicas en el departamento Los Andes, ubicado al W de la provincia de Salta, en el Noroeste Argentino. Usando el método residual, calculamos los saldos migratorios entre los censos de 1947, 1960, 1970, 1980 y 2001, con resultados todos negativos. Al inaugurarse el Ramal C-14 en 1948, los obreros y técnicos que participaron en su construcción, tuvieron que buscar empleo en otra parte, mientras los habitantes locales vieron facilitada gracias al tren, la posibilidad de buscarmejores oportunidades económicas fuera de la puna. El cierre de mina La Casualidad a fines de los años setenta, la baja demanda de mano de obra de la minería remanente, concentrada en técnicos calificados extraños a la región y la privatización del ferrocarril a principios de los años noventa, fueron importantes factores de expulsión de población. Aunque la ganadería es la principal actividad económica en las áreas rurales, esta se practica sin ninguna tecnología de manejo y generan sobrepastoreo, el que redujo casi a la mitad la cantidad de ovejas por habitante entre 1947 y 2001. Esto obliga a los lugareños a presionar sobre la fauna para subsistir, lo que explica el comercio ilegal de fibra de vicuña (Vicugna vicugna). Aunque existe un plan de desarrollo turístico, una ley de reactivación de la ganadería ovina y se ha realizado un censo de las poblaciones de vicuñas en el nivel gubernamental, estas acciones recientes deberían formar parte de un proyecto de desarrollo de escala regional, orientado al uso sostenible de los recursos naturales, lo que crearía empleo y desalentaría la emigración.
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Kang, Sungwoo. "Colonizing the Port City Pusan in Korea : a study of the process of Japanese domination in the urban space of Pusan during the open-port period (1876-1910)." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2012. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:607156dd-6a4c-4c3c-a465-aa97d06c8d6e.
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This dissertation aims to analyze the transformation of Pusan by examining the social, political, economic, and cultural changes during the open-port period (1876-1910). Prior to annexation, Pusan, as the first open port in Korea, reflected features of the colonial urban development in which alien power achieved and sustained a hegemonic domination on socio-cultural-economic dimensions of people’s lives. Colonial history in Korea has been divided and moving on parallel lines. The ‘nationalist school’ and the ‘socioeconomic school’ have failed to come together and move us into a deeper understanding of the Japanese colonial period. In order to narrow the gap between the two schools of thought, this thesis suggests looking at ‘colonial modernity’ through the analytical lens of the colonial city of Pusan. The approach examines changes in the social, economic, and cultural life of people rather than through the traditional binary construction of ‘victim versus victimizer’ or ‘colonial repression versus national resistance.’ In particular, I pay close attention to the fact that colonization is a process of imperial expansion by means of colonialists. In the end, the process of colonization in Pusan was a process by which the Japanese settlers expanded in wealth, population, influence, and power. The cluster of factors – enlargement of settlement (living space), the expansion of the economy (economic opportunity), improvement of public enterprises, such as transportation infrastructure, water supply and hygiene (improving quality of life) – were catalysts for the Japanese settlers to take up residence in Pusan. Based on the transformation of the urban space of Pusan at this micro level, I discuss a hierarchy of power relations within the spatial boundary of Pusan. In other words, I focus on human aspects of these changes rather than on systemic changes. I attempt to demonstrate how studying a city can offer a useful category of analysis for the question of ‘modernity’ in Korea.
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Calhoun, John Patrick. "Morphology and alignment of volcanic vents : Puna Plateau, NW Argentina /." Connect to resource, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/45059.
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Zhao, Puyan [Verfasser]. "Arabidopsis thaliana matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in plant defense against pathogens / Puyan Zhao." Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2012. http://d-nb.info/1064838278/34.
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Kaulicke, Peter. "Contribuciones hacia la cronología del Periodo Arcaico en las punas de Junín." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113493.
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Some Contributions to the Chronology of the Archaic Period in the Punas of JunínThe stratigraphy and the typology from the Uchkumachay excavations are presented as well as preliminary results of a comparative study undertaken in collaboration with D. Lavallée and M. Julien. These data bear major importance on the building of a general chronology and synthesis of the Archaic Period which still is missing for the Junín area in spite of being one of the best studied areas in the Central Andes for the time period in question.La estratigrafía y tipología de Uchkumachay, Junín, están presentadas así como los resultados preliminares de un estudio comparativo entre Uchkumachay y Telarmachay en colaboración con D. Lavallée y M. Julien. Estos resultados tienen mayor importancia para la formación de una cronología general del Periodo Arcaico en el área de Junín la cual es una de las áreas mejor estudiadas de los Andes Centrales durante este periodo pero que aguarda aún una síntesis general y la presentación más completa de los datos disponibles.
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Jeong, Boulie. "Étude de la prosodie du dialecte de Pusan en Corée du Sud." Paris 7, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA070023.
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Par rapport au coreen standard, le dialecte de pusan est percu comme ayant une melodie particuliere, ce qui peut expliquer certaines tendances a le considerer comme une langue a ton. Il est plutot preferable de le considerer comme une langue a accent tonal. En effet, l'accent, qui est une propriete lexicale, est assigne au ton haut. La succession des tons hauts et bas est determinee par des proprietes d'association, ainsi que des regles de propagation definies dans le cadre de la theorie autosegmentalePusan korean is described as having certain regular pitch patterns which is not the case of so-called standard korean, and which has led some scholars to speak of a tone language. It is preferable to consider it as a pitch-accent language where accent. A lexical property, is linked to a high tone. The succession of high and low tones is given by association properties and propagation rules well defined in the frame of autosegmental theory
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Picard, François. "L'Harmonie universelle : les avatars de Pu'an Zhou, pièce de musique bouddhique chinoise." Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010550.
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Nous retrouvons la coexistence des deux titres pu'an zhou et shitan zhang tant dans un contexte purement bouddhique que dans les recueils musicaux. Il en existe de nombreuses variantes dans les repertoires de cour, de cithare qin, de luth pipa, dans les repertoires d'ensembles professionnels et populaires comme dans les musiques de temple. Le zhou est une incantation; l'usage de ce type d'incantation a ete introduit en chine par le bouddhisme. Pu'an est un moins ch'an du douzieme siecle. Shitan est la transcription de siddham, le syllabaire sanskrit, qui fut vraisembla blement refondu par pu'an d'une maniere unique dans la litterature chinoise. Nous retrouvons dans toutes les versions musicales etudiees -sauf une- des motifs melodico-rythmiques cara- cteristiques qui subissent des procedes de variations qui ont pour resultat de rendre ces versions meconnaissables. Ces provedes sont particuliers a chaque genre et varient suivant le lieu et l'epoque. Ils peuvent etre opposes aux procedes occidentaux de l'orchestration et de l'arrangement. Certains concepts importants dans la theorie mu- sicale chinoise sont ici inadequats et amenent a reevaluer l'importance des pratiques dans l'elaboration musicale autour de la notion de mutation et au detriment du respect des systemes officiels. Tant l'usage de l'incantation a des fins meditatives que l'analyse d'ne langue en phonemes decomposables en voyelles et consonnes sont etran- gers a la chine; on les retrouve pourtant dans notre texte, qui se trouve ainsi dou- blement depourvu de sens. Les musiciens chinois ont vers 1800 meconnu la valeur esthe- tique d'un tel texte et ont eprouve le besoin d'ajouter un caractere descriptifIn buddhist texts aswell as in music we find both pu'an zhou and shitan zhang as titles. There are many variances in court, professionnal and popular ensembles, in qin and pipa repertory. Zhou is a spell and was introduced by buddhism. Shitan is the sanskrit syllabary, which was reconfigured by pu'an, a twelfth century buddhist monk. The use of spell together with the analysis of a language through voyels and consunants were stranger to china and so led to a lack of meaning. Around 1800, chinese musicians tried to reintroduce meaning to this piece through a descriptive program. All musical versions but one are related by the use of characteristic melodicorythmic cells which are varied by operations which make them unidentifiables. Some important concepts of chinese music appear here to be unuseful. The relationship between music and practice is therefore reevaluated through the concept of mutation
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Yacobaccio, Hugo D., and Marcelo R. Morales. "Pleistocene Environments and Early Human Occupation in the Puna Of Argentina." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113540.
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In this paper we present paleoenvironmental evidence of the Late Pleistocene and Early Holocene in order to understand the process of human settlement in the Puna region of Argentina. We will analyze chronological evidence and the archaeological record of early hunter-gatherer occupations dated between 10,500 to 9000 BP (12,500 to 10,000 cal BP). Finally, we discuss specific cultural and environmental aspects related to the human dispersion and colonization of the altiplano zone.En este trabajo se presentan las evidencias paleoambientales de finales del Pleistoceno y comienzos del Holoceno con el fin de entenderel proceso de poblamiento humano en la región de la Puna de Argentina. Se analizarán las evidencias relacionadas con lacronología y el registro arqueológico de las ocupaciones tempranas de cazadores-recolectores datadas entre 10.500 AP hasta 9000 AP (12.500-10.000 cal AP). Por último, discutiremos aspectos culturales y ambientales específicos vinculados con la dispersión y colonización humana del espacio altiplánico.
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Putan, Diana [Verfasser]. "Uniqueness of equilibrium states in some models of interacting particle systems / Diana Putan." Bielefeld : Universitätsbibliothek Bielefeld, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1057957062/34.
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Rick, John W., and Katherine M. Moore. "El Precerámico de las punas de Junín: el punto de vista desde Panaulauca." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113353.
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The Preceramic Period in the Punas of Junín from the Point of View of Panaulauca SiteThe Panaulauca preceramic site of the Peruvian central highland region known as the Puna de Junin is a key location for understanding early Andean hunting adaptations and the eventual transition to herding. Our excavations in the cave mouth area and on the talus slope of this site have revealed a substantial occupation beginning well before 7000 B.C., and lasting until historical times. We have recovered extensive stone tool, faunal, and botanical data that we use here to define the major economic and social transitions that occurred during and after the Preceramic Period. Early Preceramic phases of occupation show a growing exploitation of camelids, principally the vicuña, while settlement patterns suggest a certain amount of mobility with a wet season emphasis in Panaulauca. By Middle and Late Preceramic times, however, the site is occupied year round in a pattern of increasing sedentism. A major reliance on herding is not seen until Formative times, but by this point Panaulauca is no longer a major center of occupation, and cannot be considered a reasonable sample of these later cultural patterns.EI sitio precerámico de Panaulauca, ubicado en la puna de Junín en la Sierra Central del Perú, es un sitio de mucha importancia para entender la adaptación de cazadores de altura y su eventual transición al pastoreo. Nuestras excavaciones en la boca de la cueva de Panaulauca y en su talud, han demostrado una larga ocupación, comenzando significativamente antes de 7000 A.N.E., y siguiendo quizás hasta tiempos históricos. Se recuperaron datos muy extensos de la industria lítica y restos de fauna y flora que se usaron para definir los cambios económicos y sociales a través de tiempo. Las fases del Precerámico Temprano tienen evidencia de camélidos con un patrón de uso que crece a través del tiempo, especialmente la vicuña, dentro de un patrón de asentamiento que en principio muestra evidencia de cierta movilidad estacional que enfatiza la época de lluvias para Panaulauca. En contraste, llegando al Precerámico Medio y Tardío se reconocen una ocupación del sitio a través de todo el año y un creciente sedentarismo. La evidencia para una vida principalmente basada en el pastoreo en Panaulauca no viene sino hasta el Formativo, aunque siempre se tiene que tener en cuenta que tales cuevas no fueron los centros de ocupación en tiempos post-precerámicos.
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Aldunate, Carlos, Victoria Castro, and Varinia Varela. "Antes del Inka y después del Inka: paisajes culturales y sacralidad en la puna de Atacama, Chile." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113305.
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Before the Inka and After the Inka: Cultural Lansdcapes and Sacredness in the Puna of Atacama, ChileThe objective of the present study is to explore ideological aspects of towns of the late pre-Hispanic periods (900-1500 C.E.) located in the upper valleys of the Atacama, on the western slopes of the southern Andes, which are related to the tradition of the south-central Andean area. The surprising aspects of cultural continuity that exist among the present-day inhabitants of communities in this area permit the authors to interpret the material remains left by the pre-Columbian inhabitants.In this study, results are presented of fieldwork undertaken by the authors that pertain to the beliefs of older community members of the puna of Atacama. In particular, emphasis will be given to rituals related to the mountains and the transformations that came about with the incorporation of this region into Tawantinsuyu.El objetivo del presente trabajo es explorar aspectos ideológicos de los pueblos prehispánicos de los periodos tardíos (900-1500 d.C.) que se asentaron en las quebradas altas de Atacama, en las laderas occidentales de los Andes surandinos, ligados a la tradición del área centro-sur andina. Los sorprendentes aspectos de continuidad cultural que existen entre los actuales pueblos originarios de este lugar han permitido a los autores interpretar los restos materiales dejados por los pueblos precolombinos.Este trabajo presenta algunos resultados de los trabajos realizados por los autores acerca de las creencias de los antiguos habitantes de la puna de Atacama. Se hará énfasis, muy especialmente, en los rituales relacionados con las montañas y las transformaciones sufridas con la incorporación de esta región al Tawantinsuyu.
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Saignes, Thierry. "Valles y punas en el debate colonial: la pugna sobre los pobladores de Larecaja." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121648.
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Rewai-Couch, Melanie R. "Puna kōrero: iwi and schools working together to support Māori student success." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Education, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/10250.
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This thesis explores the notion that iwi and schools working together can contribute to
culturally responsive curriculum and schooling. It investigates how some schools have
formed genuine education partnerships with iwi, and provides answers to the following
question: in what ways are iwi and schools working together to support Māori students?
An understanding of communities of practice, and what Māori student success looks like,
are essential. Imperatives for education partnerships and the educational policy, and
drivers for partnership are foundational in understanding and connecting collaboration
between iwi and schools with the wider educational picture in Aotearoa New Zealand.
In New Zealand, Māori are not as successful as their non-Māori peers. Approaches to
achieving education equity, including collaboration with iwi and Māori, is important for
informing education approaches and strategy. How those approaches are informed,
developed and implemented is equally important in achieving models likely to positively
affect Māori achievement in education. This is also important in ensuring that
participation expectations of iwi are co-constructed, reasonable and appropriately
resourced.
The theoretical base of this study draws upon the literature review on collaboration
between Māori/iwi and the New Zealand education system, as well as international
literature on supporting Indigenous students, using a community of practice approach.
The metaphor of ‘puna kōrero’ is used in this research, as an approach allowing for
consideration of different sites of investigation using an organic, kaupapa (issue, topic)
Māori perspective. The three puna kōrero explored are Te Kauhua: A Ministry of
Education funded professional development programme for schools and iwi; iwi voices:
six iwi education representatives speak about their experiences working with schools and
advancing their iwi education aspirations; Wai Study Help: an English-literacy
programme operating in a kura kaupapa Māori (Māori immersion schooling) setting that
has partnerships with its local university and iwi. From these puna kōrero, implications
for iwi, schools and the Ministry of Education are considered.
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Exploration of the three puna kōrero identified passionate leadership and purposeful
membership, funding and resourcing, monitoring and defining success,
whakawhanaungatanga (nurturing relationships with others) and involvement of whānau
(family) as key themes. Motivations for schools and iwi to work together are explored,
along with rationale for the Ministry of Education’s support of iwi-school communities of
practice. A framework for iwi-school communities of practice is proposed, including
recommendations for iwi, schools and the Ministry of Education.
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Montenegro, Mónica. "La construcción del patrimonio arqueológico en una comunidad de la puna de Jujuy, Argentina en tiempos de globalización." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú. Centro de Investigación en Geografía Aplicada, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/119767.
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We share some thoughts on the building of the archaeological patrimony at an Altiplano community in northwestern Argentina.The tourist development programs that are being implemented in our province in recent years have given way to changes in the traditional way of life of the local communities. Some processes of patrimony activation have been emphasized which put into value the local resources within a global context.This dynamics is also shown in the educational community, who from certain pedagogic processes, it is actively inserted in the construction of the local patrimony. We value their representations on this process and reflexion on the archaeology, education, and community relationships.Compartimos reflexiones acerca de la construcción del patrimonio arqueológico, en una comunidad altiplánica del Noroeste Argentino (NOA).Los programas de desarrollo turístico que han venido implementándose en nuestra provincia en el transcurso de los últimos años, han motivado cambios en el modo tradicional de vida de las comunidades locales. Se han enfatizado ciertos procesos de activación patrimonial que valorizan los recursos locales en un contexto globalizado.Esta dinámica también se manifiesta en la comunidad educativa que, a partir de ciertos procesos pedagógicos, participa activamente de la construcción del patrimonio local. Rescatamos sus representaciones acerca de este proceso y reflexionamos sobre la relación entre arqueología, educación y comunidad.
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Gentile, Margarita E. "Inca Presence in the "Landscape of Events" of the Puna de Jujuy Sector: Huanca, Usno, Cachauis and Quipildor." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/113633.
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The northeast sector of the highland of Jujuy was part of the Collasuyu region, in the south zone of the Tahuantinsuyu. There are clearly visible four architectural elements that was part of the "landscape events" between XV and XX centuries, huanca, usnu, cachauis and quipildor, which are related with different but not various, periodical ceremonies destined to remember and to ask the help of the ancestors and the Lightning deity. As well, all of them are of common visibility in the archaeology and folklore of the zone.El sector noroeste del altiplano jujeño formó parte del Collasuyu, rumbo sur del Tahuantinsuyu. Allí son claramente visibles cuatro elementos arquitectónicos que formaron parte del "paisaje de acontecimientos" entre los siglos XV y XX: huanca, usnu, cachauis y quipildor, relacionados con distintas, pero no diversas, ceremonias periódicas destinadas a recordar y solicitar la ayuda de los antepasados y el Rayo. Todos ellos son, además, de regular visibilidad en la arqueología y folklore de la zona.
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Shin, Soo Gill. "Experiencing inner healing through confession and prayer /." Free full text of English translastion is available to ORU patrons only; click to view:, 2006. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1268599501&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=456&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Coutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique Cénozoïque du Haut Plateau de la Puna, Nord Ouest Argentin, Andes Centrales." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00620066.
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Les Andes Centrales sont l'exemple type d'une chaîne se développant le long d'une marge active en contexte non collisionel et résultent de la subduction légèrement oblique (-N75°E) de la plaque océanique Nazca sous le continent sud-américain. Elles sont caractérisées par la présence du haut plateau de l'Altiplano-Puna s'étendant depuis le Pérou au Nord jusqu'en Argentine au Sud et présentant une altitude moyenne avoisinant 4000 m. Le plateau est bordé par deux chaînes culminant à près de 6500 rn d'altitude : l'arc volcanique chilien à l'Ouest et la Cordillère Orientale à l'Est. Il possède une morphologie particulière s'exprimant sous la forme d'étendues planes montrant une forte extension géographique et est caractérisé par un drainage hydrographique interne. La croûte continentale y est fortement épaissie et atteint localement 80 km. Le haut plateau de la Puna se localise à l'extrême Nord-Ouest de l'Argentine (22°00'S-26°30'S et 65°30'W et 68°00'W) et correspond à la terminaison Sud de l'Altiplano bolivien. Il se caractérise par une altitude moyenne;::: 4400 m. Sa structuration interne s'organise en chaînons de socle épimétamorphique précambrien et paléozoïque, bordés par des chevauchements à forts pendages (;:::60°), s'orientant suivant une direction Nl0°E. Ces chaînons alternent avec des bassins compressifs intramontagneux cénozoïques au sein desquels le remplissage sédimentaire, pour majeure partie d'origine continentale, atteint des épaisseurs de l'ordre de 6000 m. Cette étude met en évidence (1) l'orientation des axes principaux de Ja déformation finie cénozoïque à travers la Puna. L'axe principal de raccourcissement (À3) est subhorizontal et s'oriente suivant une direction ONO-ESE à NO-SE, l'axe principal d'allongement (Àl) est subvertical. Les chevauchements n'admettent pas de composante décrochante marquée alors que l'on attend de la transpression dextre dans cette région. L'orientation du raccourcissement est oblique par rapport à une direction E-0 attendue. Ces directions ont probablement été déviées dans le sens horaire, en réponse à la courbure oroclinale de la chaîne durant le Cénozoïque. Des données d'Anisotropie de Susceptibilité Magnétique permettent de s'affranchir de ces rotations. Elles indiquent qu'à l'échelle de la Puna, les directions principales de raccourcissement s'orientent initialement suivant une direction E-0 et qu'à l'échelle des Andes Centrales, elles s'organisent radialement autour de l'arc, au voisinage d'un front de déformation andin possédant une géométrie convexe vers l'Est et dont la courbure doit s'accentuer au cours du Cénozoïque, au fur et à mesure de sa propagation vers l'Est, (2) L'âge de l'initiation du raccourcissement horizontal à travers la Puna est considéré comme s'étant essentiellement produit durant la phase Quechua de l'orogenèse andine, au Miocène Moyen à Supérieur (14-10 Ma). Cependant, la nature du remplissage sédimentaire des bassins intramontagneux, la géométrie symptomatique de dépôts syntectoniques de certaines séquences paléogènes et des datations radiométriques par la méthode des traces de fission sur apatites indiquent qu'un raccourcissement significatif s'initie dès l'Eocène Supérieur à travers cette région arrière arc, (3) A travers la Puna, les rotations tectoniques obtenues par une étude de paléomagnétisme sont horaires. A l'échelle de la chaîne (depuis le Pérou/Nord Bolivie jusqu'au Nord Chili/Nord Argentine), les relations entre l'orientation des structures majeures et les rotations paléomagnétiques valident le modèle d'une courbure oroclinale progressive des Andes Centrales durant le Cénozoïque.
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Coutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique cénozoïque du haut plateau de la Puna : Nord-Ouest argentin, Andes centrales /." Rennes : Géosciences, Université de Rennes I, 1999. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37096577m.
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Coutand, Isabelle. "Tectonique cenozoique du haut plateau de la puna, andes centrales, nord ouest argentin." Rennes 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN10017.
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Le plateau de la puna (no argentine) correspond a la terminaison sud de l'altiplano bolivien. Il resulte de la convergence entre la plaque oceanique nazca et la plaque continentale amerique du sud, suivant une direction ene-oso. Le plateau est caracterise par une altitude moyenne 4400 m et une croute epaisse de 70 km. La carte topographique numerique, les images satellites, la cartographie de surface et les donnees de sismique reflexion, indiquent que la puna est composee d'alternance de blocs de socle protero-paleozoique et de bassins continentaux cenozoiques. Les chevauchements s'orientent nne-sso. Ils sont distribues a travers le plateau et vergent alternativement vers l'est et l'ouest. La cartographie et les analyses de populations de failles indiquent que les chevauchements n'admettent pas de composante decrochante dextre comme on pourrait s'y attendre dans cette region. L'age de l'initiation du raccourcissement de la puna est considere comme etant miocene superieur. Cependant, la geometrie du remplissage des bassins indique que la deformation s'est initiee au paleogene superieur. Les analyses de populations de failles indiquent que l'orientation des axes principaux de la deformation sont uniformes a travers la region. Les axes d'allongement sont verticaux, les axes de raccourcissement sont horizontaux et s'orientent no-se. Ces orientations sont obliques par rapport a la direction de convergence entre les plaques. Les directions de la deformation ont ete deviees horairement en reponse a la courbure de l'orocline bolivien. L'anisotropie de susceptibilite magnetique mesuree dans les sediments cenozoiques du plateau, montre des lineations magnetiques attribuees au raccourcissement. Ces donnees indiquent les directions de raccourcissement originales enregistrees par les sediments durant leur aimantation. La disposition radiale de ces directions autour de l'orocline bolivien resulte de la geometrie courbe du front de deformation flanquant la chaine a l'est.
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Osorio, Ferrada Daniela Paz. "Reevaluación del Arcaico Temprano de la Puna Seca: (~12.000 años cal. AP- 9.000 años cal. AP) Implicancias para el Poblamiento Inicial del Altiplano del Norte Grande de Chile." Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2013. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/115447.
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Memoria para optar al título de ArqueólogaPor mucho tiempo el Paleoindio, período caracterizado por la asociación de grupos humanos a fauna extinta y al uso de artefactos con un estilo formal bien definido, se estableció como el inicio de la secuencia temporal en América, asimilándose a su vez como primera etapa de desarrollo cultural. Si bien los indicadores paleoindios han sido registrados en el semiárido, centro y sur de Chile, para el Norte Grande la escasa evidencia se reduce a dos puntas de proyectil cola de pescado identificadas en los sitios Punta Negra 1 e Imilac. El escenario se torna aún más complejo para el área de la Puna Seca, donde este “inicial” período Paleoindio resulta completamente inexistente. ¿Cómo entender esta situación? ¿Cuál es la procedencia de los contextos arcaicos que surgen de forma desconectada, sin antecedentes? Responder estas interrogantes sólo puede realizarse después problematizar y reevaluar los códigos con los que se ha construido la arqueología del poblamiento temprano, que han derivado básicamente en un análisis centrado en la búsqueda de artefactos diagnósticos,delineando una propuesta tipológica con fines de ordenamiento que no ha aportado sustancialmente a la cuestión del origen cultural de las ocupaciones arcaicas. Considerando estos vacíos, esta investigación planteó el re-estudio de colecciones de los sitios más tempranos conocidos para la Puna Seca, correspondientes a la segunda fase arcaica Patapatane (ca.9.500-8.000 años AP, Santoro y Núñez 1987), pero que no han sido analizados de manera sistemática. Desde una amplitud teórica que trasciende los tipos Paleoindio v/s Arcaico, el análisis de los materiales de estos sitios -esencialmente los líticos- buscó generar una interpretación integradora, abordando el tema del poblamiento inicial desde las actividades identificadas más que de los tipos de instrumentos presentes. La 5 finalidad fue aportar con una base empírica sólida a la caracterización e interpretación cultural de las ocupaciones tempranas del área.
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Ahn, SooJeong. "The Pusan International Film Festival 1996-2005 : South Korean cinema in local, regional, and global context." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2008. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10513/.
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Despite the growing academic attention to film festivals, there has been little critical discourse about such events staged outside the West. This thesis aims to address this gap by providing a social, political and cultural exploration of the Pusan International Film Festival (PIFF) in South Korea between 1996 and 2005. The thesis utilises empirical research to reveal how the festival staked out a unique and influential position within a rapidly changing global landscape. Particular attention is paid to the organisersors' use of an Asian regionalisation strategy to promote the festival locally and globally. This study claims that PIFF has gone further than any other film festival in constructing a regional identity and maintaining a strong and mutually beneficial link to its national film industry. Research into PIFF's special relationship with both the national and regional film industries uncovers the previously unexplored roles that film festivals play in film production, in addition to their traditional functions of exhibition and distribution. To place this analysis in context, the thesis examines the politico-economic factors that influenced the establishment of the festival, its programming, the project market (the Pusan Promotion Plan), and its tenth anniversary in 2005. The study argues that analysis of PIFF reveals tensions and negotiations between the "national" and the "transnational" in the wake of economic and cultural globalisation in East Asia. The thesis serves as a case study of how contemporary film festivals adjust their roles and identities to adapt to local, regional and global change.
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Calland, Brett M. "Marine close air support on the Pusan perimeter during the early months of the Korean War." Virtual Press, 2002. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1246468.
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This thesis presents a qualitative analysis of the Marine experience in the Korean War with air power. Evidence suggests that Marine Close Air Support in the early months of the Korean War was superior to Navy and Air Force CAS. The Marine Corps collected interviews during the war, which support this conclusion. Interviews were taken with pilots, commanders, tactical air coordinators, forward air controllers, mechanics, infantrymen and other front line soldiers who experienced the CAS in the opening months of the war. Many factors contributed to this qualitative difference including; training, doctrine, control system, and type of planes used. This qualitative difference amounted to the superiority of Marine CAS in the opening months of the Korean War.Department of History
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Middleton, Angela. "Te Puna : the archaeology and history of a New Zealand Mission Station, 1832-1874." Thesis, University of Auckland, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2292/2381.
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This thesis examines the archaeology and history of Te Puna, a Church Missionary Society (CMS) mission station in the Bay of Islands, New Zealand. Te Puna was first settled in 1832 following the closure of the nearby Oihi mission, which had been the first mission station and the first permanent European settlement in New Zealand. Te Puna, located alongside the imposing Rangihoua Pa, was the home of missionaries John and Hannah King and their children for some forty years. As well as being a mission station, Te Puna was also the site of the family’s subsistence farm. The research is concerned with the archaeological landscape of Te Puna, the relationship between Maori and European, the early organisation and economy of the CMS, the material culture of New Zealand’s first European settlers, and the beginnings of colonisation and the part that the missions played in this. Artefacts recovered from archaeological investigations at the site of the Te Puna mission house are connected with other items of missionary material culture held in collections in the Bay of Islands, including objects donated by the King family. The archaeological record is also integrated with documentary evidence, in particular the accounts of the CMS store, to produce a detailed picture of the daily life and economy of the Te Puna mission household. This integration of a range of sources is also extended to produce a broader view of the material culture and economy of missionary life in the Bay of Islands in the first half of the nineteenth century. The humble, austere artefacts that constitute the material culture of the Te Puna household reveal the actual processes of colonisation in daily life and everyday events, as well as the processes of the mission, such as schooling, the purchase of food and domestic labour, the purchase of land and building of houses, the stitching of fabric and ironing of garments. These practices predate, but also anticipate the grand historical dramas such as the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi, glorified but also critiqued as the defining moment of the relationship between Maori and Pakeha and of colonisation.Whole document restricted, but available by request, use the feedback form to request access.
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Leathers, Melanie Marie. "Risk Perception and Beliefs about Volcanic Hazards: A Comparative Study of Puna District Residents." Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5362.
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The purpose of this research is to better understand how residents of communities located on the flanks of Kilauea, Hawai'i view the hazards associated with volcanic events taking into account hazard proximity, cultural beliefs, municipal trust, and evacuation planning. The study was conducted in the lower Puna district, an area with a rapidly growing population but limited infrastructure.
Data were collected though a questionnaire survey undertaken at venues throughout the district, including grocery markets, bakeries, farmers markets, the public pool, and other gathering places. Overall, the results indicated that people understand the natural hazards of the place but are generally not concerned about the potential impacts of these hazards on their livelihoods; few could determine whether or not they lived in a lava zone, the impacts on health, and the need for evacuation planning. Cultural considerations appear to play major role and many residents believe that Madam Pele, Goddess of Fire, has a stake in the events of Kilauea. Both hazard understanding and cultural belief systems varied by gender, age, income, and education. When compared to findings from earlier studies within the lower Puna district, it was noted that opinions have shifted over time and that belief in Pele had strengthened.
This study demonstrated that understanding the opinions and patterns of belief within communities must be ongoing and municipal planning must be altered over time to accommodate evolving needs and beliefs of a community to obtain optimum community support.
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Dalai, Punam [Verfasser], and Henry [Akademischer Betreuer] Strasdeit. "Thermal behavior of amino acids in inorganic matrices : relevance for chemical evolution / Punam Dalai. Betreuer: Henry Strasdeit." Hohenheim : Kommunikations-, Informations- und Medienzentrum der Universität Hohenheim, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047839725/34.
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Kim, HeeSoo. "Multi-criteria, multi-modal analysis of intercity traffic congestion with an application to the Seoul-Pusan corridor." Connect to resource, 1996. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc%5Fnum=osu1265036639.
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Santander, Pizarro Boris David. "Tafonomía de mamíferos en la puna de Atacama: el sitio Tulan-54, Norte de Chile." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/461462.
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El present treball busca comprendre la manera en la qual es van formar els dipòsits que colmataron les estructures del lloc Tulan-54, a la Puna d'Atacama, Nord de Xile. El lloc correspon a un conjunt arquitectònic en el qual destaca una estructura central, els trets van ser completament coberts cap als ca. 2000 ap., Moment en el qual s'abandona el seu ús. Diverses han estat les interpretacions que s'han fet sobre el paper que aquest va assetjar va jugar en la prehistòria atacameña durant el primer mil·lenni abans de l'era cristiana, però, durant l'última dècada, les investigacions desenvolupades en l'àrea han confirmat el caràcter eminentment cerimonial del lloc, destacant els seus atributs com a centre cerimonial de rellevància en un escenari social andí que assistia al procés d'implantació i estabilització del trànsit de béns a gran escala en el marc de xarxes d'intercanvi possibilitades pel sorgiment de la Llama com a animal de càrrega.
El lloc, va ser sistemàticament cobert amb pisos de deixalles entre els quals destaquen les restes òssies. Aquestes deixalles, van acabar per colmatar la totalitat de les estructures i que van portar a l'abandonament del lloc al voltant del ca. 2380 ap; i una de les preguntes clau que s'han plantejat sobre el lloc, ha estat l'origen de les restes que colmataron les estructures i la naturalesa del descarti que va produir aquests farcits. Aquesta tesi busca aportar des de la zooarqueologia i la tafonomia a la resposta a aquesta pregunta, per tal de comprendre de millor manera el paper que va jugar el lloc Tulan-54 en la prehistòria andina i les característiques de l'ocupació formativa en els Andes centre sudEl presente trabajo busca comprender la manera en la cual se formaron los depósitos que colmataron las estructuras del sitio Tulan-54, en la Puna de Atacama, Norte de Chile. El sitio corresponde a un conjunto arquitectónico en el que destaca una estructura central, cuyos rasgos fueron completamente cubiertos hacia los ca. 2000 ap., momento en el que se abandona su uso. Diversas han sido las interpretaciones que se han hecho acerca del papel que este sitió jugó en la prehistoria atacameña durante el primer milenio antes de la era cristiana, sin embargo, durante la última década, las investigaciones desarrolladas en el área han confirmado el carácter eminentemente ceremonial del sitio, destacando sus atributos como centro ceremonial de relevancia en un escenario social andino que asistía al proceso de implantación y estabilización del tráfico de bienes a gran escala en el marco de redes de intercambio posibilitadas por el surgimiento de la llama como animal de carga . El sitio, fue sistemáticamente cubierto con pisos de desechos entre los que destacan los restos óseos. Estos desechos, acabaron por colmatar la totalidad de las estructuras y que llevaron al abandono del sitio alrededor del ca. 2380 ap; y una de las preguntas clave que se han planteado acerca del sitio, ha sido el origen de los restos que colmataron las estructuras y la naturaleza del descarte que produjo dichos rellenos. Esta tesis busca aportar desde la zooarqueología y la tafonomía a la respuesta a dicha pregunta, a fin de comprender de mejor manera el rol que jugó el sitio Tulan-54 en la prehistoria andina y las características de la ocupación formativa en los andes centro sur.
This work, seeks to understand the way in which the deposits that filled the structures of the Tulan-54 site, in the Puna of Atacama, northern Chile, were formed. The site corresponds to an architectural compound in which a central structure stands out, whose features were completely covered towards the ca. 2000 ap., when it was abandoned. Various interpretations have been made of the role that this site played in Atacama’s prehistory during the first millennium before the Christian era, however, during the last decade, the research developed in the area have confirmed the eminently ceremonial character of the site, highlighting its attributes as a ceremonial center of relevance in an Andean social scene that assisted to the process of implementation and stabilization of large-scale goods traffic within the framework of exchange networks made possible by the emergence of the llama as a cargo animal. The site was systematically covered with debris floors among which the bone assamblages stand out. These wastes eventually filled up all of the structures and led to the abandonment of the site around ca. 2380 ap; and one of the key questions that have been raised about the site, has been the origin of the remains that filled the structures and the nature of the disposal that produced said landfills. This thesis seeks to contribute from zooarchaeology and taphonomy to the answer to this question, in order to better understand the role played by the Tulan-54 site in Andean prehistory and the characteristics of the Formative occupation in the south central Andes
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Kiegel, Heidrun. "Rezente und historische Erosionsprozesse und ihre anthropogenen Beeinflussungen im Einzugsgebiet des Río Yavi, Argentinische Puna." [S.l. : s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962324795.
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Lane, Kevin John. "Engineering the puna : the hydraulics of agro-pastoral communities in a North-central Peruvian valley." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.613886.
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Tavares, Jos? Arib?rio. "Fragilidade ambiental da bacia hidrogr?fica do Rio Puna? (RN) e ?rea litor?nea adjacente." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2006. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18968.
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Previous issue date: 2006-05-19Hydrographic basins always exercised a big fascination over humankind that attracted for its scenery beauty or for its richness in natural resources, had been acting in order to modify these important ecosystems without, therefore, considering the possible consequences of these changes. The attributed importance to the coast ecosystems, in eminence to the hydrographic basin of Puna? river and adjacent areas, is had when it s verified the diversity of the ecosystems that contemplate it. Hydrographic basin in evidence in Rio Grande do Norte state, occupies an area of nearly 652.71 km?, being it sited in the homogeneous micro-region Litoral Nordeste, with a regional population estimated in nearly 75,188 inhabitants, according to the Anu?rio Estat?stico do Rio Grande do Norte 2004. The region of the researched basin is formed by seven municipal districts related as it follows: Maxaranguape, Pedra Grande, Pureza, Rio do Fogo, S?o Miguel de Touros, Taipu and Touros, but Maxaranguape, Rio do Fogo, Touros and Pureza have a direct participation in the basin. Basin in study have it lands evaluated according to the agriculturist aptitude by the conventionally methodology practiced in the country, having as objective, then, a compara-tive analysis between the ambient unities, Aeolian littoral and coast tray, identified in the researched area. From the characterization of the physic way of the area in study and owning the kept data, it was proceeded the integrated analysis of the structural elements of the landscape which were evidenced that the fragile areas are associated with the areas of agriculture cultivation, such as the ones of irregular occupation. About the degradation, the ambient diagnostic of the basin indicated that the equivalent to the Aeolian Littoral Ambient Unit correspond to the bigger pledging of the ambient quality, in other words, high ambient fragility, being this result due to the use and occupation of the soil, propitiating this way, vulnerability in the vegetal cover of the area, despite it disposes of a low agriculture cultivation percentage. Already in the Coast Ambient Tray, is emphasized the medium ambient fragility, despite of the high index of cultivated area. In a general way, the total area of the hydrographic basin of Puna? river and adjacent areas presented ambient impacts over the tolerance limit, indicating the necessity of a review of the practices of use and handling of the soil, reforesting of the water courses edges, control of erosion and contamination of the aqueous in the perspective to reduce the effects of the impacts due to the use and occupation of the basin in regard. The present search evaluated the ambient impacts diagnosised in the hydrographic basin of Puna? river and adjacent areas, pointing the causes and the probable consequences of the damages caused by these impacts to the basin ambient. From the analysis of these data, if was possible to become explicit how they are fundamental as key elements in the process of decision taking in the ambient questions
As bacias hidrogr?ficas sempre exerceram grande fasc?nio sobre o homem, que atra?do por sua beleza c?nica ou por sua riqueza em recursos naturais, vem atuando de forma a modificar esses importantes ecossistemas, sem, no entanto, levar em considera??o as poss?veis conseq??ncias dessas altera??es. A import?ncia atribu?da aos ecossistemas costeiros, em destaque a bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Puna? e ?rea litor?nea adjacente, ? constatada quando se verifica a diversidade de ecossistemas que a contempla. A bacia hidrogr?fica em evid?ncia, no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, ocupa uma ?rea de aproximadamente 652,71 km?, estando esta situada na micro-regi?o homog?nea Litoral Nordeste, com uma popula??o regional estimada em aproximadamente 75.188 habitantes, segundo o Anu?rio Estat?stico do Rio Grande do Norte 2004. A regi?o da bacia pesquisada ? formada por sete munic?pios a seguir relacionados: Maxaranguape, Pedra Grande, Pureza, Rio do Fogo, S?o Miguel de Touros, Taipu e Touros, sendo que Maxaranguape, Rio do Fogo, Touros e Pureza, tem participa??o direta na bacia. A bacia em estudo teve suas terras avaliadas quanto ? aptid?o agr?cola pela metodologia convencionalmente praticada no pa?s, objetivando, assim, uma an?lise comparativa entre as unidades ambientais, litor?nea e?lica e tabuleiro costeiro, identificadas na ?rea pesquisada. A partir da caracteriza??o do meio f?sico da ?rea em estudo e de posse dos dados armazenados, procedeu-se a an?lise integrada dos elementos estruturais da paisagem os quais evidenciaram que as ?reas fragilizadas est?o associadas ? ?reas de cultivo agr?cola, bem como as de ocupa??o irregulares. Em se tratando de degrada??o, o diagn?stico ambiental da bacia indicou que a ?rea equivalente a Unidade Ambiental Litor?nea E?lica, corresponde ao maior comprometimento da qualidade ambiental, ou seja, alta fragilidade ambiental, sendo este resultado decorrente do uso e ocupa??o do solo, propiciando dessa forma, vulnerabilidade na cobertura vegetal da ?rea, apesar desta dispor de baixo percentual de cultivo agr?cola. J? na Unidade Ambiental Tabuleiro Costeiro, diagnosticou-se m?dia fragilidade ambiental, em raz?o do elevado ?ndice de ?rea cultivada. De modo geral, a bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Puna? e ?rea litor?nea adjacente, apresentou no final da pesquisa, impactos ambientais acima do esperado, indicando a necessidade da revis?o das pr?ticas de uso e manejo do solo, reflorestamento das margens dos cursos d ?gua, controle da eros?o e contamina??o dos aq??feros, na perspectiva de reduzir os efeitos dos impactos decorrentes do uso e ocupa??o do solo. A presente pesquisa analisou os impactos ambientais diagnosticados na bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Puna? e ?rea litor?nea adjacente, apontando as causas e as prov?veis conseq??ncias dos danos causados por estes impactos ao meio ambiente da bacia. A partir da an?lise dos dados, foi poss?vel explicitar o quanto estes s?o fundamentais como elementos chave no processo de tomada de decis?o nas quest?es ambientais
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Bonte, Pierre. "FLORES OCHOA, Jorge, ed., Uywamichiq Punanmakuna. Pastores de Puna, Instituto de Estudios Peruanos, Lima 1977." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/121588.
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Bugallo, Lucila. "Pachamama en fleur : modalités de relations et de productions à la Puna de Jujuy (Argentine)." Paris, EHESS, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015EHES0642.
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La thèse Pachamama en fleur. Modalités de relations et de productions à la Puna de Jujuy (Argentine) aborde les modes de production et les économies domestiques d’un secteur du haut-plateau argentin, plus précisément de la partie centre-orientale de la Puna de Jujuy. L’accent est mis sur les relations de production en considérant une grande diversité des êtres intervenants : les gens, les plantes, les animaux, les pierres et les êtres tutélaires ; tous participants d’une puissante ontologie relationnelle, axe de la perspective du monde des Puneños. L’expérience de l’espace et la relation entre des lieux et des êtres sont présentées en s’intéressant aux médiations qui ont lieu. Les relations génératrices développées par ce peuple, impliquant des transformations et de transitions, sont également abordées. Une grande attention est portée aux rituels, étant donné que ceux-là font partie de manière centrale, des activités et processus économiques. Certains de ces rituels sont présentés de manière détaillée et analysés en profondeur ; c’est le cas de la corpachada destinée à Pachamama, et des fêtes du marquage du bétail, les señaladas, deux moments centraux du calendrier agraire et rituel à la Puna. D’autres instances insérées dans des cycles productifs rituels sont aussi analysées, en particulier les rituels collectifs consacrés aux saints patrons, plusieurs de ces saints étant les protecteurs des animaux élevés. Afin de montrer les pratiques de production tant d’élevage qu’agricoles, on trouve la description des activités des unités domestiques de quelques localités situées sur le flanc occidental de la Sierra de Aguilar et du côté oriental de la lagune de Guayatayoc. Ainsi les productions et les techniques qui leur sont associées, la diversité d’activités économiques et le mode de travail, les activités de récolte et de chasse, entrelacées avec les premières, sont traitées, en signalant qu’il s’agit d’un modèle productif pluriactif. Les modes d’échange de productions à travers les voyages et les foires, impliquant des produits, des circuits et des animaux de somme, sont présentés avec un grand détail. Les modes de envelopper et ranger les produits et de remplir les greniers, en abordant le stockage et la durée des aliments, sont considérés depuis la perspective analogique. Dans ces pratiques de ranger et stocker la notion de pirgua est centrale. Les activités productives et la relation avec l’espace environnante sont considérées dans la longue durée, en signalant les changements pendant le XXème siècle, mais aussi dans des époques antérieures, en proposant des causes possibles. En outre, des catégories conceptuelles sont discutées ; c’est le cas de la notion de domesticité, en introduisant la catégorie andine d’uywaña ou crianza, et d’autres catégories locales concernant les ressources, la production et le stockage, comme celle de suerte et multiplico. Ces sujets sont traités principalement à partir d’un corpus considérable de données ethnographiques, de manière très détaillée, ce qui rend compte de la complexité des pratiques et des conceptions économiques locales et montre la Puna de Jujuy en tant qu’espace social et culturel non-homogèneThe thesis, Pachamama en fleur. Modalités de relations et de productions à la Puna de Jujuy (Argentine) [Pachamama In Flower : Forms of Relations and Productions in the Jujuy Puna, Argentina] deals with the modes of production and domestic economies of a sector of the Argentine altiplano [high plateau], more precisely the east-central part of the Jujuy Puna. The emphasis is on the relations of production, taking into account a great variety of operating agents : people, plants, animals, stones and tutelary beings; all participants in a powerful relational ontology, the axis of the Puneños’ perspective on the world. The experience of space and the relationship between places and beings are presented, with special interest in the mediations that have taken place. The generative relations developed by this people, which imply transformations and translation are also dealt with. Great attention is given to rituals, taking as given that these are a central part of economic activities and processes. Some of these rituals are presented in a detailed manner and analysed in depth : as in the case of the corpachada intended for Pachamama, and in the festivals around marking livestock, the señaladas, two central moments in the ritual and agricultural calendar of the Puna. Other instances that have become part of the ritual productive cycles are also discussed, in particular the collective rituals devoted to patron saints, many of these latter being the protectors of the animals that have been reared. To show both animal rearing and agricultural practices, there is a description of the activities of domestic units in a number of locations on the western flank of the Sierra de Aguilar and on the eastern side of the lake of Guayatayoc. What is discussed then is forms of production and the techniques associated with them, the diversity of economic activities and the form of labour, and activities involved in harvesting and hunting, intertwined with the former, showing that what is involved is a productive model with multiple actors and activities. Modes of exchange of productions through travel and fairs, involving products, circuits and pack animals are presented in great detail. The ways in which products are wrapped and arranged, and lofts are filled, and the ways foodstuffs are stocked and with what storage life, are considered from an analogical perspective. In these practices of arranging and stocking, the notion of pirgua is central. Productive activities and their relation to the surrounding space are considered over time, indicating the changes that have taken place in the 20th century, but also in previous periods, possible causes for these being offered. In addition, certain conceptual categories are discussed : as in the case of the notion of domesticity, introducing the Andean category of uywaña or crianza, and other local categories that deal with resources, production and stocking, like that of suerte and multiplico. These topics are treated principally on the basis of a considerable corpus of ethnographic data and in a very detailed manner, conveying the complexity of local economic conceptions and practices and showing the Jujuy Puna to be a non-homogeneous social and cultural space
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Urreiztieta, Marc de. "Tectonique neogene et bassins transpressifs en bordure meridionale de l'altiplano-puna (27s), nord-ouest argentin." Rennes 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995REN10146.
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Les andes constituent l'une des plus hautes chaines de montagnes du globe et se developpent en contexte de marge active, a l'aplomb de la zone de subduction de la plaque oceanique de nazca sous la plaque continentale sud-americaine. Dans les andes centrales, le developpement de l'altiplano-puna apparait en contexte non collisionel. La convergence oblique de la plaque nazca par rapport a l'amerique du sud contribue a segmenter la chaine andine du nord au sud en secteurs marques par des conditions cinematiques differentes et separes par des zones de transfert. L'altiplano-puna est limite au sud par la zone de transfert de tucuman (ttz). Cette transition entre la puna et les sierras pampeanas (27s) coincide avec (1) un retrecissement de la haute chaine, (2) une reduction de l'inclinaison de la subduction et (3) une lacune de volcanisme cenozoique entre 27s et 33s. Les sierras pampeanas sont formees d'une alternance de chainons de socle cristallin et de bassins continentaux compressifs d'age neogene. L'etude structurale et cinematique de la region (analyse des populations de failles) est completee par une etude paleomagnetique et par la restauration numerique en carte. Cette etude montre (1) une composante decrochante dextre le long de la ttz a laquelle sont associees des rotations horaires de blocs, et (2) la superposition de deux champs de deformation. Le raccourcissement no-se traduit un effet local du plateau et compatible avec le decrochement dextre le long de la ttz, et le raccourcissement e-o est parallele a la convergence. La zone transpressive dextre accommode (1) les variations d'epaississement crustal entre la puna et les sierras pampeanas et (2) les changements de style structural dans l'avant-pays andin entre la zone plissee sub-andine et la tectonique de socle dans les sierras pampeanas. Le degre de deformation interne des bassins, l'epaisseur des depots et la quantite de raccourcissement augmentent depuis l'avant-pays vers la puna. Ceci indique que les bassins compressifs contribuent de facon non negligeable a l'epaississement crustal. Les caracteristiques des depots detritiques traduisent l'accroissement de l'activite tectonique dans la region depuis 10ma
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Perkins, Jonathan P., Kevin M. Ward, Silva Shanaka L. de, George Zandt, Susan L. Beck, and Noah J. Finnegan. "Surface uplift in the Central Andes driven by growth of the Altiplano Puna Magma Body." NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621818.
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The Altiplano-Puna Magma Body (APMB) in the Central Andes is the largest imaged magma reservoir on Earth, and is located within the second highest orogenic plateau on Earth, the Altiplano-Puna. Although the APMB is a first-order geologic feature similar to the Sierra Nevada batholith, its role in the surface uplift history of the Central Andes remains uncertain. Here we show that a long-wavelength topographic dome overlies the seismically measured extent of the APMB, and gravity data suggest that the uplift is isostatically compensated. Isostatic modelling of the magmatic contribution to dome growth yields melt volumes comparable to those estimated from tomography, and suggests that the APMB growth rate exceeds the peak Cretaceous magmatic flare-up in the Sierran batholith. Our analysis reveals that magmatic addition may provide a contribution to surface uplift on par with lithospheric removal, and illustrates that surface topography may help constrain the magnitude of pluton-scale melt production.
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De, Urreiztieta Marc. "Tectonique néogène et bassins transpressifs en bordure méridionale de l'Altiplano-Puna (2~S), Nord-Ouest argentin." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00675903.
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Les Andes constituent l'une des plus hautes chaînes de montagnes du globe et se développent en contexte de marge active, à l'aplomb de la zone de subduction de la plaque océanique de Nazca sous la plaque continentale sud-américaine. Dans les Andes centrales, le développement de l'Altiplano-Puna apparaît en contexte non collisionel. La convergence oblique de la plaque Nazca par rapport à l'Amérique du Sud contribue à segmenter la chaîne andine du Nord au Sud en secteurs marqués par des conditions cinématiques différentes et séparés par des zones de transfert. L'Altiplano-Puna est limité au Sud par la zone de transfert de Tucuman (TTZ). Cette transition entre la Puna et les Sierras Pampeanas (27°S) coïncide avec (1) un rétrécissement de la haute chaîne, (2) une réduction de l'inclinaison de la subduction et (3) une lacune de volcanisme cénozoïque entre 27°S et 33°S. Les Sierras Pampeanas sont formées d'une alternance de chaînons de socle cristallin et de bassins continentaux compressifs d'âge néogène. L'étude structurale et cinématique de la région (analyse des populations de failles) est complétée par une étude paléomagnétique et par la restauration numérique en carte. Cette étude montre (1) une composante décrochante dextre le long de la TTZ à laquelle sont associées des rotations horaires de blocs, et (2) la superposition de deux champs de déformation. Le raccourcissement NO-SE traduit un effet local du plateau et compatible avec le décrochement dextre le long de la TTZ, et le raccourcissement E-O est parallèle à la convergence. La zone transpressive dextre accommode (1) les variations d'épaississement crustal entre la Puna et les Sierras Pampeanas et (2) les changements de style structural dans l'avant-pays andin entre la zone plissée sub-andine et la tectonique de socle dans les Sierras Pampeanas. Le degré de déformation interne des bassins, l'épaisseur des dépôts et la quantité de raccourcissement augmentent depuis l'avant-pays vers la Puna. Ceci indique que les bassins compressifs contribuent de façon non négligeable à l'épaississement crustal. Les caractéristiques des dépôts détritiques traduisent l'accroissement de l'activité tectonique dans la région depuis IOMa.
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Urreiztieta, Marc de. "Tectonique néogène et bassins transpressifs en bordure méridionale de l'Altiplano-Puna : 27°S, nord-ouest argentin /." Rennes : Géosciences, Université de Rennes I, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35838498n.
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Viramonte, José María. "Cronologia e origem do magnetismo e metamorfismo na borda oriental da Puna Austral-NW da Argentina." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2006. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/1862.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Geociências, 2006.Submitted by mariana castro (nanacastro0107@hotmail.com) on 2009-10-05T13:46:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSE MARIA VIRAMONTE.pdf: 3598744 bytes, checksum: fc4354a51e8e6e00e09014c8cdad2f9a (MD5)
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A partir de novos estudos de campo, petrológicos, geoquímicos e dados geocronológicos (U-Pb e Sm-Nd) de unidades ordovicianas do sudeste da Puna, Noroeste Argentino, se reconheceram duas unidades litoestratigráficas: (i) uma seqüência vulcano sedimentar bimodal afetada por metamorfismo de baixo grau, composta de metasedimentos associados a rochas metavulcânicas félsicas e máficas com idades de 485 ± 5 Ma. e (ii) uma unidade plutônica integrada por sienogranitos a leucogranitos ricos em quartzo com idades UPb em zircões e monazita de 462 ± 7 e 475 ± 3 Ma. As rochas metavulcânicas félsicas e plutônicas são peraluminosas e apresentam “trends” de diferenciação geoquímica similares. Apresentam razões inicias de 87Sr/ 86Sr de 0.7089-07349, valores εNd (T) entre – 3.2 e – 7.5 e idades modelo TDM entre 1.54 Ga. e 1.78 Ga. sugerindo que os magmas originais poderiam derivar de uma crosta continental antiga (Meso Paleoproterozoica). As rochas máficas apresentam padrões de ETR horizontalizados, razões inicias de 87Sr/ 86Sr de 0.7067 e valores de εNd (T) entre + 2.3 e +2.5 o que sugere mistura de uma fonte empobrecida e uma outra fonte enriquecida resultando em uma signatura T-MORB. Os dados apresentados nesse trabalho, combinados com os da literatura, sugerem que um processo de “underplating” de magmas máficos teve lugar na base da crosta continental, o que causou uma extensão no retroarco e uma anomalia térmica importante que gera a fusão parcial da crosta média desenvolvendo magmatismo félsico e metamorfismo regional. Nossos dados sugerem que o evento Ordoviciano recicla principalmente crosta preexistente com menor adição de material mantélico jóvem. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Abstract
New field, petrological, geochemical and geochronological data (U-Pb and Sm-Nd) for Ordovician rock units in the southeastern Puna, NW Argentina, allowed to recognize two lithostratigraphic units in the eastern-northeastern border of salar Centenario: (i) a bimodal volcano-sedimentary sequence affected by low grade metamorphism, comprising metasediments associated with basic and felsic metavolcanic rocks, dated at 485 ± 5 Ma., and(ii) a plutonic unit composed of syenogranites to quartz-rich leucogranites with U-Pb zircon ages between 462 ± 7 and 475 ± 5 Ma. Felsic metavolcanic and plutonic rocks are peraluminous and show similar geochemical differentiation trends. They have initial 87Sr/ 86Sr ratios of 0.7089-07349, εNd (T) values ranging from – 3.2 to – 7.5 and TDM model ages between 1.54 Ga. and 1.78 Ga., which suggest a derivation of the original magmas from older (Meso- Paleoproterozoic) continental crust. Mafic rocks show flattened REE patterns, initial 87Sr/ 86Sr ratios of 0.7067 and εNd (T) ranging from + 2.3 to + 2.5, which suggests a mixture between a depleted and enriched sources resulting in a T-MORB signature. The data presented here, combined with those in the literature, suggest that an underplating of mafic magmas took place at the base of the lower crust, which caused first ensialic extension in retroarc position, a termic anomaly that triggered the partial melting of the middle crust with the generation of felsic magmas and regional metamorphism. Also, our data suggest that the Ordovician magmatism mainly recycles the pre-existing crust with minor addition of juvenile mantlederived material.
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Ziaie, Seyed Pujan [Verfasser], Helmut [Akademischer Betreuer] Krcmar, and Florian [Akademischer Betreuer] Matthes. "Lifecycle-Based Design Principles for Open Production Communities / Seyed Pujan Ziaie. Gutachter: Helmut Krcmar ; Florian Matthes. Betreuer: Helmut Krcmar." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072500760/34.
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Estruch, Dolores, Lorena B. Rodríguez, and María Florencia Becerra. "Jurisdicciones mineras en tensión. El impacto de la minería en la puna jujeña y en el valle de Yocavil durante el periodo colonial (siglos XVII y XVIII)." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122288.
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In the late seventeenth century the mayors of the cities of Jujuy and Catamarca confronted the mining authorities of Puna de Jujuy and the Yocavil valley. Documents relating to both areas describe, in almost identical ways, how the magistrates defended the scope of their respective jurisdictions by insisting on their jurisdictional rights. The object of this article is, from a comparative and interdisciplinary perspective, to analyze the impact of mining in these two regions of northwest Argentina during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Mining was the motivation for occupying these new territories, but it also formed the background for battles over jurisdiction and territorial rights.A fines del siglo XVII, los alcaldes de las ciudades de Jujuy y Catamarca se enfrentaron a las autoridades mineras de la puna jujeña y del valle de Yocavil, respectivamente. Documentos relativos a ambos espacios describen, casi por duplicado, cómo todos esos funcionarios defendieron el alcance de sus jurisdicciones alzando sus varas de justicia. A partir de lo anterior, el objetivo de este artículo es, desde una perspectiva comparativa e interdisciplinaria, analizar el impacto que tuvo la minería en aquellas dos regiones del actual noroeste argentino durante los siglos XVII y XVIII, entendiendo dicha actividad como motor de ocupación de nuevos territorios y conformación de jurisdicciones específicas, así como de generación de conflictos y nuevos ordenamientos espaciales.
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Silveira, Ana Beatriz Silva da. "An?lise da bacia hidrogr?fica do Rio Puna?-Rio Grande do Norte utilizando ferramentas de geoprocessamento." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2009. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/15970.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-21Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Provide data and information on watershed becomes important since the knowledge of their physical characteristics, land use, etcetera, allows for better planning and sustainable use of economically, socially and environmentally in this area. The investigation of the physical environment has been commonly given with the use of geoprocessing, which has proved a very efficient tool. Within this context, this research aims at analyzing the river basin Puna? (located in the cities of Touros, Rio do Fogo and Pureza, state of Rio Grande do Norte) in several aspects, using geoprocessing as a tool of work, to provide information about the entire watershed. Specifically, this study aimed to update pre-existing maps, such as geological, geomorphological and land use, generating map of environmental vulnerability, under the aspect of erosion susceptibility of the area, generating map of legal incompatibility, identifying areas that are already being employed in breach of environmental legislation; propose solutions to the occupation of the river basin Puna?, focused on environmental planning. The methodology was based on the use of geoprocessing tools for data analysis and to make maps of legal incompatibility and environmental vulnerability. For the first map was taken into account the environmental legislation regarding the protection of watersheds. For the vulnerability analysis, the generated map was the result of crossing the maps of geology, geomorphology, soils and land use, having been assigned weights to different attributes of thematic maps, generating a map of environmental vulnerability in relation to susceptibility to erosion. The analysis results indicate that agriculture is the most significant activity in the basin, in total occupied area, which confers a high degree of environmental vulnerability in most of the basin, and some agricultural areas eventually develop in a manner inconsistent with Brazilian environmental legislation. It is proposed to consider deploying a measure of revitalization of the watershed in more critical areas and conservation through mitigation measures on the causes of environmental degradation, such as protection of water sources, protection and restoration of riparian vegetation, protection of permanent preservation areas, containment of erosion processes in general, and others listed or not in specific laws, and even the establishment of a committee of basins in the area
Fornecer dados e informa??es a respeito de bacias hidrogr?ficas se torna importante uma vez que o conhecimento de suas caracter?sticas f?sicas, de uso e ocupa??o do solo, etc., permite um melhor planejamento e uso sustent?vel do ponto de vista econ?mico, social e ambiental deste espa?o. A investiga??o do meio f?sico tem-se dado comumente com o uso de geotecnologias, o que tem se mostrado uma metodologia bastante eficaz. Dentro deste contexto, esta pesquisa tem por objetivo analisar a bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Puna? (inserida nos munic?pios de Touros, Rio do Fogo e Pureza, estado do Rio Grande do Norte), sob diversos aspectos, utilizando o geoprocessamento como ferramenta de trabalho, de forma a fornecer informa??es a respeito de toda a bacia hidrogr?fica em quest?o. Especificamente, este trabalho objetivou atualizar mapas pr?-existentes, de geologia, geomorfologia e uso e ocupa??o; gerar mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental, sob o aspecto da susceptibilidade ? eros?o da ?rea; gerar mapa de incompatibilidade legal, identificando as ?reas que j? estejam sendo ocupadas em desconformidade com a legisla??o ambiental; propor solu??es para a ocupa??o da bacia hidrogr?fica do rio Puna?, voltadas para o planejamento ambiental. A metodologia baseou-se no uso de ferramentas de geoprocessamento para an?lise dos dados bem como para a confec??o dos mapas de incompatibilidade legal e vulnerabilidade ambiental. Para o primeiro mapa, foi levada em considera??o a legisla??o ambiental no que concerne a prote??o de bacias. Para a an?lise de vulnerabilidade, o mapa gerado foi fruto do cruzamento dos mapas de geologia, geomorfologia, solos e uso e ocupa??o, tendo sido atribu?dos pesos aos diferentes atributos dos mapas tem?ticos, gerando um mapa de vulnerabilidade ambiental no tocante ? susceptibilidade ? eros?o. Os resultados das an?lises indicam que a agricultura ? a atividade mais expressiva na bacia, em total de ?rea ocupada, o que confere um alto grau de vulnerabilidade ambiental na maior parte da bacia, sendo que algumas ?reas agr?colas acabam por se desenvolver de forma incompat?vel com a legisla??o ambiental brasileira. Prop?ese considerar a implanta??o de medida de revitaliza??o da bacia hidrogr?fica em ?reas mais cr?ticas e conserva??o atrav?s de medidas mitigadoras sobre as causas de degrada??o ambiental, como a prote??o de nascentes, prote??o e restaura??o da mata ciliar, prote??o de ?reas de preserva??o permanente, conten??o de processos erosivos em geral, dentre outros previstos ou n?o em leis espec?ficas, e ainda a instaura??o de um comit? de bacias na ?rea
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McFarland, Phillip K., Richard A. Bennett, Patricia Alvarado, and Peter G. DeCelles. "Rapid Geodetic Shortening Across the Eastern Cordillera of NW Argentina Observed by the Puna-Andes GPS Array." AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626449.
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We present crustal velocities for 29 continuously recording GPS stations from the southern central Andes across the Puna, Eastern Cordillera, and Santa Barbara system for the period between the 27 February 2010 Maule and 1 April 2014 Iquique earthquakes in a South American frame. The velocity field exhibits a systematic decrease in magnitude from similar to 35mm/yr near the trench to <1mm/yr within the craton. We forward model loading on the Nazca-South America (NZ-SA) subduction interface using back slip on elastic dislocations to approximate a fully locked interface from 10 to 50km depth. We generate an ensemble of models by iterating over the percentage of NZ-SA convergence accommodated at the subduction interface. Velocity residuals calculated for each model demonstrate that locking on the NZ-SA interface is insufficient to reproduce the observed velocities. We model deformation associated with a back-arc decollement using an edge dislocation, estimating model parameters from the velocity residuals for each forward model of the subduction interface ensemble using a Bayesian approach. We realize our best fit to the thrust-perpendicular velocity field with 705% of NZ-SA convergence accommodated at the subduction interface and a slip rate of 9.10.9mm/yr on the fold-thrust belt decollement. We also estimate a locking depth of 149km, which places the downdip extent of the locked zone 13520km from the thrust front. The thrust-parallel component of velocity is fit by a constant shear strain rate of -19x10(-9)yr-(1), equivalent to clockwise rigid block rotation of the back arc at a rate of 1.1 degrees/Myr.