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Journal articles on the topic 'Punch diameter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Siimut, Kaarel, Kasper Mygind Madsen, Ermanno Ceron, and Chris Valentin Nielsen. "Improving adjustable ironing punch performance using cemented carbide components." MATEC Web of Conferences 408 (2025): 01030. https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202540801030.

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An ironing punch with adjustable diameter can control part dimensions on a stroke-to-stroke basis, increasing yield, production rate and tool life. This study investigates the effect of increased ironing die and mandrel stiffness in ironing with an adjustable punch. Cups deep drawn from 0.28 mm thick EN 1.4404 austenitic stainless steel were ironed using four tool configurations, reducing the wall thickness to 0.21 mm. In these configurations, the ironing die and the mandrel were made from either hardened tool steel or cemented carbide. When configured with only tool steel components, the punc

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2

Bao, Yiwang, Haibin Zhang, and Yanchun Zhou. "Punch-shear tests and size effects for evaluating the shear strength of machinable ceramics." International Journal of Materials Research 95, no. 5 (2004): 372–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijmr-2004-0078.

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Abstract Various sample thicknesses and punch diameters were used in punch-shear tests for investigating the size effects in evaluating the shear strength of machinable ceramics. The ratio of the sample thickness to the punch diameter was defined as the relative thickness that strongly affects the measured shear strength in a certain range. It was found that there was a threshold value in the relative thicknesses (~ 0.1 for Ti3AlC2 and ~ 0.13 for Ti3SiC2) above which the measured shear strength increased linearly with increasing thickness. The threshold provided a thickness-requirement for val

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3

Mrs., C. Sucharitha1 Dr. J. SureshKumar2. "ANALYSIS OF DEEP DRAWING PROCESS FOR VARIOUS PARAMETERS USING FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 6, no. 11 (2017): 400–408. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1054621.

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The main objective of this paper is to find the most effective parameters in deep drawing process to produce a cup of required shape and size. Limit Drawing Ratio is one of the parameters that indicate the drawability of material. It is defined as the ratio of blank diameter to punch diameter at the onset of tearing. Deep drawing products in modern industries usually have a complicated shape, so these have to undergo several successive operations to obtain a final desired shape. In this work the effect of various parameters like die and punch corner radii, clearance, friction coefficient betwe

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4

Berge, Franz, Heiko Winderlich, Christina Krbetschek, Madlen Ullmann, and Rudolf Kawalla. "The Effect of Sheet Thickness, Loading Rate and Punch Diameter on the Deformation Behaviour of AZ31 during 3-Point Bending." Materials Science Forum 854 (May 2016): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.854.65.

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In this study, the influence of sheet thickness, loading rate, and punch diameter on the bending behaviour of twin-roll cast, rolled and heat-treated AZ31 magnesium alloy was investigated. Therefore, the 3-point bending test was performed at room temperature using an electromechanical testing machine (v = 0.1−10 mm/s) with different punch diameters (D = 2 mm, 8 mm, 16 mm). The initial material has a recrystallized microstructure with grain sizes of 6−9 µm. It is shown by the mechanical investigations that the bending force increases with the sheet thickness. In contrast to this, the bending an

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5

ELWAZRI, A. M., R. VARANO, P. WANJARA, and S. YUE. "EFFECT OF SPECIMEN THICKNESS AND PUNCH DIAMETER IN SHEAR PUNCH TESTING." Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly 45, no. 1 (2006): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/cmq.2006.45.1.33.

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6

Wen, Jiongming, Lei Sun, Chenyi Gu, and Yi Zhang. "Effects of Punch Test Conditions on the Mechanical Response of Polyethylene Materials." Materiale Plastice 59, no. 4 (2001): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.22.4.5623.

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Polyethylene (PE) materials have been widely used in industrial and living fields such as natural gas pipelines, drainage pipes, sewage pipes. Punch test is an interesting tool for studying the mechanical properties of materials. However, the deformation behavior involved in punch test is complicated, it is, therefore, essential to investigate the influence of punch test conditions on the mechanical properties of PE materials. Punch tests have been carried out on PE specimens with different punching speed (0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100mm/min) and different punch head diameters (4, 6, 8 and 10mm). T

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7

Oleksik, Valentin, Adrian Pascu, Eugen Avrigean, and Ioan Bondrea. "Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Influence of Process Parameters on Strains and Forces of Single Point Incremental Forming." Advanced Materials Research 939 (May 2014): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.939.367.

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These paper aims to determine the influence of the most important geometrical parameters (vertical step and punch diameter) on the main strains, thickness reduction and the forces along two directions during the single point incremental forming process (SPIF). The paper comprises a comparative numericalexperimental study, for a simple geometry part obtained by incremental forming. In fact, in the first stage, the punch has a vertical motion with the value of one vertical step. In the second stage, the punch follows a linear trajectory along one side of the die. After each linear trajectory the

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8

Chang, Chao Cheng, Dinh Hiep Nguyen, and Hsin Sheng Hsiao. "A Study on Warm Micro Backward Extrusion of SUS 304 Stainless Steel." Key Engineering Materials 486 (July 2011): 139–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.486.139.

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A metal forming system comprising an electrical heater, capable of conducting processes at elevated temperatures, was developed to perform micro backward extrusion processes of SUS 304 stainless steel. Two punches with diameters of 1.6 mm and 1.8 mm were used to extrude the billets inside the die with an inner diameter of 2 mm. All processes were lubricated with water-based graphite and conducted under isothermal conditions at 400 °C. The results show that the developed extrusion system can be used to produce the stainless steel components with a micro cup-shaped profile. Moreover, the variati

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9

Zhang, Yao. "The study on the influence of different damage introduction methods on the damage characteristics of aircraft composites." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2660, no. 1 (2023): 012046. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2660/1/012046.

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Abstract Composite materials have advantages incomparable to traditional metal materials. However, they are more sensitive to impact damage and their mechanical properties decrease significantly after impact damage. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the energy absorption, mechanical response and damage mechanism of materials in different ways. To study the influence of different punch diameter sizes on the material damage characteristics, three kinds of punch diameters of 12.7 mm, 16 mm and 25.4 mm are selected to carry out the quasistatic indentation test and drop hammer impact

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10

Wilczyński, Dominik, Ireneusz Malujda, Jan Górecki, and Piotr Jankowiak. "Research on the process of biomass compaction in the form of straw." MATEC Web of Conferences 254 (2019): 05015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925405015.

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The paper presents the examination of the degree of compaction of biomass material in the form of straw, depending on the temperature of the compaction process, the diameter of the pressing punch and the humidity of the compacted straw. The series of punch-sleeve assemblies characterized by the variable diameter of both the punch and the sleeve were used in the tests. For each diameter of the sleeve, a straw sample was compressed with a force suitable to obtain a compressive stress value in the sample cross section of 10 MPa. Each punch-sleeve assembly was adapted for installation on a strengt

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11

Shergold, Oliver A., and Norman A. Fleck. "Experimental Investigation Into the Deep Penetration of Soft Solids by Sharp and Blunt Punches, With Application to the Piercing of Skin." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 127, no. 5 (2005): 838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1992528.

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An experimental study has been conducted on the penetration of silicone rubbers and human skin in vivo by sharp-tipped and flat-bottomed cylindrical punches. A penetrometer was developed to measure the penetration of human skin in vivo, while a conventional screw-driven testing machine was used to penetrate the silicone rubbers. The experiments reveal that the penetration mechanism of a soft solid depends upon the punch tip geometry: a sharp tipped punch penetrates by the formation and wedging open of a mode I planar crack, while a flat-bottomed punch penetrates by the growth of a mode II ring

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12

Liu, Dan, Xiao Ting Xiao, Yi Juan Liao, and Zheng Rong Zhang. "Preliminary Study on Prediction Model of Forming Tubular Bulge Height for a Thick-Plate." Advanced Materials Research 314-316 (August 2011): 763–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.314-316.763.

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To form the thick-plate with the tubular bulge, the backward and forward extrusion and punch process is proposed. The thickness of sheet metal, the inner diameter of tubular bulge, the diameter of punch-die, the forward extrusion depth and other process parameters are set by orthogonal regression design method and these groups of values are used respectively to simulate the combined extruding and punching process by the plastic analysis software DEFORM3D. And then, the linear regression equation is obtained between the bulge height and process parameters. The results indicate that the main fac

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13

Wang, Jian Ping, Gang Chen, Peng Cheng Zhai, and Qing Jie Zhang. "Investigation on the Effect of Test Parameters on Small Punch Creep Tests by Finite Element Method." Materials Science Forum 631-632 (October 2009): 393–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.631-632.393.

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The small punch creep (SP-C) test technique is a new method which is applied to evaluate the high temperature creep properties of materials by using miniature specimen. In the present paper, the Finite Element Method (FEM) is employed to simulate the SP-C test in order to investigate the effects of test parameters on testing results of the SP-C test. In this attempt, we perform systematic numerical simulations of SP-C tests by changing friction coefficient, specimen thickness, the diameter of punch ball and the inner diameter of lower die, and discuss the effects of the variation of test param

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14

Chang, Chao Cheng, Lin Chi Wu, and Jia Wei Huang. "Effect of Punch Shapes on Micro Backward Extrusion of Brass." Key Engineering Materials 626 (August 2014): 456–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.626.456.

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This study considered four types of punch, which were flat, conical, spherical and standardized punched, to investigate the effect of the punch shapes on the micro backward extrusion of brass. Brass (JIS C2600) materials were annealed at 500 °C, 600 °C, and 700 °C and resulted in different microstructures with grain sizes of 50 μm, 70 μm and 111 μm, respectively. The annealed brass materials were carefully machined as cylindrical billets with the same dimension of 1.1 mm in diameter and length. The billets were later used in the experiments of the micro backward extrusion to form cups with 1.1

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15

Nugroho, Widyanto Dwi, and Fanany Wuri Prastiwi. "Minimum invasive sampling method using hollow punch for tropical wood identification on Indonesian cultural heritage." Ge-conservacion 24, no. 1 (2023): 136–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37558/gec.v24i1.1217.

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The collection of wood samples is an important step, especially for the identification of wood in cultural heritage. Furthermore, in wood sampling, it is preferable to avoid any damage to minimize destruction to the objects. This study aimed to observe the effectiveness of the minimally invasive sampling method using a hollow punch for wood identification on wooden cultural heritage, such as the Panji mask (Java).The materials used as a testing model were three tropical wood species. Sampling was conducted with various diameters of hollow punch at transverse, tangential, and radial sections. T

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16

Chen, Tsung Chia, and Ming Long Xu. "Effects of Process Parameters on the Formability of Miniature Layered Cups." Key Engineering Materials 661 (September 2015): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.661.69.

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Based on materials, different punch radii (0.3, 0.35, 0.4, 0.45, and 0.5 mm), two sets of diameter-diameter ratio 1.(.167, 1.25, 1.33, 1.4167, and 1.5) and 2.(1.6, 1.45, 1.33, 1.231, and 1.143), and two sets of depth ratio 1.(1.3, 1.4, 1.5, 1.6, and 1.7) and 2.(2.14, 1.875, 1.67, 1.5, and 1.36) are used for the stamping processes to analyze the simulation and experimental difference in copper sheet-metal (C1100) miniature layered cups. Prandtl-Reuss flow rule is integrated with finite deformation theory and Updated Lagrangian Formulation (ULF) to establish the incremental elastic-plastic defor

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17

Zhou, Hong Hua, Zhe He Yao, and Zi Chen Chen. "An Experimental Study on Micro Thixoforming Processing Parameters for Reaction Plate with Micro-Pin-Fin Arrays." Advanced Materials Research 154-155 (October 2010): 907–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.154-155.907.

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Processing parameters of micro thixoforming, such as height-diameter ratio, die/punch temperature, billet temperature, and punch speed, have direct and complex impact on final quality of the workpiece, which is to be applied as the reaction plate of a microreactor for hydrogen production from methanol steam reforming. The micro/meso features of the workpiece, which is for catalyst loading, are micro-pin-fin arrays. Size of the surface area and uniformity of the pin-fins are quantified by average height (Ha) and relative standard deviation (RSD). An orthogonal experiment design is adopted to in

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18

Harada, Yasunori, Atsushi Yamamoto, Takayuki Goto, and Eiji Nakamura. "Formability of Magnesium-Lithium Alloy Sheet by Multi-Stage Deep Drawing." Materials Science Forum 706-709 (January 2012): 1164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.706-709.1164.

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The formability of the magnesium-lithium alloy was examined by multi-stage deep drawing. Long cups of magnesium alloy were formed at ambient temperatures by multi-stage deep drawing processes. In multi-stage deep drawing, the magnesium-lithium alloy sheets were employed and a flat sheet blank is formed into a cylindrical by a punch. Various cups were drawn by exchanging the punch and ringed die. The die was flat in the first stage, and was taper without a blankholder in the subsequent stages. The effects of the ratio of blank diameter to punch diameter and blank thickness on the deep drawabili

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19

Behrens, Gerrit, and Frank Vollertsen. "Influence of Tool Geometry Variation on the Punch Force in Micro Deep Drawing." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 1306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.1306.

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Micro forming processes are very well suited for manufacturing of small metal parts in large quantities and micro deep drawing provides a great application potential for the manufacturing of parts with complex shapes. But size effects like changed tribology and material properties usually result in smaller process windows for micro forming operations. Process caused wear as well as large inaccuracy in manufacturing of micro forming tools is responsible for geometrical deviation of the tools from nominal size. Both influences can have essential impact on the process window size and process stab

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20

Pach, Joanna, and Ewa Kuterek. "Investigation of the Quasi-Static Penetration Resistance Behaviour of Carbon/Aramid Fibre-Reinforced PP Laminate." Materials 14, no. 4 (2021): 709. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14040709.

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This work presents the experimental results of a quasi-static attempt at the penetration of hybrid and non-hybrid laminates reinforced with aramid and carbon fibres on a thermoplastic polypropylene matrix. The hybrid laminates were prepared in two fibre combinations: carbon–aramid–carbon (CAC), in which the carbon fibres comprised the outer (lining) layers, and aramid–carbon–aramid (ACA) with carbon fibres in their intermediate layers. A quasistatic penetration attempt was performed for two coefficients: SPR—support span to punch diameter ratio, (SPR = 2 and 5). The SPR = Ds/Dp was calculated

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21

Miłek, Tomasz. "The Effect of Equivalent Strain on Punch Load for Cold Backward Extrusion of Copper Cans." Key Engineering Materials 716 (October 2016): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.716.68.

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The paper presents experimental and computer modelling (FEM) results of investigations into cold backward extrusion of copper cans. The simulations were performed using QFORM software based the finite element method (FEM). The samples used in investigations were pieces of copper rods having the diameter d0 = 24,5 mm and height h0 = 16 mm (h0/d0=0,65). The billets were heat treated (annealed). Heat treatment is used to increase the plasticity of the material before cold backward extrusion. The material was annealed at 550°C for a period of 1 h, and then subjected to solution treatment in water.

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22

Hwang, Yeong-Maw, Hong-Nhan Pham, Ze-Wei Ho, and Yu-Jen Wang. "An Innovative Tube Hydro-Joining Process Combining Piercing, Hole Flanging and Nut Inlaying." Materials 18, no. 9 (2025): 1990. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18091990.

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This paper proposes a novel tube hydro-joining process, which combines piercing, hole flanging, and nut inlaying. The nut punch shape design proposed by this paper can deliver three advantages of no scrap, no oil leakage, and longer flange length, which can achieve stronger clamping force and accordingly increase the pull out load. First, we use the finite element analysis to investigate the elasto-plastic deformation of the aluminum alloy A6063 tube during the hydro-joining process. A punch-shaped nut with a tapered locking part is designed to increase the elasto-binding strength of the pierc

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23

Li, Ji Guang, Jie Gang Zhang, Jing Ping Liu, et al. "Application of Viscous Pressure Forming in Aeronautics and Astronautics." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 3306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.3306.

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Viscous pressure forming (VPF) is a new developed sheet soft-punch forming process in 1900s. The basic principle and characteristics of VPF are described. The applications of VPF technologies of nickel-based super-alloy corrugated thin-walled part, asymmetrical thin-wall part with variable diameter, super-alloy thin-walled part with variable diameters, corrugated thin-walled part with larger diameter and small section are presented. The results show that VPF is suitable for the forming of parts with high strength, low plasticity, super thin-wall and complex shaped.

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24

Matsumoto, Ryo, and Hiroshi Utsunomiya. "Cold Piercing of Cylindrical Aluminum Billet with Counter Punch Pressure." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.613.

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To make a hole with a high aspect ratio (depth/diameter) for lightweight structural components, piercing of cylindrical billet of aluminum alloy was carried out against a counter pressure on a servo-controlled double axis press. To obtain smooth shear surface of pierced hole, the counter pressure was applied to the billet by a counter punch from the opposite side of a piercing punch during piercing. Irrespective of amount of clearance of die–piercing punch, ratio of the length of shear surface/depth of pierced hole in the pierced billet reached about 0.9 by applying a counter punch pressure of

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25

Liang, S. Y., and D. A. Dornfeld. "Characterization of Sheet Metal Forming Using Acoustic Emission." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 112, no. 1 (1990): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2903185.

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The application of acoustic emission signal analysis for characterization of sheet metal forming operations is discussed in this paper. Two particular sheet metal forming operations are examined: punch stretching and deep drawing. The acoustic emission signal characteristics, including the energy content, the spectral properties, and time series behaviors, as functions of the process state, are experimentally studied. Using plastic work analysis, an analytical relationship between acoustic emission energy rate and punch stretching parameters (punch feed rate, workpiece thickness, punch size, h

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26

Komori, Yukiya, Yohei Suzuki, Kohta Abe, Tatsuhiko Aizawa, and Tomomi Shiratori. "Fine Piercing of Amorphous Electrical Steel Sheet Stack by Micro-/Nano-Textured Punch." Materials 15, no. 5 (2022): 1682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15051682.

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The periodic nanotexture was superposed to the micro-textured grooves on the side surface of the punch. These grooves with nanotextures were shaped to have parallel and vertical orientations to the punch stroke direction, respectively. A stack of five amorphous electrical steel sheets was punched out with these micro-/nano-textured punches. The process affected zone at the vicinity of the punched hole was analyzed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) and a three-dimensional profilometer. The punch surfaces were also observed by SEM to describe the debris particle adhesion on them. The dimensi

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27

Wojtkowiak, Dominik, and Krzysztof Talaśka. "Finite Element Analysis of the Axially Non-symmetrical Piercing Punches Performance for Belt Perforation." MATEC Web of Conferences 357 (2022): 02001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202235702001.

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Modification of the punch geometry can greatly reduce the force necessary to perform the perforation of the belt. This paper presents research on axially non-symmetrical piercing punches – double sheared one and one with a cylindrical bowl. FEM analysis was performed for a variable tip angle β in the 60-150° range for a double sheared punch or a variable bowl radius R in the 5.25-10 mm range and for a constant punch diameter D = 10 mm and TFL10S belt. Based on the obtained results, the influence of the tip angle β (for the double sheared punch) and the bowl radius R (for a cylindrical bowl pun

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28

Krawczyk, Jakub, Zbigniew Gronostajski, Sławomir Polak, Karol Jaśkiewicz, Władysław Chorzępa, and Ireneusz Pęcak. "The Influence of the Punch Shape and the Cutting Method on the Limit Strain in the Hole Expansion Test." Key Engineering Materials 716 (October 2016): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.716.129.

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The article presents a comparison of the hole-flange factors for four steel sheets which have different strength parameters. Three types of punches were applied in the research: cylindrical, spherical and conical. The holes in the samples were made with the use of the following cutting technologies: laser cutting, electrodischarge method using wire and punching. The coefficient of the hole expansion shows that the shape of the used tools has a great impact on the final diameter of the hole. The greatest enlargement of the diameter was obtained for the conical punch, a smaller enlargement for t

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29

Asti Rosalia, Citra, Satrio Wicaksono, Tatacipta Dirgantara, Arif Basuki, and Ichsan Setya Putra. "Design and Fabrication of Ball Punch Deformation Test of Metallic Sheet Material." Mesin 27, no. 1 (2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/mesin.2018.27.1.1.

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Predicting the behavior of sheet metal in forming process is very important to avoid material failure. The strain limit of sheet metals before tearing occurs is attainable in Forming Limit Diagram (FLD), which can be obtained experimentally or theoretically. Experimentally, FLD of a sheet metal can be achieved by performing ball punch deformation test. Unfortunately, commercially available ball punch deformation test apparatus is still very expensive. In this paper, the design, fabrication and testing process of more affordable ball punch deformation test apparatus is be presented. The ball pu

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Markova, E. V., A. M. Al Darabseh, I. E. Daba’bneh, and A. R. Ahmed. "THE EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDY OF THE FORCES DURING THE INCREMENTAL FORMING OF TITANIUM SHEETS." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 23, no. 1 (2021): 5–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2021-23-1-5-10.

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Incremental forming is a rapid prototyping process that allows sheets to be formed without using forming tools, using a numerically controlled machine tool. A wide variety of shapes can be generated with this process. The objective of this work is to study through experimental tests and numerical simulations the behavior of ASTM grade 2 titanium during incremental point forming (SPIF). A Spinner MFG850 machining center from ISET in JENDOUBA coupled to a multi-component force sensor FN7325 was used for the forming of thin sheets by this process. As the diameter of the punch and its incremental

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31

Nishida, Shinichi, Junshi Ichikawa, Yuta Kashitani, et al. "FEM Analysis of Cold Flaring Process of SUS304 Pipe." Defect and Diffusion Forum 382 (January 2018): 120–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.382.120.

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This paper describes a production process for experiment and finite element method (FEM) analysis of cold forming of SUS304 pipe. These large diameter pipes such as φ114.3 mm are used for a plant as a flow channel of gas and liquid. The connection of pipes are generally welded at the plant. However, the other connecting method are required from a viewpoint of making the plant environment worse by welding. Therefore, flaring process of large diameter pipes were proposed. This flaring process is one of a method of pipe flange forming. The formed pipes were connected used with loose flange. Flari

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32

Wan, K. T. "Adherence of an Axisymmetric Flat Punch Onto a Clamped Circular Plate: Transition From a Rigid Plate to a Flexible Membrane." Journal of Applied Mechanics 69, no. 2 (2001): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1433477.

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A clamped circular film is adhered to a rigid cylindrical punch. An external force pulls the punch away causing delamination at the punch-plate interface. The deflections of the film are discussed for a range of film thickness and stiffness, detailing the continuous transition from a plate under bending to a membrane under stretching. An equilibrium theory of delamination mechanics is derived based on an energy balance. A complete separation at the punch-film interface, or the “pull-off” event, is predicted when the contact circle shrinks to approximately 0.18 of the film diameter. The values

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33

Chartpuk, Prakorb, and Chaiwat Chaimahapuk. "Analysis of Stress Distribution for Powder Compression Molding by Finite Element Method." Applied Mechanics and Materials 891 (May 2019): 269–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.891.269.

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The ultrasonic mold was designed for the ceramic powder compression. CAD and CAE were used in the design to analyze the mold strength and its natural frequency. The study of stress distribution and compression in upper and lower punch, mold body and waveguide comparison of stresses was analyzed by FEA experiments under maximum compression at 50,000 N to validate the results of both methods and the mold natural frequency. The difference between FEA and experimental analysis was 3-7%, acceptable. The redesign results in a cylindrical mold body with the outer diameter of 80 mm, the height of 100

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Winiarski, Grzegorz. "Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Effect of Selected Parameters in a New Method of Extrusion with a Movable Sleeve." Materials 15, no. 13 (2022): 4585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15134585.

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This paper presents a new method for forming hollow flanged products. The method involves extrusion with the use of a sleeve moving in the opposite direction to that of the punch. A tube with a constant hole diameter and two different outside diameters, made of aluminum alloy EN AW 6060 was used as a material. Numerical calculations were performed using Deform 2D/3D. Experiments were conducted on the PYE 160SS hydraulic press equipped with a specially designed device in which the punch is driven by the press slide while the moveable sleeve is driven by two hydraulic servomotors. Both numerical

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Herbert, E. G., W. C. Oliver, A. Lumsdaine, and G. M. Pharr. "Measuring the constitutive behavior of viscoelastic solids in the time and frequency domain using flat punch nanoindentation." Journal of Materials Research 24, no. 3 (2009): 626–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2009.0089.

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The purpose of this work is to further develop experimental methodologies using flat punch nanoindentation to measure the constitutive behavior of viscoelastic solids in the frequency and time domain. The reference material used in this investigation is highly plasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC) with a glass transition temperature of −17 °C. The nanoindentation experiments were conducted using a 983-μm-diameter flat punch. For comparative purposes, the storage and loss modulus obtained by nanoindentation with a 103-μm-diameter flat punch and dynamic mechanical analysis are also presented. Over

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Jasim, Ahmad Saad, and Ali Abbar Khleif. "An Investigation of the Shearing Forces Using Blanked Carbon Steel Sheets." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 22, no. 2 (2019): 131–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.22020131.

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An important challenge confronted when using blanking to machine sheet metal is the treatment of the shearing force in demand for great strength and heavy stock. One of the methods used to decrease the force wanted is the increase of a punch shear angle. In this work, experiments were conducted to study the effect of shear angle for blank has a diameter (50 mm) on shear force of a low carbon steel sheet (AISI 1008). Low carbon steel is a very common material used in fabrication of sheet metal components, with thickness of (0.5 mm). Tools used in the blanking tests were one traditional flat end

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Rosca, Nicolae, Tomasz Trzepieciński, and Valentin Oleksik. "Minimizing the Forces in the Single Point Incremental Forming Process of Polymeric Materials Using Taguchi Design of Experiments and Analysis of Variance." Materials 15, no. 18 (2022): 6453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15186453.

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The aim of the present paper is that of conducting a study on the basis of which the optimal parameters for the manufacturing of polymer parts by means of the single point incremental forming process can be chosen in such a way that the process forces have minimum values. Two polymeric materials with a 3 mm thickness, polyamide and polyethylene, were chosen for the analysis. The other input parameters that were considered were: the punch diameter, the step on vertical direction and the wall angle. The Taguchi method was chosen for the design of experiments. Each of the input parameters, except

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Chang, Chao Cheng, and Li Yi Lin. "Effect of Grain Size on Micro Ball Punch Deformation of SUS 304 Stainless Steel." Advanced Materials Research 579 (October 2012): 445–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.579.445.

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Micro metal forming is widely interested due to its potential in manufacturing micro parts with low costs and high production rate as the demands of compact devices have been increasing in many fields. This study uses micro ball punch deformation tests to investigate the effect of grain size on the formability of SUS 304 stainless steel sheets. The study employed annealing treatments to change the grain size of the sheets. By using three punches in different diameters in associated with three dies having an inner diameter of 2 mm and different die radii, it was able to perform micro bulging te

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Teng, Hsiang Yu, Gow Yi Tzou, and Yeong-Maw Hwang. "FEM Simulation on Rotating Piercing Process with Coulomb Friction." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.127.

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This study proposes a new piercing technology with rotating punch; it carries out an FEM simulation on rotating piercing process using DEFORM-3D commercial software. Frictions among the punch, the blank holder, the dies and the work-piece material are assumed as Coulomb friction, but can be different. The surface of the inner diameter, the effective stress, the effective strain, velocity field, damage, burr and the shearing force can be determined form the FEM simulation. In this study, effects of various piercing conditions such as the clearance, the punch nose angle, the frictional coefficie

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Ostrovsky, Anatoliy. "IMPROVING OF ROUND HOLE CUTTING PROCESS IN THE SHEET METAL." ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC, no. 2(113) (June 29, 2021): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2520-6168-2021-2-4.

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Improving existing technological processes is an important stage in the development of all industries. As a consequence, this article is devoted to the analysis of the process of flanging round holes in sheet steel. The existing typical technological process, with a detailed analysis, gives grounds for substantiating the idea of an innovative solution. Changing the sequence of the traditional flanging method will ensure high productivity and material savings. Of the many promising methods of metal forming by pressure, which include flanging of round holes, two are given for comparison: the tra

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Simões, Vasco M., Jeremy Coër, Hervé Laurent, et al. "Sensitivity Analysis of Process Parameters in the Drawing and Ironing Processes." Key Engineering Materials 554-557 (June 2013): 2256–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.554-557.2256.

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Deep drawing is one of the most important operations used in sheet metal forming. Within this, forming of cylindrical cup is one of the most widely studied deep drawing processes since it allows analysing the effect of different process parameters in phenomena such as earing, springback and ironing. In fact, during the deep drawing of a cylindrical cup the blank thickness gradually increases as the blank outer diameter is reduced to the die inner diameter, resulting in a thickness increase from a point near the bottom radius until the maximum value at the top of the cup. Therefore, if the gap

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Kaya, Mehmet, Taner İyigün, Mugisha Kyaruzi, et al. "Effect of Proximal Anastomotic Diameter on Venous Bypass Graft Patency in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting." Heart Surgery Forum 18, no. 5 (2015): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1532/hsf.1304.

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<strong>Background:</strong> In this study, the relationship between patency of saphenous vein (SV) graft and different sizes of aorta wall punches was investigated during the follow-up period after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. We also evaluated the other possible factors affecting SV graft patency.<br /><strong>Methods:</strong> This study consisted of 266 consecutive and symptomatic patients with postoperative angiography. The primary endpoint was at least one saphenous graft failure observed from coronary computed tomography angiography (cCTA) and/or i

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Schofield, Robert M. S., Seunghee Choi, Joshua J. Coon, et al. "Is fracture a bigger problem for smaller animals? Force and fracture scaling for a simple model of cutting, puncture and crushing." Interface Focus 6, no. 3 (2016): 20160002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2016.0002.

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Many of the materials that are challenging for large animals to cut or puncture are also cut and punctured by much smaller organisms that are limited to much smaller forces. Small organisms can overcome their force limitations by using sharper tools, but one drawback may be an increased susceptibility to fracture. We use simple contact mechanics models to estimate how much smaller the diameter of the tips or edges of tools such as teeth, claws and cutting blades must be in smaller organisms in order for them to puncture or cut the same materials as larger organisms. In order to produce the sam

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Hirota, Kenji, and Kota Michitsuji. "Deformation behavior in boss forming with small punch/die diameter ratio." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 216 (February 2015): 294–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2014.09.012.

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Boshkova, Simona, Monika Kostovska, Krume Toshev, and Natasha Anevska Stojanovska. "Influence of punch diameter change on the quality attributes of tablets." Macedonian Pharmaceutical Bulletin 68, no. 03 (2022): 265–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.03.127.

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Zeng, Shao Feng, and Wen Zhe Chen. "Die Parameters Optimized for Drawing of AZ31 Magnesium Alloy Sheet by Finite Element Method." Key Engineering Materials 480-481 (June 2011): 634–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.480-481.634.

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In this study AZ31 sheet with a thickness of 1.2mm and diameter of 52mm was simulated to press into a dish by a finite element method(FEM) software, which to obtain better processing of plastics forming of magnesium alloy by varying die parameters. In order to find the way of development on drawing property and to formulate the rational stamping processing, simulations have been applied on the maximum principal stress various with round radius of dent die and round radius of punch and die gap. Simulation results show that: to obtain a dish of 29mm diameter, a sheet of AZ31 magnesium with a thi

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Suranuntchai, Surasak, and Prarop Kritboonyarit. "Sheet Metal Forming Analysis of an Automotive Part Using Finite Element Simulation." Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (October 2011): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.11.

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The purpose of the present research is to investigate and improve the quality of car brake booster deformed under drawing processes by using Finite Element (FE) program known as AutoForm. The materials are made from SPC270F with thickness 1.4 mm. and the initial diameter of 280 mm. The brake booster requires totally 9 production processes, including the sheet blanking, in the manufacture. Failure has found in the 4th draw in which cracking occurs at the bottom of cylinder. The material property assumed to be anisotropic, behaved according to Ludwik’s equation, and deformed rigid-plastic, which

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Guo, Yong Qiang, Chun Guo Xu, Guang Sheng Ren, and Gui Hua Liu. "Optimization of Forming Technique during Necking Extrusion of Drill Pipe Joints." Advanced Materials Research 291-294 (July 2011): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.291-294.569.

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By using finite element method, the causes of forming defects such as shortage of material and punching recess thickened during drill pipe joints forging were studied and some solutions were put forward. According to the numerical simulation results, one forming defect named shortage of material caused by the metal irregular flow at the bottom of necking die, which can be resolved by reducing the die forming-angle and increasing the width of the punch. On the condition with D0/d0≤2.6 (D0 refers to outer diameter, d0 refers to inner diameter), necking process can be completed with one-step back

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Wojtkowiak, Dominik, Krzysztof Talaśka, Dominik Wilczyński, Jan Górecki, and Krzysztof Wałęsa. "A Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian Simulation and Tool Optimization for Belt Punching Process with a Single Cutting Edge." Materials 14, no. 18 (2021): 5406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185406.

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The objective of this paper is to analyze the belt punching process with the use of a single cutting edge and discuss the influence of geometrical features of the piercing punch on the perforation force. Two basic shapes of the piercing punch with a single cutting edge were tested: tools with the blade pointing inside or pointing outside. The analytical models of the stress distribution in the shearing cross sections were derived for both punches. The presented model, along with the series of empirical tests and Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian simulation, was used for finding the effective geometr

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Zhao, Xian Ling, Jian Sheng Liu, and Wen Wu He. "Research of Deformation Process Control of Generator’s Retaining Rings on Hydraulic Bulging Strengthening Technology." Advanced Materials Research 139-141 (October 2010): 970–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.139-141.970.

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The hydraulic bulging strengthening technology is a kind of strengthening technology of large generator’s retaining ring. In the right punch working angle and sealing pressure of equipment, the ring billet is deformed uniformly by high pressure water. The experiment in 5MN oil-hydraulic machine proves that the ring billet is deformed uniformly while the punch working angle is 60° and the pressure between the punch and the rings is 1MN. When the internal and external diameter deformation of the ring billet is 8.5% and 14.0%, the external generatrices of the ring are nearly line. The ring billet

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