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Journal articles on the topic 'Punctuation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 25 July 2025

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1

Seagal, K. Ya. "Punctuational Minus Device in Parody: A Study of A. P. Chekhov’s “The Lady with the Dog” and M. M. Zoshchenko’s “The Lady with the Flowers”." Nauchnyi dialog 14, no. 2 (2025): 116–34. https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2025-14-2-116-134.

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This paper presents an analysis of the punctuational minus device within the context of parody. The study examines emotive punctuation marks (exclamation points, mid-sentence and terminal ellipses, question marks) in A. P. Chekhov’s short story “The Lady with the Dog” (1899) and its ‘parodic reinterpretation’ (I. P. Koleva) by M. M. Zoshchenko’s “The Lady with the Flowers” (1929). The relevance of this research lies in the fact that the emotive-deictic function of punctuation marks has not been described at the intertextual level, and methods of parodying punctuation (with the exception of hyp

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2

Shmelev, A. D. "Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn and Codification of Russian Punctuation." Russian language at school 79, no. 9 (2018): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2018-79-9-55-60.

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The paper deals with the general view of punctuation set forth in Grammatical considerations by Alexander Solzhenitsyn as well as the use of punctuation marks in his literary prose. The paper claims that the general principles of punctuation put forward by Solzhenitsyn combined with the results of observation over his punctuation usage should have certain implications for the codification of Russian punctuation. The author suggests that taking account of Solzhenitsyn’s ideas related to the use of punctuation marks and his own punctuational practice can be a help in finding a balance between se

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3

PALYKHATA, ELEONORA. "TRADITIONAL AND INTERACTIVE METHODOLOGY OF VECTORIZATION OF LEARNING SYNTAX AND PUNCTUATION STANDARDS IN COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL." Scientific Issues of Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University. Series: pedagogy 1, no. 2 (2023): 67–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.25128/2415-3605.22.2.8.

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The article highlights the ways to ensure the assimilation of syntactic knowledge and punctuation rules of linguistic didactic vectorization of the traditional and interactive methodology of acquiring punctuation skills and abilities using a system of exercises. An analysis of linguistic didactic research on the topic was carried out and a conclusion was drawn about the need to improve the system of syntactic and punctuational traditional and interactive exercises. As a result, attention is focused on the concepts of “exercises”, “system of exercises”, “tasks” which are relevant for the develo

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LEE, Jeon Kyung. "The Korean Punctuation Systems." Acta Linguistica Asiatica 4, no. 1 (2014): 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/ala.4.1.29-41.

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Currently, the concept of punctuation marks organized by the National Institute of Korean Language involves minimum punctuation marks that help communication between a writer and a reader. There are no traditional marks and instead, all of them reflect the Western punctuation marks. The former reflects the writer’s situation and functions in a sentence unit while the latter functions in a text unit which is related to the reading activity. The Korean traditional punctuation marks indicate the result of understanding the text. This means that Korean punctuation marks were developed in connectio

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5

Suliman, Fatma, Manal Ben- Ahmeida, and Salma Mahalla. "Importance of Punctuation Marks for Writing and Reading Comprehension Skills." (Faculty of Arts Journal) مجلة كلية الآداب - جامعة مصراتة, no. 13 (June 30, 2019): 29–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36602/faj.2019.n13.06.

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This study aims to highlight the causes behind the misuse of punctuation marks in order to help Libyan students reduce committing less mistakes in both skills writing and reading. In addition, this current study investigates the relationship between writing and reading in terms of punctuations, it is restricted only to punctuation marks, not all the cohesive devices. A writing test and a reading passage is formulated to test Libyan university students’ ability in using punctuation marks as well as an interview is conducted to collect more accurate data. In this research paper, the participants

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6

Flink, Carla M., and Scott E. Robinson. "Corrective policy reactions: positive and negative budgetary punctuations." Journal of Public Policy 40, no. 1 (2018): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x18000259.

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AbstractPunctuated equilibrium theory seeks to explain policy volatility and stability in government attention. In previous research into the temporal dynamics of punctuations, scholars found that punctuations occur in clusters – a recent budgetary punctuation increases the likelihood of a subsequent punctuation. This article examines the direction, positive or negative, of budgetary punctuations over time. Are budgetary punctuations corrective, grouping positive and negative changes? Or, do budgetary punctuations occur in cumulative trends of positive or negative changes? These questions addr

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7

Bučienė, Laimutė. "Punctuation-related Issues in Essays of Lithuanian Language and Literature State Matura Examination." Pedagogika 135, no. 3 (2019): 122–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/p.2019.135.7.

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The research object of this article is the essays written during the Lithuanian language and Literature State matura examination in 2019. The aim of the research is to investigate the essays from the perspective of punctuation, identify the most common punctuation mistakes based on the applicable punctuation norms and present methodological recommendations concerning the teaching/learning of punctuation of various syntactical units in the comprehensive school.The quantitative study of the essays confirmed the insights provided by earlier studies concerning a strong tendency of deteriorating pu

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8

Alruwani, Murad Mohammed, Senowarsito, and Dias Andris Susanto. "CHALLENGES IN PUNCTUATION USAGE AMONG LIBYAN EFL SECONDARY STUDENTS." English Review: Journal of English Education 13, no. 1 (2025): 397–406. https://doi.org/10.25134/erjee.v13i1.11649.

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Abstract: This study investigates the challenges in punctuation usage among Libyan EFL secondary students, with the primary objective of identifying specific types and underlying causes of punctuation errors in their writing. A qualitative descriptive methodology was employed, involving a sample of 20 first-year secondary students at Zlitin Central School who participated in narrative writing tests. These tests were specifically designed to identify and categorize punctuation errors. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were conducted with four experienced English language teachers from th

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9

Yudina, N. V. "RUSSIAN ORTHOGRAPHY AND PUNCTUATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY: «MAN» AND «LAW»." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 3 (July 28, 2016): 227–333. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2016-3-227-333.

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The paper is focused on the research and description of several active processes in Russian orthography and punctuation of the 21st century. The following tendencies are most specific: difference between the codified recommendations of rules and the written (orthographic and punctuative) practice; wish of a modern language personality to make the linguistic activity creative, use the expressive means of graphics, orthography and punctuation and draw attention of those who read and write; intentional violation of the orthographic and punctuative norms caused either by a low level of the written

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10

Gardner-Thorpe, Christopher. "Punctuation." Journal of Medical Biography 14, no. 1 (2006): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/j.jmb.2006.05-74.

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11

Tian, Tian. "Punctuation Marks and Copyists: Rereading the Yili (The Book of Etiquette and Ceremony) of the Wuwei Han Bamboo and Wooden Slips." Bamboo and Silk 8, no. 1 (2025): 132–73. https://doi.org/10.1163/24689246-20240006.

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Abstract The nine-chapter Book of Etiquette and Ceremony (Yili 儀禮) manuscripts found in the Han-dynasty Tomb 6 of the Mozuizi 磨咀子 Cemetery, Wuwei 武威 County contain three kinds of punctuations marks – dividers (fen’ge fu 分隔符), hooks (goushi fu 勾識符), and the signaling markers placed at the upper edges of the slips (jiantou tishi fu 簡頭提示符). These punctuation marks reveal that the text has undergone a complicated copying and transmission process. Copyists used dividers and hooks to separate the text into different layers to demonstrate their interpretations, thus making punctuation marks a medium

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12

Nwike, Christopher Chinedu. "Punctuation Relevance in Subtitle: The Foreign Audience Example." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 11, no. 3 (2021): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.1103.14.

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This study looked at punctuation mark and their relevance in written information although; the objective of the study is to discover the relevance of punctuation mark in subtitle: The Foreign audience example and to re-echo the need to have a well punctuated write-up in literary genres. The study sees language as a system of human communication. The problem of the study sets in from lots of poor and wrongly applied punctuations, as various forms of signs are seen to be used in some of the movies of the entertainment industry – Nollywood, which in turn, gives rise to wrong interpretation to the

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13

Tangestani, Elahe, Mojgan Eyvazi, and Shirin Pourebrahim. "Effect of Punctuation on Complexity of Blindness by Saramago." European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies 11, no. 6 (2023): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.37745/ejells.2013/vol11n62329.

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Jose Saramago is believed to possess unique form of writing style which is both defined as complicated and easy to read at the same time. Certain elements have their share in such effect; however, central emphasize of present study is on punctuation and particular use of different punctuations in Blindness. The original book is in Portuguese but English translation by Giovanni Pontiero is the main focus of present study. Theories for the present study is a combination of Nunberg (1990) and Briscoe (1995). Employing descriptive analytical method, punctuations are grouped into 7 categories follo

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14

Mulvey, Christopher. "The English Project's History of English Punctuation." English Today 32, no. 3 (2016): 45–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078416000110.

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The mission of the English Project (www.englishproject.org) is to explore and explain the English language in order to educate and entertain the English speaker, and 2015 was the year of punctuation for the Project because 6 February 2015 was the 500th anniversary of the death of Aldus Manutius. Aldus was a Venetian printer who shaped the comma, invented the semicolon and created italic fonts. He may have been the greatest punctuator of all time. We ‘punctuated’ the year by looking in turn at the full stop, the semicolon, the colon, the comma, the slash, the hyphen, the parenthesis, the exclam

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15

Wharton, Matt. "Perfect. Punctuation." Antipodes 32, no. 1-2 (2018): 326–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/apo.2018.0043.

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16

Henderson, Cindy S. "Improper Punctuation." English Journal 76, no. 1 (1987): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/818319.

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17

Katsnelson, Alla. "Genome punctuation." Journal of Cell Biology 173, no. 5 (2006): 643a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.1735rr3.

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18

Wharton. "Perfect. Punctuation." Antipodes 32, no. 1-2 (2018): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.13110/antipodes.32.1-2.0326.

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19

Calhoun, Robert Matthew. "Christological Punctuation." Novum Testamentum 61, no. 4 (2019): 409–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685365-12341634.

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AbstractThe 26th edition of the Nestle-Aland Novum Testamentum Graece, followed by the 27th and 28th editions, deleted a punctuation variant in Phil 2:7 noted in the 25th, which drew attention to a syntactical ambiguity in the construal of three successive participial phrases (7b–d). Resolutions of this ambiguity have significant consequences for the passage’s christological perspective. Future editions should revise and restore this variant.

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20

Straight, Steve. "Poem: Punctuation." Teaching English in the Two-Year College 36, no. 3 (2009): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/tetyc20097053.

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21

Hannay, Mike, and Caroline Kroon. "Acts and the relationship between discourse and grammar." Functions of Language 12, no. 1 (2005): 87–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/fol.12.1.05han.

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In modelling the discourse–grammar interface, a central question concerns the status of discourse act as the minimal unit of discourse organization and its relation to units of grammatical structure. This paper seeks to clarify the notion of act by defining it as a strategic rather than a conceptual unit, and by setting out a classification of strategic acts. Illustration is then offered for the position that discourse acts are to a very considerable extent realized in English by intonation units and punctuation units. This is done by considering how punctuational variation and cases of intona

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22

Seagal, K. Ya. "Development of Punctuation theory in First Quarter of 21<sup>st</sup> Century: Main Trends." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 2 (2022): 94–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-2-94-121.

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A generalization of the main trends in the development of the Russian and English punctuation theory in the first quarter of the 21st century is presented, namely, relatively stable trends in the analysis of punctuation within the framework of the communicative-pragmatic approach and punctuation activity in its functional diversity. The relevance of the study lies in the following: there is still no idea of what has been done in the theory of punctuation in the first quarter of the 21st century and what are the main trends in its development. The novelty of the study is in the disclosure of ho

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23

Sigal, K. Ya. "THE ORIGINS OF THE PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO PUNCTUATION." Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 32, no. 3 (2022): 529–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2022-32-3-529-536.

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In modern psycholinguistics, almost no attention is paid to the functioning of punctuation in writing / reading. The results of the available psycholinguistic studies, including experimental ones, are sometimes mutually exclusive. Therefore, there was a need to turn to the works of linguists, psychologists and pedagogues of the XX century, in which was made an attempt to understand how the subject of speech learns punctuation and uses it. The article is devoted to the origins of the psycholinguistic approach to punctuation: “psychology of punctuation” and theory of teaching punctuation in scho

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24

Seagal, K. Ya. "Stable Comparisons, Punctuation, and Usage." Nauchnyi dialog 13, no. 1 (2024): 82–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2024-13-1-82-99.

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This study offers an analysis of the methods of punctuation marking for stable comparisons in the punctuation practice of the 20th and 21st centuries. The research material comprises a micro-corpus, which includes more than 200 contexts of usage for stable comparisons, semantically similar free comparative constructions, as well as occasional transformations of stable comparisons. Punctuation actions involving stable comparisons are conceptualized as a distinct punctuation experiment, wherein diverse punctuation responses are formulated contingent upon the intrinsic nature of the stable compar

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25

Seagal, K. Ya. "Verbal Message and Punctuation Marking in Their Functional Interrelationships." Nauchnyi dialog 14, no. 1 (2025): 115–36. https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2025-14-1-115-136.

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This study presents a description of the types of functional interrelationships between verbal messages and punctuation marking within the context of individual authorial punctuation practices among Russian speakers from the late 18th to the early 21st century. The research material comprises punctuation and graphic facts predominantly found in literary (both prose and poetry) and scientific texts. The relevance of this study lies in the necessity to represent various types of functional interrelationships between verbal messages and punctuation marking on a unified conceptual basis — namely,

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26

Yuliawati, Fitrah, and Ika Nuriyanti. "The Study of The Students’ Ability to Use Punctuation in Writing Skill." Wacana Didaktika 5, no. 02 (2017): 118–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.5.02.118-132.

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Writing is one of the skills in English that should be mastered by students. Writing is means of communication whereby writing transmit idea to the reader. There are many steps in teaching writing skill. One of the steps is the teaching of punctuation. Punctuation is an element that has an important role in writing. Punctuation refers to sign on marks used to clarify the writings’ idea and the readers can understand easily the meaning of the sentences. This research used qualitative research, because this research describes about the students’ ability to use punctuation in writing. The researc

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27

PRУKHODKO, N. S. "AUTHOR’S INDIVIDUAL PUNCTUATION AS AN ELEMENT OF TEXT GRAPHICS." Movoznavstvo 319, no. 4 (2021): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-319-2021-4-004.

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The article sheds light on the concept of text graphics and the importance of punctuation in the graphic system of the text, in particular, poetic text. The author elucidates various scholars’ approaches to the definition of the term author’s individual punctuation, with a focus on the system-structural features of some punctuation marks and the most important functions of punctuation as a stylistic device. The article analyzes the expressive and stylistic means used to produce the greatest emotional influence on the listener or reader and classifies them into constructive, emotive, combined,

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28

Nuriyanti, Ika, and Fitrah Yuliawati. "THE STUDY OF THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO USE PUNCTUATION IN WRITING SKILL." WACANA DIDAKTIKA 5, no. 02 (2017): 118. http://dx.doi.org/10.31102/wacanadidaktika.v5i02.64.

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Writing is one of the skills in English that should be mastered by students. Writing is means of communication whereby writing transmit idea to the reader. There are many steps in teaching writing skill. One of the steps is the teaching of punctuation. Punctuation is an element that has an important role in writing. Punctuation refers to sign on marks used to clarify the writings’ idea and the readers can understand easily the meaning of the sentences. This research used qualitative research, because this research describes about the students’ ability to use punctuation in writing. The researc

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29

Telg, Ricky W. "Grammar and Punctuation." EDIS 2015, no. 1 (2015): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-wc192-2015.

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Any news story should be as free of grammar and punctuation errors as possible. Grammar is a system of rules that defines the use of the language. Most of the grammar and punctuation rules you have learned in school will be the same when using Associated Press Style, but there are some differences. This 4-page fact sheet covers some common grammatical and punctuation issues for journalists. Written by Ricky Telg, and published by the UF Department of Agricultural Education and Communication, January 2015. (Photo: iStock/Thinkstock) AEC530/WC192: Grammar and Punctuation (ufl.edu)

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30

Kelly, Patricia P., Wanda R. Daniel, Howard G. Dunlap, and Judith Shultz Byfield. "Help with Punctuation." English Journal 76, no. 1 (1987): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/818315.

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31

Goldbarth, Albert. "The Earliest Punctuation." Iowa Review 19, no. 2 (1989): 115–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0021-065x.3753.

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32

Aitken, Elizabeth. "Punctuation rules. Stop." Primary Teacher Update 2013, no. 24 (2013): 21–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/prtu.2013.1.24.21.

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33

SMITH, JOHN MAYNARD. "Punctuation in perspective." Nature 332, no. 6162 (1988): 311–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/332311b0.

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34

ECKHARDT, ROBERT B. "Punctuation and selection." Nature 334, no. 6178 (1988): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/334110a0.

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35

White, Warren H., Jonathan P. Dowling, Klaus Hasselmann, Rolf G. Winter, and N. David Mermin. "Equation Punctuation Argumentation." Physics Today 43, no. 6 (1990): 13–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2810589.

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36

Gribbin, William. "Supplementing Punctuation Workbooks." English Journal 74, no. 8 (1985): 59–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.58680/ej198510869.

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37

Rodríguez-Castro, Mónica. "Translationese and punctuation." Translation and Interpreting Studies 6, no. 1 (2011): 40–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.6.1.03rod.

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This paper analyzes the comparative usage of punctuation marks in translated (English>Spanish) and non-translated newspaper articles. Excerpts were extracted from the online International News sections published in the US and Mexico by Reuters and the Associated Press. Hypothesis testing and corpus-based descriptive statistics were used to study the frequency of usage of punctuation marks, such as commas, periods, colons, semicolons, en-dashes and em-dashes, as well as sentence length, in translated and non-translated texts in the context of journalistic writing. Results from the analysis r

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38

Crabbe, V. C. R. A. C. "Punctuation in Legislation." Statute Law Review 9, no. 2 (1988): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/slr/9.2.87.

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39

Schneir, Michael. "Syntactic punctuation distraction." Medical Writing 31, no. 4 (2022): 84–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/tbjp1682.

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Schneir, Michael. "Syntactic punctuation distraction." Medical Writing 32, no. 1 (2023): 116–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.56012/pbnx6491.

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41

Severskaya, Olga, and Larisa Selezneva. "Some Notes About Business Punctuation: Punctuation Marks or Stumbling Blocks?" Russkaia Rech, no. 2 (April 2021): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s013161170014708-7.

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42

Thy, Cao Thi Mai, and Nguyen Thi Thuy Nuong. "Vietnamese EFL Learners’ Common Errors in Using Punctuation in Writing." rEFLections 32, no. 2 (2025): 686–711. https://doi.org/10.61508/refl.v32i2.281466.

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English punctuation plays a crucial role in conveying meaning and clarity in written communication. Proficiency in punctuation is essential for effective language expression, especially for Vietnamese learners of English as a Foreign Language (EFL). This is particularly important for Vietnamese learners due to the significant differences in punctuation rules between Vietnamese and English. The use of correct punctuation marks ensures that ideas are organized coherently, facilitating comprehension for readers. Despite its significance, learners, particularly those at the intermediate level, may

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43

Žalkauskaitė, Gintarė. "Features of idiolect in the punctuation of electronic mail." Lietuvių kalba, no. 5 (December 28, 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/lk.2011.22802.

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The article deals with the usage of punctuation marks in the emails of six different authors. Punctuation marks belong to the graphical level of a text, which makes the electronic discourse more distant from standard written language. As a result, a prediction is made that in the electronic communication punctuation marks may be used specifically. The aim of the article is to determine whether punctuation in electronic mail can be linked with the author's idiolect. The corpus of electronic messages under investigation consists of 65,090 words. In total, there are 13,548 punctuation marks used

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44

Seagal, K. Ya. "V.I. Chernyshev as Researcher of Russian Punctuation." Nauchnyi dialog 11, no. 1 (2022): 122–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2022-11-1-122-140.

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A generalization of the experience of research by Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences V.I. Chernyshev (1867-1949) on Russian punctuation is presented. The polemic of V.I. Chernyshev with contemporary scientists A.M. Peshkovsky and G.O. Vinokur on the problems of punctuation is considered. The role of V.I. Chernyshev in the development of punctuation theory in Russian linguistics is shown. The relevance of the study lies in the fact that V.I. Chernyshev’s punctuation concept, which is the first experience of a functional approach to punctuation, is fully described. The novelty

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45

Bybyk, Svitlana. "Punctuation norm in “Ukrainian orthography” of 2019: principles of formation and factors of codification." Ukrainska mova, no. 3 (2023): 84–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ukrmova2023.03.084.

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The article offers an analysis of the modern rules of the Ukrainian literary language regarding the use of punctuation marks. A brief review of the works on the principles of Ukrainian punctuation is presented, taking into account the changing views of linguists on their priority for the formation of norms for the use of punctuation marks. It was noted that scientists pay quite active attention to the question of the history of the formation of punctuation marks, the state of development of the problem of the development of the punctuation system of the Ukrainian language: the set of used sign

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46

Pavlyuk, Nataliia. "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC BASICS OF PUNCTUATION LEARNING." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (2020): 295–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-295-297.

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The article deals with the issues of gradual formation of mental actions, maintenance of psychological operations (prevention of the content segment necessary for expression of additional meaning in the sentence; anticipation of new thought and its connection with the previous one in the text; the content of the punctuation mark, the definition of the punctuation mark and the selection of the desired punctuation mark), which underlie the discovery of the properties and features of the basic punctuation concepts, and so same formation punctuation skills; the structure of mental activity for mas

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47

Nahnu, Asmuliyati, and Ria Riski Marsuki. "Contrasting the Usage of Punctuations in Chinese and Indonesian Language." Longda Xiaokan: Journal of Mandarin Learning and Teaching 6, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/longdaxiaokan.v6i1.44990.

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Knowing the punctuation marks in Chinese and Indonesian is very important. Therefore, in order to avoid mistakes or inaccuracies in the use of punctuation marks, this research was conducted to clearly describe the similarities and differences in the use of punctuation marks in Mandarin and Indonesian.This study is a descriptive qualitative research using the literature method and the contrastive analysis method. The results show that of the 12 punctuation marks in this study, there are 7 punctuation marks that have the same form and use, 3 punctuation marks that have different forms with the s

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Nazokat, Odilova Abdulhamid qizi. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF PUNISHMENT SYMBOLS IN CONTEXT IN ENGLISH." Eurasian Journal of Academic Research 1, no. 2 (2021): 884–87. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4898893.

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<em>The purpose of punctuation is to provide a clearer and easier explanation of the meaning of any appearance or action. In general, punctuation differences cause semantic differences. For example, let's look at these two statements below. Both sentences have the same words and the order of their placement is completely the same. The only difference is the use of punctuation.</em>

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Шмелев, Алексей Дмитриевич. "Вопросы пунктуации в работе Орфографической комиссии Российской академии наук: лингвистические основы кодификации". Język i Metoda 7 (2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/23919981jm.21.002.14234.

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This paper claims that a clear realization of the general principles of codification of punctuation should precede the work on creating a complete set of rules for Russian punctuation. Disputes among linguists on the qualification of new phenomena in punctuation are clear evidence of the absence of generally accepted criteria for assessing codification of norms. The proposed integrated approach to the codification of punctuation norms combines the results of observation over usage (taking into account the social variation of usage) with results of interviews. It is necessary to distinguish bet

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Melnikova, E. M. "Difficult cases of punctuation in the tasks of the All-Russian Olympiad of schoolchildren in the Russian language." Russian language at school 85, no. 5 (2024): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.30515/0131-6141-2024-85-5-44-49.

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The article examines those All-Russian Olympiad assignments in the Russian language that include questions on punctuation. It is noted that punctuation as a separate section is not included in the methodological recommendations for compiling Olympiad assignments. There are several reasons accounting for the small number of punctuation Olympiad tasks. Firstly, modern Russian punctuation is variable. Thus, the use of one or another punctuation mark can be determined not only by the main structural-grammatical principle of punctuation, but by the semantic and intonation ones as well. Secondly, th

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