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Suri, Dr Gunmala, and Sneha Sharma. "ANALYSIS OF STUDENT ACTIVITIES ON COMPUTER - A STUDY ON PUNJAB UNIVERSITY, INDIA." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 3, no. 3 (November 22, 2012): 354–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v3i3a.2938.
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The purpose of this research is to investigate and understand how students are using computer. The activities that a student undertakes with the help of computers which might be fulfilling some academic or non academic purpose, is of great interest. It will help in understanding the limitations and potentials offered by the technology for use of computer in classroom. This paper brings out the three major kinds of activities that students undertake with computer; self learning activities, Information collection tasks and communication and group activities. The study further analyses the effect of demographics i.e. gender, age and faculty (department) of students on the activities with computer. The results show that gender has no impact on the activities of students with computer. The age impacts only the activities related to Information collection by using computer where as the faculty of student significantly impacts all the activities viz. self learning activities, Information collection tasks and communication and group activities. The findings from this research can be used in designing future e-learning initiatives and development e-learning tools
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Rochwani, Ritu, and Aman D. Singh. "Perception and practices regarding complimentary feeding among anganwadi workers in Punjab, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 12 (November 24, 2018): 5205. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20184791.
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Background: Adequate and appropriate nutrition is the key to proper growth and development during the initial years of life. Appropriate complementary feeding depends on accurate information and skilled support from the family, community and health care system. Anganwadi is the focal point for delivering services to beneficiaries in every urban, rural, slum and tribal areas. Anganwadi workers (AWWs) provide health and nutrition education on various aspects of mother and child health. The objectives of the study were to assess perception and practices among Anganwadi workers regarding complimentary feeding.Methods: This was a cross sectional study which was conducted in month of April - May 2014. A total number of 1800 workers were under training programme conducted in department of Community Medicine Government Medical College, Patiala. Purposive sampling was used and 218 anganwadi workers were randomly selected (8 anganwadi workers in each batch were randomly selected) and interviewed Data thus collected and entered in Microsoft excel and statically analysed by Epi Info 7.Results: Only 65.60% anganwadi workers knew correctly about the complimentary feeding that is other food giving in addition to breast feeding. A large percent of anganwadi workers (43.58%) recommended liquid diets for children, nearly all 92.66% anganwadi workers taught mother that during illness feed should not be stopped. Only 43.58% taught mothers regarding consistency of feed to be given to baby.Conclusions: The perceptions and practices of anganwadi workers regarding frequency, quality and quantity of complementary Feeding were not good.
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Kaur, Navjot. "Impacts of Certain Imposed Factors on Education and Educationists in Punjab, India." Advanced Journal of Social Science 2, no. 1 (April 5, 2018): 32–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21467/ajss.2.1.32-39.
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Quality achievements, teacher inputs and outputs require a universal level if our country have to compete with the developed nations. Firstly, this paper examines problems while implementing those according to the present conditions in the schools of Punjab and secondly how those problems affect educationists as employs and educationists as common man. Teacher can fulfil the desires of society if he himself is mentally free from hardships in social responsibilities and free from the threat of insecure future. Education is only way to achieve desired goals in life and to make people aware of their prospect and potentials. Due to disparities presented in the rural and urban conditions of schools of Punjab there are some issues presented which affects the education system but are ignored ever. Often ignored factors, policies and structures either by political will or by bureaucracy have many adverse effects on the thousands of educationists and their families throughout life. This paper thus depicts categories of Para teacher schemes including contractual and departmental, Unequal wages but equal desired output by department, same policies for rural and urban staff ignoring regional disparities, prioritization of subjects since Kothari commission(1964-1966) without considering demand of today’s 21st century globalised world, poor level of teacher trainings , misinterpretations of compulsory education, Annual confidential reports (ACR’s) without feedback to employs, non-teaching works due to lack of support staff in schools which suffers teacher student contact timings and finally partial transfer policies in which some remained in urban areas forever and others remained in faraway places forever until and unless blessed by political will and ignoring goals of justice, liberty and equality and in last some remedies also suggested for the revision consideration. School education forms the foundation of an education system and this can be achieved only by providing the free environment.
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Randhawa, Mandeep, Jiteshwar Singh Pannu, Inderpal Kaur, Jasmeet Singh, and Inderpal Singh Grover. "Retrospective study of enormity of cancer in a tertiary care centre in Punjab, India." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 8, no. 7 (June 24, 2019): 1662. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20192668.
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Background: Cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells with potential of local invasion and distant metastasis. The risk of developing cancer is affected by important demographic and geographic factors in addition to specific risk factors associated with individual cancers. Cancer is uncontrolled growth of cells with potential of local invasion and distant metastasis. The risk of developing cancer is affected by important demographic and geographic factors in addition to specific risk factors associated with individual cancers.Methods: This was a retrospective and an observational study comprising of 142 histopathologically diagnosed cases of cancer . Study was carried out in the department of Pathology using retrospective data of the year 2017 from January till December. Hematological malignancies were not included.Results: At the end of study highest incidence of GIT and oral cancer was observed in 35.2% samples followed by cancer breast 28.1% and uterus and adnexa in 15.4%. In 6% and 4.2% of biopsies cancer of skin and soft tissues and prostate was verified respectively. Very few cases of thyroid, renal, lymphnode and bladder cancers were observed in the present study.Conclusions: Awareness and screening programs regarding risk factors of cancer and its early diagnosis along with stringent action by the Government to restrict the use of pesticides is the need of the hour to control cancer in Punjab.
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Narang, Vikram, Aminder Singh, Neena Sood, Bhavna Garg, Harpreet Kaur, Kunal Jain, and Sumit Grover. "Primary Extranodal Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas: A First Tertiary Care Experience from Punjab, North India." South Asian Journal of Cancer 09, no. 04 (October 2020): 230–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0041-1723073.
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Abstract Background Primary extranodal lymphomas are less frequently encountered and difficult to diagnose in routine practice. The histopathological and immunohistochemical studies are essential in addition to clinical details to diagnose. The incidence is varied in different parts of India along with variation in histopathological spectrum. Methodology The clinical features and histopathological findings of patients diagnosed with primary extranodal lymphoma over 3-year period were retrieved from archives of pathology department and analyzed. Results During the 3-year study period, a total of 135 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphomas were evaluated, and of these, 41.4% (56/135) of cases presented with primary extranodal involvement. The mean age of primary extranodal lymphoma presentation was 61.3 ± 17.5 with M:F ratio of 1:1.1 Most common extranodal site involved was gastrointestinal tract 32.1%, 18/56 (small intestine [17.8%, 10 cases] and large intestine [8.9%, 5 cases]). Non-Hodgkin lymphomas of B cell type were the predominant subtype (48/56, 85.7%), while 8/56 (14.2%) cases were of T cell lineage. Of the B cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma diffuse, large B cell lymphoma was the predominant subtype constituting ~83.3% (40/48). Conclusion Primary extranodal lymphomas exhibit varied histomorphological and clinical presentation. The present study is first such analysis from Punjab that intends to compare with studies from other parts of India.
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Saini, Shipra, Deepshikha Kamra, and Shavinder Singh. "Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding emergency contraception among married women in Ludhiana, Punjab, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 8 (July 23, 2018): 3506. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183089.
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Background: An unwanted and unintended pregnancy is a major concern in a women’s life as it has its adverse social and health outcomes. Emergency contraception (EC) is safe and effective method that gives women a second chance to prevent unwanted pregnancy after unprotected intercourse.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study done in field practice area under the department of Community Medicine, Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab. A total of 400 respondents were selected by stratified random sampling from the list of eligible couples residing in the area. The interview was conducted using semi structured questionnaire, after obtaining their informed consent.Results: The mean age of respondents was 31.44±5.67 years. 68.7% of respondents were using some kind of contraception. Majority (68%) of respondents had heard of emergency contraception and for majority (81.3%) source of information about EC was Media (TV). Out of 272 respondents who had heard of emergency contraception 146 (54.1%) had negative attitude towards emergency contraception and only 30 (8%) had used ECP. Practice of ECP was found to have statistically significant association with employment and history of unwanted pregnancy.Conclusions: EC has a potential to curb the menace of unintended pregnancy thereby decreasing unsafe abortion and maternal mortality. In spite of reasonable awareness of emergency contraception, as found in present study there is wide gap for its usage. Hence behavioural change strategies should be considered to bring attitudinal change on use of emergency contraception.
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Satija, Mahesh, Sarit Sharma, Anurag Chaudhary, Pushapindra Kaushal, and Sangeeta Girdhar. "Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices in a Rural Area of North India." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 6, no. 6 (May 12, 2015): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12067.
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Background: Infant and young child feeding practices directly affect the nutritional status of children under two years of age and, ultimately, impact child survival. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the WHO infant and child feeding indicators in a rural area of Ludhiana, Punjab, India. Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in fifteen villages of Ludhiana district under rural health training centre of Department of Community Medicine, Dayan and Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. The data was obtained from mothers/primary caregivers of 813 living children 0-23 months of age group and information about seven core and three optional WHO infant and young child feeding indicators was collected using WHO questionnaire. Prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval were calculated. A Χ2 test and Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% CI was calculated wherever required. Results: Only 56.7% of infants were put to breast within one hour of birth, while three fourths of infants younger than 6 months were exclusively breastfed. About seventy percent of children aged 12-15 months and 54.7% of children 20-23 months continued breastfeeding at 1 & 2 years respectively. Almost all the children born in the last 23 months were ever breastfed. Nearly ninety percent of infants 6-8 months of age were fed with complimentary foods at the recommended daily frequency. Conclusion: To improve breastfeeding practices, health education needs to be strengthened for target population having sub-optimal breastfeeding indicators. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i6.12067Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(6) 2015 60-65
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Munjal, Manish, Anurag Chowdhary, Harsimran Bhatti, Porshia Rishi, Nitika Tuli, Shubham Munjal, and Avantika Garg. "Clinicoepidemiological profile of ear, nose, throat patients in outpatient clinic of tertiary health care facility in Punjab." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 11 (October 26, 2020): 4522. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204755.
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Background: This study evaluated the profile of ailments in patients presenting to outpatient clinic of tertiary care hospital of North India that caters to ENT diseases in population of Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh and Jammu and Kashmir.Methods: A retrospective study was undertaken by analysing the medical records of patients managed at the department of otorhinolaryngology and head and neck surgery at the tertiary care hospital, Punjab from Jan 2018 to Dec 2018 and all essential data was collected.Results: Total no. of patients presenting to the ENT OPD during the period of assesment were 32,475. 49.30% were males and 50.70 % were females, respectively. 29.70% were children below 15 years. The number of patients presenting per month were 2706, with maximum no. of patients presenting in the month of August to November. Patients with ear diseases were 9280 (28.57%), Nose diseases were 11963 (36.83%), and throat diseases were 11232 (34.58%).Conclusions: This study showed that awareness of ENT ailments and visits for specialised treatment is on the rise rather than primary level treatment at local or general medicine or family physician level.
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Sharma, B. R., Dassari Harish, Vivek Sharma, and Krishan Vij. "Poisoning in Northern India: Changing Trends, Causes and Prevention Thereof." Medicine, Science and the Law 42, no. 3 (July 2002): 251–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002580240204200310.
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A twenty-one years retrospective study (1980–2000) of acute poisoning deaths carried out at the Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology at Government Medical College Hospital, Jammu and Govt. Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh — the two demographically different zones of Northern India. Union Territory of Chandigarh, which is the capital of Punjab and Haryana states, is one of the most developed parts of India, whereas Jammu primarily represents the rural India. The study is an attempt to analyze the various changing trends in acute poisoning in these zones with the aim that it will help immensely the health policy-makers to equip health care institutions accordingly. The present study reveals a steep increase in the number of acute poisoning cases and a change in the trends of the most commonly used poisons with the passage of time. Males outnumbered females and youth formed the majority of fatalities. The main victims were unemployed youth and students, followed by agricultural and domestic workers. Despite India's predominantly rural character, the urban preponderance of deaths by poisoning may reflect the role of leading a more stressful life in urban areas.
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Mahajan, Sanjeev, Arti Gupta, and Param Pal Singh Coonar. "Epidemiological study of road traffic accident cases admitted in government tertiary hospital: a study from Punjab, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 1 (December 21, 2016): 166. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20164731.
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Background: Among all types of injuries road traffic injuries constitute a major public health problem. They lead to not only deaths but many more cases of morbidity and disability. People from all economic groups are affected but poor are affected the worst because they suffer from double brunt of injuries and also the economic loss; sometimes pushing them below the poverty line. The present study was conducted to study the epidemiological variables involved in road traffic accidents.Methods: 500 road traffic accident victims admitted in emergency department of Rajindra Hospital, a tertiary institute; attached to Government Medical College, Patiala (Punjab) were studied from July 2002 to February 2003. In this descriptive study pretested proforma was used to know the various epidemiological factors related to road traffic accident victims. The demographic variables, category of road users, details of injured pedestrians and types of vehicles involved in road traffic accidents were studied.Results: The road traffic accident victims mainly include the young males, especially 21-30 years (31.4%), married (70.6%), and men (86.8%) mainly literate (66.6%), from rural areas of Punjab. Maximum accidents occurred during night time (8pm- 4am) and major involvement was of two wheelers (63.4%). Mainly drivers were affected in the road crashes (46.6%) followed by pedestrians (21.4%).Conclusions: young male drivers are affected the most, mainly involving two wheelers. There should be regular and continuous on-going traffic safety and awareness programs covering all the media especially directed towards education of drivers, pedestrians and young population; mainly focusing on the schools and colleges youth.
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Bither, Saurab, and Sumir Gandhi. "An audit of patients attending outpatient services of Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Christian Dental College, Ludhiana, Punjab, India." Journal of Education and Ethics in Dentistry 1, no. 1 (2011): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-7761.93407.
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Gupta, Kunal, S. B. Nayyar, Jasmine Sachdeva, and Prateek Kumar. "Cystatin C in the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy and its correlation with albuminuria." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20170020.
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Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) refers to a group of common metabolic disorders that share the phenotype of hyperglycaemia. The metabolic dysregulations associated with DM causes secondary pathophysiological changes in multiple organ systems which result in various complications, responsible for the morbidity and mortality associated with the disease.Methods: The present study was undertaken in the Department of Medicine in collaboration with the Department of Biochemistry, of SGRDIMSR, Vallah, Sri Amritsar, Punjab, India. The present hospital based study was undertaken with a total number of 100 patients.Results: The mean Cystatin C values in Group A were 1.73 and mean Cystatin C values in group B were 2.07. The results show that the Cystatin C values were raised even in the patients in whom clinical albuminuria had not yet started.Conclusions: serum Cystatin C may be considered as an early marker, than microalbuminuria and serum creatinine, the commonly used marker for nephropathy, for declining renal function, in diabetic subjects. Further studies in larger population are needed to confirm this result.
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Mahajan, Vineet, Himanshu Sareen, Surya Kant, Jyoti Bajpai, Apoorva Narain, Sandeep Soni, and B. K. Kapoor. "Prevalence of psychiatric co morbidities in bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients in North India population cohort." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 6, no. 6 (May 25, 2018): 2143. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20182303.
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Background: Psychiatric co morbidities tend to occur quite frequently in patients of chronic respiratory diseases mainly bronchial asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) but still it is highly under diagnosed. Aim and objective of the study was to find out the prevalence of psychiatric co morbidities in asthma and COPD and to correlate them with disease severity according to Global Initiative against Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) and Global Initiative against Asthma (GINA) guidelines.Methods: Study was conducted in Department of TB and Chest in association with Department of Psychiatry of Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, a secondary care medical college in north India. A total 204 patients, 68 of bronchial asthma, 68 0f COPD and 68 were controls included in the study. Diagnosis and severity of respiratory diseases was assessed by spirometry. Evaluation of psychiatric co morbidities was done using the MINI international neuropsychiatric interview questionnaire.Results: The frequency of psychiatric co morbidities in COPD patients was significantly higher (32.4%) compared to patients of bronchial asthma (20.6%). The most common co morbidity in both arms was generalized anxiety disorder (17.6% in COPD patients and 10.3% in patients of bronchial asthma.Conclusions: COPD patients have a higher frequency of psychiatric co morbidities compared to bronchial asthma patients and control population. These should be properly screened and treated.
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Singh, Lovepreet, Swati Mittal, Amandeep Kaur, Surinder Singh, Ravi K. Tiwary, and Harjinder Singh. "Hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus co-infection among outdoor patients and indoor patients of tertiary care institute, Bathinda, Punjab, India." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 3252. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20203672.
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Background: Hepatitis virus infections have many serious consequences like chronic hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cancer. Serological test is thus necessary to identify hepatitis virus in the body. An observational study was conducted with an objective to detect hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies by rapid card tests and to find the prevalence of co-infection with hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses from January 2019 to June 2019.Methods: Blood samples were received from patients irrespective of age and sex, constituted the material for the present study. All samples were tested on hepacard and tri-dot card for the detection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus and results were interpreted as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines.Results: Out of 3488 samples, 254 samples were positive for hepatitis virus infection. Out of these 254 samples positive for hepatitis viruses, 22 (0.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis B virus and 232 (6.6%) patients were positive for hepatitis C virus. Only 2 (0.7%) of these patients showed co-infection with both viruses.Conclusions: Male patients showed more positivity of hepatitis virus as compared to females. Patients were more from outpatient department (OPD) as compared to inpatient department (IPD). Hepatitis virus infection was found to be highest in the age group 21-40 and lowest in the age group above 80 years. Both the co-infected patients were males and from IPD.
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Malhotra, Preeti, Karuna Thapar, and Gurpreet Kaur. "Predictors of mortality among neonates transported to tertiary care centre." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 6, no. 3 (April 30, 2019): 1321. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20192036.
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Background: The neonatal transport in India has taken a giant leap in last years. For reducing the death among transported newborns, transport in well-equipped ambulance could play a vital role. As there is not much data available in Punjab on neonates being transported to tertiary care center so the present study was conducted to know the predictors of mortality in newborns transported to tertiary care center.Methods: The present study was an observational study conducted in neonatal intensive care unit of department of Pediatrics at SGRD institute of medical science and research, Amritsar, Punjab, India over a period of 18 months from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2018. Total 121 neonates were enrolled in the study. History and clinical examination were done at the time of admission and the various study variables were statistically analysed.Results: Out of total 121 neonates, 76 were discharged, 12 expired and 33 left against medical advice. Mortality rate was 9.9%. Mortality was higher in neonates who had hypothermia, hypoglycemia, poor perfusion and bradycardia at the time of admission. Neonates with extremely low birth weight (<1 kg) and those admitted after 6 hours of age also had higher mortality.Conclusions: Predictors of mortality were hypothermia, hypoglycaemia, poor perfusion and bradycardia at the time of admission. New-borns require special care for stabilization before and during transport, which can be achieved by using specially equipped neonatal ambulances. So, these neonatal ambulances should be started in all states to decrease the neonatal mortality rate.
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Ramana, Yamani Venkata, Vipul Nanda, Gautam Biswas, Ravi Chittoria, Shakuntala Ghosh, and Ramesh K. Sharma. "Audiological Profile in Older Children and Adolescents with Unrepaired Cleft Palate." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 42, no. 5 (September 2005): 570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/03-043.1.
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Objective To study the audiological profile in the cleft population comprising older children and adolescents with unrepaired cleft palate and to arrive at a consensus regarding management of otitis media with effusion in this unique group. Setting Tertiary care institute in Chandigarh, Punjab, India. Design Prospective study based on all patients older than 7 years with unrepaired cleft palate, attending the plastic surgery outpatient department, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, Punjab, India, from January 2001 to December 2002. Patients with submucous cleft were excluded from the study. General characteristics, otoscopic findings, pure tone audiometry, and impedence audiometry of all patients were recorded. Results Patients’ ages ranged from 8 to 18 years, with a mean of 10.5 years. Regarding otological complaints, 86.7% were asymptomatic. Otoscopic findings revealed mild retraction as the most common finding in 50% of the ears. Type B curve was the most common tympanometric finding. The highest and lowest hearing thresholds recorded were 45 db and 15 db, respectively, with a mean of 27.11 db. Conclusion The audiological profile of this unique group, which neither had undergone palatoplasty nor had received treatment for the ear condition, demonstrates a mild to moderate hearing impairment. This definitely requires treatment, but owing to the lack of a prospective control group, it is difficult to conclude whether these patients are benefited by conservative treatment alone or by an early aggressive surgical treatment for otitis media with effusion (OME).
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M., Shaju, and Subhashini Durai. "A study on the impact of Job Satisfaction on Job Performance of Employees working in Automobile Industry, Punjab, India." Journal of Management Research 9, no. 1 (February 3, 2017): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jmr.v9i1.10420.
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Performance evaluation is a major measure adopted by the organizations in evaluating the quantitative and qualitative contributions rendered by their employees. The competitive and employee oriented business world has now joined hands with the HR department in assisting and managing employee performance. Psycho-social factors of employees would be considered at various managerial levels for enhancing employees’ job performance. Job satisfaction is such a psychological attribute, whose contribution to the concept of employee performance is much more. A satisfied employee would have an emotional bond with the organization and takes pride in their membership, which paves way to keep up industrial integrity and a high morale. This is an exploratory research, attempting to discover how the dimensions of job satisfaction are significantly related to the job performance of an employee. The data were collected from employees working in Automobile industry, Punjab having experience of above or below 10 years, so as to ensure relatively accurate responses on performance evaluation at different groups of employees in the Automobile industry. The result shows the existence of a positive correlation between the dimensions of job satisfaction and performance of employees at both supervisors and workers levels working in the Automobile industry.
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Pal, Davinder, Nisha Bhagat, and Ritu Arora. "Risk factors and outcome of placenta previa: accrete in a tertiary health care center of Punjab, India." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 2 (January 25, 2019): 658. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20190301.
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Background: The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate risk factors associated with placenta accrete (PA) and its clinical outcome.Methods: A descriptive, case control study was conducted in department of obstetrics and gynecology, GMC Amritsar in which authors retrospectively reviewed data of 180 patients of placenta previa (PP) over 5 years, categorized as PA (cases; n=23) or no PA (control; n=157). Furthermore, these groups were compared as to maternal demographics, intrapartum and postpartum complications and neonatal outcomes. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate the extent to which exposure variable contributed to the incidence of PA including advanced maternal age (AMA), parity, location of placenta and previous caesarian section (CS). Primary aim was to identify and quantify the various risk factors of PA and secondary aim measured incidences of PP, PA and fetomaternal outcome.Results: The cumulative incidence of PA over 5 years was 2.98 per 1000 deliveries. Accrete rate increased with number of CSs at 4.76% in patients with no previous CS versus 45.94% in ≥1 CS (p < 0.003). Anterior PP (AOR 10.128 CI 2.406 -42.632; p <0.001) and number of previous CSs (AOR 36.405, 95% CI 2.743 -483.24, p =0.006) were significant risk factors for PA. AMA (OR >30 years: 4.326 95% CI 0.724 -25.856; p =0.108), parity (AOR 1 vs 0: 2.526 95% CI 0.242-26.41; p=0.439), prior uterine curettage (AOR ≥1 vs 0: 11.143 95% CI 0.522-9.726; p=0.278) although had association with PA but was not statistical significant. Caesarian hysterectomy was done in 95.65% patients of PA while only 1 patient of PP required hysterectomy (p<0.001). Neonatal outcome was similar in both groups.Conclusions: Prior caesarian and anterior PP emerged out as significant predictors of PA. Other risk factors like AMA, multiparous, history of prior uterine curettage, central PP have incremental risk of having PA and such patients should be managed diligently to lower feto-maternal morbidities and mortalities.
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Devi, Thingnam Subadani, Ravinder Kaur, Anjali Thakran, Bharti Gudwalia, Manisha Kumari, Ishwar Singh Gurjar, Sukhpal Kaur, Amarjeet Singh, and Manisha Nagi. "Awareness and utilization of various schemes launched by government of India for the welfare of senior citizens." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, no. 4 (March 25, 2021): 1809. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20211239.
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Background: Government of India has provided various welfare services to support the elderly population, but awareness and utilization of these services is questionable. Objectives of the study were to assess the awareness and the extent of utilization of various schemes by the senior citizens.Methods: Using systematic random sampling technique, 420 senior citizens visiting out patient department of a tertiary care centre were enrolled in the study. Information was obtained regarding the sociodemographic profile and the awareness and utilization of various welfare services by the participants. Four adjoining states (Punjab, Haryana, Chandigarh and Himachal Pradesh) were purposely included in the study.Results: The mean age of the participants was 67.84±5.91. Maximum awareness was observed for old age pension scheme in all the four states. A gap was observed in the awareness and utilization of various senior citizens schemes. There was significant difference in awareness and utilization of most of the schemes amongst all the four states.Conclusions: There is a need to generate awareness regarding various schemes for the senior citizens among the general public of India in the Northern Region as a lot of gap was observed in the awareness and utilization of these services.
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Patidar, Anurag Bhai, Harpreet Kaur, and Rajesh Kumar. "Self Care of Heart Failure and Health Related Quality of Life among Congestive Heart Failure Patients in Punjab, India." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 4 (April 5, 2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20210409.
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Introduction and Background: Congestive heart failure is the inability of heart to pump sufficient blood to meet the needs of tissues for oxygen and nutrients. Appropriate self-care is associated with prevention or early detection of health problem and better overall health related quality of life in patients with chronic illness such as heart failure. Aims and Objectives: To assess and ascertain correlation between self care of heart failure and health related quality of life among congestive heart failure patients. Materials and Methods: A correlational study was conducted to assess and ascertain the correlation between self-care of heart failure and health related quality of life among congestive heart failure patients. Data was collected from 100 heart failure patients seeking treatment at Outpatient Department of Cardiology in Hero DMC Heart Institute, Ludhiana. Convenience sampling technique was used to recruit subjects. “Self care of heart failure index” was used to assess self care of heart failure and “Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire” was used to assess the health related quality of life. Data was collected by structured interview method and analysed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Maximum of the heart failure patients (84%) had good self-care confidence, more than half (52%) had good self care management and one third (33%) patients had average self care maintenance. Half of the subjects had excellent quality of life, followed by 34% had good quality of life. Weak positive correlation was found between self care of heart failure and health related quality of life. There was no statistically significant association found between selected socio-demographic variables and self-care of heart failure. Conclusion: There was good self-care confidence, management and average self care maintenance but overall patients had excellent health related quality of life. Key words: Self-care, Health related quality of life, Congestive heart failure.
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Malhotra, Preeti, Supriya Malik, and Navneet Virk. "Prospective study to assess knowledge, attitude and breast-feeding practices of post-natal mothers in Punjab, India." International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics 5, no. 1 (December 21, 2017): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20175575.
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Background: According to World Health Organization WHO (2009), ‘Exclusive breastfeeding means that an infant receives only breast milk from his or her mother, or expressed breast milk and no other liquids or solids, not even water, with exception of oral rehydration solutions, drops consisting of vitamins, minerals supplements or medicines if required’. In India, breastfeeding appears to be influenced by social, cultural and economic factors. In 1991, Breastfeeding Promotion Network of India (BPNI) was formed to protect, promote and support breastfeeding. Further, the government of India has undertaken National Rural Health Mission, which intends to implement Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) through the existing healthcare delivery system. Poor practices and attitudes towards breastfeeding have been reported as major reason for poor health outcomes in developing nations.Methods:Present study is a prospective study carried out among postnatal mothers, attending OPD’s and immunization clinic, Department of Paediatrics at Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar from February 2016 till March 2017 over period of 13 months. Total of 1000 mothers were included who met with the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria of study were mother of healthy baby (baby weight more than 2.5 kgs), baby without any congenital defect and baby born between 37 to 42 weeks of gestation.Results: The sample of the present study comprised of postpartum mothers (N=1000), among whom 35% (n=350) belonged to 22-25-year age group and only 12.8% (128) were above age group of 31 years. Among total 1000 subjects 28% (n=28) were illiterate. 65.3% (n=653) of the mother were living in the joint family in contrast to 34.5% were having nuclear family. Among total subjects (n=1000) 18.2% were working mothers and rest 81.8% were housewives. 76.4% belonged to rural area and 23.6% to urban area. 60.4% were primigravida and 39.6% were multigravida. Among total subjects 56% delivered normally and 44% by LSCS. In present study, majority of the mothers had prior knowledge regarding importance of colostrum, the first breast milk to baby, i.e 71.8% where as 28.2% were not aware of it. 82% mothers in current study had knowledge about importance of breastfeeding while rest 18 said breastfeeding was not important.Conclusions: The present study concludes that mothers have an average knowledge about breastfeeding and poor breastfeeding practices were followed, thus, it is important to educate mother and families regarding breastfeeding and its importance, we need to strengthen public health education system to promote breastfeeding. Further focus on various factors which play important role in promotion and practices of early initiation and exclusive breastfeeding can lead to successful implementation of policies and programmes and in turn help in raising and nurturing a healthy child, a healthy youth for the nation.
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Kumar, Sumir, Bharat Bhushan Mahajan, Sandeep Kaur, Ashish Yadav, Navtej Singh, and Amarbir Singh. "A Study of Basal Cell Carcinoma in South Asians for Risk Factor and Clinicopathological Characterization: A Hospital Based Study." Journal of Skin Cancer 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/173582.
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Objectives. Although the incidence of skin cancers in India (part of South Asia) is low, the absolute number of cases may be significant due to large population. The existing literature on BCC in India is scant. So, this study was done focusing on its epidemiology, risk factors, and clinicopathological aspects.Methods. A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in Punjab, North India, from 2011 to 2013. History, examination and histopathological confirmation were done in all the patients visiting skin department with suspected lesions.Results. Out of 36 confirmed cases, 63.9% were females with mean ± SD age being60.9±14.2years. Mean duration of disease was 4.7 years. Though there was statistically significant higher sun exposure in males compared to females (Pvalue being 0.000), BCC was commoner in females, explainable by intermittent sun exposure (during household work in the open kitchens) in women. Majority of patients (88.9%) had a single lesion. Head and neck region was involved in 97.2% of cases, with nose being the commonest site (50%) with nodular/noduloulcerative morphology in 77.8% of cases. Pigmentation was evident in 22.2% of cases clinically. Nodular variety was the commonest histopathological variant (77.8%).Conclusions. This study highlights a paradoxically increasing trend of BCC with female preponderance, preferential involvement of nose, and higher percentage of pigmentation in Indians.
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Kaur, Manmeet, Abu Bashar, Tarundeep Singh, and Rajesh Kumar. "Cross-Sectional Study of Clients’ Satisfaction With Outpatient and Inpatient Services of Public Health Facilities of a North Indian State." Health Services Insights 13 (January 2020): 117863292092996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178632920929969.
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Satisfaction with health care services is a desired outcome of health care delivery. Nonetheless, there is scant information on client satisfaction with services provided in public health facilities in India. A cross-sectional study of persons attending public health facilities in Punjab, North India, was carried out in 2016. All district hospitals, subdistrict hospitals, 2 community health centres (CHCs), and 6 primary health centres (PHCs) were randomly selected from each of the 22 districts. A 60-item pre-tested and validated questionnaire was used to collect data. Participants (3278 outpatient department [OPD] and 1614 inpatient department [IPD]) visiting health care facilities were interviewed. Majority of OPD participants were satisfied with registration process, care providers, and personal issues like safety and security at the health facilities. Major domains of dissatisfaction were long waiting time and concern shown for patients during lab tests and x-rays. Most IPD participants were satisfied with care received from nurses and doctors, availability of medicines, and hospital environment. Domains of dissatisfaction were cleanliness of rooms and bathrooms and quietness at night. Varying levels of satisfaction were observed for experiences during stay, information about new medicine being given, pain control, and locomotion to bathroom or using bedpan. Around 71% were likely to recommend the health facility to others. Satisfaction with public health facilities is context dependent. Lack of drugs and supplies, poor information about medicines, long waiting time, poor cleanliness, lack of privacy, and peace were the major reasons for dissatisfaction in our study.
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Sharma, Shikha, and Anoop Kumar. "Evaluation of the Drug Utilization Pattern of Pre and Post Operative Medicines used in Surgical Department: A Prospective Observational Study." Current Drug Therapy 15, no. 4 (November 30, 2020): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574885515666200106111129.
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Background: Surgery is the art of treating lesions and malformations of the human body which involves various surgical techniques. Various classes of drugs are being used in the surgery but unfortunately, the drug utilization pattern of these drugs particularly in developing countries like India is still unsatisfactory. Thus, there is a need to conduct drug utilization studies of various medicines used in the surgical department. Objective: The main objective of the current study is to evaluate the drug utilization pattern of pre and post- operative medicines used in surgery to promote the rational use of medicines. Material and Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out over a period of 6 months (November 2017 to April 2018) from in Global Hospital, Jalandhar, Punjab, India. A consent form has been designed and filled by the patients after explaining the aims and objectives of the study. The case record form (CRF) has been designed to collect all the relevant information from the surgery patients. Results: A total of 271 cases have been reported and evaluated. 58.0% of patients were female and 42.0% of patients were male. The most common surgery was nailing, plating and knee replacement. In pre and post-operative procedures, the most common medicines prescribed were a combination of antimicrobials and antacids followed by anti-emetics, analgesics. Conclusion: The prescribed medicines were less from the National Essential Medical List (EML) which should be increase in future.
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Kaur, Harpreet, Kanwal Preet K. Gill, Priyanka Devgun, Harpreet Kaur, and Amanpreet Kaur. "Assessment of knowledge of AWWs regarding growth monitoring and impact of training on their knowledge in Amritsar district of Punjab, India." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 5, no. 9 (August 24, 2018): 4072. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20183597.
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Background: Present study was planned to assess the existing knowledge and awareness among AWWs about growth monitoring and nutritional status of children and also to evaluate the impact of training on their knowledge.Methods: The study was carried out in the department of community medicine, SGRDIMSAR, Amritsar. A sample of 405 AWWs was selected by using simple random sampling technique. The data was collected by administering a predesigned and pretested Performa to the AWWs before and after each training session. Pre-test and post-test assessment was done to assess the existing knowledge of AWWs and also to evaluate impact of training on their knowledge regarding growth monitoring and nutritional status of children. The data collected was analyzed using SPSS 20.0 version.Results: The study revealed that majority (72.1%) of the workers fell into the category of poor knowledge and only 4.2% had good knowledge regarding growth monitoring and nutritional status of children before the training session. Age, educational status and work experience of AWWs were found to be significantly associated with their pre-test knowledge. There was statistically significant improvement in the knowledge of AWWs after training. Also, association between education level and post-test knowledge of AWWs was found to be significant.Conclusions: Regular in-service training or refresher training programmes should be organized for AWWs to enhance their knowledge regarding different aspects of ICDS especially growth monitoring and nutritional status.
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BELLENOIT, HAYDEN J. A. "Missionary Education, Religion and Knowledge in India, c.1880–1915." Modern Asian Studies 41, no. 2 (January 18, 2007): 369–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x05002143.
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Christian missionaries were some of the most influential actors in colonial India. Yet they only began working recently in relation to larger British influence in the subcontinent. Originally banned from the territories of the East India Company for fears of upsetting Indian religious sensibilities, they were allowed to operate after 1843 in parallel with a rising Utilitarian and evangelist fervour in Britain and within particular Company circles; the latter often blurred the distinctions between ‘moral improvement’, civilisation and Christianity. Missionaries were influential in the debate over sati and the subsequent outlaw of its practice. Protestant encounters with Hinduism and Islam were defined by the rhetoric of ‘heathen’ and ‘unbelievers’, as missionaries derided the ‘idolatry’ of Hinduism and ‘bigotry’ of Islam. Some of the first mission schools established were in the Bombay Presidency, Bengal and the Punjab. During this period missionaries ascribed utility to the corpus of western scholarship as an ally against Indian religions. They hoped to ‘prove’ their falsehoods. The primary way to do this was through western education, arguing that western scholarship was saturated with Christian morals and that such ethoses would transform Indians accordingly. This was a period when the symmetry between Christianity and western scholarship was championed by missionaries such as John Murdoch and Alexander Duff. After the Indian Mutiny (1857–8), missionaries were held in check (at least officially) by the colonial state as a means of avoiding upsetting Indian religious sensibilities. Yet, ironically, in northern India missionaries came to be relied upon by a cash-strapped Education Department. They came to dominate education and were credited with doing much to push the frontiers of western pedagogy in their efforts to propagate their faith.
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Vikramaditya, Bibhava, Mahesh Satija, Anurag Chaudhary, Sarit Sharma, Sangeeta Girdhar, and Priya Bansal. "A community based cross sectional study to estimate total cardiovascular risk in rural Punjab." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 4 (March 28, 2017): 1295. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20171365.
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Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are leading cause of non communicable deaths in India. CVD risk prediction charts by World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension (WHO/ISH) are designed for implementing timely preventive measures. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of CVD risk parameters and to estimate total CVD risk among adults aged ≥40 years, using the WHO/ISH risk charts alone and also to assess the effect of the inclusion of additional criteria on CVD risk.Methods: A community based cross sectional study was conducted in fifteen villages of Ludhiana district under rural health training centre of Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. Desired information was obtained using WHO STEPS survey (STEP wise approach to surveillance) from 324 adults aged ≥40 years. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory measurements were also performed. WHO/ISH risk prediction chart for South East Asian region (SEAR-D) was used to assess the cardiovascular risk among the subjects.Results: WHO/ISH risk prediction charts identified 16.0% of the subjects with high risk (≥20%) of developing a cardiovascular event. The study population showed higher prevalence of physical inactivity, obesity, abdominal obesity, hypertension and diabetes. Amongst high risk CVD group, maximum prevalence was of hypertension and high perceived stress level. However, the proportion of high CVD risk (≥20%) increased to 33.6% when subjects with blood pressure ≥160/100 mmHg and /or on hypertension medication were added as high risk.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of this community is at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.
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Jindal, Amita, Raj Kumar, Nagma Bansal, and Kamalpreet Kaur. "A survey on the knowledge and perception of computer assisted learning among undergraduate medical students in a tertiary care teaching institute of North India." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 7, no. 5 (April 23, 2018): 917. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20181635.
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Background: Computer assisted learning (CAL) in the classroom as well as laboratory in the medical profession has been rising in the present scenario worldwide. CAL can replace laboratory based animal experiments to a large extent and prevent the unnecessary harm or killing of animals. In India, only few studies have been conducted on CAL till date. Aims and objective of the study was to evaluate the knowledge and perception on CAL among undergraduate medical students.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out on the medical students (MBBS-Second Professional) in the department of pharmacology at Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot, Punjab, India. Feedback was obtained from 105 students who had already performed animal experiments in CAL laboratory.Results: It was seen that Computer simulated models (CSMs) are useful for undergraduate teaching (by 98.1%), CAL enrich learning experience about drug effects (by 97.1%), CSMs in CAL is user friendly (by 97.1%) and use of CSMs in teaching is ethical (by 97.1%).Conclusions: CAL is an innovative teaching and learning technique for the medical students. This is an effective mode of teaching pharmacology to the students and it also helps the students to apply their theoretical knowledge of drugs to the practical aspects (without use of animal) on computer simulated models.
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Thind, Sushobitbir Singh, Harmander Pal Singh, and Sukhdev Singh. "(322) The Effect of Plant Growth Regulators and Time of Plantings on Stem Cuttings of Peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab." HortScience 40, no. 4 (July 2005): 1038B—1038. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.40.4.1038b.
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Peach [Prunus persica Batsch. (L.)] is a major fruit of northern India, which is commercially propagated through stem cuttings. There is a scarcity of information available on the effect of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and time of plantings on rooting of peach stem cuttings. Studies were conducted to learn the effects of various PGRs and planting times on stem cuttings of peach cv. Shan-i-Punjab at the fruit nursery of the Horticulture Department, Khalsa College, Amritsar, India, in 2001 and 2002. The study on stem cuttings, taken from the middle portion of the shoot, compared three PGRs: indolebutyric acid (IBA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), and naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), each at concentrations of 50, 100, and 200 mg·L-1 and two planting dates (20 Dec. and 20 Jan.). Cuttings were treated for 24 hours before keeping under moist sand for 1 month for callusing. Callused cuttings were planted in the field. Measurements on sprouting percentage, survival percentage, plant height, shoot diameter, number of leaves per plant, leaf size, average root length, and root weight per cutting were recorded. The study showed that, overall, auxins had significant effect on the success and rooting character of peach plants over the control. The greatest sprouting and survival percentage, plant height, leaf area, and shoot diameter was exhibited by IBA followed by IAA and NAA. IBA at 100 ppm proved to be the most suitable PGR for improving success along with other rooting and vegetative characters of the plant. The cuttings planted on 20 Dec. gave a higher percentage of success (55.32%) over those planted on 20 Jan. (33.04 %), during both years of study. The other plant characteristics, such as average root length, plant height, leaf area, and plant height, of cuttings planted on 20 Dec. also showed greater success during both years.
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Babaria, Sneha Samir, Puja Bhavesh Jarwani, Sadhana Lalit Kothari, and Shantibhai Patel. "Role of cation-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography in detection of hemoglobinopathies- a study of 500 cases in a tertiary care hospital." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 11, no. 1 (March 20, 2021): 1803–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v10i2.29511.
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Background: Abnormalities of hemoglobin synthesis are among the most common inherited disorders. Cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography offers a reliable tool for early, accurate detection thereby aiding in the prevention and management of thalassemia major and various hemoglobinopathies.
Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study carried out in the Department of Pathology, GCSMC Hospital and Research center, Ahmedabad over six years from August 2013 to August 2019. 500 cases were studied for the identification of various hemoglobin disorders in patients referred for screening and detection of hemoglobinopathies.Results: Abnormal hemoglobin fractions were seen in 104/500 (20.8%) cases. The β thalassemia trait was the predominant abnormality with a total of 69 cases (66.3%). β thalassemia major, β thalassemia intermedia, Hb D Punjab- β thalassemia, Acquired Hb F and Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin/δβ thalassemia trait was found in 1 case (0.96%) each. Sickle cell heterozygous was found in 9 cases (8.6%), Sickle cell homozygous in 5 cases (4.8%), and Sickle-ß thalassemia in 6 cases (5.8%). Other variants detected included Hb Q India heterozygous and Hb D Punjab heterozygous in 3 cases (2.9%) each and 2 cases (1.9%) of Hb E heterozygous and Hb J each.
Conclusions: Cation exchange high-performance liquid chromatography is an ideal and widely used methodology for routine clinical laboratory because of the simplicity of the automated system. The majority of the abnormal cases are diagnosed with it except a few inconclusive cases for which molecular and genetic studies are required.
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Kaushal, Pushapindra, Anurag Chaudhary, Sangeeta Girdhar, Priya Bansal, Sarit Sharma, and Mahesh Satija. "Prevalence and risk factors of under nutrition among under three children in an urban community in Ludhiana city." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 1 (December 24, 2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20185076.
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Background: Under nutrition is important cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. In India burden of underweight children in under 5 years of age is still 35.7% (NFHS-4) and is 22% in Punjab which is still considered to be a major public health problem. Thus this study was planned to find prevalence and risk factors of under nutrition in under 3 children in urban Ludhiana.Methods: It is community based cross-sectional study conducted in under 3 year children in field practice area of Urban Health Centre under Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana. Minimum sample size of 368 was calculated. Data was collected from routine surveillance by ANMs in their visits to area. Under nutrition was taken as weight for age as per standard growth chart used in India (WHO based). Statistical analysis: Microsoft Excel, Chi square test, SPSS.Results: Out of 387 children, 82 (21.2%) were underweight [17 (4.4%) severely and 65 (16.8%) moderately underweight]. Increasing age, partial immunization, low birth weight and high birth order were significantly associated, while gender, type of family, SES, mother’s BMI & literacy and exclusive breast feeding were not significantly associated with prevalence of underweight.Conclusions: Increasing age, partial immunization, low birth weight and high birth order were all significantly associated with underweight. Maternal and child health services need to be strengthened.
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Sharma, Sonali Kaur, Madhu Nagpal, and CL Thukral. "Evaluation of pre induction scoring by clinical examination vs transvaginal sonography." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 1 (December 20, 2016): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20164664.
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Background: The aim of the study was to find out pre-induction cervical length by TV Sonography, determine Bishops score and to co-relate the obstetric outcome with these two variables.Methods: A study was done on 100 women with singleton pregnancies at 37-42 weeks of gestation, admitted for induction of labour in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology at SGRDIMSR, Vallah, Amritsar, Punjab, India. All women underwent cervical assessment by both transvaginal ultrasound and Bishop Score and the outcome of labour induction was determined.Results: Of the 100 women, 53 women had vaginal delivery and 47 landed into LSCS. Bishop score < 6 and cervical length > 3 cm are cut off values of cervical unfavourablity. Successful induction was achieved among 87.5% and 78% women with favorable cervix according to Bishop Score and Cervical length respectively .Among the 92 and 50 women with unfavourable cervix according to Bishop score and cervical length, 48 (52.17%) and 14 (28%) had vaginal delivery respectively.Conclusions: Hence, cervical length by transvaginal ultrasound is a better predictor for the success of induction of labour as compared with assessment by Bishop Score alone.
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Chahal, Ravneet Kaur, S. K. Dhillon, S. S. Kandhola, Gurpreet Kaur, Vineeta Kaila, and Vikrant Tyagi. "Magnitude and Nature of Gene Effects Controlling Oil Content and Quality Components in Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)." Helia 42, no. 70 (July 26, 2019): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/helia-2018-0006.
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AbstractThe present research aimed to study gene effects for oil content and fatty acid composition in sunflower. It involved a set of 92 hybrids developed by crossing four CMS lines with 23 perfect restorers. Experiment was conducted at experimental field area of Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. The data was recorded on oil content and quality traits. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the traits studied. Among the lines; CMS 42A was observed to have higher significant positive gca effects for oil content, linoleic acid & linolenic acid and higher significant negative gca effects for palmitic acid and stearic acid, whereas, for oleic acid line, CMS 40A had higher positive gca effects. Among the testers, TSG 275 had higher significant positive gca effects for linolenic acid and significant negative gca effects for stearic acid. High positive gca effects for oleic acid and oil content were observed for TSG 331. The tester OPH 91 was good combiner with high positive gca effects for oleic acid and negative gca effects for palmitic acid, whereas, tester TSG 288 exhibited highest positive gca effects for linoleic acid. The best cross combinations; CMS 40A×TSG 259, CMS 607A×TSG 271 and CMS 40A×OPH 73 showed significant specific combining ability effects for oil content and cross CMS 40A×TSG 289 had significant specific combining ability for oleic acid and linoleic acid. The cross combination CMS 40A×TSG 259 is giving a significant jump of over 12 % against the current commercial check for oil percentage and for other quality traits more than 50 % over the standard check, which is significant for undertaking improvement of hybrid for oil quality.
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Munjal, Manish, Japneet Kaur, Porshia Rishi, Nitika Tuli, Harjinder Sidhu, Shubham Munjal, and Japsimran Singh Nagpal. "Seasonal trends in oto-rhino-laryngology outpatient clinics in the North Indian state of Punjab: a 3 year pilot study." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 7, no. 10 (September 25, 2020): 3907. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20204352.
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Background: Otorhinolaryngological disorders are amongst the common reason for seeking medical advice in health care setup. This study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital and medical college in North India. The monthly records of 93438 patients were analysed over a period of 3 years from January 2016 to December 2019. All monthly outpatient visits for ear nose throat (ENT) ailments, in the state with extremes of weather were recorded. No such epidemiological data about the attendance rates of patients to outpatient department (OPD) with respect to changing seasonal patterns is available. The aim of this study was to identify the various trends in the attendance pattern of ENT outpatient clinics with respect to the changes in the seasons.Methods: The monthly record of 93438 patients attending the general and speciality outpatient clinics of Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana were studied. The study period was from January 2017 to December 2019).Results: A total of 93438 patients attended ENT OPD in three years from 2017 to 2019. Male: female ratio as 1.22:190. 1 percent of the patients belonged to 3rd and 4th decade of life , 9.9 percent of the patients were children. Patients from rural background comprised (63.1%) of the total number of patients The summer months of July, September have shown the maximum attendance during the year. The winter months of February and December have shown minimum attendance.Conclusions: Maximum patient visits were recorded in the month of July and minimum during the winter months of November to February.
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Goyal, Amit, Amanpreet Kaur, and N. C. Kajal. "Diagnostic value of pleural fluid adenosine deaminase level in patients of tubercular pleural effusion." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 8, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20205479.
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Background: The diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a challenge in clinical practice. Traditional diagnostic methods are very useful but don't provide enough sensitivity and specificity. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) has been developed and widely used for the diagnosis of TB. This article reviews the characteristics, metabolism and clinical uses of ADA for the diagnosis of TB in clinical practices.Methods: This study was carried out in the department of chest and TB, GMC, Amritsar, Punjab, India. In this study total 50 who attended outpatient department (OPD) and indoor patients of adult age and either sex were taken. Patients with pleural effusion as determined by clinical and or radiological means, thoracocentesis on who yield a minimum amount of fluid enough to carry out routine test were included in the study.Results: Most of the patients were between the age group of 15-34 years, of those 72% were males and 28% female. Most of the patients of tuberculous effusion were from younger age group between 25-34 years. Most common symptom was breathlessness (90%) followed by fever (75%), cough (75%) then chest pain (72%). The diagnosis of TB was made in 40 patients (80%), while in 10 patients (20%) TB were excluded (malignancy and miscellaneous disease) based on history, clinical and laboratory findings. Sensitivity of ADA in diagnosing TB pleural effusion was 95% and specificity 80%.Conclusions: ADA level of the pleural fluid is a non-invasive test. Pleural fluid ADA is useful in early diagnosing of tuberculosis pleural effusion. So the analysis of ADA levels can be done simply, quickly and cheaply.
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McKay, Fiona H., Preethi John, Alice Sims, Gaganjot Kaur, and Jyotsna Kaushal. "Documenting the Food Insecurity Experiences and Nutritional Status of Women in India: Study Protocol." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (May 26, 2020): 3769. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113769.
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Background: Despite significant growth and change in India over the past two decades, some public health indicators have failed to keep pace. One such indicator is food insecurity. India is home to the largest number of people experiencing hunger and food insecurity. Food security is described as “a situation that exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”. While there has been considerable research investigating the role of crop yields, policy interventions, and food production in alleviating food insecurity in India, there is insufficient research investigating the social and cultural influences of food insecurity, including the role of women. The primary aim of this research is to investigate the experience of food insecurity among women in India. The objectives of this research are (1) to determine the role of women in food production and its contribution to household food security; (2) to examine the gender roles within households and the decision-making processes that influence food security, and (3) to investigate household nutritional status and food insecurity experience. Methods: Participants will include women who live in a village in Punjab, India. Interviews with 100 households, drawn from a convenience sample will be conducted. Interviews will be conducted in Punjabi with simultaneous English translation, and will include: food related experiences, anthropometric measurements (weight, height, waist, and hip) and dietary assessment (24-h diet recall, two non-consecutive days), dwelling facilities, agriculture related information, including household agriculture activities undertaken, food security status (via the United States Department of Agriculture Household Food Security Scale Measurement), and demographic information. Discussion: This study aims to investigate a range of determinants of food insecurity among a rural population. It will allow for the identification of some of the components of household food insecurity among women in India and will go part of the way to understanding how and why India continues to experience food and nutritional insecurity despite growth and progress in a range of other indicators.
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Bhardwaj, Garima, Amritpal Kaur, and Permeet Kaur Bagga. "Epidemiology of pre invasive and invasive lesions of the cervix at tertiary health centre in Punjab." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, no. 4 (March 24, 2021): 1393. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20210963.
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Background: Cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women globally, next to breast, colorectal and lung cancer and it is also the fourth most common cause of cancer death in women. According to the Indian council of medical research (ICMR), in India one woman dies of cervical cancer every 9 minutes. This study used PAP smear and histopathology to find out about the epidemiology of pre invasive and invasive lesions of the cervix at tertiary health centre in Punjab and their correlation with various social and demographic features.Methods: This prospective clinical study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Amritsar Medical College from May 2018 to April 2020, after taking approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee. The study selected 500 women randomly among the patients attending the Gynaecology OPD who met the inclusion criteria. Detailed history and PAP smear was taken at first visit followed by cervical biopsy amongst women with abnormal cytology report or with frank lesions of cervix.Results: Out of 500 women included in the study, majority of women (82.5%) were Negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM), 4% women had Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), 6.1% had low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) and 16 (3.2%) had High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). Amongst the histopathology reporting 15.62% patients had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 (CIN I), 6.25% patients had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II (CIN II), 3.12% patients had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia III (CIN III), 6.3% patients had squamous cell carcinoma and 3.1% patient had adenocarcinoma of cervix. Age, low level of education, poor socioeconomic status, early marriage and multiparity are the risk factors found to be associated with pre invasive and invasive lesions of the cervix. (p<0.001).Conclusions: Though infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) is essential for the development of the disease, there are other high-risk factors like age, poor education, low socioeconomic status, early age at marriage and high parity which are significantly associated with the occurrence of the disease. Therefore, our primary and secondary preventive measures must include the women who come under these high-risk categories.
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Kaur, Manpreet, Tejinder Singh Bhasin, Mridu Manjari, Rahul Mannan, Sonam Sharma, and Gurupriya Anand. "Correlation between histopathological and endoscopic findings of non-malignant gastrointestinal lesions: an experience of a tertiary care teaching hospital from Northern India." Journal of Pathology of Nepal 8, no. 1 (April 3, 2018): 1289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpn.v8i1.19456.
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Background: Gastrointestinal tract endoscopy along with biopsy is an established procedure for investigating a wide range of gastrointestinal conditions especially inflammatory and malignant diseases. The aim was to study and categorizing the morphological lesions of non-malignant origin at various sites of gastrointestinal tract and to compare with its endoscopic findings.Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 280 benign GI biopsies received in the Department of Pathology of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Amritsar, Punjab, India.Results: Maximum cases (39%) were observed in the age group of 41-60 years. Male patients outnumbered the females (male to female ratio was 1.4:1). There were total 33 esophageal biopsies amongst which the most common lesion was non-specific esophagitis with least common being Barrett’s esophagus. Correlating the results of endoscopic and histopathological features of acute and chronic gastritis a positive predictive value of 80% with sensitivity of 44.4% was seen. Total 83 duodenal biopsies were analyzed with non-specific duodenitis being the most commonly diagnosed lesion followed by celiac disease. Correlation of endoscopic and histopathological findings in celiac disease revealed a sensitivity of 50% and positive predictive value of 42.86%. In both sigmoid colon and rectum, non-specific colitis was the commonest diagnosis followed by ulcerative colitis. Endoscopic findings were correlated with the histopathological features in ulcerative colitis, revealing a sensitivity of 57.14% along with the positive predictive value of 80%. Conclusion: Histopathology remains the gold standard for diagnosing a case along with endoscopic findings and endoscopic findings alone cannot make the final diagnosis.
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Singh, Sumeet, Harpreet Singh, and Tarsem Pal Singh. "Micro-albuminuria in non-diabetic acute ischaemic stroke: prevalence and its co-relation with stroke severity." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (February 20, 2017): 982. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170647.
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Background: Microalbuminuria is not only a predictor of subsequent kidney disease, but also an indicator of generalised endothelial injury and a manifestation of endothelial dysfunction. The present study is aimed to determine the prevalence of microalbuminuria among non–diabetic ischaemic stroke patients and find its correlation with ischaemic stroke which eventually will aid us in coming up with potent strategies to provide better prevention and cure.Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Medicine in collaboration with Department of Biochemistry and Department of Radiology, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar, Punjab, India after taking approval from institutional thesis and ethical committee. The study included 60 patients (30 Cases + 30 Controls) in age group 20-80 years diagnosed as stroke and haemorrhage ruled out by NCCT Brain/MRI Brain at admission. Cases were patients with history of hypertension with acute ischaemic stroke. Controls were age and sex matched patients with no history of hypertension with acute ischaemic stroke. The microalbuminuria was assayed by immunoturbimetry. The stroke severity was assessed by NIH Stroke Severity scale. P value less than 0.05 was considered the level of significance.Results: The overall prevalence of microalbuminuria in acute ischaemic stroke patients was 41.67%. When comparing NIH SS (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale) score with the levels of albumin in urine, there was a significant positive correlation with urinary albumin levels and stroke severity in the patients having urinary albumin levels in microalbuminuria range both in Case group and Control group with P value less than 0.05.Conclusions: Urine albumin excretion had a positive correlation with the NIH SS Score of the patient in acute ischemic stroke. Those with a higher NIH SS Score had a higher rate of urine albumin excretion and vice versa. Therefore, measurement of microalbuminuria may help to assess those who are at increased risk of severe stroke and may require a more aggressive management.
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Singare, Pravin U., M. V. A. Ansari, and N. N. Dixit. "Water Pollution along the Mahul Creek of Mumbai, India - Study of Physico-Chemical Properties." International Letters of Natural Sciences 16 (May 2014): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilns.16.44.
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The present study was performed for the period of one year from January 2013 to December 2013 in order to understand the physico-chemical properties of Mahul Creek water. From the results of our study it was observed that the annual average COD level was 362.09 ppm which was far higher than the maximum tolerable level of 250 ppm set for inland surface water as well as for marine coastal water. The annual average conductivity was found to be 6122.81 µS cm-1 which was very much above the conductivity limit for inland surface water of 1000 µS cm-1 set by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for propagation of fisheries. The annual average total alkalinity level was recorded as 166.25 ppm, which according to the UN Department of Technical Cooperation for Development (1985) was found to be strongly alkaline. The annual average hardness level of the creek water was found to be 2488.65 ppm which was above the limit of 300 ppm set by ISI. From the results of the present investigation it seems that the time has come to implement proper effluent water treatment techniques and enforcement of pollution control by the regulatory authority on the indiscriminate discharge of industrial wastewater into water bodies
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Kaur, Inderjeet, Ashok Khurana, Jasmine Kaur Sachdev, and Gurinder Mohan. "Evaluation of serum uric acid in acute ischaemic stroke." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 4, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20170036.
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Background: The role of serum uric acid as a risk factor for acute ischaemic stroke is controversial and there is little information about it. Present study was done to estimate serum uric acid levels in patients of acute ischaemic stroke and to assess its risk factor potential.Methods: It was a prospective case control study carried out in the department of Medicine at Sri Guru Ramdas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Vallah, Sri Amritsar, Punjab, India from January 2015 to July 2016. 50 cases of acute ischaemic stroke were enrolled and were compared with same number of age and sex matched healthy controls. Serum uric acid levels were measured in cases (within 24 hours of stroke evolution). Glasgow coma scale (GCS) score was calculated for cases at time of admission. The results were statistically analysed.Results: Mean serum uric acid level in cases was 6.15±1.91mg/dl whereas it was 5.1±1.4 mg/dl in controls. The difference of serum uric acid levels between cases and controls was statistically significant (p = 0.0054). Patients with poor GCS had higher mean serum uric acid levels as compared to patients with mild or moderate GCS score which was statistically significant(p = 0.0426).Conclusions: Serum uric acid can be used as a marker for increased risk of stroke. Furthermore, serum uric acid can also be used for risk stratification after stroke.
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Singh, Inderpal, H. S. Thind, Sandeep Sharma, Yadvinder Singh, and Mohammad Amin Bhat. "Phosphorus fertilizing potential of biomass ashes and their effect on bioavailability of micronutrients in wheat (Triticum aestivum. L)." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 9, no. 2 (June 1, 2017): 744–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v9i2.1267.
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Ashes from agricultural biomass in agro-based industries have been found to have most of the plant nutrients except nitrogen and sulphur but are treated as waste material. The present study was conducted to evaluate the potential of biomass ashes as source of P and their effect on bioavailability of micronutrients in wheat crop. We conducted the pot experiment at glass house of the Department of Soil Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India. The experiment consisted of combinations of four P sources [bagasse ash (BA), rice husk ash (RHA), rice straw ash (RSA), fertilizer P (Fert-P)] supplying P at three levels (10, 20 and 30 µg g-1) along with one zero-P control. This experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) having three replications. Application of P through RSA produced significantly higher grain yield (14.3 g pot-1) than BA (12.8 g pot-1) and RHA (12.9 g pot-1) but statistically at par with Fert-P (13.5 g pot-1). Grain Zn content decreased maximum than other micronutrients with application of P from all sources, hence maximum increased P/Zn ratio. Phosphorus applied from all the biomass ashes significantly increased biomass and yield over control. With increase in P application, micronutrients content in grain was significantly decreased, hence decreased bioavailability of micronutrients in wheat grain.
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Saini, Sachin, Harpreet Singh, and Tarsem Pal Singh. "Clinical study of acute stroke with special reference to Greek stroke scoring system." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 3 (February 20, 2017): 927. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170638.
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Background: Stroke is becoming an important cause of premature death and disability in low-income and middle-income countries like India, largely driven by demographic changes and enhanced by the increasing prevalence of the key modifiable risk factors. Rapid access to CT is virtually impossible for all patients with a cerebrovascular event especially in resource poor countries like ours. Aims and objectives of the study were to study the clinical characteristics of patients suffering from acute stroke and to study the efficacy of Greek stroke scoring system in differentiating acute intracerebral infarction and hemorrhagic strokeMethods: Present study was carried out in 50 consecutive patients of stroke admitted to department of Medicine, Guru Nanak Dev Hospital (attached to Government Medical College), Amritsar, Punjab, India. It was a prospective, observational, hospital based study.Results: Maximum number of stroke patients i.e. 36% were in the age group of 61-70 years. Mean±sd age for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was 67.9±11 and 57±9 years respectively. 36 patients (72%) had ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke was seen in 14 patients (28%). Among the modifiable risk factors of stroke-hypertension was the most common (68% cases) followed by dyslipidemia (64%), DM (30%), chronic alcohol intake (28%). In the present study, Greek score had a high sensitivity (97%) and positive predictive value (97%) in diagnosing ischemic stroke. It also had excellent specificity (97%) and negative predictive value (97%) in diagnosing hemorrhagic strokeConclusions: Targeting the risk factors for preventing stroke in the first place will help in reducing burden of this often-disabling disease. The CT scan remains as a gold standard in differential diagnosis of stroke and Greek scoring system may be used as a guide in management only when resources are limited and CT scan facilities are not available.
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Hans, V. S., R. S. Gill, and Rupinderpal Singh. "Effect of rib roughness pitch on thermal and thermo-hydraulic performance of a solar air heater roughened artificially with arc rib having gap." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 251–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i1.782.
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This experimental study on a solar air heater having absorber plate roughened artificially by providing roughness in the form of arc ribs having gap was carried out in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India to study the effect of relative roughness pitch on thermal and thermohydraulic performance as well as to compare the performance of arc rib with gap roughened solar air heater with that of continuous arc rib roughened solar air heater. The roughness geometry parameters included relative roughness height of 0.043, angle of attack of 30 degree, relative gap position of 0.80, gap-width equal to the width of the rib and five values of relative roughness pitch ranging from 4 to 12 for flow Reynolds number range of 2000 to 16,000. The Nusselt number and friction factor were found to be more for relative roughness pitch value of 10 as compared to other values of relative roughness pitch. Thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air heaters roughened by arc with gap and continuous arc roughness geometries were found to be 1.91 times and 1.78 times respectively as compared to that of solar air heater having smooth absorber plate due to generation of turbulence in laminar sublayer region. However, improvement in thermo-hydraulic performance of solar air heater roughened by arc with gap geometry over continuous arc rib roughened solar air heater was attributed to generation of a region of turbulence on downstream side of the gap.
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Mude, Shyam Narayan, Shyam Yawale, and Vishal Choudhari. "Sedimentological and Geochemical Charectesization of Manaveli and Cuddalore Formations, Puducherry Basin, India." Journal of The Indian Association of Sedimentologists 37, no. 2 (December 31, 2020): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.51710/jias.v37i2.112.
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Sedimentological and Geochemical Charectesization of Manaveli and Cuddalore Formations, Puducherry Basin, India
Shyam N. Mude, Shyam Yawale and Vishal Choudhari
Department of Geology, Fergusson College (Autonomous), Pune- 411004, India
Email: shyam.mude@fergusson.edu; shyammude25@yahoo.co.in
Abstract: The lithostratigraphically rocks of Puducherry basin (Sub-basin of Cauvery Basin) have been classified as Valudavur, Mettuveli, Karasur, Manaveli, Cuddalore formations in ascending order of deposition. The sedimentological and geochemical studies of sediments from Manavali (Paleocene) and Cuddalore (Mio-Pliocene) formations were carried out to understand grain size variation and distribution of major oxides and trace elements.
The sieve analysis was used to study grain size variation and on the basis of grain sizes various geo-statistical parameters were calculated to understand depositional environment. The discriminant function analysis of the sediments from the Cuddalore Formation infers that mostly the sedimentation was occurred in fluvio-deltaic environment with incursions of shallow marine environment whereas bivariate plots suggests that the deposition was occurred in riverine to deltaic environment.
The major element geochemistry of the Manaveli and Cuddalore formations have been carried out to understand the provenance, paleoclimate and source area weathering conditions. The values of CIA (Chemical Index of Alteration), CIW (Chemical Index of Weathering), ICV (Index of Compositional Variability) and PIA (Plagioclase Index of Alteration) of the sediments infer high weathering was occurred in source area of sediments for Manaveli and Cuddalore formations. The ratio (Al2O3+K2O+Na2O)/SiO2 indicate semi-humid climatic conditions during deposition of Cuddalore Formation whereas Manaveli Formation was deposited in semi-arid climatic conditions. The discriminant function diagram (A-CN-K Plot), suggest Quartzose sedimentary provenance for Cuddalore and Mafic igneous provenance for Manaveli Formation.
Keywords: Grain Size, Geochemistry, Manaveli, Cuddalore, Puducherry Basin
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Mittal, S., B. Singh, R. Mittal, and K. Singh. "A prospective study of cases with necrotising fasciitis: our experience at a tertiary care teaching hospital." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 10 (September 27, 2017): 3326. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20174164.
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Background: Necrotising fascitis is a life-threatening infection involving fascia and necrosis of subcutaneous tissue. The portal of entry usually is trivial trauma. It requires immediate diagnosis and intervention to reduce mortality. The objective of this study was to study clinical profile, predisposing risk factors and to formulate a protocol for management of necrotising fasciitis.Methods: The study was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital in Punjab, India catering to a semi-urban and rural (agricultural based) population over a period of three years between January 2014 to January 2017. All the consecutive patients who came to the emergency department (ER) of the institute presenting early with clinical features suggestive of NF were included in the study. The study included total 50 cases. The cases were studied in detail according to study plan that included age, sex, clinical features, results of blood and wound cultures, the number of surgical interventions, total duration of hospitalization and the mortality rate.Results: The most common age group was between 40-60yrs and there were 48 males. There was history of trivial trauma or insect bite in majority of cases. Mostly patients presented with bullae formation, induration, edema. Diabetes was the commonest comorbid condition associated. All the patients were thoroughly investigated, swab cultures were taken. Debridements were done followed by grafting. In 10 patients, we could not salvage the limb and 10 patients expired after debridement.Conclusions: Necrotising fasciitis is more common in middle aged males with diabetes. Early diagnosis and aggressive treatment is required to reduce the mortality.
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., Urvashi, Sangeeta Girdhar, Anurag Chaudhary, Sanjay Gupta, and Shamim Monga. "Socio-demographic co-relates of depression among housewives in rural area of district Ludhiana." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 6, no. 5 (April 27, 2019): 2147. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20191835.
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Background: Depression is the most common psychiatric disorder in general practice. It is much more common among women than men, with female/male ratio roughly 2:1. In today’s hectic life, stress is increasing in housewives. Very few data is available on depression among housewives in India. So the present study is aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and study its epidemiological co-relates among housewives aged 18-59 years in rural area of district Ludhiana. Objectives were to assess depression among housewives aged 18-59 years in a rural area and determine the association of depression with socio-demographic co-relates.Methods: This study is a community based cross-sectional study carried out in the field practice area of Department of Community Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab. 300 subjects were selected by systematic random sampling. Assessment of depression among the housewives was done by using Patient Health Questionnare-9 (PHQ-9).Results: In the present study, 43% of the subjects were found to have depression. Mean age of subjects with depression was found to be 42.4 (±10.3) years. There was an increasing trend of depression among housewives with increasing age (p=0.000). Inverse relationship was found between level of education and depression (p=0.000). Lower socio-economic status was found to be associated with higher rates of depression (p=0.039).Conclusions: Depression was seen to be on higher side among housewives in rural area of Ludhiana. Housewives should be educated about warning signs and symptoms of depression and motivated to avail the primary health care services.
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Singh, Jagdeep, Ram Partap, Amritpal Singh, Naresh Kumar, and Krity -. "Effect of Nitrogen and Zinc on Growth and Yield of Maize (Zea mays L.)." International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management 12, no. 3 (June 30, 2021): 179–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.23910/1.2021.2212.
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The experiment was laid out on the effect of nitrogen and zinc on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) at Research Farm of the Department of Agriculture, Mata Gujri College, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab, India during kharif (July to October) season of 2017. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design three replication with eight treatments. The soil of the experimental field was Gangetic alluvial having clay loam texture with pH 7.5. It was moderately fertile, with available nitrogen (285.24 kg ha-1), available phosphorus (26.15 kg ha-1), available potassium (250.84 kg ha-1) and available zinc (1.42 mg kg-1). The maximum growth parameter viz. plant height (cm), LAI (%), dry matter accumulation (g) and the highest yield attributes and yield parameters viz., number of cob-1, length of cob (cm), test weight (g), number of grain cob-1, grain yield (q ha-1), stover yield (q ha-1), biological yield (q ha-1) and harvest index (%) was recorded at 30, 60, 90 DAS and at harvest stage with the application of nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @30 kg ha-1 which was at par with the treatments namely; nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @15 kg ha-1 and nitrogen @150 kg ha-1. All the treatments significantly influenced the growth and yield attributes as compared to control. The maximum net returns (` 89977 ha-1) and benefit:cost ratio (1.58) has been recorded with application of nitrogen @150 kg ha-1++zinc @30 kg ha-1.
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Garg, Kranti, and Jai Kishan Karahyla. "Association between tuberculosis and bronchial asthma." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 8 (July 26, 2017): 3566. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20173563.
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Background: Everything that wheezes is not asthma. In patients of tuberculosis (TB), wheezing can be because of bronchial asthma, or many other causes. Asthma and other causes of wheezing need to be differentiated, as the treatment should be planned accordingly.Methods: Patients of active/quiescent tuberculosis who presented to Department of Tuberculosis and Chest Diseases, Government Medical College, Patiala, Punjab, India, with complaints of breathlessness and had rhonchi on examination were subjected to bronchodilator reversibility testing to prove if they were suffering from concomitant asthma. Patients thus found to have tuberculosis along with asthma were analyzed with respect to age, sex, rural urban differences and timing of diagnosis of either disease. Patients who developed asthma after tuberculosis were further analyzed for duration between completion of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) and onset of asthma, family history of asthma and correlation of radiological manifestations and lung function measurements. Aim was to find association, if any, between tuberculosis and asthma.Results: Over 6 months, 69 patients of tuberculosis along with asthma were found. Only 21/69 (30.4%) patients developed tuberculosis after asthma. 48/69 (69.6%) patients developed asthma after tuberculosis. Majority (25/48=52.1%) of them developed asthma within 5 years of completion of ATT (p=0.020). Only 2/48 (2.9%) patients had a positive family history for asthma. Lung function abnormalities correlated with the extent of radiological involvement in these patients who developed asthma after tuberculosis (p ≤0.0001).Conclusions: Patients of active/quiescent tuberculosis who present with breathlessness and have rhonchi on examination should be treated for asthma only after confirmation of the diagnosis, as there can be other reasons for the same.
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K., Vinod M., Amanjot Kaur, Jagdeepak Singh, Jatinder Singh, Kulwinder Singh Sandhu, Priyanka Singh, and Shiffali Chabra. "A study of clinical and audiometric profile in patients presenting with sudden sensorineural hearing loss." International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 3, no. 2 (March 25, 2017): 336. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20171189.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To assess the clinical and audiometric profile in patients presenting with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL).The study also aimed to find out any possible etiology of SSNHL, prognostic factors and effectiveness of treatment. Prospective, open label, randomized study conducted in department of ENT at the Ram Lal eye and ENT hospital attached to Government medical college, Amritsar, Punjab, India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients of either sex aged between 18 to 50 years suffering from unilateral or bilateral onset SSNHL included in the study on the basis of predetermined clinical criteria. The hearing assessments of patients were done before and after the treatment with tuning fork tests, pure-tone and impedance audiometry. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Most of the patients of SSNHL presented with unknown etiology. Steroid treatment gave a statistically significant improvement in pure tone averages. Maximum improvement is observed in patients who started treatment within one month of developing SSNHL. Post-treatment outcomes were not influenced by age of the patient and type of the pure tone audiometry graph. The presence of vertigo and diabetes are bad prognostic factors for hearing outcome in SSNHL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Most of the cases of sudden sensorineural hearing loss have unknown etiology. Patients with associated DM and vertigo are having poor recovery of hearing. Early starting of treatment gives maximum improvement of hearing. </p>