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Magnusson, Christoffer. "Purchasing office in China : Selecting a purchasing structure and managing the purchasing office." Thesis, Stockholm University, School of Business, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-6384.
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<p>What is it like managing a purchasing office in China today? What are the purchasing structures to be considered? These are two fundamentals which this thesis aims to find out. What can be done to ease the process and avoid problems before they are actual problems are matters that will be discussed. The thesis is delimitated to the Chinese market and the effects and implications by working there. Further the research in the thesis is delimitated towards companies that are involved in trade and that have purchasing offices in China. A case study will guide the reader into the ways of doing purchasing in China. By going over several incidents that may occur when working in China the reader will through a case study form an opinion on what the situation may be like for many foreign purchasing offices existing in China today. Views from both Chinese and expatriated foreign staff will be given in the case. The case study will be focused on the implications occurring during an actual purchasing process. The data in this thesis comes from interviews at one of the major clothing chains in northern Europe and from selected articles relating to the industry. When analyzing the data provided by the selected company a hermeneutic perspective has been used. A deductive method has been used to derive empirical data that has been published in some form. The major conclusions is that a company need to come prepared, setting up an office takes time and routines that work at home doesn’t necessarily work in other unfamiliar locations. The structures necessary for the purchasing office may depend on factors such as size of the company and cultural values. Ways of improving the purchasing process may be to rely more on IT systems. Purchasing offices should have a certain degree of autonomy when doing purchasing in China. Having employees seeing the whole picture of the company may be important due to the head office often being far away. Reengineering jobs to become more multi dimensional, thus providing a greater understanding of the purchasing process for employees is one solution. Cultural issues are to reckon with and there are certain issues that must be resolved either by integrating different ideas or adaptation by locals and expatriated employees. As can be seen in the case of “Workplace Shanghai” there may be difficulties but they can be overcome as will be further assessed in this thesis.</p>
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Jones, David Meirion. "Purchasing development." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1997. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21280.
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The objective behind this research was to identify major criteria that could be used to measure the stage of purchasing development reached within an organisation. A literature review identified eighteen major dependent variables, measurements of which were indicative of purchasing development. These dependent variables were subsequently refined and developed using two pilot studies and a five point profiling matrix was developed for each of the measurement criteria concerned. The research methodology was essentially qualitative and used a grounded approach. Being exploratory in nature the intention of the methodology was to identify major criteria affecting the purchasing development process rather than identifying cause and effect, amongst the measurement criteria. The research sample involved two pilot studies and the main research sample, which consisted of six organisations, each with different sales turnovers, drawn from both the Public and Private sectors. These six organisat ional case studies were explored in depth, using a qualitative research approach. Again a grounded approach was used to analyse the data collected. The results further helped to refine and develop a purchasing profile framework and suggested the relationships between these dependent variables. Considerable evidence was also collected in terms of major independent variables likely to affect purchasing development. The research results will enable future practitioners and researchers to classify stages of purchasing development. Five stages have been identified: infant, awakening, development, mature and advanced. From the research results, interviewees believed that a more advanced proactive purchasing activity would lead to a more effective profitable organisation. These research findings offer a useful analytical tool for establishing the stage of purchasing development reached, and highlights deficiencies in a development profile. Finally, the research suggests alternative ways of developing the activity and likely time periods involved, in the development of the dependent criteria identified.
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Makubalo, Gcobisa. "Improving indirect purchasing competitiveness in manufacturing firms through strategic purchasing." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1653.
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The advent of the global financial recession, its impact on the economy with respect to market turbulence and the increase in customer demands have put organisations under intense pressure to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of their operations. By virtue of it not being business as usual in the business arena, organisations are forced to constantly devise strategies that are geared towards growth, transformation and continuous improvement. This cuts across all spheres of organisational structures, which means that every division has a role to play.
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Bank, Jakob, Emma Sjödoff, and Helena Zebergs. "Conscious purchasing : Securing the purchasing process in the apparel industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-35012.
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Title: Conscious purchasing - Securing the purchasing process in the apparel industry Authors: Jakob Bank, Emma Sjödoff and Helena Zebergs Tutor: Roger Stokkedal Examiner: Helena Forslund Background: There has been several scandals within the apparel industry and due to this brand owners of apparel companies has started to offer their customers’ alternative products, which has been manufactured in a more conscious and sustainable way. The purchasing process has thereby become more complex including multiple criteria such as social and environmental considerations which have to be fulfilled by their suppliers. Purpose: To describe how Swedish brand owners of apparel companies select their supplier for their conscious collections, which sustainability policies they include in contracts with their selected suppliers and how they evaluate these suppliers in regard to the brand owners’ policy on sustainability. Method: This thesis was conducted using qualitative semi-structured interviews and a deductive approach. Several sampling methods was used which led to the involved companies who were interviewed through both structured as well as semi-structured interviews. Conclusion: Swedish brand owners of apparel companies select their suppliers based on how well they fulfil their demands, and if there is a possibility to establish a long term relationship. They include different sustainability policies in their contracts, but all suppliers need to approve the brand owners CoC as well as use organic cotton. The evaluation visits are conducted, but the evaluation responsible, how often it takes place and the duration of the visit depends on the brand owner.
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Schotanus, Fredo. "Horizontal cooperative purchasing." Enschede : University of Twente [Host], 2007. http://doc.utwente.nl/58013.
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Almén, Eva, Christine Mannerstråle, and Charlotte Jacobsson. "Purchasing as a necessity : Recommandations to Saab Avitronics." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, EMM (Entrepreneurship, Marketing, Management), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-465.
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<p>Problem:The importance of purchasing is often neglected, and the possibilities for continuous improvements in order to reap advantages, such as cost reductions, are often overlooked. Furthermore, the subject of purchasing has not been explored to a large extent in academic research. Therefore, we found the subject to be of great interest and possibly containing opportunities for companies, including Saab Avitronics, to seize.</p><p>Purpose:The purpose of the thesis is to present recommendations after evaluating the purchasing organization and strategies regarding the strategic purchases within Saab Avitronics, Sweden.</p><p>Methodology:To receive a deeper understanding of the purchasing department, we found it necessary to use a qualitative method approach. Through a target-oriented selection we choose to do our empirical case study at Saab Avitronics. The empirical study consists of interviews with the selected respondents as well as written documents.</p><p>Analysis:The analysis is structured according to the theoretical framework; purchasing, purchasing objectives, purchasing organization, purchasing process and purchasing strategies.</p><p>Conclusions:The conclusions are the recommendations we have been able to suggest to Saab Avitronics in order to improve its purchasing function and increase the purchasing power. We find it appropriate for the business unit to rationalize and diversify its supply-base. Another recommendation is to remove the monetary range each purchaser can authorize purchases of.</p>
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Peters, Sylvia Chigozirim, and Oskar Olsson. "Efficient purchasing in an organization : The importance of qualified purchasing personnel." Thesis, Mälardalen University, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6092.
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<p><strong>Title:</strong> Efficient purchasing in an organization: the importance of qualified purchasing personnel (A case study of ABB, Västerås)</p><p> </p><p> </p><p><strong>Purpose:</strong> The purpose of this research is to learn and present how ABB (Västerås) perceives the role of the purchasing function, and the importance of involving qualified purchasing personnel in the purchasing process. By evaluating their:</p><p>· Level of participation in the overall corporate planning process,</p><p>· Relationship to suppliers and other internal units,</p><p>· Responsibilities toward the organization, for determining how they contribute to its efficiency</p><p> </p><p><strong>Method:</strong> This thesis is a case study on ABB (Västerås). We have used a qualitative method to conduct the research. We have also obtained primary data through face-to-face interviews and secondary data by an extensive literature search using peer-reviewed articles, textbooks, search engines, and the MDH database.</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Subsequent to our findings, we are of the opinion that there is a positive perception concerning the role of purchasing function and purchasing personnel in ABB. We assert this is due to the recognition that purchasing, contributes significantly to the organization’s profit, helps in making savings and reducing costs compared to what was obtainable a few decades ago. We have also found that there is also a realization on the part of management that the skills and knowledge of the purchasing personnel in devising strategies, coordinating with other internal functions, and dealing with suppliers etc. are major factors responsible for the benefits that purchasing provides to ABB (Västerås).</p><p> </p><p>We have observed through our findings that the efficiency of the purchasing function in ABB is rooted in its purchasing personnel. In our opinion purchasing personnel high involvement in the corporate planning process in ABB, cooperation with top management, and liaison with other functional units are what makes purchasing efficient in the organization.</p>
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Hu, Xiangling. "Purchasing, inventory control, pricing, and contract design under purchasing price uncertainties." Online access for everyone, 2008. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Summer2008/x_hu_072408.pdf.
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Samnidze, Nato, and Didem Mermer. "Purchasing in Newsprint Industry." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Industriell organisation och produktion, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15433.
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Baier, Christian. "The alignment performance link in purchasing and supply management : performance implications of fit between business strategy, purchasing strategy, and purchasing practices /." Wiesbaden : Gabler, 2008. http://d-nb.info/988007525/04.
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Nilsson, Maria, and Marcus Malveholm. "Communication in International Purchasing : A Study of Communicational Influences On the Purchasing Process." Thesis, Kristianstad University College, School of Health and Society, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4791.
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<p>In recent years globalization has caused companies to internationalize the purchasing of material, products and services. By establishing supply-chains on foreign markets companies can buy products cheaper, which allows for the sustaining of competitiveness and the cutting of costs. One of the key aspects of purchasing is the interaction between the parties involved, the communication between buyer and supplier.</p><p>The purpose of this dissertation is to examine how communication between Swedish purchasers and Chinese suppliers affects the outcome of the trade and the buyer-supplier relationship. The research has adopted an inductive approach with some hints of deductive nature. </p><p>Problems in the purchasing process were identified by conducting pilot interviews. Based on these problems theories were reviewed and interpreted, followed by the collection of qualitative data through unstructured interviews with six companies in the manufacturing industry. The gathered material is presented in a cross-case analysis, accompanied by a discussion. </p><p>The findings indicate that communication between participants involved in the purchasing process affect both the outcome of the trade and the development of buyer-supplier relationships. How and why this affects trade is presented in models and through discussion. Suggestions for future research include a similar research from a HRM perspective. </p><p>By combining aspects of interaction and purchasing processes, this study has examined how communication affects purchasing on an international level. By so doing the results of this dissertation may be of interest to companies that purchase internationally or have plans to start doing so. </p>
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聶禮明 and Lai-ming Nip. "Purchase selection of a major computer system in Hong Kong: considerations and marketingimplications." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1988. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264141.
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Swift, Cathy Owens. "Characteristics of Purchasing Managers That Influence Preferences to Enter Buyer-Seller Partnerships by Single Sourcing." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278311/.
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This research addresses the question of whether there are personal characteristics of purchasing managers that lead them to make decisions regarding buyer-seller partnerships, and supplier sourcing in particular, that may be suboptimal, therefore affecting the performance of the firm. This question warrants study due to the current business environment, in which business firms have been entering into both formal and informal buyer-seller partnerships as a means of surviving in a highly competitive
environment.
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Berg, J. Karla. "Environmental purchasing guidelines for organizations." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0013/MQ26770.pdf.
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Govan, Craig E. (Craig Elliott). "Purchasing cooperatives : structures and significance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/66767.
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Carrolo, Raquel Sofia Da Costa. "Purchasing strategies for indirect services." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/9158.
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Mestrado em Engenharia e Gestão Industrial<br>Na área de compras, existem vários estudos e pesquisas sobre compras de
bens diretos com exemplos de aplicação em grandes empresas. Porém,
estudos em compras indiretas tem sido perdidos em esquecimento, o que se
torna contraditório, uma vez que todo o custo indireto é de extrema atenção.
Por forma a preencher esta lacuna na literatura, esta tese tem como principal
objectivo a abordagem à compra de serviços indiretos de uma empresa de
grande dimensão em Portugal. Desta forma, a abordagem do portfólio de
Kraljic foi utilizada por forma a avaliar os serviços indiretos bem como perceber
quais as estratégias a aplicar neste tipo de compras.<br>In the purchasing environment, there are several studies and researches on
purchasing of direct materials, with examples applied on big companies.
However, studies on indirect purchasing have been lost in oblivion, which turns
out to be contradictory, due to the very known fact that all indirect spend is of
extreme attention. In order to fill in this gap in the literature, this thesis has the
main goal of approaching the indirect spend on indirect services of a big
company in Portugal. To do so, Kraljic’s portfolio approach was used to assess
the indirect services as well as understand which purchasing strategies are to
be applied.
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Webb, M. D. "Local purchasing initiatives : a review." Thesis, Aston University, 1992. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10859/.
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A number of alternative approaches are available to stimulate local purchasing, requiring various levels of resources. However, none of the initiatives studied could provide evidence that they generated many links between local companies. The findings of the research suggest that this is largely due to the purchasing practices adopted by large companies, which no longer provide opportunities for the small local supplier. In view of this it was concluded that Local Purchasing Initiatives should focus on encouraging inter-trading between companies of all sizes, rather than just large buyers and small suppliers.
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Martinovová, Nikola. "NPM: Optimization of purchasing process." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-192395.
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The theoretical part will be focused on presenting information within the process management. Some of the pieces of this theoretical information will be were slightly modified by internal Continental procedures and applied in the practical part of the thesis in order to redesign current purchasing process of non production material. The contents of the practical part of this thesis are the analysis of the current purchasing process of non-production material in the plant of Continental. The intention is to identify the waste and obstacles in the process. The main target is to improve the process in consideration of efficiency, lead time reduction and, if applicable, cost savings. Once the waste in the process is identified, the 100% value added ideal state is going to be developed, under consideration of implementing the improvements, which have been identified in the current state. Based on the differences between the current state and the ideal state of the process, the future state is going to be mapped.
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Speed, Preston Brooks. "Tests of purchasing power parity." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-01292009-063028/.
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Gottge, Simon, and Torben Menzel. "Purchasing 4.0: An Exploratory Multiple Case Study on the Purchasing Process Reshaped by Industry 4.0 in the Automotive Industry." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65307.
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Title: Purchasing 4.0: An Exploratory Multiple Case Study on the Purchasing Process Reshaped by Industry 4.0 in the Automotive Industry Authors: Simon Gottge, Torben Menzel Background: Rapidly transforming technologies and changing customer expectations trigger the fourth industrial revolution. This development, often referred to as ‘Industry 4.0’, is characterized by autonomously communicating and interacting technologies throughout the supply chain. Simultaneously, the importance of efficient purchasing processes in the automotive sector keeps growing as outsourcing and globalization tendencies increase. While Industry 4.0 publications are on the rise, little research is carried out on the impact on related supply chain functions, especially purchasing, calling for scientific investigations. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the influence of Industry 4.0 on purchasing at automotive manufacturers and further derive a visionary model of the reshaped purchasing process within the adjusted Purchasing 4.0 context. Method: The deductive research is carried out as exploratory multiple case study. In three cases, qualitative data from four dyads is analyzed. Interviews hereby were conducted with 23 participants representing different perspectives, also including case-independent experts. Findings & conclusion: Considering the influence of Industry 4.0 on purchasing, the research reveals, that new technologies and changes in manufacturing, integration and business context will impact the purchasing scope, collaboration, structure, and infrastructure. These changes include new components and different suppliers, a cross-functional and deeper supplier integration as well as collaboration platforms, holistic networks and assisting IT-systems. In the reshaped purchasing process, strategic sub processes will become highly integrated and technology supported, leading to a co-creation of specification, explorative supplier selection, parameter-based quotations and negotiations, and autonomous re-negotiations of changes. The operative purchasing process on the other hand is strongly shaped by real-time data usage, creating interactive call-offs, real-time tracking, proactive trouble shooting and holistic supplier evaluations. Keywords: Purchasing; Industry 4.0; Purchasing 4.0; Purchasing Process; Automotive
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Yennego, Jr Zubah Kollie, Fredrik Blomstervall, and Markus Rasmussen. "Purchasing Process of Services : A Study of the Purchasing Process of Human Resource (HR) Services." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för ekonomistyrning och logistik (ELO), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64845.
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Title: Purchasing Process of Services: A Study of the Purchasing Process of HumanResource (HR) services Background: The rise in competition among organizations continues to increase. The rise in globalization, outsourcing and continuous pressure from customers have been the source for the increase in competition. Additionally, the instability in various industries is leading to high competition among firms. The purchasing of professional services is vital to organizations. Contemporary organizations spend a huge portion of their resources on the purchasing of professional services. The proper purchase of professional services can lead to cost saving and competitive advantage for companies or organizations. Research Questions: How can the various purchasing models be used to develop a process for professional HR service purchasing? What are the factors involved in developing a process for the purchasing of professional HR services Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to develop a purchasing process for the purchasing of professional HR services. It takes into consideration the various classifications models of purchasing and the factors involved in the purchasing of services in order to develop a purchasing process for professional HR services. Method: Through a qualitative case study, the thesis gathered empirical data and used the deductive scientific approach to building a foundation of theory. Additionally, pattern matching was used to analyze both the theory and empirical data. Conclusion: The thesis developed a new classification model for HR services which resulted in the development of a new purchasing process that takes into consideration the classification of services and integrates the effects of the classification in the purchasing process. Additionally, the thesis discovered that personal relationship, clarity of problem and solution, specification of supplier’s inputs, specification of supplier’s throughputs or processes, specification of supplier’s output and specification of supplier’s outcome and the characteristics of service are factors involved in the development of a purchasing process forHR Services. Keywords: Professional Human Resource Services, Categorization of service, PurchasingModels, Service Purchasing Process
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Nuasir, Salah Ahmad. "Does purchasing power parity hold in developing countries? an application to the Asian countries /." access full-text online access from Digital dissertation consortium online access from ProQuest databases, 2001. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/pqdiss.pl?3037125.
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Vaudreuil, William E. "Describe the use of the Internet to acquire purchasing information." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998vaudreuilw.pdf.
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Salgado, Catindig Ranjana, and Zoltan Kis. "The Role of Emotions in Small Business Purchasing : a quantitative study on purchasing processes and emotions." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-65595.
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Background: When a company tries to sell either products or services, it is important to consider the decision criteria on the purchasing side. Most often, there will be personal, emotional reasons that guide the purchaser’s preference in chosing suppliers, coexisting with the rational reasoning. Previous studies have shown that the emotional influence when it comes to decision making in purchasing is strongest in small businesses, however there is no information regarding what are the actual emotions experienced and in what context. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to find which basic emotions are most felt in different purchasing processes. Method: This research is based on a quantitative method where the information was gathered by sending out surveys to small businesses in Sweden. The respondents rated 27 emotions on a five point Likert scale for each of the four researched processes: Adaptive planning in purchasing, Accessing external expertise for purchasing, Similarities in attitude with supplier in evaluation and Involvement in purchasing consortia. Conclusion: Two of the four hypotheses were supported, suggesting that the basic emotion of happiness positively relates to similarity in attitude between the small business and the supplier and the emotion of fear positively relates to accessing external expertise. A descriptive statistics were also created showing the most and least felt emotions in each of the four processes.
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Stoddard, James E. "The effect of group influence on organizational buying." Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03042009-041233/.
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Måttgård, Erik, Marcus Håkansson, and Rikard Svensson. "Cost considerations when purchasing from China." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Management and Economics, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-2083.
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<p>Background: To be competitive on the global market companies see a chance to achieve success by using suppliers that can offer them the lowest prices. Because of low wages China is one of those countries that can offer very competitive prices for purchasers in our part of the world. But is global sourcing for everyone? Global sourcing can be proven to be more costly than anticipated if the total cost of ownership is not considered.</p><p>Research questions: -Which costs do the investigated manufacturing companies consider in their estimation of costs when purchasing from China, and how do these estimations match up with the actual costing?</p><p>-What is the explanation of potential differences between the estimation of costs and the actual costing?</p><p>-How do the companies’ characteristics in terms of experience, size and product characteristic affect the formulation of the costing?</p><p>Purpose: This thesis will investigate what kind of costs companies take into consideration when doing their estimation of costs before initiating trade with China. Further the thesis will study how these estimations match up with the actual costing that can be seen afterwards and investigate what the explanation of potential variations could depend on. The thesis will also answer how the characteristics of the companies and the products affect the costing development.</p><p>Conclusions: The companies are mainly focusing on purchase price and costs for transportation in their estimation of costs and the match between the estimation of costs and the actual costing are good in terms of purchase price and costs for transportation. Other costs are mismatched or overlooked probably because of their complexity to estimate. Product characteristics are probably the main factor that affects the complexity and amount of time and effort companies spend on costing.</p>
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Moffatt, Peter Grant. "Microeconometric models of household purchasing behaviour." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.307355.
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Dúbravská, Pavla. "Purchasing Power Parity in Transition Economies." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3895.
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The goal of this diploma thesis is to assess purchasing power parity (PPP) under the conditions of transition process. The thesis provides a survey of the purchasing power parity theory and concentrates on the relative version. It outlines main causes of possible deviations and modifications of the model. In the empirical part four transition economies are tested for the PPP theory: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia. The diploma thesis concludes with analysis of the role of the exchange rate under conditions of a small open economy. The overall analysis is implemented within the context of real and nominal convergence towards European Union and future accession to the European Monetary Union.
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Bukat, Michał Aleksander. "Purchasing Power Parity - Theory and Practice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206079.
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The thesis explains the theory of purchasing power parity and related concepts. It shows differences in prices and wages all around the globe and gives theoretical explanation of existing disparities. The goal is to find out how prices differ in reality, where costs of living are the highest or the lowest and what makes some products more or less expensive in different countries. In order to answer the questions the thesis deals with, the variety of sources was used, starting from economics textbooks, academic journals, literature reviews, the Economist website, a study of UBS 'Prices and Earnings', International Monetary Fund database and others.
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Måttgård, Erik Håkansson Marcus Svensson Rikard. "Cost considerations when purchasing from China /." Växjö : Växjö University. School of Management and Economics, 2008. http://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:205975/FULLTEXT01.
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Stefanek, Andrew. "Quantitative Purchasing Structure for Ferrous Scrap." Thesis, The George Washington University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13422757.
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<p> The majority of steel manufacturers within the United States have employed electric arc furnaces (EAFs), which melt raw materials, for the production of steel. The raw material used in EAFs is referred to as steel, or ferrous, scrap. There are many different grades of ferrous scrap, which are classified by the following attributes: size, density, and chemistry weight percentages of residual elements. Methods currently applied to assess the price of ferrous scrap employ qualitative measures. Furthermore, the largest unknown when procuring ferrous scrap is the chemistry weight percentages of residual elements. This attribute is the most critical to the steel manufacturer as it affects the quality of steel. The goal of the research conducted for this praxis was to create a pricing model that predicted the value-in-use price of ferrous scrap per supplier using a quantitative purchasing structure. The solution to this problem was attained through a pricing model. As this research was applied, the pricing models developed during this research are readily available for use within the steel industry. Results from the pricing models displayed a significant improvement in predicting the value-in-use ferrous scrap price over the current procurement process used by the steel manufacturer. </p><p>
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Thienmongkol, Kaorat, and Pongsatorn Thaisuntad. "Consumer behavior toward online purchasing behavior : “What factors trigger the online purchasing decision of young Swedish consumer?”." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-6544.
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Program: MIMA student – International Marketing Course name: Master Thesis (EFO705) Title: Consumer behavior toward online purchasing behavior Authors: Kaorat ThienmongkolPongsatorn Thaisuntad Supervisor: Daniel Tolstoy Problem: “What factors trigger the online purchasing decision of young SwedishConsumer?” Purpose: The purpose of this report is to study the insights about the factors that triggerpurchasing behavior of young Swedish consumer to shopping on the internet.The result will enable managers of e-commerce firms to outline strategies topenetrate the Swedish market, and will also contribute to e-commerceliterature in general. The students who study and interested in this area will beable to use this result as their empirical data and to enhance their knowledge. Method: 160 questionnaires were used as primary data. Stockholm, Goteborg, Uppsala,Vasteras, and Eskiltuna are the cities that authors collected the data. Forsecondary data, authors collected data from the website. Conclusion: Young Swedish consumers have positive experience on online shopping, trustand like to shop online. They concern on the type of product when shoppingon the internet. And young Swedish consumer also effect by situational factor. Keyword: online shopping, online purchasing decision, consumer behavior
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White, Kaylee. "Using Design to Contextualize Food Purchasing Data and Help Grocery Shoppers Transition to Healthier Food Purchasing Behaviors." Research Showcase @ CMU, 2017. http://repository.cmu.edu/theses/121.
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Cardiovascular disease and diabetes are leading causes of death in the U.S. Both are nutrition-related diseases and can be mitigated by managing or decreasing the consumption of sugar, sodium, fat, and saturated fat. The purpose of this Master’s Thesis is to determine how design can help grocery shoppers gain more clarity about the sugar, sodium, fat, and saturated fat in their food purchases, encourage healthier food purchasing behaviors, and decrease the risk of disease. Design research methods were utilized to learn how consumers think about nutrition while making food purchases. Results revealed that research participants consider themselves to be health conscious, but that their actual food purchasing behaviors are not as healthy as they think they should be. The solution is to show consumers the average amounts of sugar, sodium, fat, and saturated fat in their purchases and compare those numbers to the amounts recommended by health professionals. This information helps consumers contextualize the nutrition in their purchases, identify specific problem areas, and modify their purchasing behaviors to become more healthy.
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Chan, Yuk-mei Cassandra. "A review on the impact of WTO GPA on government procurement in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36424432.
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Chen, Chien-Chun, and 陳建群. "The Impact of Purchasing Capacity,Purchasing Strategy and Supplier’s Management on Purchasing Performance." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47009208170512740099.
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碩士<br>中華大學<br>企業管理學系碩士班<br>102<br>While globalization is to be still growing, the keen competition face them. In order to increase the profit and market share of products,to advance purchasing power is the important factor which to impact the procurement performance directly and will be a magic tool of Enhancing competitiveness.
In order to reform business performance and return on investment,just in time（JIT）of production theory is successful used in car manufaturing field by Toyota Japan in 1970. Its major philosophy is to reduce inventory stock cost to eliminate wastes of manufature process, and help to improve production process and efficiency. It is necessary for approaching this goal to begin from vendor management inventory（VMI）. So,the businesses have to train excellent procurement manager and have to plan a suitable purchasing strategy to increase the competitiveness of procurement &; logistic. This study would like to intergrate an influences mode of purchasing capacity, purchasing strategy and
supplier’s management on purchasing performance. Hope it can reach a good sourcing effect.
In summary, the purpose of this thesis is to build a conceptual structure of “capability-strategy-management-performance” by the role of procurement management. To integrate purchasing capacity, purchasing strategy, supplier’smanagement and verify the relationship on purchasing performance. The professional procurements are the object for study. To take the way of purposive sampling and out of the 141 questionnairs were sent, the valid questionairs returned were 107, resulting in a valid return rate of 76%.
The statistic software of PLS structural equation modling was for the dada analysis, and the main findings of this study is presented below:(1)Procurement capability on procurement performance has a significant positive relationship.(2) Procurement strategy on procurement performance has a significant positive relationship.(3) Supplier management on procurement performance has a significant positive relationship. The study made a suggestion for business to advance fostering procurement ability, strategies flexibly used and combine the supply chain to creat a perfect procurement effect.
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HUI, LIEN HUAN, and 連桓輝. "The Appropriate Purchasing Plan Under Different Purchasing Models." Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/74620355014948400656.
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Jeng, Mei-Chun, and 鄭美君. "A Study of the Relationships among Consumers’ Purchasing Situation, Purchasing Motivation and Purchasing Intention for Organic Vegetables." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50049397489725020927.
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碩士<br>大葉大學<br>事業經營研究所碩士在職專班<br>97<br>This research is discussing the relationships among consumer’ purchasing situation, purchasing motivation and purchasing intention for organic vegetables, and to explore the effect about demographic variables in the purchasing situation, purchasing motivation and purchasing intention.
It is total sends out 355 asks the volume and recycling 320, effectively questionnaire volume 300. We findings out the consumer’ purchasing situation have not the obvious influence to the purchasing intention which positive effect. But the purchasing motivation have the influence to the purchasing intention which positive effect. And consumers will be different because of age, education level, gender, consumption of organic vegetables for different motivation. In the 30 years old do not have a clear impact, however, 31-40 years old, emphasize on safety needs, self-esteem needs; In the age of 51-60 years old, the importance of communication , information situation. University-educated, more emphasis on self-esteem and self-actualization needs. Institute-educated, more emphasis on safety needs and self-esteem needs. Male gender, more emphasis on safety needs, female gender, more emphasis on self-esteem needs and self-actualization.
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CHIEN, PEI-SHAN, and 簡佩珊. "Behavior of purchasing specialists in hospitality for purchasing safety foods." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14768391108641203703.
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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>觀光事業研究所<br>95<br>The identification of the origin of food sources is of prime importance for the protection of consumers. Purchasing specialist is the key person who can control the food safety in hospitality. The purpose of this study was to explore the influence factors of purchasing safety foods in hotels. This study conducted a partial test of the Theory of Planned Behavior by assessing purchasing specialist’s attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control toward purchasing safety foods. The structural questionnaires were sent to the purchasing specialists of the hotels in a mail delivery. There were 198 valid copies of questionnaires returned. The valid response rate was 54.5%. In this study, the SEM (the structural equation model) method was used to evaluate the behavior of purchasing specialists in hospitality for purchasing safety foods. The results indicated that: (1) The behavior of purchasing specialists in hospitality for purchasing safety foods was positively correlation with behavioral intention; (2) The proposed model was well fit the purchasing specialists’ behavioral intention of purchasing safety foods; (3) The purchasing specialists’ behavioral intention of purchasing safety foods was directly and positively affected by attitude, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control; (4) The stockholders, managers and coworkers were the key roles in stakeholder that significantly positive effected to subjective norms; (5) Perceived behavioral control was positively affected by “self-efficacy” and “facilitating conditions”. Results from this study emphasized the importance of subjective norms and perceived behavioral control as key factors associated with purchasing safety foods.
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Wu, Pei-Cheng, and 吳佩橙. "Purchasing Power Parity." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72547086010944235131.
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Chou, Mei-Hsin, and 周美馨. "A Study of the Impact of Purchasing Environment to Purchasing Intention." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97819699747856560381.
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碩士<br>淡江大學<br>國際企業學系碩士班<br>99<br>Due to the increase of income and the change of consumers’ lifestyle, more and more people visit shopping malls and department stores, and many competitors has been attracted to enter the retailing market of department stores and shopping malls because of the huge profits. Since the intense competition between the stores, how to use an effective marketing strategies to impress consumers become much more important. To increase the purchasing intention of consumers seems to be the key for all the owners of shopping malls and department stores.
On the base of the study of Baker (2002), Gardner (1985) and the others, this study is trying to figure out whether the facilities and service in purchasing environment will affect consumers’ shopping mood and their purchasing intention. This study applies SEM to analyze the valid data, and the major findings are shows below:
1. Purchasing environment did affect consumers’ mood when they are shopping, and the mood will have the important effect on their purchasing intension.
2. Consumers who shop under different weather conditions or have different lifestyles will have different perceptions toward purchasing environment, and the effect of purchasing environment on their shopping mood and purchase intention will also be different.
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Lo, Chih-Hsuan, and 羅智炫. "Individual Characteristics, Purchasing Factors, Overconfidence and Mutual Fund Investors’ Purchasing Behavior." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29386364190054680129.
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碩士<br>國立勤益科技大學<br>企業管理系<br>99<br>Traditional financial study is constructed on the theory of that investors are rational and their trades are random, but financial scientists find out that investors are not always rational. Therefore, the behavioral finance has started to thrive. From the previous studies, stock investors perform overconfidence, so from this phenomenon, it results the excessive trades those lead to investment return rate is unsatisfied. Furthermore, the specialty of mutual fund is to transfer the fund to professional managers then to operate and for long-term possessive. However, in this way, whether this process can totally avoid the situation of stock investors’ overconfidence? This paper uses questionnaire to discuss the relationship between investors’ personality, purchase reasons, purchase behavior and the degree of overconfidence, and analyze the investors who have different personal number and characteristics, whether those factors will be different on the degree of overconfidence. The result proves that, age, career, annual income, household register place, personal number does not affect the degree of investors’ overconfidence, but, gender, educational background, marriage status do have significant effects. Factor in the purchase, purchase behavior and overconfidence among the study constructs are positively related significant.
In this paper, personal number is one of the important factors, The Number of the part of life, the empirical results were not overconfidence phenomenon.
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Huang, Kuan-Lin, and 黃冠霖. "A Study of Factors Influencing the Selection of Purchasing Messages through Purchasing-Messages-Sources Involvement and Purchasing Involvement for Consumers." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26894793148627668593.
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碩士<br>開南大學<br>資訊管理學系<br>99<br>Following the development of Internet, the information coming from each country over the world is easy to get. The quantity of information increases rapidly. Again, because the age of Web 2.0 comes, the way of passive receiving advertisement transfers to the way of active searching consuming messages. For example, the search frequency only from Google Web site attains to 200 millions per day. The quantity of messages within the database of Google Web site attains to 30 millions. The problem of how to let consumers to pay close attention to the retailers’ marketing messages and thus promote their purchasing intentions is an important problem. The purpose of this thesis is to solve the problem by using the factor analysis method to find the factors that influencing consumers’ selections on purchasing messages based on purchasing-messages-sources involvement and purchasing involvement of them, respectively. We consider four different sources of purchasing messages: TV advertisement, members’ delivery mails (DMs) of shopping malls, Web purchasing platform, and Web community site. We sent 300 questionnaires to eight industries and received 255 valid questionnaires.
Empirical analysis results showed that based on the purchasing-messages-sources involvement, the factors influencing consumers to select purchasing messages can be divided into the following cases: (1) if consumers involve TV advertisement regardless the degree of involvement, they all consider purchasing risk, the convenience of taking products, and product quality. When the degree of involvement is high, they also consider whether the purchasing messages are charming. (2) If consumers involve members’ DMs of shopping malls regardless the degree of involvement, the factors they consider are the same as those considered by the consumers involving the TV advertisement. (3) If consumers involve Web purchasing platform regardless the degree of involvement, they all consider the convenience of taking products, and product quality. When the degree of involvement is high, they also consider whether the purchasing messages are reliable. When the degree of involvement is low, they also consider purchasing risk and whether the purchasing messages are charming. (4) If consumers involve Web community sites regardless the degree of involvement, the factors they all consider product quality. When the degree of involvement is high, they also consider purchasing risk, the convenience of taking products, satisfaction, and loyalty. However, when the degree of involvement is low, they also consider whether the purchasing messages can let them have the sense of safety. Based on purchasing involvement, the factors influencing consumers to select purchasing messages are purchasing risk, the convenience of taking products and product quality. Only when the consumers’ purchasing involvement via TV advertisement and Web purchasing platform, the consumers also care whether the purchasing messages are charming. This thesis also studies the significances of the influences of demographic variables on purchasing-messages-sources involvement and purchasing involvement, respectively; and the significances of the influences of each type of involvement on the factors influencing consumers’ selections on purchasing messages by using regression analysis.
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Lin, Shun-Hsiang, and 林舜翔. "The Impact of Purchasing and Supply Management’s Perceived Value on Purchasing Performance." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/73984869941053040701.
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碩士<br>朝陽科技大學<br>會計所<br>96<br>Business organizations make every effort to improve quality, reduce cost, and shorten delivery time in order to create their competitive advantages. For manufacturers, the lower purchasing cost is their first consideration for achieving the above goals, because it usually costs over half of their all expenditures. And the decrease in the purchasing cost results in the increase of gross margin. Because purchases from supplier organization are the largest single expenditure from most firms, management’s ability to control cost is critical to the organization’s financial success (Nelson, Moody, and Stenger, 2001).
This study extends Zsidisin, Ellram and Ogdens’ study in 2003. They emphasize the importance of Purchasing and Supply Management (PSM) and the relationship between PSM and strategic cost management. This study tries to explore the performance on purchasing by measuring the PSM’s perceived value and strategic cost management. Also, the study explores the relationship between PSM’s perceived value and its performance.
This study uses total ownership cost, target costing, and value analysis as variables to measure the impact of PSM on performance in the purchasing department and the influence of PSM’s perceived value on its performance. The study uses questionnaires to collect data from business at purchasing department.
This study finds the higher of PSM’s perceived value, the more activities in strategic cost management, and the more activities in strategic cost management, the increases in purchasing performance. Besides, the higher of PSM’s perceived value, the increases in its performance as well.
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Lin, Yung-Chu, and 林勇助. "Mining Sustained-Purchasing Customers." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26811505939719583481.
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碩士<br>國立雲林科技大學<br>資訊管理系碩士班<br>90<br>The traditional marketing practices were in “broadcasting” way, and advertised through mass media, such as bulletins or mails. Today, it has changed dramatically, marketing practices are now based on customers’ behaviors in order to minimize the expenses, and maximize the profits. A lot of researches have focused on discovering customers’ patterns and the relationships among the sold products. But few focused on the sustained-purchasing behavior, that’s where we are interested. We propose the “sustained-purchasing customer mining algorithm” based on RFM. Through historical transaction data, we can mine the sustained-purchasing customers, and provide marketing personnel a customer list for any individual product. It can support marketing decision-making and enhance customer relationship management. RFM is a scientific and quantitative method, which is mostly used in measuring a customer’s loyalty and contribution. The more loyalty and contribution customers are, the more probability they will buy next time. Consequently, we use RFM as an index to predict the sustained-purchasing behavior. We propose an objective Dynamic RFM definition to be suitable to various products, which derives the product’s average sales cycle, customer’s average purchasing frequency and customer’s average purchasing amount through historical data to be the benchmarks of R, F and M. Then we calculate the difference between each customer and the population to evaluate the differences among customers. In the other words, we find the sustained-purchasing customers based on the disparities between the customer and the population.
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Wu, Shu-Yin, and 吳淑銀. "The relationship of human capital, knowledge sharing will, purchasing ability and purchasing performance : purchasing clerk in the hospital as an example." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8858x8.
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碩士<br>國立中山大學<br>人力資源管理研究所<br>96<br>The environment of medical industry in Taiwan is unprecedented rigorous. Except the finance pressure of medical expense billing and the increasing demand of the quality of medical service, recently due to the change of government health insurance policy, each medical organization strives for the rare resource and limited customer, not only start changing the type of the medical service, but also emphasis on improving the function of hospital management and controlling the cost. Formerly, purchasing simply means buying goods; but now, for the rigorous medical management environment and the rapid pace of innovation, purchasing clerk is required constant skill upgrading, such as leasing, loaning, BOT and outsourcing by contract, to obtain the use of goods and to satisfy the aim of demand. Additionally, the way to obtain the operation or ownership of goods is different from the former way. Contributed to the change, it presents its importance in business management. So, this research wants to investigate the relationship of human capital, knowledge sharing will, purchasing ability and purchasing performance.
We applied exploratory and confirmatory analysis to investigate the relationship involved. The samples were purchasing clerks of hospital, including medical centers, regional hospitals and area hospitals. Out of 400 questionnaires were sent, the valid questionnaires returned were 114. Factor analysis , variable analysis, regression analysis were used to process the data acquired. The major findings of the research are summarized as follows: (1) the human capital of purchasing clerk is positive effect to purchasing ability and purchasing performance. (2) knowledge sharing will is positive effect to purchasing ability and purchasing performance (3)purchasing ability is positive effect to purchasing performance (4) purchasing ability has the mediate effect among human capital and knowledge sharing will with purchasing performance.
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Hsu, Ya-Ting, and 許雅婷. "A Study of the Relationship among Lifestyles, Purchasing Motivation and Purchasing Decision – Take Primary School Teachers Purchasing Child books as Example." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8z68e3.
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碩士<br>義守大學<br>管理碩博士班<br>102<br>The study sample of primary school teachers purchasing child books as objects, to explore the relationship among lifestyles, purchasing motivation and purchasing decision; Therefore, the aim of this study is : to understand the current situation in purchasing motivation and purchasing decision of primary school teachers with different lifestyles. To analysis of the difference in purchasing motivation of different population statistics variables of primary school teachers and explore the difference in purchasing decision of different population statistics variables of primary school teachers. And to explore the relationship between different lifestyles and purchasing motivation in primary school teachers purchasing child books.
This study adopted convenience sampling. A total of 340 questionnaires were distributed, 304 copies were returned, and 11 invalid copies were excluded. There were totally 293 valid copies, and valid returning rate was 86%.
Using hierarchical regression analysis, obtained the following empirical results:
1. Lifestyles and purchasing motivation will show partly significant effect.
2. Lifestyles and purchasing decision will show partly significant effect.
3. Purchasing motivation and purchasing decision will show partly significant effect.
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Sun, Hsien-Chun, and 孫先軍. "The impact of share purchasing modes and ratios on main purchasing companies’ performance." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99654e.
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碩士<br>中原大學<br>國際貿易研究所<br>98<br>Abstract
Former researches on enterprise's mergers and acquisitions are mostly using the method of event study to evaluate the performance of the merge and acquisition. What makes this research different from them falls on that this paper adopts the ways and rates of the stock purchases. That is to say, we analyze how the rate and the way of the stock purchases of a main purchasing company affect the operation performance of the company.
This study suggests that the stocks of a target company held by the main purchasing company are similar to holding the operation competence of the target company. Focusing on the ways of stock sharing, this paper split it into three behaviors. They are the behavior of merging, that of acquisition and that of repurchasing. Each method would lead to different stocks holding ratio which means different operation authority of the target company. Then, the paper measures a company’s performance by the five indexes of shareholders' return, return on assets, accounts receivable turnover ratio and return on equity before tax in the revenue and financial statements of each stock holding ratio to represent the indexes of the operation performance of the company. The data of stock acquisition come from global merge and acquisition data base. The data of company revenue and financial statement come from the accounts' financial statement of the public data observation from Taiwan.
Empirical results from ordinary lease squares method show that different ways of stock purchasing would lead to different results to the indexes of the main purchasing company's revenue and financial statement. Besides, when the main purchasing company merge and acquire the target company, different ratio of stock purchasing would also bring difference to the performance of the target company. If the main purchasing company holds more stocks of the target company, then the performance of the main purchasing company would be better. This also explains if the main purchasing company can acquire more management authority of the target company, then the main purchasing company can take more resources from the target company and hence perform better.
Keywords: M&A, Shareholding ratio, Repurchase Performance, Performance
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Yang, Chih-Hung, and 楊志鴻. "The Effects of Price Promotion on Purchasing Intention:Impulse Purchasing Consumers Type as Moderators." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/00560649624762082004.
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碩士<br>中國文化大學<br>企業實務管理數位學習碩士在職專班<br>101<br>In recent years, many convenience stores have joined the coffee war, competition has become even more intense. The industry attracts consumers with a variety of marketing tactics. In the current market, due to the promotion battle, various convenience stores have launched similar discount rate. Consumers at different convenience stores but feel almost the same price promotions.
The study divided into monetary and non-monetary of scenarios. Through regression analysis trying to understand whether price promotions will attract consumers and increase purchase intention. To explore the impulse buying consumers between price promotion with purchase intention relationship.
The results showed: 1. Prices promotion influences consumers purchase intention. 2. Types of impulse buying consumer influences consumers purchase intention. 3. Under the interference of impulse buying consumers, price promotions not influence consumers purchase intention. 4. Female or below 20 years old or below high school/vocational high school, those impulse buying trait with influence.
Key Words: price promotion, impulse consumer trait, purchase intention.
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CHAN, YU-TING, and 詹育庭. "Research on the Purchasing Motivation and Purchasing Behavior of Web Celebrity Recommended Products." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/62p85h.
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碩士<br>中華大學<br>企業管理學系<br>107<br>After the rise of the Internet, the Internet has gradually become a new channel for advertising, and gradually replaced the traditional print advertising. In keeping with the old concept of blog marketing, web celebrity USES its online platform to recommend products to its fans or share tips on how to use them. The purpose of this study is to understand which method of web celebrity recommended products will arouse consumers' purchasing desire and then choose to buy the recommended products.
In this study, a total of 200 questionnaires were issued by online questionnaires and physical questionnaires, 170 of which were effectively recovered, with the recovery rate reaching 85%. This study found that the main reason to watch web celebrity recommended products and arouse the desire to buy is that the video is interesting, and the most products purchased are beauty products and snacks, and the main motivation to buy products is to shop online because of the curiosity and taste of products. It is suggested that manufacturers or web celebrity can conduct target marketing according to the main consumer groups described in the statistical results to improve the sales results.
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"A gold and silver exchange society without silver : the case of Hong Kong." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1985. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5885507.
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