Academic literature on the topic 'Purification degree'
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Journal articles on the topic "Purification degree"
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Lubomyr, Chelyadyn, Kostyshyn Volodymyr, Chelyadyn Volodymyr, Romanyshyn Taras, and Vasechko Valentin. "WASTEWATER PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY BY TWOSTAGE TREATMENT IN ELECTRICAL DEVICE OF A COMPACT LOCAL INSTALLATION." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 3, no. 10 (105) (2020): 63–70. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2020.206815.
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Wastewater generated at industrial and communal facilities is treated within the limits of permissible values established by law. The drains of transport and tourism infrastructure in most cases are cleared with local treatment facilities. For wastewater purification, the biological method is most often used, which is implemented on complex and bulky wastewater purification plants located in large areas. It is proposed to carry out wastewater purification from small objects locally using physical and electrochemical technology with compact equipment. A design of a device for treating wastewater with cylindrical electrodes located coaxially with the device casing has been developed. It is shown that at the first stage of municipal wastewater purification in a laboratory setup with the appropriate parameters (plane tilt angle in a thin-layer sedimentation tank=45° and voltage on the 1st electric device with a soluble anode=12 V), the purification degree from weighted to 95 is ensured, 8 %. The purification of municipal wastewater in the second stage of purification (the 2nd electric device with an inert anode at 10 V and filtering through the clinoptilolite zeolite layer) increases the purification degree from suspended to 96.1 %. Wastewater purification of a car wash in the first electric device in front of a thin-layer sedimentation tank and in the 2nd electric device with an inert anode at a voltage of 10 V and filtering through a layer of clinoptilolite zeolite increases the degree of their purification from oil products to 95.6 %. The technology with the participation of developed electrical appliances leads to an increase in the degree of wastewater purification in terms of COD to 97.0 %. which allows to reduce the pollution discharge into the environment at the level of 50–70 %
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Liu, Ke Guo, Li Li Gu, Hui Guang Hu, Rong Yang, and Jun Tao. "Application of Additives in 1,8-Cineole Purification." Advanced Materials Research 634-638 (January 2013): 382–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.634-638.382.
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The experimental studies for purification of 1,8-cineole by vacuum batch distillation as well as the application of additives in 1,8-cineole purification were carried out. There were two steps during the purification. In the first step, experimental results showed that the optimal operation conditions for purification of 1,8-cineole were the temperature of the reboiler at about 320.15 K under a certain vacuum degree. In the second step, the optimal operation temperature of the reboiler was 331.15 K. The optimal reflux ratio was generated finally. Vacuum degree was controlled between 1.1 kPa and 1.3 kPa.
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Helesh, Andriy, Petro Mudrynets, Yaroslav Kalymon, Diana Kindzera, and Vira Hnativ. "Establishment of technologically feasible modes of electrocoagulation purification of wastewater from nickel ions." Technology audit and production reserves 2, no. 3(70) (2023): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/2706-5448.2023.278006.
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The object of research is the technology of electrochemical purification of wastewater from heavy metal ions. The work, in particular, is devoted to the purification of effluents with a low concentration of the Nickel ion. The main task of the experimental research was to select the material of the electrodes and the mode of electrochemical dissolution of the anodes, under which the efficiency of wastewater purification will be maximum, as well as to confirm the practical possibility of deep purification of the specified wastewater to the standards that correspond to the maximum permissible concentrations (MPCNi=0.5 mg/dm3). It was established that in the process of electrocoagulation wastewater purification there is an induction period (10 min), during which the coagulant accumulates in the electrolyzer and the degree of purification increases sharply. As a result of an increase in the current density from 10 A/m2 to 20 A/m2, the degree of purification on iron electrodes increased from 60 to 84% for a process duration of 20 minutes. This is explained by the intensification of the anodic dissolution of the metal and the increase in the concentration of Fe(OH)3. Increasing the current density to 30 A/m2 practically does not affect the degree of purification, which is explained by the phenomenon of polarization of the anodes and is confirmed by the increase in the process voltage from 2.40 V (10 A/m2) to 12.59 V (30 A/m2). Therefore, it is impractical to increase the current density in the future. For iron anodes, it was not possible to achieve the required degree of purification (≥98.3 %), the maximum degree of purification did not exceed 85 %, and the content of Ni2+ ions in purified water exceeds the MPC by an order of magnitude. It was experimentally established that it is advisable to use aluminum electrodes for the process of electrocoagulation purification of wastewater from Nickel ions. At a current density of 20 A/m 2 and process duration of 40 minutes, the concentration of Ni2+ ions did not exceed the MPC of Ni. When using aluminum electrodes, an increase in the current density from 15 A/m2 to 20 A/m2 does not lead to polarization of the electrodes, and the process in both cases takes place at a steady state at a voltage of ~6.7 V. The technologically appropriate operating mode of the electrolyzer is chosen: aluminum electrodes at an anodic current density 20 A/m2 and the duration of the purification process – ≥40 min. The obtained results can find practical use in the design of waste water purification systems of galvanic industries.
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Dali, Ioseliani, Kalabegashvili Neli, Balarjishvili Gulnara, Samkharadze Liana, and Nonikashvili Nino. "Water purification from zinc ions using expanded perlite." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 19, no. 1 (2023): 214–20. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10218121.
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Adsorptive capacities of expanded perlite, prepared on the basis of natural mineral of Georgia – perlite, in the process of aqueous solution purification from Zn (II) ions, have been first studied in the work. The dependencies of adsorption degree and volume capacity on adsorbent dosage, contact time, adsorbate concentration and pH of solution medium have been studied. Experiments have been conducted under dynamic conditions.Optimum conditions of Zn(II) ion adsorption have been established. Maximal efficiency of adsorption degree under these conditions was equal to 93,6, while volume capacity – 3,7 mg/g.
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Vashkurak, Uliana, Liliya Shevchuk, Ivan Aftanaziv, and Anna Romaniv. "The effect of ultrasound on the treatment of domestic wastewater from organic and biological contamination." French-Ukrainian Journal of Chemistry 8, no. 1 (2020): 125–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/fujcv8i1p125-132.
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The effectiveness of the uses of ultrasonic cavitation for wastewater treatment has been investigated. The influence of the gases of different nature (nitrogen, oxygen, air, mixture of nitrogen and oxygen gases in the ratio of 1:1) on the destruction of organic and biological contaminants has been carried out. It is confirmed that ultrasound cavitation increases the purification effect of gases. It is established that the deepest purification from organic contaminants was achieved by the common action of air with ultrasound, the degree of water purification from organic compounds being 80% and from biological contaminants – by the common action of nitrogen with ultrasound – the degree of water purification from biological compounds being 99,5%. The effective rate constant was calculated.
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Le, Qi Chi, Zhi Qiang Zhang, Jian Zhong Cui, and Shou Wei Chang. "Study on the Filtering Purification of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.754.
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High quality magnesium casting depends significantly on the purification of its alloy melt. However, it is very difficult to obtain high-quality magnesium alloy melt due to its high reactivity and its tendency of combustion. The fluxing processing, a traditional purification method for magnesium melt, not only bears the risk of flux inclusions but also is facing more and more environmental pressure today. Therefore, the effective substitutes for fluxing processing, such as physical filtering method, are paid more attention recently. In this paper, the effects of technological conditions including the pore size of stainless steel mesh and the filtering temperature on the purification degree of AZ91 alloy melt were investigated in the mesh filtering processing, in which 2 wt.% calcium was added into the melt in order to obtaining ignition-proof property. The results indicated that mesh filtering processing could improve the purification degree markedly, and the purification degree increased with the increase of filtering temperature properly or the decreased of pore size of mesh. However, too high filtering temperature would lead to the increasing of the tendency of oxidation and combustion, and too small pore size would decrease the filtering ability of mesh which would lead to the interrupting of purification operation.
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Litvinov, V. V., N. A. Strunnikova, G. K. Daumova, N. V. Seraya, O. Mutere, and S. S. Utin. "OPTIMAL CONDITIONS FOR LIME TREATMENT OF MINE WASTEWATER FROM POLYMETALLIC ORE MINES." Bulletin D. Serikbayev of EKTU, no. 1 (March 2024): 179–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.51885/1561-4212_2024_1_179.
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Mine waters of polymetallic mines are multicomponent systems containing ions of heavy non-ferrous metals, calcium, magnesium, iron, ammonium, as well as chlorides, sulfates, fluorides and other components in a wide range of concentrations. As a rule, water purification of this type is carried out by the lime method, which provides a fairly high degree of extraction of the most toxic pollutants (metals), with relatively small material costs. Taking into account the large volume, complexity and variation of the composition of mine waters, the tasks of optimizing reagent consumption, methods of its supply and effective control of the purification process still do not lose their relevance. The article presents the results of laboratory studies to determine the optimal conditions for processing model solutions that provide the maximum degree of purification for specific conditions of the Irtysh mine (East Kazakhstan). Experimental data obtained on model solutions are confirmed by the results of purification of real mine waste water. The results of experiments with mine water confirmed that the selected pH region of 9.5–10.5 can be accepted as optimal, which will allow achieving a high degree of purification of mine water.
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Xiao, Li, Wei Zhang, Yidong Huang, and Jiangde Peng. "Polarization entanglement purification using the temporal degree of freedom." Physics Letters A 372, no. 40 (2008): 6130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physleta.2008.08.018.
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Krutau, A. V., M. M. Dechko, and M. A. Boika. "Optimization of Wastewater Treatment Process on Energy Costs at Truck and Tractor Washing Posts." Science & Technique 18, no. 5 (2019): 436–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/2227-1031-2019-18-5-436-442.
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The paper considers a process pertaining to purification of oily effluents while using electrocoagulation, electro-flotation and an electromagnetic hydro-cyclone, implemented with the help of a laboratory unit (Patent of the Republic of Belarus for the invention No 21229). The investigations have been carried out with the purpose to optimize specific energy consumption for the process of cleaning fuel and lubricants effluents. The following investigation methods have been applied – a literature review, a comparative analysis, an experiment execution, a mathematical modeling. Content of oil products in wastewater before and after treatment has been evaluated in the analytical laboratory of the Belarusian State Agrarian Technical University in accordance with standard methods. Purification of the oily effluents has been made with the help of a laboratory unit while using electroflotocoagulation method with removal of floated sludge in an electromagnetic hydrocyclone. This cleaning method makes it possible to increase a degree of water disinfection, provides a closed water supply, rational use of water resources, reduction of harmful effects of pollutants on the environment. An experimental design technique has been worked out and a three-level Box – Behnken design has been implemented in the paper. The problem concerning optimization of the purification process on energy costs has been solved without worsening the required concentration indices of petroleum products in water after treatment . Mathematical models have been obtained and optimal purification modes have been determined at the lowest specific energy costs and with sufficiently high degree of purification. Significance of regression coefficients has been estimated by Student criterion. It has been established that while using the proposed unit it is possible to obtain a degree of wastewater purification at automotive equipment washing stations with its performance G = 0.7 l/s, current density j = 150 A/m2. The degree of purification, determined by ratio of pollutant concentrations before and after purification, is up to 99.9 %. The results can be used in implementation of microprocessor control of cleaning mode while taking an initial concentration of pollution, unit capability, current density of an electroflotocoagulator as control action factors.
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Glushchenko, Andrey, Denis Molochnikov, Alexei Khokhlov, Evgeniy Proshkin, and Ilnar Gayaziev. "On the issue of the installation of the purification degree dependence of polluted spent mineral oil on the hydrocyclone constructive and geometrical parameters." BIO Web of Conferences 17 (2020): 00018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20201700018.
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The urgency of the issue is reasoned by the necessity to develop environmentally friendly technologies and engineering tools for cleaning emerged mineral oil from insoluble impurities in order to reuse them in the nodes and auto-tractor equipment systems. Hydrocyclone is one of the simplest and most effective means of cleaning waste oil. In order to determine the possibility of hydrocyclone usage in technological lines for purifying oils, it is necessary to establish the influence of its geometrical parameters on the purification quality of such high-viscosity liquid as emerged mineral oils. The purpose of the article is to study theoretically the cylindro-conical hydrocyclone geometrical parameters influence on the purification degree of emerged high-viscosity mineral oils from insoluble and wear debris. The leading approach to the study of this problem is the consideration of the behavior of a non-soluble particle in an oil stream under the influence of forces acting on it, which allows identifying the geometric and regime parameters of a cylindro-conical hydrocyclon. These parameters have the greatest influence on the oil purification degree. The article presents a theoretical justification for the geometrical parameters influence of a cylindrical-conical hydrocyclone on the emerged oil purification degree, a separation criterion, which allows not only determining the optimal size of a hydrocyclone, but also conducting a comparative assessment of hydrocyclones with different geometric parameters by oil purification efficiency from insolubles. Theoretical researches are aimed at determining the cylindro-conical hydrocyclone geometric parameters, depending on the pollution intensity of the emerged mineral oil and the desired degree of its purification from insolubles.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Purification degree"
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Bettess, Michael David. "Purification, identification and characterisation of signals directing embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation : a thesis submitted to the University of Adelaide for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy." Title page, contents and abstract only, 2001. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phb5644.pdf.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-168) Aim was the purification and identification of the early primitive ectoderm-like (EPL) cell induction signals within the medium conditioned by the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and the localisation of the signals that induce EPL cell and primitive ectoderm formation.
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Moon, Bok Hee. "A study of the activity and characteristics of superoxide dismutase in the male reproductive parts of Petunia : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Plant Biotechnology in the School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury /." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Biological Sciences, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1326.
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In the stamen (male reproductive tissue) of petunia 'Hurrah' flowers, the occurrence of SOD (superoxide dismutase) provided an effective anti-oxidative mechanism against superoxide production. Superoxide production and SOD activities at five developmental stages showed a positive correlation. The highest superoxide production and SOD activity in different parts of the stamen (anther, filament and pollen) were at stages with high metabolic activity: (i) during growing buds (in anthers and filaments) (ii) when flowers with predehiscent anthers were fully open (in pollen). In all parts of the stamen, SOD activity was the lowest at stage five (fully open flowers with dehiscent anthers), superoxide production was also lower at this stage with the exception of the pollen. The highest SOD activity was localized in anthers with the pollen, suggesting that the filaments only have a structural support function. SOD was examined on a native PAGE with regard to the isozymes present within the stamen of five developmental stages. Three isozymes, which were identified as Mn SOD, Fe SOD and Cu/Zn SOD by reactions with inhibitors, were commonly found at five developmental stages in crude extracts of anthers, filaments and pollen. The developmental stages with stronger isozyme bands on the native PAGE were consistent with the stages with higher SOD activities, and the Mn SOD and Fe SOD isozyme bands were more intense than Cu/Zn SOD bands, suggesting the activities of Mn SOD and Fe SOD in the crude extracts were much higher than Cu/Zn SOD. SOD from 1,000 stamens of dehiscent mature flowers was partially purified using ammonium sulphate fractionation and DEAE cellulose column chromatography. The purified bound fraction contained only one SOD isozyme on a native PAGE, which was shown to be a Mn SOD, as it is sensitive to neither hydrogen peroxide nor cyanide. The specific activity of the purified SOD was 66.5 U/mg and the yield of total activity was 3.0%. The progress of enzyme purification was monitored using SDS-PAGE and the bound fraction contained two major polypeptide bands. The purified enzyme activity was optimal in the range of neutral pH, but it was the highest at pH 7.8. Through incubation at various pH levels for 24 hours, favourable stability of the purified fraction was confirmed around a pH range of 7 to 8.5. The purified enzyme retained 87% of its initial activity at -20 ? after one month of storage, but at 4 ? only 38% of the initial activity remained after the same period of storage.
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Hendricks, Ashley Alfred. "Isolation and characterisation of lipolytic bacteria and investigation of their ability to degrade fats, oils and grease in grain distillery wastewater." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97059.
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Thesis (MSc Food Sc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The large volumes of effluent water generated by distillery industries is an issue of
great concern as it contains pollutants that must be treated according to environmental
legislation. It has been reported that grain distillery wastewater (GDWW) is high in fats, oils
and greases (FOG) that can be reduced by treating with suitable microorganisms. The
objective of this study was to investigate the biodegradability of FOG in GDWW. This was
done by isolating lipolytic bacteria from soil, which was situated close to the GDWW
treatment plant at a distillery in Wellington, South Africa. These isolates were screened for
lipolytic activity on various fat substrates. Secondly, the most desirable isolates were
subjected to batch biodegradation trials using GDWW as substrate and tested for their
ability to biodegrade FOG. Each of the four isolates, Pseudomonas fluorescens (1),
Pseudomonas luteola (2), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3) and Bacillus licheniformis (4)
were screened on three types of media: DifcoTM Spirit Blue Agar with Tributyrin (SBA-Tri);
Victoria Blue B Agar with Cotton Seed Oil (VBB-CSO); and Victoria Blue B Agar with
GDWW (VBB-GDWW) at different temperatures (25°C, 30°C, 37°C and 50°C) to
determine optimal enzyme activity for lipolysis. Lipolysis was taken as positive when
growth of dark blue colonies was formed or by the formation of a clear zone around the
colony. Lipolysis was observed at all the aforementioned temperatures for P. fluorescens,
P. luteola and S. maltophilia. Bacillus licheniformis failed to show any lipolytic activity at
50°C on the SBA-Tri. A decrease in lipolytic (clear) zone was observed at an increase in
temperature from 25°C to 37°C for P. fluorescens. When VBB-GDWW was used as lipid
substrate, isolates failed to indicate any clear zone of lipolysis, however, growth was
present for all isolates in the form of a dark blue zone around colonies, which were also
positive for lipolytic activity.
Three lipolytic bacteria (P. luteola, S. maltophilia, and B. licheniformis)
isolated from the above study were subjected to GDWW of various FOG concentrations
(70 – 211 mg.L-1). These isolates were allowed to acclimatise to GDWW during a batch
biodegradation period (18 – 21 d) at 37°C. Bacillus licheniformis showed the highest FOG
reduction of 83% after 18 d exposure. All the strains showed that an initial acclimatisation
phase improved the biodegradation of the FOG. A fatty acid profile was obtained for each
batch biodegradation trial after the acclimatisation phase. It was found that these strains
either biodegraded the fatty acids (FAs) or, as in the case of P. luteola, formed myristic
and pentadecyclic acids from free FAs. The formation of FAs may have occurred through a process of inter-esterification. It was also found that certain precursors such as palmitoleic
acid might be formed under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.
In this study it was shown that biodegradation of FOG can be improved by an initial
acclimatisation period. Single cultures with the desirable properties can be used to lower
the FOG in GDWW and need not be used in mixed cultures that could produce inhibitory
components that would otherwise upset the biodegradation activity of isolates present.
Bacillus licheniformis could be used as a FOG-degrading isolate during the treatment of
wastewaters high in FOG. However, future studies should focus on bioaugmenting the
FOG degrading bacteria from this study with other strains to monitor its activity and ensure
survival and activity in larger scale studies.<br>AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die groot volumes afloopwater wat opgelewer word deur die distilleer-industrie is ‘n
kwessie wat groot kommer wek aangesien dit groot hoeveelhede besoedelende stowwe
bevat. Daarom moet dit, volgens omgewingsverwante wetgewing, behandel word. Daar is
voorheen gerapporteer dat graandistillerings-afloopwater (GDAW) hoog is in vette, olies
en ghries (VOG) en dat hierdie VOG verminder kan word deur die GDAW te behandel met
toepaslike mikroörganismes. Die oorhoofse doelstelling van hierdie studie was om die bioafbreekbaarheid
van die VOG in GDAW te ondersoek. Dit is eerstens gedoen deur
lipolitiese bakterieë uit grond wat naby ‘n graandistillerings-aanleg (Wellington, SuidAfrika)
geleë is, te isoleer. Verskeie vetsubstrate is gebruik om hierdie isolate vir lipolitiese
aktiwiteit te toets. Tweedens is die verkose isolate getoets vir lipolitiese aktiwiteit deur
gebruik te maak van lot-bio-afbreekbaarheidsmetode. Tydens hierdie metode is GDAW as
substraat gebruik en die verskillende bakterieë se vermoë om VOG af te breek is getoets.
Om die optimale ensiemaktiwiteit vir lipolise van elk van die vier isolate nl. Pseudomonas
fluorescens (1), Pseudomonas luteola (2), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3) en Bacillus
licheniformis (4), vas te stel, is elk getoets op drie verkillende media: “DifcoTM Spirit Blue
Agar” met Tributirien (SBA-Tri); “Victoria Blue B Agar” met Katoensaadolie (VBB-KSO); en
“Victoria Blue B Agar” met GDAW (VBB-GDAW) teen verskillende temperature (25°C,
30°C, 37°C en 50°C). Indien donker-blou kolonies gevorm is of ‘n deursigbare sone
rondom ‘n kolonie waargeneem is, is lipolise as “positief” beskou. Lipolise is waargeneem
teen alle voorafgenoemde temperature vir P. fluorescens, P. luteola en S. maltophilia.
Bacillus licheniformis het nie lipolitiese aktiwiteit getoon teen 50°C op SBA-Tri. ‘n Afname
in die deursigbare sone is waargeneem teenoor ‘n toename in temperatuur vanaf 25°C tot
37°C vir P. fluorescens. In die geval van VBB-GDAW as lipiedsubstraat, het isolate geen
deursigbare sone vir lipolise getoon nie. Daar was egter ‘n donker-blou sone rondom
kolonies teenwoordig, wat ook positief is vir lipolitiese aktiwiteit.
Drie lipolitiese bakterieë (P. luteola, S. maltophilia, and B. licheniformis) is geïsoleer
uit bogenoemde studie en is aan inkubasie in GDAW teen verksillende VOGkonsentrasies
(70 – 211 mg.L-1) blootgestel. Hierdie isolate is toegelaat om te
akklimatiseer tot die GDAW tydens ‘n lot-bio-afbreekbaarheidstydperk (18 – 21 d) teen
37°C. Bacillus licheniformis het die hoogste VOG-afname van 83% na 18 d blootstelling
getoon. Alle bakterieë het getoon dat ‘n aanvanklike akklimatiserings-tydperk die bioafbreekbaarheid
van die VOG verbeter. ‘n Vetsuur-profiel is verkry vir elk van die lot-bio afbreekbaarheidstoetse na die akklimatiserings-fase. Daar is bevind dat hierdie bakterieë
óf die vetsure afgebreek het óf, soos in die geval van P. luteola, miristiese en
pentadesikliese sure, vanaf vry-vetsure, gevorm het. Die vorming van vetsure is moontlik
as gevolg van die proses van inter-esterifikasie. Dit is verder bevind dat sekere
voorlopers, soos palmitoë-oleïensuur, gevorm kan word onder aërobies of anaërobiese
toestande.
In hierdie studie is getoon dan die bio-afbreekbaarheid van VOG verbeter kan word
deur ‘n aanvanklike akklimatiserings-tydperk toe te pas. Enkel-kulture met die verkose
eienskappe kan gebruik word om die VOG in GDAW te verminder. Gemengde kulture,
wat inhiberende komponente produseer wat moontlik die bio-afbreekbaarheids proses
negatief kan beïnvloed, hoef dus nie gebruik te word nie. Bacillus licheniformis kan
gebruik word as ‘n VOG-afbrekende isolaat tydens die behandeling van afloopwater wat
hoog in VOG is. Verdere studies moet egter fokus op die samevoeging van VOGafbrekende
bakterieë vanuit hierdie studie asook ander bakterieë om die aktiwiteit daarvan
te monitor en sodoende oorlewing en aktiwteit op ‘n groter skaal te verseker.
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Asah, Miranda Kahndi. "Influence of the degree of waste pre-treatment on carbon emissions' production and nature." Thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5868.
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This study was carried out to gain knowledge of the degradation processes in an
anaerobic environment of pre-treated waste for different degrees of pre-treatment and the
evolution of waste pre-treatment by forced aeration. Pre-sorted MSW (MSW) was pretreated
by composting for 16 weeks in a laboratory scale using forced aeration. Oxygen
concentrations were maintained at 15-18% of oxygen in air for the first 8 weeks and 10-15
% for the later 8 weeks. The ambient temperature was kept constantly between of 20-35
QC. Representative samples of waste from the reactor were collected every fortnight
wherein analysis and full characterisation on the solid matter (C/N ratio, TS and VS, R17,
Biogas) and on the eluate (BOO, COD, TOC, TKN, Conductivity, pH, NOx and NH3)) were
conducted.
The process showed a sharp increase in temperature in the first 6 weeks, ranging from 30-
70 QC indicating a period of high biological activity, a decrease from day 30 to day 50 from
70 to 30 QC and a consistent decrease throughout the later days of the process from 35-25
QC. The sharp increase in temperature signifies a period of maximum biological activity,
where readily biodegradable material decomposes as well as some of the resistant
materials pointing out the success and efficiency of the forced aeration process. For the
first 25 days in an anaerobic environment, waste pre-treated for four weeks was the most
active, indicated by a large volume of gas produced. For the MSW pre-treated for 8, 10, 12
and 16 the volume of gas produced remained basically similar throughout the length of the
experiments. CH4 production in an anaerobic reactor shows an increasing trend for all
degrees of stabilisation up to 6 weeks, after that the gas production and quality deceases
and is comparable to the remaining degrees of treatment.
A gradual decrease in concentration of key parameters (organics) analogous to the
European limit in Europa (1998), were observed after 5 weeks pre-treatment. The study
highlighted that the highest efficiency of pre-treatment is achieved in 6 to 8 weeks and,
therefore it is not recommended to prolong the treatment any further.<br>Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2007.
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Murshid, Ebtissam Zakaria. "The effect of pour-through water filtering devices on the fluoride concentration in drinking water thesis submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Master of Science in Pediatric Dentistry ... /." 1995. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68798143.html.
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Le, Platte Geoffrey Ewart. "An evaluation process for optimizing activated-sludge floc-formation a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Doctor of Public Health (Environmental Health Sicences) ... /." 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=ptZBAAAAMAAJ.
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Nkuchia, John. "An evaluation of wastewater reuse benefits a dissertation in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Doctor of Public Health (Environmental Health Sciences and International Health) ... /." 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=m0JBAAAAMAAJ.
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Bettess, Michael David. "Purification, identification and characterisation of signals directing embryonic stem (ES) cell differentiation : a thesis submitted to the University of Adelaide for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy / Michael David Bettess." Thesis, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21731.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 142-168)<br>x, 168 leaves : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm.<br>Aim was the purification and identification of the early primitive ectoderm-like (EPL) cell induction signals within the medium conditioned by the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2 and the localisation of the signals that induce EPL cell and primitive ectoderm formation.<br>Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Molecular Biosciences (Biochemistry), 2001
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De, Silva Karunanayaka Shanaka. "Studies of magnetic filtration techniques to purify potable water and waste water : a project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Engineering (M.E.) in Information and Telecommunications Engineering, Institute of Information Sciences and Technology, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand." 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/770.
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The effects of Electromagnetism on potable water and waste water has been proven in practice but not scientifically proven to the extent that it is accepted by Engineers and Engineering Consultants. The operating principle of magnetic filtration or separation is based on the interaction of electromagnetic fields with the materials under test. Technical water system (TWS) system configuration has been analysed to determine the system characteristics. Three field trials and some laboratory experiments have been reported in this report. Finite element software has been used for the analysis of magnetic field distribution of the TWS system and also for magnetic separation modelling. There is a need to do some more experiments for more convincing and conclusive outcome.
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Somdee, Theerasak. "Biodegradation of cyanobacterial hepatotoxins [Dha[to the power of 7]]MC-LR and MC-LR by natural aquatic bacteria : a thesis submitted for fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Microbiology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Human Health, College of Sciences, Massey University at Wellington, New Zealand." 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10179/1367.
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The aims of this doctoral study were to: isolate naturally occurring bacteria, able to degrade microcystins (MCs), from New Zealand waterbodies; to understand the biological processes of microcystin degradation by bacteria; and to develop small scale biofilm technology for testing the effectiveness of bacteria for microcystin degradation and/or remediation. A significant amount of microcystins were required for biodegradation experiments. A modified method, using DEAE and Strata-X cartridge chromatography, was optimized for purifying microcystin variants from lyophilized bloom samples of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa, collected en masse from Lake Horowhenua. Seven microcystin variants, MC-RR, MC-dMe-RR, MC-YR, MC-LR, [Dha7]MC-LR, MC-FR, and MC-AR were purified by chromatography and then identified by reverse-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV detector (UVD) and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). A mixture of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR, the main microcystin variants present, was used for examining biodegradation of microcystins by degrading bacteria. Three isolates of bacteria—NV-1, NV-2 and NV-3—purified from Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand were capable of degrading [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR. Among these isolates, NV-3 demonstrated the strongest degradative activity and was identified as a member of the genus Sphingomonas. On the basis of 16S rRNA sequencing, and 100% nucleotide sequence homology, it aligned most closely to strain MD-1. Based on the detection of two intermediate by-products (linearized peptides and a tetrapeptide) and the identification of four genes (mlrA, mlrB, mlrC and mlrD), that encode four putative proteins (enzymes) involved in microcystin degradation, it was suggested that the degradation of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR by the Sphingomonas isolate NV-3 occurred by a similar mechanism previously described for Sphingomonas strain MJ-PV (ACM-3962). The bacterium Sphingomonas isolate NV-3 was examined for its ability to inhibit the growth of the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa strain SWCYNO4. It was found that the bacterium did not have any significant affect on the growth of the cyanobacterium, either by means of secretion of bacterial extracellular products or cell-to-cell contact between bacterial and cyanobacterial cells. It was established that Sphingomonas isolate NV-3 was a moderate biofilm former, based on two types of biofilm formation assays, namely, microtiter plate assays and coupon biofilm assays. This was carried out in preparation for using the bacterium in a bioreactor for biodegradation of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR. The bacterium attached most effectively to ceramic, followed by PVC, polystyrene, stainless steel, and finally glass coupons. Biodegradation of MCs by the bacterium, in an internal airlift loop ceramic honeycomb support bioreactor (IAL-CHS bioreactor), was established in batch and continuous-flow experiments. In the batch experiment, NV-3 degraded a combination of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR at an initial concentration of 25 µg/ml at 30 degrees C in 30 hours, whereas in the continuous-flow experiment, NV-3 degraded the same concentration of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR in 36 hours with an hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 8 hours. This study has demonstrated that microcystin-degrading bacteria are present in New Zealand waterbodies and that these bacteria could be used, potentially on a larger scale, for removing microcystins from water.
Books on the topic "Purification degree"
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McCaleb, Rebecca Crosby. Vascular aquatic plant enhancement of biofilms: A dissertation submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Southern Mississippi in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. University Microfilms International, 1990.
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Schure, Edouard. Pythagoras And His Second Degree Of Purification. Kessinger Publishing, LLC, 2010.
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Schure, Edouard. Pythagoras and His Second Degree of Purification. Kessinger Publishing, 2005.
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Ely, Roger Lee. Startup and performance of a gas-permeable-membrane-supported (GPMS) biofilm system using a mixed culture of methylotrophs to degrade methylene chloride, chloroform, and carbon tetrachloride. 1986.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Purification degree"
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Ghodke, Shailesh, and Utkarsh Maheshwari. "Advanced techniques for wastewater purification: fundamentals and applications." In 360-Degree Waste Management, Volume 1. Elsevier, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-90760-6.00010-2.
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Harris, E. L. V. "Concentration of the extract." In Protein Purification Techniques. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636747.003.0010.
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A concentration step is frequently required after a clarified solution of the protein has been obtained, in order to aid subsequent purification steps. This is particularly important when the protein is obtained in culture medium from cells (e.g. bacteria or tissue culture cells). Concentration of the protein solution results in a decreased volume, as well as a higher protein concentration. Clearly a smaller volume of solution is easier to handle in subsequent steps, such as precipitation or loading onto a chromatography column. Higher protein concentration minimize protein losses by non-specific adsorption to container walls or column matrices. In addition many subsequent purification steps require a minimum protein concentration to be effective, for example, precipitation is more efficient at concentrations above 100 μg/ml, whilst for adsorption chromatography (e.g. ion exchange or affinity) the concentration of protein must be greater than the dissociation constant. Concentration is achieved by removal of water and other small molecules: (a) By addition of a dry matrix polymer with pores that are too small to allow entry of the large protein molecules (Section 2). (b) By removal of the small molecules through a semi-permeable membrane which will not allow the large molecules through (i.e. ultrafiltration, Section 3). (c) By removal of water in vacua (i.e. lyophilization, Section 4). Precipitation can also be used to concentrate proteins if the pellet is redissolved in a smaller volume, and in addition often results in some degree of purification of the protein of interest. However, as mentioned above precipitation is more effective if the total protein concentration is above 100 μg/ml (see Section 6). Two-phase aqueous extraction can also be used to concentrate the protein, with an associated degree of purification (see Section 7). This is one of the simplest and quickest methods of concentrating solutions of proteins, requiring minimal apparatus. A dry matrix polymer, such as Sephadex, is added to the protein solution and allowed to absorb the water and other small molecules; the pores within the matrix are too small to allow the protein to be absorbed.
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Wood, S. P., and A. R. Coker. "Purification for crystallography." In Protein purification applications. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199636723.003.0003.
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Abstract In the early days of protein biochemistry, crystallization was often employed as a purification technique and crystallinity was considered an index of purity. Crystallographic studies were focused on a selection of proteins whose principle qualification was their abundance and ease of crystallization. The techniques of protein crystallography have now developed to such a degree that a complete three-dimensional structure analysis may not be a long task. Indeed it is often the production of suitable crystals that is rate limiting for the study of many proteins. High purity of the protein preparation used for crystallization is often one of the most important factors for growing diffraction quality crystals. Many crystallization trials have run into difficulties due to protein preparations which are not as homogeneous as first thought. Even for those proteins that can be purified from very impure mixtures by crystallization, crystal quality improves with each recrystallization as the purity increases. Crystal growing procedures and methods of purification have developed to cope with ever smaller quantities of protein derived from expression systems in bacteria, yeast, fungi, and cultured eukaryotic cells. This has allowed structure investigations of molecules that do not occur in nature or molecules or fragments whose natural abundance is very low. These expression systems often generate particular challenges in purification. The relationship of homogeneity and crystal growth is not well documented in the literature. Reports of successful crystal growth are numerous, but many of the problems encountered are not fully recorded.
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Awais Rouf, Syed, Zahid Usman, Hafiz Tariq Masood, Abdul Mannan Majeed, Mudassira Sarwar, and Waseem Abbas. "Synthesis and Purification of Carbon Nanotubes." In Carbon Nanotubes - Redefining the World of Electronics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.98221.
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In this chapter, we will evaluate the synthesis and purification of carbon nanotubes. Carbon nanotubes are cylindrical molecules that consists of graphene (rolled up of a single-layer carbon atom). A wide variety of synthesis techniques such as arc discharge synthesis, laser ablation of graphite/laser vaporization synthesis method, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), high pressure carbon monoxide synthesis and flame synthesis techniques, have been implemented to grow single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes for technological applications. All of the above methods exploit transition metals, like iron, cobalt, and nickel, as a catalyst. There are number of methods (filtering, chromatography and centrifugation) used to purify the carbon nanotubes, but the degree of purity remained questionable in these methods. In order to enhance the purification extent, alternate techniques such as Gas phase purification, Liquid phase purification and Purification by Intercalation are introduced. Here we will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these purification routes. It will help researchers in selecting appropriate and effective method for synthesis and purification of carbon nanotubes.
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Bunduchi, Elena, Ruslan Borodaev, Viorica Gladchi, and Angela Lis. "Assessment of the redox self-purification system capacity in the Dánceni lake waters polluted with thiols and vitamins." In Redox Processes with Electron and Proton Transfer. Moldova State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59295/prtep2023_16.
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On the example of the waters of Lake Danceni and of some substances from the thiol group (cysteine, glutathione) and pharmaceutical forms of vitamins from the B complex (B 6 , B 9 , B 12 ), in concentrations that model the pollution situation in natural waters, research was carried out to establish the pollutant load that can be accepted by natural waters so that they remove pollution and maintain their self-purification capacity. The self-purification processes were monitored by parameters such as: pH, degree of oxygen saturation, permanganateometric oxidizability, inhibition capacity. Research has shown that the self-purification potential of the natural aquatic system becomes vulnerable to concentrations of thiols of the order of 0.8·10-4 M, and in the case of vitamins, these concentrations are triggering factors of the irreversible "redox toxicity" situation in natural aquatic systems.
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Ganjoo, Richika, Shveta Sharma, Ashish Kumar, and M. M. Arêmou Daouda. "Activated Carbon: Fundamentals, Classification, and Properties." In Activated Carbon. The Royal Society of Chemistry, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/bk9781839169861-00001.
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A class of amorphous carbonaceous materials with large porosity and internal surface area is referred to as “activated carbon,” or AC. Coconut shells, coal, and wood are the basic sources of ACs. Anthracite and bituminous coals have been the main sources of AC until recently, although AC may be made from any carbonaceous material. AC is an extremely effective adsorbent. It may be used to clean, dechlorinate, deodorize, and decolourize both liquid and vapour applications because of its large surface area, pore structure, and high degree of surface reactivity. Since the removal of contaminants requires carbonaceous materials with a high degree of porosity, well-developed surface area, and distinct functional groups, use of ACs is one of the finest methods for eliminating pollutants from aqueous solution and the atmosphere. ACs are also cost-effective adsorbents for a variety of sectors, including water purification, food-grade goods, cosmetics, automotive applications, industrial gas purification, petroleum, and precious metal recovery, mostly for gold. The classification, characteristics, and usage of AC are the main topics of this chapter.
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Constas, Maximos. "“Man Became God to the Degree that God Became Man”." In The Oxford Handbook of Deification. Oxford University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198865179.013.14.
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Abstract The theology of Maximus the Confessor represents the culmination of Greek patristic thought on deification. For Maximus, deification is not only a correlative of the Incarnation, but also the fundamental theme uniting his cosmology, anthropology, liturgy, ecclesiology, and eschatology. Building on the work of his predecessors, the Confessor develops a systematic principle (known as the tantum-quantum) of reciprocity between God and man, which he uses to express a range of often striking formulations. In addition to being an ontological condition, deification is also a process of transformation. Maximus describes this process through the traditional three stages of spiritual progress, with emphasis on purification, the contemplation of nature and scripture, and experience of ecstasy in which the self is caught up into a divine mode of existence.
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Henderson, Christopher E., Evelyne Bloch-Gallego, and William Camu. "Purified embryonic motoneurons." In Neural Cell Culture. Oxford University PressOxford, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199634859.003.0006.
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Abstract Spinal motoneurons have been the object of much study using in vivo models, but their detailed study in vitro has been hindered by the cellular complexity of the spinal cord and the consequent difficulties in reproducibly obtaining pure motoneurons in culture. Since the 1970s different methods have been developed for their enrichment, identification, and/or purification. These methods are based on three major properties of the motoneuron: its localization in the ventral spinal cord, its relatively large size, and the fact that its axon projects to the limb bud from early stages (for a more complete review, see ref. 1). Each method has its special advantages and drawbacks: in general, those methods that give a high degree of purification have relatively low yields. Depending on the experiments to be performed, one method may be preferred to another.
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Blanks, Robert, and Larry W. Mclaughlin. "Oligodeoxynucleotides For Affinity Chromatography." In Oligonucleotides and Analogues. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199632800.003.0010.
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Abstract A number of proteins such as polymerases, repressor proteins, transcription factors, and restriction and modification enzymes, bind to their recognition or initiation sites with relatively low dissociation constants (10-10 M) and exhibit a high degree of nucleic acid sequence specificity. Specific binding between a protein and a small molecule is commonly used for the affinity purification of proteins. In these procedures, the specific ligand or substrate analogue is covalently attached to an insoluble chromatographic matrix in such a manner as to facilitate interaction of the ligand with the protein. After introduction of the protein mixture to the matrix, only those proteins which bind effectively to the attached ligand arc retained, and thus separated from the mixture introduced to the matrix.
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Kilic, Tugba. "Extraction of Bioactive Peptides from Whey Proteins by Conventional and Novel Technologies." In Milk Proteins - Technological Innovations, Nutrition, Sustainability and Novel Applications [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1005645.
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Bioactive peptides show physiological properties in systems such as digestive, cardiovascular, and vascular. Bioactive compounds are found in animal and plant proteins. However, peptides obtained from milk proteins have better biological activity in terms of amino acid composition and sequence. It is important to industrially evaluate bioactive peptides after proper extraction, purification, and identification. There are conventional (enzymatic hydrolyzation and fermentation) and novel methods (ohmic heating, ultrasound and microwave) for the extraction of bioactive peptides. Novel extraction methods increase the degree of hydrolysis of peptides, making them more efficient, and peptides with high activity are obtained. The extraction method of bioactive peptides to be extracted from whey is important, and the method to be chosen must be evaluated in all its aspects. This chapter includes literature data on the importance of whey proteins, bioactive peptides, and extraction methods of bioactive peptides from whey.
Conference papers on the topic "Purification degree"
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Sharp, W. B. A. "Protection of Control Equipment from Atmospheric Corrosion." In CORROSION 1990. NACE International, 1990. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1990-90392.
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Abstract Field studies of the effects of temperature and relative humidity on the corrosion of copper indicate that the air conditioning of enclosed air spaces raises corrosion rates by raising relative humidities. If cooling must be applied to maintain the temperature of control equipment within the design range, a relative humidity control system should be installed that independently removes moisture from the air. Tests of the effects of corrosive gases entering control rooms on operator clothing indicate that replenishment of the gases is required to cause significant corrosion. For this reason, pressurized air-purification systems are inherently more efficient than recirculation systems. Since accepted methods for extrapolating corrosion rates from brief coupon tests (30 days or less) do not predict the amount of corrosion after one year with any degree of accuracy, a standard 90-day test period is recommended for monitoring atmospheric corrosivity in control rooms. A step-by-step action plan is described for reducing atmospheric corrosivity in control rooms built before the sensitivity of control equipment to low levels of corrosives in process plant environments was realized.
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Vel�zquez-S�mano, Tadeo E., Heriberto Alcocer-Garc�a, Eduardo S�nchez-Ram�rez, Carlos R. Caceres-Barrera, and Juan G. Segovia-Hern�ndez. "Analysis of Control Properties as a Sustainability Indicator in Intensified Processes for Levulinic Acid Purification." In The 35th European Symposium on Computer Aided Process Engineering. PSE Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69997/sct.104729.
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The evaluation of control properties in industrial processes is essential to achieve sustainability, a very relevant topic today. This study emphasizes the importance of control studies to ensure that processes are efficient, operable and safe. While strategies such as process intensification can reduce the size, cost, and consumption of energy, it can present challenges in control and operability. This work focuses on the evaluation of the control properties of schemes with different degrees of intensification for the purification of levulinic acid, with the aim of identifying designs with the best control properties and the best economic and environmental indicators. The schemes were designed under a systematic synthesis strategy and optimized using the hybrid method of differential evolution with a tabu list, considering the total annual cost and Eco-indicator 99. An open-loop study analyzed the relationship between manipulable variables and output variables using total condition number, sensitivity index, and relative gain matrix analysis. The dynamic behavior in a closed loop was subsequently analyzed using the minimization of the absolute error integral as a criterion. The results showed that the design, which includes a liquid-liquid extraction column, three distillation columns, and thermal coupling, presented the best dynamic performance. This design had a low total condition number, a below-average sensitivity index, a stable control structure, and low values of the absolute error integral. In addition, it stood out for its excellent cost and environmental impact indicators, which makes it the most favorable option among the proposed designs.
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Hussain, Shahir, and S. S. Islam. "Study the degree of purification of single wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs)." In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON RECENT TRENDS IN APPLIED PHYSICS AND MATERIAL SCIENCE: RAM 2013. AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4810707.
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Ipatov, Dmitrii Olegovich, Vasilii Evgenevich Shatunov, Evgenia Vladimirovna Somkina, et al. "ESTIMATION OF THE DEGREE OF BORON PURIFICATION FROM IRON IMPURITIES USING THE SPECTROPHOTOMETRY METHOD." In Молодежь в науке. ФГУП «Российский федеральный ядерный центр – Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной физики», 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53403/9785951505200_466.
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Karges, H. E., G. Zettlemeiβl, H. Naumann, U. Eberhard, and M. Bröker. "PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GENTECHNOLOGICALLY PREPARED ANTITHROMBIN III." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643684.
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Isolation and purification of antithrombin III (AT III) by affinity chromatography on immobilized heparin is a standard method for the large scale preparation of this protein from human or animal plasma. Hence, after AT III became available by gentechnological methods, we tried to adapt this procedure for the isolation of AT III from supernatants of mammalian- and yeast-cells. Indeed, it was possible to use this method also for the isolation of the recombinant gene products. Since, however, the cell growth media contain heterologous protein or peptide mixtures like fetal calf serum, the method had to be improved to avoid the adsorption of non human proteins or peptides. We are now able to purify AT III from CHO-cell-superna-tants to more than 95 % purity. The characterization of this AT III-product by double immuno diffusion revealed that it is immunologically totally identical with the authentic material from plasma. AT III antigen content, progressive inhibitor activity and heparin cofactor activity compare very well in the final product; hence, it is totally active compared to AT III from plasma.In polyacrylamidegel electrophoresis most of the material migrated differently to the authentic material showing 9 bands in equal distance to each other, instead four in the At III from plasma. After degradation with sialinidase from both AT III preparations identical cleavage products were obtained migrating predominantly as a single band. Hence, the electrophoretic heterogeneity seems to be due to a different degree of sialinyla-tion of the products.
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Shvedchykova, Iryna, Julia Romanchenko, and Inna Nikitchenko. "Comparative analysis of inhomogeneity degree of magnetic field of polygradient magnetic separators for purification of bulk materials." In 2017 International Conference on Modern Electrical and Energy Systems (MEES). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mees.2017.8248873.
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Electricwala, A., and T. Atkinson. "TANDEM PURIFICATION OF TISSUE PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR BY METAL CHELATE AND AFFINITY CHROMATOGRAPHY." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644831.
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A tandem purification procedure was developed by a combination of metal chelate and affinity chromatography. The conditioned medium from different cell lines producing tissue plasminogen activator was first chromatographed on a zinc chelate-agarose column equilibrated with low ionic strength buffer. After thorough washing, the column was connected to a lysine-agarose column, previously equilibrated with the same buffer. Tissue plasminogen activator was eluted from the zinc chelate column by a gradient of imidazole and the effluent was allowed to flow through lysine-agarose matrix. The two columns were disconnected and after thorough washing, the bound enzyme from lysine-agarose column was eluted with a linear gradient of potassium thiocyanate in the equilibration buffer. This method resulted in a purification factor which varied between 40 to 110 fold. The purity of the isolated enzyme was assessed by sodium dodecyl sulphate-gel electrophoresis and fibrin zymography. The chromatographic procedure described provides a novel method for the rapid purification of tissue plasminogen activator to a high degree of purity.
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He, Fei, and Qiang Wan. "Study on Purification of U Scraps in Continuous Countercurrent Extractor." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66336.
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In this paper, the feasibility of continuous countercurrent extractor (CCE) applied in extraction of U scraps rather than mixer-settler was studied. Effects of rotation Reynolds number, residence time on extraction and reverse extraction efficiency were investigated respectively. During the process, impurity content in raw material had a slight effect on extraction. Under the optimum conditions of O/A phase ratio of 1.2 and rotation Reynolds number of 13824, extraction degree of scrap pellet solution and alkalescence dreg lixivium were good with the residence time of 19 min and 26 min respectively. Under the best reverse extraction conditions of A/O phase ratio of 1.2, rotation Reynolds number of 23128 and residence time of 19 min, two kinds of raw material liquid mentioned as above could get better reverse extraction efficiency, while uranium concentration of raffinate phase and impurity content of reverse extract phase satisfied the technological requirement. This study verified the feasibility of CCE developed for purification of U scraps, identified the operation parameter, and provided an experimental basis for industrial expansion in the future.
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Fomenko, Alexandra Ivanovna. "ÉTUDE DE L'ADSORPTION DES PHOSPHATES DES EAUX USÉES PAR LES CENDRES COMBUSTIBLES." In Themed collection of papers from Foreign International Scientific Conference «Science and innovation in the framework of the strategic partnership between Algeria and Russia» by HNRI «National development» in cooperation with the University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene. April 2024. Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/240425.2024.25.20.011.
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The results of a study of the adsorption purification of aqueous solutions from phosphates using fuel ash formed during the combustion of solid fuels as an adsorbent are presented (waste from the processing of wood, coal) are presented. The degree of extraction of phosphate ions from aqueous solutions on the presented adsorbents, the specific surface area, and the adsorption capacity were experimentally determined. It has been shown that in relation to phosphate ions, wood ash is a more effective adsorbent compared to coal ash. Les résultats de l'étude sur la purification par adsorption de solutions aqueuses à partir de phosphates en utilisant comme adsorbant les cendres combustibles produites par la combustion de combustibles solides (déchets de traitement du bois, houille). Le degré d'extraction des ions phosphate à partir de solutions aqueuses sur les adsorbants présentés, la surface spécifique, la capacité d'adsorption ont été déterminés expérimentalement. Il a été démontré qu'en ce qui concerne les ions phosphate, les cendres de bois par rapport aux cendres de charbon de bois sont un adsorbant plus efficace.
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Molchanova, O., Lyudmila Novikova, E. Tomina, and A. Meshcheryakova. "EFFECT OF SOLUTION pH AND MASS OF THE SORBENT ON SORPTION AND DEGREE OF PURIFICATION OF WATER FROM COPPER IONS BY MAGNESIUM AND ZINC FERRITES." In ENERGY-SAVING AND ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY TECHNOLOGIES IN THE FORESTRY INDUSTRY. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2025. https://doi.org/10.58168/e-seftfi2024_133-138.
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This article presents the results of a study of the effect of the pH of the solutionand the mass of the sorbenton the efficiency of adsorption of copper ions by magnesium and zinc ferrites. It was found that the optimal pH value for the sorption of copperions is 3.0, and when the pH drops below 3.0, sorption decreases significantly due to the competition of H+ and Cu2+ ions for active centers on the surface of the sorbent. When the pH rises above 5.3, precipitation of copper hydroxide occurs, which makes it difficult to study sorption in this pH range. The degree of purification of water from copper ions increases with an increase in the mass of the sorbent, which indicates the importance of this factor in choosing optimal sorption conditions. It is recommended to increase the amount of magnesium ferrite taken per unit volume of the solution, or dilute the initial solution several times if zinc ferrite is used to achieve maximum extraction of copper ions. The results obtained can be used to develop more effective methods of water purification from copper ions using magnesium and zinc ferrites.
Reports on the topic "Purification degree"
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Yompakdee, Chulee, and Warintorn Chavasiri. An active compound Kempferia parviflora with inhibitory activity against GSK-3 kinase implicated in type II Diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Chulalongkorn University, 2015. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2015.37.
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Calcium signaling pathways play pivotal roles in regulation of various important biological processes in eukaryotes ranging from yeast to human. Because of the high degree in gene conservation from yeast to human, the small molecule inhibitors discovered in the yeast based-drug screening system can be expected to exert their function in human as well. The immunosuppressive agents, FK506 and cyclosporine A, are an example. Our previous studies using a zds1 yeast-based assay to search for inhibitors in the calcium signaling pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisae mutant strain from the crude extract of Thai medicinal plants found the crude extract of Kaempferia parviflora as one of the strong positive candidates. Using zds1 proliferation assay to guide fractionation and purification, a compound 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxyflavone (here designated as Cpd1) was obtained and showed inhibitory activity against the calcium signals in yeast. This study aimed to learn more on its biological activity related to the calcium signal inhibition. Genetic and biochemical analyses in yeast revealed that Mck1 kinase, a protein in the calcium signaling pathway was inhibited by Cpd1. Yeast MCK1 is an ortholog gene coding for GSK3β. High level of GSK3β causes several pathogenesis including type II Diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease. In addition, Cpd1 showed no cytotoxicity to the yeast cells.