Academic literature on the topic 'Puring'
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Journal articles on the topic "Puring"
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Gogahu, Yelni, Song Ai Nio, and Parluhutan Siahaan. "Konsentrasi Klorofil pada Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Puring (Codiaeum varigatum L.)." Jurnal MIPA 5, no. 2 (2016): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.5.2.2016.12964.
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Tanaman puring memiliki varietas yang sangat banyak dan terdapat sekitar 260 varietas puring yang ada di Indonesia. Puring merupakan tanaman yang memiliki warna dan bentuk daun yang beragam seperti kuning, hijau, merah dan coklat sehingga tanaman puring dimanfaatkan sebagai tanaman hias warna-warni tersebut disebabkan karena adanya bermacam-macam pigmen warna didalam daun. Dalam proses fotosintesis klorofil atau pigmen hijau daun sangat diperlukan sehingga setiap daun sangat membutuhkan klorofil. Belum ada data yang menunjukkan apakah perbedaan dominansi warna pigmen daun juga mengandung perbedaan kandungan klorofilnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji pengaruh perbedaan warna daun pada 9 varietas dan perbedaan umur tanaman terhadap kandungan klorofil tanaman puring (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal, puring bor merah, puring jengkol, puring jempol, puring jet merah, puring kura-kura moncolor, puring bor cristata, puring lele) dan perbedaan umur daun tanaman terhadap kandungan klorofilnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daun pada umur 3 bulan kandungan klorofilnya sama pada semua varietas baik kandungan konsentrasi klorofil total, klorofil a maupun klorofil b. Pada 3 varietas (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal dan puring bor merah) daun yang telah berumur 8 bulan mengandung konsentrasi klorofil total dan klorofil a yang berbeda antara daun muda dan daun tua sedangkan konsentrasi korofil b tidak berbeda pada semua varietas.Croton plants has so many varieties. Around 260 varieties of Croton plants are found in Indonesia. Croton plant is a plant with various color leaves such as yellow, green, red and brown which make Croton plant is used to be a house-plant. Those colors exist because of many color pigment in leaf. Every leaf needs chlorophyll or green pigment in photosynthesis process. There is no data that shows different color leaves contain different amount of chlorophyll. This research is done in order to find out the effects of difference in color leaves and plants age towards chlorophyll contents in Croton plants (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal, puring bor merah, puring jengkol, puring jempol, puring jet merah, puring kura-kura moncolor, puring bor cristata, puring lele) and different leaves age towards chlorophyll contents. The results showed that the leaf at the age of 3 months has the same chlorophyll contents whether in total chlorophyll, a chlorophyll ad b chlorophyll with the other varieties. The leaf in the age of 8 months in 3 varieties (puring cobra, puring spageti lokal dan puring bor merah) contains different consentration of total chlorophyll and a chlorophyll between young leaves and older leaves while the concentration of b chlorophyll does not differ at all varieties.
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Adimulyadi and ST. Fatimah. "IDENTIFIKASI BENTUK PROFIL DASAR DAUN PURING (CODIAEUM VARIEGATUM)." JURNAL BIOSENSE 6, no. 01 (2023): 107–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36526/biosense.v6i01.2861.
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Tulisan ini membahas tentang identifikasi bentuk profil dasar daun puring (Cadiaeum Variegatum). Bentuk profil daun puring dilihat berdasarkan kontur dan sturktur dasar permukaan daun. Daun puring mempunyai ragam varietas dan tidak bisa ditentukan secara acak berdasarkan warna. Oleh sebab itu, metode indentifikasi profil dasar daun diusulkan dengan Image J. Indentifikasi profil daun menggunakan tiga jenis daun yang berbeda. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa jenis daun puring ke-1 memiliki warna hijau 75% dan kuning 25%, daun puring ke-2 mempunyai presentase warna hijau 50% dan kuning 50%, sedangkan daun puring ke-3 menghasilkan presentase warna hijau 25% dan kuning 75%. Bentuk profil daun digunakan sebagai tahap awal proses ekstraksi untuk meningkatkan kadar klorofil daun puring.
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Mutia, Mutia, Taufik Anwar, and Salbiah Salbiah. "PERSEPSI PEDAGANG TENTANG KEBERSIHAN DAN SANITASI PASAR PURING KOTA PONTIANAK TAHUN 2023." Journal of Environmental Health and Sanitation Technology 3, no. 1 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.30602/jehast.v3i1.285.
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Persepsi pedagang mengenai sampah sering kali tidak ditanggapi dengan baik oleh pedagang di Pasar puring sehingga menimbulkan penumpukan sampah yang berlebihan dan bisa berdampak terhadap kebersihan dan sanitasi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi, dan menganalisis hubungan antara persepsi pedagang terhadap kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring Kota Pontianak. Metode penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan desain cross sectional. Sampel yang digunakan 63 responden dengan Teknik Acak Sederhana (simple random sampling). Teknik untuk menganalisis data menggunakan uji chi square. Lokasi penelitian dilakukan di Pasar Puring, Siantan Tengah, Kecamatan Pontianak Utara, Kalimantan Barat. Hasil penelitian ini menggunakan uji chi square diperoleh hasil nilai sig/p value 0,03 < α 0,05 bahwa ada hubungan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring. Sebagian besar pedagang pasar puring mempunyai persepsi yang kurang baik dan kurang bersih tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini ada hubungan persepsi pedagang tentang kebersihan dan sanitasi pasar puring kota pontianak tahun 2023.
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Sulistiana, Susi, and Ludivica Endang Setijorini. "AKUMULASI TIMBAL (Pb) DAN STRUKTUR STOMATA DAUN PURING (Codiaeum variegatum Lam. Blume)." Jurnal AGROSAINS dan TEKNOLOGI 1, no. 2 (2017): 9–22. https://doi.org/10.24853/jat.1.2.9-22.
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Tanaman mempunyai kemampuan untuk mengatasi atau mengeliminir pencemaran udara yang terjadi di kota, salah satunya adalah tanaman puring. Stomata adalah salah satu organ tumbuhan yang digunakan untuk berinteraksi dengan lingkungannya. Fungsi utama stomata adalah sebagai tempat pertukaran gas, seperti CO2 yang diperlukan oleh tumbuhan dalam proses fotosintesis. Namun, stomata juga bertindak sebagai salah satu jalur masuknya polutan khususnya polutan yang berasal dari udara. Untuk mempertegas pengaruh akumulasi timbal terhadap daun tanaman puring secara morfologi yang telah dilakukan oleh Sulistiana dan Setijorini tahun 2014, perlu dilakukan penelitian lanjutan dengan melakukan pengamatan anatomi daun terutama struktur stomata daun tanaman puring. Penelitian bertujuan membandingkan struktur stomata antar kultivar puring dan membuktikan adanya hubungan antara akumulasi timbal (Pb) dengan struktur stomata daun dari beberapa kultivar puring. Bahan penelitian yang digunakan adalah daun segar dari 13 kultivar tanaman puring yang ditanam di Perumahan Batan Indah, Kecamatan Kademangan, Tangerang Selatan. Pengamatan struktur stomata daun dilakukan dengan cara pembuatan preparat paradermal Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian meliputi jumlah stomata, jumlah sel epidermis, panjang stomata, lebar stomata, indeks stomata, dan kerapatan stomata. Hasil yang diperoleh adanya korelasi positif antara kadar Pb dan struktur stomata daun kultivar puring melalui parameter-paramater yang diamati terutama jumlah stomata, lebar stomata, indeks stomata, dan kerapatan stomata.
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Bororing, Christia Novindy, Susan M. Mambu, and Song Ai Nio. "Inventarisasi Tanaman Puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) di Pekarangan Rumah Desa Makaaruyen, Kecamatan Modoinding, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan, Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (Inventory of Croton Plant (Codiaeum variegatum L.) in the Backyard of Makaaruyen Village, Modoinding District, South Minahasa Regency, North Sulawesi Province)." JURNAL ILMIAH SAINS 22, no. 2 (2022): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jis.v22i2.41364.
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Tanaman puring (Codiaeum variegatum L.) dikenal sebagai tanaman hias karena bentuk dan warna daun yang beragam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginventarisasi jenis-jenis puring yang dibudidayakan di pekarangan rumah Desa Makaaruyen, Kecamatan Modoinding, Kabupaten Minahasa Selatan. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan metode survei langsung dengan menjelajah setiap pekarangan yang mempunyai tanaman puring, mengambil dokumentasi berupa foto, mengamati morfologi tanaman serta mencatat jumlah tanaman untuk setiap jenis tanaman puring yang ditemukan. Bedasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat 25 jenis puring yang terdapat di 13 titik lokasi penelitian, yaitu tokek merah, bor merah, caldium norma, sayap nuri, lele, red gems, gelatik, mentimun, bor emas, patricia, lele kirmizi, walet merah, apel malang, dasi merah, kecapi, lele redline, walet, merah, cabai, kamboja, spageti three color, batang merah, serit, kelabang, dan jet amerika. Puring gelatik paling banyak dibudidayakan dibandingkan dengan jenis puring yang lain.Kata kunci: Desa Makaaruyen; gelatik; Puring; Minahasa SelatanABSTRACTCroton (Codiaeum variegatum L.) is known as an ornamental plant because of its various leaf shapes and colors. This study aimed to inventory the types of croton that are cultivated in the home yard of Makaaruyen Village, Modoinding District, South Minahasa Regency. Data collection was conducted by direct survey method by exploring every yard with croton plants, collecting photo documentation, observing plant morphology, and recording the number of each croton plants. Based on the results of the study, there were 25 types of puring found in 13 research locations, namely tokek merah, bor merah, caldium norma, sayap nuri, lele, red gems, gelatik, mentimun, bor emas, patricia, lele kirmizi, walet merah, apel malang, dasi merah, kecapi, lele redline, walet, merah, cabai, kamboja, spageti three color, batang merah, serit, kelabang, dan jet amerika. Gelatik was the most widely cultivated compared to other types of croton.Keywords: Croton; gelatik; Makaaruyen Village; South Minahasa
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Fatimatunnisa, Isna, S. Slamet, St Rahmatullah, and Dwi Bagus Pambudi. "Uji Efektivitas Antibakteri Sediaan Salep Ekstrak Daun Puring (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. Ex A.Juss) Terhadap Bakteri Staphylococus aureus." Prosiding Seminar Nasional Kesehatan 1 (December 7, 2021): 1005–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48144/prosiding.v1i.781.
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AbstractIndonesia is one of the rich countries among the plant’s potential medicinal properties is the puring leaf (Codiaem variegatum (L.) Rumph. Ex A.Jus) as an antibacterial. The puring leaves contain flavonoid, steroids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins and fenols. which serve as antibacterial. The use of antibacterial ointments can treat bacterial skin infections. Balm is a half-denser is intended for topical wear on the skin or the mucous membranes. Among the causes of infection is the Staphylococus aureus bacteria. The study aims to test the effectiveness of a suppressive antibacterias, the leaf extract ointment against the Staphylococus aureus bacteria. Extraction methods maceration method use a 96% solution. The research method used was oriental. The extract of the puring leaves used is 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, the negative cotrol of the ointment without the extract and the positive control with the gentamicin ointment. Zone research is inhibiting every single formula. Averag buffer zone on formula 1 6.25 mm, formula 2 7.55 mm, formula 3 9.23 mm and formula 4 11.68 mm. Data acquired by the formation of a clear buffer zone around the commonwealth for 24 hours after treatment. The data was analyzed with one way ANOVA continues the post hoc test (Tukey). The result is that partial extract of puring leave can be made into unguent and effective Staphylocous aureus ATCC 25923Keywords: Extract of puring leaves; antibacterial; ointment and staphylococus aureus
 AbstrakIndonesia merupakan salah satu negara yang kaya akan keaneragaman tanaman yang memiliki potensi sebagai bahan obat, salah satunya yaitu daun puring (Codiaeum variegatum (L.) Rumph. Ex A.Juss) sebagai antibakteri. Daun puring memiliki senyawa flavonoid, steroid, alkaloid, tannin, saponin dan fenol yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri. Penggunaan salep antibakteri dapat mengobati infeksi kulit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri. Salep merupakan sediaan setengah padat yang ditujukan untuk pemakaian topikal pada kulit atau selaput lendir. Salah satu penyebab infeksi adalah bakteri Staphylococcus aureus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas antibakteri sediaan salep ekstrak daun puring terhadap bakteri Staphylococus aureus. Metode ekstraksi menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut 96%. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu sumuran. Konsentrasi ekstrak daun puring yang digunakan adalah 2,5%, 5%, 7,5%, 10%, kontrol negatif yaitu salep tanpa ekstrak dan kontrol positif dengan salep gentamicin. Hasil penelitian zona hambat setiap formula berbeda. Rata-rata zona hambat pada formula 1 6,25 mm, formula 2 7,55 mm, formula 3 9,23 mm dan formula 4 11,68 mm. Data yang diperoleh dengan terbentuknya zona hambat bening di sekeliling sumuran selama 24 jam setelah perlakuan. Data dianalisa dengan one way ANOVA dilanjutkan uji post Hoc (Tukey). Kesimpulannya Ekstrak daun puring bisa dibuat sediaan salep dan ekstrak daun puring efektif terhadap bakteri Staphylococus aureus ATCC 25923Kata Kunci: Ekstrak daun puring; antibakteri; salep dan staphylococus aureus
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Pataka, Putri Arlastasya Maria Adi, and Fermanto Lianto. "DESAIN PASAR TAMAN PURING MELALUI PENDEKATAN KONTEKSTUAL." Jurnal Sains, Teknologi, Urban, Perancangan, Arsitektur (Stupa) 5, no. 1 (2023): 145–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/stupa.v5i1.22635.
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Acknowledging the importance of the market sector’s big role in a city. The existence of Taman Puring Market has a big influence on the daily activities of the local population. Thus, the problems that occur with the market are very important and affect the integration of the buying and selling chain as a market for used goods. When the chain is broken, there will be a certain person's welfare, especially market traders. By paying attention to the welfare of traders, Taman Puring Market creates a market for development and advancement of existing ties for the welfare of both sellers and buyers. Taman Puring Market has been known for a long time as a market for cheap shoes and used goods. A very historical Taman Puring Market trip. However, they are in danger of dying because of diminishing visitors due to the increase in the realm of online trading and the addition of the COVID-19 pandemic. Through qualitative methods supported by the Urban Acupuncture strategy with a daily analysis approach which results in the use of contextual concepts that aim to restore the identity and existence of the Taman Puring market as a used goods market realized in accordance with the surrounding context by designing a used goods facade as a support for the used goods market icon so that the market will be can support the surrounding area to develop as well by becoming an attractor that again reminds the importance of the Taman Puring Market and as a forum for market traders to move forward in balancing offline and online markets. Keywords: market; park; urban acupuncture; used goods Abstrak Sektor pasar dalam sebuah kota memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Keberadaan Pasar Taman Puring berpengaruh besar dalam kegiatan keseharian penduduk setempat. Sehingga, permasalahan yang terjadi terhadap pasar sangatlah penting dan berpengaruh pada integrasi rantai jual-beli sebagai pasar barang bekas. Ketika rantai tersebut ada yang terputus akan terjadi adanya ketidaksejahteraan suatu oknum tertentu khususnya pedagang pasar. Dengan memperhatikan kesejahteraan pedagang Pasar Taman Puring mewujudkan pasar untuk berkembang dan majunya ikatan yang ada untuk kesejahteraan penjual maupun pembelinya. Pasar Taman Puring dikenal sejak lama sebagai pasar sepatu murah dan barang bekas. Perjalanan Pasar Taman Puring yang sangat historis. Namun, terancam mati karena pengunjung yang kian berkurang akibat meningkatnya ranah perdagangan daring dan ditambah pandemi COVID-19. Melalui metode kualitatif didukung dengan strategi Akupunktur Perkotaan dengan pendekatan analisis keseharian yang menghasilkan digunakannya konsep kontekstual yang bertujuan untuk mengembalikan identitas dan eksistensi pasar taman puring sebagai pasar barang bekas terwujud sesuai dengan konteks sekitar dengan perancangan fasad barang bekas sebagai pendukung ikon pasar barang bekas sehingga pasar nantinya dapat mendukung kawasan sekitarnya untuk ikut berkembang dengan menjadi atraktor yang kembali mengingatkan pentingnya Pasar Taman Puring dan sebagai wadah bagi pedagang pasar untuk ikut maju dalam menyeimbangkan pasar luring dan daring.
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Anu, Oktarin, Henny L. Rampe, and Johanis J. Pelealu. "Struktur Sel Epidermis dan Stomata Daun Beberapa Tumbuhan Suku Euphorbiaceae." Jurnal MIPA 6, no. 1 (2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jm.6.1.2017.16160.
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Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan struktur sel epidermis dan stomata pada beberapa tumbuhan anggota Suku Euphorbiaceae yang merupakan anggota marga Codiaeum, Euphorbia dan Jatropha. Metode deskriptif komparatif digunakan untuk menggambarkan struktur sel epidemis dan stomata daun puring, pakis giwang dan jarak pagar berdasarkan pengamatan irisan memanjang sel-sel epidermis pada permukaan bawah daun dengan menggunakan mikroskop Olympus tipe 11067 dan Optilab Advance tipe 2.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya variasi struktur sel epidermis. Stomata berbentuk ginjal tipe parasitik. Arah membuka sel penutup sejajar terhadap sel tetangga. Rata-rata jumlah sel epidermis daun puring 33,33, pakis giwang 36,33 dan jarak pagar 48,66 sedangkan rata-rata jumlah stomata puring 6,0, pakis giwang 3,0 dan jarak pagar 8,3. Jarak antar stomata dengan kisaran pada daun puring 114,47 µm - 1087,49 µm, pakis giwang 360 µm - 900,99 µm dan jarak pagar 65 µm - 939,66 µm. Panjang sel epidermis dengan kisaran pada daun puring 90,25 μm - 379,16, pakis giwang 36,70 μm - 563,41 μm dan jarak pagar 65,19 μm - 387,75 μm. Panjang stomata dengan kisaran pada daun puring 105,41 μm - 150,56 μm, pakis giwang 76,74 μm - 108,45 μm dan jarak pagar 85,37 μm - 135,90 μm.A study has been conducted to determine the structure of epidermal cells and stomata in some plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae Families who are members of the clans of Codiaeum, Euphorbia and Jatropha. The comparative descrpitive method is used to describe the structure of epidermis cell and stomata of promegranate stems, fern studs, and jatropha based on observations of longitudinal slices of epidermal celss on the lower surface of the leaves using Olympus type 1106 and Optylab Advance type 2.2 microscopes. The result showed the existence of variation of epidermal cell structure. Parasitic stomata-shaped stomata. Direction opens the cell cover parallel to the neighboring cell. The average number of epidermal cell leaves of puring 33.33, 36,33 pinnacle ferns, and jatropha curcas 48.66, while the average number of stomata puring 6.0, 3.0 pinnacle ferns, and jatropha 8.3. The distance between stomata with the range on the leaves of puring 114,47 μm- 1087,49 μm, the pinnacle fern of 360 μm- 900,99 μm, and the distance of jatropha 65 μm- 939,66 μm. The length of the epidermal cell with a range of leaves of puring 90,25 μm- 379,16 μm, 36,70 μm- 563,41 μm pinnacle ferns, and Jatropha curcas 65,19 μm- 387,75 μm. The length of stomata with the range on the leaves of puring 105,41 μm- 150,56 μm, pinnecle ferns 76,74 μm- 108,45 μm, and jatropha 85,37 μm- 135,90 μm.
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Sawiji, Repining Tiyas, and Elisabeth Oriana Jawa La. "Formulasi dan uji aktivitas antibakteri sediaan gel antiseptik tangan ekstrak daun puring (Codiaeum variegatum)." Health Sciences and Pharmacy Journal 6, no. 1 (2022): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32504/hspj.v6i1.465.
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The high incidence of infection occurs due to a lack of public awareness in getting used to a clean and healthy life. Hands are one of the media for the spread of bacteria, so an antibacterial preparation is needed. Puring leaf (Codiaeum variegatum) is a plant that contains many components of secondary metabolites, one of which is tannin compounds. Based on previous research, it has been proven that the tannin group has antibacterial activity. The use of puring leaves directly on the hands is considered less practical so it needs to be formulated in the form of hand antiseptic gel preparations. This study aims to design a hand antiseptic gel formula with variations in the concentration of puring leaf extract and to determine the antibacterial activity of hand antiseptic gel preparations from puring leaf extract against Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. This type of research was experimental laboratory. Puring leaves were first extracted using 96% ethanol as solvent and three hand antiseptic gel formulations were made with varying concentrations of extract, namely FI (1.5%), FII (4.5%), and FIII (6%) with a base gel using carbopol 940. The physical tests included organoleptic and homogeneity tests, pH tests, dispersion tests, and viscosity tests. The data obtained were analyzed using ANOVA and Kruskal Wallis. The antibacterial activity test was measured using the paper disk diffusion method. The results showed that the three formulations of hand antiseptic gel preparations puring leaf extract met the physical characteristics of good gel preparations and FIII had the highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus with an inhibitory diameter of 3.16±0.28. Antibacterial activity in hand antiseptic gel preparation of puring leaf extract is in the weak category. Keywords: Antibacterial; puring leaf; paper disk difusi; antiseptic gel
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Nurjannah, Aola. "Peran Pemberdaya dalam Meningkatkan Strata Ekonomi Masyarakat Kecamatan Puring, Study Masyarakat Rantau." Jurnal at-Taghyir: Jurnal Dakwah dan Pengembangan Masyarakat Desa 5, no. 1 (2023): 63–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.24952/taghyir.v5i1.5169.
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Secara umum penelitian ini bermula dari permasalahan yang terjadi di tengah masyarakat Kecamatan Puring yang mempengaruhi aspek perkonomian masyarakat, dan yang menjadi fokus penelitian ini adalah peran pemperdaya dalam meningkatkan strata ekonomi dengan pengarahan pengelolaan keuangan masyarakat Puring berupa pembentukan kelompok masyarakat, pengorganisasian, ekonomi kreatif, berdagang dan lainnya. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Penelitian Kualitatif dengan metode penelitiannya adalah obsevasi, wawancara kepada masyarakat Kecamatan Puring, kemudian dianalaisis dengan teknik Miles Hubberman berupa: Pengumpulan data, reduksi data dan penyajian data menjadikannya sebagai rencana pemberdayaan masyarakat dalam pengelolaan dan penyaluran keuangan hasil merantau. Hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa tahapan kegiatan pemberdayaan warga pelaku rantau warga Kecamatan Puring dapat membantu kemandirian ekonomi masyarakat Puring. Selain dari hal itu program pelatihan yang telah dijalankan oleh pemerintah masing- masing desa dan juga pihak swasta dapat menambah tingkat wawasan, keahlian bahkan kesadaran para pelaku ekonomi kreatif. Perkembangan industri kreatif dapat menarik tenaga kerja, terutama para ibu-ibu rumahan yang awalnya kurang produktif menjadi lebih produktif di industri kreatif.Kata Kunci: Pemberdayaan, Pengorganiasian, Pengelolaan, Kemandirian
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Puring"
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Kolososki, Jorge. "Estudo de sistema de canais para fundição de ligas de aluminio por gravidade." [s.n.], 2001. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/265179.
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Orientadores: Rezende Gomes dos Santos, Ricardo Fuoco<br>Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica<br>Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-08T07:46:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2001<br>Resumo: Durante o vazamento dos moldes, o fluxo de metal através dos canais está sujeito a grande turbulência, gerando filmes de óxidos devido a exposição ao ar. Estes óxidos podem permanecer nas peças fundidas como descontinuidades, prejudicando as propriedades, em particular a resistência mecânica e a dutilidade. São apresentados os principais conceitos e as principais recomendações existentes na literatura para o projeto dos sistemas de canais de ligas com elevada tendência à oxidação, como as ligas de alumínio. Estes princípios e recomendações foram utilizados para projetar seis diferentes sistemas de canais para o preenchimento de placas na posição vertical, utilizando liga de alumínio UNS A03560. A avaliação do grau de turbulência alcançado em cada um dos sistemas de canais projetados foi feita através da maior ou menor geração de inclusões de óxidos, medida através de ensaios de flexão de corpos-de-prova retirados diretamente das placas. São apresentados os resultados destes ensaios de flexão e evidências de inclusões de óxidos nas fraturas dos corpos-de-prova ensaiados<br>Abstract: During mould pouring, metal flow in runner system is submitted to large turbulence and air contact, producing oxide films. This oxide is incorporated to cast products as inclusions and discontinuities, reducing noticeably mechanical strength and ductility. The principal concepts and literature recommendations for the best runner system project applied to alloys with high oxidation tendency, like aluminum alloys, were presented in this work. This information was used to project six different runner systems for plate casting in vertical position, considering aluminum alloy UNS A03560 as the cast metal. The evaluation of turbulence degree reached in each one of the systems was made by oxide inclusion classification, comparing results of three-point bend tests in specimens obtained from the six plate cast procedures. Mechanical test results and oxide inclusion evidence in fracture surface of those broken specimens are presented.<br>Mestrado<br>Materiais e Processos de Fabricação<br>Mestre em Engenharia Mecânica
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Silva, Diego Oliveira Nolasco da [UNESP]. "Estrutura cristalográfica da Purina nucleosídeo foslorilase do Mycobacterium tuberculosis." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/87508.
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silva_don_me_sjrp.pdf: 1054782 bytes, checksum: 832047dd271670cc0bc6debdbd5dc8d8 (MD5)<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)<br>A Purina Nucleosídeo Fosforilase (PNP) catalisa a fosforólise de nucleosídeos de purina para suas respectivas bases e açucares (ribose ou desoxirribose) 1-fosfato. A PNP desempenha uma função central no metabolismo das purinas, normalmente operando na via de recuperação do DNA das células. Mais ainda, a PNP cliva ligações glicosídicas com inversão da configuração para produzir a-ribose 1-fosfato. Acredita-se que no organismo do Mycobacterium tuberculosis a PNP desempenha tarefas similares, o que levanta o interesse em desenvolver ciência que dê suporte para o desenvolvimento de drogas baseadas na estrutura desta proteína. A proteína é um homotrímero simétrico com um arranjo triangular das subunidades, similar às PNPs triméricas de mamíferos. Cada monômero consiste de um enovelamento a/ß formado por onze fitas ß circundadas por oito hélices a. O estudo desta PNP visa proporcionar comparações com outras estruturas, na intenção de identificar as bases estruturais de possíveis diferenças ou similaridades funcionais entre esta e outras PNPs, num esforço para desenvolver pesquisa que dê suporte para o desenho de novas drogas mais seletivas e poderosas contra a tuberculose.<br>The Purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) catalyses the phosphorolysis of purine nucleosides to corresponding bases and ribose 1-phosphate. PNP plays a central role in purine metabolism, normally operating in the purine salvage pathway of cells. Moreover, PNP cleaves glycosidic bond with inversion of configuration to produce á-ribose 1-phosphate. It is believed that in the MtPNP is responsible for the same labor in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis organism, which arouses the interest in developing science for giving support to the development of structure based drugs. The protein is a symmetrical homotrimer with triangular arrangement of the subunits, similar to the trimeric mammalian PNPs. Each monomer consist of a á/â folding formed by eleven â sheet surrounded by eight á helices. The study of this PNP aims the possibility of caring out comparisons with other structures, in order to identify the structural basis of possible differences or functional similarities between this and other PNPs, in an effort to develop research which gives support to the design of more selective and powerful new drugs against tuberculosis.
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Oliveira, Lisandre de. "Métodos em nutrição de ruminantes: uso de índices fecais para estimar consumo e estimativa da síntese proteica microbiana ruminal." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2009. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10733.
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>This study was carried out to evaluate methods in ruminant nutrition: use of fecal index to estimate intake and use of purine or purine derivatives to estimate rumen microbial protein synthesis. Data from three digestibility trials conducted with castrated male lambs fed ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, Lam) or Cynodon (Cynodon dactylon var dactylon) at different levels of intake were compiled. Intake data were related to faecal excretion of different chemical compounds through regression analysis. Significant regressions with high R2 were used to calculate estimated intake values, which were compared to observed values by paired t test. Organic matter
(OM) intake (g/day) had significant (P<0.01) relation to faecal excretion (g/day) of N and/or acid detergent fiber (ADF) in ryegrass trial (R2 varied from 0.69 to 0.85) while
N, ADF and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) had significant (P<0.01) relation to OM intake in Cynodon trials (R2 varied from 0.51 to 0.56). It is concluded that faecal
excretion of N and/or ADF had high potential to estimate intake by grazing animals. Rumen microbial protein synthesis estimated either by duodenal purines or urine
purines derivatives was different (P<0.01). Moreover, these estimates were highly affected by purines:microbial N proportion used in calculations.<br>O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar métodos em nutrição de ruminantes: o uso de índices fecais para estimar consumo e uso de purinas no duodeno ou de derivados de purinas na urina para estimar a síntese de nitrogênio microbiano
ruminal. Foram compilados dados de três ensaios de digestibilidade in vivo utilizando ovinos machos castrados não fistulados ou fistulados no duodeno alimentados com
azevém (Lolium multiflorum, Lam) ou capim-paulista (Cynodon dactylon var dactylon) fornecidos verde a diferentes níveis de consumo. Os dados de consumo foram relacionados à excreção fecal de diferentes componentes químicos. As equações de regressão com coeficientes de correlação mais significativos foram utilizadas para calcular consumos estimados, os quais foram comparados pelo teste t para dados pareados com os consumos observados. O consumo de MO foi significativamente (P<0,01) relacionado com a excreção fecal de N e/ou fibra em detergente ácido
(FDA) no ensaio com azevém (R2 variou de 0,69 a 0,85) e com a excreção fecal de N, FDA ou fibra em detergente neutro (FDN) nos ensaios com Cynodon (R2 variou
de 0,51 a 0,56). Conclui-se que a excreção fecal de FDA e/ou N tem um alto potencial para estimar consumo por animais em pastejo. A síntese de nitrogênio microbiano ruminal estimado pela metodologia das purinas duodenais ou dos
derivados de purinas excretados na urina não foi similar (P<0,01). Adicionalmente, estas estimativas foram altamente influenciadas pela relação purinas:N microbiano
utilizada nos cálculos.
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Worthington, Rebecca A. (Ann). "Structure-function studies of P2X receptors." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2001. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27719.
Full textAbstract:
P2X receptors are fast, ATP-gated cation ion channels. To date seven subtypes of P2X receptors
have been cloned and identified, PZXH. The membrane topology of the P2X subunit consists of
intracellular amino- and carboxy-termini, two transmembrane spanning domains and a large
extracellular loop. Despite similar membrane topology, within this family of receptors the P2X
subtypes possess different functional characteristics. They exhibit different sensitivities to
agonists and antagonists, are modulated differently by extracellular ions, and have different pore
forming abilities. The regions that are responsible for differences in function between P2X
subtypes have not been elucidated.
This thesis aims to further knowledge regarding the relationship between the structure of the P2X
family and differences in the function of the various receptor subtypes.
Examination of the primary structure of the P2X receptor family led to the identification of
epitope regions suitable for antibody production. This suite of antibodies was tested for
specificity and the distribution of P2X receptors was examined in a range of rat tissues and two
cell lines.
The pathophysiological involvement of the P2X7 receptor was examined in B-CLL patients. Two
polymorphisms as well as a loss of function mutation were identified in both normal and
leukaemic populations.
The site of agonist binding is believed to be within the extracellular loop. Examination of the
primary structure of the human cytolytic receptor P2X7 led to the identification of two noncontiguous regions that could potentially be involved in binding ATP. Three amino acid residues
that lie within the extracellular loop were targeted and their involvement in ATP binding was
determined. Two lysine residues at positions 193 and 31 1 and a proline residue at 210 were each
exchanged with alanine. An abolition of function of human receptors with mutations at positions
193 or 311 was observed, consistent with a disruption of the ATP binding domain, although
alterations in transduction or gating cannot be dismissed. The P2X receptor appears to be
comprised of a trimeric subunit arrangement, and Hill coefficients of between 1 and 3 reported
for ATP binding suggest that there is more than one ATP binding site per functional receptor.
Modelling of the putative binding cleft of the hP2X7 subunit was performed and the residues
important for ATP binding were highlighted. The fimctional trimeric receptor appears to possess
three intersubunit ATP binding sites.
In an attempt to isolate regions of the extracellular domain that contribute to or control various
channel properties, chimaeras between subtypes P2X], P2X4 and P2X7 were constructed and their
properties examined. Each of the six chimaeras has been shown to be correctly inserted into the
cell membrane and functional. These constructs will continue to be investigated and form the
basis for extensive future work.
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Aoki, Juliana Ide. "Ação do análogo de purina tóxico tubercidina em Leishmania ssp." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5160/tde-30092010-130259/.
Full textAbstract:
A identificação de genes relacionados com resistência a compostos antiparasitários tem contribuído para um melhor entendimento do mecanismo de ação de alguns desses compostos. Utilizando a estratégia que permite a indução de super-expressão após transfecção gênica, isolamos dois loci relacionados com resistência ao análogo tóxico de purina, tubercidina (TUB). Em um desses locus identificamos um ortólogo do gene TOR (TOxic nucleoside Resistance) em L. (L.) major (TOR-Lm), capaz de conferir altos níveis de resistência a TUB. A identificação e localização cromossomal do segundo locus foi obtida, mas os testes funcionais em presença de TUB não foram tão significativos quanto os obtidos após a transfecção do TOR-Lm. Na segunda parte desta dissertação avaliamos a eficácia da associação de TUB com um inibidor específico do transporte de nucleosídeos em mamíferos, nitrobenziltioinosina (NBMPR), visando reverter a toxicidade de TUB apenas no hospedeiro. Demonstramos que TUB tem uma potente ação anti-parasitária em culturas de Leishmania spp., e que o inibidor NBMPR é capaz de proteger células mamíferas de camundongos infectados da ação tóxica de TUB.<br>Gene identification associated with drug resistance has contributed to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of anti parasitic compounds. Using transfection and over-expression selection strategy we isolated two loci related with the resistance of tubercidin (TUB), a toxic analog purine. In the first locus we identified an ortholog of the TOR gene (TOxic nucleoside Resistance) in L. (L.) major (TOR-Lm), capable to render wild cells resistance to TUB after transfection and over-expression. Chromosomal location and identification of the second locus was done, but functional tests in the presence of TUB were not as significant as those obtained after TOR-Lm transfection. In the second part of this work, we evaluate the effectiveness of the association of TUB with an inhibitor specific to the mammals nucleoside transport, as nitrobenzylthioinosine (NBMPR), aimed at reversing the TUB toxicity only on the host. We first demonstrate that TUB has a potent anti-parasitic action in cultures of Leishmania spp. Then, we discuss the capacity of the NBMPR inhibitor to protect infected macrophages from the toxic effects of TUB.
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Rodrigues, Elisandra Márcia. "Estudos moleculares das fosforribosil pirofosfato sintetases." Universidade de São Paulo, 2004. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-18062008-085454/.
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Fosforribosil pirofosfato (PRPP) sintetases são enzimas de central importância em diversas vias metabólicas em todas as células. A enzima PRPP sintetase humana é constituída por um complexo composto de três subunidades catalíticas (PRSI, PRSII e PRSIII) e por proteínas homólogas de 39 e 41 kDa denominadas PRS Associated Proteins (PAPs) cuja função é desconhecida. A importância da PRPP sintetase em humanos, tem sido documentada pela identificação de uma desordem associada ao cromossomo X, resultando em uma atividade aumentada da PRPP sintetase.Em conseqüência se percebem concentrações elevadas na dosagem de ácido úrico, purino nucleotídeos levando ao desenvolvimento de patogenias como a gota e problemas neurológicos. Nesse sentido, realizaram-se estudos moleculares com o complexo enzimático que compõem as PRPP sintetases. Foram obtidos clones do gene hprsI em vetor de expressão pET29a(+) e a enzima foi expressa em bactérias Escherichia coli cepa BL21 (DE3). A proteína recombinante hPRSI foi purificada depois de fracionamento com sulfato de estreptomicina, sulfato de amônio e em coluna cromatográfica de troca iônica. O raio hidrodinâmico e o pI da enzima foram determinados usando respectivamente a técnica de espalhamento dinâmico de luz e o sistema Fast de eletroforese. A enzima foi caracterizada quanto ao seu enovelamento através da técnica de Dicroísmo Circular, apresentando um espectro característico de estrutura enovelada, composta predominantemente por a-hélices. Os genes hprsII e hpap4l-1 que codificam respectivamente para as proteínas hPRSI1 e HPAP41-1 foram clonados no vetor de clonagem pCR4-TOPO. A proteína recombinante hPAP39 foi clonada em vetor pMAL-c2X em fusão com a proteína Maltose Binding Protein (MBP) e expressa em E. coli. A proteína hPAP39 está em fase de purificação e foi submetida ao experimento de Imunoblotting. Investigações estruturais destas enzimas poderão trazer informações fundamentais para o conhecimento da via biossintética, assim como para o desenvolvimento de inibidores específicos visando o tratamento das desordens a elas associadas.<br>Phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) synthetases are enzymes of central importance in several metabolic pathways in all cells. The enzyme PRPP synthetase complex is composed of three catalytic subunitis (PRSI, PRSII and PRSIII) and homologous 39 and 41 kDa proteins termed PRPP synthetase-Associated Proteins (PAPs) which function is unknown. The importance of PRPP synthetase function in humans has been documented by the identification of an X chromosome-linked disorder associated with super activity of PRPP synthetase. As a consequence uric acid overproduction, purine nucleotide are observed resulting in the development of diseases such as gout and neurodevelopment impairment. In this line, molecular studies were done with the enzyme complex that constitutes the PRPP synthetases. Clones were obtained from the hprsI gene in the pET29a(+) expression vector and the enzyme was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) bacterial. The recombinant human PRSI enzyme was purified, after streptomicine and ammonium sulfate fractionation and by anion exchange chromatography. The hPRSI hydrodynamic radius and pI were determined using, respectively, measures of Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and isoeletrophocusing electrophoresis. In addition, according to circular dichroism spectroscopy, hPRSI prevalent secondary structure is a-helix. The hprsí and hpap41-1 genes that codify, respectively, to hPRSII and hPAP41-1 proteins were cloned in pCR4-TOPO cloning vector. The recombinant protein hPAP39 was cloned in the pMAl-c2X expression vector in fusion with the Maltose Binding Protein (MBP) and expressed in E.coli. A purification protocol is been establish for the hPAP39 protein and is submitted by imunoblotting technique. Structural investigation of these enzymes will provide information about the biosynthetic pathway de novo of purine nucleotides, as well as to development of specific inhibitors aiming at the treatment of the associated disorders.
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Barbosa, Sara Isabel Cadinha. "Compostos que interferem no metabolismo dos purina- e pirimidina-nucleótidos: utilização como agentes terapêuticos." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/5160.
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Projeto de Pós-Graduação/Dissertação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências Farmacêuticas<br>O conteúdo deste trabalho será desenvolvido em dois temas principais, um referente à
utilização de compostos que interferem no metabolismo dos purina- e pirimidinanucleótidos
como agentes antineoplásicos e outro referente à sua utilização como
agentes antivirais.
A síntese dos nucleótidos envolve a construção de ácidos nucleicos e a inserção dos
derivados de nucleótidos noutras vias bioquímicas, sendo responsável por inúmeras
funções do metabolismo celular.
Existem patologias que envolvem enzimas essenciais do metabolismo dos nucleótidos,
o que levou à síntese de novos fármacos. As doenças oncológicas continuam a matar
milhares de pessoas e um tratamento eficaz e com sucesso tem sido um desafio. O
mesmo se passa com algumas infeções virais, nomeadamente infeções provocadas pelo
HIV.
Para contornar os obstáculos enfrentados na terapia destas doenças têm sido usados
análogos de nucleótidos e/ou nucleósidos como agentes terapêuticos. Estes têm o
propósito de inibir a síntese de novo dos nucleótidos em determinadas etapas, estando
envolvidos na replicação e síntese do RNA e DNA nas células em divisão. Atuam por
inibição específica de enzimas no metabolismo dos nucleótidos/nucleósidos ou ainda
por incorporação no DNA ou no RNA. This study will be developed into two main subjects; one related to the use of
compounds which interfere with the metabolism of purine- and pyrimidine- nucleotides
as antineoplastic agents; another related to their use as antiviral agents.
The nucleotides’ synthesis involves the construction of nucleic acids and the
introduction of the nucleotides’ derivatives into other biochemical pathways and it is
responsible for numerous functions of cellular metabolism.
There are pathologies involving key enzymes from the nucleotides’ metabolism, which
led to the synthesis of new drugs. Cancer is a disease that continues killing thousands of
people, an effective and successful treatment has been a challenge. The same happens
with some viral infections, mainly infections caused by HIV.
To overcome the obstacles faced in the therapy of these diseases it has been used
nucleotide and/or nucleoside analogues as therapeutic agents. These agents have the
purpose of inhibiting the de novo nucleotide synthesis in certain steps, by being
involved in RNA and DNA replication and synthesis in dividing cells. They act by
specific enzymes inhibition in nucleotide/nucleoside metabolism and by incorporation
into DNA or RNA.
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Marsac, Roxane. "La déficience en Adénylosuccinate Lyase - de la déficience métabolique aux défauts musculaires en utilisant le Caenorhabditis elegans comme modèle animal." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0321.
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La voie de biosynthèse des purines est un réseau métabolique conservé de procaryotes à l'Homme, assurant l'homéostasie de l'ATP et du GTP. Les purines peuvent être synthétisées de novo, réutilisées ou produites par interconversion de métabolites existants à l'aide de la voie dite de recyclage. De plus, les intermédiaires peuvent agir en tant que métabolites signals régulant l'expression génique. Cette voie est bien caractérisée chez des micro-organismes tels la levure ou la bactérie, mais peu de choses sont connues chez les métazoaires. Différentes maladies sont associées à des déficiences enzymatiques de la voie de biosynthèse des purines conduisant à des anomalies neuro-musculaires, des comportements du spectre autistique et à un retard psychomoteur chez l'Homme. Nous nous sommes particulièrement intéressés à la déficience en Adénylosuccinate Lyase (ADSL), une enzyme impliquée dans la voie de novo et dans la voie de recyclage des purines, responsable des symptômes neuronaux et musculaires chez les patients.Pour mieux comprendre les mécanismes sous-jacents à cette déficience, nous avons établi C. elegans comme organisme modèle métazoaire pour étudier la voie de la biosynthèse des purines, et en particulier le déficit en ADSL. Dans notre étude, par alignement de séquence, profil HPLC et complémentation fonctionnelle chez la levure, nous avons montré que la voie de novo et la voie de recyclage sont fonctionnellement conservées chez C. elegans. Grâce à notre étude, nous sommes en mesure d’attribuer des phénotypes développementaux et tissus spécifiques à des étapes séparables du métabolisme des purines dans un organisme modèle métazoaire. Notre analyse montre que l'activité ADSL dans la voie de recyclage joue un rôle crucial pour le maintien de la lignée germinale, pour l'intégrité musculaire et pendant le développement post-embryonnaire<br>The purine biosynthesis pathway is a metabolic network conserved from prokaryotes to humans, ensuring ATP and GTP homeostasis. Purines can either be synthesized de novo, reused, or produced by interconversion of extant metabolites using the so-called recycling pathway. Moreover, intermediates can act as signal metabolites regulating gene expression. This pathway is well characterized in microorganisms such as heat or bacteria, but little is know about its regulation in metazoans. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies in purine synthesis enzymes leading to neuromuscular defects, autistic spectrum behaviors and psychomotor delay in humans. We focused our analysis on the deficiency of Adenylosuccinate Lyase (ADSL), which is an enzyme involved in the purine de novo and the recycling pathways causing neuronal and muscular symptoms in patients. To better understand mechanisms underlying this deficiency, we have established C. elegans as a metazoan model organism to study the purine biosynthesis pathway, specially the ADSL deficiency. In our study, by sequence alignment, HPLC profiling and functional complementation in yeast, we have shown that both the de novo and the recycling pathway are functionally conserved in C. elegans. Thanks to our study, we are able to ascribe developmental and tissue specific phenotypes to separable steps of the purine metabolism network in a metazoan model organism. Our analysis shows that ADSL activity in the recycling pathway plays a crucial role for germline maintenance, for muscle integrity and during the post-embryonic development
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Aoki, Juliana Ide. "Identificação de um gene que confere resistência a tubercidina em Leishmania (Leishmania) major." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/99/99131/tde-21022014-151125/.
Full textAbstract:
A identificação de genes relacionados com resistência a compostos antiparasitários tem contribuído para um melhor entendimento do mecanismo de ação de compostos antileishmania. Pouco se sabe sobre o mecanismo de ação do análogo de purina tubercidina (TUB) em Leishmania. Utilizando a estratégia de superexpressão após transfecção gênica, isolamos um locus de Leishmania (Leishmania) major, de 31 kb, capaz de conferir níveis de resistência quatro vezes maior que o parasita selvagem. Várias deleções desse locus foram geradas e a construção de 3 kb (pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI) também conferiu níveis de resistência quando comparado ao parasita elvagem. Através de análises no genoma de L. (L.) major, localizamos esse locus no cromossomo 31 e, no fragmento de 3 kb, um gene que codifica para uma proteína com função desconhecida até o momento (LmjF.31.2010). Esta proteína foi relacionada com resistência a TUB em todas as linhagens transfectadas analisadas (cosTUB2 e pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI), assim denominamos LmjF.31.2010, de proteína relacionada com resistência a TUB (PRRT). A quantificação relativa de transcritos de mRNA na construção pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI apresentou níveis altos de transcritos da PRRT. Foram gerados ainda mutantes de L. (L.) major e L. (L.) amazonensis resistentes a TUB e estes se apresentaram bem adaptados a concentrações altas de TUB, apresentando razão de resistência maior que 200 vezes, quando comparado com os respectivos parasitas selvagens. A PRRT também foi relacionada na resistência a TUB nos mutantes gerados, pois houve amplificação gênica de prrt. Os resultados obtidos neste trabalho fornecem dados para inferir a importância da PRRT no mecanismo relacionado com resistência a TUB.<br>The identification of genes associated with resistance to antiparasitic compounds has contributed to a better understanding of the mechanism of action of compounds against Leishmania. Little is known about the mechanism of action of purine analog tubercidin (TUB) in Leishmania. Using a strategy of gene overexpression after transfection, we isolated a locus of Leishmania (Leishmania) major, 31 kb, capable of conferring fold resistance four times greater than the wild type parasite. A set of deletions of this locus were generated and a 3 kb construction (pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI) conferred fold resistance twice than the wild type. Analysis of L. (L.) major genome, located this locus on chromosome 31 and on 3 kb fragment we identified a gene encoding a protein with unknown function (LmjF.31.2010). This protein has been related to TUB resistance in all strains analyzed (cosTUB2 and pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI), so we named mjF.31.2010 of protein related with resistance to TUB (PRRT). Relative quantification of mRNA transcripts in the construction pSNBR/3kbClaI-EcoRI showed high levels of PRRT transcripts.Mutants of L. (L.) major and L. (L.) amazonensis resistant to TUB were also generated and these were well adapted to high TUB concentrations, presenting fol resistance greater than 200 times when compared with their respective wild type. The PRRT was also related to TUB resistance mutants generated by PRRT gene amplification. Despite the high fold resistance presented by TUB resistant mutants, the ratio of expression of these mutant PRRT transfected and wild was similar to the wild type.
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Stefanello, Cristiano Miguel. "Avaliação de marcadores internos para estimativa de fluxo de digesta e proteína microbiana no duodeno de ruminantes." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10849.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of internal markers to estimate duodenal flow of digesta and duodenal microbial protein synthesis in cattle and sheep. Data and samples of in vivo digestibility trials, eight trials with sheep (n=204) and two with cattle (n=31) were used. All animals were cannulated in the duodenum, procedure previously conducted at the Laboratory of Food Science and Ruminants Nutrition at the Federal University of Santa Maria and Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Food Science at the University of the State of Santa Catarina. Internal markers, acid detergent fiber (ADF) and acid detergent lignin (ADL) were compared to estimate the flow of duodenal digesta. Purines in duodenal digesta were compared with purine derivatives (PD) excreted in urine as markers to estimate the flow of rumen microbial protein in the duodenum. In the latter case, different equations available in literature were tested to estimate the flow of microbial protein from urinary PD. It was concluded that ADF may be used as an internal marker to estimate duodenal flow of digesta in experimental animals cannulated in the duodenum where total fecal excretion is measured, and that the use of DP as a marker of duodenal flow of microbial protein is acceptable for cattle but not for sheep. In sheep, regardless of the equation used, the DP underestimated duodenal availability of rumen microbial protein.<br>O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar o uso de marcadores internos para estimativa de fluxo de digesta duodenal e de síntese de proteína microbiana duodenal em bovinos e ovinos. Foram utilizados dados e amostras de oito ensaios de digestibilidade in vivo com ovinos (n=204) e dois com bovinos (n=31), canulados no duodeno, previamente conduzidos no Laboratório de Bromatologia e Nutrição de Ruminantes da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria e no Laboratório de Nutrição Animal e Bromatologia da Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina. Para estimativa do fluxo de digesta duodenal, foram comparados os seguintes marcadores internos: fibra em detergente ácido (FDA) e lignina em detergente ácido (LDA). Para estimar o fluxo de proteína microbiana ruminal no duodeno, foi comparado o uso de purinas na digesta duodenal com os derivados de purinas (DP) excretados na urina como marcadores. Neste último caso, foram testadas diferentes equações disponíveis na literatura para estimar o fluxo de proteína microbiana a partir dos DP urinários. Concluiu-se que a FDA pode ser utilizada como marcador interno para estimar o fluxo duodenal de digesta em ensaios com animais canulados no duodeno, onde é medida a excreção total de fezes, e que o uso dos DP como marcadores do fluxo duodenal de proteína microbiana é aceitável em bovinos, mas não em ovinos. Em ovinos, independentemente da equação utilizada, os DP subestimam a disponibilidade duodenal de proteína microbiana ruminal.
Books on the topic "Puring"
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Budijanto, Putut. Pemberdayaan kelompok usaha kecil dan menengah di Jawa Tengah: Kasus penerapan teknologi pembuatan pupuk kompos super menuju terbentuknya unit industri di Kecamatan Puring, Kabupaten Kebumen. Pusat Analisa Perkembangan Ilmu Pengetahuan dan Teknologi, Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia, 2000.
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Association, American Gas. Purging principles and practice. 3rd ed. American Gas Association, 2001.
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Stone, T. W., ed. Purines. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07564-5.
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International Symposium on Human Purine and Pyrimidine Metabolism (6th 1988 Hakone-machi, Japan). Purine and pyrimidine metabolism in man VI. Plenum Press, 1989.
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editor, Berizzi Carlo, and Valeriani Enrico editor interviewer, eds. A colloquio con Franco Purini. Gangemi editore, 2014.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Puring"
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Grave, Riccardo Dalle, and Simona Calugi. "Puring module." In A Young Person’s Guide to Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Eating Disorders. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003342489-20.
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Robins, R. K., and G. D. Kini. "Purines and purine nucleoside analogues as antitumour agents." In The Chemistry of Antitumour Agents. Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0397-5_10.
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Gooch, Jan W. "Purging." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_9617.
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Sewell, A. C. "Purine." In Lexikon der Medizinischen Laboratoriumsdiagnostik. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49054-9_2593-1.
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Sewell, A. C. "Purine." In Springer Reference Medizin. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48986-4_2593.
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Smith, Ashlea. "Purging." In Encyclopedia of Child Behavior and Development. Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79061-9_2323.
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Kerkstra, Randy, and Steve Brammer. "Purging." In Injection Molding Advanced Troubleshooting Guide. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-56990-835-8_10.
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Kerkstra, Randy, and Steve Brammer. "Purging." In Injection Molding Advanced Troubleshooting Guide. Carl Hanser Verlag GmbH & Co. KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3139/9781569906460.010.
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Weik, Martin H. "purging." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_15159.
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Gooch, Jan W. "Purine." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_14618.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Puring"
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Nguyen, Van Bac, Iman Hajirasouliha, and Martin English. "Flexural strength and behaviour of cold rolled purlins with complex longitudinal stiffeners." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.2715.
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<p>This paper presents the flexural strength and behaviour of cold rolled channel and zed steel purlins with complex longitudinal web and flange stiffeners. The material properties at the section’s flat parts, corners, and stiffeners are obtained from tensile tests. A series of four-point beam bending tests is carried out to determine the buckling and ultimate bending capacities of these sections. Nonlinear Finite Element analysis (FEA) is developed to model the flexural strength of the purlins and validated against the experimental tests. True stress-strain data for materials due to cold working at different regions of the sections are incorporated into nonlinear analyses. Based on the validated FEA results for different sectional shapes and thicknesses, design formulae for determining flexural strength of purlin sections with complex stiffeners are developed.</p>
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Eriksen, Kristian, Roy Johnsen, and Stian Hauger. "Welding of CRA with Insufficient Purging Gas Impact on Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance." In CORROSION 2021. AMPP, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2021-16615.
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ABSTRACT During fabrication of piping systems discoloration (heat tint) in access of that accepted by welding standards such as Norsok M-601 is sometimes experienced.1 This is normally a result of insufficient purging gas. The effect on mechanical properties and corrosion resistance were investigated. Pipe spools made from 22Cr duplex stainless steel, 25Cr duplex stainless steel and titanium Gr. 2 were welded using argon purging gas with mixed-in oxygen at various concentrations to simulate insufficient purging. The mechanical testing included tensile testing, impact testing and hardness measurements while the corrosion testing included ASTM G482 – Method A pitting tests, critical pitting temperature measurements in simulated seawater and critical pitting potential measurements in simulated well fluids according to ASTM G61.14 The results from tensile testing, impact testing and hardness measurements showed that the tested materials were virtually unaffected by the purging gas conditions, except when welded with no purging gas at all. The corrosion testing also showed that the materials were more or less unaffected by the purging gas conditions, both in seawater service and in hydrocarbon service. The main conclusion of the work is that the integrity of piping systems in 22Cr duplex stainless steel, 25Cr duplex stainless steel and titanium Gr. 2 does not seem to be compromised by insufficient purging, as long as some level of purging gas is used for butt welds.
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Liu, Jingzhe, Yi Meng, Chun Li, and Jun Tie. "Research on purity control on high-purity copper by electrorefining." In 10th International Conference on Mechanical Engineering, Materials, and Automation Technology (MMEAT 2024), edited by Yunhui Liu and Zili Li. SPIE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.3046539.
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Almeida, Tatiana C., Rogaciano M. Moreira, Merlin C. E. Bandeira, et al. "Effect of Oxygen in Back Purging Gas on Localized Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Welded Joints with and without Post-weld Surface Treatment." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19445.
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Abstract Several Brazilian offshore pipelines are made of duplex stainless steel. In the welding processes, the oxygen content in back purging gas is controlled to prevent oxidation on the inner surface of welded joints. Understanding how the pitting corrosion resistance is affected by a higher oxygen level and how a post-weld surface treatment by pickling and passivation can improve the corrosion resistance is important in situations where the control of oxygen content is limited. In the present study, specimens welded with back purging gas containing 100 ppm and 200 ppm of oxygen and without back purging gas were investigated through ASTM(1) G48 A, and through corrosion tests under field simulated conditions. In these two last weld conditions, the specimens were also investigated after pickling and passivation treatments. No significant mass loss was observed and no pit was verified for 100 ppm. Without back purging gas and for 200 ppm of O2, the pitting resistance were improved after post-weld surface treatment.
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Almeida, Tatiana C., Rogaciano M. Moreira, Merlin C. E. Bandeira, et al. "Effect of Oxygen in Back Purging Gas on Corrosion Resistance of Super Duplex Welded Joints." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-21111.
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Abstract Several offshore pipelines in Pre-salt fields, Brazil, are made of Super Duplex stainless steel. When welded, in general, these materials present a decrease in its corrosion resistance. Welding procedures, materials properties, surface conditions and post-weld treatment have influence on the resistance to local corrosion Although there is a strict control regarding the contamination of back purging gas with oxygen, sometimes, this control may fail and the oxygen content may exceed this limit. Understanding if the pitting corrosion resistance is affected by a higher oxygen level and how a post-weld surface treatment by pickling and passivation can improve the corrosion resistance is important in situations where the control of oxygen content is limited. In the present study, specimens welded with back purging gas containing 100 ppm and 200 ppm of oxygen and without back purging gas were investigated through ASTM(1) G48-A, and through ASTM G48 method E6. The pitting resistance was improved after post-weld surface treatment for super duplex stainless steel.
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Čerňa, Igor, and Michal Hocek. "Direct C–H arylation of purines and purine nucleosides." In XIVth Symposium on Chemistry of Nucleic Acid Components. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/css200810327.
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Diurba, Richard. "Purity monitoring for ProtoDUNE." In Purity monitoring for ProtoDUNE. US DOE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1647047.
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Warren, Ted, Larry Morris, and John McPhearson. "Rapid H2 Purge With CO2 for Safer Plant Operations: Test Run Results." In ASME 2016 Power Conference collocated with the ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2016-59257.
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Hydrogen cooled generators need to undergo carbon dioxide (CO2) purging before being placed into service and when taken offline. This process typically takes 4 to 12 hours, and can take as long as 36 hours in extreme cases, to fully and safely purge a generator. Reducing the volume of hydrogen gas in these generators is essential for reducing the risks of explosions. If these purge times could be shortened, improvements in safety, shorter outages, and increased production could be realized. This paper describes plant testing of a CO2 Fast Degas purging system for hydrogen cooled generators. Results from eight test runs at two different plants are presented in tabular and graphical form. Mean reduction from pure hydrogen to less than 4% hydrogen was 39.8 minutes, while maintaining CO2 temperatures above 80°F (27°C). This eliminates the possibility of CO2 freeze up, and reduces the stress on the piping and the detrimental effects on the generator from extreme temperature swings that occur when CO2 is de-pressurized. These rapid purge rates were accomplished while maintaining the generator pressure within a set range. In order to achieve the minimum purge time, it is critical that mixing of the two gases be minimized during the purge operation. By utilizing the slope of the graphs provided, the system was optimized to minimize purge times to reach safe levels. Tests were performed on both purging operations, replacing hydrogen with CO2 and replacing air with CO2. Samples to analyze the generator gas purity were taken from the vent line using multiple thermal conductivity purity instruments to assure accurate results. The system was tested in both automatic and semi-automatic modes of operation. The fast degas system was found to significantly reduce generator purge times, reducing down time, and improve operator efficiency, positively affecting the overall safety profile of the plant.
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White, Mike, Jay Theilacker, and Maria Barba. "Conservation of Helium while Maintaining High System Purity." In Conservation of Helium while Maintaining High System Purity. US DOE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1993487.
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Botros, Kamal K., Andrew Hawryluk, and Dmitry Ryapolov. "Advances and Challenges in Purging Pipeline Sections: Field Measurements vs. 1D Purging Model." In 2020 13th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2020-9226.
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Abstract Effective purging of air out of a pipeline section before commissioning by direct displacement with natural gas has been safely practiced for decades with the recognition that flammable interfacial mixing zone between the driving gas (behind) and the air (ahead) is inevitable. In cases when the purge velocity is below a threshold dictated by the gravity current velocity (defined in AGA Purging Principles and Practices, 2001), natural gas being lighter than air can in fact ride over air being the heavier gas and short circuit the flow path to the vent at the other end of the pipe section, thus trapping behind pockets of air that could potentially introduce risk of internal explosion with subsequent damage to the pipe section and pose a safety issue to field personnel. Therefore, maintaining the purge velocity above this threshold by a good margin has been a common practice in the purging procedure to-date. In fact, maintaining the purge velocity above the threshold can be controlled by the injection press or flow, where tools and dynamic purging models have been successfully developed and proven to be useful. However, AGA recommends that the drive purge gas pressure be limited to 689 kPag (100 psig) in the inlet purge line to the pipe section to avoid the risk of detonation. In some cases when the inlet purge line is relatively small compared to the main pipe section, this limit on the purge pressure would result in gas/air interfacial velocity much lower than the threshold velocity, hence stratification will occur. This paper provides insight into the possibility of increasing the purge pressure above AGA limit to avoid stratification, while conforming to the safety aspects related to detonation. A purge model is developed to overcome the shortcoming in AGA purge software that limits the purge pressure to maximum of 689 kPag (100 psig). Field trial was conducted to validate the model which demonstrated, as a proof of concept, a successful purge procedure with purge pressure = 5517 kPag (800 psig) in NPS 1.5 purge line to purge nitrogen out of NPS 42, 5.8 km section of a pipeline.
Reports on the topic "Puring"
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Nair, Vasu. Rare 2-Substituted Purine Nucleosides. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb119120.
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Nair, Vasu. Rare 2-Substituted Purine Nucleosides. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb132700.
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Jaskierny, W., H. Jostlein, S. Pordes, P. A. Rapidis, and T. Tope. test of purging a small tank with argon. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/903417.
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K. Jean Forney, M.S., K. Jean Forney, M. S. Long-term Outcome of Women with Purging Disorder. Experiment, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18258/3354.
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Hanafee, J. E., R. G. Musket, and M. S. Stratman. High-purity beryllium foils. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5098327.
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Varma, A., J. F. Danovich, and C. R. Oprandi. Monitoring Nitrogen Purity by Gas Chromatography. Defense Technical Information Center, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada213577.
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Garrity, K. M., D. C. Ripple, and W. L. Tew. SRM 1967a: High-Purity Platinum Thermoelement. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.sp.260-183.
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Ping, Jonathan. China pursuing state objectives in astropolitics. East Asia Forum, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59425/eabc.1723543200.
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Soderberg, Mitchell. Development of Improved Noble Liquid Purity Measurements. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1670424.
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Clement, Russel E., Clyde Elliott, and Jon Fisher. High Purity ZnS/Ge Interference Filter Emittance. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada376584.
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