Journal articles: 'PVC - Polyvinyl chloride'

1

KUROSE, KEISUKE, TETSUJI OKUDA, SATOSHI NAKAI, TSUNG-YUEH TSAI, WATARU NISHIJIMA, and MITSUMASA OKADA. "HYDROPHILIZATION OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE SURFACE BY OZONATION." Surface Review and Letters 15, no. 06 (December 2008): 711–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x08011986.

Full text

Abstract:

The surface modification mechanism of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by ozonation was investigated to study the selective hydrophilization of PVC surface among other plastics. Infrared analysis confirmed the increase of hydrophilic groups. XPS analysis revealed that the increase was due to the structural change in chlorine group in PVC to hydroxylic acid, ketone, and carboxylic groups by ozonation. This chemical reaction by ozone could occur only for polymers with chlorides in its structure and resulted in the selective hydrophilization of PVC among various polymers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Mohammed, Maha J., Kadhum M. Shabeeb, and Bassam I. Khalil. "Effect of Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone on Polyvinyl Chloride-Graft-Acrylamide Membranes." Engineering and Technology Journal 38, no. 9A (September 25, 2020): 1305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.30684/etj.v38i9a.1319.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) was dehydrochlorinated by alkaline-solution (NaOH) in determining molarity (3.0 M) followed by grafting with acrylamide (AM) monomer onto dehydrochlorinated PVC (DHPVC) backbone by free-radical graft copolymerization to produce new grafted polymer referred as graft 3M. Then investigated the effect of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) addition on the grafted polymer. Membranes from pure PVC, graft 3M, and graft 3M/ PVP were synthesis via a phase inversion method. The successful AM grafting onto PVC was confirmed by characterization of the membranes by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) analysis, porosity, pore size, and contact angle measurements. The new synthesis (graft 3M) and (graft 3M/ PVP) membranes show excellent hydrophilicity in compared to pure PVC membranes, confirmed by higher pure water flux (PWF). The graft 3M/ 3wt.% PVP membrane exhibited the highest pure water permeate flux was about 540 L/m2 h at 28 °C of feed temperature and 1bar of pressure, i.e. was improved by about 270 times compared to the unmodified PVC membrane and 2.35 times compared to the graft 3M membrane.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Torres, L. M., João F. Silva, António Torres Marques, João Pedro Nunes, and Rogerio P. Marques. "Glass/Polyvinyl Chloride Composites." Materials Science Forum 636-637 (January 2010): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.636-637.214.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper summarizes the results obtained in the use of plastisols of vinyl chloride homopolymer (PVC), obtained by the process of emulsion polymerization, as thermoplastic matrix in the production of composite pipes and in pipe repairing. Two processing techniques commonly used with thermosetting matrices were studied: filament winding and hand lay up. The produced composite structures of PVC reinforced with glass fibres were subsequently subjected to tests in order to determine their mechanical properties. This paper concludes that it is possible to use the described technique for piping repairing with good results.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Gao, Shu-zhi, Xiao-feng Wu, Gui-cheng Wang, Jie-sheng Wang, and Zi-qing Chai. "Fault Diagnosis Method on Polyvinyl Chloride Polymerization Process Based on Dynamic Kernel Principal Component and Fisher Discriminant Analysis Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/7263285.

Full text

Abstract:

In view of the fact that the production process of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization has more fault types and its type is complex, a fault diagnosis algorithm based on the hybrid Dynamic Kernel Principal Component Analysis-Fisher Discriminant Analysis (DKPCA-FDA) method is proposed in this paper. Kernel principal component analysis and Dynamic Kernel Principal Component Analysis are used for fault diagnosis of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization process, while Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA) method was adopted to make failure data for further separation. The simulation results show that the Dynamic Kernel Principal Component Analyses to fault diagnosis of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization process have better diagnostic accuracy, the Fisher Discriminant Analysis (FDA) can further realize the fault isolation, and the actual fault in the process of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polymerization production can be monitored by Dynamic Kernel Principal Component Analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Chong, Ngee Sing, Saidi Abdulramoni, Dwight Patterson, and Heather Brown. "Releases of Fire-Derived Contaminants from Polymer Pipes Made of Polyvinyl Chloride." Toxics 7, no. 4 (November 11, 2019): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7040057.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to assess the human exposure risks from the release of contaminants from water pipes made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), experiments were carried out by subjecting the PVC pipe material to burning and leaching conditions followed by analysis of the emission and leachate samples. The emissions of burning pipes were analyzed by both infrared spectrometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The emission test results indicate the presence of chlorinated components including chlorine dioxide, methyl chloride, methylene chloride, allyl chloride, vinyl chloride, ethyl chloride, 1-chlorobutane, tetrachloroethylene, chlorobenzene, and hydrogen chloride were detected in the emissions of burning PVC pipes. Furthermore, the concentrations of benzene, 1,3-butadiene, methyl methacrylate, carbon monoxide, acrolein, and formaldehyde were found at levels capable of affecting human health adversely. The analysis of PVC pipe leachates using GC-MS shows that there are 40–60 tentatively identified compounds, mostly long-chain hydrocarbons such as tetradecane, hexadecane, octadecane, and docosane, were released when the burned PVC materials were soaked in deionized water for one week. Quantitative analysis shows that 2-butoxyethanol, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, and diethyl phthalate were found in the burned PVC polymer at the average levels of 2.7, 14.0, and 3.1 micrograms per gram (μg/g) of pipe material. This study has significant implications for understanding the benzene contamination of drinking water in the aftermath of wildfires that burned polymer pipes in California.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Dedov, A. V., and N. V. Chernousova. "Extraction of the stabilizer from rigid and plasticized PVC." Plasticheskie massy, no. 1-2 (March 19, 2020): 19–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2020-1-2-19-20.

Full text

Abstract:

The eﬃciency of the developed model for predicting the kinetics of the stabilizer extraction from rigid and plasticized polyvinyl chloride was assessed. The model shows high eﬃciency in the predicting the kinetics of the stabilizer extraction from rigid polyvinyl chloride. The extraction of the stabilizer from the plasticized polyvinyl chloride proceeds in two stages and the kinetic dependences do not obey the model equation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Cai, Haifeng, Yang Wang, Kai Wu, and Weihong Guo. "Enhanced Hydrophilic and Electrophilic Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Biofilm Carrier." Polymers 12, no. 6 (May 29, 2020): 1240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061240.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) biofilm carrier is used as a carrier for bacterial adsorption in wastewater treatment. The hydrophilicity and electrophilicity of its surface play an important role in the adsorption of bacteria. The PVC biofilm carrier was prepared by extruder, and its surface properties were investigated. In order to improve the hydrophilicity and electrophilic properties of the PVC biofilm carrier, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and cationic polyacrylamide (cPAM) were incorporated into polyvinyl chloride (PVC) by blending. Besides, the surface area of the PVC biofilm carrier was increased by azodicarbonamide modified with 10% by weight of zinc oxide (mAC). The surface contact angle of PVC applied by PVA and cPAM at 5 wt %, 15 wt % was 81.6°, which was 18.0% lower than pure PVC. It shows the significant improvement of the hydrophilicity of PVC. The zeta potential of pure PVC was −9.59 mV, while the modified PVC was 14.6 mV, which proves that the surface charge of PVC changed from negative to positive. Positive charge is more conducive to the adsorption of bacteria. It is obvious from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) images that holes appeared on the surface of the PVC biofilm carrier after adding mAC, which indicates the increase of PVC surface area.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Jiang, Liangpeng, Jingjing Fu, and Lihong Liu. "Seawater degradation resistance of straw fiber-reinforced polyvinyl chloride composites." BioResources 15, no. 3 (May 20, 2020): 5305–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.15.3.5305-5315.

Full text

Abstract:

To investigate the effect of seawater degradation on the mechanical, wear, and thermal properties of plant fiber-reinforced polymer composites, the seawater immersion test was performed on four types of straw fiber (wheat straw (WS), rice straw (RS), corn straw (CS), and sorghum straw (SS))-reinforced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) composites. The results revealed that seawater immersion would result in poor mechanical, wear, and thermal properties, and lower two-phase bonding quality, thermal mass loss, and thermal residual mass, as well as more serious abrasive wear. The SS/PVC and CS/PVC composites had the highest and lowest seawater degradation resistance, respectively. After 12 d seawater immersion, the tensile strength of the SS/PVC and CS/PVC composites decreased from 17.3 to 9.7 MPa and from 12.3 to 7.2 MPa, respectively; and the flexural strength of the SS/PVC and CS/PVC composites decreased from 34.2 to 20.1 MPa and from 28.0 to 15.3 MPa, respectively. However, the friction coefficient of the SS/PVC and CS/PVC composites increased from 0.21 to 0.27 and from 0.24 to 0.30, respectively; and the specific wear rate of the SS/PVC and CS/PVC composites increased from 0.73 × 10-5 mm3/N·m to 21.7 × 10-5 mm3/N·m and from 1.77 × 10-5 to 28.3 × 10-5 mm3/N·m.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Kumar, Rajeev, Mohd Omaish Ansari, Nazish Parveen, Mohamed A. Barakat, and Moo Hwan Cho. "Simple route for the generation of differently functionalized PVC@graphene–polyaniline fiber bundles for the removal of Congo red from wastewater." RSC Advances 5, no. 76 (2015): 61486–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ra10378a.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Takahashi, Tetsuya, and Teruo Kimura. "Recycling of Glass Fabric Coated by Polyvinyl Chloride." Progress in Rubber, Plastics and Recycling Technology 19, no. 2 (May 2003): 93–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/147776060301900203.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to stabilise recycled cutting waste of PVC coated glass fiber fabric (hereafter “PVC-GF”), a composite material having PVC as a matrix combined with hydrotalcite (hereafter “HT”) and zinc stearate (hereafter “ZS”) was prepared. The mechanical properties were measured and the inhibition effect of generating hydrogen chloride gas in heating was investigated. Cutting waste of PVC-GF was subjected to heated compression molding under various conditions to prepare specimens, and the bending strength was measured. The results showed that as the temperature increased from 120°C to 150°C and as heating the time was extended from 20 minutes to 45 inutes, the bending strength was greatly increased. In bending deformation, glass fibers contained in the specimens showed an effective reinforcing effect. The specimens combined with HT and ZS were obtained by injection molding. The starting time of generating hydrogen chloride gas in heat was investigated for the injection molded specimens. The result showed that the addition of both HT and ZS could greatly retard the time until hydrogen chloride gas was generated proving the benefits. Furthermore, the effect of UV irradiation on hydrogen chloride gas generation was investigated. It was clear that the starting time of hydrogen chloride gas generation was delayed by UV irradiation for the specimens with a relatively large amount (5-10 phr) of HT, as opposed to little change for the specimens with a relatively small amount (0-0.5 phr) of HT. This indicates that HT addition is effective for material recycling of PVC products used outdoors.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Lu, Sheng Jun, Zhi Min Zhou, Cai Hong Wang, and Jie Yu. "Study on the Process of Preparing Microporous Polyvinyl Chloride." Applied Mechanics and Materials 174-177 (May 2012): 864–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.174-177.864.

Full text

Abstract:

Microporous Poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC) was prepared by foaming of PVC powders using the solution of 2, 2’-azo-bis-iso-butyronitrile (AIBN) in co-solvent of butanone and cyclohexanone when heated. The effect of composition of solvent and quantity fraction of AIBN also preferred dioctyl phthalate (DOP) on the structure of microporous PVC is discussed. The results indicated that much microporosity with average size of 0.2-2μm can be generated when acetone is selected as solvent, 2% DOP and 10% AIBN are used. The microporous PVC is a potential desirable reactor to prepare CaCO3 nanoparticle.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Ahmed, Dina S., Mohammed Kadhom, Angham G. Hadi, Muna Bufaroosha, Nadia Salih, Wedad H. Al-Dahhan, and Emad Yousif. "Tetra Schiff Bases as Polyvinyl Chloride Thermal Stabilizers." Chemistry 3, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 288–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemistry3010021.

Full text

Abstract:

Tetra Schiff bases were used as thermal stabilizers to enhance the properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) when operated at high temperatures. The thermal stability of PVC films doped with Schiff bases was tested by the weight-loss method, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermal aging test, optical microscope, and atomic force microscope (AFM). Results showed that embedding these additives increased the stability time of the polymer, which decreased the degradation reaction tendency. Furthermore, the primary color of PVC was improved by adding the Schiff bases using oven-aging. In addition, these Schiff bases resulted in a significant reduction in PVC’s conjugated double bonds and, hence, the weight loss.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Wu, Hao, and You Ming Cao. "A Study of Polyvinyl Chloride Modified by Barium Sulfate." Applied Mechanics and Materials 117-119 (October 2011): 1402–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.117-119.1402.

Full text

Abstract:

PVC/BaSO4 composites were prepared by melt blending method. The mechanical properties, microstructure and thermal stability of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that BaSO4 decreased the tensile yield stress and improved the elongation at break of PVC composites. Ductile fracture characteristics such were observed in the tensile fracture surface of PVC/BaSO4 composites. The toughening mechanism was cavitations toughening mechanism and shear zone toughening mechanism. The reaction of dehydrochlorination was limited by the addition of BaSO4.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Soler, Aurora, Juan Conesa, and Nuria Ortuño. "Application of Subcritical Water to Dechlorinate Polyvinyl Chloride Electric Wires." Energies 11, no. 10 (October 1, 2018): 2612. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11102612.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) electric wires were subjected to dechlorination in subcritical water at three different temperatures in a high-pressure reactor. About 2.09, 73.08, and 95.96 wt % of chlorine in PVC wires was removed during dechlorination at 200 °C, 250 °C, and 300 °C, respectively. The solid residues were analyzed and characterized by thermogravimetry, at three different heating rates (5 °C, 10 °C, and 20 °C/min) in inert and oxidizing atmosphere. With the purpose of studying the emission of chlorinated pollutants, pyrolysis experiments at 850 °C were also performed in a laboratory-scale reactor with the dechlorinated materials, as well as with the original PVC electric wire. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) formation increased, but chlorobenzenes (ClBz) and chlorophenols (ClPh) formation decreased as the temperature of dechlorination increased; naphthalene was the most abundant PAH and monochlorobenzene and monochlorinated phenols (3-+4-) were the most abundant chlorinated compounds.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Bagherinia, Mohammad Ali, Milad Sheydaei, and Masoud Giahi. "Graphene oxide as a compatibilizer for polyvinyl chloride/rice straw composites." Journal of Polymer Engineering 37, no. 7 (August 28, 2017): 661–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/polyeng-2016-0249.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract In this study, polyvinyl chloride (PVC)/rice straw (RS)/graphene oxide (GO) sustainable nanocomposite was prepared using the direct compounding method. Structural, morphological and mechanical properties of fabricated sustainable nanocomposites were compared with unfilled and RS-filled PVC compounds. Mechanical characteristics of PVC decreased with loading RS fibers. The main reason for the mechanical failure of PVC/RS composite is the incompatibility between PVC and RS fibers. GO nanosheets are used here to improve the compatibility between RS fibers and PVC macromolecules. Compared to the neat PVC, maximum strength of the RS/GO-loaded PVC composite increased up to 31%, with incorporating only 1 wt% of GO nanosheets. This enhancement in the mechanical characteristics of PVC/RS/GO nanocomposite can only be due to the role of GO nanosheets as a compatibilizer, as 1 wt% GO loading can only increase the mechanical strength of PVC compounds up to 9%. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results are used here to study the nature of these behaviors. It is suggested that the non-covalent and physical interactions between cellulose/hemicellulose portions of RS fibers and GO functional groups result in the enhancement of mechanical characteristics. Consequently, GO can be considered as a new compatibilizer for fabricating high performance PVC-based sustainable nanocomposites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Saroja, Gancang, Suyatman Suyatman, and Nugraha Nugraha. "Magnetic Levitation for Separation of Plastic Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)." Natural B 1, no. 4 (October 1, 2012): 337–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.natural-b.2012.001.04.6.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Li, Lie, Xue Ying Nai, Gui Min Qian, Dong Hai Zhu, and Wu Li. "Mechanical Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites Reinforced with Magnesium Borate Whiskers." Advanced Materials Research 821-822 (September 2013): 1143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.821-822.1143.

Full text

Abstract:

To improve the strength and toughness performance of PVC, the resin reinforced with magnesium borate whiskers (MBOW ) were prepared by mixing whiskers into liquid PVC at room temperature. The effects of borate coupling agent (SBW-III) and contents of MBOw (0~30wt%) on tensile of PVC and composites were studied. The compatibility, hydrophilicity and morphology of MBOw/PVC composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR), surface contact angle measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) respectively. The results show that both the chemical bonding and physically adsorbed layers exist between MBOw and SBW-III. The surface of modified MBOw is hydrophobic which improves the binding force between PVC and treated MBOw, and the dispersibility of MBOw in PVC significantly. The tensile and the elastic modulus of the SBW-III-treated MBOw /PVC composites increase in comparison to that of the composites filled with untreated MBOw.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Xu, Jing, Naoki Tazawa, Shogo Kumagai, Tomohito Kameda, Yuko Saito, and Toshiaki Yoshioka. "Simultaneous recovery of high-purity copper and polyvinyl chloride from thin electric cables by plasticizer extraction and ball milling." RSC Advances 8, no. 13 (2018): 6893–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8ra00301g.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Riyanto, Riyanto, Mohamed Rozali Othman, and Jumat Salimon. "ELECTROCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF ETHANOL USING Ni-Co-PVC COMPOSITE ELECTRODE." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 11, no. 1 (July 12, 2011): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21424.

Full text

Abstract:

The morphological characteristics and electrochemical behavior of nickel metal foil (Ni), nickel-polyvinyl chloride (Ni-PVC) and nickel-cobalt-polyvinyl chloride (Ni-Co-PVC) electrodes in alkaline solution has been investigated. The morphological characteristics of the electrode surface were studied using SEM and EDS, while the electrochemical behavior of the electrodes was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV). It was found that composite electrodes (Ni-PVC and Ni-Co-PVC) have a porous, irregular and rough surface. In situ studies using electrochemical technique using those three electrodes exhibited electrochemical activity for redox system, as well as selectivity in the electrooxidation of ethanol to acetic acid. The studies also found that an electrokinetics and electrocatalytic activity behaviors of the electrodes prepared were Ni metal foil

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Cheng, Huan Xin, Zhuo Lin Miao, and Peng Li. "Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Production Plant Control System Optimization." Advanced Materials Research 655-657 (January 2013): 1435–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.655-657.1435.

Full text

Abstract:

In the industrial production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), large number of loops and low self-control rate can cause a few problems, such as poor loop tuning of PID regulator parameters, poor maneuverability of automation, big device fluctuations, lots of alarms as well as the lack of stability. Thus, control procedure optimizing and PID algorithm are adopted to control the system. Firstly, operating point without automation before is to put into automation now. It aims to improve the operational stability and reach the device self-control rate to more than 95%. Then, advanced control theory is adopted to optimize the controller form and tuning PID parameters to achieve fast response, strong anti-jamming, device control stability effect.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Es-Saheb, M. H. H. "The Cold Compaction of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Powders." Journal of King Saud University - Engineering Sciences 6, no. 1 (1994): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1018-3639(18)30601-9.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Xiong, Chuanxi, Shengjun Lu, Dongyan Wang, Lijie Dong, David D. Jiang, and Qinggang Wang. "Microporous polyvinyl chloride: novel reactor for PVC/CaCO3nanocomposites." Nanotechnology 16, no. 9 (July 18, 2005): 1787–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/16/9/063.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Abdullah, Isam Tareq, Sabah Khammass Hussein, and Abbas Khammas Hussein. "Joining of AA6061 to polyvinyl chloride via hot extrusion." International Journal of Structural Integrity 11, no. 2 (October 29, 2019): 286–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijsi-08-2019-0081.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to join aluminium alloy AA6061 with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheets using the friction spot technique. Design/methodology/approach The AA6061 specimen was drilled with a semi-conical hole and put over the PVC specimen with a lap configuration. A friction spot technique was used to generate the required heat to melt and extrude the PVC through the aluminium hole. In this study, three process parameters were used: time, plunging depth and rotating speed of the tool. Thermal finite element model was built to analyse the process temperature. Effect of the process parameters on the joint shear strength and temperature was analysed using the design of experiments method. The microstructure investigation of the joint cross section was examined. Findings The input heat melted and extruded the polymer into the aluminium hole with the aid of tool pressure. A mechanical interlock was observed at the interface line between the polymer and aluminium. The scattered aluminium fragments into the molten polymer increased the shear strength of the joint. The hole diameter exhibited the highest effect on the joint strength compared with the other parameters. Specimen of minimum hole diameter recorded the maximum shear strength of 224 MPa. The proposed model gave a good agreement with the experimental data. Originality/value For the first time, the PVC was joined with AA6061 by the hot extrusion using the friction spot technique. The shear strength of joint reached 7.5 times of the base material (PVC).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Mohammed, Nisreen S., Bashar Abid Hamza, Najla’a H. AL-Shareef, and Husam H. Hussein. "Structural Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Containing Fine Waste Aggregates of Polyvinyl Chloride." Buildings 11, no. 1 (January 12, 2021): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11010026.

Full text

Abstract:

In several areas worldwide, the high cost and shortage of natural resources have encouraged researchers and engineers to explore the serviceability and feasibility of using recycled aggregates in concrete mixtures, substituting a normal aggregate percentage. This technique has advantages for the environment by reducing the accumulation of waste materials, while it impacts the fresh and hardened concrete performances, reducing workability, flexural strength, compressive strength, and tensile strength. However, most studies have investigated the influence of replacing normal aggregates with waste aggregates on the concrete mechanical properties without examining the impact of using waste materials on concrete structural performance. The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of replacing 75% of sand volume with polyvinyl chloride (PVC) fine waste aggregates on the performance of reinforced concrete slabs. Different thicknesses of the concrete layer (0%, 25%, 50%, and 100% of slab thickness) containing PVC fine waste aggregates are investigated. Based on the reductions in the toughness and flexural strength capacity due to incorporating 75% PVC fine aggregate dosage, two approaches are used to strengthen the slabs with 75% PVC fine aggregates. The first approach is adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) to the PVC fine aggregate concrete mix to improve the mechanical properties of the concrete. The PVA increases the water viscosity in the concrete, which reduces the dry out phenomenon. With that said, the PVA modified fresh concrete does enable the use of the limits of the PVC fine aggregate dosage for high dosage plastic aggregate concrete. The second approach uses two fiber wire mesh layers as an additional reinforcement in the tested slab. Results show that the PVC-30 slab exhibits an 8% decrease in total area toughness compared to the control (Con) slab, while for PVC-60 slab toughness, the total area shows 26% less. Additionally, the inclusion of PVA in the concrete with 75% PVC plastic waste fine aggregate replacement greatly influences the pre-and post-cracking ductile performance among other slabs, representing that using PVA with higher contents might increase the flexural performance. Therefore, due to the substantial effect of PVA material on the concrete flexural performance, it is proposed to utilize PVA with an optimum PCV fine aggregate dosage in the concrete mix.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Gui, Wenjun, Xuan Zhu, and Ying Yang. "Selective enrichment of low concentration Au(iii) from acidic chloride media by poly ionic liquid sorbent." RSC Advances 6, no. 67 (2016): 62336–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra11270f.

Full text

Abstract:

Hydrophilic ionic liquid (imidazolium chloride, imCl)–polyvinyl chloride ionomer (imCl–PVC) as a green sorbent to recover precious gold from acidic chloride solution was characterized by SEM, FTIR, XPS and NMR.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Refaat, A., M. A. Ibrahim, H. Elhaes, R. Badry, H. Ezzat, I. S. Yahia, H. Y. Zahran, and Mohd Shkir. "Geometrical, vibrational and physical properties of polyvinyl chloride nanocomposites: Molecular modeling approach." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 18, no. 08 (December 2019): 1950037. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633619500378.

Full text

Abstract:

B3LYP/6-31G([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) quantum mechanical calculations were conducted to study polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and PVC with metal oxides (ZnO and CuO). Accordingly, model molecules for PVC; PVC/[Formula: see text]ZnO; PVC/[Formula: see text]CuO and PVC/[Formula: see text]ZnO/[Formula: see text]CuO, where [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], 2 and 3, were proposed. The calculated results of total dipole moment (TDM), HOMO–LUMO energy band gap, and molecular electrostatic potentials (ESPs) indicated that the conductivity of PVC is increased and its surface became more reactive due to interaction with metal oxides. The effect of hydration on PVC was also studied at the same level of theory in order to assess the effect of up to 23 water molecules on PVC. The TDM value of PVC is increased but HOMO/LUMO band gap energy value is decreased because of hydration. Moreover, the results of calculated ESP indicated that the reactivity in the presence of water molecules increased, which could indicate possible degradation of PVC. Additionally, some geometrical parameters were studied. Furthermore, the scaled infrared spectrum (IR) for PVC was also calculated at B3LYP/6-31G ([Formula: see text], [Formula: see text]) and indicated that there are two bands at 2990[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] and 2975[Formula: see text]cm[Formula: see text] in comparison with Fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR).

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Aseeri, Jumaa, Naser M. Alandis, Waffa Mekhamer, and Manawwer Alam. "Miscibility studies of polystyrene/polyvinyl chloride blend in presence of organoclay." Open Chemistry 17, no. 1 (October 29, 2019): 927–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2019-0095.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractPolystyrene (PS)/ polyvinyl chloride (PVC) blends of different compositions, with and without organoclay (OC) were prepared by a solution casting method. PS and PVC were combined in ratios of 100/0, 90/10, 10/90, and 0/100. Local clay was treated with 0.5M NaCl to generate sodium clay (Na-clay). The Na-clay was subsequently modified using the cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), at a concentration of 0.5 times that of Na-clay. The CPC-modified clay was denoted as organoclay (OC). The organoclay was dispersed in PS/PVC blends (90/10 and 10/90) with different weight percentages of OC (0%, 1%, 5%, and 10%). To evaluate the miscibility of PS/PVC blends, the blends with and without OC were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). The addition of OC to the PS/PVC blends produced exfoliated nanocomposites, as proven by XRD. The SEM and TEM micrographs showed that the PS/PVC(10/90) blend components were more miscible than those of the PS/PVC(90/10) blend, leading to favorable morphology.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

El Zayat, Mohamed Yousef Farag. "X-Ray Diffraction and Differential Scanning Calorimetry of BaTiO3/ Polyvinyl Chloride Nanocomposites." International Journal of Advances in Scientific Research 1, no. 10 (December 30, 2015): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.7439/ijasr.v1i10.2745.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractAiming to improve the inferior properties of polyvinyl chloride polymer, (BaTiO3)x(PVC)100-x composite samples were prepared and investigated. The structural changes of the composite (BaTiO3)x(PVC)100-x were studied as a function of BT content using FTIR, XRD and DSC measurements. Attention is paid to the tetragonality changes during composition changes.It was found that the hindrance to the PVC crystallization becomes less and less serious with the increase of BT ratio in the composite. This behavior could be attributed to the interaction between Ba+2 ions and Chlorine in the polymer. The FTIR spectra indicate a clear interaction between PVC and BaTiO3 particles as is concluded from XRD results.The Scherrer formula was used to estimate the grain size for the included BT in the (BT)x (PVC)100x composite samples. The composite samples show abnormally small tetragonality for its BT content less than unity (?/a < 1). It seems that in (BaTiO3)x(PVC)100-x composite samples, the stress that stabilized the tetragonal phase of the core regions of BT decreased, leading to lower tetragonality (c/a ratio). It seems that Tg of the composite samples increases with the increase of its BT content. Also DSC results reveal the increase of crystallization with the increase of BT content in the composite.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Webb, Jeremy S., Marianne Nixon, Ian M. Eastwood, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Geoffrey D. Robson, and Pauline S. Handley. "Fungal Colonization and Biodeterioration of Plasticized Polyvinyl Chloride." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 66, no. 8 (August 1, 2000): 3194–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.66.8.3194-3200.2000.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Significant substratum damage can occur when plasticized PVC (pPVC) is colonized by microorganisms. We investigated microbial colonization of pPVC in an in situ, longitudinal study. Pieces of pPVC containing the plasticizers dioctyl phthalate and dioctyl adipate (DOA) were exposed to the atmosphere for up to 2 years. Fungal and bacterial populations were quantified, and colonizing fungi were identified by rRNA gene sequencing and morphological characteristics.Aureobasidium pullulans was the principal colonizing fungus, establishing itself on the pPVC between 25 and 40 weeks of exposure. A group of yeasts and yeast-like fungi, includingRhodotorula aurantiaca and Kluyveromyces spp., established themselves on the pPVC much later (after 80 weeks of exposure). Numerically, these organisms dominated A. pullulans after 95 weeks, with a mean viable count ± standard error of 1,000 ± 200 yeast CFU cm−2, compared to 390 ± 50 A. pullulans CFU cm−2. No bacterial colonization was observed. We also used in vitro tests to characterize the deteriogenic properties of fungi isolated from the pPVC. All strains of A. pullulans tested could grow with the intact pPVC formulation as the sole source of carbon, degrade the plasticizer DOA, produce extracellular esterase, and cause weight loss of the substratum during growth in vitro. In contrast, several yeast isolates could not grow on pPVC or degrade DOA. These results suggest that microbial succession may occur during the colonization of pPVC and that A. pullulans is critical to the establishment of a microbial community on pPVC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Pirguliyeva, M. S., and А. М. Guliyev. "EPOXY-CONTAINING ADDUCTS OF ROSIN ASLIGHT- AND THERMOSTABILIZERS FOR PVC." Chemical Problems 18, no. 4 (2020): 457–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/2221-8688-2020-4-457-463.

Full text

Abstract:

The thermo- and light-stabilizing activity of glycidyloxycarbonyl- and glycidyloxymethylsubstituted derivatives of the sulphur-containing rosin in the compositions on the basis of plasticized polyvinyl chloride were studied. It found that the proposed epoxy-derivative adducts of rosin possess thermal stability allowing them to withstand the processing temperature of polyvinyl chloride compositions. The developments showed that the proposed stabilizers can protect the polymer matrix against light radiation. It revealed that the film samples prepared with the help of the proposed stabilizers showed the high thermal stability, impact resistance, good frost resistance and mechanical strength.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Lavrov, N. A., and E. V. Belukhichev. "Use of copolymer of vinyl chloride with vinyl acetate as a compatibilizer of polyvinyl chloride with low density polyethylene." Plasticheskie massy, no. 9-10 (November 2, 2019): 11–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2019-9-10-11-13.

Full text

Abstract:

The influence of a vinyl chloride – vinyl acetate copolymer on the compatibility of polyvinyl chloride and low density polyethylene in the production of rigid PVC films by the calender method is considered.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Alwaan, I. M. "Kinetics of Thermal Degradation of Recycled Polyvinyl Chloride Resin." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/701092.

Full text

Abstract:

The goal of this study is to find the effect of time and temperature on the thermal degradation of recycled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. The isothermal rate of reaction(r)of recycled PVC resin was investigated at the following temperatures to: 100, 110, 120, 130, and 140°C at period of times ranging from 10 to 50 min. The result shows that the rate of reaction(r)of recycled PVC increases with increasing temperatures. The reaction rate constant(K)for temperatures ranging from 100 to 140°C was doubled from 0.028–0.056 mol·L−1·S−1. The process was found to be zero order reaction at all range of temperatures 100–140°C. The activation energy of the thermal weight loss was calculated at different temperatures(E/R = 2739.5°K). The average enthalpy and entropy of reaction at temperature of 298°K were determined.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Kusakabe, K., T. Steven, JY Ong, Y. Uemura, and K. Ikenaga. "Cohydrothermal carbonization of waste polyvinyl chloride and wood chip for dechlorination." E3S Web of Conferences 287 (2021): 04008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128704008.

Full text

Abstract:

The co-hydrothermal carbonization (Co-HTC) of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film and wood chip (WC) was conducted at 200-260oC in an autoclave filled in air or nitrogen for the chemical recycling of wastes with dechlorination of PVC. Effects of the Co-HTC temperature and the oxidation reaction during the Co-HTC on the decomposition behaviors were investigated. The percentage decomposition in nitrogen atmosphere increased with increasing the reaction temperature and reached 76.1% at 260oC. The percentage decompositions in nitrogen were several percent higher than those in air. The synergistic effect of PVC and WC for the decomposition was observed at 220oC in N2. When the Co-HTC was performed in air, decomposition was suppressed, indicating the increase in hydrochar yield. The dechlorination yield was determined from the Cl content in the recovered PVC after the Co-HTC reaction. Under nitrogen atmosphere conditions, the dechlorination yield increased slightly with increasing the temperature. At a carbonization temperature of 260oC, the dechlorination yield of PVC was about 40%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Wu, Hao, and You Ming Cao. "Preparation and Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride/Nitrile Butadiene Rubber/Barium Sulfate Composites." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 335–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.335.

Full text

Abstract:

The composites composed of PVC, NBR and BaSO4 particles were prepared by melt blending method. The mechanical properties, microstructure and thermal stability of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the elongation at break of PVC was greatly improved by addition of NBR, while the tensile strength was decreased. The elongation at break and the tensile strength of PVC/NBR composites first increased and then decreased with the increasing content of BaSO4, and the maximum were emerged at 5phr BaSO4 addition. The initial decomposition temperature of the composites composed of PVC, NBR and BaSO4 is 10.79°C greater than that of the composites composed of PVC and NBR. The scanning electron microscopy photograph showed that NBR and BaSO4 particles were uniformly dispersed in the PVC matrix when the addition of NBR and BaSO4 particles was low.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Li, Tianjin, Shuguang Shen, Bei Cai, Yuemei Wang, Xin Peng, and Yehui Li. "High-performance carbon-based solid acid prepared by environmental and efficient recycling of PVC waste for cellulose hydrolysis." RSC Advances 6, no. 94 (2016): 91921–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6ra13358d.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Kablov, V. F., N. A. Keibal, T. V. Krekaleva, M. A. Moskvicheva, A. G. Stepanova, O. K. Soboleva, and A. V. Sychev. "EFFECT OF MODIFIED MAGNESIUM HYDROXIDE ON POLYVINYL CHLORIDE PLASTICATES." IZVESTIA VOLGOGRAD STATE TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, no. 5(252) (May 28, 2021): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35211/1990-5297-2021-5-252-74-79.

Full text

Abstract:

The work is devoted to the study of the effect of magnesium hydroxide modified with a phosphorus boron-containing oligomer (PBO) on physical and mechanical properties and the reduction of combustibility of compositions based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Tests have shown that the addition of modified magnesium hydroxide to the polyvinyl chloride compositions provides a material of reduced flammability while providing improved tensile strength and hardness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Kawski, A., B. Kukliński, and T. Nowosielski. "Absorption and Fluorescence Properties of p-Substituted Stilbenes in Poly (vinyl chloride) Film." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 50, no. 12 (December 1, 1995): 1175–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1995-1221.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Experimental studies have demonstrated that the absorption and fluorescence spectra of linear molecules with one double bond, i.e. 4-amino-4'-nitrostilbene (ANS), 4-dimethylamino-4'-nitro-stilbene (DNS) and 4,4'-diphenylstilbene (DPS), contained in preheated to 393 K or nonheated polyvinyl chloride) (PVC) films are identical in shape and position, unlike those observed for ANS, DNS and DPS in polyvinyl alcohol) (PVA) films. For polar ANS and DNS molecules in PVC film a decrease in the emission anisotropy with growing wavelength of the fluorescence band was observed. This unusual behaviour of the emission anisotropy is accounted for by the overlap of two close emission bands from different luminescent centres, resulting from different microenvironments of the ANS and DNS molecules in PVC film. The emission anisotropy of nonpolar DPS molecule in PVC does not change within the fluorescence spectrum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Webb, Jeremy S., Henny C. Van der Mei, Marianne Nixon, Ian M. Eastwood, Malcolm Greenhalgh, Simon J. Read, Geoffrey D. Robson, and Pauline S. Handley. "Plasticizers Increase Adhesion of the Deteriogenic Fungus Aureobasidium pullulans to Polyvinyl Chloride." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 8 (August 1, 1999): 3575–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.8.3575-3581.1999.

Full text

Abstract:

ABSTRACT Initial adhesion of fungi to plasticized polyvinyl chloride (pPVC) may determine subsequent colonization and biodeterioration processes. The deteriogenic fungus Aureobasidium pullulans was used to investigate the physicochemical nature of adhesion to both unplasticized PVC (uPVC) and pPVC containing the plasticizers dioctyl phthalate (DOP) and dioctyl adipate (DOA). A quantitative adhesion assay using image analysis identified fundamental differences in the mechanism of adhesion of A. pullulans blastospores to these substrata. Adhesion to pPVC was greater than that to uPVC by a maximum of 280% after a 4-h incubation with 108 blastospores ml−1. That plasticizers enhance adhesion to PVC was confirmed by incorporating a dispersion of both DOA and DOP into the blastospore suspension. Adhesion to uPVC was increased by up to 308% in the presence of the dispersed plasticizers. Hydrophobic interactions were found to dominate adhesion to uPVC because (i) a strong positive correlation was observed between substratum hydrophobicity (measured by using a dynamic contact angle analyzer) and adhesion to a range of unplasticized polymers including uPVC, and (ii) neither the pH nor the electrolyte concentration of the suspension buffer, both of which influence electrostatic interactions, affected adhesion to uPVC. In contrast, adhesion to pPVC is principally controlled by electrostatic interactions. Enhanced adhesion to pPVC occurred despite a relative reduction of 13° in the water contact angle of pPVC compared to that of uPVC. Furthermore, adhesion to pPVC was strongly dependent on both the pH and electrolyte concentration of the suspension medium, reaching maximum levels at pH 8 and with an electrolyte concentration of 10 mM NaCl. Plasticization with DOP and DOA therefore increases adhesion ofA. pullulans blastospores to pPVC through an interaction mediated by electrostatic forces.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Pang, Erwei, Weijun Liu, Shuhua Zhang, Nengshuo Fu, and Zhongxun Tian. "Characteristics of Low-Temperature Polyvinyl Chloride Carbonization by Catalytic CuAl Layered Double Hydroxide." Processes 8, no. 1 (January 17, 2020): 120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8010120.

Full text

Abstract:

A good way to make carbon materials was presented in low-temperature polyvinyl chloride (PVC) carbonization by catalysis. The process of low-temperature PVC carbonization by CuAl-layered double hydroxide (CuAl-LDH) was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and tubular furnace. The results show that CuAl-LDH accounting for 5% of PVC mass enabled acceleration of the dehydrochlorination in PVC as soon as possible and maximized the yield of the PVC carbonized product. The vacuum with 0.08 MPa, 20 °C/min heating rate and 90 min carbonized maintenance time were optimal for PVC carbonization. Moreover, the best morphology and yield of the carbonized product was provided at a carbonization temperature of 300 °C.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Lu, Fang, Hailiang Liu, Changfa Xiao, Xinya Wang, Kaikai Chen, and Heng Huang. "Effect of on-line stretching treatment on the structure and performance of polyvinyl chloride hollow fiber membranes." RSC Advances 9, no. 12 (2019): 6699–707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00265k.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Pardo-Rodríguez, María Luisa, and Patricia Joyce Pamela Zorro-Mateus. "Biodegradation of polyvinyl chloride by Mucor s.p. and Penicillium s.p. isolated from soil." Revista de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación 11, no. 2 (February 15, 2021): 387–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.19053/20278306.v11.n2.2021.12763.

Full text

Abstract:

PVC is one of the most widely used plastics today and the one that produces the most waste. In recent years, microorganisms capable of degrading it have been reported, most of which come from environments in which PVC is accumulated. The aim of this work was to study the degradation of PVC without plasticizer, from fungi isolated from a soil sample contaminated with PVC resin. The fungi were isolated and morphologically characterized, 30 morphospecies were obtained, 8 were chosen to undergo preliminary tests in a medium whose only carbon source was a PVC film. Growth curves of the two isolates with better results were made and their molecular identification showed that they corresponded to Penicillium sp. and Mucor sp., the latter gained biomass from PVC and in both cases, the films showed visible changes, which were supported by infrared spectra. Although the results shown in this article are preliminary, they open the door to new forms of PVC waste degradation that are very persistent.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Nguyen, Hoang Phong, Peifeng Cheng, and Tat Thang Nguyen. "Properties of Stone Matrix Asphalt Modified with Polyvinyl Chloride and Nano Silica." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 19, 2021): 2358. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142358.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, the effects of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and nano silica (NS) as modifiers on the properties of stone matrix asphalt (SMA) were studied. The experiment was performed with five modes: 1% NS was mixed into SMA; 5% PVC was mixed into SMA; and the ratio of NS was changed (1, 2, and 3%) with 5% PVC being mixed into SMA. The properties of modified and unmodified SMA materials were determined and compared by performing the penetration test, softening points test, viscosity measurements, dynamic shear rheometry, and multiple stress creep recovery under aging conditions. Moreover, the properties of the modified SMA were also determined in terms of Marshall stability, water stability, and rutting resistance. The obtained results indicate that the physical properties of SMA materials could be significantly improved by using a combination of PVC and NS as a modifier. Moreover, the SMA mixtures modified with PVC and NS exhibited high Marshall stability, good moisture damage resistance, and rutting resistance. Modified SMA mixtures with 5% PVC and 1% NS exhibited the best quality. This research has opened up a new avenue for the development of effective additives for SMA materials.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Shen, Zhaobing, Hong Zhao, Yue Liu, Zeyuan Kan, Ping Xing, Jinguang Zhong, and Biao Jiang. "Mercury-free nitrogen-doped activated carbon catalyst: an efficient catalyst for the catalytic coupling reaction of acetylene and ethylene dichloride to synthesize the vinyl chloride monomer." Reaction Chemistry & Engineering 3, no. 1 (2018): 34–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7re00201g.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Savoie, E., J. C. Gagnon, G. J. Doyon, and F. Brunet. "Evaluation of the ethylene permeability of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)." Packaging Technology and Science 6, no. 4 (July 1993): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pts.2770060404.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Green, Joseph. "Recent developments in plasticized flame retardant polyvinyl chloride (PVC)." Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology 13, no. 1 (March 1991): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/vnl.730130105.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Vassie, L. H., R. J. Roach, J. R. Tyrer, and B. L. Sharp. "Fumes generated during laser processing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)." Optics & Laser Technology 27, no. 1 (February 1995): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0030-3992(95)93956-r.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Khandare, Shrikant D., Doongar R. Chaudhary, and Bhavanath Jha. "Bioremediation of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) films by marine bacteria." Marine Pollution Bulletin 169 (August 2021): 112566. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2021.112566.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Francis, Elizabeth, Hyun U. Ko, Jung Woong Kim, Hyun Chan Kim, Nandakumar Kalarikkal, K. Varughese, Jaehwan Kim, and Sabu Thomas. "High-k dielectric percolative nanocomposites based on multiwalled carbon nanotubes and polyvinyl chloride." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 6, no. 30 (2018): 8152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8tc02528b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Vindizheva, Amina, Ismel V. Musov, and Svetlana Khashirova. "Study of the Effect of Organoclay on the Structure of Cable PVC Compound." Key Engineering Materials 869 (October 2020): 494–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.869.494.

Full text

Abstract:

The effect of the organoclay content in polyvinyl chloride plasticate on the features of the supramolecular structure and properties of the layered silicate nanocomposite was studied. X-ray diffraction studies showed that with an increase in the number of layered silicate nanofiller, the nanocomposite structure goes from intercalated to exfoliate. Using a combination of scanning and atomic force electron microscopy methods, it has been shown that when organomodified montmorillonite is introduced into polyvinyl chloride plastic compound, montmorillonite nanoparticles act as crystallization nuclei and along with the preservation of “old” supramolecular structures in the melt, “new” supramolecular formations appear. When studying the dependence of tensile strength of nanocomposite polyvinyl chloride on the content of nanofiller, it was found that the maximum strength of the nanocomposite is achieved at a 5-7 % organoclay concentration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Labasan, Tin. "Squash (Cucurbita maxima D.) Seed Oil as Thermal Stabilizer for Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC)." World Journal of Environmental Research 7, no. 1 (September 7, 2017): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/wjer.v7i1.1705.

Full text

Abstract:

Thermal stabilizers such as lead, a toxic heavy metal, are incorporated in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) which is thermally unstable. Due to environmental concerns, organic thermal stabilizers like squash seed oil were used in the study. Squash seed oil was extracted using improvised distillation. Two PVC flat sheet samples, with and without thermal stabilizers, were fabricated through incorporation of squash seed oil. Physical characterization, lead content determination, and thermal characterization were performed. Physical characterizations on the PVC samples were done by exposing the two samples in high temperatures. Yellowish brown stains formed in both PVC samples indicated that certain areas degraded due to long heat exposures. Absence of lead in the degraded samples was confirmed through US EPA Method 3050B, thus indicating nontoxicity of both the thermally stabilized and unstabilized PVCs. Thermal characterization was done through the improvisation of Differential Scanning Calorimeter. Results showed that the fabricated PVC was able to resist heat significantly longer by 168 seconds, compared to the unstabilized PVC by 81 seconds. Squash seed oil improved the thermal stability of PVC, therefore having the ability to replace the toxic thermal stabilizers.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'PVC - Polyvinyl chloride'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles