Journal articles: 'PVC powder'

1

Chand, Navin, and Bhajan Das Jhod. "Mechanical, electrical, and thermal properties of maleic anhydride modified rice husk filled PVC composites." BioResources 3, no. 4 (2008): 1228–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.3.4.1228-1243.

Full text

Abstract:

Unmodified and modified rice husk powder filled PVC composites were prepared having different amounts of rice husk powder. Mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of these composites were determined. The tensile strength of rice husk powder PVC composites having 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 weight percent of rice husk powder was found to be 33.9, 19.4, 18.1, 14.6, and 9.5 MPa, respectively. Adding of maleic anhydride- modified rice husk powder improved the tensile strength of rice husk powder PVC composites. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of composites increased on treatment of rice husk powder due to the improved bonding between rice husk powder and PVC matrix. Arc-resistance of rice husk powder PVC composites was not affected on increasing loading of the powder. Volume resistivity and surface resistivity decreased with increasing loading due to the presence of impurities and water molecules. Vicat softening temperature increased with rice husk powder loading. Addition of rice husk increased the melting temperature of the composite matrix as compared to pure PVC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Abdul Majid, Rohani, Hanafi Ismail, and Mat Taib Razaina. "Effects of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)-Grafted-Maleic Anhydride on the Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/Epoxidized Natural Rubber/Kenaf Core Powder Composite." Advanced Materials Research 1133 (January 2016): 151–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1133.151.

Full text

Abstract:

PVC-g-MA has been synthesized to replace the conventional PE-g-MA as the compatibilizer in PVC/ENR/kenaf core powder composites. The presence of the maleic anhydride grafting on PVC was made evident by infrared analysis. PVC/ENR/kenaf core powder composite samples were prepared using Haake Polydrive with the temperature of 140°C, with different kenaf core powder loading (5, 10, 15 and 20 phr) and incorporating PVC-g-MA with 4 phr. The water absorption and thermo-oxidative ageing properties of the composites were investigated. The results indicated that the percent of water uptake decreased with the incorporation of PVC-g-MA. The thermo-oxidative ageing test shows that the ageing properties of PVC/ENR/kenaf core powder composites with the addition of PVC-g-MA are lower compared to PVC/ENR/kenaf without PVC-g-MA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Yan, Xiaoxing, Lin Wang, and Xingyu Qian. "Influence of the PVC of Glass Fiber Powder on the Properties of a Thermochromic Waterborne Coating for Chinese Fir Boards." Coatings 10, no. 6 (2020): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060588.

Full text

Abstract:

A thermochromic waterborne coating with thermal insulation efficacy was prepared by adding thermochromic microcapsules and glass fiber powder. The influence of the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of a glass fiber powder on the performance of the thermochromic coating for Chinese fir boards was investigated. It was found that a coating with a PVC of glass fiber powder of 0–22.0% had better discoloration properties. When the PVC of the glass fiber powder was more than 4.0%, with the increase of the PVC, the gloss of the coating decreased gradually, while, the adhesion, impact resistance, and liquid resistance were not affected. When the PVC of the glass fiber powder was 10.0%–30.0%, it showed thermal insulation efficacy and high hardness. The coating with a PVC of 16.0% glass fiber powder had better wear resistance. The discoloration property of the coating with thermal insulation efficacy was not affected by time. These results exhibit great potential for the application of a wood surface thermochromic and thermal insulation coating.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Takeuchi, Kazuma, Akihiro Kamaguchi, Muneaki Nabeta, Syuji Fujii, Yoshinobu Nakamura, and Takeo Iida. "Morphology and Viscoelastic Properties of Poly(Vinyl Chloride)/ Poly(Vinyl Alcohol) Incompatible Blends." Polymers and Polymer Composites 15, no. 5 (2007): 371–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110701500504.

Full text

Abstract:

The effects of the pre-mixing method and degree of saponification poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) on the morphology of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)/PVA blends were investigated. Two pre-mixing methods were employed: a powder method and an aqueous solution method. In the powder method, both components were blended in powder form before melt kneading using a mixing roll. In the aqueous solution method, the PVC powder was added to an as-prepared PVA aqueous solution, followed by drying and then pounding before melt kneading. In the case of PVA with a degree of saponification of 98 mol%, PVA domains several hundred μm across were dispersed in the PVC matrix in the powder method system, whereas finer PVA domains with sizes ranging from sub μm to several μm were observed in the aqueous solution method. In the cases of PVA with saponification degrees of 88 and 78 mol%, domain sizes of several tens of μm were observed for both powder and solution methods. This indicates that there was no apparent influence of pre-mixing method on the domain size. When poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was added to the PVC/PVA blend, smaller PVA domains (with sizes ranging from 5 to 10 μm) were observed in both powder and solution method systems than without the PMMA. Viscoelastic properties showed specific interactions between PVC and PMMA, and between PMMA and PVA.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Blazynski, T. Z. "Explosively consolidated PVC-alumina powder mixtures." Journal of Materials Processing Technology 39, no. 3-4 (1993): 389–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0924-0136(93)90171-2.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Meng, Hai Yu, Shu Zhong Wang, Lin Chen, Jun Zhao, and Zhi Qiang Wu. "Pyrolysis Characteristics of Pine Powder and Polyvinyl Chloride of Municipal Solid Waste in Thermogravimetric Analyzer." Advanced Materials Research 781-784 (September 2013): 2009–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.2009.

Full text

Abstract:

The pyrolysis characteristics of pine powder and polyvinyl chloride (PVC), respectively representing the biomass and plastics components of municipal solid waste, were studied in a thermogravimetric analyzer, and the influence of heating rate on pyrolysis characteristics was also investigated. The pyrolysis temperature was heated from ambient up to 900 °C at different heating rates including 10, 20 and 40 °Cmin-1. The pyrolysis of pine powder was composed of two obvious weight loss phases, which were dehydration and the decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose. The lignin in pine powder decomposed over a broad temperature range until 900°C. The pyrolysis of PVC was complicated, and included the release of hydrogen chloride (HCl), the formation of hydrocarbons. Besides, the additives in PVC decomposed at about 600 °C. The TG and DTG curves of pyrolysis for pine powder and PVC were similar at different heating rates, however, each weight loss phase of pyrolysis was shifted to high temperature with increasing the heating rate.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Du, Gao Xiang, Hao Ding, Bai Kun Wang, and Qiang Xue. "Surface Modification of Super-Fine Magnesium Hydroxide Powder and it’s Flame-Retardant Treatment of Flexible PVC." Materials Science Forum 610-613 (January 2009): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.610-613.165.

Full text

Abstract:

Surface modification is very important to industrial application of the magnesium hydroxide (MDH) powder, which is used as a kind of environment-friendly flame-retardant. In this paper, a kind of MDH powder surface-modified with silicane coupling agent and stearic acid is synthesized, and its potential usage in the flame-retardant treatment of flexible PVC is studied. The influence of the surface treatment to the dispersion of the powder in PVC, the flame-retardant and other physical properties of the MDH flame-retardant treated flexible PVC are discussed in detail. The surface modification mechanism of MDH is studied by the FTIR analysis, and then the surface modification model is established. Results show that molecules between the surface of the particle and these two modifiers form stable chemical bonds, and this kind of surface modification can improve the MDH’s dispersion and the compatibility of the flexible PVC. When the flame-retardant flexible PVC is produced according to the mass composition of PVC/DOP/MDH=100:50:80 and a few other additives, its oxygen index is 31.5, the elongation at break is 240%, the tensile strength is 13.0MPa, the hypothermia tendering is +30/-0, the volume resistivity at 20°C is 3.2×1011Ω•m. These index are just correspondent with requires of the halogen-free fire-retardant flexible PVC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Liu, Jing, Zi Wen Hu, and Ming Gong Zhang. "Study on Modification of Micro-Crystal Muscovite by Using of Amino Silane." Advanced Materials Research 430-432 (January 2012): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.430-432.119.

Full text

Abstract:

This study took orthogonal experimental design method to study the use of amino-silane modified microcrystalline muscovite process, and by viscosity, modified powder / PVC composite mechanical testing to characterize the effects of the modification. The results showed that: modified microcrystalline muscovite powder could improve processing rheological property of the powder / organic hybrid system remarkably, the processing rheology has a good effect of further improving filling amount of the powder in organic media, and allows powder Body / PVC composite impact strength, bending strength and tensile strength to get a certain degree of improvement.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Sadîca, Isabela, Monica Matei, Mădălina Boboc, et al. "Impact of Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) powder ingestion on growth rate and length of Oreochromis niloticus - A Preliminary Study." E3S Web of Conferences 589 (2024): 03009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202458903009.

Full text

Abstract:

Aquatic ecosystems face increasing contamination from plastic pollutants, with Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) being one of the most prevalent. This study investigates the impact of ingested PVC powder particles on the body weight and length of O. niloticus (Nile tilapia), a commercially important fish species and a common inhabitant of freshwater systems worldwide. Groups of Nile tilapia specimens were subjected to different amounts of PVC powder particles, specifically 500 ppm and 1000 ppm. Specimens and water parameters were meticulously observed for 40 days. The control groups were provided with a diet that did not contain any PVC. After exposure, body weight and length were measured every two weeks and compared between the experimental and control groups. Preliminary results suggest a significant correlation between PVC ingestion and alterations in the growth parameters of Nile tilapia. Fish exposed to higher concentrations of PVC exhibited reduced body weight and length compared to the control groups. These findings indicate a potential negative impact of PVC pollution on the growth and development of aquatic organisms, highlighting the urgent need for effective strategies to mitigate plastic pollution in freshwater ecosystems.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

DJOMI, Rolland, Chantal Marguerite Mveh, and Joseph Voufo. "EXPERIMENTAL THERMOCHEMICAL, PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION OF PVC TUBES LOADED WITH 12.54% AND 51.02% OF DURA PALM KERNEL SHELL POWDER." International Journal of Research in Informative Science Application & Techniques (IJRISAT) 6, no. 1 (2022): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46828/ijrisat.v6i1.2.

Full text

Abstract:

We have carried out here a chemical, thermal, physical characterization and a study of the mechanical behavior to the tubular compression of the PVC tubes loaded with 0%, 12.54% and 51.02% of the dura palm kernel shell powder obtained by extrusion and give an approach on its use. To achieve these objectives, we took the unloaded PVC tubes then the PVC tubes loaded with 12.54% and 51. 02% of the extruded shell powder, which we characterized: thermally by ATG/DSC with a LENSEI apparatus to obtain TG and DSC, chemically by Fourier transform infrared analysis with a Thermo Scientific Nicolet iS5 IR spectrometer to obtain FTIR, physically with standard equipment according to standards to obtain density, then mechanically by uniaxial tubular compression with a machine of compression-flexion of mark controlab to obtain the bearing capacities, the resistances and the behavior of the tubes to the uniaxial tubular compression. We obtained: at elaborated, tubes of diameter (D=90mm and d=82mm) of color light gray, dark gray, dark black respectively for the PVC tubes unloaded and loaded to 12.54% and 51.02%. DSC thermograms of the tubes showed glass transition, combustion temperature, calcination temperature and ash onset temperature and TG thermograms, mass change on dehydration, dehydrochlorination, condensation and residual calcination sensitive. FTIR showed particular groupings of the presence of: lignin from palm kernel shells and chlorine from PVC in the tubes. The density of the tubes gave 1.42 g/cm3 for the unloaded PVC tubes, 1.38 g/cm3 for the loaded PVC tubes at 12.54% and 1.23g/cm3 for 51.02% justifying the low density of the hull powder in the tubes. The bearing capacity as well as the mechanical strength, the shortening and the compression behaviour of the tube allowed to say that the unloaded PVC tubes and those loaded at 12.54% have a tenacious and ductile behaviour while those loaded at 51.02% have a rigid, brittle and fragile behaviour. These results show that the palm kernel shell powders used as loads influence in a sensitive way the physical, thermal, chemical and mechanical properties allowing several fields like aeronautics, automobile, building, toys for entertainment and laboratory materials to be interested in its production.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Wang, Jia Zhen, Jing Du, and Yun Bo Wang. "Fabrication and Measurement of Flexible Polymer Aerogel and Factors Affecting its Thermal Conductivity." Solid State Phenomena 324 (September 20, 2021): 133–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.324.133.

Full text

Abstract:

Silica aerogels are the most widely studied type of aerogel. However, its application still suffers from low mechanical strength and high production cost. The paper studies the use of recyclable PVC as the backbone material of the aerogel and introduces an economically friendly fabrication process of flexible PVC aerogel using sol-gel technique and ambient drying instead of the CO2 critical drying. Three different types of PVC powder with the molecule weight of 43000, 48000, and 80000 respectively are chosen and dissolved in DMF in five different concentrations-0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, and 1.0 g (mL)-1. The lowest thermal conductivity of the aerogel is measured using hot-wire method as 0.0323W(m*K)-1, which is made of PVC with molecule weight of 80000 in a concentration of 0.4g (mL)-1. The analysis based on SEM pictures shows that PVC type and concentration would greatly influence aerogel’s structure thus affecting its thermal conductivity. The optimal solution for producing low thermal conductivity aerogel is to use PVC powder with low molecule weight with a concentration between 0.2 and 0.6 g (mL)-1.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Li, Kan She, Ying Hong Chen, Hong Mei Niu, and Jian Jun Chen. "Preparation of PVC/Kaolin Nanocomposites through Solid State Shear Compounding Based on Pan-Milling." Materials Science Forum 694 (July 2011): 350–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.694.350.

Full text

Abstract:

Solid state shear compounding technology (S3C) based on pan-milling is an effective method to prepare polymer/layered mineral composites with nano intercalating structure. The PVC/Kaolin compounding powders were successfully prepared by pan-milling at ambient temperature, and then the PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites were processed by moulding The structure and properties of PVC/Kaolin compounding powder and nanocomposites were investigated by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and mechanical tests. The results showed that the mechanical properties of PVC/Kaolin nanocomposites prepared through S3C based on pan-milling 30 cycles at ambient temperature including elongation, tensile strength and notched impact strength were remarkably improved compared with conventional filled composites. The elongation of PVC / Kaolin nanocomposites with 4 %wt. Kaolin was 274.6%, which is 187.3 % higher than that for a conventional filled composite. The tensile strength was 54.0 MPa, which is 6.3 MPa higher than that for a conventional filled composite. The tensile strength of the nanocomposites with 8 %wt. Kaolin was 57.5 MPa, which is 9.1 MPa higher than that for a conventional filled composite. At the same time, the notched impact strength was 4.9 kJ/m2, which is 1.0 kJ/m2 higher than a conventional filled composite. Strengthening and toughening for PVC were synchronously realized. XRD, SEM and TEM verified that S3C based on pan-milling realized synchronously pulverizing, dispersion and compounding of PVC with kaolin Through 25-30 cycles pan-milling, PVC and Kaolin powders imbedded each other and made into uniform PVC/Kaolin compounding powders and nanocomposites. The strip flake of Kaolin particles with thickness less than 50 nanometer and the aspect ratio of 10 times dispersed homogeneously in the PVC matrix.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Bolat, Hakan, and Pınar Erkus. "Use of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) powder and granules as aggregate replacement in concrete mixtures." Science and Engineering of Composite Materials 23, no. 2 (2016): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/secm-2014-0094.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractConcrete is one of the materials in which polymer wastes are utilized. Generally, these wastes are added at specific rates in scientific studies but an important problem of waste polymers is size irregularity. Even when consistent dosage rates are used, variations in polymer size can lead to variability in the physical and mechanical properties of the concrete produced. The aim of this study is to determine physical and mechanical properties of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-containing concretes. In order to produce normal and high strength concretes, 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement ratios of PVC powder and granules by volume of aggregate are used. Slump, fresh and hardened densities, compressive strength, capillary water absorption, and abrasion were tested on all concrete types. As the PVC ratio increases, important changes are seen in all physical and mechanical concrete properties. The unit weights of the 10%, 20%, and 30% replacement PVC powder concretes are lower by ∼4%, 8%, and 13%, respectively, as compared to the reference mixtures, and the replacement PVC granule concretes are lower by ∼2%, 4%, and 7%. Compressive strength test results showed similar trends. As PVC replacement increases, the capillary water absorption decreases between 10% and 50%, and abrasion decreases between 27% and 77%.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Egbuchunam, T. O., F. E. Okieimen, and D. B. Balköse. "Stabilizing Effect of Biobased Additives on the Thermal Degradation of PVC." International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa 1 (February 2010): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jera.1.47.

Full text

Abstract:

Novel biobased additives prepared from rubber seed oil were evaluated as thermal stabilizer for PVC. Divalent metal (barium and cadmium) soaps of rubber seed oil were prepared by metathesis in aqueous alcohol and characterized by thermal methods (differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetry). The stabilizing effect of the soaps and their admixtures on the thermal degradation of PVC powder and plasticized PVC was examined by dynamic thermogravimetry and dehydrochlorination studies at 160oC using the Thermomat equipment. The metal soaps showed multiple decomposition endotherms but were generally stable (with weight loss less than 5%) within the temperature range (180 – 220oC) frequently used in the processing of PVC. Using the Broido model, values of apparent activation energy of decomposition of between 50 and 200 kJmol-1 were obtained for the soaps. The biobased additives were found to be relatively effective in stabilizing PVC in powder and plasticized forms against thermal degradation. Using inhibition/retardation time, temperature of incipient decomposition, and temperature at which various extents of decomposition was attained as indices of thermal stabilization, the results from this study indicate a potential for the application of the biobased additives as thermal stabilizer for PVC in rigid and flexible formulations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Tharajak, Jirasak, and Noppakun Sanpo. "The Study on Optimum Spray Parameters and Characterization of Flame Sprayed PVC Coating." Applied Mechanics and Materials 891 (May 2019): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.891.187.

Full text

Abstract:

Thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is one of the most widely used polymers in the world. Due to its versatile nature, PVC is used extensively across a broad range of industrial, technical and everyday applications including widespread use in building, transport, packaging, electrical/electronic and healthcare applications. In this study, thermal spray technology was used to apply PVC powder on metal substrate. It was revealed that the spray parameters such as working distance, preheat and flame temperature played the important role on the properties of PVC coating.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

Duan, Jie Li, En Chen Jiang, and Yu Hua Lu. "Tensile Mechanical Properties of Wood Fiber / PVC Composites." Advanced Materials Research 328-330 (September 2011): 1512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.328-330.1512.

Full text

Abstract:

The influencing effects of the content of wood fiber, particle size and content of titanate coupler on the tensile properties of wood fiber (include the pine powder and the rice husk powder )/PVC composites (WPC) were investigated. The results showed that the tensile modulus of WPC are increased, the tensile strength and the elongation at break of WPC are decreased slightly when the wood fiber changed from 30 to 60( phr method) . Between 150μm and 165μm in the size of the diameter, the tensile strength of WPC increased by 11.5%, however it is increased by 5% between 165μm and 315μm. The content of titanate coupler affected significantly, the tensile properties of WPC appeared first increased and then decreased when the content of titanate coupler is increased from 0 to 3.5 shares( phr method). Added the same content of pine powder or rice husk powder, the tensile modulus and the tensile strength of WPC which filled pine powder are bigger, but the elongation at break of WPC which filled rice husk powder are bigger.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Ikeda, Hirohisa, Masanori Ishikawa, Yoshinobu Nakamura, and Takeo Iida. "Dispersibility of Macromolecular Polyols as Co-Stabilizer in Poly(vinyl Chloride) and their Stabilization Effect Combined with Synergetic Metal Soap." Polymers and Polymer Composites 11, no. 8 (2003): 649–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110301100804.

Full text

Abstract:

In order to delay the undesirable discoloration of poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) by heating, the synergetic effect of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as co-stabilizer with a mixture of zinc and calcium stearates was clarified. Usually, the abrupt discoloration was caused by the formation of a π-complex between the cool colour-producing metal chloride, i.e. the zinc chloride from the metal soap, and double bonds from the dehydrochlorination of the PVC chain. Firstly, the effect of using various PVA having different degrees of polymerization before melt blending with PVC was investigated. When the PVA and PVC were pre-mixed in the powder state, the compound obtained showed a lower stabilization effect on the discoloration of PVC. On the other hand, when a PVA aqueous solution was prepared and the PVC powder was added to the PVA solution, and dried, the resulting compound showed an excellent stabilization effect. Secondly, the dispersed PVA domain size in the PVC sheets was measured quantitatively by image processing analysis, using the optical micrographs of the sheets. As a result, it was found that there was a good relationship between the dispersibility of PVA and its stabilization effect. That is, the co-stabilizing effect of PVA increased with a decrease in the domain size. This fact was also confirmed by using different polyols as co-stabilizer.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Kusakabe, Katsuki, Anna Nagai, Wai Hong Leong, et al. "Dechlorination of Polyvinyl Chloride via Solvothermal Treatment with Glycerol." Processes 10, no. 10 (2022): 2047. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10102047.

Full text

Abstract:

Solvothermal treatment using glycerol effectively removes chlorine from polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Additive-free PVC was dechlorinated by treatment with glycerol in an autoclave at 200–240 °C. Liquid glycerol was coexistent with a red powder after the reaction at 200 °C. At reaction temperatures of 220 and 240 °C, the liquid glycerol disappeared, and carbonization proceeded to form a black powder. In this reaction, the glycerol was directly converted into glycidol. Epichlorohydrin was also produced from the glycerol via 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol as an intermediate. The PVC was converted into the polyethylene oxide structure, following the generation of the polyene structure by zip-elimination. Finally, the converted PVC was resinified by an epoxidation reaction with the glycidol and epichlorohydrin. Thus, glycerol acted as a useful reaction medium for this reaction system. The analysis of the decomposition ratio and dechlorination yield showed that the PVC was converted into solid products in high yields via chlorine release, and 30% of the glycerol was solidified by resinification at 240 °C. The effects of the additives on dechlorination were investigated using commercially available PVC sheets. Elemental analysis showed that the calorific value of the solid product dechlorinated at 240 °C was found to be higher than that of standard bituminous coal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Hegazy, A. Abousree, and T. Z. Blazynski. "Some aspects of shock consolidation of polymeric, PVC-metallic and PVC-silica powder mixtures." Journal of Materials Science 21, no. 12 (1986): 4262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01106540.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Guan, Li Tao, and Chong Ling Yang. "High Performance and Low Cost PVC Composited Material." Advanced Materials Research 630 (December 2012): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.630.84.

Full text

Abstract:

The formula of the self-deposit adsorption PVC floor material was studied in this study. With the increasing of the super-fine CaCO3Subscript text powder and substituting of epoxy soybean oil, the properties of the product were improved. The study revealed that when the addition of super-fine CaCO3 powder was 30phr, ESO 10phr, the general properties of the product was good. 1phr ACR was used to improve the processing performance. This study provided improvement method and base data for modification of PVC composited floor material.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Escobar, Erwin, Grace Nisola, and Wook-Jin Chung. "Facile preparation of azido functionalized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofiber (NF) membrane for various applications." Palawan Scientist 15, no. 2 (2023): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.69721/tps.j.2023.15.2.02.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofiber (NF) membrane functionalized with azido groups (Az-PVC NF) was prepared using various techniques with the aim of enhancing azide substitution of chlorine in the PVC backbone. Azidation strategies that were investigated include: (1) catalyst-assisted azidation in organic solvent, (2) phase transfer catalyzed azidation in aqueous media, (3) phase transfer catalyzed azidation in aqueous media using pre-iodinated membrane, and (4) phase transfer catalyzed azidation in aqueous media of electrospun pre-iodinated PVC granules prepared via Finkelstein reaction. Results showed that azidation was greatly enhanced when PVC NF membrane or PVC powder underwent pre-iodination prior to azidation. As far as it is known, this is the first time that preparation techniques for azidized PVC NF membrane in aqueous media that involve halogen exchange have been studied. Hence, the optimized conditions for the preparation of azidized PVC NF membranes and the resulting membrane properties are hereby reported. Furthermore, the utility of Az-PVC NF in the development of water treatment technologies was demonstrated with successful grafting of cucurbiturils via nitrene insertion.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

Matykiewicz, Danuta, Kamila Sałasińska, and Mateusz Barczewski. "The Effect of Poly(Vinyl Chloride) Powder Addition on the Thermomechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Reinforced with Basalt Fiber." Materials 13, no. 16 (2020): 3611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163611.

Full text

Abstract:

The aim of the article was to determine the effect of the poly(vinyl chloride) additive (PVC) on the thermomechanical and fire properties of epoxy composites reinforced with basalt fabric. Ten-layered composites with 2.5, 5 and 10 wt.% of PVC powder were fabricated using hand lay-up. The following features were evaluated for composites: structure (by scanning electron microscopy, SEM), thermomechanical properties (by dynamical thermomechanical analysis, DMTA), mechanical properties (in bending, tensile and interlaminar shear strength tests), hardness (using the Barcol method), thermal stability (by thermogravimetry, TGA) and fire behavior (using a cone calorimeter). It was found that the introduction of micron PVC powder into the epoxy matrix improved the thermomechanical properties of composites, such as storage module, and mechanical properties, such as flexural strength and modulus, as well as hardness.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Sudrajat, N., D. Dedi, and A. Rusmana. "Comparison of phenol formaldehyde with polyvinyl chloride resin as binder bonded NdFeB magnet for axial flux generator." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2596, no. 1 (2023): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2596/1/012006.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract Bonded permanent magnets are made by mixing a magnetic powder material Neodymium Iron Boron (NdFeB) commercial MQP type 16-7 with a polymer material powders phenol formaldehyde (Bakelite) and polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. Comparison between the composition of NdFeB powder and the polymer powders were varied at 80:20, 90:10, and 95:5 wt%, respectively. This mixture is then pressed with a hot press system and then carried out magnetic alignment axial flux using a magnetizer machine, Magnet Phisyk-Germany, with an impulse system. Magnetic properties were characterized by permagraph Magnet Phisyk-Germany. The best value obtained for the composition of 95: 5% NdFeB-pvc resin powder to the value of remanence magnet (Br) = 0.604 Tesla (T), the value of coercivity (Hc) = 480 kA/m and maximum energy product (BH)max = 50.05 kJ/m3. Fabrication is done by the size of the magnetic 50 mm diameter, 8 mm thick and was applied to the axial flux generator. The output voltage of the generator has been tested with variations of 50 to 300 rotations per minute (rpm) using a Hantek 6022BE oscilloscope, and the measurement results obtained values of 1.9 to 12.2 Volts.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

Wang, Fei, Juan Chen, Wei Guo Yao, et al. "Formation and Mechanical Properties of Instrument Panel Skins Produced by PVC Powder Slush Molding Processes." Key Engineering Materials 575-576 (September 2013): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.575-576.111.

Full text

Abstract:

The compositions of PVC slush powder are determined by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (PGC-MS) methods after its separation and purification. The melt and combination of the powder during the formation processes of the slush molded skins are observed by polarizing microscope experiments. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), stress relaxation experiments and Haward model are then used to study the physical and mechanical properties of the skin. It is found that the powder contains abundant phthalate and trimellitate plasticizers because of which the glass transition temperature Tg of the skin is quite low. There is a critical temperature above which the melt and combination of the powder accelerate. Stress relaxation experiments can eliminate the interference of viscous force. Based on that, the network structure of the skin and its Gaussian modulus can be well represented by Haward model.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Journal, Baghdad Science. "The Effect of Fillers on the Chemical, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites." Baghdad Science Journal 12, no. 4 (2015): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.12.4.774-784.

Full text

Abstract:

The compounding of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with two types of fillers and some additives were studied for the manufacturing of acid resistant tile. Various concentrations of two types of fillers namely; calcium carbonate and recycled glass powder were used along with different additives generally categorized as plasticizers, stabilizers, and lubricants were mixed in the standard concentration unit parts per hundred resins (phr) with the PVC as base polymer. The effects of filler materials on acid resistant towered different acids like sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric at different concentration were studied. Samples which passed the test were further checked for dielectric strength and mechanical properties. It was found that the recycled glass powder is very suitable filler for preparing PVC composites materials for flooring tile, where most samples undergo negligible change in weight and maintained its shape and flexibility during the acid resistant test.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Naji, Amel Muhson. "The Effect of Fillers on the Chemical, Mechanical and Dielectric Properties of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites." Baghdad Science Journal 12, no. 4 (2015): 774–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2015.12.4.774-784.

Full text

Abstract:

The compounding of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with two types of fillers and some additives were studied for the manufacturing of acid resistant tile. Various concentrations of two types of fillers namely; calcium carbonate and recycled glass powder were used along with different additives generally categorized as plasticizers, stabilizers, and lubricants were mixed in the standard concentration unit parts per hundred resins (phr) with the PVC as base polymer. The effects of filler materials on acid resistant towered different acids like sulphuric, nitric and hydrochloric at different concentration were studied. Samples which passed the test were further checked for dielectric strength and mechanical properties. It was found that the recycled glass powder is very suitable filler for preparing PVC composites materials for flooring tile, where most samples undergo negligible change in weight and maintained its shape and flexibility during the acid resistant test.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Torres, L. M., João Pedro Nunes, João F. Silva, and António Torres Marques. "New PVC Matrix Towpregs and Composites." Materials Science Forum 587-588 (June 2008): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.587-588.241.

Full text

Abstract:

A cost efficient powder coating technology developed in previous work [1-3] was modified to produce glass fibre/polyvinyl chloride (GF/PVC) towpregs that were subsequently processed by compression moulding and filament winding. The production of GF/PVC towpregs was optimized and a process window established. The composite structures obtained were submitted to mechanical testing and the results compared with the theoretical predictions made using the classical laminate theory (CLT). The obtained results showed that the GF/PVC composites properties are compatible with all major engineering applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Uddin, Sarir, Naheed Akhtar, Sumbal Bibi, et al. "Effect of BaTiO3 on the Properties of PVC-Based Composite Thick Films." Materials 14, no. 18 (2021): 5430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14185430.

Full text

Abstract:

Flexible PVC/BT (Polyvinyl chloride/Barium Titanate) composite thick films with (0–30%) volume fractions of BaTiO3 were fabricated via the solution casting method. The effects of BaTiO3 filler on the phase, microstructure and dielectric properties of composite films were investigated. The XRD results revealed that BT particles are embedded in the PVC matrix with no chemical reaction taking place between the two phases. It was observed that the glass transition temperature of PVC had increased with the addition of BT. The frequency dispersion in the dielectric constant versus temperature curves indicated the relaxor nature of the composites. The dielectric constant (εr) measured at 40 °C, increased from 7.6 for pure PVC to 16.1 for 30% of BaTiO3 content in PVC polymer matrix. It is suggested that BaTiO3 ceramic powder enhanced the dielectric properties of PVC and may be used as a flexible dielectric material.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

Kluge, Ricardo Alfredo, Alexandre Hoffmann, and Aldonir Barreira Bilhalva. "COMPORTAMENTO DE FRUTOS DE MIRTILO (VACCINIUM ASHEI READE) CV. POWDER BLUE EM ARMAZENAMENTO REFRIGERADO." Ciência Rural 24, no. 2 (1994): 281–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-84781994000200011.

Full text

Abstract:

RESUMO Este trabalho teve por objetivo verificar o efeito da temperatura (0°C, 4°C e ambiente) e do filme de PVC (ausente, selado e perfurado) no armazenamento de frutos de mirtilo cv."Powder Blue". Frutos maduros foram colhidos em janeiro de 1993 e acondicionados em bandejas plásticas. Os frutos foram mantidos em câmaras frigoríficas do Departamento de Ciência e Tecnologia Agroindustrial - FAEM/UFPEL por um período de 21 dias + 2 dias para simulação de comercialização. A perda de peso dos frutos no armazenamento foi superior quando mantido na temperatura ambiente, seguido de 0°C e 4°C. Este comportamento pode ser atribuído à ausência de pré-resfriamento das frutas. O filme de PVC foi eficiente na redução da perda de peso dos frutos. Na temperatura de 4°C, o teor de sólidos solúveis totais ao final do período de armazenamento foi inferior aos teores de sólidos solúveis totais encontrados nos frutos mantidos a 0°C e ambiente. A influência do filme de PVC sobre o teor de sólidos solúveis totais foi mais evidente nas frutas mantidas no ambiente, onde as que não foram embaladas em filme de PVC apresentaram teores de sólidos solúveis totais superior àquelas embaladas com o filme. A relação sólidos solúveis totais/acidez total titulável foi maior em frutos mantidos a 0°C. Não houve incidência de podridões nos frutos mantidos a 0 e 4°C, sendo que no ambiente a incidência de podridões ocorreu principalmente em frutos não embalados com filme de PVC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Hu, Sheng, Jun Cai, Guofeng Liao, and Qiang Fu. "Preparation and Sound Insulation Performance of Superfine Metal Powder/Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber-Polyvinyl Chloride Microcellular Foaming Material." Advances in Polymer Technology 2019 (May 15, 2019): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/7608641.

Full text

Abstract:

Lightweight sound insulation materials have received much attention. In this study, a series of superfine metal powder (SFM)/nitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR)-polyvinyl chloride (PVC) microcellular foaming materials were prepared with NBR-PVC as matrix and SFM as modifiers by employing the method of molding foaming. Analysis on the morphology of cross section, pore size, and pore distribution possessed by SFM/NBR-PVC was conducted by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), as well as the image processing software of Image-Pro. Then detailed discussion on the effect of SFM with different mass fractions in the matrix on the foaming quality was provided. In the meanwhile, the performance of sound insulation was tested by four-channel impedance tube system. The results show significant improvement for foaming quality and sound insulation performance of NBR-PVC microcellular foaming material through the addition of SFM. In comparison with the pure NBR-PVC materials, the microcellular foaming material exhibits the best performance of foaming quality and sound insulation when the SFM content in matrix is 30 wt%. It is shown that the average pore diameter and the foaming capacity decrease by 60% and 31%, respectively, while the surface density increases by 131%. In the meantime, the sound insulation index of SFM/NBR-PVC microcellular material increases by 7.2 dB to 30.5 dB, which conforms to the requirements of new lightweight sound insulation materials in modern time. Finally, the mechanism of the optimization conducted for sound insulation performance after the addition of SMF is explained.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Jameel, Ghassan Subhi, Bashar Abdulazeez, Maher Mohammed, and Abdulkader Al-Hadithi. "Physical and Mechanical Properties of Cementitious PVC Composites." Al-Nahrain Journal for Engineering Sciences 25, no. 4 (2022): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.29194/njes.25040159.

Full text

Abstract:

This research studies the physical and mechanical properties of mortar composed of PVC plastic waste particles used as fine aggregate replacement material. PVC particles in quantities of 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, and 30% by volume were used for sand fraction substitution. This quantity of PVC was used to formulate seven mixes with a cement content of 525 kg/m3 and a water-to-cement ratio (w/c) of 0.45. At 7 and 28 days, the compressive and splitting tensile strengths of the mortar's mechanical characteristics were evaluated. Additionally, the physical characteristics of density and absorption were investigated. The findings demonstrated that the mechanical properties and density of mortar containing PVC powder were minimized.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

.K.M, Ms Jayakumari. "Experimental Study on Compressive Strength of the Cement Mortar Cubes with Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregate Using Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Plastic." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 04 (2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem31851.

Full text

Abstract:

Mortar is a material that consists of cement and sand with a range of applications in the construction industry. However, the plain mortar materials are usually brittle and often crack and fail more suddenly than reinforced mortar. This experimental study is about the compressive strength of cement mortar stabilised with the use of the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastic powder. Generally the compressive strength of cement mortar of mix proportion (1:3) is 33 N/mm² to 53 N/mm² has been obtained after 28 days curing. The cement mortar ratio is 1: 3 respectively. The PVC powder is added along with the sand with percentages of 0%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% respectively. And the water cement ratio is 0.5 with volume. The moulds of 70×70×70 mm size were used for the cube test, and the cubes were tested on the Compressive testing machine to determine the strength of cube for 3, 7, 28 days of time period respectively. The main aim of f this study to determine the compressive strength of cement mortar (1:3) of sand added with PVC powder, Key Words:- Waste Plastic, Polyvinyl Chloride, Compressive Strength, Mortar.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Chen, Zizhao, Liang Chen, Mengxin Ji, and Zhengshun Wu. "Catalytic pyrolysis of PVC and biomass using K2CO3 for HCl adsorption and upgrade of the bio-oil." Sustainable Energy & Fuels 5, no. 17 (2021): 4368–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1se00841b.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Ashiru, Abubakar Garba, Juan Matmin, and Susilawati Toemen. "Highly Stable Photocatalytic Removal of Paraquat Dichloride using ZnO/TiO2 supported on PVC." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 17, no. 5 (2021): 647–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v17n5.2424.

Full text

Abstract:

This study presents on ZnO/TiO2 supported on PVC (ZnO/TiO2@PVC) in the photocatalytic removal of paraquat dichloride. The ZnO/TiO2@PVC was characterized using XRD, FESEM-EDX, FTIR, and AFM. Findings indicated that ZnO/TiO2@PVC allowed degradation of paraquat dichloride under UV irradiation by the rate of up to 73%. XRD pattern indicated the presence of both TiO2(anatase) and ZnO (zincite) crystalline as well as PVC amorphous structures. FESEM and AFM results revealed the observed shape and surface of TiO2 interconnected nanowires with ZnO nanorods uniformly distributed according to EDX mapping. The reduced surface roughness was also shown in the supported photocatalyst. FTIR analysis clearly demonstrate the combined spectra of immobilised ZnO/TiO2 powder catalyst onto the PVC in the composite. Kinetic study of the degradation process was performed according to pseudo-first-order and the influence of ZnO/TiO2 coating onto PVC polymer and initial paraquat concentration were investigated on the treatment performance. Under optimized condition (pH = 7, PQ =20 mg/L and catalyst coating =15%), the stability and reusability of the supported catalyst was also evaluated over ten sequential treatment runs, and the catalyst maintain high reactivity. High recyclability of the ZnO/TiO2@PVC composites as catalyst in photodegradation processes are also reported in this study.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

KITAGAWA, Masayoshi, Peng LI, Fumihiko MAEJIMA, and Wataru MIZUNO. "Separation of Chlorine in Shell Powder/PVC Composite Materials." Journal of the Society of Materials Science, Japan 51, no. 8 (2002): 943–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2472/jsms.51.943.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

Suherman, Suherman, Mirko Peglow, and Evangelos Tsotsas. "Measurement and Modeling of Drying Kinetics of PVC Powder." Advanced Science Letters 23, no. 6 (2017): 5663–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/asl.2017.8795.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Olszowy, Marian, Ewa Markiewicz, Czesław Pawlaczyk, and Ewa Nogas-Ćwikiel. "Dielectric response of PVC polymer loaded with Ba0.3Na0.7Ti0.3Nb0.7O3ceramic powder." Phase Transitions 81, no. 11-12 (2008): 1099–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01411590802460817.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Lapkovskaya, E. Yu, P. O. Sukhodaev, V. E. Red’kin, A. I. Lyamkin та D. V. Ershov. "The eﬀect of ultraﬁne detonation synthesized diamond powder on the properties and structure of PVC-based thermoplastic elastomer". Plasticheskie massy, № 1-2 (19 березня 2020): 30–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35164/0554-2901-2020-1-2-30-32.

Full text

Abstract:

Samples of thermoplastic elastomers based on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) modiﬁed with ultraﬁne detonation-synthesed (nano) diamonds were obtained. It was found that small additives of nanodiamonds improve the strength characteristics and arrange the structure of PVC. A method that allows obtaining a uniform distribution of nanoparticles in a polymer matrix is proposed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Reitano, Riccardo, Claudio Faccenna, Francesca Funiciello, Fabio Corbi, and Sean D. Willett. "Erosional response of granular material in landscape models." Earth Surface Dynamics 8, no. 4 (2020): 973–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-8-973-2020.

Full text

Abstract:

Abstract. Tectonics and erosion–sedimentation are the main processes responsible for shaping the Earth's surface. The link between these processes has a strong influence on the evolution of landscapes. One of the tools we have for investigating coupled process models is analog modeling. Here we contribute to the utility of this tool by presenting laboratory-scaled analog models of erosion. We explore the erosional response of different materials to imposed boundary conditions, trying to find the composite material that best mimics the behavior of the natural prototype. The models recreate conditions in which tectonic uplift is no longer active, but there is an imposed fixed slope. On this slope the erosion is triggered by precipitation and gravity, with the formation of channels in valleys and diffusion on hillslope that are functions of the analog material. Using digital elevation models (DEMs) and a laser scan correlation technique, we show model evolution and measure sediment discharge rates. We propose three main components of our analog material (silica powder, glass microbeads and PVC powder; PVC: polyvinyl chloride), and we investigate how different proportions of these components affect the model evolution and the development of landscapes. We find that silica powder is mainly responsible for creating a realistic landscape in the laboratory. Furthermore, we find that varying the concentration of silica powder between 40 wt % and 50 wt % (with glass microbeads and PVC powder in the range 35 wt %–40 wt % and 15 wt %–20 wt %, respectively) results in metrics and morphologies that are comparable with those from natural prototypes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Hashmi, Syed Usama Mauood, Muhammad Aamir Iqbal, Maria Malik, et al. "Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinyl Chloride Matrix Composites with Modified Scrap Iron for Advanced Electronic, Photonic, and Optical Systems." Nanomaterials 12, no. 18 (2022): 3147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12183147.

Full text

Abstract:

In this study, Fe2O3 powder was synthesized using the co-precipitation method from scrap iron, which was then treated with varying concentrations of copper. Afterwards, the modified Fe2O3 was reinforced in the PVC matrix by using the solution-casting method to synthesize PVC composite films, which were subjected to a UV-visible spectrophotometer, a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, an X-ray diffractometer, and a thermal gravimetric analyzer to evaluate the optical, chemical, structural, and thermal properties. FTIR analysis reveals the formation of the composite through vibrational bands pertaining to both components present, whereas no significant changes in the XRD patterns of PVC were observed after the doping of modified iron oxide, which reveals the compatibility of fillers with the PVC matrix. The optical properties of the copper-doped iron oxide-PVC composites, including absorbance, refractive index, urbach energy, and optical as well as electrical conductivity are measured, and show an increase in optical activity when compared to the pure PVC compound. Moreover, the increased thermal stability of the synthesized composite was also observed and compared with conventional compounds, which, in accordance with all the other mentioned properties, makes the copper-dopped iron oxide-PVC composite an effective material for electronic, photonic, and optical device applications.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Hassena, A., S. El-Sayeda, W. M. Morsic, and A. M. El Sayedb. "PREPARATION, DIELECTRIC AND OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF Cr2O3 /PVC NANOCOMPOSITE FILMS." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN PHYSICS 4, no. 3 (2014): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jap.v4i3.1983.

Full text

Abstract:

Chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles were synthesized using a sol-gel method and mixed with polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Rietveld refinement of X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples revealed that the crystal structure of Cr2O3 is rhombohedral with space symmetry group. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the Cr2O3 nanoparticles are well dispersed on the surface of the PVC films. The dielectric permittivity (e'), and ac conductivity (Ïƒac) of pure PVC increased with adding Cr2O3 due to the formation of conductive three-dimensional networks throughout the nanocomposite films and interfacial polarizations. The optical energy band gap (Eg) of the films decreases with increasing Cr2O3 content. The refractive index dispersion of the nanocomposite films obeys the single oscillator model. The dispersion parameters are changed by incorporation of Cr2O3. The optical properties of PVC are influenced by addition of Cr2O3 nanoparticles.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

Chen, Yunan, Qingshan Wu, Na Li, et al. "The Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression Performance of Polyvinyl Chloride Composites with an Efficient Flame Retardant System." Coatings 13, no. 10 (2023): 1814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13101814.

Full text

Abstract:

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the most widely used general flame-retardant plastic worldwide; however, the large number of plasticizers added during processing significantly reduces its flame-retardant property. To prepare a new type of PVC material with highly efficient flame retardancy and smoke suppression, antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), talc powder, hydromagnesite, and zinc borate were added in different proportions to PVC to explore the flame-retardant properties, thermal weight, smoke density (Ds), and mechanical properties of the composite materials. Results showed that the limiting oxygen index value of each group was higher than 27% after adding talc powder, magnesite, and zinc borate to replace part of the Sb2O3. This value was within the refractory-grade level and indicated a good flame retardancy performance. The replacement effect was in line with the experimental expectation. The lowest Ds peak value was 656.4 when the flame retardants were added with 10 wt% Sb2O3, 50 wt% hydromagnesite, 20 wt% talc, and 20 wt% Zn3BO6. Compared with pure Sb2O3 as a flame retardant, the Ds peak value decreased by 46.7%. The thermogravimetric decomposition temperature of the composites in each group was generally higher than that of the group with pure Sb2O3 as a flame retardant, increasing by 45.3 °C. The thermal stability of the composites was improved, and the elongation at the break and tensile strength were 234.9% and 25.8 MPa, respectively, indicating good mechanical properties. The results showed that using compound flame retardants to replace most of the Sb2O3 is an effective technique for obtaining good flame retardancy and mechanical properties of PVC. This study, not only reduced the manufacturing cost of flame-retardant PVC, but also effectively reduced its smoke density and the time to reach the highest smoke density, which provided a research reference for the application and promotion of flame-retardant PVC.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Nur Farahana Ramli, Supri Abdul Ghani, Teh Pei Leng, and Yeoh Cheow Keat. "Effects of Poly(vinylchloride)-Maleic Anhydride as Coupling Agent on Mechanical, Water Absorption, and Morphological Properties of Eggshell Powder Filled Recycled High Density Polyethylene/Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Composites." Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology 28, no. 1 (2022): 33–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37934/araset.28.1.3343.

Full text

Abstract:

The recycled high density polyethylene (rHDPE)/ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA)/ eggshell composites using poly(vinylchloride)-maleic anhydride (PVC-MA) as coupling agent was compounded using Brabender internal mixer. The results showed that the compatibilization of rHDPE/EVA blends was enhanced by the addition of 6 phr of PVC-MA. Furthermore, the tensile, water absorption resistance, and interfacial adhesion properties were studied. Tensile properties such as tensile strength and Young’s modulus were improved, while the elongation at break was reduced by the addition of PVC-MA. The water absorption resistance was improved upon PVC-MA addition to the composites.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Riyanto, Riyanto, Mohamed Rozali Othman, and Jumat Salimon. "SYNTHESIS OF ACETIC ACID FROM ETHANOL BY ELECTROOXIDATION TECHNIQUE USING Ni-Cu-PVC ELECTRODE." ASEAN Journal on Science and Technology for Development 25, no. 2 (2017): 363–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.29037/ajstd.267.

Full text

Abstract:

A usage of Ni-Cu-PVC electrode for the oxidation of ethanol by electrochemical technique will be reported in this paper. In this work, the effect of electrodes on the yields of acetic acid was determined. Electrode used was made of the mixtures of Ni powder, Cu powder and of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with various percentages. Electrooxidation of 0.20 M ethanol in 0.16 M KOH (24 mL) were carried out using chrono coulometry (CC) at a potential of 1050 mV for 6 hours with continious stirring. Electrooxdation result obtained was analyzed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The test result shows that the composition of Ni:Cu:PVC at 75:20:5 have higher efficiency in the electrooxidation of ethanol to acetic acid.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Mohamed, Haider S., Mudhaffar Y. Hussein, Sumayah M. Abbas, and Sabah A. Kassid. "STUDYING THE EFFECT OF GLASS ADDITION ON THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF PVC AND PVC/PMMA BLENDS." Kufa Journal of Engineering 3, no. 1 (2014): 26–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30572/2018/kje/311268.

Full text

Abstract:

Thermal analysis techniques were conducted for testing and evaluation of different polymeric samples. Pure samples (such as PVC and PMMA) and composites (with soda-lime glass; powder as filler ) were examined and tested for Tg, thermal expansion and Young modulus (E). Two updating instruments where used for this purpose. Differential scanning calometry (DSC) for pure polymers and thermomechanical analyzer (TMA) for composites. Differential scanning calometry (DSC) testing for sample of polyvinyle chloride (PVC) explain decrease of glass temperature (Tg) from (80.6°C) to (31°C) for the same polymer solved by (THF) solvent and dry it at (100°C). Thermomechanical analysis (TMA) for (PVC/glass) composites appears increase of glass temperature (Tg) with high decrease of Young modulus (E) and transform its mechanical properties from elastic to plastic. Adding the polymer poly mathylemethacrylate to composites (PVC/glass) was lightly effect to glass transition (Tg) and elastic modulus at low ratio of (PMMA) in composite, while the composite (PVC/PMMA/glass) appears elastomer properties when the (PMMA) ratio was 37% in in composite.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Phan, Duc Nhan. "INVESTIGATION OF SOME PLASTICIZERS FOR COMPOSITE SOLID PROPELLANT BASED ON POLYVINYL CHLORIDE." Journal of Science and Technique 18, no. 01 (2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.56651/lqdtu.jst.v18.n01.586.

Full text

Abstract:

This article presents an investigation of some plasticizers for composite solid propellants. The samples are prepared from the PVC plasticized by the DOP, DOA, and a mixture of DOP/DOA with ammonium perchlorate (AP) oxidizer, aluminum (Al) powder, and iron (III) oxide (Fe2O3). Mechanical properties and thermal characteristics of the samples were determined. The results show that the characteristics of the samples meet the requirements of composite solid propellant such as elastic modulus 176.7 ÷ 202.9 MPa, deformation 28 ÷ 45 %, ignition temperature 304.8 ÷ 308.4°C and thermal stability 0.081 ÷ 0.178 ml/g. The DOP plasticizer is a better effect on plasticization than the DOA. In addition, the sample from PVC/DOA causes more loss of weight and lower thermal stability than that from PVC/DOP.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Li, Ruiliang, Chuang Yang, Yunlong Zhang, and Jian Wang. "A Characterizing Method of Carbon Nanotubes in Powder Form with Different Packing Densities." Micromachines 16, no. 6 (2025): 662. https://doi.org/10.3390/mi16060662.

Full text

Abstract:

A method for characterizing carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in powder form with different packing densities in the microwave regions is proposed. The CNTs were sandwiched between two dielectric walls in (Polyvinyl Chloride) PVC and put in a waveguide shim. We measured the transmission/reflection S-parameters of the waveguide using a Vector Network Analysis (VNA), and the impacts of the PVCs on the measured S-parameters were de-embedded by microwave network analysis. Then, the well-known Nicolson–Ross–Weir (NRW) method was processed to determine the complex permittivity and permeability of the CNTs. Furthermore, we pressed the PVC to increase the packing densities of the CNTs. The results of the characterization can be employed to design microwave devices using the CNTs.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Liu, Xinyi, Hongji Li, Dandan Wang, Jian Lu, Yilin Wu, and Wei Sun. "Highly Stable Flexible SERS-Imprinted Membrane Based on Plasmonic MOF Material for the Selective Detection of Chrysoidin in Environmental Water." Polymers 17, no. 1 (2024): 81. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym17010081.

Full text

Abstract:

Chrysoidin (CG) can be ingested into the human body through the skin and cause chronic toxicity, so the detection of CG levels in the environment is crucial. In this study, we synthesize F-Ag@ZIF-8/PVC molecular-imprinted membranes (FZAP-MIM) by an innovative combination of SERS detection, membrane separation, and a molecular-imprinted technique in order to perform the analysis of CG in water. The plasmonic MOF material as a SERS substrate helps to enrich the target and realize the spatial overlap of the target with the nanoparticle tip “hotspot”. To avoid the poor reproducibility of Raman signals caused by the random arrangement of the powder substrate, polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is used to provide support and protection for the powder substrate. PVC has excellent dirt immunity and chemical stability, enabling the substrate to maintain Raman performance under complex and extreme detection conditions. FAZP-MIM has outstanding sensitivity and selectivity and can quickly and accurately capture targets even in the presence of similar structural interferences. The method showed superior recoveries in spiked recovery tests of real water samples and is expected to be practically applied to the trace detection of organic dye molecules in the environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Journal, Baghdad Science. "Preparation of Electrical Conducting Polymer CompositesFrom Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Resin and StudyingSome its Electrical Properties." Baghdad Science Journal 6, no. 4 (2009): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.6.4.775-783.

Full text

Abstract:

The D.C electrical and thermoelectrically properties of randomly mixed isolator – electrolyte system as (Al/ PVC – LiF/Al) junction consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)resin reinforced with Lithium Fluoride (LiF) powder were studied. A comparison is made the properties of (PVC) material with varying percentage of (LiF) powder (0%, 30%, 50%, 80%)to find out the effect of reinforcement of isolator material. The composites dissolving in 10ml form tettraHaedroflourn (THF) and Solution were the castled in Petri dish and Laved it dry in the air, The out coming Sample were disc - Like shape of a diameter of about 3cm and thickness reneged between (0.01- 0.018) cm . The composites dissolving in 10ml form tettraHaedroflourn (THF) and Solution were the castled in Petri dish and Laved it dry in the air, The out coming Sample were disc - Like shape of a diameter of about 3cm and thickness reneged between (0.01- 0.018) cm . The experimental results show that current and the conductivity of (PVC - LiF) composites increase by three orders of magnitude when the volume fraction (LiF Vol.%) increase and so dose with temperature. The activation energy of the thermal rate - process of the electrical conductivity is determined and found to decrease with increasing the LiF vol. % content. We find that this composite has good conductivity, light weight and easily manufactured. These very good ideal characteristics can make the composite very suitable to be used commercially

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Abaas, Roula Abdul Khadher. "Preparation of Electrical Conducting Polymer CompositesFrom Polyvinylchloride (PVC) Resin and StudyingSome its Electrical Properties." Baghdad Science Journal 6, no. 4 (2009): 775–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2009.6.4.775-783.

Full text

Abstract:

The D.C electrical and thermoelectrically properties of randomly mixed isolator – electrolyte system as (Al/ PVC – LiF/Al) junction consisting of polyvinyl chloride (PVC)resin reinforced with Lithium Fluoride (LiF) powder were studied. A comparison is made the properties of (PVC) material with varying percentage of (LiF) powder (0%, 30%, 50%, 80%)to find out the effect of reinforcement of isolator material. The composites dissolving in 10ml form tettraHaedroflourn (THF) and Solution were the castled in Petri dish and Laved it dry in the air, The out coming Sample were disc - Like shape of a diameter of about 3cm and thickness reneged between (0.01- 0.018) cm . The composites dissolving in 10ml form tettraHaedroflourn (THF) and Solution were the castled in Petri dish and Laved it dry in the air, The out coming Sample were disc - Like shape of a diameter of about 3cm and thickness reneged between (0.01- 0.018) cm . The experimental results show that current and the conductivity of (PVC - LiF) composites increase by three orders of magnitude when the volume fraction (LiF Vol.%) increase and so dose with temperature. The activation energy of the thermal rate - process of the electrical conductivity is determined and found to decrease with increasing the LiF vol. % content. We find that this composite has good conductivity, light weight and easily manufactured. These very good ideal characteristics can make the composite very suitable to be used commercially

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'PVC powder'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles