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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'PVME'
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1
Berthet, Jean-Claude CeÌdric. "Modelling of relaxation processes in polymers in the glassy state : methoxy group rotation in PVME." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418769.
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Lefebvre, Christelle. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés physicochimiques de copolymères à blocs PS-b-PI et PS-b-PVME linéaires et cycliques." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00371072.
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Plusieurs paramètres peuvent influencer l'auto-assemblage des copolymères à blocs : la nature chimique, la concentration, la température ou encore l'architecture de la macromolécule en sont quelques exemples. C'est en partant de ces considérations que l'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été fixé. Il s'agit d'étudier l'effet de la cyclisation de copolymères à blocs sur leurs propriétés d'auto-assemblage en solution et en masse. Dans un premier temps, des copolymères diblocs linéaires et cycliques, composés d'un bloc PS hydrophobe et d'un bloc PI hydrophobe ou PVME hydrophile, ont été élaborés en utilisant une stratégie de synthèse fondée sur la combinaison de méthodes de polymérisations vivantes contrôlées et de couplage des extrémités de chaînes. Nous avons ensuite comparé les comportements auto-associatifs, en solution diluée et en masse, des copolymères cycliques avec ceux de leurs précurseurs linéaires de même composition et de même masse molaire. L'influence de plusieurs paramètres a été examinée : le choix du solvant (sélectif ou non de l'un des blocs, mélanges...), la température, la méthode de préparation des échantillons, la concentration, etc... Ces objectifs n'auraient pu être atteints sans l'utilisation de techniques d'analyse physico-chimique complémentaires.
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Lefebvre, Christelle. "Synthèse et étude des propriétés physico-chimiques de copolymères à blocs PS-b-PI et PS-b-PVME linéaires et cycliques." Bordeaux 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR13350.
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Plusieurs paramètres peuvent influencer l'auto-assemblage des copolymères à blocs : la nature chimique, la concentration, la température ou encore l'architecture de la macromolécule en sont quelques exemples. C'est en partant de ces considérations que l'objectif de ce travail de thèse a été fixé. Il s'agit d'étudier l'effet de la cyclisation de copolymères à blocs sur leurs propriétés d'auto-assemblage en solution et en masse. Dans un premier temps, des copolymères diblocs linéaires et cycliques, composés d'un bloc PS hydrophobe et d'un bloc PI hydrohobe ou PVME hydrophile, ont été élaborés en utilisant une stratégie de synthèse fondée sur la combinaison de méthodes de polymérisations vivantes contrôlées et de couplages des extrémités de chaînes. Nous avons ensuite comparé les comportements auto-associatifs, en solution diluée et en masse, des copolymères cyclique avec ceux de leurs précurseurs linéaires de même composition et de même masse molaire. L'influence de plusieurs paramètres a été examinée : le choix du solvant (sélectif ou non de l'un des blocs, mélanges. . . ), la température, la méthode de préparation des échantillons, la concentration, etc. . . Ces objectifs n'auraient pu être atteints sans l'utilsiation de techniques d'analyse physico-chimqiue complémentaires.
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Wuyts, Shirley Lynne. "SAR processing using PVM." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/21763.
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Bibliography: pages 120-121.This thesis explores various methods of using PVM (Parallel Virtual Machine) to improve the speed of processing a SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar) image. A network of heterogeneous machines were set up as the basis of the parallel virtual machine. SAR processing software was written for testing the PVM. The software performed simplified range and azimuth compression on simulated SAR images of a point target The theory and results were examined as part of the thesis. Complications such as range curvature, range migration and range dependent focusing were not addressed.
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Kazakauskaitė, Ieva. "Teisė į PVM atskaitą kaip fundamentalus PVM principas: praktinės šios teisės realizavimo problemos Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20101125_183238-74870.
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Pridėtinės vertės mokestis (toliau PVM) – mokestis imamas nuo papildomai sukurtos pridėtinės vertės, juo apmokestinant prekių tiekimą ir paslaugų teikimą. Pirmą kartą PVM įvestas Prancūzijoje 1957 m., tačiau galutinis šio mokesčio teisinis sureguliavimas siejamas su 1977 m. gegužės 17 d. priimta Šeštąja Tarybos direktyva. Lietuvoje nagrinėjamą mokestį reglamentuoja Lietuvos Respublikos pridėtinės vertės mokesčio įstatymas, kuris yra visiškai suderintas su Europos Sąjungos teisės aktais PVM srityje. PVM yra bendro pobūdžio, vartojimo, netiesioginis, daugiapakopis mokestis, renkamas atsižvelgiant į sukurtą pridėtinę vertę. Į valstybės biudžetą PVM turi pervesti mokesčio mokėtojai – prekybos ir tiekimų grandinės dalyviai, tačiau faktiškai šį mokestį sumoka galutinis vartotojas, įsigydamas prekę ar paslaugą. Teisė į PVM atskaitą yra fundamentalus PVM principas, kuriuo grindžiamas visas PVM veikimo mechanizmas. PVM, sumokėtas visuose civilinės apyvartos etapuose, iki galutinio prekės ar paslaugos pardavimo turi būti atskaitomas. Apmokestinant prekių ar paslaugų teikimą kiekvienoje civilinės apyvartos stadijoje ir uždraudus atskaitą, sukurta pridėtinė vertė būtų apmokestinama ne vieną, o gal ir daugiau kartų. Teisės į PVM atskaitą insituto pagalba mokestinė našta iš ekonominę veiklą vykdančių asmenų sektoriaus yra perkeliama į vartojimo sektorių, taip įgyvendinant fiskalinio neutralumo principą ir užtikrinant gamybos ir tiekimų grandinėje dalyvaujančių subjektų lygybę ir sąžiningą... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Value-Added Tax (VAT) is a tax on the supply of goods and services. VAT was introduced in France on 1957. When the Sixth VAT Directive was adopted in 1977, the final adjustment and harmonization of VAT was reached. In the Republic of Lithuania there is a Value-Added Tax law, which is harmonized with the European Union acts. VAT is an indirect, common, multi-stage, consumption tax. The taxable person have to pay VAT in the national budget for the value, which was created in the production and distribution process. VAT is levied upon the articles of trade before they reach the customer, who eventually pays the tax-inclusive market price. Actually the VAT is pied by the final customer. The right to deduct VAT is the fundamental principle of VAT. All VAT working mechanism is based on this right to deduct. VAT, pied at all stages of production and distribution, have to be deducted by the business participants of the supply-chain. This institute – right to deduct VAT – helps to reach the situation that the payer of the VAT does not suffer a tax, because the final consumer, who is unable to deduct this tax, bears the total VAT. Consequently the fiscal neutrality and fair competition of business participants in the supply-chain is assured. The taxable person, who wants to implement his right to deduct VAT, has to meet the requirements: to do real acts of purchase and sale, formalize it in the invoice or any other accounting document, to be honest and not to abuse the tax laws. The... [to full text]
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Skoupý, Jiří. "Pohon regulačního kruhu PVE Merkersbach." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228065.
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This thesis is focused on determination of forces acting to regulation ring of water power plant Markersbach (Germany). Solution of the problem is realized for two variants of servomotors – with and without servomotors acting surfaces balancing. Next topics of this thesis are strenght calculation of piston rod and bottom of the servomotors. Minimalization of the size of servomotors plungers by change of regulation kinematics has been done and minimal pressure in the pressure tank is determined. At the conclusion of this thesis received results are mentioned and its interpretation has been done. This thesis is provided for company Litostroj Power, ČKD Blansko Engineering, a.s.
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Laucius, Gediminas. "Teisės į PVM ataskaitą ir prievolės registruotis PVM mokėtoju santykis pridėtinės vertės mokesčio raidos kontekste." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20100224_104841-25561.
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Pridėtinės vertės mokestį yra įsivedusios apie 150 pasaulio valstybių, jis sudaro reikšmingą valstybių biudžeto pajamų dalį (statistiškai apie penktadalį). Pagrindinėmis priežastimis, nulėmusiomis beprecedentį PVM populiarumą ir sparčią mokesčio integraciją į daugumos pasaulio valstybių mokestines sistemas, laikomi reikšmingi alternatyvių netiesioginių apyvartos mokesčių sisteminiai trūkumai, kurių PVM neturi. Pridėtinės vertės mokesčio unikalumas ir pranašumas prieš kitus apyvartos mokesčius slypi pirkimo PVM atskaitos mechanizme, sudarančiame sąlygas apmokestinti tik kiekvienoje iš prekių ir paslaugų paskirstymo grandžių sukurtą pridėtinę vertę. Todėl, siekiant, kad PVM funkcionuotų efektyviai ir sugebėtų išlikti neutraliu apyvartos mokesčiu, yra labai svarbu, kad pirkimo PVM atskaita apmokestinamiesiems asmenims būtų arba visai neribojama, arba ribojama tik išimtiniais atvejais ir tik proporcingai tokiu ribojimu siekiamiems tikslams.
Dėl šios priežasties magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama problema, ar pagrįstai Lietuvos PVM įstatymo nuostatos, suteikiančios teisę į PVM atskaitą tik PVM mokėtojams, riboja apmokestinamųjų asmenų teisę į pirkimo PVM, patirto ir sunaudoto apmokestinamoje veikloje iki registracijos PVM mokėtoju, atskaitą.
Kaip pradinė išeities pozicija iškeliama hipotezė, kad galbūt Lietuvos Respublikos PVM įstatymo nuostatos, ribojančios apmokestinamojo asmens teisę į iki įsiregistravimo PVM mokėtoju patirtą pirkimo PVM, netinkamai įgyvendina 2006/112/EB... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Approximately 150 countries of the world have already introduced the value added tax in their tax systems. Value added tax compose a significant portion of the income of the revenue of these states’ (statistically one fifth). As the main reasons which determined the unprecedented popularity of VAT and its rapid integration into the tax systems of the most countries of the world are recognized the meaningful disadvantages of the alternative turnover tax systems, which are not typical to the systems of VAT. The uniqueness of value added tax and its advantage over the other turnover taxes lies in the mechanism of input VAT deduction. Certain mechanism allows to charge only the value added created in the stages of distribution (no cascade effect emerges). Therefore in order for VAT to operate effectively and to remain neutral, it is particularly important that taxable persons’ right to input VAT deduction is either not restricted at all, or if restricted then only in exceptional cases and only in the strict proportionality with the objectives in purpose. For the above reasons we examine the problem whether the provisions of the Lithuanian Law on VAT which entitle solely the VAT payers with the right to VAT deduction legitimately restrict the taxable persons’ right to deduct input VAT incurred and absorbed in the taxable activity prior the registration as VAT payer. As the initial starting position we hypothesize that conceivably the provisions of the Lithuanian Law on VAT... [to full text]
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Dutra, Regiane Defacio. "Estruturação da blenda de PP/PVMS na presença de nanopartículas." Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 2014. https://repositorio.ufscar.br/handle/ufscar/733.
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Previous issue date: 2014-09-26Blends technology get by mechanical blend extends the range of polymer properties and makes it possible to fit them for specific applications. The performance and the mechanical properties of immiscible polymer blends are driven by the morphology and dependent on the type and process conditions, in addition to the Interfacial properties. Polymer blends containing nanoparticles have been studied in relation to two main roles that they can play in a blend; one related to improvement of properties (mechanical, thermal, electrical barrier, etc) and other related to the modification of miscibility/compatibility and blend morphology. In this work was evaluated the structuration of PP/PVMS blend with nanoparticles of Silica (SiO2) and Halloysite (HNT), the possibility of them acting as compatibilizer and best process conditions in twin screw extruder and injection molding to achieve a good dispersion and distribution and PVMS phase into PP matrix. Was made a previous study about nanoparticle content, time and mixture sequence, by torque reometer, to define the compositions which were studied in the next (extrusion and injection). Morphology and micro-rheology were studied and their correlation with the mechanical properties was made. By means of this analysis it was noticed that the PVMS domains were smaller in the nanoparticle presence, however were not small enough to toughen the blend. An increase in impact resistance was observed, proving that the nanoparticles showed an additive effect, but no synergistic. The best results were obtained for the blend with HNT that can be attributed to its greater aspect ratio and the content to be above the percolation threshold allowing the formation of a three-dimensional network that prevented PVMS coalescence by means of a physical barrier. Micro-rheology analysis indicated that the nanoparticles was located preferentially in the PP, while the wettability parameter indicated their were located on the interface. Both analyses can be explained by kinetic aspects, which demonstrated that the mixing time used blends preparation was not enough to all particles migrate to the interface.
A tecnologia de blendas por mistura mecânica amplia a gama de propriedades dos polímeros e torna possível adequa-las para aplicações específicas. O desempenho e as propriedades mecânicas de blendas imiscíveis são governadas pela morfologia obtida e dependentes do tipo e das condições de processamento, além das propriedades interfaciais. Blendas poliméricas contendo nanopartículas têm sido estudadas com relação a duas funções principais que as mesmas podem desempenhar em uma blenda; uma relacionada à melhoria de propriedades (mecânica, barreira, térmica, elétrica etc.) e outra relacionada à modificação da miscibilidade/compatibilidade e morfologia das blendas. Neste trabalho avaliou-se a estruturação da blenda PP/PVMS na presença de nanopartículas de Sílica (SiO2) e Haloisita (HNT), a possibilidade de sua atuação com compatibilizante e as melhores condições de processamento em dupla rosca e moldagem por injeção com a finalidade de obter uma boa dispersão e distribuição das nanopartículas e do PVMS na matriz de PP. Foi realizado um estudo prévio do teor de nanopartícula, tempo e sequência de mistura, por reometria de torque, para definir as formulações a serem estudadas nas etapas posteriores, de extrusão e injeção, bem como o estudo da morfologia e da microrreologia destas formulações e suas correlações com as propriedades mecânicas obtidas. Por meio das análises realizadas verificou-se que os domínios de PVMS foram menores na presença das nanopartículas, porém não foram pequenos o suficiente para tenacificarem a blenda. Um incremento nos valores de resistência ao impacto foi observado, comprovando que as nanopartículas apresentaram um efeito aditivo, todavia não sinérgico. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos para a blenda contendo HNT que podem ser atribuídos a sua maior razão de aspecto e ao teor estar acima do limite de percolação permitindo a formação de uma rede tridimensional que evitou a coalescência do PVMS por meio de uma barreira física. A análise microrreólogica indicou que as nanopartíclas se localizaram preferencialmente na matriz de PP, enquanto o parâmetro de molhabilidade indicou a sua localização na interface. Ambas as análises podem ser explicadas por meio dos aspectos cinéticos, que demonstrou que o tempo de mistura usado na obtenção das blendas não foi suficiente para que as partículas migrassem em sua totalidade para a interface.
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Bučelytė, Odeta. "Mokestinių ginčų dėl PVM teisinė analizė Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130626_182624-02849.
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Magistro baigiamajame darbe atlikta teisinė analizė mokestinių ginčų dėl PVM atžvilgiu bei iškeltos problemos ir pateiktos išvados dėl PVM reglamentavimo Lietuvoje ir jo atitikimo šiandienos aktualijoms, kadangi būtent dėl PVM kyla daugiausia mokestinių ginčų. Teisinė analizė atlikta pasinaudojus egzistuojančia mokestinio ginčo nagrinėjimo struktūra, t.y. ikiteismine bei teismine stadijomis. Minėta analizė atlikta mokestinius ginčus dėl PVM suskirsčius į tris rūšis: ginčus dėl PVM atskaitos; ginčus dėl PVM atskaitos tikslinimo; ginčus dėl lengvatinio 0 PVM tarifo taikymo. Pirmojoje darbo dalyje teoriniu aspektu nagrinėjama mokestinio ginčo samprata, mokestinio ginčo stadijos, mokestinius ginčus nagrinėjančių institucijų reikšmė. Antroje darbo dalyje aptariami pagrindiniai PVM elementai, PVM reglamentavimas ir PVM reikšmė Lietuvoje. Trečioje darbo dalyje pateikiama mokestinių ginčų statistika 2010 metams, bei atliekama teisinė analizė mokestinių ginčų dėl PVM Lietuvoje atžvilgiu.In a final master‘s work, there is presented a legal analysis of fee disputes due to VAT. There are revealed the problems and given the conclusions due to regulation of VAT in Lithuania too. Exactly for this reason of VAT, rise many disputes of the fees. The juridical analysis was accomplished using the research structure of existing taxable disputes, it means: pre-juridical and juridical stage. In the first part of the work there is written about the concept of the taxable disputes in a theoretical aspect, their stages and the importance of pending institutions. In the second part there are disputed the main elements of VAT, its regualation and importance in Lithuania.
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Konuru, Ravindranath Bala. "A migratable user-level process package for PVM /." Full text open access at:, 1995. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,633.
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Farias, Denilson Atilio Godry. "Paralelização da Técnica Branch and Bound com PVM." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/25089.
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Resumo: Este trabalho aborda a implementação paralela da técnica Branch-and-Bound em problemas de otimização combinatoria, especificamente busca em grafos. E utilizado na implementação o modelo de programação paralela por troca de mensagens com o uso da biblioteca Parallel Virtual Machine (PVM) sobre o sistema operacional Linux em uma arquitetura multicomputador. E analisado o comportamento da técnica Branch-and-Bound, em particular a relação entre (a) três critérios de busca, (b) a utilização dos recursos de memória e (c) granularidade de, processamento e comunicação entre processos. E proposto um esquema de implementação com processos mestre-escravos semi-distribuído, onde o processo mestre é responsável pela distribuição de tarefas e os processos escravos pela disseminação de resultados parciais no sistema. Resultados experimentais dessa implementação são exibidos e analisados, assim como algumas características relevantes ao desempenho global encontradas no uso da biblioteca PVM para esta arquitetura. De um modo geral obtivemos em média para os problemas investigados uma eficiência da execução paralela da ordem de 98% em comparação à execução serial.
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mehmood, Saad. "Design and Development of an impeller for 100% PVM : Design and Development of an impeller for 100% PVM for Radinn Hydro Jet." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Jönköping University, JTH, Konstruktion och produktutveckling, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-50568.
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This project aims to design and develop hydro jet which is integrated to Electric motor, whichis limited to run at 70% PWM. Which limits the efficiency of the system, to make an efficientsystem, hydro jet parameters are not defined which are desired to be defined by design fourimpellors for basic Radinn G2x Jet Pack design. The impellors will be four expected points inHydro Jet and final impellor is assumed to lie between these design points, to find the finalspecifications of the hydro jet, the hydro jet will be designed, using computational fluiddynamics they will be analysed. After analysis, they will be manufactured and tested in poolfacility where MGM controller will be used to measure the numerical data from electric circuitwhich powers the system to analyse the performance parameters to finalize the validity of 100% PWM. Microsoft Excel is used to calculate the Hydro Jet Geometric parameters, which areused in Solid Works, where parametric modelling is used to design impellors based ongeometric parameters calculated in Excel. Using Computational fluid dynamics hydro jetperformance is simulated and analysed. To validate the design further, prototypes aremanufactured and tested using workshop pool testing facility using MGM software. As a result,four hydro jet points are calculated, analysed and tested, four pumps are designed for specificflow rate, velocity and torque is calculated for four hydro jets. They are calculated and verifiedusing computational fluid dynamics, as a result flow rate, velocity and torques are calculatedfor all four hydro jets. Four impellors are manufactured and then tested in Radinn work shopand as a result current, power and rpm of the hydro jets are measured using MGM software.From power, rpm and current the torque can be calculated, while rpm is compared againstpredicted computational fluid dynamics results. The results from this project is limited toRadinn G2x jet pack, motor and other parts of the hydro jet’s Jet pack are standard parts
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Hanashi, Salah. "System-level fault diagnosis in the distributed PVM environment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/MQ31581.pdf.
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Strnad, David. "Vyhledávací studie vhodných lokalit pro nové PVE v ČR." Master's thesis, Česká zemědělská univerzita v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-258609.
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This theses reports on facts about pumped storage power plants. The first part
of the theses introduces us to the importace of hydropower, consists of a description
of historical development of pumping sets, and also defines limitations for its
potential suitable localization.
The research is processed via ArcGIS software and it´s methodologically divided
into three phases. The first phase is searching for the minimum suitable terrain
gradient on the whole Czech landscape and it defines local insterests for the next
phase of research. The second phase is based on limited factors and assesses the
chosen location of interest. The final phase provides detail on the most potentially
suitable destinations with specific locations of pumped storage power plants.
The study resulted in map outputs of final destinations and locations of interest
across the Czech landscape.
The distinction of source data and the importace of classification of enviromental
factors are included in the discussion.
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Santos, Aldri Luiz dos. "Avaliação de desempenho da comunicação com PVM em ambiente Linux." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/24755.
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Žilinskaitė, Nendrė. "Pridėtinės vertės mokesčio reglamentavimas ES." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090908_194104-26111.
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Magistro darbe „PVM reglamentavimas ES“ pirmiausia glaustai aptarti ES teisės instrumentai, jų esmė ir reikšmė PVM reglamentavimui. Stengiamasi atskleisti PVM harmonizavimo procesą, jo istorinę eigą, tikslus, kadangi tolesnė PVM reglamentavimo analizė, neaptarus ES teisės aktų PVM srityje derinimo, būtų neįmanoma. Detaliausiai nagrinėjamas bene reikšmingiausias šio proceso rezultatas – 2006/112/EB direktyva dėl PVM bendros sistemos, kuria nauja redakcija išdėstyta PVM Šeštoji direktyva. Ši direktyva analizuojama ETT praktikos kontekste. Aptariamas PVM objektas, apmokestinamasis asmuo, apmokestinamieji sandoriai, apmokestinamųjų sandorių vieta, apmokestinamųjų sandorių vietos reglamentavimas elektroninės komercijos kontekste, apmokestinimo momentas, apmokestinamoji vertė, tarifų dydis ir struktūra, PVM atskaita. Išskirtinis dėmesys darbe skiriamas leidžiančių nukrypti nuostatų analizei, sukčiavimo PVM problemai, valstybių narių bendradarbiavimo PVM srityje reglamentavimui. Šiais konkrečiais aspektais apibrėžiama magistrinio darbo tyrimo erdvė. Apibendrinant PVM reglamentavimo apžvalgą, išskirtos PVM reglamentavimo tendencijos, PVM derinimo strategija. Stengiamasi atskleisti reikšmę ir ryšį ES teisės normų, skirtų kovai su sukčiavimu bei jo prevencijai, ir normų skirtų valstybių bendradarbiavimui. Leidžiančios nukrypti nuostatos analizuojamos, kaip reguliavimas, turintis tiek neigiamą, tiek teigiamą aspektus. ES valstybių narių nacionaliniai teisės aktai nagrinėjami gana... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]First of all, in this master work “Legal regulation of the Value Added Tax in the Eu” there are briefly described legal instruments which are used in EU for legal regulation of VAT. Purpose and effect of these instruments concerning legal regulation of the VAT in EU are discussed. The main purpose of this work is to analyze the process of harmonization of VAT, history of this process, and results. Further evaluation of legal regulation of VAT would not be possible without analyzing VAT harmonization. Mostly, attention is paid to very important result of harmonization – Council Directive 2006/112/EC on the common system of value added tax, which is a new edition of Sixth Council Directive 77/388/EEC of 17 May 1977 on the harmonization of the laws of the Member States relating to turnover taxes - Common system of value added tax: uniform basis of assessment. This directive is analyzed in the context of case-law of the European Court of Justice. Territorial scope, taxable persons, taxable transactions, place of taxable transactions, e-commerce concerning place of transaction, chargeable event and chargeability of taxable amount, rates, and deductions are the aspects analyzed. Special attention is paid to analysis of derogations, VAT fraud problem, and cooperation of EU member states in regulation of VAT administration process. Area of this work is defined by mentioned aspects. The tendencies of VAT legal regulations and the strategy of VAT harmonization are described. The... [to full text]
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Silva, Flavio Arnaldo Braga da. "Balanceamento de Carga em Ambientes Paralelos Virtuais com Aplicações no PVM-W95." Universidade de São Paulo, 1997. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/55/55134/tde-20032018-083758/.
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Esta dissertação de mestrado aborda o problema de balanceamento de carga em ambientes paralelos virtuais, com aplicações desenvolvidas em PVM-W95. São considerados no desenvolvimento deste trabalho algoritmos de balanceamento estáticos e dinâmicos, incluindo métodos de distribuição e de migração de tarefas. O trabalho apresenta uma vasta revisão bibliográfica que cobre os principais métodos e algoritmos de balanceamento de cargas em ambientes distribuídos e paralelos, propostos nos últimos anos. Os métodos e algoritmos relevantes para o domínio de aplicação considerado são cuidadosamente investigados. Os algoritmos estudados são implementados como parte dos programas de aplicação e o estudo desenvolvido abrange fundamentalmente programas com alto processamento numérico. Os resultados obtidos mostram claramente que o método gradiente e os algoritmos globais são os mais eficientes para os programas aplicativos desenvolvidos e para o ambiente paralelo virtual adotado.This MSc dissertation approaches the load balancing problem in parallel virtual environments, with applications developed in the PVM-W95. Static and Dynamic load balancing algorithms are considered in the developement of this work, including methods for both task distribution and task migration. The work shows a wide literature review covering the main methods and algorithms for load balancing in distributed and parallel environments, proposed over the last few years. The relevant methods and algorithms for the application domain considered are carefully investigated. The algorithms studied are implemented inbeded into the application programs and the study developed mainly covers programs with high numerical processing tasks. The results obtained clearly shows that the gradient method and the global algorithms are the more efficient ones for the application programs developed and for the parallel virtual environment adopted.
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Laverty, Thomas Patrick Edward. "The physiochemical characterisation of novel bioadhesive viscoelastic systems based on PVM/MA." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517387.
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Mtshali, Progress Q. T. "Minimizing Parallel Virtual Machine [PVM] Tasks Execution Times Through Optimal Host Assignments." NSUWorks, 2000. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/740.
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PVM is a message passing system that is designed to run parallel programs across a network of workstations. Its default scheduler uses the round-robin scheduling algorithm to assign tasks to hosts on the virtual machine. This task assignment strategy is deficient when it comes to a network of heterogeneous workstations. Heterogeneity could be software related, hardware related or both. The default scheduler does not attempt to assign a PVM task to a node within the virtual machine that best services the PVM task. The problem with this allocation scheme is that resource requirements for each task that must be assigned to a computer vary. The default scheduler could assign a computation intensive parallel task to a computer that has a slow central processing unit (CPU) thus taking longer to execute the task to completion (Ju and Wang, 1996). It is also possible that a communication bound process is assigned to a computer with very low bandwidth. The scheduler needs to assign tasks to computers in such a way that tasks are assigned to computers that will fulfill the resource requirements of a given task: schedule and balance the work load in such a way that the overall execution time is minimized. In this dissertation, a stochastic task assignment method was developed that not only takes into account the heterogeneity of the hosts but also utilizes state information for the tasks to be assigned, and hosts onto which they are assigned. Task assignment methods that exist today, such as used in Condor, PvmJobs, CROP, and Matchmaker tend to be designed for a homogenous environment using the UNIX operating system or its variants. They also tend to use operating system data structures that are sometimes not common across most architectures. This makes it difficult to port them to other architectures. The task assignment method that was developed in this dissertation was initially implemented across a PVM environment consisting of a network of Win32® architecture, Linux architecture, and Sun Solaris architecture. A portable prototype implementation that runs across these architectures was developed. A simulator based on the CSIMIS toolkit was developed and utilized to study the behavior of the M/G/I queueing model on which the task assignment is based.
Four PVM programs were run on a PVM environment that consisted of six nodes. The run-times of these progran1s were measured for both the default scheduler and the method proposed in this dissertation. The analysis of the run-times suggests that the proposed task assignment method works better for PVM programs that are CPU intensive than those that are small and do not require a lot of CPU time. The reason for this behavior can be attributed to high overheard that is required to compute the task assignment probabilities for all the hosts in the PVM environment. However, the proposed method appears to minimize execution times for the CPU intensive tasks. The ease with which external resource managers in the PVM environment can be incorporated into the PVM environment at run-time makes this proposed method an alternative to the default scheduler. More work needs to be done before the results that were obtained from this dissertation could be generalized, if at all possible, across the board. A number of recommendations on the reduction of overheard are specified at the end of this report.
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Ocwelwang, Atsile Rosy. "Photocatalytic activity and antibacterial properties of Ag/N-doped TiO2 nanoparticles on PVAE-CS nanofibre support." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1006794.
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Lack of potable water is one of the major challenges that the world faces currently and the effects of this are mainly experienced by people in developing countries. This has therefore propelled research in advanced oxidation technologies AOTs to improve the current water treatment methods using cost effective, non toxic and efficient treatment methods. Hence, in this study the sol-gel synthesis method was used to prepare TiO2 nanoparticles that were photocatalytically active under UV and visible solar light as well as possessing antibacterial properties. Silver and nitrogen doping was carried out to extend the optical absorption of TiO2. For easy removal and reuse of the photocatalyst the nanoparticles were immobilized on chitosan and poly (vinyl-alcohol-co-ethylene) using the electrospining technique. The synthesized nanomaterials were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM/EDS, TEM, DRS, and TGA. FTIR and EDS analysis confirmed the formation and composition of TiO2 nanopowders for the doped and undoped nanoparticles. XRD analysis showed that the anatase phase was the dominant crystalline phase of the synthesized nanopowders. SEM and TEM respectively illustrated the distribution and size of the electrospun nanofibers and the nanoparticles of TiO2. DRS results showed that there was a significant shift in the absorption band edge and wavelength of Ag-TiO2 to 397 nm, followed by N-TiO2 at 396 nm compared to the commercial titania which was at 359 nm. The photocatalytic activities and antibacterial properties of these materials were tested on methylene blue dye and E.coli microorganism respectively. Ag-TiO2 immobilized on nanofibers of chitosan and PVAE had the highest photocatalytic activity compared to N-TiO2. Similar results were observed when the biocide properties of these materials were tested on E. coli.
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Osman, Taha Mohammed. "FADI : a fault-tolerant environment for distributed processing systems." Thesis, Nottingham Trent University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388867.
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Salazar, Araque Victor Manuel. "Paralelização de ajuste de historicos de produção em rede de estações usando PVM." [s.n.], 1995. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264658.
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Orientador: Denis Jose SchiozerDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Machado, Augusto Andre Vieira. "Analise de sensibilidade aplicada a ajuste de historico de produção usando o PVM." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264745.
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Orientador: Denis Jose SchiozerDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Wallstén, Elin. "Correction for partial volume effects in PET imaging." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Radiofysik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46797.
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The limited spatial resolution in positron emission tomography (PET) images leads to difficulties to measure correct uptake in tumours. This is called partial volume effects (PVE) and can lead to serious bias, especially for small tumours. Correct uptake values are valuable for evaluating therapies and can be used as a tool for treatment planning. The purpose of this project was to evaluate two methods for compensating for PVE. Also, a method for tumour delineation in PET-images was evaluated. The methods were used on images reconstructed with two algorithms, VUE-point HD (VP HD) and VP SharpIR. The evaluation was performed using a phantom including fillable spheres which were used to simulate tumours of different sizes. The first method used for PVE compensation was an iterative deconvolution method which to some degree restores the spatial resolution in the images. The tumour uptake was measured with volumes of interest (VOIs) based on a percentage of the maximum voxel value. The second method was to use recovery coefficients (RCs) as correction factors for the measured activity concentrations. These were calculated by convolving binary images of tumours with the point spread function (PSF). The binary images were achieved both from computed tomography (CT) images and from PET images with a threshold method for tumour delineation. The threshold method was based on both tumour activity and background activity, and was also compared with a conventional threshold technique. The results showed that images reconstructed with VP SharpIR can be used for activity concentration measurements with good precision for tumours larger than 13mm diameter. Smaller tumours benefit from RCs correction. The threshold method for tumour delineation showed substantially better results compared to the conventional threshold method.Den begränsade spatiella upplösningen i bilder från positronemissions-tomografi (PET) leder till svårigheter i att mäta korrekt upptag i tumörer. Detta kallas partiella volymseffekter (PVE) och kan leda till stora fel, speciellt för små tumörer. Korrekta upptagsvärden är värdefulla vid behandlingsutvärdering och kan användas som ett verktyg för att planera behandlingar. Syftet med detta projekt var att utvärdera två metoder för att kompensera för PVE. Även en metod för tumöravgränsning i PET-bilder utvärderades. Metoderna användes på bilder som rekonstruerats med två olika algoritmer, VUE-point HD (VP HD) och VP SharpIR. Utvärderingen utfördes med ett fantom med sfärer som fylldes med aktivitet och därmed simulerade tumörer av olika storlekar. Den första metoden för PVE-kompensation var en iterativ avfaltningsmetod som, i viss mån, återställer bildernas spatiella upplösning. Upptaget i tumörerna mättes som medelupptaget i s.k. ”volumes of interests” (VOI:ar) som baserades på andelar av maximala voxelvärdet. Den andra metoden byggde på användning av s.k. recovery coefficients (RCs) som korrektionsfaktorer för de uppmätta aktivitetskoncentrationerna. Dessa beräknades genom att falta binära bilder av tumörerna med punktspridningsfunktionen (PSF). De binära bilderna framställdes både från bilder tagna med datortomografi (computed tomography, CT) och från PET-bilder med en tröskelmetod för tumöravgränsning. Tröskelmetoden baserades både på aktiviteten i tumören och på bakgrundsaktiviteten. Den jämfördes också med en konventionell tröskelmetod. Resultaten visade att bilder som rekonstruerats med VP SharpIR kan användas för mätning av aktivitetskoncentration med god precision för tumörer större än 13mm diameter. För mindre tumörer är det bättre att använda RC:s. Tröskelmetoden för tumöravgränsning visade avsevärt bättre resultat jämfört med den traditionella tröskelmetoden.
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ERAZO, ENRIQUE VINICIO CARRERA. "IMPLEMENTATION OF A METHODOLOGY FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF CONFIGURABLE DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS ON THE PVM PLATFORM." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 1996. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=14258@1.
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COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIORA presente dissertação descreve as características mais relevantes encontradas na metodologia de construção de software implementada pelo ambiente P-RIO. Este ambiente foi construído sobre a plataforma PVM, visando reunir em um só sistema as abstrações de alto nível para a modularização, paralelização e configuração gráfica de aplicações, e a portabilidade oferecida pela máquina virtual. A metodologia proposta facilita a reutilização do software e a manutenção de sistemas, permitindo maior eficiência no processo de desenvolvimento de aplicações distribuídas e paralelas. Além disso, o suporte à operação oferecido por P-RIO permite que usuários, sem um grande treinamento prévio, possam criar sistemas computacionais relativamente complexos. A implementação do ambiente inclui uma interface gráfica e uma linguagem de configuração integradas ao sistema, que provêem facilidades para a construção, depuração e gerenciamento de aplicações. São apresentados, também, alguns exemplos de aplicações que utilizam a metodologia P-Rio.
This dissertation describes the most relevant characteristics of the software construction methodology implemented by the P-RIO environment. This environment was built on the PVM platform, attempting to combine in a single system the high-level facilities for modularity, parallelization and graphic configuration of applications, and the portability offered by the virtual machine. The proposed methodology simplifies software maintenance, improving efficiency in the development process of distributed and parallel applications. Besides, the operation support offered by P-RIO allows users, with little training, to build relatively complex computational systems. The environment implementation includes a graphic interface and a configuration language, integrated to the system, that provide facilities for construction, debugging, and management of applications. Several examples of applications based on the P-RIO methodology are also presented.
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Vargas, Cuervo Carlos Herman. "Otimização do calculo de parametros no processo de ajuste de historicos de produção usando PVM." [s.n.], 1997. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/264718.
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Orientador: Denis Jose SchiozerDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Budzinskaitė, Jolanta. "Lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų taikymo tikslingumo analizė." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20080207_140139-43443.
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Šiuo metu Lietuvoje gana aktualus lengvatinių PVM tarifų taikymo klausimas. Lengvatinių PVM tarifų poveikis prekių/paslaugų kainai, jų paklausai, naujų darbo vietų kūrimui, valstybės pajamoms – aktuali tema ne tik Lietuvoje, bet ir visoje Europos Sąjungoje. Tai įrodo vis gausėjantys ekonomistų straipsniai mokslo leidiniuose, įvairių institucijų atliekamos PVM lengvatų poveikio analizės. Be to, lengvatinio PVM tarifo taikymo tikslingumas – dažnas visuomenės diskusijų ir žiniasklaidos susidomėjimo objektas.
Darbo tikslas – išanalizuoti ir įvertinti lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų taikymo tikslingumą, atliekant analizę. Darbo objektas – lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų taikymas Lietuvoje ir Europos Sąjungoje bei jų poveikis ekonomikai. Darbo tikslui pasiekti buvo iškelti tokie uždaviniai: apibūdinti pridėtinės vertės mokestį, nustatant jo vietą mokesčių sistemoje ir aptariant jo reikšmingumą šalies biudžetui; išanalizuoti pagrindinius teisės aktus, reglamentuojančius pridėtinės vertės mokesčio taikymą Lietuvoje ir Europos Sąjungoje, bei išanalizuoti lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų taikymo reglamentavimą Europos Sąjungoje ir Lietuvoje; išanalizuoti lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų kaitą Lietuvoje; palyginti Lietuvoje ir kitose Europos Sąjungos valstybėse narėse taikomų lengvatinių pridėtinės vertės mokesčio tarifų dydžius ir jais apmokestinamų prekių/paslaugų grupes; palyginti pardavimų, apmokestinamų lengvatiniais... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The effect of the value added tax decrease (VAT) on prices, inquiry, employment and public revenue is subjected regularly to the intensive debate not only in Lithuania, but also in the whole European Union (EU). The importance of reduced VAT effect shows growing number of economic articles, also the application of the reduced VAT is a frequent discussion object in the society and in the media. The goal of the work is to analyze the importance of the application of the reduced VAT sentences. The object of the work is the economic effects of the application of the reduced VAT sentences in Lithuania and in the European Union. To reach a purpose of the work, such tasks are issued: To define VAT and to explain its importance; to analyze the most important VAT laws; to analyze the alternation of the reduced VAT sentences in Lithuania; to compare the reduced VAT sentences in Lithuania and in the EU; to compare the categories of goods and services which are taxed on the VAT sentence in the EU; to compare the interest of the base of the reduced price in the EU; to explain the purposes of the VAT decrease; to analyze the price effects, production effects and occupation effects of VAT decrease; to overlook views of different institutions. In the work such working methods are applied: Analysis of the juridical documents and the nonfiction literature; contents analysis; analysis of the statistical information; Comparative analysis and a review of the electronic data base. Work hypothesis... [to full text]
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Hobbs, Michael J., and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The management of SPMD based parallel processing on clusters of workstations." Deakin University. School of Computing and Mathematics, 1998. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051202.083729.
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Current attempts to manage parallel applications on Clusters of Workstations (COWs) have either generally followed the parallel execution environment approach or been extensions to existing network operating systems, both of which do not provide complete or satisfactory solutions. The efficient and transparent management of parallelism within the COW environment requires enhanced methods of process instantiation, mapping of parallel process to workstations, maintenance of process relationships, process communication facilities, and process coordination mechanisms.
The aim of this research is to synthesise, design, develop and experimentally study a system capable of efficiently and transparently managing SPMD parallelism on a COW. This system should both improve the performance of SPMD based parallel programs and relieve the programmer from the involvement into parallelism management in order to allow them to concentrate on application programming. It is also the aim of this research to show that such a system, to achieve these objectives, is best achieved by adding new special services and exploiting the existing services of a client/server and microkernel based distributed operating system. To achieve these goals the research methods of the experimental computer science should be employed.
In order to specify the scope of this project, this work investigated the issues related to parallel processing on COWs and surveyed a number of relevant systems including PVM, NOW and MOSIX. It was shown that although the MOSIX system provide a number of good services related to parallelism management, none of the system forms a complete solution. The problems identified with these systems include: instantiation services that are not suited to parallel processing; duplication of services between the parallelism management environment and the operating system; and poor levels of transparency.
A high performance and transparent system capable of managing the execution of SPMD parallel applications was synthesised and the specific services of process instantiation, process mapping and process interaction detailed. The process instantiation service designed here provides the capability to instantiate parallel processes using either creation or duplication methods and also supports multiple and group based instantiation which is specifically design for SPMD parallel processing. The process mapping service provides the combination of process allocation and dynamic load balancing to ensure the load of a COW remains balanced not only at the time a parallel program is initialised but also during the execution of the program. The process interaction service guarantees to maintain transparently process relationships, communications and coordination services between parallel processes regardless of their location within the COW. The combination of these services provides an original architecture and organisation of a system that is capable of fully managing the execution of SPMD parallel applications on a COW.
A logical design of a parallelism management system was developed derived from the synthesised system and was shown that it should ideally be based on a distributed operating system employing the client server model. The client/server based distributed operating system provides the level of transparency, modularity and flexibility necessary for a complete parallelism management system. The services identified in the synthesised system have been mapped to a set of server processes including: Process Instantiation Server providing advanced multiple and group based process creation and duplication; Process Mapping Server combining load collection, process allocation and dynamic load balancing services; and Process Interaction Server providing transparent interprocess communication and coordination. A Process Migration Server was also identified as vital to support both the instantiation and mapping servers.
The RHODOS client/server and microkernel based distributed operating system was selected to carry out research into the detailed design and to be used for the implementation this parallelism management system. RHODOS was enhanced to provide the required servers and resulted in the development of the REX Manager, Global Scheduler and Process Migration Manager to provide the services of process instantiation, mapping and migration, respectively. The process interaction services
were already provided within RHODOS and only required some extensions to the existing Process Manager and IPC Managers.
Through a variety of experiments it was shown that when this system was used to support the execution of SPMD parallel applications the overall execution times were improved, especially when multiple and group based instantiation services are employed. The RHODOS PMS was also shown to greatly reduce the programming burden experienced by users when writing SPMD parallel applications by providing a small set of powerful primitives specially designed to support parallel processing. The system was also shown to be applicable and has been used in a variety of other research areas such as Distributed Shared Memory, Parallelising Compilers and assisting the port of PVM to the RHODOS system.
The RHODOS Parallelism Management System (PMS) provides a unique and creative solution to the problem of transparently and efficiently controlling the execution of SPMD parallel applications on COWs. Combining advanced services such as multiple and group based process creation and duplication; combined process allocation and dynamic load balancing; and complete COW wide transparency produces a totally new system that addresses many of the problems not addressed in other systems.
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Nicander, Josefine, and Henrik Rosenquist. "Hur långt får elever gå? : En kunskapsöversikt om strategier, tillvägagångsätt och dess konsekvenser för hantering av extremism i skolan." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för lärande och samhälle (LS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-39232.
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Kunskapsöversiktens syfte är att undersöka olika strategier och tillvägagångssätt utifrån forsk- ning om hur lärare kan bemöta extremistiska elever utan att samtidigt inskränka på deras åsiktsfrihet och yttrandefrihet. Metoden är grundad i en informationsinsamling utifrån databa- serna ERC, ERIC och SwePub. Källorna som använts kommer både från utlandet och från Sverige vilket bidrar till olika perspektiv samtidigt som vi ser hur det svenska sättet att tackla extremism influerats av internationell forskning. Även viktiga begrepp såsom extremism, Pre- vent Violent Extremism (PVE) och samtalskompassen har förtydligats. Där har det visats att särskilt extremism-begreppet kan vara tvetydigt utifrån sättet som de tre olika extremistmiljö- erna sammanställs i ett paraplybegrepp vilket kan kritiseras. Resultatet visar att det finns en konflikt mellan ett förebyggande arbete i form av informationsinsamling om elever i riskzoner och ett fritt diskussionsklimat där åsikter nöts mot varandra. Det visas på en omfattande kritik kring hur den brittiska PVE-planen hämmat lärarnas möjlighet att bemöta extremistiska elever genom den fria klassrumsdiskussionen. Resultatet tydliggör även hur stark elevers yttrandefri- het är i skolan vilket manifesteras i samtalskompassens misslyckade försök till etablering. Slut- satsen blir att PVE och samtalskompassen har goda ambitioner att stävja extremism. Vi ser dock att de i praktiken bidrog till tystade klassrum och en distans mellan lärare och elever. Istället har vi funnit att klassrumsdiskussioner där möjligt extremistiska samtal förekommer men bemöts och plockas isär kan vara till godo. Att ge elever verktyg i form av att kunna ställa åsikter mot varandra verkar kunna stävja extremism bättre än den säkerhetspolitiska linje som ses i PVE.
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Bloise, Nicola. "Investigação da possibilidade de correlação dos potenciais transcutâneos visuais evocados com o alcance do campo da vista humana." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-15122008-101842/.
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Este trabalho descreve o desenvolvimento de um instrumento automático para medida de campo visual do olho humano, baseado na ocorrência de potenciais visuais evocados O principal objetivo do estudo foi demonstrar que os potenciais visuais evocados (P100) observados na região occipital podem ser correlacionados à visão de flashes de fontes luminosas pontuais distribuídas sobre uma calota com a forma de um elipsóide deformado. Aplicou-se ao domo hemisférico uma distribuição de fontes luminosas pontuais que descrevem a forma do campo visual humano (limitado a 60º acima, 70º abaixo do eixo central, limitado a 60º no lado nasal e 105º no lado temporal de cada olho). A ausência de potenciais visuais evocados por flashes luminosos é utilizada como indicador de perda da sensitividade da retina. Detalhes do desenvolvimento deste instrumento e os resultados preliminares são apresentados.An instrument for automatic in vivo evaluation of the human visual field boundaries based on the evoked visual potentials was developed. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate that evoked potentials (P100) over the occipital area can be correlated to the vision of punctual light flashes from a deformed ellipsoid-shaped calotte. A punctual light sources distribution that follows the human visual field (boundaries lying 60º upward, 70º downward from the central axis, limited to 60º in the nasal side and 105º on the temple side of each eye) was applied to the hemispherical dome. The absences of light flashes evoked potentials are used as an indicator of lack the sensivity of the retina. The details of the development of this instrument and preliminary results for in vivo eyes are presented.
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Alrashidi, Malek. "Making the invisible visible in constructionist learning tasks : an explanation framework based on a Pedagogical Virtual Machine (PVM)." Thesis, University of Essex, 2017. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/20356/.
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In today’s digital world, the use of diverse interconnected physical computer based devices, typified by the Internet-of-Things, has increased, leaving their internal functionalities hidden from people. In education, these hidden computational processes leave learners with s vagueness that obscures how these physical devices function and communicate in order to produce the high-level behaviours and actions they observe. The current approach to revealing these hidden worlds involves the use of debugging tools, visualisation, simulation, or augmented-reality views. Even when such advanced technologies are utilised they fail to construct a meaningful view of the hidden worlds that relate to the learning context, leaving learners with formidable challenges to understand the operation of these deep technologies. In working towards a solution to this challenge, this thesis combines computing and pedagogical models in a novel way to improve learning and teaching of computer science. This framework (a combination of computational and pedagogical models) is the core contribution of my thesis and has been given the name a Pedagogical Virtual Machine or PVM). It aims to extract learning-related information from the underlying computers that make up the education focus by providing a layered analysis of the technical and pedagogical processes that interact together for any given learning activity (in the context of learning about embedded computing). It adopts an object-oriented perspective that deconstructs computation and learning into objects, while taking inspiration from the Java Virtual Machine ideas, thereby building on existing paradigms of 'learning objects', 'object oriented programming' and virtual machines. In this way it addresses the challenge of linking both computing and learning activities in a standardised way across a multiplicity of computing and learning environments. The use of augmented reality (AR), and its ability to reveal deep technologies, further improves the effectiveness of the PVM framework introduced above by superimposing data, in real-time, concerning the invisible computational processes being explored by the learners. Applications that learners and developers might use this PVM tool for are typified by topics such as the Internet of Things, pervasive computing and robotics. The study presented in this thesis is based on the latter, robotics. The learning effectiveness of an AR based PVM approach was evaluated in two educational experiments that concerned students learning to program a desk-based robot (which was used as an example of an embedded-computer). The two experiments were conducted with computer-science students from the University of Essex and differed in the level of complexity. The results showed that PVM with AR significantly improved the students’ learning achievement and performance than those who used traditional learning environments. In addition, the PVM with AR made a positive difference to students learning experience, supporting the use of PVM with AR in educational activities that involved dealing with abstract technologies.
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Descamps, Gilles-Eric. "Méthode de distribution hiérarchique d'outils de vérification de circuits intégrés VLSI sur un réseau de stations de travail : application à un vérificateur de règles de dessin." Paris 6, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA066808.
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Arendt, Fanny. "Securing the society - a woman's risk to take? : A field study on how women’s perception of safety is impacted by engaging in prevention of violent extremism." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-393927.
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This study explores how women’s perceptions of safety is impacted by participating in a program aimed at preventing violent extremism (PVE). The theoretical framework mainly draws on literature on women and conflict prevention, sacred values and human security studies. In combining theoretical arguments from these fields, I hypothesize that women’s perception of safety will be negatively impacted by participating in PVE-programs. That is because their participation will challenge sacred gender norms by taking up leadership roles in the community that usually belong to men. As a result, hostile reactions from community members will follow, i.e. from those whose sacred values are challenged, which in turn is expected to impact women’s perception of safety negatively. This thesis applies qualitative methods and to compare between two groups of women who participate in a PVE-program through different roles, and one group of non-PVE-participating women. Semi-structured interviews were held with two PVE-participating groups (female religious leaders and female economic leaders) as well as with non-PVE-participating women in Indonesia. The purpose of this case selection is twofold. First, to examine whether the PVE-participation in itself has an effect on women’s perceptions of safety. Second, to explore whether to explore whether certain roles that women take in a PVE-program challenge sacred gender norms more than others, and as such, leads to more negative perceptions of safety. The results indicate that PVE-participants challenge sacred norms, however, these norms do not always have a gendered underpinning, but are more religious in nature than anticipated. Contrary to my hypotheses, women’s perception of safety is not necessarily negatively impacted by participating in PVE-programs. The results rather indicate that women’s perception of safety can be both positively and negatively impacted by their participation, mainly depending on how their participation is understood by others. Additionally, PVE-participating women mainly challenge gender norms before they begin their participation, instead of during its active phase. As such, the results suggest that time aspects are important to fully understand women’s perception of safety.
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Luce, Alexandra Isabella. "British intelligence in the Portuguese world, 1939-1945 : operations against German Intelligence and relations with the Polícia de Vigilância e Defesa do Estado (PVDE)." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608984.
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Vitkus, Laimonas. "Registracija pridėtinės vertės mokesčio mokėtojais Lietuvoje: sąlygos ir kontrolės mechanizmas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20061213_123155-28398.
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This work analyzes the legal regulation of registering payers of the VAT, aiming to determine and solve problems, which arise for the payers of VAT when registering to become as such and for the State Tax Inspectorate when administering and controlling this process. Mostly the Lithuanian Republic Law on Value Added Tax and the EU Sixth Council Directive 77/388/EEC regulations are analyzed. By applying document analysis and other related methods, it was determined that registration as a VAT payer is actually the right of the persons, not the duty. However, the implementation of this right is burdened by ambiguous regulations in the law and its official commentary. Difficulties especially arise when identifying persons who could be registered as VAT payers. In addition, it was confirmed that many other aspects important to the registration as VAT payers, e.g. „economic activity“, „intention to do economic activity“, „random transaction“, lack definition, which may cause uncertainty for Lithuanian and foreign persons who are registering.
Prevention of fraud, where the actions of registration as VAT payers control are aimed at, greatly depends on the freedom of actions granted to the State Tax Inspectorate by the legal acts. Therefore, the author draws attention to the risk, which is related to the choice of the proper methods of control and implementation without violating the interests of the state and the taxpayers.
At the end of the thesis, together with conclusions, the... [to full text]
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Šopytė, Agnė. "Holdingo bendrovių apmokestinimas Europos Sąjungoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090908_194059-68217.
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Holdingo kompanijos yra sparčiai besivystančių ekonominių-teisinių santykių padarinys atliekantis vis svarbesnį vaidmenį ne tik ES, bet ir visame pasaulyje. Tiesioginių mokesčių reguliavimas paliktas ES valstybių narių kompetencijai, tačiau svarbiausi holdingo bendroves liečiantys apmokestinimo klausimai yra harmonizuoti ES mastu. Išleistos atskiros direktyvos reguliuojančios holdingo įkūrimui svarbias įmonių jungimo, skaidymo, turto perleidimo bei keitimosi akcijomis operacijas, taip pat atskira direktyva skirta sureguliuoti bendrai mokesčių sistemai taikomai patronuojančioms ir dukterinėms kompanijoms, sudaranti sąlygas dvigubo dividendų apmokestinimo išvengimui, ir trečioji svarbi direktyva harmonizuojanti palūkanų ir autorinių atlyginimų apmokestinimą ES. Pirmoji darbo dalis skirta visapusiškai holdingo sampratos analizei. Šis reiškinys tiriamas tiek bendrąja, tiek ekonomine, tiek teisine prasme. Atlikus analizę, daroma išvada, jog holdingo sąvoka yra sunkiai konkrečiai ir vienareikšmiškai apibrėžiama, todėl galima išskirti tik vieną esminį šių bendrovių bruožą – kitų bendrovių akcijų valdymas. Antrojoje darbo dalyje analizuojamos minėtosios svarbiausios ES direktyvos per jų įgyvendinimo Lietuvos Respublikos teisės aktuose prizmę. Šių direktyvų principai atskleisti per tai, kaip jie yra perkelti į konkrečias LR įstatymų nuostatas. Lietuva, kaip viena iš naujųjų ES narių, siekianti kuo tinkamiau perkelti direktyvų reikalavimus į nacionalinius teisės aktus, iš esmės tai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Being a result of the rapid development of economical and juridical relations holding companies play an increasing role in the EU as well as globally. Although the regulation of direct taxes is left for the competence of member countries, most important holding companies’ taxation - related questions are harmonized within the EU. There is a special directive regulating important mergers, acquisition, alienation of property and exchange of shares operations. Moreover, there is a special directive for regulation of the common taxation system applicable for parent and subsidiary companies, which helps to prevent double taxation of dividends, as well as directive which harmonizes taxation of interests and royalties in the EU. First part of the thesis is dedicated for the universal analysis of the conception of holding. It is therefore being examined in general, juridical and economic terms. The analysis made shows that the conception of holding is not yet definite, therefore it is relevant to estimate only one core lineament of holding companies, namely controlling the shares of other companies. The accomplished analysis in the second part of the thesis shows how main principles of the EU directives are transferred to the specific provisions of Lithuanian legal acts. Although Lithuania seeks to apply the directives properly, remarkable foreign investors’ discrimination nuances and other inaccuracies are still present. Third part of the thesis explores questions regarding the... [to full text]
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Berminge, Norberg Rosa. "En tvåriktad styrning? : En policyanalys av Migrationsverkets handlingsplan för jämställdhetsintegrering (2016 - 2018)." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175142.
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Topics concerning gender mainstreaming are highly debated throughout political sciences. Studies imply that gender mainstreaming is implemented in an era of New Public Management which, according to different sources, takes away from the politics of gender equality. Due to the nature of the NPM framework, efficiency and productivity reduce gender mainstreaming to a technicality, rather than actually questioning the underlying structures of gender inequalities. In light of NPMs shortcomings in this aspect, a growing number of studies examine the possibilities Public Value Management has to offer. This framework articulates public value as the most important aspect of public administration. This study performs a policy analysis of the Swedish Migration Agency and examine how the agency deals with gender mainstreaming in terms of implementing a NPM and/or PVM oriented approach. The analysis in this paper is based on Carol Bacchi’s theoretical framework “What’s the problem represented to be?”, which helps isolate causes of the agency's problems regarding gender mainstreaming. Results of the analysis show an unwillingness to conform solely to factors such as efficiency and productivity, but controversially, the agency also heavily relies on the principles of the NPM framework. Conclusions can be made that the structural architecture of the agency prevents a full adoption of the PVM framework.Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, Umeå Universitet
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Strankauskas, Arvydas. "Pridėtinės vertės mokesčio objektą reglamentuojančių teisės aktų nuostatų taikymo problemos." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2008. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20080125_131602-05297.
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PVM yra didžiausias ir svarbiausias nacionalinio biudžeto pajamų šaltinis, todėl valstybei ypač svarbu užtikrinti, kad aiškinant teisės aktus reglamentuojančius PVM, būtų daroma kuo mažiau klaidų. Siekiant atsakyti į klausimą, kokios priežastys lemia klaidas taikant PVM reglamentuojančius teisės aktus, šiame darbe iškeltos kelios hipotezės. Pirma, klaidų taikant PVM reglamentuojančius teisės aktus priežastys yra konkrečios netobulos, klaidinančios teisės aktų nuostatos. Antra, teisės aktų nuostatos, kurias taikant klystama akivaizdžių trūkumų neturi, klystama, nes dažnai yra neaiškus jų tikslas, pagrindinė idėja, dėl kurios jos buvo sukurtos. Siekiant patvirtinti ar paneigti šiuos spėjimus i���keltas darbo tikslas – nustatyti tas PVM objektą reglamentuojančių teisės aktų nuostatas, kurias taikant dažniausiai daromos klaidos, nustatyti klaidų tipus ir būdus, į ką reikėtų atkreipti dėmesį, siekiant išvengti klaidų. Šiam tikslui pasiekti iškelti uždaviniai - atlikti Europos Bendrijų Teisingumo teismo, Lietuvos Vyriausiojo administracinio teismo ir Mokestinių ginčų komisijos prie Lietuvos Respublikos Vyriausybės išnagrinėtų mokestinių ginčų sprendimų, kurie buvo priimti bylose dėl padarytų klaidų taikant PVM objektą reglamentuojančias teisės aktų nuostatas, analizę. Atlikus šių sprendimų analizę nustatyta, kad dažniausiai klystama taikant prekių tiekimo sampratoje įtvirtintas „prekių perdavimo“ ir „disponavimo prekėmis kaip savomis“ sąvokas, aiškinant vieną iš atlygio sąvokos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The VAT is the biggest and the most important resource of the National budgets. Therefore, every state must be sure that the Declaration of the Rights Tax Act regulatory preferably. There are also a few hypotheses. First, in the application of the regulatory acts Tax resulting error caused mostly not accurate in the classification of deception leading acts. Secondly, faulty application of classification of act has no obvious defects. The possible errors come only if the target and the idea of why this all has to be done, not just explained. This foreboding to vote or to deny them is the main objective, that is This VAT object regulates classification of the acts to determine their application for the most errors occur, the error and to clarify the possible ways out, in order to circumvent. To achieve this goal, the following tasks have been the work of the European Court of the European Community, the main administrative court in Lithuania and the Commission of disputes about tax to the government of Republic of Lithuania and decisions of the disputes about tax issues involved in the court proceedings at the declaration of the application of VAT object regulates classification of acts analyzed. In this summary we can clearly see that there are enough misapplications of VAT object regulatory classification of the acts occuring. Only partly succeeded determination of such categories of acts, where most mistakes happen to be determined. In almost all cases, if you pay tax at... [to full text]
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Zigmantaitė, Algita. "Netiesioginių mokesčių reglamentavimas Europos Sąjungoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20101124_204144-32418.
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Šiame darbe buvo analizuojami tam tikri netiesioginių mokesčių Europos Sąjungoje reglamentavimo aspektai – tiek pirmoje, tiek antroje darbo dalyje analizė buvo pradedama apžvelgiant kaip kito požiūris į tam tikrus reglamentavimo aspektus, kokių priemonių buvo imtasi, kitais žodžiais tariant, atrodė svarbu apžvelgti, kaip istoriškai kito požiūris į netiesioginių mokesčių reglamentavimą, be abejo, nepaliekant nuošalyje vieno iš svarbesnių aspektų – atsižvelgiant į bendruosius Bendrijos tikslus, peržvelgti, kaip buvo įgyvendintas (ar turėjo būti) siekis harmonizuoti reglamentavimą netiesioginių mokesčių srityje. Po harmonizavimo politikos istorinės apžvalgos buvo pereita prie konkrečių, šiuo metu galiojančių tiek pridėtinės vertės mokesčio, tiek akcizo reglamentavimo aspektų. Kaip vienu iš vertingų šaltinių buvo pasirinkta Europos Teisingumo Teismo praktika, kuri buvo vertinga iš esmės dėl dviejų pagrindinių priežasčių – remiantis Teismo praktika buvo galima išskirti tas sritis, kurių dabartinis reguliavimas vis dar išlieka problematiškas, be to, tose srityse, kur vis dar susiduriama su reglamentavimo neaiškumu ar dviprasmiškumu, pavyzdžiui, aiškinant tam tikras sąvokas, Teismo praktika buvo vertingas šaltinis stengiantis iššiaiškinti kokrečių normų prasmę. Galiausiai darbo išvadose buvo glaustai pateikti pagrindiniai probleminiai aspektai, kurie išryškėjo analizuojant tiek teisės aktus, tiek teismų praktiką bei užsienio teisės mokslininkų darbus – tokie kaip vis dar taikomi... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]The subject of this master thesis was the analysis of certain aspects, regarding indirect taxes regulation in the European Union. The first and the second part of this paper cover the changes in the attitude to certain regulations aspects, what sort of measures have been taken, in other words, it seemed important to show the historical development of this attitude, nevertheless pay consideration to the harmonization policy in the field of indirect taxation, the way it had been introduced and implemented (or should be) with regard to the Community’s aims. After the introduction, regarding harmonization policy, both parts deal with certain aspects of the regulation of value added tax and excises. The practice of European Court of Justice has been beneficial mainly because firstly, it helped to disclose those areas, in which the regulation remains problematic and secondly, where regulation is still deemed as inexplicit – it has stood as a valuable source trying to clarify the real meaning of certain regulation aspects. Finally, conclusions have been made with regard to the analysis of laws and practice of the European Court of Justice. These are zero rates, applicable to the Value Added Tax, which do not comply with the common system of the value added tax, excise rates, which Member States are free to determine according to the fixed minimum rates and in this way to distort the common market.
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Odminytė, Jolanta. "Netiesioginių mokesčių ekonominė analizė Lietuvoje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2009~D_20090909_084926-88780.
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Magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjami netiesioginiai mokesčiai. Teoriniu aspektu išanalizuota Lietuvos Respublikos mokesčių sistema, pridėtinės vertės, akcizo bei muito mokesčių esmė, tarifai, teisinis reglamentavimas, taip pat analizuotas ryšys tarp netiesioginio mokesčio pajamų ir elastingumo. Netiesioginiai mokesčiai yra pakankamai svarbūs, kadangi jie sudaro daugiau nei pusę visų valstybės biudžeto pajamų. Netiesioginių mokesčių surenkamas pajamas įtakoja įstatyminės bazės pasikeitimas, namų ūkių vartojimo išlaidų dydis, mokesčio objektų skaičiaus pasikeitimas, PVM mokėtojų skaičius, tarifų pasikeitimas, infliacija (defliacija) taip pat priklauso nuo analizuojamos prekės paklausos elastingumo. Netiesioginius mokesčius galima susieti su šešėline ekonomika. Pridėtinės vertės mokesčio grobstymo mastai yra pakankamai dideli ir kasmet jie didėja. Darbo empirinė dalis parodė, kad didinti akcizo tarifą tabako gaminiams neverta, nes įvertinus tabako gaminių paklausos elastingumą bei kontrabandos mastus, prieita išvados, kad akcizo mokesčio pajamų bus surinkta mažiau nei prieš tarifo didinimą.There is the analysis of indirect taxes of master’s paper. There is the analysis of Lithuanian tax system, value added tax (VAT), excise tax and customs tax purport, tariffs, juridical regulation by the theoretic aspect. Also there is the analysis between indirect tax revenues and elasticity theory. The indirect taxes are very important, because it‘s revenue a large proportion of the budget. It’s revenues depend on changes of tax law, terminal household expenses, on changes of objects number, VAT payers number, on changes of tariffs, inflation (deflation), also it depends on elasticity of analysed commodity. The indirect taxes are associate with the black/grey economy. It is embezzled by a large extent. The empirical paper part demonstrate, that to raise the excise tax tariffs it’s not worth the risk, because the revenues will be less to compare the situation before raise the tariffs.
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Forslund, Hanna. "Klivet in på den svenska arbetsmarknaden : En policyanalys av Etableringsprogrammet 2018." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-179891.
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A hot topic in politics as well as in the political sciences is the topic of labour market integration. For newcomers the challenge of entering into the labour market is a staggering one. This can be showcased by the vast statistical difference in labour participation between newcomers and citizens. Another interesting aspect regarding labour market integration is inthe way that it is being governed. Both the political sphere and academia have shown an inclination to question the validity regarding New Public Management. This has started adebate regarding other ways of governmentality that is more suitable for the public sector. One of these is Public Value Management which emphasizes the goal of public value. The aim of this study is to perform a policy analysis of a government proposition as well as a planof action from the Swedish Employment Service. This was done by examining the problem representations as well as what was being left unproblematic. It also identified what type of governmentality is applied in the documents. The results revealed three problem representations of cooperation, quality & efficiency and governance. Additionally the labour market participation of immigrants that were not newcomers were left out of both the proposition as well as the plan of action. Lastly the study found an inclination by the Swedish Employment Service to rely more on a type of governmentality that resembles the one of Public Value Management.
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Farshchi, Shahin, and Roy Rizk. "Prioritising Safe Trips Over Safe Policy Processes - A Pilot Study on the Appropriateness of the Participatory Value Evaluation Method for Encompassing (Feelings of) Safety (and Security) in Public Transport." Thesis, KTH, Systemanalys och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-278991.
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It is becoming more important that transport agendas acknowledge complex social sustainability matters like feelings of safety and security. For developing knowledge in this context today, participatory descriptive assessments hold a strong position. However, quantitative methods providing popular transport appraisals, have a clearer impact focus, but struggle with encompassing social sustainability matters. Filling the methodological gap that exists between the participatory descriptive tradition and the quantitative impact tradition, can be vital in moving methods closer to public and policy demands and norms. This work uses independent interdisciplinary collaboration and assesses the appropriateness of the Participatory Value Evaluation (PVE) method for encompassing feelings of safety and security in public transport in the context of Stockholm, Sweden. The PVE method evaluates projects through participation and quantifies results without relying monetary valuation, while allowing for norms to be detected. By using in depth descriptive information as PVE input, this study aims to provide a methodological contribution by analysing the PVE method in a new complex setting with modifications made. Descriptive results from the PVE method is regarded to still advance knowledge on feelings of safety and security, while improving the impact focus of appraisals by evaluating projects. The method can benefit from a focus on transparency, attractive participation and quality in results and the amendment here called ‘re-categorisation’ was found necessary for PVE appraisals. Incentives to keep flawed processes can be found in political and policy realms and with no actor controlling the intersectoral (and interdisciplinary) issue of feelings of safety and security, traditions can have a strong impact. However, this study shows feasibility in improving appraisals given the contemporary public and policy standards.
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Poorkiany, Morteza. "Enabling traceability of design rationale using the concept of product family description (PFD)." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Maskinteknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-16421.
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This thesis work is based on the previous researches in design automation at Sandvik Coromant. The concept of product family description (PFD) has been introduced to the company to improve documentation of knowledge in engineering design process. Current documentation at the company for engineering design covers mostly the design definition part of the knowledge. PFD is constituted by design definition and completed by design rationale. This kind of documentation improves reusing, revising and expanding the knowledge at the company. On the other side, PFD is an input for design programming and a good engineering design description for a product provides more efficiency in design programming. The project is started by a survey for several principles and applications for knowledge modelling. Product variant master (PVM) and Semantic MediaWiki are selected by the results of the survey. To show the concept of PVM, modelling of a test product is done in product model manager (PMM) software. The main part of the project is setting up product family description (PFD) by capturing design rationale for the test product, implementing in Semantic MediaWiki. Since the design rationale is not documented, it was recorded during several meetings with the designer of the test product. The description is completed by including the argumentations about the rules, figures, dimensions and etc. Also in the project has been tried to improve and revise the description to make it more simple and efficient. Another objective of the project is to show Semantic MediaWiki as a candidate application for modelling knowledge at the company. In this step the applicability and functionality of both PFD and Semantic MediaWiki is seen. In the next stage the project findings and company documentation are evaluated. In this step has been tried to show the pros and cons of the project. The emphasis of the evaluation is on PFD and the alternative application. In the end a conclusion of the whole methods and findings of the project comes with discussion with people who were involved in this work.
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Ondoa, Olivier Jean-Pie. "Etude et évaluation de réseaux ATM pour l'interconnexion dans des systèmes multiprocesseurs." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004957.
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Liu, Ting. "METHODS DEVELOPMENT IN QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE PROTEOMICS." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/838.
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Proteomics based on liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry has developed rapidly in the last decade and become a powerful tool for protein mixtures analysis. LC-MS based proteomics involves four steps, sample preparation, liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. Improvements in each step have extended its applications to new biological research areas. This dissertation mainly focuses on method developments in both qualitative and quantitative proteomics.
The first part of this dissertation focuses on qualitative analysis of T. gondii Parasitophorous Vacuole Membrane (PVM) proteins, which is very important for T. gondii’s survival. The hypothesis of this study is that proteomic approaches coupled with immunoprecipitation using polyclonal antisera as affinity reagents can successfully characterize the proteome of the T. gondii PVM. The “Three-layer Sandwich Gel Electrophoresis” (TSGE) protocol, was developed to contend with efficient salt removal and protein concentration from challenging samples. Furthermore, the TSGE coupled to 2D-LC-MS/MS was proven to be effective with the proteomic analysis of complex protein mixtures like T. gondii whole cell lysate, allowing for high-throughput protein analysis from complex samples. By using the TSGE-2D-LC-MS/MS methodology, we successfully identified 61 proteins from the PVM samples and constructed the PVM proteome.
The second part of this dissertation describes a novel method for selecting an appropriate isocyanate reagent for potential quantitative proteomics application. Our hypothesis is alteration of isocyanate structure will change fragmentation pattern and ESI property of isocyanate modified peptides. The CID property of N-terminal modified peptides by phenyl isocyanate (PIC), phenethyl isocyanate (PEIC) and pyridine-3- isocyanate (PyIC) was systematically studied using LC-ESI-MS/MS. We observed that adjustment of isocyanate structure changed both ESI and fragmentation characteristic of modified peptides. We rationalized the decrease of protonation of PIC and PEIC modified peptides results from the neutral property of the both reagents. The electron withdrawing feature of PyIC leads to significant reduction of fragments during CID. Therefore, we designed a new isocyanate reagent, 3-(isocyanatomethyl) pyridine (PyMIC). The results revealed that PyMIC modified peptides had more suitable ESI properties and generated more sequence-useful fragments compared to PIC, PyIC and even unmodified peptides. PyMIC is a more appropriate labeling reagent for quantitative proteomics applications.
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Fassinut-Mombot, Bienvenu. "Contribution à la fusion d'information par une approche entropique : algorithme et architecture dans un contexte de perception multi-sources." Littoral, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DUNK0074.
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Le travail présenté dans ce mémoire concerne l'étude et la mise en œuvre d'un algorithme et son architecture distribuée pour la fusion d'informations multi-sources. L'algorithme d'Agrégation Adaptative Entropique (A2E) développé, repose sur l'utilisation de critères entropiques pour combiner l'ensemble des informations et pour décider sur le comportement éventuel du système de perception. Le Modèle de Fusion Entropique (MFE) vise à réduire l'espace de combinaison du système de perception en exploitant explicitement la dualité redondance-complémentarité des sources d'information. Un exemple applicatif est donné pour valider les performances du Modèle de Fusion Entropique. Nous montrons à travers une implantation parallèle ou distribuée de l'algorithme A2E sur une grappe de stations fonctionnant en mode MIMD-NORMA avec une communication par passage de messages, que l'utilisation de l'environnement SynDEx pour l'écriture et l'implantation du code exécutable permet d'obtenir d'excellentes performances par rapport à PVM. Cependant, bien que la progression des performances de SynDEx soit linéaire, le surcoût introduit par les primitives de communication de PVM diminue fortement avec l'augmentation de la taille des messagesThe aim of this thesis is the study and the implementation of an algorithm and its distributed architecture for multi-source information fusion. The Entropy Adaptative Aggregation (EA2) algorithm developed, is based on the use of entropy criteria to combine the set of information and to decide on the possible behavior of the perception system. The aim of Entropy Fusion Model (EFM) is to reduce the combination space of the perception system using an explicit representation of the redundancy-complementarity duality of the information sources. An applicative example is given to validate the performance of Entropy Fusion Model. We show with the implementation of the EA2 algorithm on a cluster of hosts running in mode MIMD-NORMA and communicating by message passing, that the use of SynDEx for writing and implementing of the executable code provides high performance computing compared to PVM. However, although the progression of the SynDEx performances is linear, the overhead introduced by the PVM libraries communication strongly decreases with the increase of message size
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Hecht, Leonie-Sophie [Verfasser], and Tim-Wolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Gilberger. "Biogenesis of the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) and regulation of its major component, the early transcribed membrane proteins (ETRAMPs) of Plasmodium falciparum (Welch, 1897) blood stages / Leonie-Sophie Hecht. Betreuer: Tim-Wolf Gilberger." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1084213079/34.
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Hecht, Leonie-Sophie Verfasser], and Tim-Wolf [Akademischer Betreuer] [Gilberger. "Biogenesis of the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) and regulation of its major component, the early transcribed membrane proteins (ETRAMPs) of Plasmodium falciparum (Welch, 1897) blood stages / Leonie-Sophie Hecht. Betreuer: Tim-Wolf Gilberger." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-77291.
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Zhang, Hua. "VCLUSTER: A PORTABLE VIRTUAL COMPUTING LIBRARY FOR CLUSTER COMPUTING." Doctoral diss., Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/CFE0002339.
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BATISTA, Antonio de Pádua Araújo. "Uma experiência de ensino coletivo de violino no Projeto Vale Música em Belém do Pará." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7816.
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A metodologia do ensino coletivo de instrumentos musicais tem ganho um significativo espaço dentro do contexto da Educação Musical no Brasil. No Estado do Pará, essa prática vem desde o final da década de 1970, com a implantação do Projeto Espiral no Instituto Estadual Carlos Gomes. Atualmente, essas iniciativas têm ocorrido mais frequentemente através de instituições do terceiro setor da sociedade civil, como as fundações, dentre as quais destacamos a Fundação Amazônica de Música e a Fundação Vale, responsáveis pela implantação do Projeto Vale Música (PVM), objeto desta pesquisa, que tem como objetivo investigar como é desenvolvido o ensino coletivo de violino no PVM/PA. Este ensino, desenvolvido em várias etapas, vem a oportunizar aos seus integrantes a aquisição de várias habilidades, dentre as quais se destaca e execução instrumental na recém criada Orquestra Jovem Vale Música (OJVM), a qual fez seu recital de estréia em dezembro de 2009. O projeto atende um alunado formado por crianças oriundas de famílias de baixa renda, que integram a rede pública de ensino da Grande Belém. O nível musical alcançado pelos alunos do projeto nestes seis anos de existência foi o principal aspecto motivador desta pesquisa. Para entendermos os aspectos que têm contribuído para o alcance deste nível de musicalidade dentro do projeto, procuramos identificar o perfil sócio cultural dos agentes envolvidos no processo de ensino coletivo do violino – alunos, professores, pais e/ou responsáveis -, bem como identificar outros aspectos como objetivos, conteúdos e atividades desenvolvidas, repertório, procedimentos metodológicos, espaço físico e carga horária empregados no projeto. Nesta pesquisa, foi utilizado o método descritivo, tendo como suporte a pesquisa bibliográfica, entrevistas e análise documental. O resultado esperado é uma compreensão do que é o Projeto Vale Música, desenvolvido no Estado do Pará, e do modelo utilizado no desenvolvimento do ensino coletivo de violino no mesmo.
The methodology of collective teaching of musical instruments has gained a significant place within the context of Music Education in Brazil. In state of Para this practice has since the late 1970s, with the Spiral Project implementation at the State Institute Carlos Gomes. Currently, these initiatives have occurred more often through institutions of the third civil society sector, such as foundations, within their highlight the Foundation of Music Amazon and Vale Foundation, responsible for the implementation of the Project Vale Music, object of this research that purpose investigate how is developed to the collective teaching of violin at PVM / PA. This teaching, developed in various steps, has been creating opportunity for its members to acquisition various abilities, within their highlight the instrumental performance in the newly formed Youth Orchestra Vale Music (YOVM), which made her recital debut in December 2009. The project serves a student composed for children from low income families, which integrate the public schools of Greater Belem. The musical level has achieved by students this project for six years of existence was the main motivating aspect this research. To understand the aspects that have contributed to the achievement of this level of musicianship within the project, seek to identify the socio and cultural agents involved in the process collective teaching the violin - students, teachers, parents and / or guardians -, also identify other aspects as objectives, contents and activities, repertoire, methods, physical space and the time used in the project. This research used the descriptive method, with the support literature research, interviews and document analysis. The expected result is an understanding of what is Project Vale Music, developed in the State of Para, and the model used in the development of collective teaching violin in it.