To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: PVP.
Journal articles on the topic 'PVP'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'PVP.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Li, Wei, Haiyan Ou, Lianghua Zhang, Congcong Zhang, Wei Chen, and Hao Wang. "Meta-Analysis of PKP or PVP Combined with Acupuncture in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures." Contrast Media & Molecular Imaging 2022 (August 13, 2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9721702.
Full textAbstract:
The efficacy of acupuncture combined with percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) or percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is systematically evaluated. The clinical trials of acupuncture combined with PKP or PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture published before July 2021 are searched in databases of CNKI, WF, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase. The information of included studies is extracted, and the quality is assessed by two independent researchers. The meta-analysis is performed by using RevMan 5.3 software. A total of 9 trials are included, involving 851 patients. The experimental results show that the therapeutic effect of acupuncture combined with PKP/PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) is superior to that of PKP/PVP alone, and both the VAS score and ODI score of PKP/PVP combined with ordinary acupuncture or silver needle acupuncture are better than those of the control group one month after the operation. The effect of ordinary acupuncture combined with PKP/PVP on the increase of bone mineral density is better than that of the control group. Acupuncture combined with PKP/PVP in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture has better efficacy than PKP/PVP, and it can effectively relieve patients’ pain, improve bone density, and improve the quality of life.
2
Cheng, Yonghong, and Yiming Liu. "Percutaneous curved vertebroplasty in the treatment of thoracolumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures." Journal of International Medical Research 47, no. 6 (April 21, 2019): 2424–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060519836917.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous curved vertebroplasty (PCVP) in treating thoracic and lumbar osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Methods Patients with thoracolumbar OVCFs were recruited and randomly divided into three treatment groups: PCVP, unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) or bilateral PVP. Bone cement dispersion in the fractured vertebrae was observed. Surgery duration, X-ray frequency, bone cement injection volume, bone cement leakage rate and visual analogue scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Results Among 78 patients included, surgery duration and X-ray frequency were significantly lower in the PCVP and unilateral PVP groups versus bilateral PVP group. Bone cement injection volume was significantly higher in the bilateral PVP group (6.3 ± 1.4 ml) versus unilateral PVP (3.5 ± 1.1 ml) and PCVP groups (4.6 ± 1.2 ml). VAS scores at 24 h and 3 months post-surgery were significantly decreased versus baseline in all groups. The bone cement leakage rate was lowest in the PCVP group (8.8% [3/34 patients]). Conclusion PCVP is associated with reduced trauma, less complicated surgery with shorter duration, fewer X-rays, lower complication rate, and quicker postoperative recovery versus unilateral and bilateral PVP.
3
Carlier, Jeremy, Xingxing Diao, Raffaele Giorgetti, Francesco P. Busardò, and Marilyn A. Huestis. "Pyrrolidinyl Synthetic Cathinones α-PHP and 4F-α-PVP Metabolite Profiling Using Human Hepatocyte Incubations." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 230. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22010230.
Full textAbstract:
For more than ten years, new synthetic cathinones (SCs) mimicking the effects of controlled cocaine-like stimulants have flooded the illegal drug market, causing numerous intoxications and fatalities. There are often no data on the pharmacokinetics of these substances when they first emerge onto the market. However, the detection of SC metabolites is often critical in order to prove consumption in clinical and forensic settings. In this research, the metabolite profile of two pyrrolidinyl SCs, α-pyrrolidinohexaphenone (α-PHP) and 4′′-fluoro-α-pyrrolidinovalerophenone (4F-α-PVP), were characterized to identify optimal intake markers. Experiments were conducted using pooled human hepatocyte incubations followed by liquid chromatography–high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry and data-mining software. We suggest α-PHP dihydroxy-pyrrolidinyl, α-PHP hexanol, α-PHP 2′-keto-pyrrolidinyl-hexanol, and α-PHP 2′-keto-pyrrolidinyl as markers of α-PHP use, and 4F-α-PVP dihydroxy-pyrrolidinyl, 4F-α-PVP hexanol, 4F-α-PVP 2′-keto-pyrrolidinyl-hexanol, and 4F-α-PVP 2′-keto-pyrrolidinyl as markers of 4F-α-PVP use. These results represent the first data available on 4F-α-PVP metabolism. The metabolic fate of α-PHP was previously studied using human liver microsomes and urine samples from α-PHP users. We identified an additional major metabolite (α-PHP dihydroxy-pyrrolidinyl) that might be crucial for documenting exposure to α-PHP. Further experiments with suitable analytical standards, which are yet to be synthesized, and authentic specimens should be conducted to confirm these results.
4
Han, Peng-Fei, Cheng-Long Chen, Tao-Yu Chen, Zhi-Liang Zhang, Xiao-Dong Li, Peng-Cui Li, and Xiao-Chun Wei. "Percutaneous vertebroplasty versus percutaneous kyphoplasty for the treatment of delayed post-traumatic vertebral body collapse (Kümmell’s disease) in Chinese patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis." Frontiers of Nursing 6, no. 4 (December 31, 2019): 273–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fon-2019-0045.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objective To compare the clinical efficacy between percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease in Chinese patients. Methods The studies using randomized controlled trials to compare clinical efficacy between PVP and PKP in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease in Chinese patients were retrieved from Embase, Pubmed, Central, Cinahl, PQDT, CNKI, CQVIP, Wanfang Data, and CBM (from September 2008 to September 2018). Keywords for both Chinese and English search were: percutaneous vertebroplasty, PVP, percutaneous kyphoplasty, PKP, and Kümmell’s disease. A total of 132 articles were retrieved based on the search strategy through online database searching and manual searching. Finally, one foreign report and seven Chinese reports were included. After extracting the data, statistical software Review Manager 5.3 was used for data analysis. Results Through comparison, Cobb angle (95% CI [0.54, 4.42), P = 0.01] and Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI) (95% CI [0.21, 2.15], P= 0.02) of PKP group was smaller than that of PVP group. Postoperative anterior vertebral body height of the PKP group was better than PVP group (95% CI [−1.27, −0.66], P < 0.001]. However, the PVP group had shorter operation time than PKP group (95% CI [−13.48, −7.43), P = 0.001]. In the other outcome measures, including Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score (95% CI [−0.04, 0.27), P = 0.15), cement volume (95% CI [−0.82, 0.32], P = 0.39) and cement leakage (95% CI [0.90, 2.76], P = 0.11), there was no significant differences between the two procedures. Conclusions At this stage, there is sufficient evidence to support that PKP is better than PVP in the treatment of Kümmell’s disease in Chinese patients. Although PVP surgery requires much less operation time, PKP has better postoperative radiological results and lower ODI. Moreover, both of them had similar clinical results (e.g., analgesic effects, cement dosage, and leakage rate). Further evidence is dependent on the emergence of randomized controlled trials with higher quality and larger sample sizes in the future.
5
Wen, Xiaoming, Yan Zhang, Wei Jiang, Wenbo An, Binggang Zhang, and Jianjun Liu. "Clinical Evaluation of Unilateral Vertebroplasty for OVCF." Emergency Medicine International 2022 (September 30, 2022): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2037185.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. To investigate the clinical evaluation of unilateral vertebroplasty for OVCF. Methods. A retrospective analysis was performed on 60 patients treated with PVP from January 2020 to December 2021. Patients were divided into two groups according to the treatment method, 30 patients in the PVP group received PVP and 30 patients in the PCVP group received PCVP. The VAS score, ODI score, bone cement dosage, and leakage were compared between the two groups preoperatively, immediately postoperatively, and 7 and 30 days postoperatively. Results. VAS scores in the PCVP and PVP groups before, immediately after, and 7 days after surgery were P > 0.05 , and the difference was not statistically significant; ODI score in group 1 before surgery was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ); bone cement injection volume in the PVP group was significantly higher than that in the PCVP group ( P < 0.05 ), and the difference was statistically significant; the difference in bone cement leakage between the two groups was not statistically significant ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Under the same puncture conditions, the PCVP group used the method of injection while retreating to achieve a better bone cement dispersion effect by using less bone cement and achieving uniform dispersion of bone cement. It can relieve the patients’ back pain and improve the back function.
6
Vítor, Joana, Joana Moniz Dionísio, Catarina Campos, Miguel Oliveira Santos, Simão Cruz, Juliana Castelo, José Castro, et al. "The Incidence of Guillain-Barré Syndrome during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Portuguese Multicentric Retrospective Study." Sinapse 23, no. 4 (January 22, 2024): 182–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46531/sinapse/ao/230055/2023.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare peripheral nervous system inflammatory disease with an annual estimated incidence of 1-2/100 000. Several studies relate GBS with vaccination, especially against influenza. The literature is discordant on GBS incidence during the pandemic. Additionally, while vaccination is globally ongoing, GBS cases have been associated with an inoculation against SARS-CoV-2.
Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 vaccination-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome cases and to establish their real incidence.
Methods: Multicenter retrospective study with analysis of the GBS incidence and clinical characteristics in the pre-pandemic period (PPP), the pandemic pre-vaccination period (PPVP), and the pandemic vaccination period (PVP).
Results: Forty-seven cases of GBS were identified: 13 in the PPP, 11 in the PPVP and 23 in the PVP. An increase in GBS cases (77%) was observed during the PVP when compared to the PPP, but it was not statistically significant (p = 0.10). Although an increase of the non-AIDP phenotype after vaccination period was observed (34.7%),
a statistically significant relationship was not found.
Conclusion: This study is the first Portuguese multicentric study regarding the incidence of GBS and SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination. We hypothesize that the slight decrease in GBS during the pandemic pre-vaccination period is probably due to hygienic measures implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic. Moreover, we found a small increase in the number of GBS cases with a possible relationship with COVID-19 vaccination. Prospective studies are necessary to better characterize this relationship and take further conclusions.
7
Parashar, Pratima. "Synthesis of Silver Nanocomposite with Poly(vinylpyrollidone) and Poly(4-vinylpyridine) for Antimicrobial Activity." Advanced Materials Research 772 (September 2013): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.772.9.
Full textAbstract:
Dispersing silver nanoparticles homogeneously into a polymer matrix byex situmethods is difficult because of the easy agglomeration of nanoparticles. Therefore, convenient and effective ways of preparing Ag nanoparticles in polymer materials are still in strong demand. Vacuum deposited thin discontinuous silver films on the composite of Poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly (4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP) is an in situ and eco friendly method. Films on softened PVP give rise to a very high room temperature resistance approaching that of the substrate resistance indicating non uniform formation of silver clusters. On the other hand, films on softened P4VP gives rise to a room temperature resistance in the range of a few tens to a few hundred MW/, which is desirable for device applications due adequate size and uniform dispersal of silver clusters in P4VP. Silver films on PVP/P4VP blend show room temperature resistances in the desirable range indicating uniform subsurface formation of silver films on PVP/P4VP. The Electrical, optical and plasmonic response of Ag NP onto thin layers of PVP/P4VP shows encapsulation of nanoparticles. Silver nanocomposite film exhibits characteristic UV absorbance spectrum at a wavelength of 430 nm, due to the surface plasmon resonance of nanosized silver. Silver ions being bioactive killed bacteria on infected wounds on living tissue and led physician to use wound dressing containing silver sulfadiazine and Ag NP to treat external infections. Silver lining food helps in treating various remedies and ailments.
8
Hackbarth, Christoph B., Thomas J. Vogl, Nagy Naguib, Moritz H. Albrecht, and Philipp L. von Knebel-Doeberitz. "Long-term evaluation of pain reduction after vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty." Acta Radiologica Open 10, no. 7 (July 2021): 205846012110289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20584601211028994.
Full textAbstract:
Background Various studies have been made about the most effective and safest type of treatment for vertebral compression fractures (VCFs). Long-term results are needed for qualitative evaluation. Purpose The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) procedures for VCFs. Materials and Methods Forty-nine patients who received either PVP or PKP between 2002 and 2015 returned a specially developed questionnaire and were included in a cross-sectional outcome analysis. The questionnaire assessed pain development by use of a visual analog scale (VAS). Imaging data (CT scans) were retrospectively analyzed for identification of cement leakage. Results Patients’ VAS scores significantly decreased after treatment (7.0 ± 3.4 => 3.7 ± 3.4), ( p < 0.001). The average pain reduction in patients treated with PVP was −3.3 ± 3.8 ( p < 0.001) (median −3.5) and −4.0 ± 3.9 ( p < 0.001) (median −4.5) in patients treated with PKP. Fifteen Patients (41.7%) receiving PVP and four patients (30.7%) receiving PKP experienced recurrence of pain. Cement leakage occurred in 10 patients (22.73%). Patients with cement leakage showed comparable VAS scores after treatment (6.8 ± 3.5 => 1.4 ± 1.6), ( p = 0.008). Thirty-nine patients reported an increase in mobility (79.6%) and 41 patients an improvement in quality of life (83.7%). Conclusion Pain reduction by means of PVP or PKP in patients with VCFs was discernible over the period of observation. Percutaneous vertebroplasty and PKP contribute to the desired treatment results. However, the level of low pain may not remain constant.
9
Zheng, Zhaomin. "Comparison of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty and Balloon Kyphoplasty for the Treatment of Single Level Vertebral Compression Fractures: A Meta-analysis of the Literature." May 2015 3;18, no. 3;5 (May 14, 2015): 209–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36076/ppj/2015.18.209.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (PKP) can increase bone strength as well as alleviate the pain caused by vertebral compression fractures (VCFs), and both procedures rely on polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) cement injected into the fractured vertebra for mechanical stabilization of the VCFs. However, there is debate over which of these 2 surgical procedures can give better short-term and long-term outcomes. A lot of studies and meta-analysis were designed to assess the advantages and drawbacks of PKP and PVP in the treatment of VCFs, but most of them didn’t consider the effect of VCF levels on the treatment outcome, which can influence the results. Objective: To assess the safety and efficacy of PKP compared to PVP in the treatment of single level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCF). Study Design: Studies with the following criteria were included: patients with VCFs due to osteoporosis; PKP comparing PVP; study design, RCT or prospective or retrospective comparative studies. Furthermore, the studies which reported at least one of the following outcomes: subjective pain perception, quality of life evaluation, incidence of new adjacent vertebral fracture, bone cement leakage, and post-operative kyphotic angle. Articles were excluded in our meta-analysis if they had a neoplastic etiology (i.e., metastasis or myeloma), infection, neural compression, traumatic fracture, neurological deficit, spinal stenosis, severe degenerative diseases of the spine, previous surgery at the involved vertebral body, and PKP or PVP with other invasive or semi-invasive intervention treatment. Setting: University hospital. Methods: A systematic search of all articles published through May 2014 was performed by Medline, EMASE, OVID, and other databases. All the articles that compared PKP with PVP on single level OVCF were identified. The evidence quality levels of the selected articles were evaluated by Grade system. Data about the clinical outcomes and complications were extracted and analyzed. Results: Eight studies, encompassing 845 patients, met the inclusion criteria. Overall, the results indicated that there were significant differences between the 2 groups in the short-term visual analog scale (VAS) scores, the long-term Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), short- and long-term kyphosis angle, the kyphosis angle improvement, the injected cement, and the cement leakage rates. However, there were no significant differences in the long-term VAS scores, the short-term ODI scores, the short- and long-term SF-36 scores, or the adjacent-level fracture rates. Limitations: Statistical efficacy can be improved by more studies, low evidence based non-RCT articles are likely to induce various types of bias, no accurate definition of short-term and long-term outcome time points. Conclusion: PKP and PVP are both safe and effective surgical procedures in treating OVCF. PKP has a similar long-term pain relief, function outcome (short-term ODI scores, short-and long-term SF-36 scores), and new adjacent VCFs in comparison to PVP. PKP is superior to PVP for the injected cement volume, the short-term pain relief, the improvement of short- and long-term kyphotic angle, and lower cement leakage rate. However, PKP has a longer operation time and higher material cost than PVP. To confirm this evaluation, a large multi-center randomized controlled trial (RCT) should be conducted. Key words: Percutaneous, kyphoplasty, vertebroplasty, osteoporosis vertebral compression fracture, pain, meta-analysis Pain Physician 201
10
Steffen, Luciane M., Maristela B. Moschetti, Nédio Steffen, and Eliana M. Hanayama. "Paralisia unilateral de prega vocal: associação e correlação entre tempos máximos de fonação, posição e ângulo de afastamento." Revista Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia 70, no. 4 (August 2004): 450–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0034-72992004000400003.
Full textAbstract:
A paralisia de prega vocal (PPV) decorre da lesão do nervo vago ou de seus ramos, podendo levar a alterações das funções que requerem o fechamento glótico. O tempo máximo de fonação (TMF) é um teste aplicado rotineiramente em pacientes disfônicospara avaliar a eficiência glótica e freqüentemente utilizado em casos de PPV, cujos valores encontram-se diminuídos. A classificação clínica clássica da posição da prega vocal paralisada em mediana, para-mediana, intermediária e em abdução ou cadavérica tem sido objeto de controvérsias. OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação e correlação entre os TMF e posição da prega vocal paralisada (PVP), TMF e ângulo de afastamento da PVP, medir o ângulo de afastamento da linha média das diferentes posições da PVP e correlacioná-lo com a sua classificação clínica FORMA DE ESTUDO: Clínico retrospectivo. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Foram revisados os prontuários e analisados os exames videoendoscópicos de 86 indivíduos com paralisia de prega vocal unilateral e medido o ângulo de afastamento da PVP por meio de um programa computadorizado. RESULTADOS: A associação e correlação entre os TMF em cada posição assumida pela PVP têm significância estatística somente para /z/ na posição mediana. A associação e correlação entre TMF com ângulo de afastamento da PVP guardam relação para /i/, /u/. Ao associar e correlacionar medidas de ângulo com posição observa-se significância estatística em posição de abdução. CONCLUSÕES: Neste estudo não foi possível determinar as posições assumidas pela PVP por meio dos TMF nem correlacioná-las com medidas do ângulo.
11
Hossain, Md, Bin Ning, and Md Reyad-ul-Ferdous. "Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty and Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporosis-Induced Vertebral Compression Fracture." Journal of Surgery 12, no. 2 (April 17, 2024): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.js.20241202.15.
Full textAbstract:
Percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and Percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) have become very effective to treating the Osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) and patients can get immediate relief from the pain and it can improve the motor functions of patient’s health status and widely used in clinical practice. Vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty are minimally invasive procedures for the treatment of painful vertebral compression fractures (VCF), which are fractures involving the vertebral bodies that make up the spinal column. Vertebroplasty are most often used to treat an injury called a compression fracture. This kind of injuries are most often caused by osteoporosis, which is the reason of bone weakness and osteoporosis are most common in older people. This study aimed to examine the osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) of Jinan, Shandong province, China, between male and female participants who were over 50 years of age. There are very few pertinent data regarding the relative or absolute contraindication of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) for severe osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). The purpose of this research was to assess and contrast the effectiveness of traditional kyphoplasty and vertebroplasty using high-viscosity cement in the treatment of severe OVCFs. In aged people, osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) are prevalent and can result in significant osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures. Treatment options for individuals with these types of fractures include conservative measures, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). We compared the clinical effectiveness of PVP and PKP in treating osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures in this investigation. Therefore, we conducted a comparative study on Osteoporosis vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) patients who received either PVP or PKP treatment in our hospitals from January 2020 to December 2020 to investigate the clinical efficacy, advantages and disadvantages of the surgical methods, and to provide a reference for clinical selection of treatment methods.
12
Sun, Yan, Haoning Ma, Feng Yang, Xiangsheng Tang, Ping Yi, and Mingsheng Tan. "Clinical Efficacy and Safety of Zoledronic Acid Combined with PVP/PKP in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fracture: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." BioMed Research International 2021 (April 8, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6650358.
Full textAbstract:
Objective. We conducted this meta-analysis to provide better evidence of the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid (ZA) combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty/kyphoplasty (PVP/PKP) on osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) and proposed a protocol for its application in clinical practice. Methods. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of ZA combined with PVP or PKP compared to individual PVP/PKP for the management of patients with OVCFs were included in this study. Electronic database searches were conducted from database inception to November 2020, including the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. The pooled data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software. Results. Seven RCTs with 929 subjects were finally included. All included studies reported visual analog scores (VAS), and no statistically significant differences were identified at follow-ups of 3 d and 1 w ( P > 0.05 ). In contrast, significant differences were observed at the 1 mo, 3 mo, 6 mo, and 12 mo follow-ups ( P < 0.05 ). Two trials reported the Cobb angle and vertebral body height (VBH), including 182 subjects without significant differences at the 12 mo follow-up ( P > 0.05 ). In addition, significant differences in the bone mineral density (BMD), β-isomerized C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX), N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), and N-terminal molecular fragment (N-MID) levels were observed between the two groups ( P < 0.05 ). All trials reported side effects. Significant differences in recurrent fractures, fever, flu-like symptoms, and arthralgia or myalgia were identified ( P < 0.05 ); however, no significant difference in postoperative leakage was detected ( P > 0.05 ). Conclusion. Compared to PVP/PKP alone, an additional ZA injection had advantages of long-term analgesic effects with improved bone metabolism indexes. Moreover, combination therapy significantly prevented complications and drug reactions were well tolerated. Overall, this systematic review revealed that ZA combined with PVP/PKP was an effective, safe, and comprehensive therapy for patients with OVCFs.
13
Shang, Qisong, Yuqing Jiang, Wenhui Sheng, Pengyuan Han, Junru Zheng, Xing Wang, and Bing Wu. "Biomechanical Analysis of Different Internal Fixation Combined with Different Bone Grafting for Unstable Thoracolumbar Fractures in the Elderly." BioMed Research International 2022 (April 25, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2863379.
Full textAbstract:
This research was developed to accurately evaluate the unstable fractures of thoracolumbar before and after surgery and discuss the treatment timing and methods. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element method was adopted to construct the T12-L5 segment model of human body. The efficiency of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), two commonly used internal fixation procedures, was retrospectively compared. A total of 150 patients with chest fracture who received PKP or PVP surgery in our hospital, and 104 patients with the same symptoms who received conservative treatment were collected and randomly rolled into PVP group (75 cases), PKP group (75 cases), and control group (104 cases). Visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of patients were collected before and after surgery and 2, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Then, the anterior and central height of the patient’s cone and the kyphosis angle were calculated by X-ray. Lumbar minimally invasive fusion system and lumbar pedicle screw rod system were established by computer-aided design (CAD), and the biomechanical characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that there was no substantial difference in VAS score and ODI score between PKP and PVP ( P > 0.05 ), but they were higher than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The anterior edge and middle height of vertebra in the two groups were higher than those in control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the increase in PKP group was more substantial ( P < 0.05 ). The kyphosis of the two groups was smaller than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the decrease of the kyphosis of the PKP group was more substantial ( P < 0.05 ). In summary, the thoracolumbar segment model established by 3D finite element method was an effective model, and it was verified on patients that both PKP and PVP could achieve relatively satisfactory efficacy. The implantation of the new internal fixation system had no obvious effect on the lumbar movement. This work provided a novel idea and method for the treatment of senile thoracolumbar unstable fracture, as well as experimental data of biomechanics for the operation of senile unstable fracture.
14
Shang, Qisong, Yuqing Jiang, Wenhui Sheng, Pengyuan Han, Junru Zheng, Xing Wang, and Bing Wu. "Biomechanical Analysis of Different Internal Fixation Combined with Different Bone Grafting for Unstable Thoracolumbar Fractures in the Elderly." BioMed Research International 2022 (April 25, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2863379.
Full textAbstract:
This research was developed to accurately evaluate the unstable fractures of thoracolumbar before and after surgery and discuss the treatment timing and methods. Three-dimensional (3D) finite element method was adopted to construct the T12-L5 segment model of human body. The efficiency of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), two commonly used internal fixation procedures, was retrospectively compared. A total of 150 patients with chest fracture who received PKP or PVP surgery in our hospital, and 104 patients with the same symptoms who received conservative treatment were collected and randomly rolled into PVP group (75 cases), PKP group (75 cases), and control group (104 cases). Visual analog scale (VAS) score and Oswestry disability index (ODI) of patients were collected before and after surgery and 2, 12, and 24 months after surgery. Then, the anterior and central height of the patient’s cone and the kyphosis angle were calculated by X-ray. Lumbar minimally invasive fusion system and lumbar pedicle screw rod system were established by computer-aided design (CAD), and the biomechanical characteristics were analyzed. The results showed that there was no substantial difference in VAS score and ODI score between PKP and PVP ( P > 0.05 ), but they were higher than those of the control group ( P < 0.05 ). The anterior edge and middle height of vertebra in the two groups were higher than those in control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the increase in PKP group was more substantial ( P < 0.05 ). The kyphosis of the two groups was smaller than that of the control group ( P < 0.05 ), and the decrease of the kyphosis of the PKP group was more substantial ( P < 0.05 ). In summary, the thoracolumbar segment model established by 3D finite element method was an effective model, and it was verified on patients that both PKP and PVP could achieve relatively satisfactory efficacy. The implantation of the new internal fixation system had no obvious effect on the lumbar movement. This work provided a novel idea and method for the treatment of senile thoracolumbar unstable fracture, as well as experimental data of biomechanics for the operation of senile unstable fracture.
15
Burnett, Christina L. "PVP (Polyvinylpyrrolidone)." International Journal of Toxicology 36, no. 5_suppl2 (September 2017): 50S—51S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1091581817716649.
Full text
16
Liu, Shanshan, Qibin Chen, Yujie Sheng, Jincheng Shen, Changjun Peng, and Honglai Liu. "Unraveling the forming mechanism of hierarchical helices via self-assembly of an achiral supramolecular polymer brush." Polymer Chemistry 6, no. 21 (2015): 3926–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5py00163c.
Full text
17
Zhang, Fujing, Shuzhong Liu, Xi Zhou, Shuangjiao Liu, Yong Liu, and Junling Zhuang. "Efficacy and Prognostic Analysis of Percutaneous Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma." Blood 142, Supplement 1 (November 28, 2023): 6700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2023-189263.
Full textAbstract:
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and prognosis of percutaneous vertebroplasty/ kyphoplasty (PVP/PKP) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). Methods Clinical data of NDMM patients who underwent PVP/PKP during front-line regimen at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 1 2003 to June 30, 2023, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with comparable severity of bone disease and no orthopedic surgery were selected as controls. Visual analogue scale (VAS) score, progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) were compared. Statistical methods mainly adopt χ 2-test, t-test, Kaplan Meier, and COX regression analysis. Results Baseline characteristics were matched between the surgical group (n=51 with 56 surgeries) and non-surgical group(n=102), including gender, age, paraprotein type, serum M protein level, International Staging System(ISS), numbers of lytic lesions, cytogenetic abnormalities, first-line treatment, and autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT)（ P＞0.05). Bone lesions for PVP/PKP were located at thoracic vertebrae (53.6%, 30/56) or lumbosacral vertebrae (46.4%, 26/56). The postoperative VAS score was significantly improved (2.25±0.81 vs 5.92±1.05 , P<0.001). The median follow-up time was 51[38,70] months. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that PFS (37[17,89] vs 23[12.61] months, HR 0.648, 95%CI 0.431-0.973, P=0.047) and OS (not reached vs 66[28, NR] months, HR 0.519, 95%CI 0.296-0.910, P=0.045) in the surgical group were significantly improved. COX multivariate analysis suggested that PVP/PKP was an independent prognostic factor for PFS ( P=0.021, HR 0.589，95%CI 0.376-0.922)and OS( P=0.038, HR 0.496，95%CI 0.255-0.963), while not receiving ASCT or ISS stage II/III were independent risk factors. Subgroup analysis confirmed that patients with ISS II/III or non-ASCT achieved better PFS and OS in the surgical group(PFS: P=0.033, P=0.040; OS: P=0.024, P=0.018), while patients with ISS I or receiving ASCT had similar survival outcome（PFS P＞0.05; OS P＞0.05) between two groups. Conclusion For NDMM patients, PVP/PKP is associated better quality of life due to alleviating bone pain. Meanwhile, it improves the PFS and OS of patients with ISS stage II/III or non-transplant eligible, which suggests that shortening the gap from symptom onset to diagnosis by surgical pathology will improve response in MM.
18
Wei, Lixiang. "Comparative Study of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty and Hyperextension Reduction Combined with Percutaneous Vertebroplasty in the Treatment of Osteoporotic Thoracolumbar Compression Fractures in the Elderly." Bone and Arthrosurgery Science 1, no. 2 (September 22, 2023): 86–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/bas.v1i2.5397.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: This paper aims to explore the clinical effects of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) and hyperextension reduction combined with percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) in elderly patients with osteoporotic thoracolumbar compression fractures (OVCF). Methods: A sample of 62 elderly OVCF patients was selected. The admission time was from June 2022 to June 2023. They were randomly divided into a study group (n = 31) and a control group (n = 31) using computer software lottery method. Patients in the control group were treated with PKP, while patients in the study group were treated with hyperextension reduction combined with PVP. The operation time, hospitalization time, the number of fluoroscopy, treatment costs, visual analog pain score (VAS), vertebral body height, and Cobb angle of the injured vertebra were compared between the two groups. Results: The operation time, hospitalization time, number of fluoroscopy, and treatment costs of the patients in the study group were all lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The VAS scores of the two groups after surgery were lower than those before surgery, and there was no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). After surgery, the vertebral body heights in both groups were more significant than before surgery, and the Cobb angle of the injured vertebra was smaller than before surgery. There was no significant difference between the groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: PKP and hyperextension reduction combined with PVP treatment in elderly patients with OVCF can relieve pain and restore vertebral body height and Cobb angle. However, hyperextension reduction combined with PVP treatment can shorten the operation time and hospitalization time, with low treatment cost, which has the potential value to be widely applied.
19
Wan, Lucy S. C., Paul W. S. Heng, and B. L. Ling. "Fluidized Bed Granulation with Pvp K90 and Pvp K120." Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy 21, no. 7 (January 1995): 857–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03639049509026650.
Full text
20
Xin, Yi, Zonghao Huang, Jinfeng Chen, Cheng Wang, Yanbin Tong, and Sidong Liu. "Fabrication of well-aligned PPV/PVP nanofibers by electrospinning." Materials Letters 62, no. 6-7 (March 2008): 991–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2007.07.031.
Full text
21
Yuan, Xia. "Effect of Poly(Vinyl Pyrrolidone) on Dispersing Carbon Black Particles." Advanced Materials Research 796 (September 2013): 432–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.796.432.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone)(PVP) on dispersing carbon black (CB) particles were investigated by measuring Z-average particle size, Zeta potential and centrifugal stability of CB dispersions. Addition of PVP in a dispersing medium significantly reduces the size of suspended CB particles, especially in water. The dispersing efficiency of PVP was found to have been enhanced by adding an anionic surfactant, sodium methylenedinaphthalene disulphonate (NNO) in the aqueous media. The particle size of CB dispersed with PVP and NNO was 175.7 nm, significantly smaller than that dispersed with PVP and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). The performance of PVP-encapsulated CB particles and that of PVP-adsorbed CB particles were also compared. The particle size and Zeta potential of PVP-encapsulated CB particles were similar to those of PVP-adsorbed CB particles using ultrasonic method, but the centrifugal stability of PVP-encapsulated CB dispersions was significantly improved. The relative absorbency of PVP/CB dispersions was increased from 42.0% to 63.7%. However, the PVP-encapsulated layer can be destroyed by prolonged ultrasonic treatment because the ultrasound over a long period of time can not only break up the flocculation bridge in the crosslinking matrix of PVP, but also flake off the PVP shells on the surface of CB particles.
22
Thi, Tran Minh, Le Van Tinh, Bui Hong Van, Pham Van Ben, and Vu Quoc Trung. "The Effect of Polyvinylpyrrolidone on the Optical Properties of the Ni-Doped ZnS Nanocrystalline Thin Films Synthesized by Chemical Method." Journal of Nanomaterials 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/528047.
Full textAbstract:
We report the optical properties of polyvinyl-pyrrolidone (PVP) and the influence of PVP concentration on the photoluminescence spectra of the PVP (PL) coated ZnS : Ni nanocrystalline thin films synthesized by the wet chemical method and spin-coating. PL spectra of samples were clearly showed that the 520 nm luminescence peak position of samples remains unchanged, but their peak intensity changes with PVP concentration. The PVP polymer is emissive with peak maximum at 394 nm with the exciting wavelength of 325 nm. The photoluminescence exciting (PLE) spectrum of PVP recorded at 394 nm emission shows peak maximum at 332 nm. This excitation band is attributed to the electronic transitions in PVP molecular orbitals. The absorption edges of the PVP-coated ZnS : Ni0.3% samples that were shifted towards shorter wavelength with increasing of PVP concentration can be explained by the absorption of PVP in range of 350 nm to 400 nm. While the PVP coating does not affect the microstructure of ZnS : Ni nanomaterial, the analyzed results of the PL, PLE, and time-resolved PL spectra and luminescence decay curves of the PVP and PVP-coated ZnS : Ni samples allow to explain the energy transition process from surface PVP molecules to the Ni2+centers that occurs via hot ZnS.
23
Yu, Dejun, Zuyao Liu, Hongqing Wang, Ran Yao, Fu Li, Yang Yang, and Fenglong Sun. "Analysis on the Effect of Different Surgical Methods on the Treatment of Senile Osteoporotic Spinal Compression Fractures and the Influencing Factors of Complications." Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2021 (August 31, 2021): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1599470.
Full textAbstract:
Osteoporotic fractures are a common type of fractures in the elderly, among which spinal compression fractures are more common. After the occurrence of fractures, due to the compression and burst of the vertebral body, this will lead to local kyphosis deformity and even affect the balance of the sagittal spine. In the past, conservative treatments were used for osteoporotic spinal compression fractures. Although it can relieve pain symptoms, it can easily lead to complications such as aggravation of osteoporosis and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities. At present, percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) and percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) are the main clinical surgical treatments, both of which are minimally invasive surgery, short operation time, effective pain relief, and rapid postoperative recovery. Although both of them are effective, there is still controversy over the efficacy of both in the treatment of osteoporotic spinal compression fractures. The purpose of this study was to investigate the efficacy of PVP and PKP in the treatment of elderly osteoporotic spinal compression fractures and to analyze the related factors that affect the occurrence of postoperative complications. The results show that both PVP and PKP can effectively improve the pain and dysfunction of elderly patients with osteoporotic spinal compression fracture, restoration of vertebral height, and correct kyphosis, but PKP has better effect and higher safety and is worth promoting. Postoperative complications of patients are related to their age, bone mineral density, use of hormones, and antiosteoporosis treatment.
24
Oh, Hyeryeon, Jin Sil Lee, Hyojung Park, Panmo Son, Byoung Seung Jeon, Sang Soo Lee, Daekyung Sung, Jong-Min Lim, and Won Il Choi. "Phytochemical-Based Nanoantioxidants Stabilized with Polyvinylpyrrolidone for Enhanced Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and Anti-Inflammatory Activities." Antioxidants 13, no. 9 (August 30, 2024): 1056. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox13091056.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the inhibitory effect of phytoncide (Pht) on food-borne pathogenic bacterial growth, the hydrophobic nature and susceptibility to biodegradation under physiological conditions limits its applications. Here, we developed Pht-loaded polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) micelles (Pht@PVP MC) via micelle packing. Pht was solubilized using different types of PVP as micellar vehicles. The as-prepared Pht@PVP MCs were characterized using dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy. The sizes of the Pht@PVP MCs were controlled from 301 ± 51 to 80 ± 3 nm by adjusting the PVP content. The polydispersity index of Pht@PVP MC was between 0.21 ± 0.03 and 0.16 ± 0.04, indicating homogeneous size. A colony-counting method was employed to evaluate the improvement in antibacterial activity after Pht encapsulation in PVP micelles. The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging activity and anti-inflammatory efficacy of Pht@PVP MC were analyzed in a concentration range of 10–100 μg/mL by evaluating in vitro ROS and nitric oxide levels using DCFDA and Griess reagents. PVP with both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties improved the aqueous solubility of Pht and stabilized it via steric hindrance. Higher-molecular-weight PVP at higher concentrations resulted in a smaller hydrodynamic diameter of Pht@PVP MC with uniform size distribution. The spherical Pht@PVP MC maintained its size and polydispersity index in a biological buffer for 2 weeks. Pht@PVP MC exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity compared to bare Pht. The growth of Staphylococcus aureus was effectively inhibited by Pht@PVP MC treatment. Furthermore, biocompatible Pht@PVP MC exhibited dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vitro. Overall, Pht@PVP MC is an effective alternative to synthetic antibacterial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory chemicals.
25
Liu, Wan-Yi, Yun-Shan Hsieh, and Yu-Tse Wu. "Poly (Lactic-Co-Glycolic) Acid–Poly (Vinyl Pyrrolidone) Hybrid Nanoparticles to Improve the Efficiency of Oral Delivery of β-Carotene." Pharmaceutics 14, no. 3 (March 14, 2022): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics14030637.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to develop a nanoparticle formulation made of poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) for the oral delivery of β-carotene (BC). The hybrid nanoparticles were prepared by the interfacial deposition method, and the physicochemical properties of this formulation were characterized in terms of its morphology, particle size, size distribution, encapsulation efficiency, dissolution, intestinal permeability, and in vivo pharmacokinetics. Our results demonstrated that BC-loaded nanoformulation and PLGA nanoparticles (PNP) significantly enhanced a release 6.1 times higher than BC suspension. The fortification of PVP into PLGA nanoparticles, named PLGA–PVP hybrid nanoparticles (PPNP), significantly reduced the particle size, as well as led to an increase 1.9 times higher in the in vitro release of BC, compared with PNP. For the ex vivo intestinal permeability assessment, PNP and PPNP–K15 significantly enhanced the intestinal permeability by 2.7 and 6.5 times at the jejunum, and 2.3 and 4.5 times at the ileum, when compared with unformulated BC. According to the pharmacokinetic study, the optimized hybrid formulation significantly increased the peak plasma concentration (Cmax) and the area under the curve (AUC0-t), and the oral relative bioavailability showed a five-fold enhancement compared with that of the BC suspension. Our results indicate that the hybrid nanoparticulate delivery system is an efficient strategy for the oral delivery of BC.
26
Tu, Meng-Che, Jamal Ahmed Cheema, Umit Hakan Yildiz, Alagappan Palaniappan, and Bo Liedberg. "Vapor phase solvatochromic responses of polydiacetylene embedded matrix polymers." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 7 (2017): 1803–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6tc05169c.
Full textAbstract:
The solvatochromic response of polydiacetylene (PDA) in the vapor phase is enabled upon incorporation with matrix polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyacrylic acid (PAA), and poly-4-vinylpyridine (P4VP).
27
Caetano, Ian Pellinca Braga, Danielle Marques de Araújo Stapelfeldt, Rodrigo de Siqueira Melo, Kênia da Silva Freitas, Ana Lucia Shiguihara, and Jorge Amim Júnior. "Effect of sodium lauroyl sarcosinate on the thermal, optical and moisture absorption properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone film." Journal of Engineering and Exact Sciences 9, no. 5 (June 22, 2023): 15997–01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18540/jcecvl9iss5pp15997-01e.
Full textAbstract:
In the present study, polyvinylpyrrolidone films containing amino acid-based surfactant, namely, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate (SLS), were prepared by casting method. The obtained films (PVP/SLS) were characterized by means of attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), optical properties, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and moisture absorption (MA). ATR-FTIR spectra of PVP/SLS films showed the main bands of PVP. The opacity of PVP films increased with the addition of SLS. Furthermore, moisture absorption of PVP/SLS films were higher than the pristine PVP film. TGA curves displayed that the thermal stability of PVP film decreased after the incorporation of SLS. DSC curves indicated that SLS can be used as plasticizer for PVP.
28
Sui, Xiaoyu, Yan Chu, Jie Zhang, Honglian Zhang, Huiyu Wang, Tingting Liu, and Cuiyan Han. "The Effect of PVP Molecular Weight on Dissolution Behavior and Physicochemical Characterization of Glycyrrhetinic Acid Solid Dispersions." Advances in Polymer Technology 2020 (October 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8859658.
Full textAbstract:
The effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as glycyrrhetic acid (GA) solid dispersions carrier at different molecular weights on the dissolution behavior and physicochemical properties was investigated. PVP-GA-SDs prepared with all four molecular weight PVPs displayed good enhancement of dissolution rate and equilibrium solubility compared with pure drug and corresponding physical mixtures. The results showed that the enhancement effect of molecular weight on dissolution rate and equilibrium solubility follows PVP K 30 > PVP K 60 > PVP K 17 > PVP K 15 . In addition, the dissolution rate and solubility of the SDs with a carrier-drug ratio of 8 : 1 were better than the samples of 4 : 1. The DSC and XRD patterns showed that the crystallization of GA in SDs prepared by PVP K30 and PVP K60 was significantly inhibited, and both were transformed to amorphous. Based on FTIR and Raman detection, a hydrogen-bond between PVP and drug molecules is formed. SEM results showed that there were no significant differences in the appearance of SDs prepared with four PVPs, and no crystalline morphology of GA was seen. In conclusion, the findings of this study demonstrated that the dissolution performance of the PVP-GA-SDs prepared by the solvent method is related to the molecular weight of PVP, and the change in the molecular weight of PVP does not cause a monotonic change in dissolution of GA. The samples with PVP K30 as the carrier have the best dissolution performance.
29
Braley-Mullen, H. "Regulation of IgG memory responses by helper and suppressor T cells activated by the type 2 antigen, polyvinylpyrrolidone." Journal of Experimental Medicine 161, no. 6 (June 1, 1985): 1357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1084/jem.161.6.1357.
Full textAbstract:
T cells from CAF1 mice immunized with various amounts of the type 2 antigen polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were assessed for their ability to provide help to PVP-specific memory B cells for the production of IgG. Low doses (0.0025 micrograms) of PVP consistently activated helper T cells (Th), which were required for the production of IgG by primed B cells. In contrast, T cells from mice primed with higher amounts (0.25 or 25 micrograms) of PVP did not provide significant help to the same B cells for IgG production. Moreover, when mixed with B cells and low-dose PVP-primed Th, T cells from mice primed with 0.25 or 25 micrograms PVP suppressed PVP-specific IgG, but not IgM antibody responses. The suppressor cells induced by higher amounts of PVP were eliminated either by injecting cyclophosphamide (CY) before priming with PVP, or by treating the primed T cells with anti-Lyt-2.2 and C before transfer. Pretreatment of suppressor T cell (Ts) donors with CY or removal of Lyt-2+ T cells not only eliminated Ts activity, but also unmasked significant Th activity in the T cells from high-dose PVP-primed mice. Thus, both low and high amounts of PVP can activate Th, although high amounts of PVP also induce Ts, the activity of which predominates in a normal unfractionated T cell population. The amount of PVP (0.0025 micrograms) that induces dominant help for IgG memory responses was only marginally immunogenic for induction of primary PVP-specific IgM responses, while 0.25 and 25 micrograms PVP, which induce dominant suppression for IgG memory responses, are optimally immunogenic for primary IgM responses. These results are discussed in the context of the inability of most type 2 antigens to elicit primary IgG responses or to prime memory B cells for production of IgG, responses which are dependent on the function of antigen-specific Th.
30
Van Buskirk, A. M., and H. Braley-Mullen. "In vitro activation of specific helper and suppressor T cells by the type 2 antigen polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)." Journal of Immunology 139, no. 5 (September 1, 1987): 1400–1405. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.139.5.1400.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Although type 2 antigens, such as PVP, generally do not activate specific TH, previous studies have established that low doses of PVP (0.0025 microgram) can activate TH in vivo which provide help in primed B cells for PVP-specific IgG responses. Doses of PVP that are optimally immunogenic for IgM antibody production (0.25 to 25 micrograms) preferentially activate PVP-specific TS, which suppress IgG antibody production. In the studies reported here, TH and TS that regulate PVP-specific IgG antibody responses were activated in vitro by culturing normal spleen cells for 4 days with PVP. Induction of the TH and TS is dependent upon the amount of PVP in culture: 10(-4) micrograms PVP activates TH, whereas 10(-2) micrograms PVP preferentially activates TS. TH induced in vitro express Thy-1, L3T4, and I-A determinants and help provided by these TH is similar in magnitude to that provided by TH from mice primed with 0.0025 microgram PVP in vivo. TH can also be activated in vitro if donor mice are treated with Cy before culture of their spleen cells with 10(-2) micrograms PVP. Cy pretreatment prevents TS activation, and TH are then induced in these cultures. The presence of TS does not prevent activation of TH by 10(-2) micrograms PVP, because removal of TS by treatment of T cells with anti-Lyt-2 + complement at the end of culture uncovers TH activity. This TH activity is comparable with that of TH obtained after culture with 10(-4) micrograms PVP. The ability to activate PVP-specific TH and TS in vitro should allow determination of the mechanisms involved in activation of T cells by type 2 antigens and the mechanisms by which TS and TH interact with one another.
31
Bueno, Vânia B., Iolanda M. Cuccovia, Hernan Chaimovich, and Luiz H. Catalani. "PVP superabsorbent nanogels." Colloid and Polymer Science 287, no. 6 (March 4, 2009): 705–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00396-009-2017-0.
Full text
32
Rothwell, Kenneth G. "PVP-I irrigation." Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 29, no. 4 (April 1986): 288. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02553045.
Full text
33
Van Buskirk, A. M., and H. Braley-Mullen. "Characterization of helper T cells induced by the type 2 antigen polyvinylpyrrolidone." Journal of Immunology 138, no. 4 (February 15, 1987): 1031–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.138.4.1031.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Type 2 antigens are usually unable to prime for IgG memory responses or to activate helper T cells (TH) necessary for memory B cell generation. Previous studies from this laboratory have established that low doses (0.0025 microgram) of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or a T-dependent form of PVP, PVP-coupled horse red blood cells (PVP-HRBC) can activate PVP-specific TH. The present study was undertaken in order to determine some of the characteristics of the TH activated by PVP and to compare their properties with those of classical TH1 and of TH2 cells described in many T-dependent systems. TH activated with either 0.0025 microgram of PVP or PVP-HRBC were characterized with respect to cell surface antigens, Igh restriction and generation in mice expressing an X-linked immune defect (xid mice). PVP-specific TH are similar to TH1 cells in that they are required for the production of IgG subclasses absent in primary responses and have the Lyt-1+, L3T4+, I-J-surface phenotype. These TH may not be identical with TH1 cells, however, since they are I-A+ and Igh restricted. PVP-specific TH can be generated in xid mice which do not produce antibody in a primary anti-PVP response and do not develop a memory response to PVP, regardless of whether it is presented as a type 2 or T-dependent antigen.
34
Zein, Raghad, Ibrahim Alghoraibi, Chadi Soukkarieh, Mohammad Taher Ismail, and Abdalrahim Alahmad. "Influence of Polyvinylpyrrolidone Concentration on Properties and Anti-Bacterial Activity of Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles." Micromachines 13, no. 5 (May 15, 2022): 777. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13050777.
Full textAbstract:
Environmentally green synthesis of stable polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP)-capped silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) was successfully carried out. The present study focused on investigating the influence of adding PVP during the synthesis process on the size, optical properties and antibacterial effect of silver nanoparticles produced. An aqueous extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was used as a reducing agent. The effects of different PVP concentrations and reducing time on the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by UV–Vis spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectrum (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nano tracker analysis (NTA). The addition of PVP was studied. The prepared PVP-AgNPs were spherical with an average size of 13 nm. FTIR analysis confirmed that PVP protects AgNPs by a coordination bond between silver nanoparticles and both N and O of PVP. DLS results indicated the good dispersion of silver nanoparticles. PVP-AgNPs were found to be stable for nearly 5 months. Antibacterial studies through the agar well diffusion method confirmed that silver nanoparticles synthesized using PVP had no inhibitor activity toward Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria as opposed to silver nanoparticles prepared without adding PVP, which showed a significant antibacterial activity towards some of the tested pathogens.
35
Doan, Linh, and Khoa Tran. "Relationship between the Polymer Blend Using Chitosan, Polyethylene Glycol, Polyvinyl Alcohol, Polyvinylpyrrolidone, and Antimicrobial Activities against Staphylococcus aureus." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 10 (October 13, 2023): 2453. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15102453.
Full textAbstract:
The findings from Pareto charts, main effect plots, and interaction plots demonstrate the importance of polymer concentration. Increasing concentration improves the inhibition percentage and decreases the MIC50. However, the primary factor that influences these changes is chitosan (CS). Additionally, the interaction between CS and PVP, along with other polymers, plays a crucial role in achieving better antimicrobial effects. These results enhance our understanding of the antimicrobial properties of the studied polymers and offer valuable insights for developing effective antimicrobial formulations. The MIC50 value of M1–M16 was at a polymer percentage of 12.5%. At 12.5% polymer percentage, with the limits of [PVA], [PEG], and [PVP] being 0.002–0.004 g/mL and [CS] being 0.001–0.002 g/mL, using the 2-level full factorial method, the inhibition percentage is equal to 174.1 − 27,812 PVA − 18,561 PVP − 25,960 PEG − 38,752 CS + 9,263,047 PVA*PVP + 10,430,763 PVA*PEG + 15,397,157 PVA*CS + 7,088,313 PVP*PEG + 7,841,221 PVP*CS + 14,228,046 PEG*CS − 3,367,292,860 PVA*PVP*PEG − 5,671,998,721 PVA*PVP*CS − 6,619,041,275 PVA*PEG*CS − 3,917,095,529 PVP*PEG*CS + 2,273,661,969,470 PVA*PVP*PEG*CS. Theoretically, the most economical concentrations of PVA, PVP, PEG, and CS are 0.002, 0.002, 0.002, and 0.001 mg/mL at a concentration of 12.5% to reach an inhibition percentage of 99.162%, which coincides with the MBC value.
36
Sun, Teng, Dekang Zhan, Xiangzhu Wang, Qingjie Guo, Mingzhou Wu, Pu Shen, and Man Wu. "Release and Degradation Mechanism of Modified Polyvinyl Alcohol-Based Double-Layer Coated Controlled-Release Phosphate Fertilizer." Polymers 16, no. 8 (April 10, 2024): 1041. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym16081041.
Full textAbstract:
This study aims to improve the slow-release performance of a film material for a controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) while enhancing its biodegradability. A water-based biodegradable polymer material doped with biochar (BC) was prepared from modified polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and chitosan (CTS), hereinafter referred to as PVA/PVP–CTSaBCb. An environmentally friendly novel controlled-release phosphate fertilizer (CRPF) was developed using PVA/PVP-CTS8%BC7% as the film. The effect of the PVA/PVP-CTS8%BC7% coating on the service life of the CRPF was investigated. The film was characterized via stress–strain testing, SEM, FTIR, XRD, and TGA analyses. The addition of the CTS modifier increased the stress of PVA/PVP-CTS8% by 7.6% compared with that of PVA/PVP owing to the decrease in the crystallinity of PVP/PVP-CTS8%. The hydrophilic –OH groups were reduced due to the mixing of CTS and PVA/PVP. Meanwhile, the water resistance of the PVA/PVP-CTS8%BC7% was improved. And the controlled-release service life of the CRPF was prolonged. Moreover, the addition of BC increased the crystallinity of the PVA/PVP-CTS8% by 10%, reduced the fracture elongation of the material, and further improved the biodegradability of the PVA/PVP-CTS8%BC7%. When the amount of BC added was 7%, the phosphorus release rate of the CRPF was 30% on the 28th day. Moreover, the degradation rate of the PVA/PVP-CTS8%BC7% polymer film was 35% after 120 days. This study provides basic data for applying water-based degradable polymer materials in CRFs.
37
He, Bin, Jinqiu Zhao, Muzi Zhang, Guanyin Jiang, Ke Tang, and Zhengxue Quan. "Effect of Surgical Timing on the Refracture Rate after Percutaneous Vertebroplasty: A Retrospective Analysis of at Least 4-Year Follow-Up." BioMed Research International 2021 (November 27, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5503022.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. The effect of surgical timing on vertebral refracture rate and mortality remains elusive after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) or percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), and we aim to assess the impact of surgical timing on vertebral refracture rate and mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous vertebroplasty. Methods. We did a retrospective cohort study of patients who underwent PKP or PVP because of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture (OVCF) between April 1, 2014 and March 31, 2016. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of vertebral refracture. Secondary outcomes included the mortality and chronic back pain. Results. The rate of vertebral refracture was significantly lower in early surgical timing group than that in late surgical timing group (HR 2.415, 95% CI 1.318–4.427; P = 0.004 ). We found that the bone mineral density (BMD) was only the risk factor to increase the vertebral refracture rate after vertebroplasty ( P = 0.001 ). In addition, there was similar mortality between the two groups (15.7% in early surgical timing group versus 10% in late surgical timing group). Male patients (27.3%, 12/44) had higher mortality compared to female patients (10.6%, 20/189), while the mortality was higher in patients with cerebral infarction (25%, 3/12) than those without cerebral infarction (12.1%, 17/140). Conclusions. Surgical timing significantly affects the vertebral refracture rate after PKP or PVP, which is also influenced by BMD. The mortality after the surgery is not affected by the surgical timing, but gender and cerebral infarction may be the risk factors of mortality.
38
Nair, Bindu. "Final Report On the Safety Assessment of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)." International Journal of Toxicology 17, no. 4_suppl (February 1998): 95–130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/109158189801700408.
Full textAbstract:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a linear polymer of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone monomers used as a binder, emulsion stabilizer, film former, hair fixative, and suspending agent-nonsurfactant. The molecular weight of the polymer ranges from 10,000 to 700,000. PVP K-30, with an average molecular weight of 40,000, is typically used in cosmetic formulations. The highest concentration reported to be used is 35%. There was no significant absorption of PVP K-30 given orally to rats, and the acute oral LD50 was >100 g/kg for rats and guinea pigs. Neither toxic effects nor gross lesions were found in rats maintained for two years on a diet containing 10% PVP K-30. Short-term PVP inhalation studies produced mild lymphoid hyperplasia and fibroplasia in rats, but no inflammatory response. In animal studies, no evidence of significant ocular irritation, skin irritation, or skin sensitization was found at PVP-iodine solution concentrations of 10%. While PVP-iodine is not a cosmetic ingredient, these negative findings were considered to support the safety of the PVP component. Undiluted PVP K-30 was not a dermal irritant or sensitizer in clinical tests. No developmental toxicity was seen in vehicle controls where PVP was used as a vehicle for another agent. In certain assay systems, PVP was genotoxic, but was negative in the majority of studies. Orally administered PVP significantly decreased the rate of bladder tumors in mice exposed to bracken fern. Several studies tested the carcinogenicity of subcutaneous implants of particulate PVP in rats, mice, and rabbits. Although the majority of these studies conducted in rats were positive, tumors (sarcomas) were localized to the site of implantation. Based on the available data, it was concluded that PVP is safe as used in cosmetics.
39
Charalambous, C., T. A. Barker, C. S. Zipitis, I. Siddique, R. Swindell, R. Jackson, and J. Benson. "Comparison of Peripheral and Central Venous Pressures in Critically Ill Patients." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 31, no. 1 (February 2003): 34–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x0303100106.
Full textAbstract:
We conducted a prospective study to determine the relationship between central (CVP) and peripheral (PVP) venous pressures in critically ill patients. CVP and PVP were measured on five different occasions in 20 critically ill patients in the intensive care unit. Results showed that the mean difference between PVP and CVP was 4.4 mmHg (95% CI= 3.7 to 5.0). However, PVP might be 1.9 mmHg below (95% CI=0.7 to 3.1) or 10.6 mmHg above (95% CI=9.4 to 11.8) the CVP. The mean difference between changes in PVP and corresponding changes in CVP was 0.3 mmHg (95%CI=-0.1 to 0.7). The actual change in PVP could be 3.0 mmHg below (95% CI=2.3 to 3.7) or 3.6 mmHg above (95% CI=2.9 to 4.3) the change in CVP. Overall, the direction of change in PVP (rise or drop) predicted a same direction of change in CVP with an accuracy of 78%. Changes in PVP ≥2 mmHg predicted a change in same direction of CVP with an accuracy of 90%. The direction of changes in CVP ≥2 mmHg were predicted by the direction of change in PVP with an accuracy of 91%. We conclude that PVP measurement does not give an accurate estimate of the absolute value of CVP in individual patients. However, as changes in PVP parallel, in direction, changes in CVP, serial measurements of PVP may have a value in determining volume status and guiding fluid therapy in critically ill patients.
40
Wang, B., and F. Q. Liu. "Synthesis and properties of a stimulus-responsive block polymer." RSC Advances 10, no. 48 (2020): 28541–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra05343k.
Full textAbstract:
In this study, two different macromolecular CTA segments (PVP-CTA-PVP and PDMAEMA-CTA-PDMAEMA) were prepared by RAFT polymerization, followed by the synthesis of the block polymer PDMAEMA-b-PVP-CTA-PVP-b-PDMAEMA.
41
Anwar, Budiman, Citra Nurhashiva, Raihanah Arwa, and Galuh Yuliani. "Physicochemical properties of bioplastic based on hydroxyethylcellulose and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, no. 00 (2023): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc231023103a.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study is to develop a bioplastic based on hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and polyvinilpyrrolidone (PVP) which is applied as packaging materials. The effect of incorporation of PVP into HEC on the physicochemical properties of its blend films are investigated. The FTIR and DSC analysis denote that incorporation of PVP induce the intermolecular hydrogen bonds occur more intensely. The XRD diffractograms indicate that the incorporation of PVP reduces the crystallinity of the film. The mechanical properties of the films become greater as the PVP content increases, and the optimum composition of HEC/PVP is at 5:3 (w/w) with a tensile strength of 34.8 ? 3.4 MPa; elongation at break 104.3 ? 4.9%; and an elastic modulus of 0.10 ? 0.02 GPa. The SEM and DSC analysis signify an excellent compatibility and miscibility between HEC and PVP. The incorporation of PVP increase the transparency and hydrophilicity of the film. The water vapor transmission rate of the films are relatively unchanged due to the incorporation of PVP. The TGA and DSC analysis reveal that the incorporation of PVP increases the thermal stability and the glass transition temperature of the film. This bioplastic film could be an alternative for biodegradable packaging material.
42
Jiang, Jiantang, Yifeng Shen, Deyou Yu, Tao Yang, Minghua Wu, Lei Yang, and Michal Petru. "Porous Film Coating Enabled by Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone (PVP) for Enhanced Air Permeability of Fabrics: The Effect of PVP Molecule Weight and Dosage." Polymers 12, no. 12 (December 11, 2020): 2961. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12122961.
Full textAbstract:
This study developed a versatile and facile method for creating pores and tuning the porous structure in the polymer latex films by selectively etching the added functional polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) molecules. The pore formed in the latex films had a similar morphology to that of PVP aggregation before etching. This observation promotes us to regulate the pore morphology that determines the film’s property, such as air permeability through varying the PVP molecule weight and dosage. To this end, the effects of PVP molecule weight and dosage on the pore formation were systematically studied. The results showed that the average pore size of porous film decreased from >10 μm to sub-micron (about 0.4 μm) as the molecular weight or the dosage of PVP increased. This was ascribed to the strong adsorption affinity of PVP molecule onto the latex particle surface, which further hindered the diffusion and self-assembly of PVP molecule. In addition, this interaction became much stronger when the higher molecule weight of PVP or the higher dosage of PVP was employed, leading to the decreased size of PVP aggregation, as well as the formed pores in the latex films. Furthermore, the addition of PVP had little effect on the color of coated fabric based on the results of CIE L*a*b* measurement. The proposed facile method can be used to improve the air permeability of coated fabrics.
43
Jaipakdee, Napaphak, Thaned Pongjanyakul, and Ekapol Limpongsa. "PREPARATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY (VINYL ALCOHOL)–POLY (VINYL PYRROLIDONE) MUCOADHESIVE BUCCAL PATCHES FOR DELIVERY OF LIDOCAINE HCL." International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2018): 115. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijap.2018v10i1.23208.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The objectives of this study were to prepare and characterize a buccal mucoadhesive patch using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly (vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) as a mucoadhesive matrix, Eudragit S100 as a backing layer, and lidocaine HCl as a model drug.Methods: Lidocaine HCl buccal patches were prepared using double casting technique. Molecular interactions in the polymer matrices were studied using attenuated total reflectance-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffractometry. Mechanical and mucoadhesive properties were measured using texture analyzer. In vitro permeation of lidocaine HCl from the patch was conducted using Franz diffusion cell.Results: Both of the free and lidocaine HCl patches were smooth and transparent, with good flexibility and strength. ATR-FTIR, DSC and X-ray diffractometry studies confirmed the interaction of PVA and PVP. Mechanical properties of matrices containing 60% PVP were significantly lower than those containing 20% PVP (*P<0.05). Mucoadhesive properties had a tendency to decrease with the concentration of PVP in the patch. The patch containing 60% PVP had significantly lower muco-adhesiveness than those containing 20% PVP (*P<0.05). In vitro permeation revealed that the pattern of lidocaine HCl permeation started with an initial fast permeation, followed by a slower permeation rate. The initial permeation fluxes follow the zero-order model of which rate was not affected by the PVP concentrations in the PVA/PVP matrix.Conclusion: Mucoadhesive buccal patches fabricated with PVA/PVP were successfully prepared. Incorporation of PVP in PVA/PVP matrix affected the strength of polymeric matrix and mucoadhesive property of patches.
44
Agulto, Verdad C., Ian Jasper Agulo, and Roland V. Sarmago. "FTIR and UV-Visible Absorbance Studies of Hydrothermally Grown ZnO Coated with Polyvinylpyrrolidone." Materials Science Forum 895 (March 2017): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.895.73.
Full textAbstract:
Hydrothermally grown hexagonal wurtzite ZnO microrods coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) via an ex-situ method, was successfully synthesized without using complex procedure or experimental setup. FTIR results confirm the presence of different functional groups of PVP at the ZnO surface and the chemical interaction of ZnO with the C=O ligand of the PVP molecule. The presence of PVP molecules prevents the absorption of atmospheric CO2 by the Zn2+ ions since PVP chemically interacts with ZnO by attaching to the exposed cations. The coating concentration doesn’t induce a frequency shift in the vibrations of the PVP functional groups. The ZnO microrods possess good optical quality as indicated by the high UV absorption and pronounced excitonic peak at room temperature, even after coating with higher PVP concentrations.
45
Wang, Zhi Jie, Jing Hua Gong, Shu Guang Yang, Jing Hong Ma, and Jian Xu. "Fabrication of Polyvinylpyrrolidone/Boehmite Nanofibers by Electrospinning." Materials Science Forum 789 (April 2014): 259–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.789.259.
Full textAbstract:
Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/boehmite nanocomposites fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning using boehmite sol containing PVP as the spinning solution. Several techniques, including Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), thermal gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) were used to characterize their ingredients, thermal properties and morphology. The results showed that PVP concentration exhibited significant effect on the PVP/boehmite nanofibers morphology. With increasing PVP concentration, the morphology changed from beaded, beaded fiber to uniform fiber. These PVP/boehmite nanofibers can be used as good candidates for continuously preparing uniform and compact alumina nanofibers.
46
Loginova, N. Yu, Yu S. Chesovskikh, and V. B. Borodulin. "Investigation of the biological activity of the water-soluble C<sub>60</sub>/poly-<i>N</i>-vinylpyrrolidone complex." Fine Chemical Technologies 17, no. 6 (January 24, 2023): 492–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2022-17-6-492-503.
Full textAbstract:
Objectives. The study aimed to investigate the biological activity of the C60/poly-N-vinylpyrrolidone (C60/PVP) complex representing a water-soluble fullerene derivative. In vitro and in vivo techniques were used to analyze the effect of the C60/PVP complex on the activity of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and evaluate changes in the biochemical parameters of blood serum when per os administered to mice.Methods. In order to determine the activity of a commercial LDH preparation and study the kinetics of this process, the standard Warburg photometric method was used. To assess the effect of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and the C60/PVP complex on some biochemical parameters in vivo, a study was conducted on two-month-old male white mongrel mice weighing 20 ± 3 g. Determination of biochemical parameters of blood serum was carried out using a semi-automatic biochemical analyzer according to standard methods.Results. The effect of the C60/PVP complex on LDH activity was studied along with changes in the biochemical parameters of mouse blood serum characterizing carbohydrate metabolism. As well as increasing the glucose and pyruvic acid content, the C60/PVP complex was found to reduce lactate content and LDH activity in blood serum along with in vitro LDH activity according to the type of mixed inhibition.Conclusions. The C60/PVP complex and PVP were shown to exhibit biological activity in vitro and in vivo. The C60/PVP complex, representing a mixed-type LDH inhibitor, was shown to inhibit LDH activity, as well as contributing to a decrease in lactate concentration and an increase in the concentration of pyruvic acid and glucose in blood serum when administered per os to mice. The inhibitory effect of PVP on LDH activity was revealed in both in vivo and in vitro investigations. In vivo, PVP contributes to a decrease in the concentration of lactate in the blood. The less pronounced effect of the C60/PVP complex as compared to PVP alone may be due to the fact that C60 molecules are “hidden” in cavities formed in PVP molecules.
47
Chen, Xuan, Chongde Lai, Yulan Wang, Lili Wei, and Qiwang Zhong. "Disinfection effect of povidone-iodine in aquaculture water of swamp eel (Monopterus albus)." PeerJ 6 (November 29, 2018): e5523. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5523.
Full textAbstract:
The swamp eel (Monopterus albus) is an important commercial farmed fish species in China. However, it is susceptible toAeromonas hydrophilainfections, resulting in high mortality and considerable economic loss. Povidone-iodine (PVP-I) is a widely used chemical disinfectant in aquaculture, which can decrease the occurrence of diseases and improve the survival. However, environmental organic matter could affect the bactericidal effectiveness of PVP-I, and the efficacy of PVP-I in aquaculture water is still unknown. In this paper, disinfection assays were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of PVP-I against theA. hydrophilain different types of water. We found that the effective germicidal concentration of PVP-I in outdoor aquaculture water was 25 ppm for 12 h. In indoor aquaculture water with 105CFU/mL bacteria, 10 ppm and 20 ppm of PVP-I could kill 99% and 100% of the bacteria, respectively. The minimal germicidal concentration of PVP-I in Luria-Bertani broth was 4,000 ppm. Available iodine content assay in LB solutions confirmed that the organic substance had negative impact on the effectiveness of PVP-I, which was consistent with the different efficacy of PVP-I in different water samples. Acute toxicity tests showed that the 24 h-LC50of PVP-I to swamp eel was 173.82 ppm, which was much higher than the germicidal concentrations in outdoor and indoor aquaculture water, indicating its safety and effectivity to control theA. hydrophila. The results indicated PVP-I can be helpful for preventing the transmission ofA. hydrophilain swamp eel aquaculture.
48
Sun, Li, Geng Wang, Chunwei Zhang, Qiao Jin, and Yansheng Song. "On the rheological properties of multi-walled carbon nano-polyvinylpyrrolidone/silicon-based shear thickening fluid." Nanotechnology Reviews 10, no. 1 (January 1, 2021): 1339–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2021-0087.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This study examines the rheological properties of shear thickening fluid (STF) enhanced by additives such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and nano-silica (SiO2) at different mass fraction ratios. The rheological properties of the liquid (MWCNTs–PVP/SiO2–STF) and the effect of the rheological properties of the STF under different plate spacing of the rheometer were investigated. The optimal mass fraction mixing ratio was also studied. The MWCNTs–PVP/SiO2–STF system with different PVP mass fractions was fabricated using ultrasonic technology and the mechanical stirring method. Then, the steady-state rheological test of the MWCNTs–PVP/SiO2–STF system was carried out with the aid of the rheometer facility. Dynamic rheological and temperature sensitivity tests on the MWCNTs–PVP/SiO2–STF system with 0.1 and 0.15% PVP mass fractions were performed. The rheological test results show that the MWCNTs–PVP/SiO2–STF system has a significant shear thickening effect when the PVP mass fraction is increased from 0 to 0.15%. When the PVP mass fraction is 0.1% and the plate spacing is 1 mm, the system exhibits the best shear thickening performance. This is based on the following facts: the viscosity can be achieved as 216.75 Pa s; the maximum energy storage and energy consumption capabilities can be observed. As a result, PVP can significantly enhance the shear thickening performance of the MWCNTs/SiO2–STF system.
49
Prakash, Jay, Natesh S. Rao, Sanjeev Kumar, Kumar H. Raghwendra, Khushboo Saran, and Sandeep D. Reddy. "Study of Relationship between Central Venous Pressure and Peripheral Venous Pressure during Intraoperative Period in Neurosurgical Patients." Journal of Neuroanaesthesiology and Critical Care 05, no. 01 (January 2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0037-1618328.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background and Objectives Central venous pressure (CVP) and peripheral venous pressure (PVP) are strongly correlated during various surgeries. This study was designed to examine the consistency of CVP–PVP relationships in circumstances of rapidly fluctuating hemodynamics in neurosurgical patients. Prime objective of this study was to determine if PVP can be an effective alternative to invasive CVP for assessing volume status during neurosurgical procedures when expertise, equipment, and patient’s condition contraindicate invasive monitoring. Subjects and Methods After the approval by the Institutional Ethics Committee, CVP and PVP were measured in 50 neurosurgical patients of the American Society of Anesthesiologists grade I and II operated in supine position. Paired measurements of CVP and PVP were made every 20 minutes, from the starting of anesthesia until the end of surgery; however, in situations of hemodynamic instability, the readings were taken every 5 minutes of interval. Results The study showed a strong correlation between CVP and PVP (Pearson’s correlation coefficient between CVP and PVP, r = 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81–0.93; p < 0.001). Mean CVP was 5.7 ± 0.8 mm of Hg, mean PVP was 10.4 ± 0.6 mm of Hg, and bias between CVP and PVP was 4.7 ± 0.4 (95% CI: − 4.61 to − 4.83). The Bland–Altman analysis showed that limit of agreement to be 4.0 to 5.5 mm of Hg. Conclusion This study demonstrated a strong correlation between CVP and PVP. Therefore, PVP monitoring may be a reliable alternative to CVP monitoring during neurosurgery.
50
Jouyandeh, Maryam, Mohammad Reza Ganjali, Farzad Seidi, Huining Xiao, and Mohammad Reza Saeb. "Nonisothermal Cure Kinetics of Epoxy/Polyvinylpyrrolidone Functionalized Superparamagnetic Nano-Fe3O4 Composites: Effect of Zn and Mn Doping." Journal of Composites Science 4, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs4020055.
Full textAbstract:
The effects of the bulk and surface modification of nanoparticles on the cure kinetics of low-filled epoxy nanocomposites containing electrochemically synthesized polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) functionalized superparamagnetic iron oxide (PVP-SPIO), Zn-doped PVP-SPIO (Zn-PVP-SPIO), and Mn-doped PVP-SPIO (Mn-PVP-SPIO) were studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and cure kinetics analyses. Integral and differential isoconversional methods were used to calculate the activation energies (Eα) and consequently propose the appropriate reaction model for the curing reaction under nonisothermal conditions. According to the alteration of Eα versus the fractional extent of conversion, the Eα trend was changed through the partial replacement of Fe2+ sites by the Zn2+ and Mn2+ cations in the general formula of MxFe3-xO4, due to smaller amounts of energy being required for curing by the incorporation of Zn-PVP-SPIO and Mn-PVP-SPIO nanoparticles into the epoxy resin. A good agreement was observed between the theoretical calculation and the observed calorimetric data for the model validation.