Journal articles: 'PWM Converter'

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Okhotkin, Grigory P., and Ivan I. Ivanchin. "SPACE VECTOR PWM IN A MULTILEVEL VOLTAGE CONVERTER." Vestnik Chuvashskogo universiteta, no. 1 (March 30, 2022): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.47026/1810-1909-2022-1-107-114.

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The present article considers the voltage forming by multilevel converters. Multilevel converters are widely used in industry applications with medium voltages up to 20 kV. An example is the oil industry, where multilevel converters are installed in electric drives of pumping units on pipeline systems. The location of the pipelines in isolated areas implies weak net connections for power system and expects increased requirements for the efficiency of the use of electricity. In this regard, for a multilevel voltage converter, an energy-efficient vector method of pulse-width modulation is proposed. With vector pulse-width modulation, the optimal number of voltage level switching occurs in the phases of the converter, which leads to the lowest harmonic distortion of the voltage, compared with other modulation methods. The features of vector pulse-width modulation in multilevel voltage converters caused by the increased number of basic voltage vectors of a static multilevel converter are analyzed. A step-by-step method of vector pulse-width modulation in a multilevel converter is proposed, including determining the base vectors of the converter closest to a reference voltage vector, calculating the time for each of the base vectors, maintaining the switching order between the base vectors. The method is considered in detail for a multilevel converter with five voltage levels in a phase. In conclusion, the results of modeling control system of this converter with the proposed method of vector pulse-width modulation are presented. According to the obtained time diagrams of voltage formation, a hodograph of the resulting vector of the output voltage of a multilevel static converter was constructed.

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Patel, Hardik, and Ankit Shah. "Boundary-Based Hybrid Control Algorithm for Switched Boost Converter Operating in CCM and DCM." International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Research 11, no. 1 (March 30, 2023): 213–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.37391/ijeer.110129.

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It is essential to have enhanced efficiency for the DC-DC converters operating in continuous conduction mode (CCM) and discontinuous conduction mode (DCM). This requires a hybrid controller designed using pulse width modulation (PWM) and pulse frequency modulation (PFM) schemes. This paper fixates on a boundary-based hybrid control algorithm for the second-order DC-DC converter - the switched boost converter. The proposed algorithm works in PWM control scheme for CCM operation, whereas DCM operation uses PFM control scheme. The boundary conditions are defined by the load current, output voltage, and switching frequency. Here, an attempt is carried out to have the advantages of both the control schemes. The boost converter is represented by the switched system operating in three modes. Violating transition guards condition orchestrates the switching among these modes. A supervisor detects the CCM and DCM operations, and subsequently switches between PWM and PFM control scheme. Extensive circuit-level simulations are carried out in MATLAB to show the efficacy of the suggested algorithm under the fluctuating line, load, and set-point.

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Russi, J., M. L. Martins, H. A. Gründling, H. Pinheiro, J. R. Pinheiro, and H. L. Hey. "An imroved design for ZVT DC-DC PWM converters with snubber assisted auxiliary switch." Sba: Controle & Automação Sociedade Brasileira de Automatica 16, no. 1 (March 2005): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-17592005000100003.

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This paper proposes an improved design to calculate the snubber auxiliary elements of ZVT DC-DC PWM converters with snubber assisted auxiliary switch. The proposed improved design guidelines are based on the reduction of the conduction losses through the auxiliary circuit. It is accomplished by the unique location of the turn-off snubber capacitor, which is shared by both active switches. By means of this improved design guidelines the converter efficiency can be increased. An efficiency comparative analysis is carried out and the experimental results, obtained from 1 kW, 100 kHz laboratory prototypes, show a relevant improvement in converter efficiency compared to the original converter design. In addition, experimental results also confirm that with the improved design the ZVT PWM converters with snubber assisted auxiliary switch can be competitive with ZVT PWM converters with constant auxiliary voltage source (True PWM ZVS pole).

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Matalata, Hendi, and Leily W. Johar. "ANALISA BUCK CONVERTER DAN BOOST CONVERTER PADA PERUBAHAN DUTY CYCLE PWM DENGAN MEMBANDINGKAN FREKUENSI PWM 1,7 Khz DAN 3,3 Khz." Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi 18, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v18i1.431.

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Buck-Boost Converters are electric power supply device for raising and lowering the voltage DC (Direct Current) power supply equipment according to needs of the electrical load, this research is designed to Buck-Boost Converter and Converter on the 12 Volt power supply, the design of a Buck Converter power supply derived 5 Volt, 6Volt and 6 Volt design while the Boost Converter power supply 12 Volt offered up to 16 Volt, 19 Volt and 22 Volts in a way set the duty cycle of PWM frequency settings in 1.7 Khz and 3.3 Khz. Results research indicates the State of the differences in each frequency in the set output voltage ripple shape obtained is different, however, in the design of this research have been successfully carried out as expected.Keywords: buck converter, boost converter, change in duty cycle

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Ren, Jiaqi. "A Nonisolated Multiport Converter Based on LLC and Bidirectional Buck/Boost for Low Power EH-Battery Systems." CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 196–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.24295/cpsstpea.2022.00018.

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Concerning about integration and high efficiency of topology, nonisolated multiport converters are widely researched in low power Energy-Harvesting-battery (EH-battery) systems. However, the pulse width modulation (PWM) based nonisolated multiport converters usually have the shortages of larger number of switches, ports’ voltage restrictions, hard switching, time-sharing transmission of energy and poor compatibility of MPPT algorithms. Therefore, in this article, a transformer-less multiport converter based on LLC and bidirectional buck/boost converter is proposed, which has the ability to step up and down voltage and well compatibility of MPPT. Meanwhile, soft switching technology is applied so that the converter can work in higher frequency and has smaller size. In addition, the energy can be transmitted simultaneously with the control of PWM and pulse frequency modulation (PFM). Finally, the experimental results of the proposed topology and its comparison with several topologies are given to prove the characteristics of the proposed converter

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HUA, GUICHAO, and FRED C. LEE. "SOFT-SWITCHING PWM CONVERTER TECHNOLOGIES." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 05, no. 04 (December 1995): 531–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126695000333.

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The switched-mode power conversion technologies have evolved from the basic PWM converters to resonant converters, quasi-resonant converters, multi-resonant converters, and most recently, to soft-switching PWM converters. In this paper, several typical resonant techniques and several soft-switching PWM techniques are reviewed, and their merits and limitations are assessed. The resonant techniques reviewed include the quasi-resonant converters, multi-resonant converters, Class-E converters, and resonant dc link converters; and the soft-switching PWM techniques reviewed include the zero-voltage-switched (ZVS) quasi-square-wave converters, ZVS-PWM converters, zero-current-switched PWM converters, zero-voltage- transition PWM converters, and zero-current-transition PWM converters.

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Maklakov, Aleksandr S., and Ivan N. Erdakov. "Study of Behavior of Voltage and Current Spectra of Three-Level Neutral Point Clamped Converter at Selected Harmonic Elimination Programmed Pulse Pattern Pulse-Width Modulation." Energies 16, no. 13 (July 5, 2023): 5183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16135183.

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The issue of converted voltage distortion by high-power converters at pulse-width modulation (PWM) with a low switching frequency of semiconductor modules is still relevant. Currently, the Programmed Pulse Pattern PWM (PPWM) technique is used extensively that allows pre-eliminating the selected harmonics from the converter’s voltage and current spectrum or reducing them to meet the voltage quality standard requirements. A review of scientific publications has shown the insufficiency of available studies on defining and estimating the impact of powerful converters with PPWM. The problem of defining the amplitudes of higher harmonics generated by a converter with PPWM, which are the main cause of electronic equipment failures at the common grid connection point, is particularly relevant. This study considers the behavior of the NPC converter voltage and current spectra at PPWM with the selected harmonic elimination (SHE) for three-level (3L) voltage waveforms. The behavior of up to the 50th non-eliminated harmonics in the NPC converter voltage and current spectra is first shown for a modulation factor changing within 0–1.15 at the pitch of 0.01 for six different SHE PPWM: no. 1–5 and 7; no. 2–5, 7, 11, and 13; no. 3–5, 7, 11, 13, 17, and 19; no. 4–5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, and 25; no. 5–5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25; 29, and 31; no. 6–5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 25, 29, 31, 35, and 37. The concept proposed herein allows measuring the current consumed amplitudes of NPC converter with SHE PPWM at the low average error of about 6%. The adequacy of the approach used herein to determine the current harmonic amplitudes has been experimentally verified with laboratory equipment. The results are consistent with engineering accuracy. The research work is promising for further study and estimation of the impact of the NPC converter SHE PPWM for more complex multi-pulse grid connection circuits and resonance phenomena.

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Li, Tong, and Yebing Gan. "Hybrid Modulated DCDC Boost Converter for Wearable Devices." Electronics 11, no. 20 (October 21, 2022): 3418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11203418.

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Wearable devices require power management systems to achieve high conversion efficiency over a wide range of load currents. Multi-mode mixed modulation can be used in DCDC converters to achieve high efficiency over a wide load current range. The DCDC boost converter proposed in this paper uses a hybrid modulation of DGM (Deep Green Control Mode), PCMC (Peak current mode control)-PFM (Pulse Frequency Modulation) and PCMC-PWM (Pulse Width Modulation). The converter switches smoothly from PCMC-PFM to PCMC-PWM mode under load-current-based conditions and without any mode selection module. The proposed DCDC boost converter is fabricated in a 0.18 μm CMOS process with a Die area of 1.24 × 0.78 μm2. The input voltage range is 0.8–5 V, the output voltage is 5 V, and the load current range is 5–300 mA. Experimental results show that the boost converter can achieve 94.7% peak efficiency. Efficiency of more than 90% can be achieved in the load current range of 30–300 mA.

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İskender, İres, Yıldürüm Üçtug˘, and H. Bülent Ertan. "Steady‐state modeling of a phase‐shift PWM parallel resonant converter." COMPEL - The international journal for computation and mathematics in electrical and electronic engineering 25, no. 4 (October 1, 2006): 883–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/03321640610684051.

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PurposeTo derive an analytical model for a dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converter operating in lagging power factor mode based on the steady‐state operation conditions and considering the effects of a high‐frequency transformer.Design/methodology/approachA range of published works relevant to dc‐ac‐dc converters and their control methods based on pulse‐width‐modulation technique are evaluated and their limitations in output measurement of higher output voltage converters are indicated. The circuit diagram of the converter is described and the general mathematical model of the system is obtained by deriving and combining the mathematical models of the different converter blocks existing in the system. The derived mathematical model is used to study the steady‐state and transient performance of the converter. The deriving procedure of the analytical model for a parallel resonant converter is extensively given and the analytical model obtained is verified by simulation results achieved using MATLAB/SIMULINK and the program written by the authors.FindingsThe paper suggests an analytical model for dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converters. The model can be used in the output voltage estimation of a converter in terms of its phase‐shift angle and the dc‐link voltage.Research limitations/implicationsThe resources in the library of the authors' university and also the English resources relative to dc‐ac‐dc converters reachable through the internet were researched.Practical implicationsThe analytical model suggested can be used in estimating the output voltage of the converters used in high‐voltage applications or where there are difficulties in employing sensors in measurement of the output voltage due to high price or implementation problems.Originality/valueThe originality of the paper is to present an analytical model for dc‐ac‐dc parallel resonant converters. Using this model makes it possible to estimate the output voltage of the converter using the dc‐link voltage and the phase‐shift angle. The proposed model provides researchers to regulate the output voltage of the converters using feed‐forward control technique.

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Kolar, Johann W., Uwe Drofenik, Juergen Biela, Marcelo Heldwein, Hans Ertl, Thomas Friedli, and Simon Round. "PWM Converter Power Density Barriers." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 128, no. 4 (2008): 468–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.128.468.

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SONETAKA, Mayumi, and Mitsutoshi YAMAMOTO. "PWM Converter for Electric Railways." Journal of The Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan 130, no. 8 (2010): 532–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejjournal.130.532.

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Viriya, Pichetjamroen, Hisao Kubota, and Kouki Matsuse. "New PWM-Controlled GTO Converter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics PE-2, no. 4 (October 1987): 373–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.1987.4307874.

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Ahmad, Faroze, and G. Mohiuddin Bhat. "Design and Implementation of PCM-to-PWM Data Converter." International Journal of Computer Applications 93, no. 10 (May 16, 2014): 32–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/16253-5863.

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Zheng, Hong, Yue Lei Shi, and Hang Hui Zhang. "Continuous PWM Modulation Strategy for NPC/H and H Bridge Hybrid Multilevel Converter." Advanced Materials Research 748 (August 2013): 510–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.748.510.

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f the ratio of NPC/H and H bridge hybrid multilevel converters DC supply voltage changed, the output voltage PWM waveform will be discontinuous. Thus an improved topology and control strategy is proposed. In new method, master converter operates at the fundamental frequency based on command voltage, slave converter adopts carrier phase shifted PWM technology (CPS-SPWM) at a higher frequency to enhance the quality of output voltage waveform. The amplitude of command voltage is higher than output voltage amplitude of the master converter at any time, to ensure that output voltage variation of both converters keeps in the same direction without any current flow backwards. Matlab simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy and topology.

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Li, Zhong Qun, Kai Xie, Ying Hao Ye, Rong Bin Guo, and Xu Fei Wang. "Reconstruct the PWM Signal of Switching Power Supplies from the Near Field Radiation." Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (July 2013): 1792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.1792.

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A non-contact testing method is proposed for encapsulation treated or insulation coated switching power supplies, which is implemented by reconstructing the pulse width modulation (PWM) signal of switching converters from the near field radiation of magnetic components. The radiation pattern of a buck converter is investigated, and the magnetic field sensing probe and PWM signal reconstruction circuit are also illustrated. The reconstruction testing is carried out on a buck converter; the duty cycle error of the reconstructed PWM signal is less than 0.2%, which validates the proposed method.

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Song, Min-Sup, In-Ho Cho, and Jae-Bum Lee. "± 180° Discontinuous PWM for Single-Phase PWM Converter of High-Speed Railway Propulsion System." Energies 13, no. 7 (March 26, 2020): 1550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071550.

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As high-capacity alternating current/direct current (ac/dc) power conversion systems, single-phase pulse-width modulation (PWM) converters used in high-speed railway propulsion systems adopt high-voltage Insulated-Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) as switching elements. Due to their high breakdown voltage characteristics, the switching dynamics are inferior to those of low-voltage IGBTs and switching losses are more dominant than conduction losses despite operating at relatively low switching frequencies of hundreds to several kHz. To solve this problem, this paper proposes ± 180° discontinuous PWM (DPWM) suitable for a single-phase circuit. With the simple addition of offset voltages, the proposed DPWM method can be implemented easily and switching losses can be reduced by half by clamping the switching legs of the H-bridge converter to the positive or negative dc rail during every half cycle. In addition, temperature deviation between the power stacks can be minimized by using selective application of clamping modes. The validity and effectiveness of the proposed DPWM are verified through simulations and experiments of a prototype converter.

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Zhang, Hui, and Zhaojing Wu. "PWM-Based Finite-Time Tracking of Switched Buck Power Converters." Complexity 2020 (June 30, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5352306.

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In this paper, the problem of finite-time tracking is investigated for switched buck power converters based on the pulse width modulation (PWM) technique. For the continuous model, an equivalent continuous controller is solved by the backstepping technique, such that all signals are finite-time stable. PWM-based finite-time tracking with the equivalent control input is proposed for the switched buck converter, such that the tracking error converges to an arbitrarily small neighborhood of the origin in finite time, and the origin of the closed-loop system is practically finite-time stable. Simulation results are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed schemes.

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Turhan, Mert, Juan C. Castellanos, Marcel A. M. Hendrix, Jorge L. Duarte, and Elena A. Lomonova. "Multiple-Output DC-DC Converters with a Reduced Number of Active and Passive Components." Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications 9, no. 3 (September 18, 2019): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jlpea9030028.

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Multiple-output converters have been widely used where individual outputs are required. Compared with conventional separate converters, the advantage of multiple outputs is to have a lower number of active and passive components. In this paper, first, a pulse-width-modulation (PWM)-pulse-frequency-modulation (PFM) method is used for two-output converters that have only one coil and one active switch. Secondly, three-output converter topologies are proposed where the third output is controlled by phase delay (PD). These converters need only two coils and two active switches to regulate three outputs. How to obtain PD at different switching frequencies is discussed next, and a PWM-PFM-PD controlled five-output buck converter is presented. The proposed solution uses only two active switches and two magnetic cores to adjust five-output voltages independently. A modeling and digital control method are proposed in order to regulate the five output voltages. A prototype circuit with independent 15 V/1.5 A, 12 V/1.5 A, 5 V/0.8 A, −5 V/0.6 A and 3.3 V/0.45 A outputs is assembled to validate the analysis, and it was proved that it regulates the output voltages at different loads.

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He, Yi Hong, and Shui Yong Yu. "Research on a New Type of Plating Power Supply." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 3518–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.3518.

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Viewing the problems of lower power factor, high harmonic content, lots of switch losses in tubes of lagging bridge arm when using FB-ZVS-PWM converter in plating power supply, this paper applied the three-level PWM rectifier technology to electroplating power supply, A new converter has been researched. Both different converters have also been compared and analyzed. Phase shift pulse generator and simulation models have been established in Matlab/Simulink. The results show that the PS-FB-ZVZCS PWM converter is more suitable for plating power supply, phases of current and voltage are synchronous, it has the advantages of higher power factor, low harmonic content. All the switch tubes have achieved soft switch, reducing the switch losses, it can improve the efficiency and its performance effectively.

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Tasi-Fu Wu and Yu-Kai Chen. "Modeling PWM DC/DC converters out of basic converter units." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 13, no. 5 (September 1998): 870–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/63.712294.

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Sayed, Khairy, and Ahmed G. Abo-Khalil. "An Interleaved Two Switch Soft-Switching Forward PWM Power Converter with Current Doubler Rectifier." Electronics 11, no. 16 (August 15, 2022): 2551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11162551.

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Forward converters have been broadly used in the power supply industry due to their simplicity, worthy efficiency, and low cost. A novel prototype soft-switched zero-voltage and zero-current ZVZC PWM DC-DC power converter with low voltage/current stresses is introduced for telecommunication power feeding in this paper. A new two-switch interleaved forward converter circuit is introduced to minimalize current circulation with no supplementary auxiliary snubber circuits. This converter circuit includes some outstanding benefits such as reduced components, improved efficiency, high power density and economic circuit configurations for high power conditioning applications. The simple operation principle is demonstrated on the basis of steady-state analysis. Furthermore, the effective feasibility of the proposed circuit topology is evaluated and verified practically for a 500 W–100 kHz prototype breadboard. The operation principle and steady-state characteristics are demonstrated from a theoretical point of view. To verify the practical effectiveness of the proposed power converter, a 500 W–100 kHz prototype converter using ultrafast IGBTs is implemented for a distributed telecommunication energy plant. The studied soft-switching converter is evaluated in comparison with the previously-proposed PWM converters in terms of voltage, current stresses, and operating efficiency.

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Nusair, Khaled, Feras Alasali, William Holderbaum, Arangarajan Vinayagam, and Asma Aziz. "High Hybrid Power Converter Performance Using Modern-Optimization-Methods-Based PWM Strategy." Electronics 11, no. 13 (June 27, 2022): 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11132019.

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Recently, interest in DC networks and converters has increased due to the high number of applications in renewable energy systems. Consequently, the importance of improving the efficiency of the hybrid converters has been highlighted. An optimal control strategy is a significant solution to handle the challenges of controlling the hybrid interleaved boost–Cuk converter. In this article, a modern-optimization-methods-based PWM strategy for a hybrid power converter is developed. In order to improve the performance of the hybrid converter, four modern optimization algorithms—namely, Manta ray foraging optimization (MRFO), Marine Predators Algorithm (MPA), Jellyfish Search Optimizer (JS), and Equilibrium Optimizer (EO)—are employed to minimize the input current ripple under different operation scenarios. The results of the proposed modern optimization algorithms have shown more efficient converter performance and balanced power-sharing compared with conventional strategies and the literature on optimization algorithms such as Differential Evolution (DE) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). In addition, the results of all operation cases presenting the proposed optimal strategy successfully reduced the input current ripple and improve the performance of power-sharing at the converter compared with the conventional methods.

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TAHAMI, FARZAD, and BEHROOZ MOLAEI. "PIECEWISE AFFINE SYSTEM MODELING AND CONTROL OF PWM CONVERTERS." Journal of Circuits, Systems and Computers 16, no. 01 (February 2007): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218126607003526.

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The averaged switch modeling approach is a powerful method for representing the behavior of a wide variety of converters through equivalent circuits. The model is not linear and it is common to perform a small signal linearization about an operating point and design a linear controller. Models obtained with such method involve considerable approximation and produce results that are limited for high performance controller designs. In this paper a piecewise affine approximation technique is introduced for modeling PWM converters. This model is much more precise in predicting the dynamic response of averaged nonlinear model comparing the linear model. This paper also presents a piecewise linear controller synthesis method for PWM converters described by the proposed PWA model. The proposed controller is very efficient and effective. The design method is well suited for converters having a wide range of variation about their operating point. A simulation example on buck-boost converter is presented to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method for modeling the dynamics of the converter and designing the appropriate controller.

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Uno, Masatoshi, Toshiki Shinohara, Yota Saito, and Akio Kukita. "Review, Comparison, and Proposal for PWM Converters Integrating Differential Power Processing Converter for Small Exploration Rovers." Energies 12, no. 10 (May 20, 2019): 1919. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12101919.

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Partial shading often appears on photovoltaic (PV) strings installed in small space probes, such as moon exploration rovers, due to their body structures, reducing the power yield of PV strings. Such partial shading issues can be precluded by differential power processing (DPP) converters. However, in addition to a main dc-dc converter, a DPP converter is required, increasing the system complexity and cost. In this paper, several kinds of integrated pulse width modulation (PWM) converters that can reduce the system complexity thanks to the integration are reviewed and are quantitatively compared in terms of the switch and magnetic component counts, and voltage conversion ratio. Based on the comparison and consideration from the perspectives of reliability, circuit volume, and voltage conversion requirement, a single-switch single-magnetic integrated PWM converter with a resonant voltage multiplier (RVM) was selected as the best suitable topology for small exploration rovers. Furthermore, the improved version with a non-resonant voltage multiplier (NRVM) was also proposed to achieve further circuit miniaturization and improved reliability. The experimental verification tests using the proposed integrated PWM converter were performed emulating a partial-shading condition. The maximum power yield from the PV modules was improved by 11.1% thanks to the DPP function of the proposed integrated converter.

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Lin, Bor-Ren, and Ji-Wei Chang. "Analysis and Verification of a Wide Input Voltage PWM Converter with Variable Windings." Energies 13, no. 7 (April 2, 2020): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13071634.

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A three-leg pulse-width modulation converter with auxiliary windings is provided and investigated to realize wide voltage operation and zero voltage switching characteristics on power switches. The presented converter has three converter legs on the input-side and two sets of winding turns on the output-side. Owing to the on/off states of the three converter legs and the two sets of secondary winding turns, the proposed converter can be operated under three different equivalent circuits to have wide input voltage operation from 30V ~ 240V (Vin,max = 8Vin,min). Compared with the multi-stage converters to realize wide input voltage operation, the proposed circuit topology has fewer circuit components and a simple control algorithm. Conventional duty cycle control with phase-shift between each converter leg is adopted to regulate load voltage and also accomplish zero voltage switching on active switches. The presented three-leg converter is tested with a laboratory circuit. Finally, experiments testify to the performance and validity of the presented converter.

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Zhen, Shaowei, Bo Zhang, Ping Luo, Sijian Hou, Jingxin Ye, and Xiao Ma. "A digitally controlled PWM/PSM dual-mode DC/DC converter." Journal of Semiconductors 32, no. 11 (November 2011): 115007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/32/11/115007.

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Alhamrouni, Ibrahim, M. R. Bin Hamzah, Mohamed Salem, Awang Jusoh, Azhar Bin Khairuddin, and Tole Sutikno. "A bidirectional resonant converter based on wide input range and high efficiency for photovoltaic application." International Journal of Power Electronics and Drive Systems (IJPEDS) 10, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 1469. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijpeds.v10.i3.pp1469-1475.

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<span lang="EN-US">This work highlights a modular power conditioning system (PCS) in photovoltaic (PV) applications which consists with a DC-DC converter. The converter is able to regulate and amplify the input DC voltage produced by the PV panal. The implementation of Mosfet as bidirectional switch on the converter yields greater conversion ratio and better voltage regulation than a conventional DC-DC step up converter and PWM resonant converter. It also reduces the switching losses on the output DC voltage of the converter, as the MOSFET switches on primary winding of converter switch on under ZVS conditions. The proposed resonant converter has been designed, with the modification of series resonant converter and PWM boost converter that utilizes the high frequency of AC bidirectional switch to eliminate the weaknesses of used converters. The topology of the proposed converter includes the mode of operations, designing procedure and components selection of the new converter elements. This topology provides a DC output voltage to the inverter at range of about 120Vac-208 Vac. </span>

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Chen, Xunjun, and Zhigang Liu. "Impedance Modeling and Stability Analysis of the Converters in a Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-Based System." Energies 12, no. 13 (June 28, 2019): 2500. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12132500.

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Harmonic stability of double-fed induction generators (DFIGs) now has become a significant topic because of its harmful impact on power quality issues of the system. Since the double pulse width modulation (PWM) converter is one of the main harmonic sources in DFIGs, it may cause harmonic instability with increasing harmonic contents. Thus, the modeling and stability analyses of PWM converters in DFIGs are essential steps to assess the harmonic stability of DFIGs. Aiming at dual PWM converters, which include the grid side converter (GSC) and the rotor side converter (RSC), this paper divides converters into two parts: circuit modules and control modules. Closed-loop input impedance models of each module are then derived by means of transfer functions. Hence, the stability of the system can be readily predicted through Nyquist diagrams. The contributions of parameters to the system’s harmonic stability are also identified. Finally, time-domain simulations are conducted in a real-time digital simulation (RTDS) system. Simulation results confirm that the established impedance model can effectively reveal the stability of the DFIG-based system and can give critical conditions for the occurrence of harmonic instability.

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Hasan, Khairul Nisak Md, Aida Syafiqah Ahmad, and Zainul Azhar Zakaria. "Interleaved 4-Phases DC/DC Converter for Electric Scooter to Improve Efficiency." MATEC Web of Conferences 225 (2018): 03013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201822503013.

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This paper presents the design of an Interleaved DC/DC Boost Converter for the implementation of an Electric Scooter. The output of the power converter can be controlled using the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) switching technique to boost 12V battery supply to power a 24V Brushed DC Motor with improved efficiency compared to conventional converters. The design of the power converter was calculated for different number of interleaving phases. The simulation is carried out using MATLAB/Simulink for 2, 3, 4, 6 and 8-phases interleaved converters to compare their performances. The 4-phase is selected due to its advantage and further implemented in the prototype. PWM output switching frequency is set to 25 kHz with 4 signals of 90° phase shift to each other. The testing on a complete prototype was carried out.

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30

Aouani, Nedia, and Carlos Olalla. "Robust LQR Control for PWM Converters with Parameter-Dependent Lyapunov Functions." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 26, 2020): 7534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217534.

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This paper presents a novel framework for robust linear quadratic regulator (LQR)-based control of pulse-width modulated (PWM) converters. The converter is modeled as a linear parameter-varying (LPV) system and the uncertainties, besides their rate of change, are taken into account. The proposed control synthesis method exploits the potential of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs), assuring robust stability whilst obtaining non-conservative results. The method has been validated in a PWM DC–DC boost converter, such that it has been shown, with the aid of simulations, that improved robustness and improved performance properties can be achieved, with respect to previously proposed approaches.

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31

Gasiyarov, Vadim, Andrey Radionov, and Alexander Maklakov. "Converter with selective harmonic elimination PWM." Electrotechnical Systems and Complexes, no. 1(34) (March 25, 2017): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18503/2311-8318-2017-1(34)-4-9.

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32

Fukuda, Shoji, and Noboru Takada. "PWM technique for current source converter." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 108, no. 12 (1988): 1099–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.108.1099.

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33

Oyama, Jun, Xiaorong Xia, Tsuyoshi Higuchi, Eiji Yamada, and Takashi Koga. "Distortion Analysis of PWM Matrix Converter." IEEJ Transactions on Industry Applications 116, no. 4 (1996): 404–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejias.116.404.

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34

Mwinyiwiwa, B. M. M., P. M. Birks, and B. T. Ooi. "Delta-modulated buck-type PWM converter." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 28, no. 3 (1992): 552–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.137435.

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35

Braun, D. H., T. P. Gilmore, and W. A. Maslowski. "Regenerative converter for PWM AC drives." IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 30, no. 5 (1994): 1176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/28.315227.

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36

Vorperian, V., and W. T. McLyman. "Analysis of a PWM-resonant converter." IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems 33, no. 1 (January 1997): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/7.570734.

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37

Park, Ki-Bum, Chong-Eun Kim, Gun-Woo Moon, and Myung-Joong Youn. "PWM Resonant Single-Switch Isolated Converter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 24, no. 8 (August 2009): 1876–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2009.2017264.

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38

Ching-Jung Tseng and Chern-Lin Chen. "On the ZVT-PWM Cuk converter." IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 45, no. 4 (1998): 674–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/41.704898.

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39

Fukuda, Shoji, and Noboru Takada. "PWM control of current source converter." Electrical Engineering in Japan 109, no. 5 (September 1989): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eej.4391090509.

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40

Sato, Yusuke, Masatoshi Uno, and Hikaru Nagata. "Nonisolated Multiport Converters Based on Integration of PWM Converter and Phase-Shift-Switched Capacitor Converter." IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 35, no. 1 (January 2020): 455–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tpel.2019.2912550.

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41

Pastor, Marek, Milan Lacko, Jaroslav Dudrik, and Adrian Marcinek. "Soft-Switching Full-Bridge DC-DC Converter with Energy Recovery Capacitor Snubber." Energies 16, no. 4 (February 5, 2023): 1591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041591.

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This paper describes a high-frequency soft-switching dc-dc converter with a simple energy recovery capacitor snubber on the secondary side. The presented dc-dc full-bridge converter with the energy recovery snubber removes the main drawbacks of the classic Phase Shifted PWM (PS-PWM) dc-dc converter, e.g., the circulating current flowing during the free-wheeling interval and dependency of the soft switching on the load current. The converter utilizes a full-bridge topology with pulse-width modulation and a centre-tapped full-wave controlled rectifier with one active switch. The zero-voltage switching on the primary side is ensured by utilising only the magnetizing current of the high-frequency transformer, and thus is load-independent. The proposed energy recovery snubber is described in detailed time waveforms of the converter and verified by simulation. The control algorithm also removes the circulating current, which is typical for PS-PWM converters. The soft-switching of the secondary side transistor is achieved by a simple capacitor snubber with an energy-recovery circuit connected to the output of the dc-dc converter. The principle of operation is verified by measurements on a 2 kW, 50 kHz laboratory model of the proposed dc-dc converter.

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Charin, Chanuri, Nur Fairuz Mohamed Yusof, Mazwin Mazlan, and Noor Haqkimi Adb Rahman. "A Soft Switching Full-Bridge DC-DC Converter with Active Auxiliary Circuit." Applied Mechanics and Materials 793 (September 2015): 232–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.793.232.

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DC-DC converters are widely used in many applications such as power supplies, PV system, renewable energy systems and industrial applications. One of the main problems in dc-dc converters is the switching loss which affects efficiency and also the power density of the converter. To alleviate the switching loss problem this paper proposes novel soft switching PWM isolated dc-dc converters topology. The proposed full bridge dc-dc converter with active auxiliary circuit is designed and tested with full-bridge rectifier diode. The proposed converter is designed and evaluated in term of soft switching. In the proposed topology, the soft switching operations are achieved by charging and discharging process of the capacitor and additional switches. In the proposed topology, all the power switches operate under soft-switching conditions. Therefore, the overall switching loss of the power switches is greatly reduced. The output voltage of the converter is varied by PWM control. The effectiveness of the new converter topology is evaluated by experimental results of a laboratory scale down prototype. The obtained experimental results are found agreed with theoretical and soft switching is achieved.

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Cheng, Hung Liang, Chun An Cheng, Chao Shun Chen, and Kuan Lung Huang. "Design and Implementation of a Dimmable LED Driver with Low-Frequency PWM Control." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 2538–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.2538.

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This paper proposes a high-efficiency dimmable LED driver for light emitting diodes (LED). The developed LED driver consists of a full-bridge resonant converter and six buck converters. The function of the full-bridge resonant converter is to obtain a smooth dc-link voltage for the buck converters by phase-shift modulation (PSM) while that of the six buck converters is to drive six LED modules, respectively. The gate voltage of the active switch of each buck converter is a combination of high-frequency and low-frequency pulses. The duty ratio of the high-frequency pulse controls the LED voltage and thereby, controls the amplitude of LED current. LEDs are dimmed by low-frequency pulse-width modulation (PWM) to vary the average current flowing through LED. Circuit equations are derived and circuit parameters are designed. High circuit efficiency is ensured by operating the active switches at zero-voltage switching-on to reduce the switching loss. Finally, a prototype circuit was built to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed LED driver.

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Kumar, Akhilesh, Pradip K. Sadhu, and Jay Singh. "Implementation and Comparative Analysis of Time Equivalent Space Vector PWM Method for 3 Phase to 3 Phase Matrix Converter." Journal Européen des Systèmes Automatisés 54, no. 4 (August 31, 2021): 617–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.18280/jesa.540411.

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Nowadays, the matrix converter (MC) has become the prominent power converter. Its unique qualities like single-stage ac to ac conversion, bidirectional power flow, sinusoidal response, unity power factor, and no need for dc-link makes it superior among all power converters. This archival literature investigates the various pulse width modulation (PWM) methods and proposed a novel pulse width modulation (PWM) method named Time Equivalent space vector pulse width modulation. In this article this novel modulation method is compared with exiting carrier-based pulse width control and space vector control methods for a 3 phase to 3 phase matrix converters. Simulation model is built in Matlab and comparative analysis based on total harmonic distortion (THD) will be given for different methods. Simulation results revealed that total harmonic distortion (THD) of Time Equivalent space vector PWM is least so this novel method is best and more efficient in comparison to others.

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45

Rodríguez, Alma, Avelina Alejo-Reyes, Erik Cuevas, Francisco Beltran-Carbajal, and Julio C. Rosas-Caro. "An Evolutionary Algorithm-Based PWM Strategy for a Hybrid Power Converter." Mathematics 8, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 1247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math8081247.

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In the past years, the interest in direct current to direct current converters has increased because of their application in renewable energy systems. Consequently, the research community is working on improving its efficiency in providing the required voltage to electronic devices with the lowest input current ripple. Recently, a hybrid converter which combines the boost and the Cuk converter in an interleaved manner has been introduced. The converter has the advantage of providing a relatively low input current ripple by a former strategy. However, it has been proposed to operate with dependent duty cycles, limiting its capacity to further decrease the input current ripple. Independent duty cycles can significantly reduce the input current ripple if the same voltage gain is achieved by an appropriate duty cycle combination. Nevertheless, finding the optimal duty cycle combination is not an easy task. Therefore, this article proposes a new pulse-width-modulation strategy for the hybrid interleaved boost-Cuk converter. The strategy includes the development of a novel mathematical model to describe the relationship between independent duty cycles and the input current ripple. The model is introduced to minimize the input current ripple by finding the optimal duty cycle combination using the differential evolution algorithm. It is shown that the proposed method further reduces the input current ripple for an operating range. Compared to the former strategy, the proposed method provides a more balanced power-sharing among converters.

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John, Malte, and Axel Mertens. "HARMONIC DOMAIN MODEL OF AN OPEN-LOOP CONTROLLED PWM CONVERTER." Informatyka Automatyka Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 8, no. 2 (May 30, 2018): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0699.

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An harmonic domain model is developed for open-loop controlled voltage source inverters, which provides the steady-state solution for integer multiples of the fundamental frequency. The convolution of the switching function spectrum with the converter currents and voltages is used to describe the coupling of the AC side and the DC side. The modeling is based on a single phase leg and is extended to a single-phase and a three-phase voltage source inverter, which results in a non-linear algebraic equation system. For open-loop control the switching function is independent of the converter currents and voltages and the model is simplified to a linear equation system. This straightforward and fast model is verified by time domain simulations and experimental results. The modeling can be adapted to systems of coupled converters, which is presented for a back-to-back converter system showing the harmonic interaction of the connected subsystems.

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47

Li, Wen Yuan, and Jun Zhang. "PWM/PFM Dual-Mode Synchronous Boost DC-DC Regulator." Applied Mechanics and Materials 380-384 (August 2013): 3209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.380-384.3209.

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a novel peak current PWM/PFM dual-mode boost dc-dc regulator applying for neural signal regeneration is proposed in this paper. The converter can adaptively switch between pulse-width modulation (PWM) and pulse-frequency modulation (PFM) both with relatively high conversion efficiency. Soft-start circuit is designed to eliminate the surge current at the start up stage of the regulator, other protection modules are also contained. The paper analyzes the model and stability of the system. The operation frequency of the regulator is 1MHz. The simulation results show the efficiency of the system is relatively high in PWM mode, up to 95%, in PFM mode it also has good efficiency.

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Chen, Yanfeng, Fan Xie, Bo Zhang, Dongyuan Qiu, Xi Chen, Zi Li, and Guidong Zhang. "Improvement of Stability in a PCM-Controlled Boost Converter with the Target Period Orbit-Tracking Method." Electronics 8, no. 12 (November 30, 2019): 1432. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics8121432.

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Thee peak-current-mode (PCM) control strategy is widely adopted in pulse width-modulated (PWM) DC-DC converters. However, the converters always involve a sub-harmonic oscillating state or chaotic state if the active duty ratio is beyond a certain range. Hence, an extra slope signal in the inductor-current loop is used to stabilize the operation of the converter. This paper presents a new technique for enlarging the stable range of PCM-controlled DC-DC converters, in which the concept of utilizing unstable period-1 orbit (UPO-1) of DC-DC converters is proposed and an implementation scenario based on the parameter-perturbation method is presented. With the proposed technique, perturbations are introduced to the reference current of the control loop, and the converters operating in a chaotic state can be tracked, and thus be stabilized to the target UPO-1. Therefore, the stable operating range of the converters is extended. Based on an example of a PCM-controlled boost converter, simulations are presented as a guide to a detailed implementation process of the proposed technique, and comparisons between the proposed technique and techniques in terms of ramp compensation are provided to show the differentiation in the performance of the converter. Experimental results in the work confirm the effectiveness of the proposed technique.

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Ali, Muhammad, Ajmal Farooq, Muhammad Qasim Khan, Muhammad Mansoor Khan, and Lucian Mihet-Popa. "Analysis of Asymmetric Hybrid Modular Multilevel Topology for Medium-Voltage Front-End Converter Applications." Energies 16, no. 4 (February 4, 2023): 1572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16041572.

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Modular multilevel converters (MMCs) have been conceived as an alternative in front-end converter applications to enhance the converter system’s reliability, minimize total harmonic distortion, and improve power quality. These converters utilize several DC-link capacitors and power electronic switches, along with switches operating with high switching frequencies, to attain the desired characteristics. Thereby, this paper systematically proposes a novel three-phase asymmetric hybrid modular multilevel converter (AHMMC) for front-end converters used in lower-medium-voltage applications. The AHMMC configuration is based on a three-phase converter connected to a per-phase series arrangement with a cascaded converter module (CCM). The study investigates the AHMMC and proposes a control scheme, which minimizes the voltage range on switches and maintains the current to its reference value. Furthermore, the study also introduces an active balancing of voltage across DC-link capacitors based on the phase opposition disposition PWM (POD-PWM) method. Our new configuration has features such as low switching loss, reduced DC-link voltage, a wider modulation range for the unity power factor (PF), and low voltage and current harmonic distortion. The simulation results are added to verify the performance of the new AHMMC topology and the usefulness of the modular control scheme. In addition, a low-voltage laboratory prototype based on customized control and power boards is built to validate the proposed converter and its control scheme in practice.

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Jadidi, Saeedreza, Hamed Badihi, and Youmin Zhang. "Passive Fault-Tolerant Control Strategies for Power Converter in a Hybrid Microgrid." Energies 13, no. 21 (October 27, 2020): 5625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13215625.

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Control of AC/DC pulse-width modulation (PWM) power electronic converter, referred to as “AC/DC PWM converter”, is vital to the efficient regulation of power flow between AC and DC parts of a hybrid microgrid. Given the importance of such converters in AC/DC microgrids, this paper investigates the design of fault-tolerant control for AC/DC PWM converters in the presence of microgrid faults. In particular, two novel fault-tolerant schemes based on fuzzy logic and model predictive control are proposed and implemented in an advanced hybrid microgrid benchmark in MATLAB/Simulink environment. The considered hybrid microgrid consists of dynamic loads and distributed energy resources including solar photovoltaic arrays, wind turbines, and battery energy storage systems. The proposed schemes especially target the fault effects due to common power-loss malfunctions in solar photovoltaic arrays in the presence of microgrid uncertainties and disturbances. The effectiveness of proposed fault-tolerant control schemes is demonstrated and compared under realistic fault scenarios in the hybrid microgrid benchmark.

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Journal articles on the topic 'PWM Converter'

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