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1

Madi, Deepak, Basavaprabhu Achappa, Mridula Laxman, et al. "Multiple Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2013): 137–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8725.

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Multiple liver abscess is a life threatening condition with high mortality. We present a case of a 59 yr old gentleman who developed multiple hepatic abscesses due to an appendicular mass. He was treated with parenteral antibiotics and ultrasound guided needle aspiration of the largest abscess was done. He recovered promptly with complete resolution of the liver abscesses. The main aim of this case report is to highlight the fact that multiple pyogenic liver abscesses can be managed with antibiotic treatment and needle aspiration. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8725 Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(2) 2014: 137-139
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2

Achappa, Basavaprabhu, Deepak Madi, Mridula Laxman, et al. "Multiple Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (2013): 137–39. https://doi.org/10.71152/ajms.v5i2.3324.

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Multiple liver abscess is a life threatening condition with high mortality. We present a case of a 59 yr old gentleman who developed multiple hepatic abscesses due to an appendicular mass. He was treated with parenteral antibiotics and ultrasound guided needle aspiration of the largest abscess was done. He recovered promptly with complete resolution of the liver abscesses. The main aim of this case report is to highlight the fact that multiple pyogenic liver abscesses can be managed with antibiotic treatment and needle aspiration. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i2.8725 Asian Journal of Medical Science, Volume-5(2) 2014: 137-139
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3

Walwekar, Arun, Mrutyunjay Mirje, Namrata Balaraddiyavar, and Rekha Walwekar. "A prospective observational study of demographic profile in patients of amoebic and pyogenic liver abscesses in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 12, no. 2 (2023): 202–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20230387.

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Background: Liver abscesses, both amoebic and pyogenic, continue to be an important cause of morbidity and mortality in tropical countries. Pyogenic liver abscess is a serious, life-threatening condition with a high mortality rate that represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. In India, due to poor sanitary condition and a lower socioeconomic status, amoebiasis is endemic and amoebic liver abscess accounts for 3-9% of all cases of amoebiasis. Aim and objectives of current study was to study demographic profile in patients of amoebic and pyogenic liver abscesses. Methods: A detailed history was taken from each of these patients and all of them were subjected to a through clinical examination. Results: The highest incidence occurred in the age group 31-50 years; males were more commonly affected than females. Fever and pain abdomen were the most consistently occurring symptoms. All the patients with liver abscess had abdominal tenderness. 17 patients (74%) with liver abscess were alcoholics. 8 patients (80%) with amoebic liver abscess were alcoholic as compared to 9 patients (69%) in pyogenic liver abscess. Conclusions: Pyogenic organisms were most common cause of liver abscess.
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4

Gaut, Daria, Hannah Shull, Anthony Bejjani, and Daniel Kahn. "Hepatic Abscess in a Returning Traveler with Crohn’s Disease: Differentiating Amebic from Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Case Reports in Medicine 2018 (May 29, 2018): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9593865.

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Liver abscess is a rare but serious complication of Crohn’s disease. Patients with Crohn’s disease are at risk for pyogenic liver abscesses due to immunosuppressive therapy, fistulous disease, and intraabdominal abscesses. Inflammatory bowel disease patients are also known to have a greater prevalence of amebiasis compared to the rest of the population; however, a higher incidence of amebic liver abscess has not been reported. We describe a case of a liver abscess in a patient with Crohn’s disease that was initially presumed pyogenic but later determined to be amebic in origin. Epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of amebic and pyogenic liver abscesses are discussed.
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5

Hope, William W., Dennis V. Vrochides, William L. Newcomb, William W. Mayo-Smith, and David A. Iannitti. "Optimal Treatment of Hepatic Abscess." American Surgeon 74, no. 2 (2008): 178–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000313480807400219.

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Many treatment strategies have been proposed for pyogenic liver abscesses; however, the indications for liver resection for treatment have not been studied in a systematic manner. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the role of surgical treatment in pyogenic abscesses and to determine an optimal treatment algorithm. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients who had a pyogenic liver abscess at Rhode Island Hospital between 1995 and 2002. Abscesses and treatment strategies were classified into three groups each. The abscess groups included Abscess Type I (small <3 cm), Abscess Type II (large >3 cm, unilocular), and Abscess Type III (large >3 cm, complex multilocular). The treatment strategy groups included Treatment Group A (antibiotics alone), Treatment Group B (percutaneous drainage plus antibiotics), and Treatment Group C (primary surgical therapy). Descriptive statistics were calculated and χ2 used for comparison with a P < 0.05 considered significant. Our study consisted of 107 patients with pyogenic liver abscess. The success rate for small abscesses treated with antibiotics was 100 per cent. The success rate with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage for large, unilocular abscesses was 83 per cent and for large, multiloculated abscesses was 33 per cent. None of the 27 patients who had surgical therapy for large, multiloculated abscesses had recurrences. Surgical treatment for large (>3 cm), multiloculated abscesses had a significantly higher success rate than percutaneous drainage plus antibiotic therapy (33% versus 100%, P ≤ 0.01). The mortality rate for the percutaneous drainage plus antibiotic group was not significantly different from the primary surgical group (4.2% versus 7.4%, P = 0.40). We propose a treatment algorithm with small abscesses being treated with antibiotics alone; large, uniloculated abscess with percutaneous drainage plus antibiotics; and large, multiloculated abscessed treated with surgical therapy.
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6

Siroliya, Anshul, Mahendra Damor, and M. C. Songra. "Clinicopathological study on presentation, diagnosis and management of liver abscess in Bhopal region." International Surgery Journal 4, no. 8 (2017): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20173391.

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Background: This prospective observational study is carried out to study cases of liver abscess and to determine demographic profile, spectrum of clinical presentations, aetiology, laboratory investigations. The objective of the study was to evaluate efficacy of Ultrasonographic (radiological) studies in determining the aetiology and in differentiating from other liver pathologies which may change the treatment outcome, bacteriological and serological characteristics, to study the influence of alcohol, diabetics and immunocompromised diseases (esp. HIV) leading to increased incidence of liver abscess and to evaluate efficacy, recurrence rate, complications, morbidity and mortality, duration of hospital stay associated with different management Strategies.Methods: This prospective observational study was carried out in Department of Surgery, Gandhi Medical College Bhopal and Associated Hamidia Hospital, Bhopal between July 2015 to October 2016.Results: Amoebic abscess (74%) is more common than pyogenic abscess (26%). Amoebic abscess is common in the age group of 31-50 years (73%), pyogenic in the age group of 51-70 years (73.1%). Male preponderance is found in case of amoebic liver abscess (90.5%). Right lobe involvement in common. Right upper quadrant pain, tenderness and fever are the most common clinical features. Alcoholism is most common risk factor (71.6%) and diabetes mellitus has strong association with pyogenic liver abscess (15.4%). E coli (19.2%) and klebsiella (11.5%) are the most common organisms cultured. Medical therapy is more useful in case of amoebic liver abscess (58.1%) while catheter drainage is more useful in case of pyogenic liver abscess (61.5%). Pleuropulmonary complications are much more common and complications rate is more common among pyogenic group.Conclusions: In our study, alcohol was found to be the most common predisposing factor for liver abscesses (68%), this underpin the finding of other studies. Amoebic liver abscess is a medically treated common infection prevailing in unhygienic condition, affecting people mostly between 30-40 years of age whereas pyogenic liver abscess patient commonly falls between 50-70 years age group. Both liver abscesses show a male preponderance. The present study also corroborates the catheter drainage procedure as a superior modality in treating pyogenic liver abscess.
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7

Bouassria, Abdesslam, Hicham El Bouhaddouti, Ouadii Mouaqit, Abdelmalek Ousadden, Khalid Ait Taleb, and Elbachir Benjelloun. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess Caused by Acute Appendicitis: A Case Report." SAS Journal of Surgery 8, no. 10 (2022): 663–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.36347/sasjs.2022.v08i10.011.

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Pyogenic hepatic abscesses represent a pathology whose prevalence has increased in recent years. In the past, surgical treatment of pyogenic liver abscesses was the gold standard. Nowadays, percutaneous drainage has become the first-line treatment. We report the case of a pyogenic liver abscess caused by acute appendicitis. Our management consisted of a combined treatment: percutaneous drainage of the abscess followed by appendectomy.
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8

K. B., Vismaya, and Rihan Rashid. "An unusual case of tubercular liver abscess presenting as pericardial effusion." International Surgery Journal 11, no. 1 (2023): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20233939.

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Tropical nations like India frequently have liver abscess. They are typically amoebic or pyogenic abscesses. It can sporadically be a sign of hepatic tuberculosis (TB). Hepatic tuberculosis should be suspected in cases where the patient doesn’t present with typical complaints of pyogenic/amoebic abscess without response to commonly used antibiotics. Pyogenic/amoebic liver abscesses show the rare complication of rupture into the pericardium, especially if the abscess is left sided. However, a tubercular pericardial effusion presenting with rupture into the pericardium has rarely been reported. We present to you a case of tubercular pericardial effusion in a known diabetic patient secondary to ruptured liver abscess presenting to the emergency department with chief complaints of breathlessness, chest pain and bilateral pedal edema.
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9

VR, Luraschi Centurión, Miranda Vergara RM, Ruiz Diaz MA, and Kim R. "Hepatic Abscess Secondary to Appendiceal Phlegmon an Unusual Complication of Appendiceal Phlegmon." International Journal of Surgery & Surgical Techniques 8, no. 2 (2024): 1–5. https://doi.org/10.23880/ijsst-16000225.

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Liver Abscess is a focal supportive process, encapsulated collection filled with pus, infrequent, with moderate mortality of approx. 2-12% according to the literature. The pathogens responsible mainly belong to two groups, bacteria and parasites (Entamoeba Histolytica), and give rise to two types of liver abscesses, pyogenic and amoebic, respectively. The most common causes are abdominal infections, such as acute appendicitis, diverticulitis, inflammatory bowel disease, etc., or systemic infections such as bacterial endocarditis or manipulation of the biliary tract. A pyogenic liver abscess secondary to appendiceal plastron infection is a rare manifestation that has not been well illustrated in the literature. We analyzed a 65-year-old male patient who presented abdominal pain more than 2weeks with a palpable tumor in the right iliac fossa, fever, chills, diarrhea and weight loss and was found to have a pyogenic liver abscess that was suspected to be secondary to an abscessed tumor in the right colon, which turned out to be secondary to Appendicular Plastron. The purpose of this article is to describe a patient who presented notable clinical features and a rare cause of liver abscess, to assist in the diagnosis and treatment of future patients.
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10

Jaiswal, Shubham Suresh, Sowmya Nanjappa, and John N. Greene. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Infectious Diseases in Clinical Practice 25, no. 3 (2017): 155–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/ipc.0000000000000486.

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11

Yu, Chin-Wei, and Ching-Hsing Lee. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." New England Journal of Medicine 364, no. 12 (2011): 1154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejmicm1003533.

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12

Webb, Gwilym James, Thomas Patrick Chapman, Philip John Cadman, and David Angelo Gorard. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Frontline Gastroenterology 5, no. 1 (2013): 60–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/flgastro-2013-100371.

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13

Bowers, E. Diane, Dennis J. Robison, and Raymond C. Doberneck. "Pyogenic liver abscess." World Journal of Surgery 14, no. 1 (1990): 128–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01670563.

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14

Nazir, Noreen T., Joshua D. Penfield, and Victor Hajjar. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 77, no. 7 (2010): 426–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3949/ccjm.77a.09151.

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15

De Silva, G. N. N., and Kishani Pathirana. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Sri Lanka Journal of Child Health 30, no. 4 (2009): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/sljch.v30i4.835.

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16

Gundling, F., R. Secknus, M. Abele-Horn, and J. Mössner. "Pyogenic liver abscess." DMW - Deutsche Medizinische Wochenschrift 129, no. 31/32 (2004): 1685–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2004-829015.

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17

Zibari, Gazi B., Stephen Maguire, Donnie F. Aultman, Robert W. McMillan, and John C. McDonald. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Surgical Infections 1, no. 1 (2000): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/109629600321254.

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18

Egwuonwu, Steve, and William Chamberlin. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." American Journal of Gastroenterology 103 (September 2008): S272. http://dx.doi.org/10.14309/00000434-200809001-00693.

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19

Stain, Steven C. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Archives of Surgery 126, no. 8 (1991): 991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1991.01410320077010.

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20

Chu, Kent-Man. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Archives of Surgery 131, no. 2 (1996): 148. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archsurg.1996.01430140038009.

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21

Sharara, Ala I., and Don C. Rockey. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 5, no. 6 (2002): 437–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11938-002-0031-0.

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22

Olivera, Marco A., and David Kershenobich. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology 2, no. 2 (1999): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11938-999-0034-1.

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23

Longworth, Sarah, and Jennifer Han. "Pyogenic liver abscess." Clinical Liver Disease 6, no. 2 (2015): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cld.487.

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24

Cesar, Alberto Ortiz Orozco, Alejandra Martinez Glendy, María Zepeda Torres José, and Osuna Gutiérrez Felix. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess." International Journal Of Medical Science And Clinical Research Studies 02, no. 07 (2022): 707–10. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6926402.

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They predominate between the fifth and sixth decade of life, due to the higher incidence of neoplasms and complex biliary diseases, with higher incidence in countries with temperate climate. Most are secondary to biliary or gastrointestinal tract infection. It is often preceded by symptoms that vary from days to two to three weeks, with fever in 90% of patients, followed by hepatomegaly, attack of the general condition, weight loss, anorexia and vomiting and finally hepatodynia. Mortality rates vary in various series from 5 to 10% in North America and Europe to 3 to 30% worldwide. The difference probably lies in the pathology responsible for the condition. Mortality has been shown to be higher in older patients with multiple comorbidities, including cirrhosis, renal failure, sepsis and cancer. Patients treated with aspiration or percutaneous drainage have half the mortality of those treated with antibiotic therapy alone.
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25

Batabyal, Biswajit. "An overview on Pyogenic Liver Abscess." International Journal of Research and Development in Pharmacy and Life Sciences 6, no. 6 (2017): 2793–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/ijrdpl.2278-0238.2017.6(6).2793-2795.

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26

Deva, Anitha, K. Nischal, Asadulla Baig, and Beena PM. "Cryptogenic Liver abscess by Group F Streptococci: A rare Case report." JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES 08, no. 3 (2018): 103–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.58739/jcbs/v08i3.3.

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Cryptogenic pyogenic Liver abscess is a condition in which no predisposing foci of infection is found in any part of the body. Group F streptococci causing pyogenic Liver abscess and Cryptogenic pyogenic Liver abscess is rare and is found to be important because of its association with peritoneal and pelvic neoplasm. Timely diagnosis, treatment, and follow up is important in these cases to find out the associated pathology. Here, we report a case of Cryptogenic Pyogenic Liver abscess by Group F Streptococci.
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27

Bhutto, Abdul Rabb, Amanullah Abbasi, Shumaila Rafi, and Ali Hassan Abro. "Liver abscess: demographic, clinical, biochemical, imaging and microbial spectrum." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 7, no. 12 (2019): 4607. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195526.

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Background: Liver abscesses are localized suppurative destruction of liver tissue due to infections of either bacterial (Pyogenic) or protozoa (Amoebic). Historically; pyogenic liver abscess has been described since the time of hippocrates (400 BC). Despite the more aggressive approach to treatment, the mortality rate remained at 60-80%.Methods: This Cross-sectional analytical study carried out at Department of Medicine, Al-Tibri Medical College Hospital, Karachi, from June 2017 to December 2018. All participants of either gender with diagnosis of liver abscess were included in this prospective study. Patients with co morbidities like malignancy, autoimmune disease or on immunosuppressive treatment for any reason were excluded from the study. Following confirmation of the diagnosis; different characteristics of either type of liver abscess like demographic, clinical features, biochemical and imaging findings were evaluated.Results: Data of 73 subjects, 65(89.0%) males and 08(11.0%) females were analyzed with mean age was 45.42±14.518 years. Fifty-four (73.97%) patients had pyogenic liver abscess while amoebic liver abscess was found in 19(26.03%) subjects. Clinically, the most common symptom was abdominal pain, found in 66(90.4%) subjects, followed by fever in 61(83.6%), hepatomegaly in 47(64.4%), jaundice in 18(24.7%) and vomiting in 10(13.7%) cases. Demographics and clinical features are shown in (Table 1).Conclusions: Local trends have been changing and majority of liver abscess were of pyogenic liver abscesses. Clinically, clear differentiation between two types of abscesses is not possible always but few manifestations like typical symptoms, raised alkaline phosphatase and leucocytosis may be helpful.
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28

Pereira, Fausto E. L., Carlos Musso, and Jane S. Castelo. "Pathology of Pyogenic Liver Abscess in Children." Pediatric and Developmental Pathology 2, no. 6 (1999): 537–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100249900159.

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Little is known about preexisting lesions in livers of children with pyogenic liver abscess (PLA). Study of these lesions may elucidate possible predisposing factors for the disease. In Vitória, state of Espirito Santo, Brazil, PLA in children is frequently associated with helminthic infections and eosinophilia. We hypothesize that nematode infection with larvae migrating through the liver is a predisposing factor for PLA, because the infection induces immunomodulation and likely trapping of bacteria in liver granulomas. In this report, we describe observations of 22 cases of PLA in children studied at autopsy (16 cases) or in surgical biopsies (6 cases), including 17 boys and 5 girls ranging in age from 1 to 13 years (mean 4.6 years, median 3.5 years). Multiple abscesses in both lobes were found in 13 cases and a single abscess was found in the right lobe in 10 cases. All cases showed histologically classical pyogenic inflammation without morphological evidence of amoebiasis. In six cases there were granulomas similar to those caused by larva migrans visceralis (from Toxocara or other nematodes) in liver tissue not affected by the abscess. Nematode antigens in central areas of necrosis of granuloma in all six cases and fragments of a larva, possibly of Toxocara, were found on samples immunohistochemically stained with polyclonal anti- Toxocara antibodies. There were numerous eosinophils in abscesses with Charcot-Leyden crystals. Eosinophils were found frequently in portal triads far from the abscess wall. In four cases, in which bile duct ascariasis was found, worms were noted in the bile ducts, and eggs were found in liver parenchyma surrounding the abscess in two cases. Foreign-body granulomas were found in one case in which penetrating trauma was the cause of abscess. In one case there was one histiocytic granuloma whose origin was not determined. The observation of six cases of granuloma similar to larva migrans visceralis (or produced by other nematode larva) in liver tissue not directly affected by the abscess supports the hypothesis that helminth infections with larva migrating through the liver are a predisposing factor for pyogenic hepatic abscess in children.
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Thorat, Priyanka, Gita Nataraj, Rajeev Satoskar, and Sunil Kuyare. "Microbial Profile of Liver Abscess in Patients Attending Surgery Department at Tertiary Care Centre." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 10 (2023): 32–38. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11244141.

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<strong>Background:&nbsp;</strong>Worldwide, liver abscess is known disease commonly caused by parasitic origin (amoebic) in developing countries while pyogenic in developed countries.&nbsp; In this study, we wanted to evaluate the microbial spectrum of liver abscess, its etiological causes, the drug susceptibility pattern of the isolates from the liver abscess and the outcome of the disease.&nbsp;<strong>Materials and Methods:&nbsp;</strong>This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the Department of Microbiology among 90 patients diagnosed with a liver abscess in the Department of Surgery of a tertiary care hospital from January 2019 to June 2020.&nbsp;<strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>Amoebic liver abscess was the predominant (71%) etiological cause of the liver abscess. E. coli was the most common (11%) causative organism of pyogenic liver abscess. Middle-aged males were common and the majority of the patients belonged to poor socioeconomic status and were chronic alcoholics. The main symptoms were fever (89%) and abdominal pain (62%) with hepatomegaly (58%) as a common sign. Complications like rupture of an abscess (four cases), sepsis (four cases), chronic liver disease (two cases) and liver failure (two cases) were observed in the study. In this study, the management modality included starting patients on an initial empirical antimicrobial regime. Along with this minimally invasive abscess drainage was carried out in the majority of cases either by fine-needle aspiration (42%) or pigtail drainage (27%). Few complicated cases were required to be managed with open surgery (11%).&nbsp;<strong>Conclusion:&nbsp;</strong>In India, amoebic liver abscess remains the more common type of liver abscess as compared to pyogenic liver abscess. E.coli is the most common organism isolated among the pyogenic abscesses. Solitary right lobe abscess was the most common pattern in our study. Early and appropriate antimicrobial treatment and drainage of the abscess have resulted in an improved outcome of the disease. &nbsp; &nbsp;
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Dangi, Sunil Kumar, Ashok Kulhari, Ashok Parmar, and Ankita . "A study of clinical presentation, diagnostic difficulties and various treatment modalities of liver abscess." International Surgery Journal 5, no. 5 (2018): 1815. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20181589.

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Background: Liver abscess is an uncommon entity and over past 100 years dramatic changes in demographics, etiology, diagnosis and treatment occurred. The purpose of this study was to determine the clinico-etiological demographic profile of liver abscess by using radiological studies and to evaluate the outcome associated with different treatment strategies.Methods: A prospective study was conducted over a cohort of 50 patients presenting with liver abscess. Patients diagnosed with malaria, enteric fever, pyrexia of unknown origin, acute viral hepatitis, chronic liver diseases, or hepatomegaly due to any cause, were excluded from study. Results: The amebic liver abscess was found in 32 patients and pyogenic abscess in 18 patients. The age group ranges from 16 to 78 years with mean age of 38 years and the peak incidence is found in the 31-40 years age group for both types. The M: F ratio is 7:2 in pyogenic liver abscess and 13:3 in amebic. In the present study, the most common symptoms in both types of liver abscess were pain abdomen, loss of weight, anorexia, chills and rigor, vomiting and cough. The most common signs seen in both type liver abscess were tenderness, hepatomegaly and jaundice. In both types liver abscess, right lobe was affected more commonly, and single abscess was more common. Hb &lt;10 gm % is present in more than 50 % cases in both liver abscesses. The right dome of diaphragm elevation present in 75%-89% in both types of liver abscess. In pyogenic liver abscess group, patient had associated intra-abdominal infections. In amebic liver abscess group associated illness was not seen. Antibiotics alone used for small multiple abscesses and antibiotics with needle aspiration done for large abscess, are the main line of treatment in this series. Mortality was nil in present series.Conclusions: Liver abscesses are more common in males, alcoholics and immune-compromised patients. Percutaneous drainage with antibiotics treat majority of cases. The mortality from liver abscess has decreased but incidence appears to be increasing.
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31

Colovic, Radoje, Nikica Grubor, and Natasa Colovic. "Giant liver abscess due to almost asymptomatic common bile duct stone." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 130, no. 11-12 (2002): 406–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0212406c.

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Solitary pyogenic liver abscess is usually caused by a meta-static infection through the portal blood flow or through the hepatic arterial blood flow from extra-abdominal pyogenic foci. Besides, it may be the result of local inflammatory diseases, such as cholecystitis, hydatid cyst, haematomas particularly with retained foreign bodies, etc. Suppurative cholangitis usually causes multiple pyogenic liver abscesses. Solitary pyogenic abscess is rarely caused by cholangitis, but practically always by suppurative cholangitis. Giant pyogenic liver abscess due to asymptomatic or mild cholangitis is a rarity. We present on a 63 year old man who developed a giant solitary pyogenic liver abscess in whom no other possible cause could be found or anticipated except practically almost asymptomatic choledocholithiasis accompanied with mild elevation of bilirubin content alkaline phosphatase and gamma-GT. The patient was successfully treated operatively. Over 1800 ml. of pus was aspirated from the abscess cavity. Operative cholangiography performed in spite of the absence of gall bladder stones undilated and noninflamed common bile duct stone showed a small nonobstructing distal common bile duct stone. The duct was not dilated, the bile was clear and there were no signs of cholangitis in the inside of the common bile duct. Cholecystectomy and abscess cavity drainage led to uneventful recovery. The patient has been symptom-free for more than 3.5 years.
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32

Khim, Gaetan, Sokhom Em, Satdin Mo, and Nicola Townell. "Liver abscess: diagnostic and management issues found in the low resource setting." British Medical Bulletin 132, no. 1 (2019): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldz032.

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Abstract Introduction Liver abscesses are mainly caused by parasitic or bacterial infection and are an important cause of hospitalization in low-middle income countries (LMIC). The pathophysiology of abscesses is different depending on the etiology and requires different strategies for diagnosis and management. This paper discusses pathophysiology and epidemiology, the current diagnostic approach and its limitations and management of liver abscess in low resource settings. Sources of data We searched PubMed for relevant reviews by typing the following keywords: ‘amoebic liver abscess’ and ‘pyogenic liver abscess’. Areas of agreement Amoebic liver abscess can be treated medically while pyogenic liver abscess usually needs to be percutaneously drained and treated with effective antibiotics. Areas of controversy In an LMIC setting, where misuse of antibiotics is a recognized issue, liver abscesses are a therapeutic conundrum, leaving little choices for treatment for physicians in low capacity settings. Growing points As antimicrobial resistance awareness and antibiotic stewardship programs are put into place, liver abscess management will likely improve in LMICs provided that systematic adapted guidelines are established and practiced. Areas timely for developing research The lack of a quick and reliable diagnostic strategy in the majority of LMIC makes selection of appropriate treatment challenging.
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33

Sampath, Kumar. Ch Sai Krishna. M. Prashanth. N. Narender Boggula Rani Samyuktha Velamakanni*. "CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY AND MANAGEMENT OF LIVER ABSCESS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL." Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 05, no. 06 (2018): 5996–6009. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1302765.

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Liver abscess is an uncommon but potentially life threatening disease with significant morbidity and mortality. It is more frequent in the tropical regions like Indian subcontinent due to poor sanitary condition and overcrowding. The common etiological agents for LA are E. histolytica (amoebic), bacterial (pyogenic). Out of them Amoebic liver abscess is largely a disease of developing countries like India. There are many risk factors predisposing patients to liver abscess range from diabetes mellitus, cirrhosis and general immune-compromised state, use of proton pump inhibitor medications, gender and age. The aim of the study is to describe the clinical profile, microbial etiology and treatment approaches for the management of liver abscess. This is a prospective observational study conducted at Gandhi hospital, Secunderabad, Telangana, for a period of 6 months; about 60 patients who meet the study criteria were included in the study. The required data was collected from the patient proforma. 60 patients diagnosed with liver abscess were studied over a period of 6 months. There were 83% of patients are males (n = 50) and 17% were females (n = 10). Male to female ratio was 5:1. The age ranges from ranged from 10-90 years, mean age being 49.55 years. Majority of the patients are affected from the age group 51&ndash;60 years (26.66%) and 61&ndash;70 years (25%). Etiology of abscess was 76.70% amoebic and 23.30 % pyogenic. All the amoebic abscesses are solitary and majority of pyogenic are multiple (78.57%). The abscesses were predominantly in right lobe (70%). Most cases of amoebic etiology are reported from the age group 41&ndash;50 years (23.91%), where as pyogenic are reported from age group 61&ndash;70 years. The treatment of choice for PLA is a multi modal approach combining broad spectrum antibiotics and aspiration or drainage of abscess cavities. Amoebic liver abscess can be cured by metronidazole therapy without drainage. The key to successful outcome with both the approaches is early diagnosis and institution of appropriate therapy. Key words: Liver abscess, tertiary care hospital, management, etiology.
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Tan, NWH, B. Sriram, APA Tan-Kendrick, and VS Rajadurai. "Neonatal Hepatic Abscess in Preterm Infants: A Rare Entity." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 34, no. 9 (2005): 558–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.v34n9p558.

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Introduction and Objective: Neonatal pyogenic hepatic abscess in preterm infants is a rare entity. We present 6 cases of neonatal liver abscesses diagnosed in our hospital as well as an approach that will facilitate the early diagnosis and management of neonatal pyogenic liver abscess based on our case series and review of the literature. Materials and Methods: Retrospective review of case records of all 6 patients diagnosed with neonatal liver abscess from January 2000 to December 2002 in KK Women’s and Children’s Hospital, Singapore. Results: All neonates were premature with gestational ages between 24 and 34 weeks. Persistence of positive blood culture despite appropriate antibiotic treatment in 67% of the cases prompted use of hepatobiliary ultrasounds to detect liver abscess. Surgical drainage of liver abscess was performed in 33% of the cases, with the remainder treated conservatively with appropriate intravenous antibiotics. Half of the infants recovered with resolution of their liver abscess on serial hepatobiliary ultrasound. The other half died of fulminant sepsis. Conclusions: Neonatal pyogenic liver abscess, though rare, is associated with good outcome if diagnosed promptly and appropriate treatment instituted. In a preterm infant with sepsis, a high index of suspicion is required if there is persistence of positive blood culture despite appropriate antibiotic treatment, and hepatobiliary ultrasound should be done to detect and monitor neonatal liver abscess.
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35

Colovic, Radoje, Nikica Grubor, and Vladimir Radak. "Giant criptogenic pyogenic gas containing left liver abscess." Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo 136, no. 5-6 (2008): 292–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sarh0806292c.

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INTRODUCTION Pyogenic gas containing liver abscesses are rare. Less than 50 cases seem to have been described so far. Most of them were localised within the right liver. The majority of those abscesses appear in diabetic patients. CASE OUTLINE The authors present a 64-year old diabetic male patient in whom the investigation (US, CT, plain X-ray) performed for fever of unknown origin confirmed a giant liver gas containing abscess that destroyed almost the entire left liver. Escherichia coli sensitive to several antibiotics was isolated from the abscess. The patient was cured by surgical drainage, limited debridement, lavage, drainage and antibiotics. CONCLUSION Pyogenic gas containing liver abscesses are easy to diagnose nowadays. The type of surgical drainage has to be adapted to a particular patient.
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36

Bahloul, Mabrouk. "Multiple pyogenic liver abscess." World Journal of Gastroenterology 12, no. 18 (2006): 2962. http://dx.doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v12.i18.2962.

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37

Chong, Vui Heng. "Large Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Annals of Surgery 244, no. 1 (2006): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.sla.0000226517.55795.d2.

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38

SINGH, HARIQBAL, MANDEEP SAINI, VINAY MAURYA, and L. SATIJA. "AEROBIC PYOGENIC LIVER ABSCESS." Medical Journal Armed Forces India 57, no. 1 (2001): 80–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0377-1237(01)80104-0.

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39

Israeli, Rafi, Jose Ernesto Jule, and Jeffrey Hom. "Pediatric Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Pediatric Emergency Care 25, no. 2 (2009): 107–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/pec.0b013e318196fa9b.

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Tan, Yu-Meng, Alexander Yaw-Fui Chung, and Khee-Chee Soo. "Large Pyogenic Liver Abscess." Annals of Surgery 244, no. 1 (2006): 163–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00000658-200607000-00033.

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41

Gupta, Shyam K., Ashufta Rasool, Aamir H. Hela, Rohit Goel, and Zahur Hussain. "Clinical profile and management of pyogenic liver abscesses in a tertiary care hospital." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 8, no. 1 (2019): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195643.

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Background: Pyogenic Liver abscesses are potentially life threatening if left untreated. They pose a major Diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to modern world. Interventional radiology is becoming standard of care for liver Abscesses.Methods: All patients of pyogenic liver abscess admitted to Government Medical College and hospital Jammu, J and K, India from October 2018 to November 2019 were prospectively studied. Demographics, presentation, lab reports and management strategies were evaluated.Results: Total of 60 patients of pyogenic liver abscesses were studied with 81.7% males. Alcohol was found to be most common risk factor with 55% of patients being alcoholic. Right lobe of liver was involved in 66.7% of patients. Segment VI and VII were involved in 50% of patients. The most common clinical symptom was right upper quadrant pain (98.3%), followed by fever (91.7%). The most common clinical sign was right upper quadrant tenderness (91.7%). Percutaneous drainage with catheter placement was the most common and successful modality of management associated with least hospital stay.Conclusions: Pyogenic liver abscess is a rare but serious problem. Early diagnosis and treatment are necessary to avoid mortality. Percutaneous drainage along with I.V antibiotics is the best form of management.
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42

Bilal, Ahmad Lone, Verma Ajay, Afzal Ud Din Mohammad, and Ahmad Bhat Aijaz. "Management of Patients of Liver Abscess in a Tertiary Care Hospital an Observational Study." International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research 15, no. 2 (2023): 1242–49. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12895961.

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<strong>Background:&nbsp;</strong>Liver abscess is an uncommon condition that over past many years has seen changes in etiology diagnosis and treatment. With the advent of Laproscopy surgeons are now routinely performing drainage of liver abscess particularly pyogenic with safety and lesser time.&nbsp;<strong>Aim:</strong>&nbsp; To study the clinical features, radiological findings and microbiological profile of liver abscess patients and to study the efficacy and outcomes of percutaneous drainage of patients with pyogenic liver abscess.&nbsp;<strong>Methods:</strong>&nbsp;This study was conducted in Department of General Surgery of Alfalah School of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Dhauj, Faridabad, Haryana,45 patients with clinical and imaging (ultrasound and contrast enchased CT) features suggestive of pyogenic liver abscess and admitted to our department were included in the study based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Detailed history, physical examination, baseline investigations, ECG and chest x-ray, ultrasound whole abdomen, contrast enhanced CT of abdomen and pelvis was done, and patients were followed till discharge from hospital premises.&nbsp;<strong>Results:&nbsp;</strong>Majority (23/45) of our patients were not having any kind of known or preexisting morbidity at the time of admission to hospital, these patients accounted for 60% of our study population. Imaging with both ultrasound and contrast enhanced computed tomography was done in all patients, 24/45 patients i.e., 53.33% of patients were having abnormalities evident on CT and 21/45 patients i.e., 46.66% were having features of pyogenic abscess on ultrasonography. We followed guidelines-based treatment for management of pyogenic abscesses. Majority 23/45 of our patients were managed by pigtail drainage i.e., 51.11%. 17/45 patients were managed by IV followed by oral antibiotics making this category of patients 37.77% of our total sample population. Open surgical drainage was done in four patients (8.88%), two out of them were directly taken for surgical intervention and other two after failure of pigtail drainage. Only one patient had to undergo USG guided pigtail drainage after failure of IV antibiotic therapy.&nbsp;<strong>Conclusion:&nbsp;</strong>Abscess can lead to sepsis and significant morbidity and mortality for patients. Patients with abscess, especially deep abscess, can be critically ill. Image-guided percutaneous drainage is very beneficial for these patients as it allows for successful drainage of the abscess with minimally invasive techniques. General anesthesia can be avoided, which may reduce hospital stay and also decrease the cost of care. &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;
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Burch, Jacob, Shilpa Tatineni, Ikponmwosa Enofe, and Heather Laird-Fick. "Brevundimonas diminuta coinfection as source of pyogenic liver abscess." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 5 (2021): e236235. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-236235.

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Brevundimonas diminuta, a non-fermenting gram-negative bacterium, is emerging as an important multidrug resistant opportunistic pathogen. It has been described in cases of bacteremia, pleuritis, keratitis and peritoneal dialysis-associated peritonitis. We describe, for the first time, a case of pyogenic liver abscess caused by coinfection of B. diminuta and Streptococcus anginosus, and briefly review pyogenic liver abscesses and the literature regarding B. diminuta.
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LAMBERTUCCI, José Roberto, Abdunnabi Ahmed RAYES, José Carlos SERUFO, and Vandack NOBRE. "Pyogenic abscesses and parasitic diseases." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 43, no. 2 (2001): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46652001000200003.

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Parasitic diseases which during their course in the host switch the immune system from a T helper 1 to a T helper 2 response may be detrimental to the host, contributing to granuloma formation, eosinophilia, hyper-IgE, and increased susceptibility to bacterial and fungal infections. Patients and animals with acute schistosomiasis and hyper-IgE in their serum develop pyogenic liver abscess in the presence of bacteremia caused by Staphylococcus aureus. The Salmonella-S. mansoni association has also been well documented. The association of tropical pyomyositis (pyogenic muscle abscess) and pyogenic liver abscess with Toxocara infection has recently been described in the same context. In tropical countries that may be an interesting explanation for the great morbidity of bacterial diseases. If the association of parasitic infections and pyogenic abscesses and/or fungal diseases are confirmed, there will be a strong case in favor of universal treatment for parasitic diseases to prevent or decrease the morbidity of superinfection with bacteria and fungi.
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Ghosh, Soumik, Sourabh Sharma, A. K. Gadpayle, et al. "Clinical, Laboratory, and Management Profile in Patients of Liver Abscess from Northern India." Journal of Tropical Medicine 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/142382.

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Objective. To describe the clinical profile, microbiological aetiologies, and management outcomes in patients with liver abscess.Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted from May, 2011, to April, 2013, on 200 consecutive liver abscess patients at PGIMER and Dr. RML Hospital, New Delhi. History, examination, and laboratory investigations were recorded. Ultrasound guided aspiration was done and samples were investigated. Chi-square test and multivariate regression analysis were performed to test association.Results. The mean age of patients was 41.13 years. Majority of them were from lower socioeconomic class (67.5%) and alcoholic (72%). The abscesses were predominantly in right lobe (71%) and solitary (65%). Etiology of abscess was 69% amoebic, 18% pyogenic, 7.5% tubercular, 4% mixed, and 1.5% fungal. Percutaneous needle aspiration was done in 79%, pigtail drainage in 17%, and surgical intervention for rupture in 4% patients. Mortality was 2.5%, all reported in surgical group. Solitary abscesses were amoebic and tubercular whereas multiple abscesses were pyogenic (P=0.001). Right lobe was predominantly involved in amoebic and pyogenic abscesses while in tubercular abscesses left lobe involvement was predominant (P=0.001).Conclusions. The commonest presentation was young male, alcoholic of low socioeconomic class having right lobe solitary amoebic liver abscess. Appropriate use of minimally invasive drainage techniques reduces mortality.
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46

R., Kumar, H. "An Update on Current Management of Liver Abscess: Review Article." SAR Journal of Surgery 6, no. 02 (2025): 10–14. https://doi.org/10.36346/sarjs.2025.v06i02.001.

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Liver abscess is a rare condition that can be divided into amoebic liver abscess and pyogenic liver abscess. The diagnosis is confirmed by performing an ultrasound or computerized tomography. The management of liver abscesses has seen a trend toward minimally invasive procedures like percutaneous drainage and intravenous antibiotics. Percutaneous drainage can be divided into percutaneous catheter drainage and percutaneous aspiration. Surgical drainage can be divided into open and laparoscopic drainage. In this chapter, we will look at the management of liver abscesses, especially the role of percutaneous drainage, which includes percutaneous catheter drainage, percutaneous aspiration, and surgical drainage.
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47

Igbinedion, Samuel, Meher S. Mavuram, Moheb Boktor, and John Bienvenu. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess Caused by Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in a 21-Year-Old Male." Case Reports in Hepatology 2018 (June 19, 2018): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/9868701.

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Liver abscesses are the most common types of visceral abscesses. Pyogenic liver abscesses, a particular type of liver abscesses, are uncommonly encountered. We present a rare case of pyogenic liver abscess caused by methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus in a young man. A 21-year- old man presented from prison to the hospital with fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain for five days. Labs were significant for leukocytosis with predominant neutrophilia and elevated liver enzymes. CT abdomen with contrast revealed an 8.4 cm multiloculated right hepatic mass extending to the kidney. Patient was started on broad spectrum antibiotics, given septic presentation. Peripheral blood cultures returned positive for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The culture from percutaneous drainage also revealed MSSA. He received a total of four weeks of IV Nafcillin therapy along with drainage of his abscess via percutaneous catheter. Follow-up revealed clinical resolution. This case highlights the importance of obtaining an aspirate from the liver abscess to better guide treatment strategy. Clinicians must consider broadening antibiotic coverage to include gram-positive organisms if the patient presents with severe illness and risk factors for Staphylococcus aureus infections.
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48

Lai, Shih-Wei. "Pyogenic Liver Abscess, Empyema and Splenic Abscess." American Journal of the Medical Sciences 358, no. 3 (2019): 244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.amjms.2019.05.002.

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49

Kumar H. R., Soma M., and Saw M. O. "Current Management of Liver Abscess: A Narrative Review." Asian Journal of Medicine and Health 21, no. 12 (2023): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2023/v21i12959.

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Liver abscess can be divided into pyogenic and amoebic liver abscess. The common organisms that cause pyogenic liver abscess include Escherichia Coli, with amoebic liver abscess being caused by Entamoeba histolytica. The diagnosis is made by ultrasound, computerized tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging of the liver. The treatment can be divided into medical therapy which involves percutaneous drainage and intravenous antibiotics, and surgical therapy which includes surgical drainage either by open or laparoscopic surgery. Surgical drainage is indicated for patients who have failed medical therapy. We have conducted this review article to look at the current management of liver abscess with regards to the role of percutaneous drainage and surgical drainage.
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Venugopal, Vivek, Asik Ikbal Mazumder, and Dipankar Pal. "Clinical insights into liver abscess: a comprehensive analysis of presentation, etiology and management in Northeastern India, Silchar, Assam." International Surgery Journal 11, no. 5 (2024): 769–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20241138.

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Hepatic abscess is a prevalent disease in Northeastern India with a myriad clinical feature. The present study is aimed to understand the clinical profile, microbiological aetiologies, and management outcomes in patients with hepatic abscesses in Northeastern India, Silchar. In the surgery department of Silchar medical college and hospital, 20 cases of hepatic abscess were studied from January 2022 to October 2023. Records were kept for history, examination, and laboratory investigations. Ultrasound-guided aspiration of the abscess was done, and samples were subject to relevant investigation. The mean age of patients was 33 years, 2/3rd of the patients were from lower socioeconomic status. Alcoholic history was elicited from 45% of the patients. The abscesses were predominantly in the right lobe (70%) and solitary (65%). Etiology of the cases, 55% amoebic, 40% pyogenic, and 5% were tubercular in origin. Pigtail catheterization was done in 70% of the patients; percutaneous needle aspiration was done in 25% of the cases. No cases of mortality were noted. Amoebic and tubercular abscess were solitary in nature whereas pyogenic abscesses were multiple. The amoebic and pyogenic abscess had right lobe predominantly affected whereas in tubercular abscesses left lobe involvement was more common. The most common presentation was young male of low socioeconomic status having solitary amoebic abscess usually in the right lobe of liver
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