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Journal articles on the topic 'Pyrolysis/gasification of waste plastics'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 21 February 2023

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1

Samuvel Michael, B., K. G. Muthurajan, and B. Samuvel Michael. "Performance Testing of VCR Engine using Plastic Oil Produced by Pyrolysis Method." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2040, no. 1 (2021): 012052. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2040/1/012052.

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Abstract Recycling is the retrieval, reclamation, reprocessing or refining process of waste to produce new products. Recycling has always been a top priority in waste management since it enables us not only to maintain the health of the environment, but also to reuse garbage profitably. Many techniques are utilised to transform plastic waste into articles that are not present in virgin plastic with distinctive features. Polymers undergo molecular and structural changes in this process leading to simpler basic materials with superior thermal properties than original plastics. While gasification

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2

Pilát, Peter, and Marek Patsch. "Utilization of the Energy Potential of Waste from the Automotive Industry." MATEC Web of Conferences 369 (2022): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202236903004.

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Human life is inextricably linked to the generation of waste, whether at the municipal or industrial sphere. Waste is an important source of secondary raw materials and stored energy, which nowadays is advantageous to use. The most suitable way of waste recovery is its recycling and reuse. The share of waste that is unsuitable for recycling for various reasons is high, it currently exceeds the processing capacity of the Slovak Republic and is therefore deposited in landfills. The energy stored mainly in chemical bonds is therefore not used. The share of energy stored in this way is considerabl

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3

Sołowski, Gaweł, Marwa Shalaby, and Fethi Ahmet Özdemir. "Plastic and Waste Tire Pyrolysis Focused on Hydrogen Production—A Review." Hydrogen 3, no. 4 (2022): 531–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/hydrogen3040034.

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In this review, we compare hydrogen production from waste by pyrolysis and bioprocesses. In contrast, the pyrolysis feed was limited to plastic and tire waste unlikely to be utilized by biological decomposition methods. Recent risks of pyrolysis, such as pollutant emissions during the heat decomposition of polymers, and high energy demands were described and compared to thresholds of bioprocesses such as dark fermentation. Many pyrolysis reactors have been adapted for plastic pyrolysis after successful investigation experiences involving waste tires. Pyrolysis can transform these wastes into o

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4

Brems, Anke, Jan Baeyens, and Raf Dewil. "Recycling and recovery of post-consumer plastic solid waste in a European context." Thermal Science 16, no. 3 (2012): 669–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci120111121b.

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The disposal of waste plastics has become a major worldwide environmental problem. The USA, Europe and Japan generate annually about 50 million tons of post-consumer plastic waste, previously landfilled, generally considered as a non-sustainable and environmentally questionable option. Landfill sites and their capacity are, moreover, decreasing rapidly, and legislation is stringent. Several European Directives and US legislation concern plastic wastes and the required management. They are briefly discussed in this paper. New processes have emerged, i.e., advanced mechanical recycling of plasti

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5

Wu, Chunfei, and Paul T. Williams. "Hydrogen from waste plastics by way of pyrolysis–gasification." Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Waste and Resource Management 167, no. 1 (2014): 35–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/warm.13.00006.

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6

Dewangan, Akhilesh Kumar, Isham Panigrahi, and R. K. Paramguru. "An Investigation of a Hybrid Plasma Gasification System for Various Waste Plastics Thermochemical Degradation in the Fuel Extraction Process." Nature Environment and Pollution Technology 21, no. 3 (2022): 1097–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.46488/nept.2022.v21i03.015.

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Organic junk contamination is one of the serious environmental concerns throughout today’s world. Heavy usage of throwaway plastics devastates nature by obstructing rainwater drainage. From constant exposure to sunlight and warmth, plastics release hazardous gasses into the atmosphere. To reflect the vastly increased amount of various waste plastics, a scaled hybrid plasma gasification reactor is being introduced, which uses an advanced pyrolysis process to break down the plastic waste. The design is simple, transportable, easy to handle, and required very little repair work on long-period usa

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7

Miyazawa, Masayuki, and Takaaki Wajima. "Recycling Technology for Waste Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (GFRP) Using Pyrolysis with NaOH." Materials Science Forum 1023 (March 2021): 91–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1023.91.

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Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) are composite materials with high strength and flame retardancy, and the disposal process is expensive to cause illegal dumping. Therefore, new recycling technology of waste GFRP are desired. In this study, recycling of waste GFRP using pyrolysis with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) under an inert atmosphere was attempted by gasification of resin and conversion of glass fiber into soluble sodium silicate. The pyrolysis behavior of GFRP, the characteristics of the obtained residue, the composition and the yield of generated gas, and the silica extraction into the

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8

Shtefan, Ye, O. O. Seryogin, B. K. Ilienko, and Yu A. Chornyi. "PRACTICE OF ECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF WASTE DISPOSAL WITH ELEMENTS OF PRINTING DESIGN." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 3 (October 1, 2022): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.3.2022.06.

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The problem of disposal of municipal solid waste (MSW) is considered, taking into account the presence of inclusions in them in the form of paint and varnish coatings of printing design. It is shown that their disposal, given that more than 90 % of MSW have such inclusions, requires sound technological solutions. It is shown that the main problem is the disposal of “mixed waste”, which covers all plastic packaging waste from household waste and includes rigid and flexible products from various types of polymers and colors, which are usually created with a print design element. It is proposed t

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9

Zhang, Xueying. "Challenges of increased usage of plastic during COVID and Possible Solutions." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 26 (December 30, 2022): 80–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v26i.3654.

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The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic spreaded at the beginning of 2020, which brings lots of changes to our living habits The massive use of plastic products such as gloves, masks, protective clothing, and test kits put pressure on plastic waste treatment. There is not much research focused on plastic wastes that are generated during COVID and their treatment methods. This article discusses plastic waste in two aspects. The first is the damage of untreated plastic to the environment. The other is the analysis of current treatment methods for plastic and their advantage and disadvantages

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10

Al-Moftah, Ahmad Mohamed S. H., Richard Marsh, and Julian Steer. "Thermal Decomposition Kinetic Study of Non-Recyclable Paper and Plastic Waste by Thermogravimetric Analysis." ChemEngineering 5, no. 3 (2021): 54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemengineering5030054.

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The global net emissions of the Kyoto Protocol greenhouse gases (GHG), such as carbon dioxide (CO2), fluorinated gases, methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), remain substantially high, despite concerted efforts to reduce them. Thermal treatment of solid waste contributes at least 2.8–4% of the GHG in part due to increased generation of municipal solid waste (MSW) and inefficient treatment processes, such as incineration and landfill. Thermal treatment processes, such as gasification and pyrolysis, are valuable ways to convert solid materials, such as wastes into syngas, liquids, and chars, f

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11

Klavins, Maris, Valdis Bisters, and Juris Burlakovs. "Small Scale Gasification Application and Perspectives in Circular Economy." Environmental and Climate Technologies 22, no. 1 (2018): 42–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2018-0003.

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Abstract Gasification is the process converting solid fuels as coal and organic plant matter, or biomass into combustible gas, called syngas. Gasification is a thermal conversion process using carbonaceous fuel, and it differs substantially from other thermal processes such as incineration or pyrolysis. The process can be used with virtually any carbonaceous fuel. It is an endothermic thermal conversion process, with partial oxidation being the dominant feature. Gasification converts various feedstock including waste to a syngas. Instead of producing only heat and electricity, synthesis gas pr

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12

Yousef, Samy, Justas Eimontas, Nerijus Striūgas, and Mohammed Ali Abdelnaby. "Gasification kinetics of char derived from metallised food packaging plastics waste pyrolysis." Energy 239 (January 2022): 122070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122070.

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13

Wu, Chunfei, and Paul T. Williams. "Pyrolysis–gasification of plastics, mixed plastics and real-world plastic waste with and without Ni–Mg–Al catalyst." Fuel 89, no. 10 (2010): 3022–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2010.05.032.

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14

Weiland, Fredrik, Muhammad Saad Qureshi, Jonas Wennebro, et al. "Entrained Flow Gasification of Polypropylene Pyrolysis Oil." Molecules 26, no. 23 (2021): 7317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237317.

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Petrochemical products could be produced from circular feedstock, such as waste plastics. Most plants that utilize syngas in their production are today equipped with entrained flow gasifiers, as this type of gasifier generates the highest syngas quality. However, feeding of circular feedstocks to an entrained flow gasifier can be problematic. Therefore, in this work, a two-step process was studied, in which polypropylene was pre-treated by pyrolysis to produce a liquid intermediate that was easily fed to the gasifier. The products from both pyrolysis and gasification were thoroughly characteri

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15

Patni, Neha, Pallav Shah, Shruti Agarwal, and Piyush Singhal. "Alternate Strategies for Conversion of Waste Plastic to Fuels." ISRN Renewable Energy 2013 (May 20, 2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/902053.

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The present rate of economic growth is unsustainable without saving of fossil energy like crude oil, natural gas, or coal. There are many alternatives to fossil energy such as biomass, hydropower, and wind energy. Also, suitable waste management strategy is another important aspect. Development and modernization have brought about a huge increase in the production of all kinds of commodities, which indirectly generate waste. Plastics have been one of the materials because of their wide range of applications due to versatility and relatively low cost. The paper presents the current scenario of

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16

Kijo-Kleczkowska, Agnieszka, and Adam Gnatowski. "Recycling of Plastic Waste, with Particular Emphasis on Thermal Methods—Review." Energies 15, no. 6 (2022): 2114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15062114.

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The civilization development requires improvement of technologies and satisfaction of people’s needs on the one side, but on the other one it is directly connected with the increasing production of waste. In this paper, the authors dealt with the second of these aspects, reviewing the recycling of plastic waste, which can be processed without changing its chemical structure (mechanical recycling), and with changing its chemical structure (chemical recycling, of which thermal recycling). Mechanical recycling involves shredding the waste in order to obtain recyclate or regranulate that meets spe

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17

Gong, Yan Meng, Shu Zhong Wang, and Xing Ying Tang. "Co-Pyrolysis of Polyethylene Plastic and Cellulose as Models for Medical Waste in Supercritical Water." Advanced Materials Research 1010-1012 (August 2014): 952–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1010-1012.952.

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Co-pyrolysis of polyethylene plastic and cellulose as models for medical waste had been studied on a supercritical water batch reactor. The results show that temperature, reaction time, pressure and the mass ratio of water to organic matter have some degree impact on the conversion rate, oil yield and gasification efficiency. Conversion and gasification efficiency reached the maximum values at 440 °C. The content of H2 in the gaseous products rose significantly between 25 MPa~27 MPa. As reaction time increased, conversion and gasification efficiency increased, but oil yield decreased. The comp

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18

Madanikashani, Sepehr, Laurien A. Vandewalle, Steven De Meester, Juray De Wilde, and Kevin M. Van Geem. "Multi-Scale Modeling of Plastic Waste Gasification: Opportunities and Challenges." Materials 15, no. 12 (2022): 4215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15124215.

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Among the different thermo-chemical recycling routes for plastic waste valorization, gasification is one of the most promising, converting plastic waste into syngas (H2+CO) and energy in the presence of an oxygen-rich gas. Plastic waste gasification is associated with many different complexities due to the multi-scale nature of the process, the feedstock complexity (mixed polyolefins with different contaminations), intricate reaction mechanisms, plastic properties (melting behavior and molecular weight distribution), and complex transport phenomena in a multi-phase flow system. Hence, creating

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19

Wang, Na, Jinsong Hu, Zhongfu Tan, Jingru Li, Litong Dong, and Nian Mei. "Reorganization Reaction Characteristics between Different Volatile Content and Waste Pyrolysis." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (September 21, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5709092.

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In order to obtain the ideal high-value product and recognize the contribution of various waste components to the final product, each typical single component of domestic waste was pyrolyzed separately, the volatile was reformed with half coke at 600°C, and the yield and components of the reforming gas and liquid were analyzed. The investigation was followed by the results: after reforming, the yield of the gas is the highest, reaching 66.40 wt.% of plastic air-dry weight, 119.74% higher than before reforming, the highest yield, 37.22 wt.% of kitchen waste air-dry weight, only 2.21% lower than

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20

Wu, Chunfei, and Paul T. Williams. "Pyrolysis–gasification of post-consumer municipal solid plastic waste for hydrogen production." International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 35, no. 3 (2010): 949–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2009.11.045.

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21

Mikulionok, I. O. "A STATE OF ART AND PROSPECTS OF PLASTIC SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving, no. 2 (June 20, 2021): 52–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.2.2021.05.

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Basic data on the volume and structure of solid waste in the world and Ukraine are presented. The need to improve the ways of handling plastic solid waste as one of the most dangerous for the environment and promising from the point of view of using their properties is shown. A detailed classification of methods for handling plastic solid waste is proposed and a critical analysis of each of them is given. Particular attention is paid to the methods of disposal of plastic solid waste, in particular, recycling, which makes it possible to effectively use secondary plastic raw materials directly f

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22

Hee, Johann, Kai Schlögel, Simone Lechthaler, et al. "Comparative Analysis of the Behaviour of Marine Litter in Thermochemical Waste Treatment Processes." Processes 9, no. 1 (2020): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9010013.

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Plastic in the ocean, especially plastic on the ocean surface is not only researched intensively but also photos and reports rise awareness of the challenge in the general public. While research is concerned with the fate of marine litter in the environment, recycling of these materials after collection is rarely addressed, mainly because there is neither considerable data on composition nor a suggested process to do so. This study is the first to analyse and evaluate chemical recycling (pyrolysis, gasification) and energy recovery (incineration) of marine litter. Two heterogenous marine litte

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23

Locaspi, Andrea, Matteo Pelucchi, Marco Mehl, and Tiziano Faravelli. "Towards a lumped approach for solid plastic waste gasification: Polyethylene and polypropylene pyrolysis." Waste Management 156 (February 2023): 107–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2022.11.028.

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24

Chai, Yue, Ningbo Gao, Meihong Wang, and Chunfei Wu. "H2 production from co-pyrolysis/gasification of waste plastics and biomass under novel catalyst Ni-CaO-C." Chemical Engineering Journal 382 (February 2020): 122947. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2019.122947.

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25

Antelava, Ana, Natalia Jablonska, Achilleas Constantinou, et al. "Energy Potential of Plastic Waste Valorization: A Short Comparative Assessment of Pyrolysis versus Gasification." Energy & Fuels 35, no. 5 (2021): 3558–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.0c04017.

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26

Rafey, Abdul, Kunwar Pal, Ashish Bohre, Arindam Modak, and Kamal Kishore Pant. "A State-of-the-Art Review on the Technological Advancements for the Sustainable Management of Plastic Waste in Consort with the Generation of Energy and Value-Added Chemicals." Catalysts 13, no. 2 (2023): 420. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13020420.

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Plastic waste poses a serious threat to the environment and it has been increasing at an alarming rate. In 2022, global plastic waste generation was reported to be around 380 million tonnes as compared to 353 million tonnes in 2019. Production of liquid fuel from plastic waste is regarded as a viable method for disposing of the plastic and utilizing its energy. Currently, a wide range of technologies have been explored for turning plastic waste into fuel, including the conventional pyrolysis, incineration, gasification and advanced oxidation. However, a systematic summary and comparative analy

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27

Demetrious, A., and E. Crossin. "Life cycle assessment of paper and plastic packaging waste in landfill, incineration, and gasification-pyrolysis." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 21, no. 4 (2019): 850–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-019-00842-4.

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28

Chai, Yue, Nicholas Packham, and Meihong Wang. "Process improvement analysis of pyrolysis/gasification of biomass and waste plastics with carbon capture and utilisation through process simulation." Fuel 324 (September 2022): 124571. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.124571.

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29

Acomb, Jonathan C., Chunfei Wu, and Paul T. Williams. "Control of steam input to the pyrolysis-gasification of waste plastics for improved production of hydrogen or carbon nanotubes." Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 147 (April 2014): 571–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apcatb.2013.09.018.

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30

Erawati, Emi, Hamid, and Rosyad Adrian Febriansyar. "Pyrolysis Kinetics of Mixture Polypropylene and High Density Polyethylene Plastic Wastes Using Kaolin Catalyst." Materials Science Forum 998 (June 2020): 114–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.998.114.

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Plastic is materials that are not easily broken down, so it can cause a variety of complex problems such as loss of natural resources, environmental pollution, and depletion of landfill space. Plastic favored by the public is Polypropylene (PP) and High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) for example, food storage, transparent drinking glasses and drinking bottles for babies. This will be a problem in the future. Some alternatives used to reduce the volume of plastic waste are the thermal transformation process which is divided into three types of processing, namely combustion, gasification, and pyrol

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31

Lee, Seungmoon, Seung-Kwun Yoo, Jaehoon Lee, and Jin-Won Park. "Hydrogen-rich fuel gas production from refuse plastic fuel pyrolysis and steam gasification." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 11, no. 3 (2009): 191–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-008-0248-7.

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32

Szwaja, Magdalena, Mariusz Chwist, Stanislaw Szwaja, and Romualdas Juknelevičius. "Impact of Pyrolysis Oil Addition to Ethanol on Combustion in the Internal Combustion Spark Ignition Engine." Clean Technologies 3, no. 2 (2021): 450–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol3020026.

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Thermal processing (torrefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification), as a technology can provide environmentally friendly use of plastic waste. However, it faces a problem with respect to its by-products. Pyrolysis oil obtained using this technology is seen as a substance that is extremely harmful for living creatures and that needs to be neutralized. Due to its relatively high calorific value, it can be considered as a potential fuel for internal combustion spark-ignition engines. In order make the combustion process effective, pyrolysis oil is blended with ethanol, which is commonly used as a fue

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33

Huang, Jijiang, Andrei Veksha, Thaddeus Foo Jin Jun, and Grzegorz Lisak. "Upgrading waste plastic derived pyrolysis gas via chemical looping cracking–gasification using Ni–Fe–Al redox catalysts." Chemical Engineering Journal 438 (June 2022): 135580. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135580.

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Mykhailova, Evgeniіa, Dmytro Deineka, and Hanna Pancheva. "ANALYSIS OF PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING METHODS." Bulletin of the National Technical University «KhPI» Series: New solutions in modern technologies, no. 1(7) (April 23, 2021): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20998/2413-4295.2021.01.12.

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Methods of plastic waste management, the amount of which is constantly growing due to the high demand for polymer products with high performance properties, are considered. The urgency of the problem is explained by longevity of plastic, which, once in the environment, gradually degrades with the formation of substances dangerous to living organisms. The most common ways of plastic waste management are its storage on specially designated land plots or incineration with / without getting heat. Each of these methods has certain disadvantages, which necessitates the introduction of other measures

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35

Infurna, Giulia, Gabriele Caruso, and Nadka Tz Dintcheva. "Sustainable Materials Containing Biochar Particles: A Review." Polymers 15, no. 2 (2023): 343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym15020343.

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The conversion of polymer waste, food waste, and biomasses through thermochemical decomposition to fuels, syngas, and solid phase, named char/biochar particles, gives a second life to these waste materials, and this process has been widely investigated in the last two decades. The main thermochemical decomposition processes that have been explored are slow, fast, and flash pyrolysis, torrefaction, gasification, and hydrothermal liquefaction, which produce char/biochar particles that differ in their chemical and physical properties, i.e., their carbon-content, CHNOS compositions, porosity, and

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36

Waqas, Muhammad. "THE CURRENT STATUS AND STEPS TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE WASTE MANAGEMENT IN THE DEVELOPING COUNTRIES." INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF URBAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 3, no. 1 (2019): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/urbanenvirotech.v3i1.5520.

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The increasing anthropogenic activities as a result of significant growth in population, urbanization, and industrialization has resulted in a tremendous amount of municipal solid waste (MSW). The municipal authorities are under extreme pressure from the epidemiological evidence towards human and environment as a result of injudicious waste disposal to landfills without any material recovery. In this article, the current status and limitations in treating MSW by the developing countries have been overviewed with a case study from Peshawar-Pakistan. The daily waste production in Peshawar city i

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Daligaux, Vivien, Romain Richard, and Marie-Hélène Manero. "Deactivation and Regeneration of Zeolite Catalysts Used in Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes—A Process and Analytical Review." Catalysts 11, no. 7 (2021): 770. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11070770.

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In catalytic industrial processes, coke deposition remains a major drawback for solid catalysts use as it causes catalyst deactivation. Extensive study of this phenomenon over the last decades has provided a better understanding of coke behavior in a great number of processes. Among them, catalytic pyrolysis of plastics, which has been identified as a promising process for waste revalorization, is given particular attention in this paper. Combined economic and environmental concerns rose the necessity to restore catalytic activity by recovering deactivated catalysts. Consequently, various rege

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38

Al-asadi, M., N. Miskolczi, and Z. Eller. "Pyrolysis-gasification of wastes plastics for syngas production using metal modified zeolite catalysts under different ratio of nitrogen/oxygen." Journal of Cleaner Production 271 (October 2020): 122186. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122186.

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39

Song, Ho-Jun, Jaehoon Lee, Ankur Gaur, Jong-Jin Park, and Jin-Won Park. "Production of gaseous fuel from refuse plastic fuel via co-pyrolysis using low-quality coal and catalytic steam gasification." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 12, no. 4 (2010): 295–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-010-0299-4.

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40

Eşkin Uzun, Seniye, Volkan Enç, and Fatih Hoşoğlu. "Atık Kompozit İçecek Kartonları Geri Dönüşüm Yöntemleri /." Journal of History Culture and Art Research 1, no. 4 (2013): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.7596/taksad.v1i4.60.

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Kağıt, plastik ve alüminyum malzeme katmanlarından oluşan kompozit kartonlar özellikle sıvı gıdaların muhafazası için tercih edilen bir ambalaj türüdür. İlk olarak süt için tasarlanan ve geliştirilen kompozit kartonlar, günümüzde sütün yanı sıra pek çok gıda ve içeceğin ambalajlanmasında yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Kullanım sürecini tamamladıktan sonra atık halini alan kompozit içecek kartonlarının geri dönüşümünde ise ciddi sıkıntılar bulunmaktadır. Özellikle ülkemizde bu tür atıkların geri dönüşümünün sağlanması sınırlı olarak yapılmakta, bu atıkların büyük bir kısmı depolama alanlarına

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41

Dogu, Onur, Matteo Pelucchi, Ruben Van de Vijver, et al. "The chemistry of chemical recycling of solid plastic waste via pyrolysis and gasification: State-of-the-art, challenges, and future directions." Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 84 (May 2021): 100901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pecs.2020.100901.

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Narobe, M., J. Golob, D. Klinar, V. Francetič, and B. Likozar. "Co-gasification of biomass and plastics: Pyrolysis kinetics studies, experiments on 100kW dual fluidized bed pilot plant and development of thermodynamic equilibrium model and balances." Bioresource Technology 162 (June 2014): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2014.03.121.

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Luo, Juan, Chongwei Cui, Shichang Sun, et al. "Leveraging CO2 to directionally control the H2/CO ratio in continuous microwave pyrolysis/gasification of waste plastics: Quantitative analysis of CO2 and density functional theory calculations of regulation mechanism." Chemical Engineering Journal 435 (May 2022): 134794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.134794.

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Diallo, Amadou Dioulde Donghol, Ma’an Fahmi Rashid Alkhatib, Md Zahangir Alam, and Maizirwan Mel. "ENHANCEMENT OF THE CALORIFIC VALUE OF EM1707PTY FRUIT BUNCH (EFB) BY ADDING MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE AS SOLID FUEL IN GASIFICATION PROCESS." IIUM Engineering Journal 22, no. 2 (2021): 10–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31436/iiumej.v22i2.1566.

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Empty fruit bunch (EFB), a biomass-based waste, was deemed a potential replacement for fossil fuel. It is renewable and carbon neutral. The efficient management of this potential energy will help to deal with the problem associated with fossil fuels. However, a key parameter for evaluating the quality of raw material (EFB) as a fuel in energy applications is the calorific value (CV). When this CV is low, then its potential utilization as feedstock will be restricted. To tackle this shortcoming, we propose to add municipal solid waste to enhance energetic value. Thus, two major issues will be s

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Defonseka, Chris. "Rice hulls pellets as alternate solid fuel for energy generation." Polymers from Renewable Resources 9, no. 3-4 (2018): 133–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2041247918799774.

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Rice is the staple diet of over half the population of the world at an estimated production volume of well over 800 million metric tonnes per month, the second largest produced cereal in the world. Rice grows from tropics to subtropical to warm temperature countries up to 400 S and 500 N of the equator. Four major environments are associated with rice growing as follows: irrigated, rain-fed lowlands, upland and flood prone. Fifty per cent of rice grown are consumed by China and India, and until a few years ago, the rice hulls (husks) resulting from hulling have been considered as agricultural

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Kaewpengkrow, Prangtip, Duangduen Atong, and Viboon Sricharoenchaikul. "Pyrolysis and gasification of landfilled plastic wastes with Ni− Mg− La/Al2O3catalyst." Environmental Technology 33, no. 22 (2012): 2489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09593330.2012.680918.

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Czerski, Grzegorz. "Pyrolysis and Gasification of Biomass and Waste." Energies 15, no. 19 (2022): 7299. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197299.

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Gurgul, Agnieszka, Włodzimierz Szczepaniak, and Monika Zabłocka-Malicka. "Incineration, pyrolysis and gasification of electronic waste." E3S Web of Conferences 22 (2017): 00060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20172200060.

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NOMA, Tsuyoshi, Hidetake SHIIRE, Shinichi HANAWA, Toru ONO, and Takashi AMEMIYA. "Development of Pyrolysis Gasification Waste Treatment System." Proceedings of the National Symposium on Power and Energy Systems 2000.7 (2000): 108–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmepes.2000.7.108.

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Mączka, Tadeusz, Ewa Śliwka, and Mateusz Wnukowski. "PLASMA GASIFICATION OF WASTE PLASTICS." Journal of Ecological Engineering 14, no. 1 (2013): 33–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/2081139x.1031534.

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