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Wang, Canran, Shan Jiang, Wenyue Ma, et al. "Polymorphic Covalent Organic Frameworks: Molecularly Defined Pore Structures and Iodine Adsorption Property." Molecules 28, no. 1 (2023): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28010449.
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Radioactive iodine-capturing materials are urgently needed for the emerging challenges in nuclear waste disposal. The various pore structures of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) render them promising candidates for efficient iodine adsorption. However, the detailed structure–property relationship of COFs in iodine adsorption remains elusive. Herein, two polymorphic COFs with significantly different crystalline structures are obtained based on the same building blocks with varied molecular ratios. The two COFs both have high crystallinity, high specific surface area, and excellent chemical and thermal stability. Compared with the [C4+C4] topology (PyT-2) with an AA stacking form, the [C4+C2] topology (PyT-1) with an AB stacking form has more twisted pore channels and complex ink-bottle pores. At ambient conditions, PyT-1 and PyT-2 both exhibit good adsorption properties for iodine capture either in a gaseous or liquid medium. Remarkably, PyT-1 presents an excellent maximum adsorption capacity (0.635 g g−1), and the adsorption limit of PyT-2 is 0.445 g g−1 in an n-hexane solution with an iodine concentration of 400 mg L−1, which is highly comparable to the state-of-the-art iodine absorption performance. This study provides a guide for the future molecular design strategy toward novel iodine adsorbents.
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Manestar, D., R. Ticac, M. Velepic, et al. "The significance of rhinomanometry in evaluation of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation by polite yawning technique." Rhinology journal 49, no. 2 (2011): 238–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4193/rhino10.109.
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Objective: To corroborate the result of postlaryngectomy olfactory rehabilitation evaluating the efficacy of the Polite Yawning Technique (PYT) with rhinomanometry and odours with the Smell diskettes Olfaction test (SDOT). Materials and methods: Thirty-two laryngectomised patients were subjected to olfactory rehabilitation consisting of 15-minute training and independent exercising for two weeks. The sense of smell and nasal airflow in laryngectomised patients were examined before and after implementation of PYT. Results: The differences in SDOT results prior to and after introduction of PYT were statistically significant, most patients achieving better results after rehabilitation. A significant positive correlation was obtained in results of SDOT and rhinomanometry prior to and after introduction of PYT. The results of measurements after rehabilitation showed that 75% of patients had improved nasal breathing, 78% of patients had a better sense of smell and 40% of patients became normosmic. Conclusions: PYT has proved to be an effective method in olfaction rehabilitation following total laryngectomy. Using rhinomanometry, evaluation of the rehabilitation success is substantiated while the technique is simplified.
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Grilli, E., A. Colella, E. Coppola, A. Langella, and A. Buondonno. "Modelling pedogenization of zeolitized tuff: effects of water and phenolic substances on weathering rates of the Campanian Ignimbrite (yellow facies)." Clay Minerals 46, no. 2 (2011): 311–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/claymin.2011.046.2.311.
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AbstractAn experimental pedology research project, based on a “process-system” pedogenetic model, was initiated to investigate the weathering of Phlegraean Yellow Tuff (PYT) – the yellow facies of the Campanian Ignimbrite with phillipsite > chabazite – as representative of the parent rock material as the soil-forming factor. PYT was weathered by water (W) and tannic acid solutions (TA) at concentrations ranging from 3 × 101to 3 × 104μmol l–1. The most concentrated TA solution (3 × 104μmol l–1) showed the greatest extracting efficiency. Na and K were continually solubilized by W; Al, Ca and Mg contributed to the ionic composition of all the TA supernatants. A significant dissolution of the amorphous component and an associated decrease of the zeolite content, especially phillipsite, were noted. The features of PYT weathered outcomes fitted the “process-system” model very well. PYT showed a pedogenic potential, in being prone to weathering, as well as in releasing elements of importance for plant settlement and development, such as K, Ca, Mg and Fe.
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Lédo, Ana da Silva, Catrine Regina Feitosa Moura, Caroline de Araújo Machado, Semíramis Rabelo Ramalho Ramos, Ana Veruska Cruz da Silva, and Carlos Alberto da Silva Lédo. "Manitol para a conservação ex situ de coqueiro por crescimento mínimo." Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira 49, no. 2 (2014): 148–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-204x2014000200010.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a concentração de manitol para a germinação e crescimento mínimo in vitro do coqueiro (Cocos nucifera). Os seguintes acessos foram utilizados: Anão-vermelho-do brasil-de-gramame (BRDG), Anão-amarelo-da-malásia (MYD), Gigante-do-brasil-praia-do-forte (BRA), Gigante-da-polinésia (PYT) e Gigante-de-rennel (RIT). Os embriões foram colocados em meio de cultura Y3 a diferentes concentrações de manitol (0, 0,1, 0,2, 0,3 e 0,4 mol L-1). Verificou-se inibição do crescimento da parte aérea na presença de 0,1, 0,2 e 0,3 mol L-1, para MYD e BRDG, e de 0,1 e 0,2 mol L-1, para PYT, BRA e RIT. O uso do manitol é uma estratégia promissora para a conservação por crescimento mínimo.
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Klyueva, Svetlana N., Svetlana A. Bugorkova, Pavel S. Erokhin, Anastasiya Yu Goncharova, and Aleksandr L. Kravtsov. "Influence of <i>Yersinia pestis</i> with different plasmid composition on the erythrocyte membrane in the blood of guinea pigs." Journal of microbiology, epidemiology and immunobiology 101, no. 3 (2024): 372–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-471.
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Introduction. Based on data on the role of blood erythrocytes in the development and implementation of the vaccine and infectious processes in plague, it was of interest to evaluate changes in erythrocyte surface architecture from the position of searching for informative criteria for the preclinical evaluation of anti-plague vaccines. Aim — using atomic force microscopy to characterize the state of the blood erythrocyte membrane of guinea pigs in response to subcutaneous administration of the vaccine strain Yersinia pestis EV NIIEG and its isogenic derivatives. Materials and methods. For immunization of animals strain Y. pestis EV NIIEG (pYT+, pYV+, pYP+) and its isogenic derivatives Y. pestis KM216 (pYT–, pYV–, pYP+), Y. pestis KM217 (pYT–, pYV+, pYP–), Y. pestis KM218 (pYT–, pYV–, pYP–) were used. Analysis of the erythrocyte membrane was carried out using a Solver P47-PRO scanning probe microscope (NT-MDT, Russia). Results. The most pronounced changes in the surface architectonics of the membrane of guinea pig erythrocytes were established during the first three days of the formation of the immune response to the Y. pestis EV strain NIIEG and its isogenic variant Y. pestis KM217, in the genome of which the pYV plasmid is preserved, administered at a dose of 5 × 108 CFU. A significant increase (p 0.05) in the proportion of transformed cell forms (43.67 ± 3.63% and 37.83 ± 7.03% versus 4.08 ± 0.86% in the control group), root mean square roughness (319 ± 8 nm and 312 ± 7 nm versus 70 ± 6 nm in the control group), Young's modulus (125.73 ± 4.48 kPa and 113.8 ± 5.41 kPa versus 53.03 ± 1.47 kPa in the control group). By the 21st day, the value of these indicators decreased by an average of 2.7, 2.0 and 1.5 times, respectively, indicating restoration of the erythrocyte membrane. Conclusion. The dependence of the changes in the erythrocyte membrane and the rate of their restoration on the plasmid composition of Y. pestis strains has been established. The data obtained contribute to the understanding of the processes of interaction of Y. pestis with the erythrocyte membrane and can be used as additional characteristics in the development of new criteria for preclinical evaluation of plague candidate vaccines.
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Pramudyawardani, E. F., B. Suprihatno, and Made J. Mejaya. "Potensi Hasil Galur Harapan Padi Sawah Ultra Genjah dan Sangat Genjah." Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan 34, no. 1 (2015): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jpptp.v34n1.2015.p1-11.
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Breeding for high yielding rice varieties with VVEM (&lt;90 days after sowing/ das) is considered important to increase cropping indexes in the fully irrigated farm lands. This research was aimed to evaluate the yield potential of 200 promising VVE and VE maturing rice lines. A total of 200 VVE and VE maturing rice lines and five check varieties (Ciherang, Dodokan, Inpari 1, Inpari 13, Silugonggo) were evaluated in Preliminary Yield Trial (PYT) at Sukamandi Experimental Farm using augmented design, during the dry season of 2012. The 17 lines selected from PYT along with three check varieties (Silugonggo, Inpari 13, Ciherang) were further evaluated in Advanced Yield Trial (AYT) using randomized complete block design at Sukamandi, Kuningan, Magelang and Klaten, during wet season of 2012. Of the 200 lines tested in PYT, three lines yielded significantly higher than the best check variety (Inpari 1) and 2 lines did equal to Inpari 1. A total of 155 lines were VVE (&lt;90 das), and 45 lines were VE maturing (91-104 das). Based on yield per day, 17 lines were selected to be evaluated in AYT in WS 2012. Based on combined analyses from four locations of AYT, seven lines produced grain yield/ha and grain yield/day higher than did the best check Silugonggo (5.51 t/ha and 51.7 kg/day); there were14 lines did better than Ciherang (5.07 t/ha; 41.9 kg/day), and 13 lines yielded better than did Inpari 13 (5.27 t/ha; 46.7 kg/day). The best seven lines and lines with higher productivity per day than that of the best check, with an average yield of 5.62 t/ha up to 6.12 t/ha, with days to maturity from 87 up to 94 das, were ready to be evaluated in Multi Locational Yield Trial to meet the requirement for the release of new variety.
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Ferreira, Marilia. "ANÁLISE DE UMA NARRATIVA TRADICIONAL ORAL DO POVO PARKATÊJÊ: PYT ME KAXÊR." Espaço Ameríndio 4, no. 2 (2010): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.22456/1982-6524.13468.
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Este artigo estuda aspectos de uma narrativa oral mítica tradicional da língua Parkatêjê, o texto Pyt me Kaxêr, ou o texto do Sol e da Lua, que trata de questões centrais da cultura do povo de mesma denominação. O povo Parkatêjê vive no sudeste do estado do Pará e fala uma língua timbira pertencente ao agrupamento linguístico Macro-Jê. Suas narrativas têm como função principal a acumulação, o armazenamento e a transmissão de conhecimentos. Por meio delas, o discurso é expresso linguisticamente. Desse modo, o presente trabalho, com fundamentação na metodologia da linguística descritiva, na linguística textual e em estudos de textos orais, visa abordar questões sobre a estrutura formal e discursiva da narrativa selecionada.
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Cakmak, M., I. I. Ozturk, C. N. Banti, et al. "Bismuth(III) bromide-thioamide complexes: synthesis, characterization and cytotoxic properties." Main Group Metal Chemistry 41, no. 5-6 (2018): 143–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgmc-2018-0035.
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Abstract New bismuth(III) bromine compounds of the heterocyclic thioamides were prepared and structurally characterized. The reaction of heterocyclic thioamides with bismuth(III) bromide resulted in the formation of the {[BiBr2(μ2-Br)(MMI)2]2·CH3COCH3·H2O} (1), {[BiBr2(MBZIM)4]·Br·2H2O} (2), {[BiBr2(μ2-Br)(tHPMT)2]2·CH3CN} (3), {[BiBr2(μ2-Br)(PYT)2]2·CH3CN} (4) and {[BiBr2(μ2-Br)(MBZT)2]2 2CH3OH} (5) complexes (MMI: 2-mercapto-1-methylimidazole, MBZIM: 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, tHPMT: 2-mercapto-3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-pyrimidine, PYT: 2-mercaptopyridine and MBZT: 2-mercaptobenzothiazole). The complexes 1–5 were characterized by melting point (m.p.), elemental analysis (e.a.), molar conductivity, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR), Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman), nuclear magnetic resonance (1H and 13CNMR) spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy and thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The molecular structures of 1–5 were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 2 is a first ionic monomuclear octahedral bismuth(III) bromide, while the complexes 1, 3–5 are the first examples of dinuclear bismuth(III) bromide derivatives. Complexes 1–5 were evaluated in terms of their in vitro cytotoxic activity against human adenocarcinoma breast (MCF-7) and cervix (HeLa) cells. The toxicity on normal human fetal lung fibroblast cells (MRC-5) was also evaluated. Moreover, the complexes 1–5 and free heterocyclic thioamide ligands were studied upon the catalytic peroxidation of the linoleic acid by the enzyme lipoxygenase (LOX).
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Wysokowski, Adam. "Trwao eksploatacyjna mostw zespolonych." Przegląd Budowlany 94, no. 5-6 (2023): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0053.6990.
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Pomosty betonowe (elbetowe), w mostach zespolonych(stalowo-betonowych), s czsto stosowane z uwagina ich zalety, ale te ze wzgldu na trwao. W tego typu obiektachzespolonych beton w postaci pyty pomostowej wsppracujez dwigarem stalowym i jest stosowany w strefie ciskania(wyjtek stanowi strefa nad podporami w obiektach o schemaciecigym), gdzie s wykorzystane w peni zalety tego materiaukonstrukcyjnego. Na podstawie dowiadcze zwizanychz trwaoci eksploatowanych od wielu lat mostw zespolonychmona stwierdzi, e newralgicznym zagadnieniem jest trwaokonstrukcyjno-materiaowa pyt elbetowych. W artykule zostanprzedstawione zagadnienia dotyczce trwaoci eksploatacyjnejmostw o konstrukcji zespolonej, w aspekcie rnych rozwizakonstrukcyjnych tych specyficznych obiektw mostowych.
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Lemos, F. C. D., E. Longo, D. M. A. Melo, A. O. Silva, F. J. S. Lima, and J. E. C. Silva. "Comportamento térmico do PbTiO3 modificado por terras raras." Cerâmica 51, no. 319 (2005): 252–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0366-69132005000300012.
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Titanatos de chumbo dopados com itérbio e ítrio, PYbT e PYT foram preparados pelo método Pechini. Os materiais obtidos foram calcinados sobre fluxo de oxigênio em diferentes temperaturas e investigados utilizando-se as técnicas de difração de raios X (DRX), microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) e espectroscopia na região do infravermelho (IV). O comportamento térmico de PbTiO3 dopados com itérbio e ítrio é descrito através de curvas termogravimétricas (TG) e análise térmica diferencial (ATD). Os resultados revelaram que a fase perovskita foi obtida em uma baixa temperatura e que o aumento da dopagem favorece a estabilidade térmica dos materiais obtidos.
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Singh, Mamata, R. J. Butcher, and N. K. Singh. "Syntheses and X-ray structural studies of the novel complexes [Ni(en)2(3-pyt)2] and [Cu(en)2](3-pyt)2 based on 5-(3-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione." Polyhedron 27, no. 14 (2008): 3151–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.poly.2008.06.038.
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Bazanova, L. P., E. G. Tokmakova, G. A. Voronova, and S. V. Balakhonov. "INFLUENCE OF YERSINIA PESTIS PLASMID CONTENT ON BIOFILM FORMATION IN FLEAS WITH DIFFERENT VECTOR ACTIVITY." Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, no. 2 (April 28, 2018): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/0372-9311-2018-2-76-83.
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Aim. Influence of the plague agent plasmid content on biofilm formation in vivo and death rate of fleas-vectors with different vector activity in experiment were analyzed. Materials and methods. Three Yersinia pestis strains: virulent I-3230 (pYT, pYV, pYP) and I-2638 (pYT, pYV, pYP, pTP 33), and its selected avirulent isogenic clone I-3480 lacking two plasmids (pYV, pYP) were used. Three species of fleas were artificially infected: 477 individuals of Xenopsylla cheopis (a highly active vector), 441 - Citellophilus tesquorum (an active vector), 519 - Frontopsylla lucu-lenta (a low-active vector). The peculiarities of Y. pestis biofilm formation in fleas were estimated by a portion of individuals with bacterial «conglomerates» and «blocks» for a feeding. Death rate of the insects was defined by the percent of the dead fleas at each feeding. Results. All three flea species infected by Y. pestis strains carrying an additional plasmid pTP33 (I-2638 and I-3480) demonstrated the increase of the individual number with various biofilm forms in comparison with the three-plasmid strain I-3230. In X. cheopis it occurred due to the blocked insects, in C. tesquo-rum - mainly due to the fleas containing «conglomerates», in F. luculenta it was completely connected with ectoparasites with «conglomerates». A share of X. cheopis and C. tesquorum died at a feeding was higher in ectoparasites infected with I-3230 strain and F. luculenta - infected by I-2638. Conclusion. Y. pestis strains possessing an additional replicon pTP33 formed a biofilm in the infected insects more often and larger size than a classical three-plasmid variant. Influence of the strain plasmid content on death rate of the infected fleas depended on a vector species.
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Abarzúa, Eduardo, and Manuel Inostroza. "Alta Dirección Pública." Observatorio Económico, no. 124 (March 1, 2018): 4–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.11565/oe.vi124.62.
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Este nuevo cambio de coalición de gobierno es una prueba clave para evaluar el Sistema de Alta Dirección Pública y, en particular, las reformas legales recientemente aprobadas. Desde hace un par de meses, ya algunas voces públicas provenientes del nuevo gobierno instalaron la idea respecto de la falta de legitimidad de los directivos que el sistema provee, normalizando por ejemplo el eventual despido inmediato basado en criterios ajenos al desempeño como pudiese ser la falta de lealtad o, peor aún, que dado que antes de concursar y ganar el proceso concursal ya habían sido designados “a dedo” en calidad de provisionales y transitorios (PyT). Continuar leyendo...
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Rahayu, Evelyn Arnetta, and Roland Y. H. Silitonga. "Perbaikan Tata Letak Gudang PT PYT dengan Memperhatikan Jarak, Waktu Handling, dan Utilitas Ruang Penyimpanan." Journal of Integrated System 7, no. 1 (2024): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.28932/jis.v7i1.8678.
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Gudang barang jadi PT PYT yang menggunakan metode dedicated storage berdasarkan fast dan slow moving dengan penyimpanan single racking 6 tingkat ini memiliki gejala masalah peletakan barang yang masih kurang baik karena terdapat beberapa barang tersimpan di floor yang tidak seharusnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merencanakan peletakan barang yang lebih baik sehingga operasi yang terjadi di gudang barang jadi dapat semakin efisien dan efektif. Untuk menyelesaikan masalah ini diusulkan peletakan barang menggunakan metode class based storage berdasarkan klasifikasi ABC yang mempertimbangkan skala prioritas dan kategori level. Hasil penelitian yaitu tata letak Alternatif 1 yang menggunakan prinsip popularity, similarity, size, dan characteristic serta penyusunan berdasarkan skala prioritas dan across-aisle storage. Alternatif ini menghasilkan pengurangan total jarak perpindahan sebesar 29588 meter (2.35%) dan total waktu handling 148 menit (2.35%); pada kategori TRJ dan SLO ada pengurangan sebesar 37% - 38%, serta persentase utilitas ruang penyimpanan pada setiap kategori barang yang lebih merata (dari 41.44% - 121.08% menjadi 84.03% - 97.05%). Manfaat dari tata letak ini yaitu penyusunan barang lebih rapi dan terkelompok, meminimasi adanya kapasitas berlebih, serta tata letak dapat dilakukan evaluasi secara berkala agar kapasitas setiap kelas dapat mengikuti fluktuasi jumlah penjualan.
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Misyurev, D. A., Yu V. Vasilev, and D. P. Inozemtsev. "Analysis of the results of the surveying and geodetic observations at the Pyt-Yakh geodynamic site." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (March 25, 2020): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2020-1-30-41.
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Dong, Wenjuan, Hu Wang, Hailin Liu, et al. "Potential of Black Phosphorus in Immune-Based Therapeutic Strategies." Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2022 (July 11, 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3790097.
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Black phosphorus (BP) consists of phosphorus atoms, an essential element of bone and nucleic acid, which covalently bonds to three adjacent phosphorus atoms to form a puckered bilayer structure. With its anisotropy, band gap, biodegradability, and biocompatibility properties, BP is considered promising for cancer therapy. For example, BP under irradiation can convert near-infrared (NIR) light into heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) to damage cancer cells, called photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT). Compared with PTT and PDT, the novel techniques of sonodynamic therapy (SDT) and photoacoustic therapy (PAT) exhibit amplified ROS generation and precise photoacoustic-shockwaves to enhance anticancer effect when BP receives ultrasound or NIR irradiation. Based on the prospective phototherapy, BP with irradiation can cause a “double-kill” to tumor cells, involving tumor-structure damage induced by heat, ROS, and shockwaves and a subsequent anticancer immune response induced by in situ vaccines construction in tumor site, which is referred to as photoimmunotherapy (PIT). In conclusion, BP shows promise in natural antitumor biological activity, biological imaging, drug delivery, PTT/PDT/SDT/PAT/PIT, nanovaccines, nanoadjuvants, and combination immunotherapy regimens.
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Ларионова, Н. П., and В. С. Густой. "Economic assessment of damage caused by extinguishing forest fires in the KU KhMAO-YUGRA "Nefteyugansk forestry", Pyt-Yakh." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 5(142) (August 21, 2022): 547–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2022.142.5.103.
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Рассматриваются вопросы экономической организации охраны лесов от пожаров как важнейшего элемента в сохранении и устойчивом управлении лесами на территории Российской Федерации. Вопросы анализа горимости лесов и определения ущерба от лесных пожаров являются особо актуальными. The issues of the economic organization of forest protection from fires as an essential element in the conservation and sustainable management of forests on the territory of the Russian Federation are considered. The issues of analyzing the burning of forests and determining damage from forest fires are particularly relevant.
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Yang, Zhiwen, Xinsheng Peng, Yinhe Tan, et al. "Optimization of the Preparation Process for an Oral Phytantriol-Based Amphotericin B Cubosomes." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/308016.
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In order to develop an oral formation of Amphotericin B (AmB) using phytantriol- (PYT-) based cubosomes with desirable properties, homogenization conditions were firstly investigated to determine their effects on the morphological and dimensional characteristics of cubosomes. Under the optimized homogenization conditions of 1200 bar for 9 cycles, cubosomes with reproducible, narrow particle size distribution and a mean particle size of 256.9 nm ± 4.9 nm were obtained. The structure of the dispersed cubosomes was revealed by SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) and Cryo-TEM (cryogenic transmission electron microscopy) as a bicontinuous cubic liquid crystalline phase with Pn3m geometry. To overcome the poor drug solubility and increase the drug-loading rate, a solubilization method was firstly used to develop cubosomes containing AmB. The encapsulation efficiency determined by HPLC assay was87.8%±3.4%, and UV spectroscopy and stability studies in simulated gastric fluids further confirmed that AmB was successfully encapsulated in cubosomes.
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Bergqvist, S. "”Wie schrieuwe Seeltersk” – a study of the orthography of Saterland Frisian literary texts." Us Wurk 69, no. 1-2 (2020): 73–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/5d4811bbc7724.
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The purpose of this paper is to investigate whether literary texts in Saterland Frisian correspond to the written form codified in dictionaries. In order to answer this question, two dictionaries have been investigated: one by Pyt Kramer, and one by Marron C. Fort. Both Kramer and Fort have proposed their own orthographic systems, and made efforts to establish them not only in their respective dictionaries, but in other written works as well. Two literary texts, written by speakers of Saterland Frisian, have been compared to the dictionaries in terms of orthography: one by Gesina Lechte-Siemer, and one by Gretchen Grosser. The results of the investigation show that Lechte-Siemer’s orthography mostly corresponds to that of Kramer. However, Grosser’s text – which is the more recent of the two – does not adhere strictly to either orthographic system, instead combining aspects of both. This indicates that neither Kramer’s nor Fort’s orthography has established itself as standard, and that a degree of flexibility remains when using Saterland Frisian in writing.
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Argaswari, Deshinta Puspa Ayu Dwi. "Integrasi Sejarah Matematika untuk Meningkatkan Atensi Siswa." Indonesian Journal of Mathematics Education 1, no. 1 (2018): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31002/ijome.v1i1.950.
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Siswa kelas VIII di MTsN 20 Jakarta memiliki masalah dalam atensi untuk belajar matematika. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan kurangnya atensi siswa yang ditunjukkan dengan banyaknya siswa yang tidak memperhatikan penjelasan guru dan tidak terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Meskipun nilai atensi siswa adalah 2,77 dari 4, namun siswa menyatakan tidak tertarik dengan pembelajaran. Hal ini ditunjukkan pada hasil wawancara, siswa menyatakan merasa bosan dalam belajar matematika dan kurang tertarik pada pokok pembahasan. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, salah satu strategi yang mungkin dilakukan adalah pengintegrasian sejarah matematika. Hal ini didukung dengan topik mata pelajaran yang sedang dipelajari adalah <em>Pyt</em><em>hagoras</em>. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode penelitian tindakan kelas. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengukur atensi siswa dikembangkan dari instrumen Attention John Keller. Setelah dilakukan analisis, hasil menunjukkan bahwa rerata atensi siswa naik sebesar 11%. Nilai atensi siswa setelah diberikan desain pembelajaran menggunakan sejarah adalah 3,12 dari 4. Hasil wawancara dan observasi menunjukkan atensi siswa yang meningkat.
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Voitkova, V. V., V. I. Dubrovina, K. M. Korytov, G. B. Mukhturgin, S. A. Vityazeva, and S. V. Balakhonov. "Immunophenotyping of Blood Cell Subpopulations from Experimental Animals Infected by Yersinia Pestis with Different Plasmid Composition." Epidemiology and Vaccine Prevention 15, no. 4 (2016): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2016-15-4-87-93.
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Relevance. The vast majority of the virulence factors of Yersinia pestis is determined by genes of plasmid. The genome of the plague pathogen Altai subspecies Y. pestis subsp. altaica has three plasmids: pYV, pYP and pYT. Plasmids pYV Yersinia strains exhibit phenotypic traits, the effect of which is aimed at the suppression of the phagocytic activity of the cells of the immune system. Species-specific plasmid pYP determines synthesis bacteriocine (pesticin 1) and plasminogen activator, and plasmid pYT - murine toxin and a capsular antigen F1. Loss of one or more plasmids leads to a change of the pathogenic properties and a reduction or even total loss of the virulence of the pathogen, as well as affect the functional state organs of the immune system. Goal. To reveal characteristics of subpopulations of blood cells of experimental animals infected with Y. pestis containing various plasmids Materials and methods. The study was conducted on 370 white improved conventional mice with standard of content and weight (17 -19 g). As objects of study used 7 strains of Y. pestis from the collection of the museum of living cultures of the Irkutsk Scientific Research Anti-Plague Institute: Y. pestis subsp. altaica I-2948/3, Y. pestis subsp. altaica I-2948, Y. pestis subsp. altaica I-2359, Y. pestis subsp. I-3560 pestis, Y. pestis subsp. I-3480 pestis, Y. pestis subsp. I-2638 pestis, Y. pestis subsp. pestis I-3479. Results. Immunograms analysis showed that changes in the composition of blood cells in experimental animals depends on plasmids of the strain and time of observation. Importantly, the infectious process induced strains with a complete set of plasmids (Y. pestis subsp. pestis I-3560, Y. pestis subsp. pestis I-2638), is accompanied by significant changes in cell populations, as the causative agent of plague blocking barrier system key mechanisms innate immunity and prevents the formation of high-grade microorganism adaptive immunity. Conclusions. Are established features of subpopulation structure of blood cells of white mice, infected with strains of the main and Altai subspecies and their isogene options which are associated with a plasmid profile of a plague microbe. Strains of Y. pestis subsp. pestis of I-3479 and Y. pestis subsp. pestis of I-3480 can be recommended for further studying as perspective as vaccinal.
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Rahmayanti, Widyantari, Selvaraj Nagarajan, Ya-Sen Sun, and Eamor M. Woo. "Iridescent Features Correlating with Periodic Assemblies in Custom-Crystallized Arylate Polyesters." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 21 (2023): 15538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115538.
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In this study, five different aryl polyesters, i.e., poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT), poly(octamethylene terephthalate) (POT), poly(nonamethylene terephthalate) (PNT), and poly(decamethylene terephthalate) (PDT), upon crystallization at a suitable temperature range, all exhibit ring-banded spherulites with universal characteristics. Previous research has revealed some fundamental mechanisms underlying the formation of periodic hierarchical structures. Additionally, this study further explored correlations among micro/nanocrystal assemblies in the top surface and internal grating architectures and the structural iridescent properties. The interior lamellar assembly of arylate polyesters’ banded spherulites is shown to exhibit periodic birefringence patterns that are highly reminiscent of those found in a variety of biological structures, with the capacity for iridescence from light interference. A laser diffraction analysis was also used to support confirmation of this condition, which could result in an arc diffraction pattern indicative of the presence of ringed spherulites. Among the five arylate polyesters, only PET is incapable of regularly producing ring-banded morphology, and thus cannot produce any iridescent color.
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Guo, Beichu, Melvin Kantono, Wei Sun, and Besim Ogretmen. "Crosstalk of sphingolipids and inflammasomes modulates tumor microenvironment and promotes cancer progression." Journal of Immunology 200, no. 1_Supplement (2018): 178.11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.200.supp.178.11.
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Abstract Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive lipid, plays important roles in tumor development through its ability to promote tumor cell growth, migration, and invasion. S1P, synthesized by sphingosine kinase 1 and 2 (SK1 and SK2), can initiate multiple signal events through intracellular and extracellular mechanisms. In human cancer patients, increased levels of S1P and SK1 are correlated with poor prognosis and high incidence of diseases recurrence. How sphingolipid signaling regulates the function of immune cells and inflammation during tumor development remains poorly understood. Our results demonstrate that sphingolipid-induced inflammasome activation and IL-1β production promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis. Interestingly, our data indicate that SK-1/S1P signaling induces inflammasome activation and IL-1 production. We found that in MMTV-PyT transgenic mouse mammary gland tumor model, genetic loss of SphK1 significantly inhibited breast cancer progression and metastasis, accompanied by reduced levels of IL-1β at primary tumors and metastatic sites. Our results further show that SK1 and S1P modulate tumor microenvironments through induction of inflammasome activation and recruitment of myeloid cells. These findings indicate that the cross-talk between the SK1/S1P and inflammasome/IL-1 pathways promotes tumor growth and metastasis.
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Gapon, L. I., T. V. Sereda, and N. N. Korzhova. "Comparative characteristic of heart rate variability and biochemical parameters in relation to night-shift work in hypertensive patients permanently living in Tyumen Priobje." "Arterial’naya Gipertenziya" ("Arterial Hypertension") 17, no. 4 (2011): 347–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18705/1607-419x-2011-17-4-347-353.
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Objective. To assess heart rate variability (HRV) and some biochemical and echocardiographic parameters in hypertensive patients and in the control group living in Tyumen Priobje. Design and methods. 52 patients with stage 1 or 2 of arterial hypertension and 32 sex- and age-matching healthy subjects aged 20-50 years living permanently in Tyumen Priobje were examined. 5-minute ECG was recorded at baseline (at out-paient department in the town of Pyt-Yakh) using standard method, and analysis of time and spectral parameters was performed. Lipid profile and blood glucose were measured. The groups did not differ by shift work schedules (presence or absence of night shift). Results. The functional condition of hypertensive patients and controls permanently living in Tyumen Priobje is characterized by overexertion of regulatory systems in the controls and exhaustion of regulatory systems in hypertensive patients. The time and spectral parameters of HRV indicate a predominance of sympathetic regulation in hypertensive patients. Night shift work influences the activity of sympathetic regulation of heart rate, affecting its circadian rhythm in both hypertensives and controls. Healthy subjects are initially characterized by overexertion of regulatory system activity and they are at risk of developing cardiovascular pathology. As arterial hypertension progresses a reduction in overall HRV structure is observed. Night shift work contributes to more rapid change in functional condition towards the exhaustion phase.
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Abid, Umer, Gordon Sun, Ya-Hue Valerie Soong, et al. "Evaluation of enzymatic depolymerization of PET, PTT, and PBT polyesters." Biochemical Engineering Journal 199 (October 2023): 109074. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2023.109074.
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Wang, Cheng, Yongjun Shao, Kuanxin Huang, et al. "Ore-Forming Processes at the Xiajinbao Gold Deposit in Eastern Hebei Province: Constraints from EPMA and LA-ICPMS Analysis." Minerals 8, no. 9 (2018): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min8090388.
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The Xiajinbao gold deposit is located at the northern margin of the North China Craton. Hydrothermal pyrites belonging to three stages were identified: Py1; Py2; and Py3. Geochemical study of these pyrites was conducted using electron probe microanalysis and laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry to investigate the distributions of minor and trace elements, constrain pyrite genesis, and to obtain an improved understanding of the ore-forming processes. Py1 and Py2 contain high concentrations of Au and are interpreted to have been deposited from fluids from a dominantly magmatic source. Py3 grains have the lowest Co/Ni ratios. All generations of pyrite were deposited by mixing of meteoric waters with magmatic-hydrothermal fluids. Boiling of early ore-forming fluids led to the precipitation of Py1 and gold. Decreasing fO2 in the ore-forming system resulted in the formation of Py2 and gold. Fluid mixing was the dominant controlling factor for the precipitation of Py3 together with small amounts of gold.
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Girina, A. A., F. I. Petrovskiy, N. V. Sosykina, and A. L. Zaplatnikov. "Evaluation of the Incidence of Rotavirus Infection and the Effectiveness of Vaccination in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Ugra District in 2014–2018." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 19, no. 2 (2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2020-19-2-95-101.
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Relevance. Rotavirus infection (RVI) is recognized as the main cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide and leads to 527 000 deaths annually.Aim. Present study was intended to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures and vaccination against RVI in children in Pyt-Yakh, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra in 2016–2017.Materials and methods. An analysis of the incidence of intestinal infection and RVI was carried out within 2 years prior (2014–2015) to and 2 years after (2016–2017) the implementation of anti-epidemic measures.A separate study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a live oral pentavalent vaccine in 593 children including 433 who received three doses of the vaccine in 2016–2017.Results. It was shown that anti-epidemic measures including vaccination decreased the chances of RVI in children aged 0–17 years 1.68 fold in 2017–2018 compared to 2015–2016 (odds ratio (OR) 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49–0.71, p < 0.001). The same data were obtained for children 12 months and younger (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.95, р = 0.037) and children aged 1–2 years old (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45–0.84, р = 0.002). There were no cases of moderate or severe intestinal infections or hospitalizations in vaccinated population as well as postvaccinal complications.Conclusion. The incidence of intestinal and rotavirus infections in all population in 2018 compared to 2016decreased by 53% and 72% respectively.
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Girina, A. A., F. I. Petrovskiy, N. V. Sosykina, and A. L. Zaplatnikov. "Evaluation of the Incidence of Rotavirus Infection and the Effectiveness of Vaccination in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Ugra District in 2014–2018." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 19, no. 2 (2020): 95–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2020-20-2-95-101.
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Relevance. Rotavirus infection (RVI) is recognized as the main cause of severe gastroenteritis in children worldwide and leads to 527 000 deaths annually.Aim. Present study was intended to evaluate the effectiveness of anti-epidemic measures and vaccination against RVI in children in Pyt-Yakh, Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Ugra in 2016–2017.Materials and methods. An analysis of the incidence of intestinal infection and RVI was carried out within 2 years prior (2014–2015) to and 2 years after (2016–2017) the implementation of anti-epidemic measures.A separate study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of a live oral pentavalent vaccine in 593 children including 433 who received three doses of the vaccine in 2016–2017.Results. It was shown that anti-epidemic measures including vaccination decreased the chances of RVI in children aged 0–17 years 1.68 fold in 2017–2018 compared to 2015–2016 (odds ratio (OR) 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49–0.71, p < 0.001). The same data were obtained for children 12 months and younger (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.35–0.95, р = 0.037) and children aged 1–2 years old (OR 0.62, 95% CI 0.45–0.84, р = 0.002). There were no cases of moderate or severe intestinal infections or hospitalizations in vaccinated population as well as postvaccinal complications.Conclusion. The incidence of intestinal and rotavirus infections in all population in 2018 compared to 2016decreased by 53% and 72% respectively.
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ЮРИНА Т.А., ЮРИНА Т. А. "FEATURES OF DETERMINING THE MARKET VALUE OF RESIDENTIAL REAL ESTATE." Экономика и предпринимательство, no. 4(165) (June 25, 2024): 292–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34925/eip.2024.165.4.055.
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В статье определена экономическая сущность и рассмотрены особенности жилой недвижимости, как объекта оценки; выявлены достоинства и приведены недостатки подходов к оценке данного вида недвижимости; раскрыты сущность и основные особенности расчета стоимости объектов жилой недвижимости с использованием различных подходов и методов. Оценка рыночной стоимости объектов жилой недвижимости на сегодняшний день играет важное социальноэкономическое значение. Проведенный анализ показал, что сравнительный подход является наиболее эффективным при оценке стоимости объектов жилой недвижимости, предусмотренной для постоянного проживания людей. На основе данного подхода был проведен подробный анализ стоимости объектов жилой недвижимости г. Пыть-Ях, который позволил установить факторы, влияющие на нее и выявить наиболее значимые критерии. The article defines the economic essence and examines the features of residential real estate as an object of assessment; the advantages and disadvantages of approaches to evaluating this type of real estate are identified; the essence and main features of calculating the cost of residential real estate using various approaches and methods are revealed. Today, assessing the market value of residential real estate plays an important socio-economic role. The analysis showed that the comparative approach is the most effective in assessing the value of residential real estate intended for permanent residence of people. Based on this approach, a detailed analysis of the cost of residential real estate in the city of Pyt-Yakh was carried out, which made it possible to establish the factors influencing it and identify the most significant criteria.
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Zhang, Zhichao, Yuwang Wang, Jiyu He, et al. "Geology, Pyrite Geochemistry and Metallogenic Mechanism of the Wulong Gold Deposit in Liaodong Peninsula, North China Craton." Minerals 12, no. 12 (2022): 1551. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12121551.
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The Wulong deposit is a large gold deposit in the Liaodong peninsula (North China Craton). Silicic and pyrite alterations are well-developed in the deposit and closely related to mineralization. The least altered and silicified microdiorite samples were selected for major and trace element analyses to reveal the elemental migration/enrichment. Pyrites of stage 1 (Py1) were selected for backscattered electron (BSE) imaging and LA-ICP-MS trace element analyses to reveal their possible metallogenic link. Mass balance calculation showed that Al2O3, CaO, Fe2O3, K2O, SiO2, Ag, As, Cu, and Pb were brought in, whereas MgO, Na2O, FeO, Cr, Zn, and Ni were leached out during silicification. LA-ICP-MS trace element analyses show that Py1 has higher Au and Zn contents than Py2 and Py3, Py2 has higher Au and Cu contents than Py1 and Py3, and Py3 has higher Pb, Cu, and As contents than Py1 and Py2. During the process of silicification and pyritization, the depleted H+ concentration and HS− concentration in the ore-forming fluids led to instability of the Au(HS)2− complexes and led to gold precipitation. The depleted sulfur and the reduced temperature during the precipitated of bismuthinite also led to instability of the Au(HS)2− complexes and gold precipitation.
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Skwarek, Agata, Beata Synkiewicz, Jan Kulawik, Piotr Guzdek, Krzysztof Witek, and Jacek Tarasiuk. "High temperature thermogenerators made on DBC substrate using vapour phase soldering." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 27, no. 3 (2015): 125–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-04-2015-0017.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the reliability of thermoelectric generators after ageing at elevated temperature and to determine the influence of the technology used (i.e. type of thermoelectric material, type of substrate and soldering technology) for thermogenerator (TGE) assembly. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, the Seebeck coefficient and the current voltage were measured for lead telluride doped with either manganese (PMT), germanium (PGT) or sulfur (PST) TGEs. The Seebeck coefficient measurements were taken at temperatures between 230 and 630 K. Findings – The Seebeck coefficient determined for PMT, PGT and PST TGEs increases approximately linearly with increasing temperature and is greater by about 40 per cent for PST and about 30 per cent for PMT than in commercially available PbTe TGEs. The best outcome in terms of stability after long-term ageing was that of PMT material. Originality/value – The choice of proper technology (i.e. thermoelectric materials, type of substrate and soldering technology) for the TGE assembly is essential for their functioning overtime and reliability.
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Tang, Lei, Liping Qiu, Cong Liu, et al. "Transcriptomic Insights into Innate Immunity Responding to Red Rot Disease in Red Alga Pyropia yezoensis." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 23 (2019): 5970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20235970.
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Pyropia yezoensis, one of the most economically important marine algae, suffers from the biotic stress of the oomycete necrotrophic pathogen Pythium porphyrae. However, little is known about the molecular defensive mechanisms employed by Pyr. yezoensis during the infection process. In the present study, we defined three stages of red rot disease based on histopathological features and photosynthetic physiology. Transcriptomic analysis was carried out at different stages of infection to identify the genes related to the innate immune system in Pyr. yezoensis. In total, 2139 up-regulated genes and 1672 down-regulated genes were identified from all the infected groups. Pathogen receptor genes, including three lectin genes (pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)) and five genes encoding typical plant R protein domains (leucine rich repeat (LRR), nucleotide binding site (NBS), or Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR)), were found to be up-regulated after infection. Several defense mechanisms that were typically regarded as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI) in plants were induced during the infection. These included defensive and protective enzymes, heat shock proteins, secondary metabolites, cellulase, and protease inhibitors. As a part of the effector-triggered immunity (ETI), the expression of genes related to the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and hypersensitive cell death response (HR) increased significantly during the infection. The current study suggests that, similar to plants, Pyr. yezoensis possesses a conserved innate immune system that counters the invasion of necrotrophic pathogen Pyt. porphyrae. However, the innate immunity genes of Pyr. yezoensis appear to be more ancient in origin compared to those in higher plants.
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Park, Eun-Soo. "Morphology, mechanical, and dielectric breakdown properties of PBT/PET/TPE, PBT/PET/PA66, PBT/PET/LMPE, and PBT/PET/TiO2blends." Polymer Composites 29, no. 10 (2008): 1111–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pc.20626.
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Alessi, Matteo, Lucia Conzatti, Philip Hodge, Santolo Taglialatela Scafati, and Paola Stagnaro. "A Possible Means to Assist the Processing of PET, PTT and PBT." Macromolecular Materials and Engineering 295, no. 4 (2010): 374–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mame.200900307.
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Wagner-Egea, Paula, Lucía Aristizábal-Lanza, Cecilia Tullberg, et al. "Marine PET Hydrolase (PET2): Assessment of Terephthalate- and Indole-Based Polyester Depolymerization." Catalysts 13, no. 9 (2023): 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13091234.
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Enzymatic polyethylene terephthalate (PET) recycling processes are gaining interest for their low environmental impact, use of mild conditions, and specificity. Furthermore, PET hydrolase enzymes are continuously being discovered and engineered. In this work, we studied a PET hydrolase (PET2), initially characterized as an alkaline thermostable lipase. PET2 was produced in a fusion form with a 6-histidine tag in the N-terminal. The PET2 activity on aromatic terephthalate and new indole-based polyesters was evaluated using polymers in powder form. Compared with IsPETase, an enzyme derived from Ideonella sakaiensis, PET2 showed a lower PET depolymerization yield. However, interestingly, PET2 produced significantly higher polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) and polyhexylene terephthalate (PHT) depolymerization yields. A clear preference was found for aromatic indole-derived polyesters over non-aromatic ones. No activity was detected on Akestra™, an amorphous copolyester with spiroacetal structures. Docking studies suggest that a narrower and more hydrophobic active site reduces its activity on PET but favors its interaction with PBT and PHT. Understanding the enzyme preferences of polymers will contribute to their effective use to depolymerize different types of polyesters.
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Lee, Dae-Hoon, Kue-Lak Choi, Mi-Hee Na, and Hee-Chul Cha. "Mechanical Properties of PET/PTT/Rayon Staple Blended Fabrics." Textile Science and Engineering 49, no. 2 (2012): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12772/tse.2012.49.2.126.
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Wagner-Egea, Paula, Virginia Tosi, Ping Wang, Carl Grey, Baozhong Zhang, and Javier A. Linares-Pastén. "Assessment of IsPETase-Assisted Depolymerization of Terephthalate Aromatic Polyesters and the Effect of the Thioredoxin Fusion Domain." Applied Sciences 11, no. 18 (2021): 8315. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11188315.
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Terephthalate polyesters such as poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) have been massively produced over the last few decades due to their attractive properties in multiple applications. However, due to their limited biodegradability, they have accumulated in landfills and oceans, posing an environmental threat. Enzymatic recycling technologies are predicted to generate long-term socioeconomic benefits. In the present work, we compared the IsPETase (from Ideonella sakaiensis 201-F6) activity on a series of polyesters, including poly(butylene) terephthalate (PBT), poly(hexamethylene) terephthalate (PHT) and Akestra™, with PET. The IsPETase showed remarkable activity toward PET (39% degradation of the original polyester) that was higher than that toward Akestra™ (0.13%), PBT (0.25%) and PHT (0.13%) after 72 h. Thus, based on experimental data and computational analysis, we report insights into IsPETase activity on a series of terephthalate-based polyesters. Aside from that, the fusion domain (Trx) effect in the production and activity of a recombinant Trx-IsPETase is reported.
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Run, Mingtao, Aijun Song, Yingjin Wang, and Chenguang Yao. "Melting, crystallization behaviors, and nonisothermal crystallization kinetics of PET/PTT/PBT ternary blends." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 104, no. 5 (2007): 3459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.26147.
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Bouihi, Fatiha, Bruno Schmaltz, Fabrice Mathevet та ін. "D-π-A-Type Pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-Based Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells: Effect of the Functionalization Position". Materials 15, № 22 (2022): 7992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15227992.
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Donor–acceptor (D–A) small molecules are regarded as promising hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their tunable optoelectronic properties. This paper reports the design, synthesis and characterization of three novel isomeric D-π-A small molecules PY1, PY2 and PY3. The chemical structures of the molecules consist of a pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine acceptor core functionalized with one 3,6-bis(4,4′-dimethoxydiphenylamino)carbazole (3,6-CzDMPA) donor moiety via a phenyl π-spacer at the 3, 5 and 7 positions, respectively. The isolated compounds possess suitable energy levels, sufficient thermal stability (Td > 400 °C), molecular glass behavior with Tg values in the range of 127–136 °C slightly higher than that of the reference material Spiro-OMeTAD (126 °C) and acceptable hydrophobicity. Undoped PY1 demonstrates the highest hole mobility (3 × 10−6 cm2 V−1 s−1) compared to PY2 and PY3 (1.3 × 10−6 cm2 V−1 s−1). The whole isomers were incorporated as doped HTMs in planar n-i-p PSCs based on double cation perovskite FA0.85Cs0.15Pb(I0.85Br0.15)3. The non-optimized device fabricated using PY1 exhibited a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 12.41%, similar to that obtained using the reference, Spiro-OMeTAD, which demonstrated a maximum PCE of 12.58% under the same conditions. The PY2 and PY3 materials demonstrated slightly lower performance in device configuration, with relatively moderate PCEs of 10.21% and 10.82%, respectively, and slight hysteresis behavior (−0.01 and 0.02). The preliminary stability testing of PSCs is also described. The PY1-based device exhibited better stability than the device using Spiro-OMeTAD, which could be related to its slightly superior hydrophobic character preventing water diffusion into the perovskite layer.
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Verges, Virginia L., and David A. Van Sanford. "Genomic Selection at Preliminary Yield Trial Stage: Training Population Design to Predict Untested Lines." Agronomy 10, no. 1 (2020): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10010060.
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Genomic selection (GS) is being applied routinely in wheat breeding programs. For the evaluation of preliminary lines, this tool is becoming important because preliminary lines are generally evaluated in few environments with no replications due to the minimal amount of seed available to the breeder. A total of 816 breeding lines belonging to advanced or preliminary yield trials were included in the study. We designed different training populations (TP) to predict lines in preliminary yield trials (PYT) consisting of: (i) advanced lines of the breeding program; (ii) 50% of the preliminary lines set belonging to many families; (iii) only full sibs, consisting of 50% of lines of each family. Results showed that the strategy of splitting the preliminary set in half, phenotyping only half of the lines to serve as the TP showed the most consistent results for the different traits. For a subset of the population of lines, we observed accuracies ranging from 0.49–0.65 for yield, 0.59–0.61 for test weight, 0.70–0.72 for heading date, and 0.49–0.50 for height. Accuracies decreased with the other training population designs, and were inconsistent across preliminary line sets and traits. From a breeder’s perspective, a prediction accuracy of 0.65 meant, at 0.2 selection intensity, 75% of the best yielding lines based on phenotypic information were correctly selected by the GS model. Our results demonstrate that, despite the small family size, an approach that includes lines from the same family in both the TP and VP, together with half sibs and more distant lines, and only phenotyping the lines included in the TP, could be a useful, efficient design for establishing a GS scheme to predict lines entering first year yield trials.
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Liu, Ji, Xinshang Bao, Yongbao Gao, et al. "Composition and Geochemical Characteristics of Pyrite and Quartz: Constraints on the Origin of the Xinjiazui Gold Deposit, Northwestern Margin of the Yangtze Block, China." Minerals 12, no. 6 (2022): 688. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12060688.
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The Xinjiazui gold deposit, a newly discovered deposit, is situated in the northwestern margin of the Yangtze Block, China. The source and genesis of gold mineralization are poorly understood. It is urgent to use the H–O isotopic composition of quartz and geochemistry of pyrite to evaluate the origins of the Au and ore-forming fluids of this deposit. Three types of pyrite were identified, including synsedimentary framboidal pyrites (Py0), the directional arrangement of pyrites in pre-mineralization stage (Py1), and euhedral coarse-grain pyrites in the quartz–sulfide veins of the mineralization stage (Py2). The As content in Py2 is relatively higher than Py0 and Py1, indicating that the ore-forming fluids are strongly enriched in As. The δ34S values of Py2 (+5.50–+13.34‰) overlap with the S1–2M phyllite (+7.25‰–+8.70‰). This result is consistent with the Pb isotopic composition of Py2, showing that the source of ore-forming materials was derived from the S1–2M phyllite. Meanwhile, the variations in quartz’s H and O isotopic composition suggest that the ore-forming fluids were derived originally from metamorphic fluid. Additionally, the Au mineralization is strictly controlled by the shear zone. Above all, we would like to classify the Xinjiazui deposit as an orogenic gold deposit.
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Chang, Jin-Hae. "Comparison of Thermomechanical Properties and Morphologies of Polyester Nanocomposite Fibers: PBT, PET, and PTT." Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering 47, no. 8 (2008): 791–801. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03602550802188680.
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Zhang, Zhi-Hui, Cheng-Peng Li, Yi-Ling Tian, and Ya-Mei Guo. "{[Cd2(pyt)2(chdc)(H2O)](H2O)2}n: A unique bilayer coordination polymer with mixed-connected network topology (Hpyt=5-(4-pyridyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol and H2chdc=1,4-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid)." Inorganic Chemistry Communications 11, no. 3 (2008): 326–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2007.12.028.
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Srećković, Jelena. "DUGI PUT U PAT." Nacionalni interes 1, no. 1 (2005): 226–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22182/ni.112005.13.
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Al-Mulla, Adam. "Enthalpy-Entropy Compensation in Polyester Degradation Reactions." International Journal of Chemical Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/782346.
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In an earlier work the author had studied the degradation kinetics of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytrimethylene terephthalate (PTT), and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) under nonisothermal conditions in air and N2at heating rates of 5, 10, 15, and 20°C/min. In this paper the kinetic degradation parameters of PET, PTT, and PBT were estimated using the Coats-Redfern method for two different weight loss regions ranging from 2–8% (Zone I) and 8–40% (Zone II). A comparative analysis of the enthalpy-entropy compensation effect for these polyesters in air and N2is presented. A linear relationship was found to exist between entropy and enthalpy values. The following criteria were applied to establish an enthalpy-entropy compensation effect and to check the presence of an isokinetic temperature: (a) Exner’s plot of logk3T1versus logk3T2, and (b) Krug et al. linear regression of ΔHversus ΔG.By the use of the latter two methods, varying isokinetic temperatures were obtained. These temperatures were not in the range of the experimental work conducted, indicating that these systems do not display compensation phenomena.
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Song, Weifang, Pan Wu, Jianzhong Liu, et al. "Genesis of the Tangshang Au Deposit in Southeast Yunnan Province, China: Constraints from In Situ Chemical and S-Sr Isotope Analyses." Minerals 12, no. 7 (2022): 806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12070806.
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The Yunnan–Guizhou–Guangxi district (also known as the Dian–Qian–Gui “Golden Triangle”) in southwestern China contains numerous Carlin-type Au deposits (CTGDs). However, the sources of Au and Au-bearing fluids in these deposits remain controversial. The Tangshang Au deposit is a middle-sized CTGD in southeastern Yunnan Province. This study involved in situ chemical and S isotope analyses of sulfides and in situ trace elemental and Sr isotope analyses of ore-related calcite; these data were used to trace the sources of fluids and Au, as well as the genesis of this deposit. Four pyrite types (Py1, Py2, Py3, and Py4) and two arsenopyrite types (Apy1 and Apy2) were identified based on their textural characteristics. It was found that Py1 contains relatively lower Au, Sb, Cu, and Tl contents than those of Py2, Py3, and Py4. Py1 is wrapped by rim-Py2 and Py3, which indicates an early-ore-stage genesis. The Carlin-type mineralization elements are elevated in the pyrites (Au = 3.04–38.1 ppm; As = 40,932–65,833 ppm; Tl = 0 to 3.3 ppm; Sb = 1.2 to 343 ppm; and Cu = 10 to 102 ppm), and the average Co/Ni ratio is 0.54. Additionally, Au has a positive correlation with Tl and Cu. The high concentrations of As and Au in all types of pyrite indicate that the ore-forming fluids are rich in both elements. The sulfides in the ores were shown to produce similar S isotope ratios, which are obviously higher than the S isotope value of sulfide (~0‰) in Emeishan basalt; therefore, the integration of these and elemental composition data indicated that all pyrites (Py1, Py2, Py3, and Py4) form during the ore stage. These results also demonstrate that the δ34S values of the Au-bearing fluids are higher than those of basalt wall rocks. The flat chondrite-normalized REEs pattern and positive Eu anomaly of the calcite were similar to those obtained from Emeishan basalt, which suggests a reducing characteristic of hydrothermal fluids. The 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.70557–0.70622) of calcite were also comparable to the range obtained from Emeishan basalt. Some slightly higher 87Sr/86Sr ratios, which ranged between those obtained from Emeishan basalt and limestone from the Maokou Formation, indicated that the Sr isotope ratios of the Au-bearing fluids are higher than those of Emeishan basalt. Based on data generated in the present study and the regional geology of this area, a genetic model involving a metamorphic fluid system was proposed for the Tangshang gold deposit, and a gold mineralization event related to metamorphic fluid in the south of the Dian–Qian–Gui “Golden Triangle” was indicated.
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Ahmed, A., Ramalingam, J., and Sheriff, H. H. "INTROGRESSION OF BACTERIAL BLIGHT RESISTANCE GENES; Xa33 AND Xa38 INTO RICE GENOTYPE ADT 47 THROUGH MARKER ASSISTED SELECTION." Journal of Agripreneurship and Sustainable Development 2, no. 2 (2019): 125–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.59331/jasd.v2i2.87.
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Bacterial blight is one of the serious diseases of rice. Utilization of resistant varieties is considered to be the most effective method of control. ADT 47 rice genotype has nearly been improved with the blight resistance genes xa5, xa13 and Xa21, through marker assisted selection (MAS). As the objective of this study, marker assisted backcrossing breeding (MABB) was adopted for targeted introgression of the broad spectrum resistance genes, Xa33 and Xa38 to the Improved ADT 47 rice variety. The rice genotypes FBRI-15, PR114 were used as donors of Xa33 and Xa38 genes, respectively. The marker RMWR7.1 linked to Xa33 and the sequenced-tagged site marker Os04g53050-1 specific to Xa38 were validated in parents who were used for foreground selection. True F1 hybrids were selected using the polymorphic markers. Out of one hundred and thirty seven SSR markers, forty-two were polymorphic for Improved ADT 47 x FBRI-16 which was used for background selection. Foreground selection revealed that a single F1 plant was heterozygote in Improved ADT 47 x FBRI-15 and it was used to develop BC1 generation. At BC1F1, one plant was found to be heterozygous for Improved ADT 47 x FBRI-15. At BC2F1, a single plant was found heterozygous as well from the cross. In the final BC3F1 population, one heterozygous plant was validated from the cross, the plant was subjected to background selection for selecting plants having the genetic background similar to that of the recurrent parent (i.e., confirmation of recurrent parent genome recovery) using the forty-two dominant SSR markers. In BC3F1, there was a 92.80% parental genome recovery in the Improved ADT 47 x FBRI-15. This high parental genome line was selfed to produce BC2F2 for selection of homozygous lines for xa5, xa13, Xa21 and Xa33/Xa38. The study recommends that the BC2F2 plants will be selfed using pedigree method and then advance to preliminary yield trial (PYT), then Advanced yield trial (AYT) and finally to on farm assessment for release.
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Song, Fanyue, Qianhui Zhang, Kadio Aka Donald Koua, et al. "Trace Element and Sulfur Isotopic Analysis of Pyrite from the Luyuangou Gold Deposit, Xiong’ershan Au-Ag Polymetallic District, Central China: Implications for The Origin and Evolution of Ore-Forming Fluids." Minerals 13, no. 3 (2023): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13030407.
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The Luyuangou gold deposit is located in the eastern section of the Xiong’ershan Au-Ag polymetallic district (XESPMD) and consists of a few gold-bearing veins found in the EW-striking faults located in the Archean Taihua and Mesoproterozoic Xiong’er Groups. The gold deposits contain numerous gold-bearing pyrites in thin quartz veins, representing an ideal tool for explaining the enigmatic genesis of gold deposits in the XESPMD. The distributions of trace elements and the sulfur isotopes of gold-bearing pyrite in the Luyuangou gold deposit were investigated to define the origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids. Five generations of pyrite have been identified: coarse-grained euhedral pyrite cores (Py1-1) and margins (Py1-2) in milky quartz veins, fine-grained pyrite (Py2) in quartz veins and host rocks, pyrite (Py3) in quartz + polymetallic sulfide veins, and pyrites (Py4) in quartz calcite veins. The distributions of trace elements indicated that Py2 and Py3 represented the main gold-bearing minerals and contained high concentrations of As, Au, Ag, Pb, Zn, and Cu, and the distributions were controlled by the micro/nanoinclusions. The δ34S values in the five pyrite generations ranged from −19.5 to 3.4‰. Py2 (−15.4 to −6.1‰) and Py3 (−19.5 to −12.4‰) had the lowest δ34S values, indicating that the sulfur originated from an oxidizing fluid. Py1 showed δ34S values (−0.3 to 1.9‰) corresponding to a magmatic origin. Py4 (1.1–3.4‰) displayed the highest δ34S values, indicating that the sulfur originated from the host rock under the action of meteoric water cycles. Analyses of the pyrite’s trace elements and sulfur isotopes, in combination with geological evidence, indicated that magmatic ore-forming fluids contributed to the formation of the Luyuangou gold deposit. The magmatic ore-forming fluids interacted with meteoric water during the main mineralization period. The changing physicochemical conditions of the mineralized fluids caused the precipitation of a large amount of gold and other mineralized elements.
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Yang, Hui, and Huashan Sun. "Microfabrics, In Situ Trace Element Compositions of Pyrite, and the Sulfur Isotope Chemistry of Sulfides from the Xitieshan Pb-Zn Deposit, Qinghai Province, Northwest China: Analysis and Implications." Minerals 13, no. 12 (2023): 1549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min13121549.
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The Xitieshan deposit, located in the central segment of the northern margin of the Qaidam Basin, is among the largest massive Pb-Zn sulfide deposits in China. This deposit, along with its ore-bearing rock series known as the Tanjianshan Group, underwent greenschist facies metamorphism due to subsequent orogeny. We investigated the in situ sulfur isotopes of sulfides with different occurrences to define the origin of ore-forming fluids. The δ34S values of sulfides from stratiform ores, massive ores in schist, stockwork ores in marble, schist and discolored altered rocks that constitute a typical double-mineralization structure range from −5.3‰ to +5.6‰ and from −1.7‰ to +32‰, respectively, indicating distinct biological and thermochemical reductions in seawater sulfates. These are similar to the sulfur isotopic characteristics of VSHMS deposits. Pyrite, whose LA-ICP-MS trace element compositions can provide significant information about metallogenic evolution and deposit genesis, is ubiquitous throughout the whole mineralization process. In these stratiform, massive and stockwork ores, three pyrite types were identified: colloform pyrite (Py0), fine-grained anhedral spongy pyrite (Py1) and coarse-grained euhedral pyrite (Py2). The contents of most metallogenic elements, such as Cu, Pb, Zn, Ag, Mo, Mn and Sn, decrease from Py0 to Py2 with the enhancement of metamorphic recrystallization. This suggests that the expelled elements appear as inclusions in primitive pyrite, contributing to the precipitation of new sulfide phases, such as sphalerite and galena. Orogenic metamorphism played an important role in controlling further Pb-Zn enrichment of the Xitieshan deposit. Moreover, there is another mineralization type, primarily occurring as sulfide veins in the undeformed Formation C siltstones of the Tanjianshan Group, which also crosscut early-formed sulfides, showing close-to-zero S isotopic compositions. In this mineralization type, pyrite (Py3) displays high Se/Tl (>10) and Co/Ni (>2.2) ratios, both indicating a minor superimposed post-orogenic magmatic–hydrothermal event.
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Kim, Aeran, and Seung-hee Jeon. "Pit-a-pat, My Life." Azalea: Journal of Korean Literature & Culture 5, no. 1 (2012): 59–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/aza.2012.0002.
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