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HUNG, Chang Hung, Jung Chi SU, and Wen Tzung CHEN. "Evaluation Model for Teaching Quality of Physical Education." Asian Journal of Physical Education & Recreation 15, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24112/ajper.151778.
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LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.
This study seeks to build an evaluation model for physical education. Based on the concept of physical education quality, the questionnaire for physical education is constructed. Binominal probability distribution theory is applied to evaluate the proportion of the degree of importance and satisfaction for physical education. To evaluate the quality of physical education, the PZB concept proposed by Parasurman, Zeithaml and Berry (1985) is used to test the difference between the proportion of the degree of importance and satisfaction. Each quality performance item of education could be evaluated by figuring out the difference between the proportion of the degree of importance and satisfaction, therefore the improvement or correction could be taken if needed.
本研究旨在建構一套體育教學品質評量模式，首先以體育教學品質概念作為體育教學品質問卷建構的基礎，並以二項分配理論衡量體育教學要項的重視度比例與滿意度比例，接著以PZB服務品質落差的概念，檢驗滿意度比例與重視度比例的落差，來評估體育教學品質的良窳。教學單位只須依教學品質要項的滿意度比例及重視度比例的落差，即可評量出各教學要項的品質績效，並針對須要改進的要項進行改善。
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Liao, Ren-Chieh, Chung-Yu Pan, and Wei-Hua Wang. "An integrated approach for customer satisfaction — combining ISO 9000 QMS and PZB gap model." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 12, no. 5 (September 2009): 887–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2009.10701428.
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Kiran, Dr, and Ajmer Singh. "Service Quality Models: A Gap Study." Business and Economic Research 6, no. 1 (June 20, 2016): 464. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ber.v6i1.9636.
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<p class="ber"><span lang="EN-GB">During the past three-four decades, service quality becomes an important area for research. This paper makes an attempt to study different service quality models given by the key contributors in this area. The paper examines different models of service quality on the basis of the review of the literature. The models that have been analyzed in this paper are-Gronroos Model, Lehtinen and Lehtinen three-dimensional model, PZB Gap Model,</span><span lang="EN-US"> three components Model, RSQS Model and</span><span lang="EN-GB">Brady and Cronin Hierarchical model. From the review of the above models, we find out that there is a lot of work still available which can be done to fill the gap. Hence, this paper will provide an opportunity to the researcher to do research in those areas which are still left to be covered.</span></p>
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Chen, Y. H., L. Chang, T. H. Huang, and S. C. Chen. "Construct the PZB service quality performance model measured — an example of tourism industry in Taiwan." Journal of Statistics and Management Systems 13, no. 2 (March 2010): 351–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09720510.2010.10701473.
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Simcic Brønn, Peggy. "Adapting the PZB service quality model to reputation risk analysis and the implications for CSR communication." Journal of Communication Management 16, no. 1 (February 10, 2012): 77–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13632541211197978.
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RenChieh Liao. "Combining ISO 9001 QMS and PZB Model to Reach Customer Satisfaction for School's Extension Education Organization -- An Integrated Approach and Empirical Study in Taiwan." International Journal of Digital Content Technology and its Applications 5, no. 6 (June 30, 2011): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4156/jdcta.vol5.issue6.24.
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Herno Della, Rhaptyalyani, and Ashari Fitra Rachmannullah. "Perspektif Kepuasan Penumpang Dalam Kualitas Pelayanan Kapal Feri: Studi Kasus Pelabuhan Penyeberangan Merak-Bakauheni." Cantilever: Jurnal Penelitian dan Kajian Bidang Teknik Sipil 10, no. 1 (May 18, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.35139/cantilever.v10i1.80.
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This study evaluates passenger satisfaction from the perspective of service quality. The sample was collected by sending questionnaires from two perspectives; ferry passengers and ferry company employees at Merak-Bakauheni port in Indonesia. The PZB model is used for gap analysis and SERVQUAL dimension to assess and evaluate the service quality. The results show gaps between passenger satisfaction and ferry service quality at the Merak port - Bakauheni port. Data analysis using t-pairwise statistical method. The analysis found that gap 1; gap in perspective between the passenger expectations service and the ferry companies perceptions of their passengers expectation is very large, with the largest attributes from tangibles dimension. The largest gap of attributes from that dimension is “convenience store at the terminal.” In gap 5, the perceptions of passengers' expected and their perceived of service showed that the attribute of “Ferry service provides online services to facilitate customers” as the largest gap. Thus, from this study, ferry services need to make reformation, especially in the attribute that has a large gap. Moreover, this study provides an overview to ferry service in Indonesia to enhance their service quality.
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Toledo, Gerardo, B. Palenik, and B. Brahamsha. "Swimming Marine Synechococcus Strains with Widely Different Photosynthetic Pigment Ratios Form a Monophyletic Group." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 65, no. 12 (December 1, 1999): 5247–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.65.12.5247-5251.1999.
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ABSTRACT Unicellular marine cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in both coastal and oligotrophic regimes. The contribution of these organisms to primary production and nutrient cycling is substantial on a global scale. Natural populations of marine Synechococcus strains include multiple genetic lineages, but the link, if any, between unique phenotypic traits and specific genetic groups is still not understood. We studied the genetic diversity (as determined by the DNA-dependent RNA polymerase rpoC1 gene sequence) of a set of marineSynechococcus isolates that are able to swim. Our results show that these isolates form a monophyletic group. This finding represents the first example of correspondence between a physiological trait and a phylogenetic group in marine Synechococcus. In contrast, the phycourobilin (PUB)/phycoerythrobilin (PEB) pigment ratios of members of the motile clade varied considerably. An isolate obtained from the California Current (strain CC9703) displayed a pigment signature identical to that of nonmotile strain WH7803, which is considered a model for low-PUB/PEB-ratio strains, whereas several motile strains had higher PUB/PEB ratios than strain WH8103, which is considered a model for high-PUB/PEB-ratio strains. These findings indicate that the PUB/PEB pigment ratio is not a useful characteristic for defining phylogenetic groups of marine Synechococcusstrains.
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Rosero Barzola, Cristian Xavier, and Juan León Palacios. "Tasa de natalidad y el ingreso como determinantes de la pobreza." Visión Empresarial, no. 7 (December 27, 2017): 189. http://dx.doi.org/10.32645/13906852.317.
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La reducción de la pobreza significa un gran desafío para todos los países a nivel mundial. Por ello, el objetivo del presente artículo es analizar cómo se pueden clasificar a los países según su grado de pobreza a través de cuatro variables independientes: tasa de natalidad, tasa de mortalidad, PIB per cápita y PNB per cápita, basados en el modelo Maltusiano de población. La clasificación original se realizó de acuerdo con el Método Atlas del Banco Mundial de 2013, en el cual basado en su PNB per cápita se clasifican entre países ricos o pobres. Desde aquella clasificación se implementa un análisis discriminante con la finalidad de identificar las características que diferencian a cada grupo para poder encasillarlos adecuadamente en países ricos o pobres. El modelo resulta robusto indicando una correlación positiva entre tasa de natalidad y pobreza mientras que con el PIB y PNB per cápita la correlación es negativa.
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Wang, Zhongzhou, Haixuan Sun, Bidou Wang, and Peng Wang. "Adaptive pseudo-rigid-body model for generalized cross-spring pivots under combined loads." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 12, no. 12 (December 2020): 168781402096653. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1687814020966539.
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Generalized cross-spring pivots (CSPs) are widely used as revolute joints in precision machinery. However, pseudo-rigid-body (PRB) models cannot capture the parasitic motions of a generalized CSP exactly under combined loads; moreover, the characteristic parameters used in PRB methods must be recomputed using optimization techniques. In this study, we develop two simple and accurate PRB models for generalized CSPs. First, a PRB method for a beam is developed based on the beam constraint model and the instantaneous center model, where the beam is modeled as two rigid links joined at a pivot via a torsion spring. Subsequently, two PRB models of the generalized CSP, comprising a four-bar model for accuracy and a pin-joint model for stiffness, are constructed based on a kinematic analysis using the proposed PRB method. A deflection characteristic analysis is then conducted to determine the relationship between the proposed model and the existing models. Finally, the PRB models for the pivot under the action of combined loads are validated via finite element analysis. The error evaluation indicates that the proposed PRB models are more accurate than the results from existing methods. The PRB models proposed here can be used in parametric design of compliant mechanisms.
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Sofyani, Hafiez. "Does Performance-Based Budgeting Have a Correlation with Performance Measurement System? Evidence from Local Government in Indonesia." Foundations of Management 10, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 163–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fman-2018-0013.
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Abstract This study aimed to empirically test some variables related to Performance-Based Budgeting (PBB) and Performance Measurement System (PMS) implementation in the local government, namely Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. This study applied the mixed-methods approach with sequential explanatory strategy (QUANTITATIVE to Qualitative). Quantitative stage was conducted by testing the hypothesis using the Structural Equation Model (SEM) approach. On the qualitative stage, the interview was conducted to dig more information on the unsupported hypothesis. From the result of the hypothesis testing, it was discovered that the limitation of information system had a negative influence, while education had a positive influence towards the effectiveness of PBB. Furthermore, the effectiveness of PBB had a positive influence towards budget absorption, and the accountability also had a positive influence towards the use of performance information to practice the arrangement of PPB. Meanwhile, the qualitative analysis produced the finding that there were practices of PBB that could still be done manually and it was not supported by information technology. Besides, the implementation of PMS and PBB was more because of the coercive pressure rather than consciousness of normative apparatus.
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Andriani, Yuli, Hotmalina Silitonga, and Anjar Wanto. "Analisis Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan untuk prediksi volume ekspor dan impor migas di Indonesia." Register: Jurnal Ilmiah Teknologi Sistem Informasi 4, no. 1 (November 24, 2018): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.26594/register.v4i1.1157.
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Analisis pada penelitian penting dilakukan untuk tujuan mengetahui ketepatan dan keakuratan dari penelitian itu sendiri. Begitu juga dalam prediksi volume ekspor dan impor migas di Indonesia. Dilakukannya penelitian ini untuk mengetahui seberapa besar perkembangan ekspor dan impor Indonesia di bidang migas di masa yang akan datang. Penelitian ini menggunakan Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (JST) atau Artificial Neural Network (ANN) dengan algoritma Backpropagation. Data penelitian ini bersumber dari dokumen kepabeanan Ditjen Bea dan Cukai yaitu Pemberitahuan Ekspor Barang (PEB) dan Pemberitahuan Impor Barang (PIB). Berdasarkan data ini, variabel yang digunakan ada 7, antara lain: Tahun, ekspor minyak mentah, impor minyak mentah, ekspor hasil minyak, impor hasil minyak, ekspor gas dan impor gas. Ada 5 model arsitektur yang digunakan pada penelitian ini, 12-5-1, 12-7-1, 12-8-1, 12-10-1 dan 12-14-1. Dari ke 5 model yang digunakan, yang terbaik adalah 12-5-1 dengan menghasilkan tingkat akurasi 83%, MSE 0,0281641257 dengan tingkat error yang digunakan 0,001-0,05. Sehingga model ini bagus untuk memprediksi volume ekspor dan impor migas di Indonesia, karena akurasianya antara 80% hingga 90%. Analysis of the research is Imporant used to know precision and accuracy of the research itself. It is also in the prediction of Volume Exports and Impors of Oil and Gas in Indonesia. This research is conducted to find out how much the development of Indonesia's exports and Impors in the field of oil and gas in the future. This research used Artificial Neural Network with Backpropagation algorithm. The data of this research have as a source from custom documents of the Directorate General of Customs and Excise (Declaration Form/PEB and Impor Export Declaration/PIB). Based on this data, there are 7 variables used, among others: Year, Crude oil exports, Crude oil Impors, Exports of oil products, Impored oil products, Gas exports and Gas Impors. There are 5 architectural models used in this study, 12-5-1, 12-7-1, 12-8-1, 12-10-1 and 12-14-1. Of the 5 models has used, the best models is 12-5-1 with an accuracy 83%, MSE 0.0281641257 with error rate 0.001-0.05. So this model is good to predict the Volume of Exports and Impors of Oil and Gas in Indonesia, because its accuracy between 80% to 90%.
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de Vries, Ida, Tim Kwakman, Xiang-Jun Lu, Maarten L. Hekkelman, Mandar Deshpande, Sameer Velankar, Anastassis Perrakis, and Robbie P. Joosten. "New restraints and validation approaches for nucleic acid structures in PDB-REDO." Acta Crystallographica Section D Structural Biology 77, no. 9 (August 24, 2021): 1127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2059798321007610.
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The quality of macromolecular structure models crucially depends on refinement and validation targets, which optimally describe the expected chemistry. Commonly used software for these two procedures has been designed and developed in a protein-centric manner, resulting in relatively few established features for the refinement and validation of nucleic acid-containing structure models. Here, new nucleic acid-specific approaches implemented in PDB-REDO are described, including a new restraint model using noncovalent geometries (base-pair hydrogen bonding and base-pair stacking) as refinement targets. New validation routines are also presented, including a metric for Watson–Crick base-pair geometry normality (Z bpG). Applying the PDB-REDO pipeline with the new restraint model to the whole Protein Data Bank (PDB) demonstrates an overall positive effect on the quality of nucleic acid-containing structure models. Finally, we discuss examples of improvements in the geometry of specific nucleic acid structures in the PDB. The new PDB-REDO models and pipeline are available at https://pdb-redo.eu/.
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Ostler, Andreas, Ralf Sussmann, Prabir K. Patra, Sander Houweling, Marko De Bruine, Gabriele P. Stiller, Florian J. Haenel, et al. "Evaluation of column-averaged methane in models and TCCON with a focus on the stratosphere." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 9, no. 9 (September 28, 2016): 4843–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-9-4843-2016.
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Abstract. The distribution of methane (CH4) in the stratosphere can be a major driver of spatial variability in the dry-air column-averaged CH4 mixing ratio (XCH4), which is being measured increasingly for the assessment of CH4 surface emissions. Chemistry-transport models (CTMs) therefore need to simulate the tropospheric and stratospheric fractional columns of XCH4 accurately for estimating surface emissions from XCH4. Simulations from three CTMs are tested against XCH4 observations from the Total Carbon Column Network (TCCON). We analyze how the model–TCCON agreement in XCH4 depends on the model representation of stratospheric CH4 distributions. Model equivalents of TCCON XCH4 are computed with stratospheric CH4 fields from both the model simulations and from satellite-based CH4 distributions from MIPAS (Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding) and MIPAS CH4 fields adjusted to ACE-FTS (Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier Transform Spectrometer) observations. Using MIPAS-based stratospheric CH4 fields in place of model simulations improves the model–TCCON XCH4 agreement for all models. For the Atmospheric Chemistry Transport Model (ACTM) the average XCH4 bias is significantly reduced from 38.1 to 13.7 ppb, whereas small improvements are found for the models TM5 (Transport Model, version 5; from 8.7 to 4.3 ppb) and LMDz (Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique model with zooming capability; from 6.8 to 4.3 ppb). Replacing model simulations with MIPAS stratospheric CH4 fields adjusted to ACE-FTS reduces the average XCH4 bias for ACTM (3.3 ppb), but increases the average XCH4 bias for TM5 (10.8 ppb) and LMDz (20.0 ppb). These findings imply that model errors in simulating stratospheric CH4 contribute to model biases. Current satellite instruments cannot definitively measure stratospheric CH4 to sufficient accuracy to eliminate these biases. Applying transport diagnostics to the models indicates that model-to-model differences in the simulation of stratospheric transport, notably the age of stratospheric air, can largely explain the inter-model spread in stratospheric CH4 and, hence, its contribution to XCH4. Therefore, it would be worthwhile to analyze how individual model components (e.g., physical parameterization, meteorological data sets, model horizontal/vertical resolution) impact the simulation of stratospheric CH4 and XCH4.
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Jakuš, Vladimír. "Evaluation of adsorption and retention models for separation of polychlorinated biphenyls by HPLC on reversed phases." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 56, no. 12 (1991): 2849–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19912849.
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Adsorption model for separation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) in HPLC on reversed phases (chemically bonded C18) was applied to a series of 15 PCB. The values for adsorption interaction energy were computed employing the method of empirical potential functions according to Dashevskii. The model of interphase partitioning and the partition model of separation are also presented with respect to the optimized geometry of the PCB molecule with an optimal torsion angle. The Gibbs solvation energies in the stationary (octanol) and mobile (water) phases for 15 PCB were computed by means of continuum models. The energy values were correlated with capacity factors and partition coefficients. Correlation analysis indicated the dominant role in PCB separations to be partition processes of the solute in mobile phase; adsorption on these surfaces does not influence considerably the separation process.
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Shmeleva, T. R. "REENTERABLE MODEL OF PBB NETWORK." Proceedings of the O.S. Popov ОNAT 1, no. 2 (December 31, 2018): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2518-7139-2018-1-2-75-82.
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Gregor, V., J. Kratochvíl, and M. Saxlová. "The model of PSB formation." Materials Science and Engineering: A 234-236 (August 1997): 209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0921-5093(97)00218-9.
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Son, Myeongjoo, Seyeon Oh, Chang Hu Choi, Kook Yang Park, Kuk Hui Son, and Kyunghee Byun. "Pyrogallol-Phloroglucinol-6,6-Bieckol from Ecklonia cava Attenuates Tubular Epithelial Cell (TCMK-1) Death in Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Injury." Marine Drugs 17, no. 11 (October 24, 2019): 602. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17110602.
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The hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury causes serious complications after the blood supply to the kidney is stopped during surgery. The main mechanism of I/R injury is the release of high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) from injured tubular epithelial cells (TEC, TCMK-1 cell), which triggers TLR4 or RAGE signaling, leading to cell death. We evaluated whether the extracts of Ecklonia cava (E. cava) would attenuate TEC death induced by H/R injury. We also evaluated which phlorotannin—dieckol (DK), phlorofucofuroeckol A (PFFA), pyrogallol phloroglucinol-6,6-bieckol (PPB), or 2,7-phloroglucinol-6,6-bieckol (PHB)—would have the most potent effect in the context of H/R injury. We used for pre-hypoxia treatment, in which the phlorotannins from E. cava extracts were added before the onset of hypoxia, and a post- hypoxia treatment, in which the phlorotannins were added before the start of reperfusion. PPB most effectively reduced HMGB1 release and the expression of TLR4 and RAGE induced by H/R injury in both pre- and post-hypoxia treatment. PPB also most effectively inhibited the expression of NF-kB and release of the inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-6 in both models. PPB most effectively inhibited cell death and expression of cell death signaling molecules such as Erk/pErk, JNK/pJNK, and p38/pp38. These results suggest that PPB blocks the HGMB1–TLR4/RAGE signaling pathway and decreases TEC death induced by H/R and that PPB can be a novel target for renal H/R injury therapy.
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van Beusekom, Bart, Krista Joosten, Maarten L. Hekkelman, Robbie P. Joosten, and Anastassis Perrakis. "Homology-based loop modeling yields more complete crystallographic protein structures." IUCrJ 5, no. 5 (August 8, 2018): 585–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252518010552.
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Inherent protein flexibility, poor or low-resolution diffraction data or poorly defined electron-density maps often inhibit the building of complete structural models during X-ray structure determination. However, recent advances in crystallographic refinement and model building often allow completion of previously missing parts. This paper presents algorithms that identify regions missing in a certain model but present in homologous structures in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), and `graft' these regions of interest. These new regions are refined and validated in a fully automated procedure. Including these developments in the PDB-REDO pipeline has enabled the building of 24 962 missing loops in the PDB. The models and the automated procedures are publicly available through the PDB-REDO databank and webserver. More complete protein structure models enable a higher quality public archive but also a better understanding of protein function, better comparison between homologous structures and more complete data mining in structural bioinformatics projects.
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He, Jian-Rong, Rema Ramakrishnan, Yu-Mian Lai, Wei-Dong Li, Xuan Zhao, Yan Hu, Nian-Nian Chen, et al. "Predictions of Preterm Birth from Early Pregnancy Characteristics: Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study." Journal of Clinical Medicine 7, no. 8 (July 27, 2018): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm7080185.
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Preterm birth (PTB, <37 weeks) is the leading cause of death in children <5 years of age. Early risk prediction for PTB would enable early monitoring and intervention. However, such prediction models have been rarely reported, especially in low- and middle-income areas. We used data on a number of easily accessible predictors during early pregnancy from 9044 women in Born in Guangzhou Cohort Study, China to generate prediction models for overall PTB and spontaneous, iatrogenic, late (34–36 weeks), and early (<34 weeks) PTB. Models were constructed using the Cox proportional hazard model, and their performance was evaluated by Harrell’s c and D statistics and calibration plot. We further performed a systematic review to identify published models and validated them in our population. Our new prediction models had moderate discrimination, with Harrell’s c statistics ranging from 0.60–0.66 for overall and subtypes of PTB. Significant predictors included maternal age, height, history of preterm delivery, amount of vaginal bleeding, folic acid intake before pregnancy, and passive smoking during pregnancy. Calibration plots showed good fit for all models except for early PTB. We validated three published models, all of which were from studies conducted in high-income countries; the area under receiver operating characteristic for these models ranged from 0.50 to 0.56. Based on early pregnancy characteristics, our models have moderate predictive ability for PTB. Future studies should consider inclusion of laboratory markers for the prediction of PTB.
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Oh, Seyeon, Myeongjoo Son, Chul-Hyun Park, Ji Tae Jang, Kuk Hui Son, and Kyunghee Byun. "Pyrogallol-Phloroglucinol-6,6-Bieckolon Attenuates Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Phenotype Switching in Hyperlipidemia through Modulation of Chemokine Receptor 5." Marine Drugs 18, no. 8 (July 27, 2020): 393. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18080393.
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Hyperlipidemia induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and phenotype switching from contractile to synthetic. This process is involved in arterial remodeling via the chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5)/chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) pathway. Arterial remodeling is related to atherosclerosis or intimal hyperplasia. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether pyrogallol-phloroglucinol-6,6-bieckol (PPB) from E. cava reduces VSMC proliferation and phenotype switching via the CCL5/CCR5 pathway. The CCL5/CCR5 expression, VSMC proliferation and phenotypic alterations were evaluated using a cell model of VSMC exposed in hyperlipidemia, and an animal model of mice fed a high-fat-diet (HFD). The expression of CCL5/CCR5 increased in both the cell and animal models of hyperlipidemia. Treatment with PPB decreased CCL5/CCR5 expression in both models. The expression of contractile markers of VSMCs, including alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SM-MHC), and smooth muscle protein 22 alpha (SM22α), were decreased by hyperlipidemia and restored after treatment with PPB. The silencing of CCR5 attenuated the effects of PPB treatment. VSMC proliferation and the intima-media thickness of the aortas, increased with HFD and decreased after treatment with PPB. The VSMC proliferation ratio and messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of cell cycle regulatory factors increased in the in vitro model and were restored after treatment with PPB. PPB treatment reduced VSMC proliferation and phenotype switching induced by hyperlipidemia through inhibition of the CCL5/CCR5 pathway.
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GUO, Xiajuan. "Women's Participation in China's Budgeting Process." East Asian Policy 06, no. 04 (October 2014): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793930514000373.
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Participatory gender budget (PGB) has been in practice in China since 2005. Three PGB models have evolved: the “outsider model”, the “insider model” and the “integrated model”. Among the three, Zhejiang's Wenling experiment is unique due to its introduction of the “democratic consultation meeting”; it has accelerated the fulfilment of government's commitment to gender equality, executed some adjustments to the government budget, enhanced equal resource distribution and empowered women in the budget-making process.
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Brenneman, Mark, Amanda Field, Jiandong Yang, Gretchen Williams, Leslie Doros, Christopher Rossi, Kris Ann Schultz, et al. "Temporal order of RNase IIIb and loss-of-function mutations during development determines phenotype in pleuropulmonary blastoma / DICER1 syndrome: a unique variant of the two-hit tumor suppression model." F1000Research 4 (January 12, 2018): 214. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.6746.2.
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Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is the most frequent pediatric lung tumor and often the first indication of a pleiotropic cancer predisposition, DICER1 syndrome, comprising a range of other individually rare, benign and malignant tumors of childhood and early adulthood. The genetics of DICER1-associated tumorigenesis are unusual in that tumors typically bear neomorphic missense mutations at one of five specific “hotspot” codons within the RNase IIIb domain of DICER 1, combined with complete loss of function (LOF) in the other allele. We analyzed a cohort of 124 PPB children for predisposing DICER1 mutations and sought correlations with clinical phenotypes. Over 70% have inherited or de novo germline LOF mutations, most of which truncate the DICER1 open reading frame. We identified a minority of patients who have no germline mutation, but are instead mosaic for predisposing DICER1 mutations. Mosaicism for RNase IIIb domain hotspot mutations defines a special category of DICER1 syndrome patients, clinically distinguished from those with germline or mosaic LOF mutations by earlier onsets and numerous discrete foci of neoplastic disease involving multiple syndromic organ sites. A final category of PBB patients lack predisposing germline or mosaic mutations and have sporadic (rather than syndromic) disease limited to a single PPB tumor bearing tumor-specific RNase IIIb and LOF mutations. We propose that acquisition of a neomorphic RNase IIIb domain mutation is the rate limiting event in DICER1-associated tumorigenesis, and that distinct clinical phenotypes associated with mutational categories reflect the temporal order in which LOF and RNase IIIb domain mutations are acquired during development.
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Ichsan, Ilmi Zajuli, Henita Rahmayanti, Agung Purwanto, Diana Vivanti Sigit, and Md Mehadi Rahman. "PEB-COVID-19: Analysis of Students Behavior and ILMIZI Model in Environmental Learning." Jurnal Iqra' : Kajian Ilmu Pendidikan 5, no. 1 (May 16, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.25217/ji.v5i1.901.
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Environmental learning during COVID-19 experienced a change to e-learning. The use of learning models must be compatible; one model that can be chosen was the ILMIZI model. In addition to learning the concept of COVID-19, students must also be able to implement it in the form of Pro-Environmental Behavior (PEB) COVID- 19. The purpose of this study was to analyze descriptively about PEB-COVID-19 and also analyze the potential of ILMIZI to be applied in e-learning. The research conducted using a descriptive method. The sample was 148 Junior High School students located in Bekasi City and Bandung city. The data was collected online using Google form. The results showed that the PEB-COVID-19 student score was already in the very high category. While the results of the analysis show that the ILMIZI model allows it to be used in e-learning. This study concluded that the score of PEB-COVID-19 students was still in the very low category and the use of the ILMIZI model was one form of learning innovation.
Keywords: COVID-19, ILMIZI Model, PEB-COVID-19, Pro-Environmental Behavior
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Hoekstra, Alfons G., Saad Alowayyed, Eric Lorenz, Natalia Melnikova, Lampros Mountrakis, Britt van Rooij, Andrew Svitenkov, Gábor Závodszky, and Pavel Zun. "Towards the virtual artery: a multiscale model for vascular physiology at the physics–chemistry–biology interface." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2080 (November 13, 2016): 20160146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2016.0146.
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This discussion paper introduces the concept of the Virtual Artery as a multiscale model for arterial physiology and pathologies at the physics–chemistry–biology (PCB) interface. The cellular level is identified as the mesoscopic level, and we argue that by coupling cell-based models with other relevant models on the macro- and microscale, a versatile model of arterial health and disease can be composed. We review the necessary ingredients, both models of arteries at many different scales, as well as generic methods to compose multiscale models. Next, we discuss how this can be combined into the virtual artery. Finally, we argue that the concept of models at the PCB interface could or perhaps should become a powerful paradigm, not only as in our case for studying physiology, but also for many other systems that have such PCB interfaces. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Multiscale modelling at the physics–chemistry–biology interface’.
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Stow, Craig A., Stephen R. Carpenter, and James F. Amrhein. "PCB Concentration Trends in Lake Michigan Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Chinook Salmon (O. tshawytscha)." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 51, no. 6 (June 1, 1994): 1384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f94-138.
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Lake Michigan coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) PCB concentration data from 1974 to 1990 were examined. The mean and variance of the concentrations exhibited a generally decreasing pattern in each species. Three alternative models, an exponential decay model, a double exponential decay model, and an exponential decay model with a nonzero asymptote, were fit to the data. The double exponential model provided the best fit for both species. Estimated rate coefficients for this model indicated that an early rapid decrease in PCBs has slowed and that PCBs may currently be increasing in coho and chinook salmon. These PCB increases may be the indirect result of a decline in the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) forage base that occurred during the 1980s. Parameter estimates from the nonzero asymptote model suggested that PCB levels may not decrease substantially below the current 2 mg/kg FDA action level. Significant decreases of PCB concentrations in coho and chinook salmon may depend on fisheries management practices that promote higher fish growth rates.
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Raja, Rakesh, Indrajit Mukherjee, and Bikash Kanti Sarkar. "A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Preterm Birth in Rural India." Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (June 15, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6665573.
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Preterm birth (PTB) in a pregnant woman is the most serious issue in the field of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, especially in rural India. In recent years, various clinical prediction models for PTB have been developed to improve the accuracy of learning models. However, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, most of them suffer from selecting the most accurate features from the medical dataset in linear time. The present paper attempts to design a machine learning model named as risk prediction conceptual model (RPCM) for the prediction of PTB. In this paper, a feature selection approach is proposed based on the notion of entropy. The novel approach is used to find the best maternal features (responsible for PTB) from the obstetrical dataset and aims to predict the classifier’s accuracy at the highest level. The paper first deals with the review of PTB cases (which is neglected in many developing countries including India). Next, we collect obstetrical data from the Community Health Centre of rural areas (Kamdara, Jharkhand). The suggested approach is then applied on collected data to identify the excellent maternal features (text-based symptoms) present in pregnant women in order to classify all birth cases into term birth and PTB. The machine learning part of the model is implemented using three different classifiers, namely, decision tree (DT), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM) for PTB prediction. The performance of the classifiers is measured in terms of accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. Finally, the SVM classifier generates an accuracy of 90.9%, which is higher than other learning classifiers used in this study.
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Hickie, Brendan E., Michael CS Kingsley, Peter V. Hodson, Derek CG Muir, Pierre Béland, and Donald Mackay. "A modelling-based perspective on the past, present, and future polychlorinated biphenyl contamination of the St. Lawrence beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) population." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 57, S1 (March 14, 2000): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f99-242.
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Individual- and population-based models are presented that provide quantitative assessments of the accumulation of persistent organic pollutants over the lifetime of the beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and consider all aspects of its life history. The models are used to examine the history of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) accumulation by the endangered St. Lawrence beluga population from 1950 to the present and to predict future trends based on likely contaminant loading scenarios. The hypothesis that migrating American eels (Anguilla rostrata) are a significant source of contaminants to the population is examined. The history of PCB exposure via the diet is reconstructed from existing data and from PCB profiles in dated sediment cores. The models adequately describe the effects of age, growth, sex, and reproductive activity on PCB concentrations in the beluga, and results show good agreement with observed concentrations when eels are included as 3% of the annual diet. PCB levels in the population appear to have peaked between 1967 and 1972. The model agrees with recent studies that have shown that PCB concentrations in the population are declining slowly.
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Hu, Tao, Ping An Du, John H. L. Ha, and Jian Tao Liu. "Modal Sensitivity Analysis of PCB." Advanced Materials Research 199-200 (February 2011): 1308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.199-200.1308.
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By studying a typical rectangle PCB, the design parameters affecting natural frequency of PCB are found in the paper. By theoretical deduction and finite element analysis, the sensitivity of the natural frequency of PCB with respect to the design parameters is analyzed, the influence of the design parameters on nature frequency is obtained, and some conclusions for structural optimization of PCB are drawn.
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Fadhlan Khair, Abdul Rasyid, Hamidah Nasution, and Asmin Asmin. "PENGEMBANGAN PERANGKAT PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA MENGGUNAKAN MODEL TEAM GAMES TOURNAMENT UNTUK MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH SISWA MTs PAB-1 HELVETIA." Paradikma: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 14, no. 1 (July 29, 2021): 52–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/paradikma.v14i1.26997.
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Pengembangan Perangkat Pembelajaran Matematika Menggunakan Model Teams Games Tournament untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Dan Self-Efficacy Siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia melalui model team games tournament, mendeskripsikan keefektifan pembelajaran matematika untuk topik bangun datar di kelas VII MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pengembangan. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa MTs PAB-1 Helvetia. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara random dengan mengacak kelas. Siswa kelas VII (1) sebagai kelas eksperimen yang diberi perlakuan model team games tournament dan siswa kelas VII (5) sebagai kelas kontrol yang diberi perlakuan pembelajaran biasa. Instrumen yang digunakan terdiri dari: tes kemampuan pemecahan masalah, angket self-efficacy, aktivitas siswa, proses jawaban siswa.Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji t dan anava dua jalur.Hasil utama dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) Peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika yang memperoleh model team games tournament lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (2) Peningkatan self-efficacy siswa yang memperoleh model team games tournament lebih tinggi dibandingkan siswa yang menggunakan pembelajaran biasa, (3) Terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal siswa terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah, dan (4) Terdapat interaksi antara pembelajaran dengan kemampuan awal terhadap peningkatan self-efficacy siswa, (5) proses pembelajaran siswa selama pembelajaran TGT berlangsung lebih baik dan (6) Bentuk jawaban siswa lebih bervariasi dan lebih baik selama pembelajaran TGT dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran biasa. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini, maka peneliti menyarankan agar pembelajaran matematika model TGT pada pembelajaran matematika dapat dijadikan alternatif bagi guru matematika untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik dan kecerdasan emosional siswa sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk menerapkan pembelajaran matematika yang inovatif.
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Dunn, Alexis B., Anne L. Dunlop, Carol J. Hogue, Andrew Miller, and Elizabeth J. Corwin. "The Microbiome and Complement Activation: A Mechanistic Model for Preterm Birth." Biological Research For Nursing 19, no. 3 (January 11, 2017): 295–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1099800416687648.
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Preterm birth (PTB, <37 completed weeks’ gestation) is one of the leading obstetrical problems in the United States, affecting approximately one of every nine births. Even more concerning are the persistent racial disparities in PTB, with particularly high rates among African Americans. There are several recognized pathophysiologic pathways to PTB, including infection and/or exaggerated systemic or local inflammation. Intrauterine infection is a causal factor linked to PTB thought to result most commonly from inflammatory processes triggered by microbial invasion of bacteria ascending from the vaginal microbiome. Trials to treat various infections have shown limited efficacy in reducing PTB risk, suggesting that other complex mechanisms, including those associated with inflammation, may be involved in the relationship between microbes, infection, and PTB. The complement system, a key mediator of the inflammatory response, is an innate defense mechanism involved in both normal physiologic processes that occur during pregnancy implantation and processes that promote the elimination of pathogenic microbes. Recent research has demonstrated an association between this system and PTB. The purpose of this article is to present a mechanistic model of inflammation-associated PTB, which hypothesizes a relationship between the microbiome and dysregulation of the complement system. Exploring the relationships between the microbial environment and complement biomarkers may elucidate a potentially modifiable biological pathway to PTB.
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Yan, Y. Y., J. T. Lin, J. Chen, and L. Hu. "Improved simulation of tropospheric ozone by a global-multi-regional two-way coupling model system." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 18 (September 23, 2015): 25789–836. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-25789-2015.
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Abstract. Small-scale nonlinear chemical and physical processes over pollution source regions affect the global ozone (O3) chemistry, but these processes are not captured by current global chemical transport models (CTMs) and chemistry-climate models that are limited by coarse horizontal resolutions (100–500 km, typically 200 km). These models tend to contain large (and mostly positive) tropospheric O3 biases in the Northern Hemisphere. Here we use a recently built two-way coupling system of the GEOS-Chem CTM to simulate the global tropospheric O3 in 2009. The system couples the global model (at 2.5° long. × 2° lat.) and its three nested models (at 0.667° long. × 0.5° lat.) covering Asia, North America and Europe, respectively. Benefiting from the high resolution, the nested models better capture small-scale processes than the global model alone. In the coupling system, the nested models provide results to modify the global model simulation within respective nested domains while taking the lateral boundary conditions from the global model. Due to the "coupling" effects, the two-way system significantly improves the tropospheric O3 simulation upon the global model alone, as found by comparisons with a suite of ground (1420 sites from WDCGG, GMD, EMEP, and AQS), aircraft (HIPPO and MOZAIC), and satellite measurements (two OMI products). Compared to the global model alone, the two-way coupled simulation enhances the correlation in day-to-day variation of afternoon mean O3 with the ground measurements from 0.53 to 0.68, and it reduces the mean model bias from 10.8 to 6.7 ppb in annual average afternoon O3. Regionally, the coupled model reduces the bias by 4.6 ppb over Europe, 3.9 ppb over North America, and 3.1 ppb over other regions. The two-way coupling brings O3 vertical profiles much closer to the HIPPO (for remote areas) and MOZAIC (for polluted regions) data, reducing the tropospheric (0–9 km) mean bias by 3–10 ppb at most MOZAIC sites and by 5.3 ppb for HIPPO profiles. The two-way coupled simulation also reduces the global tropospheric column ozone by 3.0 DU (9.5 %, annual mean), bringing them closer to the OMI data in all seasons. Simulation improvements are more significant in the northern hemisphere, and are primarily a result of improved representation of urban-rural contrast and other small-scale processes. The two-way coupled simulation also reduces the global tropospheric mean hydroxyl radical by 5 % with enhancements by 5 % in the lifetimes of methyl chloroform (from 5.58 to 5.87 yr) and methane (from 9.63 to 10.12 yr), bringing them closer to observation-based estimates. Improving model representations of small-scale processes are a critical step forward to understanding the global tropospheric chemistry.
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Wong, Risa Liang, Medha Sagar, Jacob Hoffman, Claire Huang, Angelica Lerma, Diboro Kanabolo, Joshua Caldwell, and John L. Gore. "Clinical accuracy of information extracted from prostate needle biopsy pathology reports using natural language processing." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.1557.
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1557 Background: Patients with prostate cancer are diagnosed through a prostate needle biopsy (PNB). Information contained in PNB pathology reports is critical for informing clinical risk stratification and treatment; however, patient comprehension of PNB pathology reports is low, and formats vary widely by institution. Natural language processing (NLP) models trained to automatically extract key information from unstructured PNB pathology reports could be used to generate personalized educational materials for patients in a scalable fashion and expedite the process of collecting registry data or screening patients for clinical trials. As proof of concept, we trained and tested four NLP models for accuracy of information extraction. Methods: Using 403 positive PNB pathology reports from over 80 institutions, we converted portable document formats (PDFs) into text using the Tesseract optical character recognition (OCR) engine, removed protected health information using the Philter open-source tool, cleaned the text with rule-based methods, and annotated clinically relevant attributes as well as structural attributes relevant to information extraction using the Brat Rapid Annotation Tool. Text pre-processing for classification and extraction was done using Scispacy and rule-based methods. Using a 75:25 train:test split (N = 302, 101), we tested conditional random field (CRF), support vector machine (SVM), bidirectional long-short term memory network (Bi-LSTM), and Bi-LSTM-CRF models, reserving 46 training reports as a validation subset for the latter two models. Model-extracted variables were compared with values manually obtained from the unprocessed PDF reports for clinical accuracy. Results: Clinical accuracy of model-extracted variables is reported in the Table. CRF was the highest performing model, with accuracies of 97% for Gleason grade, 82% for percentage of positive cores ( < 50% vs. ≥50%), 90% for perineural or lymphovascular invasion, and 100% for presence of non-acinar carcinoma histology. On manual review of inaccurate results, model performance was limited by PDF image quality, errors in OCR processing of tables or columns, and practice variability in reporting number of biopsy cores. Conclusions: Our results demonstrate successful proof of concept for the use of NLP models in accurately extracting information from PNB pathology reports, though further optimization is needed before use in clinical practice.[Table: see text]
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Campbell, Andrew S., Yan Yu, Steve Granick, and Andrew A. Gewirth. "PCB Association with Model Phospholipid Bilayers." Environmental Science & Technology 42, no. 19 (October 2008): 7496–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es8011063.
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Amirkhani, Tayebe, Asal Aghaz, and Alireza Sheikh. "An implementation model of performance-based budgeting." International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management 69, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 382–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijppm-05-2018-0171.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide a dynamic model for implementing performance-based budgeting (PBB) in Ministry of Health and Medical Education (MOHME) in Iran. Design/methodology/approach The insights from PBB, organizational theory and theory of system were integrated based on system dynamic approach. The primary data were gathered in a two-step process through in-depth interviews and focus groups. The data gathered from the interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis and were considered as a basis for modeling based on system dynamic. The dynamic model was verified in the MOHME of Iran based on the data gathered from the focus group. Findings An analytical implementation model was adopted for the PBB, including comprehensive variables at both external (country) and internal (organizational) levels and accordingly the relationships were established among these variables based on system dynamics (SD). In addition, verifying this model in the MOHME of Iran sets the stage for gaining a deeper understanding of what is required for successful implementation of PBB. Originality/value This paper introduces an efficient modeling methodology based on SD, which explains how soft methodology can be used in management science for designing an implementation model of PBB in healthcare sector of Iran.
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Schnell, J. L., M. J. Prather, B. Josse, V. Naik, L. W. Horowitz, P. Cameron-Smith, D. Bergmann, et al. "Use of North American and European air quality networks to evaluate global chemistry-climate modeling of surface ozone." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 8 (April 16, 2015): 11369–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-11369-2015.
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Abstract. We test the current generation of global chemistry-climate models in their ability to simulate observed, present-day surface ozone. Models are evaluated against hourly surface ozone from 4217 stations in North America and Europe that are averaged over 1° × 1° grid cells, allowing commensurate model-measurement comparison. Models are generally biased high during all hours of the day and in all regions. Most models simulate the shape of regional summertime diurnal and annual cycles well, correctly matching the timing of hourly (~ 15:00) and monthly (mid-June) peak surface ozone abundance. The amplitude of these cycles is less successfully matched. The observed summertime diurnal range (~ 25 ppb) is underestimated in all regions by about 7 ppb, and the observed seasonal range (~ 21 ppb) is underestimated by about 5 ppb except in the most polluted regions where it is overestimated by about 5 ppb. The models generally match the pattern of the observed summertime ozone enhancement, but they overestimate its magnitude in most regions. Most models capture the observed distribution of extreme episode sizes, correctly showing that about 80% of individual extreme events occur in large-scale, multi-day episodes of more than 100 grid cells. The observed linear relationship showing increases in ozone by up to 6 ppb for larger-sized episodes is also matched.
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Peipert, John, Fabio Efficace, Renee F. Pierson, Susan Yount, Christina Loefgren, David Cella, and Jianming He. "FACT physical wellbeing to independently predict overall survival in patients with acute myeloid leukemia." Journal of Clinical Oncology 38, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2020): 7532. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2020.38.15_suppl.7532.
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7532 Background: Patient-reported outcomes (PROs) predict overall survival (OS) in solid cancer populations, but little evidence exists around the prognostic value of PROs in patients with hematologic malignancies. We investigated whether scales from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy – Leukemia (FACT-Leu) predicted OS beyond established prognostic factors. Methods: Data were from 317 AML patients unfit for intensive therapy from a clinical trial comparing Dacogen (decitabine) plus Talacotuzumab versus Dacogen (decitabine) alone (AML2002; NCT02472145). We used ridge-penalized Cox models to determine whether baseline (1st cycle) FACT-Leu scales predicted OS. FACT-Leu scales significant in these models and factors from a validated prognostic model, the AML composite model (AML-CL; covariates listed in Table), were entered into Cox proportional hazard models. Lastly, model selection procedures were run with 1000 bootstrapped samples using all variables. The inclusion frequency of each FACT-Leu scale in the final models was examined to evaluate prognostic value for OS (i.e., higher the % of inclusion, higher importance of the variable). Results: In the ridge-penalized Cox models, the Physical Wellbeing Scale (PWB), Trial Outcome Index (TOI), and FACT-Leu Total scales were significant predictors of OS. After adjusting for the AML-CL factors, an important difference (2 pts) in PWB score was associated with a 9% decline in OS. (Table) Model validity was evidenced as the PWB scale appeared in a large majority of selected models (90%-97%), while the TOI (45%-73%) and FACT-Leu Total (41%-71%) appeared less often. Conclusions: FACT-Leu scales, especially the PWB, were significant prognostic factors for OS among AML patients not suitable for intensive therapy. These results may indicate PROs' value as stratification factors in trials with AML patients and underscore the need to more systematically collect PRO data in routine care practice with AML patients. Clinical trial information: NCT02472145 . [Table: see text]
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Komari, Noer, Samsul Hadi, and Eko Suhartono. "Pemodelan Protein dengan Homology Modeling menggunakan SWISS-MODEL." Jurnal Jejaring Matematika dan Sains 2, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.36873/jjms.2020.v2.i2.408.
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The three-dimensional (3D) structure of proteins is necessary to understand the properties and functions of proteins. Determining protein structure by laboratory equipment is quite complicated and expensive. An alternative method to predict the 3D structure of proteins in the in silico method. One of the in silico methods is homology modeling. Homology modeling is done using the SWISS-MODEL server. Proteins that will be modeled in the 3D structure are proteins that do not yet have a structure in the RCSB PDB database. Protein sequences were obtained from the UniProt database with code A0A0B6VWS2. The results showed that there were two models selected, namely model-1 with the PDB code template 1q0e and model-2 with the PDB code template 3gtv. The results of sequence alignment and model visualization show that model-1 and model-2 are identical. The evaluation and assessment of model-1 on the Ramachandran Plot have a Favored area of ??97.36%, a MolProbity score of 0.79, and a QMEAN value is 1.13. Model-1 is a good 3D protein structure model.
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Khan, Be-nazir. "Three-Dimensional Thermal Modeling and Management of System on Package with Gold and Nano Based Material." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 000545–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000545.
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Abstract A detailed computational fluid dynamic based thermal model and simulation of exposed pad SOIC package on PCB is developed with Nano and gold-based material to characterize the thermal behavior or cooling capability of the package. Achieving lower thermal resistance of electronic packaging is one of the important points of interest in electronic application. In this paper, exposed small outline IC package on PCB is compared with different composition of Au-Sn die attach materials and Nano-foil preform material to understand the thermal behavior of the package which will provide cooling through low thermal resistance between junction-to-case. Thermal reliability of electronic packaging depends on the package design and selection of materials. Package material design plays an important role in thermal management of the product. Nano-based package material can be a good choice to improve the thermal performance of system on package. Developed a 3 D model of exposed small outline IC (E-SOIC) package on a printed circuit board (PCB). Au-Sn solder paste is used as die attach material and Nano-Foil preform is used to develop the system on package (SOP) model of exposed pad SOIC package on PWB. Different types of composition of Au-Sn solder paste, such as 78Au22Sn and 80Au20Sn are considered for die attach purpose. The reason for choosing the AuSn solder paste is good reliability and performance. Au-Sn has higher thermal conductivity than other solder materials, such as Pb-free solder paste, 96.5Sn3.5Ag and leaded solder paste, 37Pb63Sn. Two types of thermal model developed to compare the package material and design of the different die attach materials and Nano-Foil preforms. In this paper simulation and data analysis will show how the optimum thermal management depends on the material selection and design of the system on package (SOP). Surface mount type SOIC package with exposed pad design is selected to enhance the thermal purpose. Gold-tin and Nano-Foil preform will be used as alternative of lead-free package materials.
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Joosten, Robbie P., Fei Long, Garib N. Murshudov, and Anastassis Perrakis. "ThePDB_REDOserver for macromolecular structure model optimization." IUCrJ 1, no. 4 (May 30, 2014): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2052252514009324.
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The refinement and validation of a crystallographic structure model is the last step before the coordinates and the associated data are submitted to the Protein Data Bank (PDB). The success of the refinement procedure is typically assessed by validating the models against geometrical criteria and the diffraction data, and is an important step in ensuring the quality of the PDB public archive [Readet al.(2011),Structure,19, 1395–1412]. ThePDB_REDOprocedure aims for `constructive validation', aspiring to consistent and optimal refinement parameterization and pro-active model rebuilding, not only correcting errors but striving for optimal interpretation of the electron density. A web server forPDB_REDOhas been implemented, allowing thorough, consistent and fully automated optimization of the refinement procedure inREFMACand partial model rebuilding. The goal of the web server is to help practicing crystallographers to improve their model prior to submission to the PDB. For this, additional steps were implemented in thePDB_REDOpipeline, both in the refinement procedure,e.g.testing of resolution limits andk-fold cross-validation for small test sets, and as new validation criteria,e.g.the density-fit metrics implemented inEDSTATSand ligand validation as implemented inYASARA. Innovative ways to present the refinement and validation results to the user are also described, which together with auto-generatedCootscripts can guide users to subsequent model inspection and improvement. It is demonstrated that using the server can lead to substantial improvement of structure models before they are submitted to the PDB.
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Zhang, Long, Keith A. Williams, and Zhengchao Xie. "Development and Validation of an Enhanced Coupled-Field Model for PZT Cantilever Bimorph Energy Harvester." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2013 (2013): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/980161.
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The power source with the limited life span has motivated the development of the energy harvesters that can scavenge the ambient environment energy and convert it into the electrical energy. With the coupled field characteristics of structure to electricity, piezoelectric energy harvesters are under consideration as a means of converting the mechanical energy to the electrical energy, with the goal of realizing completely self-powered sensor systems. In this paper, two previous models in the literatures for predicting the open-circuit and close-circuit voltages of a piezoelectric cantilever bimorph (PCB) energy harvester are first described, that is, the mechanical equivalent spring mass-damper model and the electrical equivalent circuit model. Then, the development of an enhanced coupled field model for the PCB energy harvester based on another previous model in the literature using a conservation of energy method is presented. Further, the laboratory experiments are carried out to evaluate the enhanced coupled field model and the other two previous models in the literatures. The comparison results show that the enhanced coupled field model can better predict the open-circuit and close-circuit voltages of the PCB energy harvester with a proof mass bonded at the free end of the structure in order to increase the energy-harvesting level of the system.
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van der Merwe, Johannes, Lennart van der Veeken, Analisa Inversetti, Angela Galgano, Jaan Toelen, and Jan Deprest. "Earlier preterm birth is associated with a worse neurocognitive outcome in a rabbit model." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 27, 2021): e0246008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0246008.
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Background Preterm birth (PTB) and particularly late preterm PTB has become a research focus for obstetricians, perinatologists, neonatologists, pediatricians and policy makers alike. Translational models are useful tools to expedite and guide clinical but presently no model exists that contextualizes the late PTB scenario. Herein we aimed to develop a rabbit model that echo’s the clinical neurocognitive phenotypes of early and late PTB. Methods Time mated rabbit does underwent caesarean delivery at a postconceptional age (PCA) of either 28 (n = 6), 29 (n = 5), 30 (n = 4) or 31 (n = 4) days, term = 31 d. Newborn rabbits were mixed and randomly allocated to be raised by cross fostering and underwent short term neurobehavioral testing on corrected post-natal day 1. Open field (OFT), spontaneous alteration (TMT) and novel object recognition (NORT) tests were subsequently performed at 4 and 8 weeks of age. Results PTB was associated with a significant gradient of short-term mortality and morbidity inversely related to the PCA. On postnatal day 1 PTB was associated with a significant sensory deficit in all groups but a clear motor insult was only noted in the PCA 29d and PCA 28d groups. Furthermore, PCA 29d and PCA 28d rabbits had a persistent neurobehavioral deficit with less exploration and hyperanxious state in the OFT, less alternation in TMT and lower discriminatory index in the NORT. While PCA 30d rabbits had some anxiety behavior and lower spontaneous alteration at 4 weeks, however at 8 weeks only mild anxiety driven behavior was observed in some of these rabbits. Conclusions In this rabbit model, delivery at PCA 29d and PCA 28d mimics the clinical phenotype of early PTB while delivery at PCA 30d resembles that of late PTB. This could serve as a model to investigate perinatal insults during the early and late preterm period.
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Du, Xuan, and Gang Yu. "A Computable Model for PCB Assembly Optimization Based on Polychromatic Sets." Applied Mechanics and Materials 470 (December 2013): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.470.173.
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A modeling methodology is presented for printed circuit board(PCB) assembly optimization based on polychromatic sets(PS) theory. A computable model framework with hierarchical structure includes three layers, which are set layer(SL), logic layer(LL) and numerical layer(NL). Based on the hierarchical model and the mapping relationship among each layer, a computable model is formulated to describe the PCB assembly optimization problem in multiple PCB assembly tasks and multiple machines. The computable model not only involves various computation parameters, complicate constraint relationships such as process constraints, resource constraints and so on in PCB assembly optimization, but also describes the shortage of component, machine failure, order change and other uncertain factors. The optimization problems of PCB assembly in low-volume environment and multiple tasks can be solved efficiently.
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Schnell, J. L., M. J. Prather, B. Josse, V. Naik, L. W. Horowitz, P. Cameron-Smith, D. Bergmann, et al. "Use of North American and European air quality networks to evaluate global chemistry–climate modeling of surface ozone." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 18 (September 25, 2015): 10581–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10581-2015.
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Abstract. We test the current generation of global chemistry–climate models in their ability to simulate observed, present-day surface ozone. Models are evaluated against hourly surface ozone from 4217 stations in North America and Europe that are averaged over 1° × 1° grid cells, allowing commensurate model–measurement comparison. Models are generally biased high during all hours of the day and in all regions. Most models simulate the shape of regional summertime diurnal and annual cycles well, correctly matching the timing of hourly (~ 15:00 local time (LT)) and monthly (mid-June) peak surface ozone abundance. The amplitude of these cycles is less successfully matched. The observed summertime diurnal range (~ 25 ppb) is underestimated in all regions by about 7 ppb, and the observed seasonal range (~ 21 ppb) is underestimated by about 5 ppb except in the most polluted regions, where it is overestimated by about 5 ppb. The models generally match the pattern of the observed summertime ozone enhancement, but they overestimate its magnitude in most regions. Most models capture the observed distribution of extreme episode sizes, correctly showing that about 80 % of individual extreme events occur in large-scale, multi-day episodes of more than 100 grid cells. The models also match the observed linear relationship between episode size and a measure of episode intensity, which shows increases in ozone abundance by up to 6 ppb for larger-sized episodes. We conclude that the skill of the models evaluated here provides confidence in their projections of future surface ozone.
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Sharmaa, Kavita, Ashok Kumar Srivastava, and T. R. Sreekrishnan. "Model-based Optimization of Biopolymer Production from Glycerol." Chemical & biochemical engineering quarterly 35, no. 1 (2021): 65–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15255/cabeq.2020.1864.
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The present study focuses on sustainable production of biodegradable polymers by <br /> Cupriavidus necator DSMZ 545 using glycerol as substrate. The batch growth and biopolymer production kinetics were established in a 7-L bioreactor, which resulted in a <br /> total biomass of 8.88 g L–1 and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) accumulation of 6.76 g L–1. The batch kinetic and independently acquired substrate inhibition data were then used to develop a mathematical model for PHB production process. This was eventually used to design different nutrient feeding strategies under constant feed rate, decreasing feed rate, and pseudo steady state of substrate (glycerol) to optimize the PHB production during fed-batch cultivation. Among all the fed-batch cultivation strategies, the highest PHB accumulation and productivity of 13.12 g L–1 and 0.27 g L–1 h–1, respectively, was <br /> achieved in fed-batch bioreactor cultivation where a pseudo steady state with respect to <br /> glycerol was maintained.
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Purba, Dinny Andriani, Syahnan Daulay, and Marice Marice. "Process Development Process Problem Based Learning for Writing Students' Explanatory Texts in Class XI SMK PAB 03 Medan." Budapest International Research and Critics in Linguistics and Education (BirLE) Journal 3, no. 2 (May 10, 2020): 933–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birle.v3i2.1005.
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This study aims to describe the process of developing problem-based learning models (Problem Based Learning) to write explanatory texts of students in class XI SMK PAB 03 Medan. This research was conducted at SMK PAB 3 Medan located on Jl. Mosque No. 1, Medan Estate, Medan, Medan Baru District The research will be conducted in July 2019 to October 2019. The population of this research is all students of class XI SMK PAB 3 Medan in 2019/2020 academic year. The process of developing problem-based learning models on explanatory text writing material in class XI students of SMK PAB 03 Medan is in general aspects of the assessment given by reviewers, the product design of problem-based learning model development is very good (SB) with an average overall score of 89.5% with very good assessment criteria.
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Agirre, Jon, and Kevin Cowtan. "Validation of carbohydrate structures: not just nomenclature." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1481. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314085180.
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Despite the key implications carbohydrates have in a multitude of pathological processes, a large number of the sugar-containing structures deposited into the Protein Data Bank (PDB) show nomenclature errors [1] that persist even after the remediation of the PDB archive [2]. Here we present the results from a systematic study of the conformation and ring distortion of cyclic carbohydrate models for which structure factors have been deposited into the PDB. These models have also been scored using a real-space correlation coefficient calculated between model and experimental electron density. The results have enabled us to produce a database of well-refined carbohydrate structures for use in the framework of an automated sugar-detecting software, to be announced shortly.
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Pereira, Joana, Tim Wiegels, and Victor Lamzin. "ValiFrag: Evaluating fragment quality during automated protein model building." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (August 5, 2014): C1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314085568.
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X-ray diffraction data from flexible macromolecules and their complexes can rarely be measured to a resolution better than 3 Å. Due to a loss of detectable atomic features, the determination of low-resolution structures is beyond the current operational range of crystallographic software and requires a large amount of manual intervention. ARP/wARP [1] v7.4 generates structures that are up to 80% complete at 3.0 Å, but the completeness drops sharply as the resolution gets worse. Reduction of the model completeness is accompanied with an increase in the number of fragments built, which become shorter. Such fragments are applicable for further model building if they are correct. Though, if they are wrong they may cause the formation of incorrectly built regions in the final model. Thus, there is a need to improve fragment quality before automated model completion is applied. We exploit the vast amount of structural information deposited in the Protein Data Bank (PDB) [2], to make use of it for structural validation of built fragments. Precisely, we evaluate the conformation of each fragment. If the conformation is present in several different protein models in the PDB, it is likely to be modelled correctly in the built model and is accepted. If, on the contrary, it cannot be found in any PDB model, it is probably incorrect. Here we present the software implementation of this validation, called ValiFrag, which checks the validity of automatically built protein chain fragments by evaluating their occurrence in the PDB. Protein models from the PDB were broken into dipeptides and conformational parameters for each of these were then stored in a database. For each automatically built fragment, ValiFrag computes the probability of it to be correct according to the conformation of all possible dipeptides. It can, therefore, assess which fragments are likely to be structurally incorrect and should possibly be modified, or even removed, to improve the final model.
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Mara Fischer Günther, Tânia, Valdelúcia M.A.S. Grinevicius, and Rozangela Curi Pedrosa. "Active Learning Using Protein Data Bank (PDB) Biochemical Data by Undergraduate Students of Nutrition Course at UFSC." Revista de Ensino de Bioquímica 16 (November 21, 2018): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.16923/reb.v16i0.833.
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NTRODUCTION: Many biochemistry internet sites lacking scientific accuracy dismiss their use. However PDB provides macromolecules structures that are experimentally very accurately determined. Besides, PDB provides biochemistry of nutritional chronic/metabolic diseases very useful to students and professionals. In addition, the PDB provides biochemical knowledge of chronic and nutritional metabolic diseases very useful for students and professionals. However, PDB database idiom, sophisticate search tools and technical terms can be obstacles to active learning. OBJECTIVES: Incentive students to develop and improve their knowledge/learning network and skills needed to practice as professionals based in active learning of protein structures using PDB as a tool and scientific source of biochemical data obtained using computer structural models. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Firstly, traditional lectures showed basics concepts of the proteins biochemistry, accordingly to curricular content. Then, PDB protein categories showed (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/home/home.do) using myoglobin as model (https://pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/1). Finally, each pair of students select a protein to be described using Powerpoint™ format. Questions about pedagogic strategy and PDB aspects and all presentations were available at Moodle-UFSC (interactive virtual environment). DISCUSSION AND RESULTS: Students answers confirmed PDB structures as scientifically based (86%). PDB was considered a good pedagogical strategy (44%) rooted in scientific theory and experiment-based (48%) with attractive computational molecular models (57%). Students highlighted PDB give free/easy/fast access (53%) and considered it as good to spread knowledge for all countries (61%). PDB beneficiates Professors/Health professionals including Nutritionists (57%) and Academy (74%). CONCLUSION: Active learning process increase opportunities to access scientific curated PDB information capable to improve Biochemistry skills of future nutritionists.
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Sasso, Alan F., Panos G. Georgopoulos, Sastry S. Isukapalli, and Kannan Krishnan. "Bayesian Analysis of a Lipid-Based Physiologically Based Toxicokinetic Model for a Mixture of PCBs in Rats." Journal of Toxicology 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/895391.
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A lipid-based physiologically based toxicokinetic (PBTK) model has been developed for a mixture of six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in rats. The aim of this study was to apply population Bayesian analysis to a lipid PBTK model, while incorporating an internal exposure-response model linking enzyme induction and metabolic rate. Lipid-based physiologically based toxicokinetic models are a subset of PBTK models that can simulate concentrations of highly lipophilic compounds in tissue lipids, without the need for partition coefficients. A hierarchical treatment of population metabolic parameters and a CYP450 induction model were incorporated into the lipid-based PBTK framework, and Markov-Chain Monte Carlo was applied toin vivodata. A mass balance of CYP1A and CYP2B in the liver was necessary to model PCB metabolism at high doses. The linked PBTK/induction model remained on a lipid basis and was capable of modeling PCB concentrations in multiple tissues for all dose levels and dose profiles.