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Stückler, Maria. "Überprüfung von Gültigkeit und Annahmen der Friedman-These für Rohstoffmärkte." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/966/1/document.pdf.
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The Thesis: Commodity prices are significantly more volatile than prices of industrial products. Production as well as non speculative demand of raw materials are subject to stochastic - sometimes even systematic - fluctuations, which get translated into pronounced price fluctuations by low short run price elasticities of demand and supply. Unstable prices as such provide an incentive to speculate; and - so the Friedman thesis - profitable speculation in itself has a stabilizing effect, since "speculation can be destabilizing in general only if speculators on average sell when the currency is low in price and buy when it is high". Temporal independence between speculative and non speculative activities is the only necessary condition Friedman considers. The counter argument: As can be shown however, even under the assumption of temporal independence speculation can have a destabilizing effect despite being profitable, if the non speculative excess demand is nonlinear. Moreover its precisely because of temporal interdependence on commodity markets, that speculative profits can even be achieved by destabilizing (stable) prices. The extreme volatility of commodity prices therefore may be partly caused by (profitable) speculation as well. (author's abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Stückler, Maria. "Handel auf Terminkontraktmärkten." Inst. für Volkswirtschaftstheorie und -politik, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, 2002. http://epub.wu.ac.at/1008/1/document.pdf.
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Commodity prices are significantly more volatile than prices of industrial products. This extreme price instability establishes a need for futures markets in commodities. The main functions of futures trading being hedging against, and speculation on price fluctuations; and it is hedging, that determines the role of speculation. (author's abstract)Series: Department of Economics Working Paper Series
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Ridges, Christopher Shane. "Tool Life of Various Tool Materials When Friction Spot Welding DP980 Steel." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2502.
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In this study, friction spot welding was used to join DP980 steel sheet. Four different ultra-hard tool materials were used with the objective of determining which tool material produced the highest number of acceptable-strength welds. Three of the tools were composed of various mixtures of polycrystalline cubic Boron Nitride (PCBN), Tungsten, and Rhenium. These materials are referred to herein as Q60, Q70, and Q80, the "Qxx" designation denoting the percentage of the volume of the tool material composed of PCBN. The fourth tool tested was composed entirely of PCBN. The Q70 tool produced approximately 1100 welds of acceptable strength before average weld strength decreased below the acceptable value, and the Q60 tool produced approximately 600 welds of acceptable strength. The Q80 material did not produce any welds with strengths above the acceptable value. However, Q80 produced the greatest number of welds of consistent strength. The PCBN tool, being the hardest, also did not produce any welds of acceptable strength, and failed at 257 welds. This failure is presumed to be a result of a tool/parameter mismatch which caused excessive loads on the tool. This research revealed that the weld parameters and tool materials used in this study will not generally provide for feasibility of implementation in industry. Further advances in weld parameter selection, tool geometry, and tool materials will be necessary in order to make friction spot joining of high strength steels an economically viable option.
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Zang, Tianying. "D.H. Lawrence's philosophy of nature : an eastern view." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2006. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/3274/.
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This study examines Lawrence's views of nature and their relations to perspectives drawn from Oriental traditions and philosophies. Many of Lawrence's non-Christian perspectives concerning the universe and man's relationship with nature bear strong affinities with Eastern thought systems, particularly his understanding of such fundamental matters as the enigma of nature, nature's duality and oneness, the mutual identity between man and nature, issues of god and evolution, mind and body, life and death, and sexuality, and concerns with intuition, spontaneity and primitivism. Lawrence met with hostility and prejudice from the literary world partly because some of his viewpoints were misread and misunderstood. However, they can be to a large degree explained and justified by traditional Oriental thought. In Lawrence's understanding of man's integrity and "living wholeness", we have his "indecent" proposition of sexuality, his "strange" assertion of blood consciousness and stress upon the solar plexus, his rejection of mind and intellect, and his preference for desire over ideology, and for primitivism over industrial materialism. These are views parallel to those of Taoism, though they also have their traces in the Western scientific readings which Lawrence was familiar with. Lawrence's transcendental attitude towards nature accounts for his extraordinary sensitivity to the natural world, and for his radical criticism of modern civilizations, sciences and the mechanical life, particularly in terms of financial motivation. The study of Lawrence's philosophy of nature suggests that Lawrence is an outstanding example of twentieth-century Romanticism. Furthermore, in Lawrence and in his work, we see a prominent figure in the development of a new environmental consciousness in literature.
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El, Werfalli Intesar. "The acquisition of the English article system by Libyan learners of English : a comparison between deductive teaching and textual enhanced input strategies." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2013. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/21602/.
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Previous research has shown that the English article system poses a great challenge to second language learners of English. Thus, this current study aims at understanding the difficulties first year Libyan students have in acquiring the English article system by using the following three steps. First, the Contrastive Analysis Hypothesis (CAH) was adopted to compare the article system in both English and Arabic. This procedure was employed in order to predict the difficulties that Libyan learners might be confronted by. Therefore, based on CAH, several difficulties were predicted. Moreover, because there are different opinions between researchers from the Arabic world and those from the west regarding the effect of L1 in the acquisition of grammatical items, this study tests what role L1 may play when L2 Libyan learners of English acquire the English article system. The second part aims to investigate the effectiveness of two kinds of article instruction: an implicit teaching strategy (i.e. textual enhanced input) and an explicit teaching strategy (deductive teaching) with an evaluation of the long-term effects. These teaching strategies were compared in order to: 1. Measure the effectiveness in using the English article system appropriately, 2. Measure grammatical development using t-unit, 3. Measure lexical diversity using TTR. The experiment was administrated to three groups of ESL first year students at Garyounis University in Libya. One group (TEI) received instructions based on an input enhancement strategy. In order to direct the learners’ attention to the target features, the researcher manipulated the learners’ input with the aim of provoking development by deliberately engaging awareness and trying to increase the learners’ attention. The second group (DT) was instructed based on the deductive teaching strategy. It was instructed in accordance with two popular grammar books, specifically ‘Essential Grammar in Use’ by Murphy (1998) and ‘Oxford Practice Grammar’ by Eastwood (1999). The third group, the (CG) served as the control group and received exposure to language through reading passages. The procedure of this group was similar to that of the (TEI) group, with the only difference being that the articles in the texts for this group were not enhanced. All three groups were given a similar article test three times as the pre- test, post- test 1 and post-test 2. The pre-test was given prior to the treatment so that the results of the test served to ascertain a baseline for all groups. Then, eight weeks later, after the treatment was finished, post-test 1 was immediately given, in order to measure proficiency gains; post-test 2 was given to the students six months later to distinguish the long term effects on the learning process. With regards to the effectiveness of using the English article appropriately, the results showed that group DT improved from pre-test to post-tests 1& 2. The scores that were above chance in post-test1 & 2 were better than those in the pre-test. In the TEI group, the scores which were above chance, slightly improved from pre-test to post-tests 1 & 2. For the CG group, the scores in post-test 1 which were above chance, improved slightly from pre-test and that the scores in post-test 2 reduced from those of the pre-test. The measurement of lexical diversity was undertaken using TTR. The results showed that both groups TEI and CG presented better results (i.e. development in students’ writing) than the DT group in post-test 1. In post-test 2, only the TEI group improved significantly. This result suggests that the TEI group remained unchanged after 6 months of instruction. The third part of this study analyzed and classified learners’ errors. It confirmed the types of errors predicted previously in chapter 3: omission of a/an/the, unnecessary insertion of a/an / the and confusion between a and an. The results revealed that the percentage of omission of a/an was higher than the omission of ‘the’, and that the percentage of unnecessary insertion of a/an/the was less than the omission of a/an/the.
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Hall, Barry. "'To give myself up to a serious examination' : forms of dissent in seventeenth-century nonconformist spiritual autobiographies." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/4452/.
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This thesis explores the ways in which seventeenth-century nonconformist writers used the Puritan model of spiritual autobiography to record their individual forms of dissent. Spiritual autobiography is read against the political and religious turmoil that existed in England in the aftermath of the Civil Wars and during the subsequent Restoration. Through a study of four dissenting writers I show how a genre seen usually as a record of spiritual crisis and ultimate reconciliation, was also used as a way of communicating gendered, psychological, domestic, and religious dissent by writers from the extreme margins of society. The argument differs from other studies of spiritual autobiography in that I situate the genre beyond the strict confines of soteriology and adopt an interdisciplinary approach that deploys literary, historical, and theoretical readings. I draw upon the theories of Jean-François Lyotard in order to illustrate a mood analogous to postmodernism apparent in the nonconformist psyche as well as to contextualise the wider dissent shown to exist in the seventeenth century. By applying Lyotard’s concepts of Svelteness, competing Phrase Regimens, and the Differend to spiritual autobiographies by John Bunyan, Agnes Beaumont, Laurence Clarkson, and Richard Norwood this study raises questions with regard to assumptions associated with the genre, the context in which they were written, and so presents new readings of often marginal texts.
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Harrison, Pauline. "Depression and gender : the expression and experience of melancholy in the eighteenth century." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/4454/.
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This thesis investigates the life and work of six eighteenth-century writers, two male and four female. It explores their experience of depression through their letters and other autobiographical material, and examines the ways in which they represent melancholy in their poetry and prose. The subject of Chapter Two is Thomas Gray, whose real life persona as the lonely intellectual is also identifiable in his poetry. The Scottish poet Robert Fergusson is studied in Chapter Three. Fergusson’s lively and vigorous mind was shattered in the months leading up to his death, during which time some of his writing became darkly nihilistic. Chapter Four looks at Anne Finch, Countess of Winchilsea, a lifelong depressive who often wrote about her feelings of despair in her poetry. Chapter Five explores Lady Mary Wortley Montagu. She was a courageous and controversial figure, but despite her resilience, on occasion in her letters she reveals her vulnerability and susceptibility to low spirits, a mood which is sometimes expressed in her creative writing. Sarah Scott, whose life and work have not yet been considered in relation to the subject of melancholy, is examined in Chapter Six. Her novel includes several low-spirited and depressed female characters who are continually seeking asylum from a hostile world. Chapter Seven analyses Charlotte Smith, a mother of twelve children whose unhappy marriage ended in separation. Smith wrote extensively about her depression in her letters, prefaces, poetry and novels. This study shows that the women in particular use their writing on melancholy and depression to express their discontent with the confined way in which they are often expected to live out their lives.
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Oliveira, Catarina Isabel Alves. "Aspetos Farmacológicos da Coenzima Q10." Master's thesis, [s.n.], 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10284/3563.
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Trabalho apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Ciências FarmacêuticasA Coenzima Q10 é um composto que existe no nosso organismo. Tem atividade antioxidante, produz ATP, é lipossolúvel, tem absorção lenta e uma circulação enterohepática. Depois de ser descoberta tem sido alvo de vários estudos clínicos com duas finalidades: evidenciar as variações dos seus níveis plasmáticos em alterações fisiológicas ou patológicas e demonstrar o seu benefício terapêutico. Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica de vários artigos científicos publicados num intervalo de tempo de 5 anos em linguas inglesa e portuguesa, divulgados no Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct, que descrevessem estudos clínicos em que a Coenzima Q10 é um possível elemento essencial no tratamento de diversas patologias. Evidenciou-se que a Coenzima Q10 tem vindo a ser estudada exaustivamente em determinadas patologias e que em vários estudos clínicos descritos demonstrou ter um papel terapêutico benéfico. No entanto, é relevante considerar a existência de mais investigações futuras para determinar de forma mais concreta e segura os benefícios da Coenzima Q10 para a saúde. Coenzyme Q10 is a compound that exists in our body. It has an antioxidant activity, it produces ATP, it is lipossoluble, it has a slow absorption and an enterohepatic recirculation. After its discovery it has been the target of various clinic studies with two purposes: to evidence the variations of its plasmatic levels in physiological or pathological changes and demonstrate therapeutic benefits. This work aimed to do a bibliographic review of various scientific articles published in a time interval of 5 years in English and Portuguese languages disclosed in Pubmed, Medline, Science Direct which clinic studies were described to determine the Coenzyme Q10 as the essential possible element in the treatment of the respective disease. It was revealed that the Coenzyme Q10 has been extensively studied in some diseases and that in various described clinic studies it was showed to have a beneficial therapeutic role. However, it is important to refer the meede of further investigations in order to better evaluate the role of Coenzyme Q10 to health.
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Janabi, Batool. "Vetenskapliga belägg för de påstådda effekterna av Rogaine (minoxidil) och Q10 Active Nattkräm (coenzym Q10) : En litteraturstudie." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-66488.
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Slowik, Ewa [Verfasser]. "Synthesis, endogenous detection, and mitochondrial function of the hydroxy-substituted Coenzyme Q10 derivative HO-Q10 / Ewa Slowik." Saarbrücken : Saarländische Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1229916660/34.
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Ramsey, Rachel. "An exemplar-theoretic account of word senses." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/35586/.
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This thesis offers an exploratory study of certain aspects of the psychological status of the senses of four polysemous words, over, under, above and below, using three sets of sentence-sorting experiments. The thesis assumes that word senses are examples of linguistic categories; therefore, it is further assumed that categorisation tasks will offer insights into their nature as categories, and that effects predicted by existing models of categorisation can be tested. The first set of experiments questions the representativity of linguists’ intuitions about the senses of these words. The results indicate that expert and naïve speakers’ intuitions do not reliably coincide. This is consistent with existing research into the representativity of expert intuitions in syntax (e.g., Schütze, 1996). The possibility that this is due to individual differences is the subject of the second experiment. The data gathered suggest that there may be individual differences in word senses, consistent with observations of individual differences in other areas of language (e.g., Bates et al., 1995; Street and Dąbrowska, 2014). It is noted that lack of consensus may be a product of the task design, and that the scale of the task may have caused fatigue, forgetting, or semantic satiation. This was remedied in the final set of experiments. Further evidence of individual variation in word senses was found. In addition, the versatility of the methodology was exploited to test whether word senses are stored in memory, and in a manner compatible with the Generalised Context Model of Classification, or exemplar model (Nosofsky, 1986). Participants sorted the same stimuli twice, divided by a period of two months. In general, participants reached better consensus with themselves than with others. This indicates that word senses may have some form of mental representation. Effects of selective attention, a central prediction of the exemplar model, were observed in sorting behaviour. Four original contributions to knowledge are made: (1) there appear to be individual differences in word senses; (2) expert intuitions about what the senses of a given polysemous word are do not correspond to those of other speakers; (3) word senses do appear to have some form of mental representation, but not in the fixed form previously suggested (e.g., Tyler and Evans, 2001); and (4) selective attention effects are observed in this example of linguistic categorisation. The findings indicate that the exemplar model can account for the representation of word senses. This allows the conclusion that we may understand word senses as potential categories of exemplars.
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Schneiderat, Peter. "Die myopathische Form des Koenzym Q10-Mangels." Diss., lmu, 2010. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-110604.
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Santos, Sónia Raquel Neiva. "Aspectos bioquímicos e moleculares da coenzima Q10." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/7981.
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Mestrado em Biologia Molecular e CelularA ubiquinona (também chamada de Coenzima Q10, CoQ10) é uma benzoquinona presente em praticamente todas as células do organismo que participam dos processos de produção de ATP e é sintetisada na membrana interna da mitocondria. A principal fonte de CoQ10 é obtida por síntese endógena e uma pequena parte é adquirida através da dieta. A CoQ10 desempenha diversas funções biológicas nas células, entre as que se destacam a de transportador de electrões na cadeia respiratória mitocondrial e a participação no sistema anti-oxidante do organismo. Como tal, uma deficiência de ubiquinona pode causar efeitos nocivos importantes no organismo, uma vez que se veriam implicadas estas funções chave do metabolismo celular. A deficiência primária de CoQ10 (MIM 607426) é uma doença rara, de transmissão autossómica recessiva e com uma apresentação clínica muito variável, estando associada a quatro principais fenótipos clínicos: 1) encefalopatia caracterizada por mioglobinúria mas também com envolvimento do sistema nervoso central; (2) doença predominantemente encefalopática com ataxia e atrofia cerebelar; (3) miopatia isolada com RRFs e armazenamento lipídico; (4) doença multissistémica tipicamente infantil e encefalopatia; (5) nefropatia isolada ou associada a encefalopatia. Se as mutações encontradas, nestes doentes, estiverem localizadas nos genes envolvidos na biossíntese da CoQ10, então classifica-se estes síndromes como primários, se pelo contrário, as mutações estão presentes noutros genes, estamos perante a formas secundárias. O objectivo deste estudo é identificar e caracterizar sob o ponto de vista bioquímico e molecular as formas primárias com alteração da cadeia respiratória mitocondrial (CRM), patologia ainda não diagnosticada no nosso país. Inicialmente será implementado o doseamento da CoQ10 no músculo, plasma e eventualmente em fibroblastos por HPLC-reversa por detecção electroquímica. Nos doentes com os valores baixos de CoQ10, vai-se proceder ao estudo molecular dos genes envolvidos na biossíntese, em que já existem alterações descritas, no sentido de estabelecer uma relação fenótipo-genótipo. Os doentes vão ser seleccionados pelo diagnóstico clínico suspeito e/ou com alterações da CRM compatíveis com deficiência da ubiquinona. Este trabalho vai permitir a identificação das deficiências de CoQ10 que são de extrema importância visto serem as únicas Citopatias Mitocondriais potencialmente tratáveis. Para além disso, a identificação das mutações responsáveis por esta deficiência, vai permitir a possibilidade de diagnóstico pré-natal e implementação de terapêutica precoce.
The ubiquinone (also known as Coenzyme Q10, CoQ10) is a benzoquinone present in virtually all body cells that participate in production of ATP, and is synthesized in the inner membrane of mitochondria. The main source of CoQ10 is the endogenous synthesis and only a small part is acquired through the diet. CoQ10 has several biological functions in cells, among which stand out the electron carrier function in the mitochondrial respiratory chain and the participation in the body’s anti-oxidant system. Thus, a ubiquinone deficiency can cause significant adverse effects on the body, since key functions involved in cellular metabolism are affected. The primary deficiency of CoQ10 (MIM 607426) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with a highly variable clinical presentation, and which is associated with four major clinical phenotypes: (1) encephalomyopathy characterized by mioglobinúria and brain involvement; (2) predominantly encephalopathic illness with ataxia and cerebellar atrophy, (3) isolated myopathy with ragged-red fibers (RRF's); (4) typical infantile multisystemic disease with encephalopathy and (5) isolated nephropathy or associated with encephalopathy. If the mutations found in these patients are located in genes involved in the biosynthesis of CoQ10, these syndromes are classified as primary, on the contrary, if mutations are present in other genes, these are secondary forms. The aim of this study is to identify and characterize, from the point of view of biochemical and molecular changes, the primary forms of CoQ10 deficiency with mitochondrial respiratory chain (CRM) alterations, a disease not yet diagnosed in our country. Initially it will be implemented the determination of CoQ10 in muscle, plasma and possibly in fibroblasts by reverse HPLC-electrochemical detection. In patients with low levels of CoQ10, will be carried out the molecular study of the genes involved in biosynthesis, for which there are already changes described, to establish a phenotype-genotype relationship. Patients will be selected by the suspected clinical diagnosis and / or changes in CRM compatible with ubiquinone deficiency. The work will allow the identification of the deficiencies of CoQ10 which are extremely important because they are the only potentially treatable mitochondrial cytopathies. In addition, the identification of mutations responsible for this deficiency will allow the possibility of prenatal diagnosis and implementation of early treatment. i ÍNDICE
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Kalyan, Siva. "Operationalising Cognitive Grammar : experimental and theoretical approaches." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36128/.
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One of the main advantages of cognitive linguistics (and in particular Cognitive Grammar) over other approaches to the study of language structure is the fact that every descriptive construct is defined in psychological terms. This means, ideally, that any cognitive linguistic description of a word or grammatical construction constitutes a hypothesis about the mental representation of that structure. It should thus be possible to verify such descriptions, or to decide between competing analyses of a phenomenon, by experimentally testing the hypotheses that they entail. Such tests have been rare, however, due to the difficulty of operationalising many of the semantic notions used in Cognitive Grammar. The present thesis reports on attempts to operationalise and test (using questionnaires, production tasks, and reaction time measurements) four descriptive claims formulated in the framework of Cognitive Grammar: that finite complementation constructions are headed by the complement-taking predicate; that the first object in a three-argument clause is more “figure-like” than the second object; that impersonal there in an existential clause refers to the locative scene as a whole; and that non-finite clauses encourage the hearer to imagine the described event as a single gestalt, whereas finite clauses encourage them to imagine it unfolding over time. These grammatical analyses crucially involve the notions of “profiling”, “focal prominence”, and “mode of scanning”, which are central to Cognitive Grammar. None of the experiments conducted produced conclusive results, leaving open the question of whether the descriptive constructs used in the analyses are really necessary. Accordingly, the second part of the thesis presents an attempt to reconceptualise Cognitive Grammar using only descriptive constructs that are known to be easily operationalisable; in particular, giving prominence to notions from discourse pragmatics and prosodic phonology.
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Danjo, Chisato. "A critical ethnographic inquiry into the negotiation of language practices among Japanese multilingual families in the UK : discourse, language use and perceptions in the Hoshuko and the family home." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/27269/.
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This thesis is a sociolinguistic examination of the ways in which multilingual children and parents negotiate their language use. Through a critical ethnographic inquiry, it focuses in particular on Japanese-English multilingual parents and their pre- and early-school age children living in the UK, across two fields: a Japanese government approved complementary school (Hoshuko), and the family home where parents employ multilingual family language policies (FLP). My main interest is in exploring the ways in which discourses emerging from the policies (governmental and institutional policies regarding Hoshuko, and FLP) are reproduced and/or challenged by individuals’ situated practices and perceptions. Defining multilingualism as a set of social practices and processes, the thesis explores the following four themes: 1) discourses of Hoshuko policies and of FLP, 2) individuals’ language practices and 3) perceptions in the Hoshuko and in the family home; and 4) the mutual influence of discourses, practices and perceptions. By employing Critical Discourse Analysis to analyse relevant Japanese governmental policy documents, as well as the school prospectuses of all nine Hoshuko in the UK, I disclosed the governmental and institutional discourses (Chapter 4). The discourses were then compared with individuals’ situated practices and perceptions identified at one of those Hoshuko, where I conducted a 16-month ethnographic fieldwork (Chapter 5). The discourse of FLP was also scrutinised by comparing it with family language practices and perceptions in the family home (Chapter 6). As a whole, this thesis reveals discrepancies between the governmental and institutional discourse, as well as individuals’ situated practices and perceptions. On one hand, governmental and institutional discourses are undermined by individuals’ flexible practices in particular situations. On the other hand, multilingual individuals also seem to be influenced by discourses which they reflect in their own perceptions; consequently, some multilingual practices go unacknowledged at the level of perceptions. Overall, this thesis enriches our understanding of the dynamics between macro level ideological influences emerging from policy discourses and micro level practices, and of the complexity of individuals’ perceptions involved in the legitimation of their practices in the context of a complementary school and the family home.
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Gholipour, Ali-Farshad. "Symptomatische Effekte von Coenzym Q10 bei Morbus Parkinson." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=975019422.
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Edkvist, Markus. "Genomgång av A-checkupplägg till Dash 8 Q400." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-27506.
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In this report I summarize the thesis, which is about to check what will happen if you decide to increase the interval between the a-checks, carried out on the Norwegian airline Widerøe. They want to know if an increase in time between the checks can give them an opportunity of increasing their aircraft fleet. In the current situation Widerøe has 11 Dash 8 Q400 and can consider a possible increase of 3 planes. This would be done without the need to increase accessibility of the hangars and increase in staff. What determines how often a check is performed is the maintenance tasks which has the shortest maintenance interval. On the Dash 8 the shortest interval is 600 flight hours. Therefore, a check must be performed once every 600 flight hour. But since there is so many maintenance tasks that will be performed at every check point, Widerøe have decided to divide their checks. They do this by dividing every check-package into four smaller packages. With this layout they get a breakdown of 150 flight hours instead of 600, and so you get less time between maintenance and fewer maintenance tasks at each occasion. My work started by developing a new checking package of 600 flight hours of interval. I did this by merging the existing check-package of 150 flight hour intervals into a checking package with 600-hour intervals. After that, it took considerable amount of work to define the differences between the various check packages. I started to count on whether you saved or not saved time by lengthening the interval. After that I optimized the number of technicians needed at each check and then calculated the total time required for each check. In the end I came up with two possible solutions. The first option is to use my check program with 600 flight hours of interval, and then increase the fleet with two aircrafts. The second option is to use a checking program with 300 flight hours of interval and then increase the fleet with one aircraft.I den här rapporten redovisas det examensarbete som jag utfört för flygbolaget Widerøe. Arbetet går ut på att kontrollera vad som sker då man väljer att öka planeringsintervallet på a-checkar. Flygbolaget önskar få svar på om en ökning av intervallet mellan checktillfällena kan leda till en möjlighet att öka flottan. I dagsläget har man 11 st. Dash 8 Q400 och ser en möjlig ökning med upp till 3 plan. Den ökningen ska vara möjlig utan att man behöver öka hangartillgången eller bemanningen. Det som bestämmer hur ofta en check skall utföras är de underhållsuppgifter som har kortast underhållsintervall. På Dash 8 är det kortaste intervallet 600 flygtimmar. Således bör en check utföras en gång varje 600 flygtimme. Men då det är relativt många underhållsuppgifter som kommer att utföras vid varje checktillfälle har man valt att dela upp arbetet. Det har man gjort genom att dela varje checkpaket i fyra mindre paket. Det gör att man får en uppdelning om 150 flygtimmar istället för 600, samt att man får kortare tid mellan varje underhållstillfälle, och vid varje tillfälle färre underhållsuppgifter. Uppgiften startade med att ta fram ett nytt checkpaket med 600 flygtimmars intervall. Det gjorde jag genom att det befintliga checkpaketet med 150 flygtimmars intervall lades ihop till ett checkpaket med 600 timmars intervall. Efter det krävdes ett omfattande arbete för att definiera skillnader mellan de olika checkpaketen. Jag började med att räknade på om man sparade eller inte sparade tid genom att förlänga intervallet. Efter det optimerade jag hur många tekniker som skulle behövas vid varje checkutförande för att sedan räkna ut den totala tidsåtgången för varje check. Jag kom fram till två möjliga lösningar. Det första alternativet är att använda ett Checkprogram på 600 flygtimmars intervall och då öka flottan med två flygplan. Det andra alternativet är använda sig av ett checkprogram på 300FH och öka flottan med ett plan.
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Yoo, Harrison, Amanda Teague, and Charles C. Collins. "DISSOLUTION ANALYSIS OF OTC COENZYME Q10 DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2018/schedule/28.
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Introduction: Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a fat-soluble substance (ubiquinone) which has a bright orange color in appearance and is widely distributed (ubiquitous) in animals and many bacteria. CoQ10’s presence is most prevalent in mitochondria and it is involved in aerobic cellular respiration and aides in converting ingested nutrients into a readily accessible form of energy, specifically ATP (adenosine triphosphate). CoQ10 is supplied through our diets and can be found more in dark leafy green vegetables, fish and organ meats. CoQ10 supplementation should be beneficial due to its characteristic antioxidant scavenging of free radicals that our body produces while in the cellular respiration process for generating energy from nutrients. Although CoQ10 has great antioxidant benefit, a challenge remains for supplement manufacturers to deliver a sufficient does of this sparingly soluble molecule. Dietary supplements do not have the significant FDA oversight that exists for legend drugs, resulting in significant variability within and between brands. The main hypothesis of this project is that commercially available CoQ10 supplements don’t deliver a sufficient mass of CoQ10 when compared to the labelled quantity. Methods: To test this hypothesis, the group purchased and tested 14 commercially available CoQ10 supplements with each serving containing 100 mg of active, choosing a variety of drug delivery systems (DDS) and also included one in-house product, which contained 70 mg of active. The DDSs examined consisted of 7 soft shell gelatin (SSG) capsules (the most common type available), 3 hard shell gelatin (HSG) capsules, 3 tablets (tab), 1 powder, and 1 suspension. Each DDS was placed into a 500 mL volumetric flask (VF) into an aqueous of 0.1 N HCl acid and 0.1% Tween 80, using a standard FDA dissolution method. To facilitate drug release, the contents were removed from the HSG capsules; the SSG capsules were perforated; and the tabs were broken/crushed. After this, a magnetic stir bar was placed into each flask and all DDS samples were vigorously stirred for 30-45 minutes, including being inverted every 10 minutes to further facilitate dissolution of CoQ10 from each DDS. Filtered samples were obtained and the samples were analyzed by a reverse-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography that was previously developed by this research group. Results and Conclusions: Only two of the 15 products evaluated had significant availability (mean > 50%) of CoQ10; one soft gelatin capsule (Product A, dissolved a mean of 68.57%), and the suspension (Product K, dissolved a mean of 56.71%). All of the other products averaged less than 4% dissolution of the labelled amount (range of values 0.19% to 3.64%). The in-house formulated HSG capsule (Product Q) released a mean amount equal to 8.11% of label (more than twice the percentage of the poorly performing commercial products). The consistency of the products was also variable, with product A having a range of 1.7 to 192 mg of CoQ10 released; Product K had a range of 35.8 to 76.1 mg of drug released. The group concluded that there are acceptable products available, but that most have significant performance issues.
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Wainwright, Luke. "Mechanisms of coenzyme Q10 blood-brain barrier transport." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10060760/.
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Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) deficiencies are unique among mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) disorders in that they are potentially treatable. While there is clear evidence, both clinically and biochemically, for the improvement of peripheral abnormalities associated with CoQ10 deficiency following CoQ10 supplementation, neurological symptoms are only partially ameliorated. The reasons for the refractory nature of the neurological sequelae associated with a CoQ10 deficiency are as yet unknown and may be a consequence of irreversible damage prior to CoQ10 supplementation, the retention of CoQ10 in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) itself, or simply reflect poor transport of CoQ10 across the BBB. This thesis presents the first isolated investigations into the mechanisms that govern bi-directional BBB transport of CoQ10 and its synthetic analogue, idebenone, using normal and pathophysiological cell models relevant to disorders of CoQ10 biosynthesis. The mouse BBB endothelial cell line bEnd.3 and porcine primary brain endothelial cells (PBECs) co-cultured with primary astrocytes were used to assess transcytosis from 'blood-to-brain' or 'brain-to-blood', revealing that although CoQ10 can traverse the BBB, CoQ10 is being effluxed back to the blood, which could explain the refractory nature of CoQ10 therapy, whereas, idebenone appeared to cross the BBB passively. Using inhibitors of known transport systems for lipoproteins, the circulatory bio-carriers of CoQ10 in vivo, three systems mediating the BBB transport of lipoprotein-bound CoQ10 were identified. Inhibitors of the scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SR-B1), BLT-1, and the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), FPS-ZM1, reduced uptake of lipoprotein-bound CoQ10 towards the brain, implicating RAGE and SR-B1 as modes for CoQ10 brain uptake. In the reverse direction, the low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP-1) inhibitor, RAP, reduced efflux of lipoprotein-bound CoQ10 towards the blood, implicating LRP-1 as a major impediment to brain entry of CoQ10. This study is the first to generate a BBB endothelial cell model of CoQ10 deficiency, using para-aminobenzoic acid (pABA) to pharmacologically induce a depletion of cellular CoQ10 status, resulting in a global reduction of MRC enzyme activities. The CoQ10 deficient BBB models were leakier to large permeability markers, with poor BBB tight-junction formation, and altered CoQ10 transport dynamics in favour of an increased net efflux towards the blood, suggesting BBB pathophysiology is key to the neurological presentation and refractory nature of CoQ10 supplementation in symptomatic patients. In addition, the effects of vitamin E, a common clinical co-therapy in the 'mito-cocktail', and simvastatin were assessed. Interestingly, vitamin E co-administration reduced net efflux of CoQ10 from the brain. It is unknown why this occurs, but oxidative effects on the BBB transporters and/or carrier-lipoproteins may be factors to consider. In-line with its deleterious effect on CoQ10 biosynthesis, simvastatin therapy appeared to disrupt BBB integrity, increasing the paracellular leak of the BBB. This would be detrimental to normal brain homeostasis, particularly given the BBBs major role in limiting brain entry of the small molecule plasma excitotoxins, calcium, and glutamate. Throughout this study CoQ10 was quantified using a novel and rapid mass spectrometric method (ESI+ LC-MS/MS), which could potentially enable detection of CoQ10 in the CSF of patients presenting with neurological symptoms, perhaps providing a new analytical tool for the diagnosis of CoQ10 deficiencies in clinical laboratories. In conclusion, this thesis has demonstrated for the first time the pathophysiological consequences of a CoQ10 deficiency on the BBB. It has highlighted the impact of a deficit in CoQ10 status on CoQ10 delivery to the brain parenchyma and has elucidated some of the mechanisms by which CoQ10 is transported across the BBB, which are ultimately dictated by lipoprotein interactions. Additionally, this thesis outlines the potential dangers of statin therapy in patients with an underlying or established MRC dysfunction. Overall, this thesis provides insights into the limitations of CoQ10 supplementation as a therapy for neurological disorders associated with MRC dysfunction and indicates that further work will be required to improve the delivery of exogenous CoQ10 across the BBB, alongside a need for further investigations into the composition of the widely administered 'mito-cocktail'.
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Ferreira, Gláucia Machado. "Regionalização de vazões de referência Q7,10 e Q90." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2010. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/6150.
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Previous issue date: 2010-08-24A presente pesquisa teve por objetivo o estudo de métodos de estimativa de vazões mínimas de sete dias consecutivos com período de retorno de dez anos (Q7,10) e de vazões mínimas associadas à permanência de 90% no tempo (Q90), por meio da regionalização hidrológica. As metodologias consideradas foram Eletrobrás (1985a), Eletrobrás (1985b) e Chaves et al. (2002). As características físicas utilizadas na regionalização pelo método Eletrobrás (1985a) foram área de drenagem (A), comprimento do rio principal (L), densidade de drenagem (Dd), declividade média da bacia (Sm) e declividade média do rio principal (SL), extraídas a partir de modelo digital de elevação hidrologicamente consistente (MDEHC), e a característica climática considerada foi a precipitação média anual (P). A região de estudo está compreendida entre as bacias dos rios Doce e Itabapoana. Os valores de Q7,10 foram estimados considerando a distribuição probabilística Log-Normal a três parâmetros e os valores das vazões associadas a 90% de permanência no tempo (Q90) foram obtidos da curva de permanência de valores diários de cada posto fluviométrico. As equações de regressão foram definidas a partir de duas regiões consideradas hidrologicamente homogêneas. Estudo complementar foi realizado para a bacia do rio Itapemirim. Os modelos obtidos foram avaliados considerando coeficientes de determinação ajustados (R²a), erros padrões fatoriais e resultados do teste F. Para as metodologias de Chaves et al. (2002) e Eletrobrás (1985b), os valores de vazões foram estimados por meio da aplicação de equações específicas, para cada condição de posicionamento dos postos fluviométricos. Procedeu-se comparações dos resultados da utilização das metodologias consideradas, com os obtidos por outros trabalhos na região de estudo, através do cálculo de erros médios percentuais e coeficientes de eficiência de Nash e Sutcliffe. Observou-se que o modelo digital de elevação obtido foi hidrologicamente consistente e possibilitou a determinação automática das características físicas da bacia. Área de drenagem, comprimento do rio principal e declividade média da bacia foram as variáveis presentes nas equações de melhor ajuste, tanto para as vazões Q7,10 como para as vazões Q90, pelo método Eletrobrás (1985a). A metodologia Eletrobrás (1985a) foi a que permitiu a obtenção de equações apresentando melhores estimativas de vazões Q7,10 e Q90, para a região de estudo
The main objective of the research was the study and application of different methods for estimating ten years return period minimum annual seven consecutive days low flows (Q7,10) and minimum flows associated with remaining 90% in time (Q90), for the region between Doce and Itabapoana basins, through the hydrological regionalization. The three compared methods are: Eletrobrás (1985a), Eletrobrás (1985b) and Chaves et al. (2002). The physical characteristics used in the regionalization by the Eletrobrás (1985a) method were drainage area (A), length of the main river (L), watershed drainage s density (Dd), watershed medium slope (Sm) and main river slope (SL), extracted from a hydrological consistent elevation model (HCDEM). Climatic characteristic was represented by average annual rainfall (P). Q7,10 values were estimated by fitting three parameter Log-Normal probability distribution. Q90 values were obtained from daily permanence curve for each water discharge gaging station. Regression equations were estimated for two hydrographic regions. Additional analyses was made for the Itapemirim watershed. Results were compared, taking into consideration determining coefficients, factorial standard deviations and results of F-tests. By the methods Chaves et al. (2002) and Eletrobrás (1985b), the discharges were estimated by the applying different equations, depending on the relative location of the discharge gaging stations. Results obtained by the different methods were compared with those from previous studies developed for the study region by using two indexes: percentual error average and Nash and Sutcliffes s efficiency coefficient. The results indicated that the digital elevation model obtained for the study area was hydrologically consistent and allowed automatic estimation of basin physical characteristics. Drainage area, length of the main river and watershed medium slope were the variables that best represented Q7,10 and Q90 in the Eletrobrás (1985a) regionalization method. The Eletrobrás (1985a), based on regional regression equations, allowed the obtaining of the best fitting equations to the Q7,10 and Q90 variables
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Machado, Carla da Silva. "Possíveis efeitos citoprotetores do antioxidante da dieta coenzima Q10 em modelo de células neuronais." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/60/60134/tde-24102011-143836/.
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A coenzima Q10 é uma provitamina lipossolúvel sintetizada endogenamente e naturalmente encontrada em alimentos como a carne vermelha, peixes, cereais, brócolis e espinafre. É comercializada como suplemento alimentar e utilizada em formulações cosméticas. Localiza-se na membrana de organelas celulares como retículo endoplasmático, vesículas e membrana interna da mitocôndria, onde atua como um cofator essencial na cadeia respiratória. Apresenta propriedades antioxidantes e potencial no tratamento de doenças neurodegenerativas e neuromusculares. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar os possíveis efeitos protetores de uma formulação hidrossolúvel de coenzima Q10 em células PC12 expostas à cisplatina, um fármaco antineoplásico que tem a neurotoxicidade como um dos fatores limitantes à sua utilização. A linhagem celular PC12 (feocromocitoma de ratos) utilizada nesta investigação é um reconhecido modelo in vitro para estudos neuronais. Os métodos empregados foram os ensaios do MTT, cometa, citoma micronúcleo com bloqueio da citocinese, crescimento de neuritos e análise da expressão do gene Tp53. Os resultados obtidos na avaliação da citotoxicidade da coenzima Q10 (0,1 - 20 µg/mL) mostraram que este antioxidante foi citotóxico às células PC12 na concentração de 20,0 µg/mL e não apresentou citotoxicidade em baixas concentrações. Para os ensaios do citoma e cometa, foram selecionadas três concentrações não citotóxicas de coenzima Q10 (0,1; 0,5 e 1,0 µg/mL) que não apresentaram mutagenicidade e genotoxicidade às células PC12. O efeito protetor da coenzima Q10 sobre a cisplatina no ensaio do citoma foi caracterizado pela diminuição da freqüência de micronúcleos e brotos nucleares, entretanto a proteção da coenzima Q10 não foi evidenciada no ensaio cometa. Alterações significativas na expressão do gene Tp53 não foram observadas no tratamento coenzima Q10 (1,0 µg/mL) associado à cisplatina (0,1 µg/mL). A coenzima Q10 (0,1 e 1,0 µg/mL) não foi neurotóxica em células PC12 indiferenciadas e diferenciadas após exposição ao fator de crescimento do nervo, e seu melhor efeito neuroprotetor foi observado na menor concentração avaliada. A coenzima Q10 reduziu a citotoxicidade da cisplatina (10,0 µg/mL) em células PC12 indiferenciadas e estimulou o crescimento de neuritos em células PC12 diferenciadas. A determinação dos efeitos citoprotetores da coenzima Q10 em um modelo neuronal é importante para elucidar possíveis estratégias de neuroproteção que poderiam ser aplicadas aos pacientes submetidos à quimioterapia.Coenzyme Q10 is a liposoluble provitamin endogenously synthesized and naturally found in various foods items, such as meat, fish, cereals, broccoli and spinach. It is a dietary supplement in some countries and used in cosmetic formulations. Coenzyme Q10 is located in the membrane of cellular organelles such as endoplasmic reticulum, vesicles and inner mitochondrial membrane, where acts as an essential cofactor in the respiratory chain. It has antioxidant properties and potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuromuscular diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate the possible protective effects of a water-soluble formulation of coenzyme Q10 in PC12 cells exposed to cisplatin, an anticancer drug that has neurotoxicity as a dose-limiting factor. The PC12 cell line (rat pheocromocytoma) used in this investigation is a recognized in vitro model for neuronal studies. The methods used were the MTT, comet, cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome, neurite outgrowth assays and expression of Tp53 gene. The results obtained in the cytotoxicity of coenzyme Q10 (0.1-20 µg/mL) showed that this antioxidant was cytotoxic to PC12 cell at a concentration of 20.0 µg/mL and it was not cytotoxic at low concentrations. For the cytome and comet assays, were selected three non-cytotoxic concentrations of coenzyme Q10 (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 µg/mL) without mutagenicity and genotoxicity PC12 cells. The protective effect of coenzyme Q10 in cytome assay was characterized by decreased frequency of micronuclei and nuclear buds induced by cisplatin, however the protection of coenzyme Q10 was not evidenced by the comet assay. No significant change in the Tp53 gene expression were observed in the coenzyme Q10 (1.0 µg/mL) plus cisplatin (0.1 µg/mL) treatment. Coenzyme Q10 (0.1 and 1.0 µg/mL) was not neurotoxic in undifferentiated and nerve growth factor differentiated PC12 cells and the lowest concentration evaluated showed the best neuroprotective effect. The coenzyme Q10 treatment reduced the citotoxicity of cisplatin (10.0 µg/mL) in undifferentiated PC12 cells and stimulated the neurite outgrowth in differentiated PC12 cells. Determination of the cytoprotective effects of the coenzyme Q10 in a neuronal model is important to elucidate possible strategies for neuroprotection that could be applied to patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Sormus, Megan. "Collage Grrrls : reclaiming contradictory femininities in anti-chick lit." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36254/.
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Collage Grrrls represents the first sustained attempt to define, historicise and analyse the contentious genre of ‘anti-chick lit’. In this thesis, I argue that anti-chick lit – while critically neglected – represents a key development in women’s writing from the 1990s onwards; alighting on the girl and the grrrl as figures of contradiction and transitional possibility, anti-chick fictions generate spaces in which the darker aspects of female experience – from mental illness, self-harming and unwanted pregnancies, to sexual excess and consumerism – can be creatively (re)imagined. In this way, Collage Grrrls makes a timely intervention into debates about feminine identity and feminism in popular culture. At the heart of these debates, however, exists a fraught paradox that Collage Grrrls will interrogate: at the same time as celebrating a female subject that is ‘untamed, ungroomed and unglossed’, does anti-chick lit’s alignment with the mass- market appeal of chick lit mean that the subject is simultaneously re-tamed, re-groomed and re-glossed in order to preserve her appeal – paradoxically – to a mass audience? I identify Emma Forrest, an Anglo-American author and journalist, as a representative for the genre. Along with Forrest’s novels Namedropper (1998), Thin Skin (2002) and Cherries in the Snow (2005), I will also include detailed reference to Stephanie Kuehnert’s I wanna be your Joey Ramone (2008) and Kristin Hersh’s Rat Girl (2010). Collage Grrrl’s scope of literary genres includes Young Adult fiction and memoir, with each key work presenting an unapologetic portrait of female pathology. The discussion will address the impact of third wave and postfeminism, and the cultural shifts in mainstream representations of gender, specifically in light of the fluxional identity politics of the 90s and their effect on young women. The politics and practices of this era paved the way for movements such as riot grrrl, with the grrrl becoming a notable figure for challenging normative meanings of femininity. By examining authors and works on which there is little critical material, Collage Grrrls aims to do the same, seeking out authors and texts that have yet to be recuperated to academic discourse.
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Green, Helen. "Middlebrow mystics : Henri Bergson and British culture, 1899-1939." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2015. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/27319/.
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This thesis explores the influence of Henri Bergson’s philosophy on middlebrow literature between 1899 and 1939. In doing so it engages with the work of Joseph Conrad, Algernon Blackwood and John Buchan as well as critics John Mullarkey, Suzanne Guerlac, Michael Vaughan and Michael Kolkman who, over the past three decades, have instigated a significant interdisciplinary revival and reassessment of Bergson’s work. Specifically, this study builds on, yet also extends, the work of literary critics like Paul Douglass, Hillary Fink, Mary Ann Gillies and S.E. Gontarski who since the 1990s have produced extensive studies exploring the impact of Bergson’s philosophy on modernism. While each of these studies confirm the considerable impact Bergson wrought on the culture and literature of this period, each limit their focus to canonical ‘highbrow’ modernist writers. Given the pervasive popularity of Bergson at this juncture, and following the spirit of recent calls in modernist studies for more inclusive, ‘flexible and perspicuous’ interpretations of the period’s literature, this project aims to extend the parameters of existing research to encompass early twentieth century ‘middlebrow’ fiction in the belief that Bergson represents a significant cultural and ideological bridge between these, too often, polarised literary streams. As such, this study expands on the work of scholars like Nicola Humble, Kate Macdonald, Erica Brown and Mary Grover who, to borrow Humble’s term, have sought to ‘rehabilitate’ and reassess critical perceptions of the early twentieth century’s ‘middlebrow’ writing. Following a detailed explanation of Bergson’s philosophy, its place in early twentieth century British culture and its pertinence to literary studies today, I will move on to discuss key works by Joseph Conrad, Algernon Blackwood, Arthur Machen and John Buchan in relation to Bergson’s philosophy, placing particular focus on their more mystical aspects and thematic, structural applications. Such an investigation does not aim to negate the unique contribution Bergson made to inspiring, elucidating and supporting the formal innovations of modernism but hopes to emphasise the fact that his ideas resounded far beyond this context, capturing the attention of an unexpectedly broad spectrum of society in often unexpected, unconventional and as yet, under-explored ways.
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Pietersen, Lauren. "Coenzyme Q10 for statin-induced myopathy : a systematic review." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71937.
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Thesis (MNutrition (ITE))--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Background Statins are drugs of known efficacy in the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia. However, statin-induced myopathy, an adverse effect of statins in up to 15% of its users, has warranted a reduction in the prescription dose or discontinuation of the drug. The exact mechanism of statin-induced myopathy is unknown, but the potential of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) as treatment has been recognized due to decreased human plasma CoQ10 levels found after statin use and the concomitant role of CoQ10 in muscle function. Objectives This systematic review assessed the effect of CoQ10 supplementation on: the severity of statin-induced myopathic symptoms, levels of plasma creatine kinase, intramuscular and plasma CoQ10, as well as whether any adverse effects of CoQ10 supplementation such as abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting or headaches were experienced. Search methods Two searches for studies were conducted in The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (inception to March 2011 and inception to November 2011), MEDLINE (inception to March 2011 and inception to November 2011), Web of Science (inception to March 2011 and inception to November 2011), Science Direct (inception to March 2011 and inception to February 2012), Wiley Online Library (inception to March 2011 and inception to February 2012), Springerlink (inception to April 2011 and inception to February 2012), EBSCOhost [Academic Search Premier and CAB abstracts (inception to March 2011 and inception to February 2012), CINAHL (inception to March 2011 and inception to November 2011)], Scopus (inception to March 2011 and inception to November 2011) and Google Scholar (inception to March 2011 and inception to February 2012). Reference lists of articles were hand searched for relevant clinical trials. Only trials with a full text were included in the review. Selection criteria Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included with adult participants (mean of 18-64.99 years) of all race/ethnic groups and gender on statin therapy with reported myopathic symptoms from an unknown cause. The intervention was in the form of a pure oral supplement of CoQ10 irrespective of dose, duration and frequency, and the control in the form of a placebo, a similar antioxidant, or no intervention. Outcomes included the severity of myopathic symptoms, levels of plasma creatine kinase (U/L), intramuscular CoQ10 (μmol/kg) and plasma CoQ10 (μmol/L), as well as adverse effects of CoQ10. Data collection and analysis The principle investigator and one independent reviewer selected the studies, extracted data and assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane Collaboration‘s tool for assessing risk of bias. Authors of relevant clinical trials were contacted for additional information. Results Two RCTs were included in the review, totaling 76 participants. A meta-analysis could not be performed, thus the review is narrative. There were an insufficient number of RCTs to confirm whether routine supplementation of CoQ10 improves statin-induced myopathic symptoms. Conclusions More and larger RCTs are required to determine the efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation in statin-induced myopathy. Consensus needs to be reached regarding the definition and measurement instrument/s of myopathy so that results of future studies can easily be compared and synthesized.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Agtergrond Statiene is medikasie bekend vir die effektiewe behandeling van hipercholesterolemie. Statien-geïnduseerde miopatie is egter 'n newe-effek wat voorkom in tot 15% van gebruikers, wat 'n vermindering in die voorgeskrewe dosis of staking van die medikasie tot gevolg het. Die presiese meganisme van statien-geïnduseerde miopatie is onbekend, maar die potensiaal van Koënsiem Q10 (CoQ10) is geïdentifiseer as 'n moontlike behandeling aangesien menslike plasma CoQ10 vlakke verlaag na die gebruik van statiene en as gevolg van die rol van CoQ10 in spierfunksie. Doelwitte Hierdie sistematiese literatuuroorsig het die effek van CoQ10 supplementasie bepaal op: die graad van statien-geïnduseerde miopatiese simptome, plasma kreatien kinase vlakke, intra-muskulêre en plasma CoQ10 vlakke, asook die teenwoordigheid van enige newe-effekte van CoQ10 supplementasie soos abdominale pyn, naarheid en braking of hoofpyne. Soektogstrategie Twee soektogte vir studies is uitgevoer in The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot November 2011), MEDLINE (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot November 2011), Web of Science (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot November 2011), Science Direct (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot Februarie 2012), Wiley Online Library (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot Februarie 2012), Springerlink (ontstaan tot April 2011 en ontstaan tot Februarie 2012), EBSCOhost [Academic Search Premier en CAB abstracts (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot Februarie 2012), CINAHL (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot November 2011)], Scopus (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot November 2011) en Google Scholar (ontstaan tot Maart 2011 en ontstaan tot Februarie 2012). Verwysingslyste van artikels is ook met die hand nagegaan vir relevante kliniese proewe. Slegs kliniese proewe waarvan die volteks beskikbaar was, is ingesluit in die oorsig. Seleksiekriteria Ewekansige gekontroleerde proewe (EGP) is ingesluit met volwasse deelnemers (gemiddeld 18-64.99 jaar) van alle rasse/etniese groepe en geslag op statien-terapie met gerapporteerde miopatie simptome van onbekende oorsaak. Die intervensie was 'n suiwer orale supplement van CoQ10 ongeag die dosis, duurte en frekwensie, en die kontrole 'n plasebo, soortgelyke antioksidant, of geen intervensie. Uitkomste het ingesluit: die graad van miopatie simptome, vlakke van plasma kreatien kinase (U/L), intra-muskulêre CoQ10 (μmol/kg) en plasma CoQ10 (μmol/L), sowel as newe-effekte van CoQ10. Dataversameling en -analise Die hoof ondersoeker en een onafhanklike hersiener het die seleksie van studies en data-ekstraksie onderneem en die risiko vir sydigheid geassesseer deur gebruik te maak van die Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias. Outeurs van relevante kliniese proewe is geraadpleeg vir addisionele inligting Resultate Twee EGP is ingesluit in die oorsig met 'n totaal van 76 deelnemers. 'n Meta-analise kon nie uitgevoer word nie, dus is die oorsig beskrywend. Daar was te min EGP om te bewys dat roetine supplementasie van CoQ10 statien-geïnduseerde miopatiese simptome verbeter. Gevolgtrekkings Meer en groter EGP is nodig om die effektiwiteit van CoQ10 supplementasie in statien-geïnduseerde miopatie te bepaal. Konsensus moet bereik word ten opsigte van die definisie en metingsinstrument/e van miopatie sodat die resultate van toekomstige studies makliker vergelyk en verwerk kan word.
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Sanchez, Paulo José. "Avaliação do desempenho em equinos suplementado com coenzima Q10." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/10/10135/tde-08042015-113247/.
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Com o objetivo de se investigar o efeito da suplementação de coenzima Q10 sobre o desempenho de equinos em treinamento aeróbio, foram utilizados dez equinos do sexo masculino, castrados, da raça Puro Sangue Árabe, com idade de 48±8,15 meses e peso 473±34,75 kg, divididos em grupo controle (GC) e grupo suplementado (GS). O experimento foi conduzido no Laboratório de Pesquisa em Alimentação e Fisiologia do Exercício de Equinos (LABEQUI), pertencente à FMVZ-USP, no Campus Administrativo de Pirassununga, São Paulo, adotando-se o consumo diário individual de 2% do peso corpóreo, com base na matéria seca, sendo 50% de volumoso composto por feno de gramínea e 50% de concentrado comercial. Os animais inseridos no grupo suplementado (GS) receberam individualmente a inclusão diária de 800mg de coenzima Q10 adicionado à dieta de concentrado durante os 90 dias de experimento. Todos os animais foram exercitados cinco vezes por semana, durante sessenta minutos, na velocidade máxima de 15 km/h, em exercitador circular mecânico para cavalos, controlado eletronicamente. Durante o experimento foram realizados análise hematológica e bioquímica (AST, CK e LDH), mensuração da curva de glicose e de lactato, monitoramento da frequência cardíaca e sudorese dos equinos. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com medidas repetidas no tempo, com dados estatisticamente significantes sendo submetidos à análise de regressão. Através das análises hematológicas, bioquímicas, da curva glicose e de lactato, pode-se observar a higidez e a adaptação dos animais frente ao protocolo de treinamento. O grupo suplementado apresentou efeito de tratamento para a enzima creatinaquinase, e apresentou menor oscilação da frequência cardíaca e da taxa de sudação. Conclui-se que a suplementação de equinos atletas com coenzima Q10 submetidos a exercício aeróbio influenciou no desempenho atlético dos cavalosWith the goal of investigating the effect of Coenzyme Q10 supplementation on the performance of equines subject to aerobic exercise, ten pure Arabian geldings, aged 48±8,15 months and weighing 473±34,75 kg were divided into control group (GC) and supplemented group (GS). The experiment was performed at LABEQUI - Equine Nutrition and Exercise Physiology Research Laboratory, which belongs to FMVZ - USP, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of USP (São Paulo University), which belongs to Campus Pirassununga. Individual intake of food was considered 2% of body weight, of which 50% corresponded to grass hay and 50% to commercial pelleted concentrate. The horses in the supplemented group (GS) received a daily inclusion of 800 mg of coenzyme Q10, added to the concentrated food during the 80 days of the experiment. All animals were exercised five days per week, during sixty minutes, at a top speed of 15 km/h, in a electronically controlled circular mechanical walker. During the experiment, blood tests and biochemical analysis (AST, CK, and LDH) were conducted, as well as measurements of glucose and lactate curves and monitoring of heart frequency and perspiration. The method used was totally casual lineation with measures repeated in time, with statistically significant data being submitted to regression analysis. Animals’ healthiness and adaptation to the training protocol could be observed through hematological and biochemical analysis and glycemic and lactate curves. The supplemented group showed a treatment effect for the enzyme creatinekinase, and showed less fluctuation in heart rate and sweating rate.. It was concluded that supplementation with coenzyme Q10 of equine athletes submitted to aerobic exercise had a positive effect on the athletic performance of the horses
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Duberley, K. E. "Neurometabolic implications of coenzyme Q10 deficiency : pathogenesis, detection and treatment." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2013. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1416289/.
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Disorders of Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) biosynthesis represent the most treatable subgroup of mitochondrial diseases. Neurological involvement is frequently observed in CoQ10 deficiency, typically presenting as cerebellar ataxia and/or seizures. The aetiology of the neurological presentation of CoQ10 deficiency has yet to be fully elucidated and therefore in order to investigate these phenomena we have established a neuronal cell model of CoQ10 deficiency by treatment of the neuronal SH-SY5Y cell line with Para-AminoBenzoic Acid (PABA). This neuronal cell model provides insights into the effects of CoQ10 deficiency on neuronal mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. A marginal decrease in CoQ10 status (76% residual CoQ10) appears to be sufficient to impair Electron Transport Chain (ETC) function and increase mitochondrial oxidative stress, highlighting the vulnerability of neurons to a small deficit in CoQ10 status. In contrast to CoQ10 deficient fibroblasts, a CoQ10 deficiency (46% residual CoQ10) in neuronal cells appears to result in reversal of Complex V activity. This phenomenon has not been reported in previous studies of CoQ10 deficiency and may be a unique characteristic of neuronal cells. This neuronal cell model was subsequently utilised in the evaluation of candidate therapies for neurological conditions associated with CoQ10 deficiency. The efficacy of CoQ10 supplementation and methylene blue (MB) treatment were evaluated. CoQ10 supplementation proved effective at preventing mitochondrial oxidative stress and partially restoring neuronal mitochondrial function. However ETC complex activities were still compromised, suggesting an explanation for the refractory nature of neurological CoQ10 deficiency to treatment. Muscle is considered the “gold standard” for CoQ10 quantification; however neurological CoQ10 deficiency does not always present with a significant decrease in muscle CoQ10 status, despite a genetic diagnosis of CoQ10 deficiency. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) CoQ10 quantification offers a more direct measurement of cerebellar CoQ10 levels. A tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) method capable of quantifying nanomolar (nM) levels of CoQ10 was therefore developed. In conclusion this PhD thesis has been successful in expanding our understanding of the pathophysiology of neuronal CoQ10 deficiency and subsequently suggesting why neurological CoQ10 deficiency might be refractory to CoQ10 treatment. This thesis has also led to the development of a new technique for quantification of CSF CoQ10 concentration, opening up many possibilities for future studies and applications.
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Jansson, Helena. "Har Q10 någon effekt på smärtan vid statininducerad myopati/myalgi?" Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kemi och biomedicin (KOB), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-72831.
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Sammanfattning Bakgrund:Koenzym Q10 (Q10) syntetiseras i kroppen och återfinns med de högsta koncentrationerna i hjärta, lever och immunförsvarets celler. Det har en viktig roll när det agerar transportör av elektroner i andningskedjan. Q10 har även antioxiderande egenskaper, stärker cellmembran och motverkar fettsyraoxidation i mitokondrien och cellmembran. Nyare studier visar att ett tillskott av Q10 även förbättrar symptomen vid kronisk hjärtsvikt och minskar kardiovaskulära händelser.Vid förhöjda blodfetter är det mest använda läkemedlet statiner. De hämmar kolesterolsyntesen i levern och de påverkar även syntesen av Q10 vilken också sker mevalonatvägen. En av de vanligaste biverkningarna vid statinbehandling är muskelbesvären myopati och myalgi. Studier visar att dåligt fungerande mitokondrier och reducering av Q10 i serum kan relateras till statinbehandling. Syfte:Syftet med detta arbete har varit att undersöka om ett tillskott av Q10 har någon reducerande effekt på smärtan vid statininducerad myopati (SIM). Metod:Denna litteraturstudie baserades på sex vetenskapliga artiklar sökta via PubMed. Studierna skulle vara randomiserade, dubbelblinda kliniska studier gjorda på människor. Av sökningens 10 träffar erhölls 6 artiklar vilka var relevanta för att besvara denna studiens frågeställning. Resultat:Resultatet visade att Q10 inte har någon större effekt på smärtan vid SIM. Endast 2 av 6 studier visar att Q10 har en god effekt. Slutsats: För att kunna dra slutsats om Q10 har effekt eller inte vid SIM behövs fler randomiserade placebokontrollerade studier med jämförbara grupper och fler antal deltagare.
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Sturm, Jennifer. "Domain-specificity in the acquisition of non-adjacent dependencies." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2011. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/7709/.
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At the forefront of investigations into the cognitive underpinnings of language acquisition is the question of domain-specificity, i.e. whether the processes involved in learning language are unique to language. Recent investigations suggest that the mechanisms employed in language learning are also involved in sequential learning of non-linguistic stimuli and are therefore domain-general. Non-adjacent dependencies are an important feature of natural languages. They describe relationships between two elements separated by an arbitrary number of intervening items, and thus potentially pose a challenge for learners. As a hallmark of natural languages they are ubiquitous, an example from English being subject-verb agreement: The socks on the floor are red. Here, learners are required to track the dependencies amongst the two underlined elements across an intervening prepositional phrase. Importantly, it has been shown that non-adjacent dependencies can be learned in the linguistic (Gómez, 2002) and non-linguistic (Creel, Newport & Aslin, 2004) domain. The majority of work presented in this thesis is based on Gómez’s (2002) artificial language learning experiment involving non-adjacent dependencies, adapted to directly compare adults’ learning in the linguistic and non-linguistic domain, in order to build a comprehensive map showing factors and conditions that enhance/ inhibit the learnability of non-adjacencies. Experiment 1 shows that the Gestalt Principle of Similarity is not a requirement for the detection of non-adjacent dependencies in the linguistic domain. Experiment 2 aims to explore the robustness of the ability to track non-adjacent regularities between linguistic elements by removing cues that indicate the correct level of analysis (i.e. interword breaks). Experiments 3 and 4 study domain-specificity in the acquisition of non-adjacencies, and show that non-adjacent dependencies are learnable in the linguistic and nonlinguistic domain, provided that the non-linguistic materials are simple and lacking internal structure. However, language is rich in internal structure: it is combinatorial on the phonemic/ orthographic level in that it recombines elements (phonemes/graphemes) to form larger units. When exposed to non-linguistic stimuli which capture this componential character of language, adult participants fail to detect the non-adjacencies. However, when exposed to non-componential non-linguistic materials, adult participants succeed in learning the non-adjacent dependencies. Experiment 5 looks at modality effects in the acquisition of non-adjacent dependencies across the linguistic and non-linguistic domain. Experiment 6 provides evidence that high familiarity with componential non-linguistic patterns does not result in the correct extraction of non-adjacencies in sequence learning tasks involving these patterns. Overall, the work presented here demonstrates that the acquisition of nonadjacent dependencies is a domain-general ability, which is guided by stimulus simplicity.
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Mourgue, d'Algue Amélie. "Belonging in mother tongues." Thesis, Royal College of Art, 2018. http://researchonline.rca.ac.uk/3458/.
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What does it mean to belong? On the one hand, belonging is the dynamic, internal, intimate, individual experience of relating to others and being part of a ‘we’ that remains undetermined. On the other hand, belonging is the result of an external act of attribution, a fixed assignation of identity. Both are essentially carried in and through language. I propose that belonging is made possible by the act of coming to speaking and the experience of being heard. I explore this possibility through a social art practice that works with the poetic, emotive, reflexive and phatic function of the word, especially when spoken, and of the photographic image, still or moving. My research outputs, often the results of encounters and collaborations taking place in specific places, function as examples of what it means to belong. Throughout this research project, I draw on the experience of living in between one’s mother tongue and other languages in order to demonstrate how immersing oneself in a language different from the language one grew up in radically reconfigures a subject’s identity and sense of belonging. The Bulgarian-French psychoanalyst, literary theorist and poet Julia Kristeva writes that in between silence, your element is silence. Breaking that silence and coming to speaking and writing in a new language transforms the relation between subject and language into a dynamic and emancipatory relation, reassessing what makes a language maternal and proposing a reformulation of what it means to belong. The experience of belonging is connected to the practice of place. Over the past couple of years, I have developed my research in between three different kind of places: the fine art research seminar room, conversing with fellow researchers who live in between languages, the Masbro community centre in Hammersmith, London, working with the students and teachers of English as a Second Language (ESOL) classes, and my home, which is the place where I live with my family, welcome my relatives and friends and develop my work.
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Pasha, Rand. "The Role of Coenzyme Q10 in Statin Treated Zebrafish (Danio rerio)." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31427.
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Atorvastatin (ATV) is a member of the statin family of pharmaceuticals sold as Lipitor™ by Pfizer Pharmaceuticals. Statins inhibit HMG-Coenzyme A reductase (HMG-CoAR), thus inhibiting the biosynthesis of cholesterol and other isoprenoid compounds including Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10). This study evaluated the role of CoQ10 in preventing ATV-induced myotoxicity using the zebrafish Danio rerio as a model organism. ATV reduced spontaneous swimming, response to tactile stimuli, whole body enzyme activities (citrate synthase, cytochrome oxidase and lactate dehydrogenase) as well as increased pericardial sac edema in larvae. Transcript abundance of muscle atrophy markers (atrogen-1, murf) and the mitochondrial biogenesis marker (pgc-1α) were also altered. Additionally, acute toxicity of adult zebrafish resulted in no change in locomotor behaviour; however tissue enzyme activities and transcript abundance were altered. These findings demonstrate the protective effect of CoQ10 against larval ATV-meditated reduction in responses to tactile stimuli and enzyme activities suggesting CoQ10 does play a role in ATV-mediated toxicity.
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Ali, Mumtaz. "Investigating Pakistani university students' level of willingness to communicate (WTC) in English as a foreign language : a case study of students from the Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Sindh (SALU)." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36296/.
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The current study sets out to investigate the level of Pakistani university students’ willingness to communicate (WTC) in English and what affects users’ willingness in a setting where English has been taught, learnt, and used as a foreign language. Pakistan is a linguistically complex society where ethnic diversity and multiple educational systems increasingly makes English language teaching (ELT) daunting and challenging. This thesis, therefore, highlights particularly the linguistic issues users of English face while perceiving their willingness to communicate in English in their day-to-day affairs. I argue that linguists and policy makers, in Pakistan, have largely neglected or failed to address the issues related to users of English ability to communicate in English. Moreover, I argue that studying these users’ willingness to communicate in English has also been essential in a sense to comprehend that how such users perceive their level of willingness to communicate under various conversational contexts with different types of interlocutors. The present study was conducted at Shah Abdul Latif University (SALU), Khairpur, Pakistan. Khairpur is one of the oldest cities of Pakistan with its rich cultural heritage and political history. However, the educational standard is still in its early stages of development due to the rural location and lack of interest from the government. Using mixed-method research measures, the current study recruited N=350 research participants for self-administered questionnaires and N=15 for semi-structured interviews. The findings of the present study suggested that users of English from SALU did not have a high level of WTC and their WTC was affected by a host of factors such as topic, task type, interlocutors, interactional contexts, desire to get good grades, gender, lack of self-confidence and communication anxiety, and some of the background variables. Evidence from self-report questionnaires and semi-structured interviews indicated that familiarity with interlocutors and knowledge of the interactional contexts encouraged L2 learners to be more willing to communicate. Results of the study further revealed that the influence of the combination of variables differed between individuals and interrelationship could be too complex to be predicted. At the end, acknowledging the limitations of the current study, recommendations for future research have been proposed along with possible pedagogical implications.
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Hall, Graham. "Theory, 'plausibility' and practice in English Language Teaching : from disciplinary knowledge to practitioner understanding." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/33380/.
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This submission for a PhD by publication is situated in the discipline of Applied Linguistics, focusing specifically on the field of English Language Teaching (ELT) and the relationship between theoretical and disciplinary knowledge on the one hand, and English language teachers’ understandings of such knowledge and its relevance for their own situated pedagogic practice on the other. The submitted work harnesses practitioner experiences in relation to theoretical knowledge and challenges traditional tenets of ELT thought and practice, particularly around the key pedagogic issue of own-language use in the classroom. My publications make an original contribution to the field of ELT from an Applied Linguistics perspective by: •framing a problem-posing approach to professional practice and disciplinary knowledge based on the tenet that practitioner understanding depends on teachers’ own sense of plausibility (publications b, d, and e) •contributing to the development of practitioner understanding of the theory-practice interface in ELT, by: illuminating research and research dilemmas in practice (publication a); exploring the relationship between disciplinary knowledge and local pedagogic practice (publications b, d, and e); and mapping and, where appropriate, challenging traditional assumptions underpinning ELT, particularly concerning own-language use in the classroom (c, d and e). •developing disciplinary knowledge through the collection and analysis of primary data drawn from teachers’ understanding of their own practices and pedagogic contexts (publications a, d, e) or through the shaping of academic and professional discourse through the synthesis of sources (b and c). Consequently, my publications have resulted in a range of impacts and practical applications in the field of ELT across a variety of contexts around the world, in: classroom pedagogy, materials and resource development, curriculum design, and CPD and teacher training/education programmes. Thus, the work put forward in this submission lies on the boundaries of applied linguistic theory and ELT practice, mediating disciplinary knowledge in light of real world experiences, perspectives and problems.
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Wennberg, Amanda, and Sofie Stenmark. "Kvinnliga nätverk - ett sätt att göra skillnad? : En fallstudie på nätverket Q80 och dess mentor program." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-151795.
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Sweden is known to be one of the world’s most equal countries. Nevertheless, out of Sweden’s 262 listed companies, only seven of them has a female president, which is equal to 3,4 percent. To counteract these numbers there are several possibilities. One arrangement that is highly controversial is affirmative actions. But there are other options, for instance more and more female networks are starting to rise and many of them also offers a mentoring program where the mentee gets the opportunity to learn from someone with more experience. The purpose of this study is to examine what difference the female network Q80, with focus on its mentoring program, is doing for the mentee. As an underlying purpose the study is also examining what visions and attitudes the management and the mentors is communicating within Q80. The focus is mainly on the visions of Q80, menas mentors and business exceeding mentorship. A survey has been carried out among mentees from three different seats of mentoring programs where they have answered 19 different questions regarding their time as a mentee. Furthermore interviews have taken place with the management of Q80 and two mentors. The results are analyzed based on theories about gender, women in management, leadership, mentoring program and organizational structure. The result shows that Q80i as a source of inspiration and a support for the category of "career women" with its core mission to strengthen the participation of individuals on a personal level more than to work to even out the gap in the Swedish labor market. In terms of what the mentee get out of the participation in the Q80's net working and mentoring program, the biggest difference has been shown to be personal development.
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Bremer, Jan Daniel. "Die Wirkung von Ezetimib und/oder Simvastatin auf die Plasmakonzentration von Coenzym Q10 /." Bonn, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000253855.
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Buján, Murlà Núria. "Estudis bioquímics i moleculars en pacients amb deficiències mitocondrials i de coenzim Q10." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398580.
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The diagnose of a mitochondrial disease implies biochemical studies such as the enzymatic activities of the mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) and the quantification of the amount of CoQ10 in energetic tissues. Throughout this thesis we have worked on the development of methods to improve these studies in order to get a better diagnostic efficiency in these patients. Blue Native electrophoresis gel allows the study of complex V ATPasa activity and complex I enzymatic activity in cultured fibroblasts, which are not possbile to be studied using standard spectrophotometric methods, becoming good complementary assays. Patients with primary CoQ10 deficiencies improve with CoQ10 treatment. We have developed a technique for the study of the endogenous CoQ10 biosynthesis in cells using non-radioactive isotops that discriminates primary from secondary CoQ10 deficiencies.The implemented methodologies have improved the quality of the analysis test and the diagnose in patiens with a supect of mitochondrial disease or CoQ10 deficiecyEl diagnòstic de les malalties mitocondrials inclou estudis bioquímics com ara les activitats enzimàtiques dels complexes de la cadena respiratòria mitocondrial (CRM) i la quantificació del CoQ10 en teixits energètics. En aquesta tesi s’ha treballat en el desenvolupament de mètodes d’estudi per millorar el rendiment diagnòstic dels pacients. La electroforesis en Blue Native-gel permet l’estudi de l’activitat ATPasa del complex V i l’activitat del complex I en fibroblasts, activitats que no es poden determinar mitjançant les tècniques espectrofotomètriques habituals, esdevenint una bona tècnica complementària als estudis espectrofotomètrics. Els pacients amb deficiències primàries de CoQ10 milloren amb tractament amb CoQ10. Hem desenvolupat una tècnica d’estudi de la via de biosíntesi endògena de CoQ10 en cèl•lules mitjançant isòtops no-radioactius que permet discriminar entre deficiències primàries i secundàries de CoQ10. Les metodologies implementades han millorat la qualitat analítica i el diagnòstic en pacients amb sospita de malaltia mitocondrial i/o deficiència de CoQ10
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RAMALHO, Flávia Camila Siqueira Pereira. "Efeito da coenzima Q10 no meio de fertilização in vitro de embriões bovinos." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/6251.
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In vitro embryo production (IVP) in cattle became an important commercial tool in genetic improvement programs of the world herd, being widely used for this purpose. However in vitro fertilization (IVF) can cause generation of reactive oxygen species that can affect embryo viability. Coenzyme Q10, an important cofactor in the transport chain of mitochondria has antioxidant function on lipid membrane and it was proved a direct correlation between the presence of Coenzyme Q10 and normal spermatozoa parameters such as density, motility, morphology and volume. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Coenzyme Q10 on sperm function in IVF using conventional or sexed semen; also if the addition of this cofactor can improve embryo IVP in bovine oocytes. In experiment 1 was evaluated the effect of sperm function during incubation periods of sexed and conventional semen samples. In experiment 2, IVF medium was supplemented with 0 (control group), 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM of Coenzyme Q10. Bovine oocytes were collected from a slaughterhouse located 20 minutes from the lab. It was observed a negative effect of Coenzyme with significant differences in the rates of cleavage or in the production of blastocyst (p< 0.05) at a concentration of 20 μM when compared with all other groups with either sexed as conventional semen. These results demonstrate that supplementation of the Coenzyme Q10 in the IVF medium, do not alter spermatozoa function. We can also infer that there is a tendency to improve embryo production in the concentration of 5 μM in IVF medium.
A produção de embriões in vitro (PIV) em bovinos tornou-se importante ferramenta comercial nos programas de melhoramento genético do rebanho mundial como técnica de multiplicação, sendo amplamente utilizada para esse fim. Entretanto a Fertilização in vitro (FIV) provoca geração de espécies reativas de oxigênio que podem afetar a viabilidade embrionária. A Coenzima Q10, um cofator de importância na cadeia de transporte das mitocôndrias tem função antioxidante na membrana lipídica e foi verificado uma correlação direta entre a Coenzima e os parâmetros normais de sêmen tais como, densidade, motilidade, morfologia e o volume. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da Coenzima Q10 na função espermática em FIV utilizando-se sêmen convencional e sexado; e se a adição desse cofator pode melhorar a produção embrionária in vitro de oócitos bovinos. No Experimento o meio de FIV foi suplementado com 0 (grupo controle), 5 μM, 10 μM, 20 μM da Coenzima Q10. Os Oócitos foram coletados de um abatedouro localizado a 20 minutos do laboratório. Foi observado um efeito deletério da coenzima com diferença significativa nas taxas de clivagem ou na produção de blastocisto (p<0,05) na concentração de 20 μM quando comparado com os demais grupos tanto com sêmen sexado como convencional. Estes resultados demonstram que a suplementação da Coenzima Q10 no meio FIV não altera a função espermática, entretanto tem um efeito deletério a partir da concentração de 20 μM. Podemos ainda inferir que na concentração de 5 μM no meio FIV há uma tendência na melhoria da produção embrionária.
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Salomão, Rondineli Seba. "VALIDAÇÃO DO USO DO EQUIPAMENTO ISPEC Q100 NO CONTROLE DE QUALIDADE DA MISTURA DIESEL-BIODIESEL." Universidade Federal do Maranhão, 2011. http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/940.
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Previous issue date: 2011-03-01Nowdays, biodiesel s standardization for quality control in Brazil comprises two standard groups and within these methods, validation is essential to ensure the success in fuel s quality control. The aim of the present work was validating the use of the equipment I-SPEC in analysis of biodiesel blends with diesel, from a mixed matrix (vegetable, animal). The equipment, based on spectroscopy impedance, analyzes four parameters in biodiesel (total glycerol content, acidity index, residual content of methanol and biodiesel blend in diesel). The procedure involved analyzes of biodiesel, blends of biodiesel:diesel, and diesel samples by infrared (FT-IR) technique, correlation curves analysis of IV x I-SPEC in duplicate, quintuplicate sample and different analysts. The obtained data were subjected to the Z Score test (Zanalist1 = 0.0 and Zanalist2= 0.335) and the Student's T test (tcalculated1 = 0.0 and tcalculated2 = 0.75), with 95% level of confidence and 4 degrees of freedom, demonstrating that the method generates real results, compared to the standard technique (FT-IR). Correlation I-SPEC x FT-IR showed good linearity (r = 0.997) and low relative difference (error < 2.0%) ensuring that the methodology can be applied to study blend with equivalence of results, within their limitations of precision, and contemplating the content of biodiesel in diesel, currently regulated by Brazilian legislation (5%). The equipment provides portability, low maintenance costs and low complexity of operation compared to standard techniques (FT-IR, CG, HPLC) and therefore could be used in field assessments. As disadvantage, we can mention: the use of sensors limited to only once, the results are generated for biodiesel blends (biodiesel:diesel) in absolute values (with only one significant figure), the method will not be able to detect contamination of biodiesel with vegetal oil, the need of the equipment be used in environment with low temperature variation (± 1.0 º C) to perform the analysis. With the results from this study can be concluded that, even considering the disadvantages, the new procedure is similar, in terms of applicability to standard method, FT-IR. So the I-SPEC equipment appears sufficient to allow the determination of biodiesel blends : diesel, within the range studied (2% to 10%), ensuring security of the analytical results studied.
A normatização vigente para o controle de qualidade de biodiesel no Brasil engloba dois grupos de parâmetros e dentro destes a validação de métodos é um ponto essencial para a garantia do sucesso e controle de qualidade dos combustíveis. O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de validar o uso do equipamento I-SPEC na análise de misturas biodiesel:diesel, provenientes de uma matriz mista (vegetal:animal). O equipamento baseado em espectroscopia de impedância avalia quatro parâmetros no biodiesel (teor de glicerol total, índice de acidez, teor de metanol residual e teor de biodiesel no diesel). O procedimento envolveu etapas de avaliação de amostras de biodiesel, diesel e misturas biodiesel:diesel, por Infravermelho, análise de correlação entre as curvas IV x I-SPEC em duplicata, quintuplicata e diferentes analistas. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos ao teste de Z Score (Zanalista1=0,0 e Z analista2 = 0,335) e ao teste t de Student (tcalculado1 = 0,0 e tcalculado2 = 0,75), com nível de confiança de 95% e 4 graus de liberdade demonstrando que o método gera resultados confiáveis, comparados à técnica padrão (FT-IR). A correlação I-SPEC x FT-IR demonstrou boa linearidade (r=0,997) e baixa diferença entre os métodos (Erro Relativo <2,0%), garantindo que a metodologia do I-SPEC pode ser aplicada à matriz proposta com equivalência de resultados, dentro de suas limitações de precisão, e contemplando a faixa de teor de Biodiesel no diesel, regulamentada atualmente pela legislação brasileira (5%). O novo equipamento oferece portabilidade, baixo custo de manutenção e baixa complexidade de operação, se comparado às técnicas padrão (FT-IR, CG, HPLC) podendo assim ser utilizado em avaliações de campo. Como desvantagem, podemos citar: o uso dos sensores limitado a uma única vez; o fato dos resultados para as misturas de biodiesel no diesel (biodiesel:diesel) serem gerados em valores absolutos (com apenas um algarismo significativo); o método não foi sensível para quantificar contaminações do biodiesel com óleo vegetal; resultados dependentes da estabilidade terminca do ambiente (±1,0ºC) para realização das análises. Com os resultados obtidos a partir do presente estudo, pode-se concluir que, mesmo considerando as desvantagens, o procedimento avaliado é semelhante, em termos de aplicabilidade, ao método padrão (FT-IR), apresentado comportamento satisfatório para a determinação de misturas biodiesel:diesel, dentro da faixa estudada (2% a 10%), garantindo segurança analítica dos resultados estudados.
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Molyneux, Sarah Lee. "Development of assays for coenzyme Q10 and vitamin K, and their application in clinical trials." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1328.
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This thesis describes the development of separate assays to measure coenzyme Q₁₀ (CoQ₁₀) and vitamin K. Coenzyme Q is essential for the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and vitamin K for the blood coagulation cascade. Vitamin K deficiency is associated with haemorrhagic disease of the new-born, and CoQ₁₀ deficiency with HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor (statin) therapy and heart failure. Coenzyme Q and vitamin K are usually measured by HPLC, using electrochemical and ultraviolet, and electrochemical and fluorescence detection, respectively. For vitamin K1, the limit of detection achieved using fluorescence and electrochemical detection was 0.28 and 0.12 nmol/L, respectively. Sensitivity of fluorescence detection is improved by using protic solvents in the mobile phase, and platinum-black catalysed alcohol reduction. The lipophilicity and low endogenous concentrations of vitamin K1 hinder its measurement, and further work is required to produce a rapid, reliable and robust assay for its measurement in human plasma. The limits of detection achieved using fluorescence, ultraviolet and electrochemical detection to measure CoQ₁₀ were 29, 4.8, and 0.34 nmol/L, respectively. Plasma CoQ₁₀ is not stable during long term storage at -13 ℃, but at -80 ℃ it is stable for at least 18 months. The reference interval for plasma total CoQ₁₀ in the New Zealand population is 0.47 - 1.80 µmol/L. There is no clinical requirement for stratification of the reference interval according to gender. Coenzyme Q₁₀ in human plasma is homeostatically controlled, varying little over a two month interval in healthy young males. Coenzyme Q₁₀ supplements have significantly different bioavailability, with the median increase in plasma CoQ₁₀ ranging from 0.14 to 0.59 µmol/L for seven different supplement brands. There is a large inter-individual variation in CoQ₁₀ absorption, and hence plasma concentrations should be monitored during supplementation. A plateau in CoQ₁₀ absorption, from a single dose, at approximately 200 mg suggests that the maximum dose ingested at one time should be 200 mg or less. Q-Gel capsules containing 30 mg of CoQ₁₀ are twice as effective at raising blood CoQ₁₀ as 100 mg capsules. Plasma CoQ₁₀ in patients with chronic heart failure are significantly lowered by approximately 33% when these patients receive Atorvastatin for six weeks. The absolute decrease in CoQ₁₀ showed a significant correlation with worsening endothelial function (r = + 0.548, p = 0.011). Coenzyme Q₉ was shown to be present in human plasma with a reference interval of 8.8 - 47.0 nmol/L.
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McDonnell, Danielle. "'By force and against her will' : rape in law and literature, 1700-1765." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2016. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36207/.
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This thesis examines the relationship between fictional depictions of rape and legal and social realities between 1700 and 1765, and argues that these contexts are essential to reconstruct contemporary understandings of rape in this period. Rape was presented differently in legislation, legal texts, trials and literature, reflecting the varied ideas of what constituted a rape. The research begins by asking why the statutory definition of rape was inconsistent with legal practice, and how clear the legal conventions of rape were in contemporary society. This leads to a series of case studies investigating why Alexander Pope, Daniel Defoe, Henry Fielding, Tobias Smollett and Samuel Richardson were interested in rape, how their depictions of rape relate to legal realities and were informed by their own legal knowledge, and what form of interpretation the authors invite. The geographical focus on London is occasioned by the selection of trials, largely heard at the Old Bailey, and texts published in London, but acknowledges the wider national readership for the texts and trials, which were often reported in the press and/or published. The historical parameters reflect the decline in standardized legal education and increased reliance on legal texts from 1700, and the lack of a significant contemporary legal treatise to guide interpretations of statutory and common law until the publication of William Blackstone’s Commentaries on the Laws of England (1765-1769). This study contributes to existing scholarship on rape in the eighteenth century. Criticism in this area has begun to adopt an interdisciplinary approach to this subject. This thesis combines legal and non-legal sources to inform its analysis, suggesting that critical approaches need to use a wider range of sources to reconstruct the context in which contemporary portrayals of rape were situated. Part two of this thesis offers new readings of canonical works, showing how Pope, Defoe, Richardson, Smollett and Fielding engaged with wider contextual legal discourse in their works, and explores their reasons for doing so. These case studies assert the importance of legal and social contexts, offer new ways of interpreting rape in literature, and show that literary authors negotiated and presented ideas of rape in a variety of ways in their texts, influencing public perceptions of the nature and illegality of such acts.
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Blackwood, Ashleigh. "Managing maternity : reproduction and the literary imagination in the eighteenth century." Thesis, Northumbria University, 2017. http://nrl.northumbria.ac.uk/36273/.
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This thesis demonstrates how literary and medical authors explored changing concepts of childbirth and reproductive medicine between the years 1737 and 1798. Considerable changes took place during this period that transformed birth from a social rite of passage into a medical event. Questions such as who and what was involved in reproduction, how childbirth was managed by individuals and communities, as well as how common understanding about these matters were reached, were brought to the fore in a way that they had never before been raised. A key means by which these ideas were communicated was through the rapidly developing print market with its overlapping interests in literature and medicine. Scholarship of medical humanities and medical history has grown exponentially in the last few decades, including that relating to the history of midwifery and the professionalization of what would become obstetric discourse, yet no study has brought together the theme of reproduction with trends in medical and literary publishing directly. The methodology employed here favours neither the literary nor historical, nor the feminist over the biographical, but rather brings these approaches together, drawing on medical theory of the period, trends in publishing, the rise of both women’s writing and the novel, as the texts considered require. The thesis widens the source pool consulted for purposes of developing a detailed understanding of the history of reproductive medicine. In doing so, the materials analysed reveal that both lay and professional authors found a range of creative ways of relating to changes in the medical management of pregnancy and childbirth, using personal stories and broader medical information, some of this illicit.
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Al-Khawaldeh, N. N. "Politeness orientation in the linguistic expression of gratitude in Jordan and England : a comparative cross-cultural study." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/344604.
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The thesis investigates ways of communicating gratitude are perceived and realised in Jordan and England. It focuses on the impact of several variables on the expression of gratitude and examines the differences between the data elicited by pragmatic research instruments (DCT and role-play). Data were collected from native speakers: 46 Jordanian Arabic, 46 English natives using DCTs, role-plays and interviews. Slight similarities and significant cross-cultural differences were revealed in terms of gratitude expressions’ perception, number and strategy type. This cultural contrast reveals differences in the sociolinguistic patterns of conveying gratitude in verbal and nonverbal communication. The most important theoretical finding is that the data, while consistent with many views found in the existing literature, do not support Brown and Levinson’s (1987) claim that communicating gratitude intrinsically threatens the speaker’s negative face. Rather, it is argued that gratitude should be viewed as a means of establishing and sustaining social relationships. The findings suggest that cultural variation in expressing gratitude is due to the high degree of sensitivity to the interplay of several social and contextual variables. The findings provide worthwhile insights into theoretical issues concerning the nature of communicative acts, the relation between types of communicative acts and the general principles of human communication, especially rapport between people in social interaction, as well as the relation between culture-specific and universal features of communicative activity types. Differences were found between pragmatic research instruments. The outcomes indicate that using a mixture of methods is preferable as long as this serves the aim of the study as it merges their advantages by eliciting spontaneous data in controlled settings. The ramifications of this study for future multi-dimensional investigations of the contrasts between Arabic and English speaking cultures are expected to prove particularly significant in virtue of corroborating or refuting existing findings and in this way paving the way for new research.
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Carneiro, João Alexandre Matos [UNESP]. "Da coenzima Q10 sobre a viabilidade espermática de garanhões resistentes ou sensíveis à congelação." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151226.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
Entre as vantagens da criopreservação seminal, destacam-se a otimização do uso de garanhões com comprovada superioridade genética, pela possibilidade do armazenamento de sêmen mesmo fora da estação de monta e a quebra das barreiras geográficas, que torna possível a remessa deste material para qualquer parte do mundo. Contudo, o processo de congelação de sêmen causa danos à célula espermática, sendo a peroxidação lipídica e o estresse oxidativo, ocasionada pela produção anormal de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), as principais injúrias. Desta maneira, para se obter uma melhor qualidade seminal após a descongelação, é necessário adicionar aos diluentes seminais elementos que desempenhem função antioxidante, visando conter o aumento dos níveis dos agentes oxidantes. Coenzima Q10 (CoQ10) é um agente lipossolúvel promotor de energia, tendo como principal função transportar prótons e elétrons no processo de síntese de ATP na membrana mitocondrial interna, através da cadeia de transporte de elétrons. Ainda, a CoQ10 atua como um potente antioxidante em diversos sistemas biológicos, tais como, lipoproteínas e membranas, protegendo-os contra a oxidação, inibindo a formação de hidroperóxidos e, consequentemente, prevenindo a peroxidação lipídica. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ação da coenzima Q10 (CoQ10) no espermatozoide de garanhões resistentes (RC) e sensíveis (SC) a congelação. Cada ejaculado (n=24) foi dividido em nove tratamentos e submetido à congelação, sendo a CoQ10 adicionada ao diluente de centrifugação, nas concentrações de 25 μmol/L (CE25), 50 μmol/L (CE50), 75 μmol/L (CE75) e 100 μmol/L (CE100), ou ao de congelação nas mesmas concentrações, 25 μmol/L (FE25), 50 μmol/L (FE50), 75 μmol/L (FE75) e 100 μmol/L (FE100). No grupo controle não houve adição da CoQ10 em nenhum dos meios diluentes. O processo de descongelação foi realizado à 37ºC/30 segundos (T0) e, para avaliação após estresse térmico, 37ºC/30minutos (T30). Posteriormente, as células espermáticas foram avaliadas quanto a cinética, integridade da membrana plasmática (IMP), desestabilização da membrana (NCAP), produção de espécies reativas ao oxigênio (H2O2 e O2 -), atividade mitocondrial e peroxidação lipídica. De acordo com os resultados, não houve diferença significativa entre os grupos, tanto no momento T0 quanto no momento T30, para os garanhões classificados como RC (p>0,05), com exceção da peroxidação lipídica, que em ambos os momentos, os grupos tratados apresentaram valores menores quando comparados ao controle (p<0,05). Já para os animais classificados como SC, houve uma superioridade das células espermáticas tratadas com a CoQ10 (p<0,05), com exceção da concentração de O2 - e potencial mitocondrial no T0, em que não apresentaram diferença entre os grupos (p>0,05). As células espermáticas do grupo CE75 se mostraram superiores aos parâmetros avaliados em relação aos demais grupos. Podemos concluir que a CoQ10 promove uma diminuição do estresse oxidativo e maior viabilidade ao espermatozoide de garanhões sensíveis ao processo de congelação espermática.
Among the advantages of seminal cryopreservation, the optimization of using stallions with proven genetic superiority, the possibility of storing semen even outside the breeding season and the breaking of geographical barriers, which makes it possible to send this material to any part of the world can de highlighted. However, the process of semen freezing causes damage to the sperm cell, and the abnormal production of reactive oxygen species is caused by lipid peroxidation of the sperm membrane, which is a major cause of such injury. Thus, in order to obtain a better seminal quality after thawing, it is necessary to add to the diluents substances that play an antioxidant function, limiting levels of the oxidizing agents increase. Coenzyme Q10 is a liposoluble energy-promoting agent, whose main function is to transport protons and electrons in the process of ATP synthesis in the internal mitochondrial membrane, through the electron transport chain. Furthermore, CoQ10 (ubiquinol) acts as a potent antioxidant in several biological systems, such as lipoproteins and membranes, protecting them against oxidation, inhibiting the hydroperoxides formation and, consequently, preventing lipid peroxidation. In this way, the objective of this study was to discuss how CoQ10 may help reducing the oxidative stress caused by seminal cryopreservation process. This form, the objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant action of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on spermatozoa from good freezers (GF) and bad freezers (BF) stallions. Each ejaculate (n=15) was divided into nine treatments and subject to freezing process. The CoQ10 was added to centrifugation extender at concentrations 25 μmols/L (CE25), 50 μmols/L (CE50), 75 μmols/L (CE75) and 100 μmols/L (CE100), or at the freezer extender at the same concentrations, 25 μmols/L (FE25), 50 μmols/L (FE50), 75 μmols/L (FE75) and 100 μmols/L (FE100). In the control group there was no addition of CoQ10 in any of the extenders. The thawing process was performed at 37ºC/30 seconds (T0) and at 37ºC/30 minutes (T30). Posteriorly, sperm cells were evaluated for kinetics, plasma membrane integrity (PMI), membrane desestabilization (NCAP), reactive oxygen species production (H2O2 and O2 -), mitochondrial activity and lipid peroxidation. According to the results, there was no significant difference between the groups, as well T0 moment as T30 moment, for good freezer stallions (p>0.05). However for bad freezer stallions, there was a superiority of the sperm cells that came into contact with CoQ10 (p <0.05), except for the O2 - concentration and mitochondrial potential (T0) in which there was no significant difference between the Groups (p> 0.05). The sperm cells of the CE75 group were superior in the evaluated parameters in relation to the other groups. We can conclude that CoQ10 promotes a reduction of oxidative stress and greater viability to the spermatozoa from bad freezer stallions at the freezing process.
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Carneiro, João Alexandre Matos. "Da coenzima Q10 sobre a viabilidade espermática de garanhões resistentes ou sensíveis à congelação." Botucatu, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/151226.
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Orientador: José Antonio Dell'Aqua JuniorResumo: Entre as vantagens da criopreservação seminal, destacam-se a otimização do uso de garanhões com comprovada superioridade genética, pela possibilidade do armazenamento de sêmen mesmo fora da estação de monta e a quebra das barreiras geográficas, que torna possível a remessa deste material para qualquer parte do mundo. Contudo, o processo de congelação de sêmen causa danos à célula espermática, sendo a peroxidação lipídica e o estresse oxidativo, ocasionada pela produção anormal de espécies reativas de oxigênio (EROs), as principais injúrias. Desta maneira, para se obter uma melhor qualidade seminal após a descongelação, é necessário adicionar aos diluentes seminais elementos que desempenhem função antioxidante, visando conter o aumento dos níveis dos agentes oxidantes. Coenzima Q10 (CoQ10) é um agente lipossolúvel promotor de energia, tendo como principal função transportar prótons e elétrons no processo de síntese de ATP na membrana mitocondrial interna, através da cadeia de transporte de elétrons. Ainda, a CoQ10 atua como um potente antioxidante em diversos sistemas biológicos, tais como, lipoproteínas e membranas, protegendo-os contra a oxidação, inibindo a formação de hidroperóxidos e, consequentemente, prevenindo a peroxidação lipídica. Desta forma, o objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a ação da coenzima Q10 (CoQ10) no espermatozoide de garanhões resistentes (RC) e sensíveis (SC) a congelação. Cada ejaculado (n=24) foi dividido em nove tratamentos e submetido à congelação,... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
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Potgieter, Marnie. "Cellular effects of Coenzyme Q10 and resveratrol in the SJL/J dysferlinopathy mouse model." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/24175.
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The muscular dystrophies (MDs) are genetic disorders of muscle degeneration due to mutations in genes that encode a wide variety of proteins. Dysferlinopathy encompasses a large variety of neuromuscular diseases characterized by the absence of dysferlin in skeletal muscle and an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Dysferlinopathy can manifest as limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B (LGMD 2B), Miyoshi myopathy (MM) or distal myopathy with anterior tibial onset (DMAT). The first symptoms usually appear during the second or third decade of life as clumsiness when running, fatigue when walking long distances and difficulty in climbing stairs. Progression of the disease eventually leads to a loss of ambulation. A deficit in membrane-repair machinery in dysferlinopathy suggested a direct role for dysferlin in the Ca2+-dependent membrane-repair process. Recently, dysferlin has also been implicated in the process of chemotaxis. Evidence exists that free radical mediated injury contributes to the pathogenesis of muscle necrosis in the muscular dystrophies. The imbalance of free radical synthesis and antioxidant capacity has been suggested to contribute to the necrotic process. It is therefore imperative to explore the effect of antioxidant supplementation in the MDs. The present study followed a novel approach in investigating the cellular effects afforded by the supplementation of the SJL/J mouse model for dysferlinopathy with the antioxidants, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) and resveratrol. The study aimed to determine, at cellular level, the histopathology and ultrastructural changes in the SJL/J mouse model following a 90 day trial with antioxidant supplementation. In addition to studying the morphology, the study paid attention to nonspecific parameters. The study mainly focused on the histopathology and ultrastructural alterations in the SJLL/J mouse. In addition the oxidative stress index of the affected quadriceps muscle was determined. The outcome provides evidence that increased oxidative stress levels are present in the SJL/J mouse. Antioxidant supplementation with CoQ10 at 120mg/kg/day or a resveratrol/CoQ10 combination supplementation at 40 and 60mg/kg/day, decreased the levels of oxidative stress and dystrophic markers at a cellular level. In addition, increased physical strength was observed. This thesis provides evidence to create a new platform for combination therapeutic strategies.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Anatomy
unrestricted
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Belhaj, Nabila. "Nano-émulsion naturelle de phospholipides marins, issus d’un complexe phospholipopeptidique provenant d’un procédé de valorisation de co-produits de saumon, et applications à la vectorisation de molécules faiblement biodisponibles." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPL080N/document.
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Les bienfaits des acides gras oméga-3, essentiellement l’EPA (C20:5n-3) et le DHA (C22:6n-3) sont bien élucidés dans la littérature. Ils jouent en effet, un rôle essentiel dans la prévention de nombreuses maladies neurodégénératives et cardiovasculaires. Ces acides gras polyinsaturés à longue chaîne sont majoritairement retrouvés dans des sources d’origines marines. Dans ce contexte, nous nous sommes intéressés d’une part à l’effet du complexe phospholipopeptidique provenant de l’hydrolyse enzymatique des têtes de saumon, sur l’anxiété et le stress oxydant dans le cadre d’une étude comportementale effectuée sur un modèle murin. D’autre part, nous avons mis en place une approche de double vectorisation, sous formes de nanoémulsions, visant à augmenter la biodisponibilité de deux molécules hydrophobes et bioactives (coenzyme Q10 et curcumine) en utilisant les lipides totaux (phospholipides et triacylglycérols) du complexe phospholipopeptidique riche en EPA et en DHA. Les résultats de ce travail ont montré que le CPLP, sa fraction lipidique et peptidique ont un effet anxiolytique à une dose de 600 mg de CPLP/jour pendant 14 jours de traitement. Il a également été démontré dans cette étude que l’hydrolysat peptidique du CPLP diminue significativement, à double dose, le stress oxydant en baissant le niveau endogène des espèces réactives de l’oxygène (ROS) dans les neurones. D’autre part, pour une utilisation thérapeutique, la biodisponibilité du CoQ10 vectorisé à forte dose est améliorée jusqu’à 38 fois par la formulation huileuse composée de lipides polaires du CPLP. Concernant la supplémentation classique en CoQ10 en tant que complément alimentaire, la formulation émulsionnée présente une meilleure disponibilité à dose aigüe, avec une concentration plasmatique deux fois plus élevée que la formulation de référence. Malgré une activité anticancéreuse reconnue pour la curcumine, sa faible solubilité diminue sa biodisponibilité et limite de ce fait son utilisation. La formulation nanoémulsionnée de curcumine contribue à inhiber la prolifération de cellules cancéreuses (MCF7)The benefits of omega 3 fatty acids, mainly EPA (C20:5n-3) and DHA (C22:6n-3) are well understood in the literature. They indeed play an essential role in the prevention of many neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. These polyunsaturated fatty acids are mostly found in marine sources. In this context, we were interested on the effects of phospholipopeptidic complex from the enzymatic hydrolysis of salmon heads on anxiety and oxidative stress using a behavioural study (mouse model). On the other hand, we have developed a double vectorization operating nanoemulsions, to increase the bioavailability of two hydrophobic and bioactive molecules (conenzyme Q10 and curcumine) by total lipids (phospholipids and triacylglycerols) from the phospholipopeptidic complex rich in EPA and DHA. The results of this study showed that the CPLP, its lipid and peptide fractions have an anxiolytic effect at a dose of 600 mg of CPLP / day for 14 days of treatment. It was also demonstrated that the peptide’s hydrolyzate ingested at double dose decreases significantly the oxidative stress by lowering the endogenous level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurons. For therapeutic uses, the bioavailability of CoQ10 increased up to 38 times compared to referential formulation when verctorized at high dose in the oily formulation composed of CPLP’s total lipids. Regarding conventional CoQ10 supplementation as a dietary supplement, the emulsified formulation has a better availability at single dose, with plasma concentrations two times higher than the reference formulation. Although the anti-cancer activity of curcumine is highlighted, its low solubility and hence its low bioavailability, are factors limiting its use. The formulation of nanoemulsified curcumine allows a significant reduction in the proliferation of cancer cells (MCF7)
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Moodie, Adam, and Daniel Ramos. "A business case analysis for upgrading the current aerial reconnaissance fleet to the Q400 aircraft." Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/10656.
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MBA Professional ReportThis report identifies the potential benefits and costs of upgrading the current fleet of DHC-7 aircraft to the Q400. We accomplish this through conducting an analysis of the Army's current operational mission sets, the projected life cycle costs of each aircraft, and the alternative courses of action. In addition, we utilize value engineering and feedback analysis tools to support the recommendations and findings. Once complete, the final product from this research could become part of a future aerial requirements packet for the Aerial Common Sensors (ACS) program. The Aerial Reconnaissance and Exploitation Sensors (ARES) program office, located at the Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD will receive the results of the research identifying the financial and performance benefits of purchasing the Q400.
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Porter, David A. "The effect of oral coenzyme Q10 on the exercise tolerance of middle-aged, untrained men." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/776715.
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Amundsson, Katharina. "Control of marine plankton respiration : High temperature sensitivity at low temperatures influenced by substrate availability." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-128624.
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Temperature dependence of marine plankton respiration is an important factor in understanding the function and changes in the ecosystem of the ocean. The aim of this study is to test the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of plankton respiration. The oxygen optode method was used to measure plankton respiration. Natural water samples from the Baltic Sea was incubated at short (in situ +1, +2, +3°C) and long (in situ +5, +10, +20°C) temperature intervals with influence of dissolved organic matter (DOC). The Arrhenius equation and Q10-model was used to determine the temperature dependence (Q10) of respiration at different temperatures. There was a significant difference in Q10 between short temperature intervals at low temperatures (p=0,008) and long temperature intervals at higher temperatures. There was no significant difference between long and short temperature intervals when DOC was added (p=0,094). A significant effect could be seen with the DOC enrichment at low temperatures, where the Q10-values became significantly lower (p=0,002) after DOC addition. This effect could, however, not be seen at higher temperatures (p=0,117). Together with results from earlier studies it was concluded that the difference in temperature depends on the actual temperature and not the length of the interval. Lowered temperature dependence at raised DOC concentration, was the opposite of what was expected. The results suggest that the importance of temperature for CO2 emissions and development of hypoxia in the sea may have been underestimated.
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Ruthes, Juliane Monica. "A curva de permanência e a disponibilidade hídrica para outorga no estado do Paraná." Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, 2017. http://tede.unioeste.br/handle/tede/3027.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
One of the main means from the National Water Resources Policy is the granting of rights to use water resources, which ensures the quantitative control of water and the right of accessing water by different users. The granting criteria are based on water availability indicators or reference flows, whose Q90 and Q95 duration flows are the most used ones by the Brazilian states. Thus, in order to draw flow duration curves, different time units can be adopted, such as the long period curves, which use the whole historical series; the annual flow duration curves created for each year of the recording period; the monthly flow duration curves, drawn for each month of the historical series; or the seasonal flow duration curves, based on the seasons. The unit of time, selected to draw the flow duration curves, will influence on details of flow variation. Therefore, this study aimed at comparing different ways of elaborating flow duration curve and observing its effects on water availability for granting in Parana state. Fluviometric stations were distributed throughout Parana state and, in order to observe the variations in reference flows, some were prepared: a) duration curves of long period; B) annual flow duration curves, obtained by a non-parametric quantile estimator, and confidence intervals were drawn to quantify the uncertainty associated with each estimated quantile; c) monthly flow duration curves, prepared by the equivalent months of the whole historical series. The influence of the selected period got clear to draw the duration curves as this trial was carried out in water availability for granting. And, granting criterion values are more flexible when the interannual and seasonal flows variations are considered
Um dos principais instrumentos da Política Nacional de Recursos Hídricos é a outorga de direito de uso dos recursos hídricos, que assegura o controle qualitativo e quantitativo da água e o direito de acesso à água pelos diferentes usuários. Os critérios de outorga são baseados nos indicadores de disponibilidade hídrica ou vazões de referência, cujas vazões de permanência Q90 e Q95 são as mais utilizadas pelos estados brasileiros. Para a construção das curvas de permanência de vazões, podem ser adotadas diferentes unidades de tempo, como as curvas de longo período, que utilizam toda a série histórica, as curvas de permanência anuais, criadas para cada ano do período de registro, as curvas de permanência mensais, elaboradas para cada mês da série histórica, ou as curvas de permanência sazonais, com base nas estações do ano. A unidade de tempo selecionada para a construção das curvas de permanência influenciará nos detalhes de variação das vazões. Por conseguinte, os objetivos do trabalho foram comparar as diferentes formas de elaboração da curva de permanência e observar seus efeitos sobre a disponibilidade de água para outorga no estado do Paraná. Foram consideradas estações fluviométricas distribuídas por toda a extensão do estado do Paraná. Para a observação das variações nas vazões de referência, foram elaboradas: a) curvas de permanência de longo período; b) curvas de permanência anuais, obtidas por um estimador de quantil não paramétrico, e construídos intervalos de confiança, para quantificação da incerteza associada a cada quantil estimado; c) as curvas de permanência mensais, elaboradas pelos meses equivalentes de toda série histórica. Com o desenvolvimento do trabalho, ficou clara a influência do período selecionado para a construção das curvas de permanência na disponibilidade hídrica para outorga. Os valores do critério de outorga são flexibilizados quando consideradas as variações interanual e sazonal das vazões.
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Yubero, Siles Dèlia. "Estudi del coenzim Q10 en pacients neuropediàtrics: avenços diagnòstics i identificació de noves causes d'alteracions secundàries." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398132.
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L’àrea de treball de la present tesi doctoral se situa en el context de les malalties genètiques del metabolisme energètic mitocondrial. Són malalties rares i hereditàries que afecten al conjunt de sistemes que fa servir l’organisme per incorporar i transformar els substrats en energia utilitzable per al correcte funcionament cel·lular. El coenzim Q10 és un component lipídic de totes les membranes cel·lulars que realitza un paper essencial a la cadena respiratòria mitocondrial, però també participa en moltes altres funcions cel·lulars, tan dins dels mitocondris com fora. En l’àmbit pediàtric, la deficiència de coenzim Q10 s’associa a estats de malaltia amb expressions fenotípiques heterogènies, i les causes que la expliquen poden ser primàries o bé secundàries (és a dir, per alteració dels gens implicats en la via de síntesi d’aquesta molècula –deficiència primària–, o per alteració d’altres gens no directament relacionats en la via biosintètica del coenzim Q10 –deficiència secundària). Aquesta deficiència bioquímica implica una disfunció del sistema de la fosforilació oxidativa mitocondrial, i normalment es manifesta de forma multiorgànica, alterant en major o menor grau els diferents òrgans, segons els nivells energètics que requereixen els teixits i d’altres factors no massa coneguts. L’objectiu principal d’aquesta tesi ha estat la millora del diagnòstic de pacients amb deficiències de coenzim Q10, a través de l’estudi sistemàtic d’aquest en diverses espècimens biològics i en associació amb dades clíniques, bioquímiques, histoquímiques, enzimàtiques i moleculars. A través de l’estudi i valoració de grans grups de pacients, s’ha pogut intuir la dinàmica d’aquesta molècula en certs tipus de malalties. Hem pogut descriure tres malalties que s’associen a una deficiència de coenzim Q10 de forma secundària, permetent que pacients afectats puguin beneficiar-se de la suplementació oral amb coenzim Q10, la qual ha demostrat millores clíniques de l’estat de pacients afectats amb patologies mitocondrials. També, hem realitzat avenços metodològics i tècnics, a nivell bioquímic i d’anàlisi de dades, que permetran abordar les classificacions actuals dels pacients amb malalties mitocondrials, en les quals és complicat assolir un diagnòstic molecular definitiu degut a la seva immensa complexitat.Mitochondrial diseases are genetic rare diseases which affect the energetic cellular system to obtain the required energy for basic survival. Coenzyme Q10 is a lipidic antioxidant located in all eukaryotic cellular membranes that is essential for mitochondrial respiratory chain activity, amongst other important roles not strictly related to mitochondrial function. Coenzyme Q10 deficiency is a biochemical trait defined by low coenzyme Q10 levels in tissues, which can manifest in five main classical phenotypes (from isolated nephropathies to fatal infantile multisystemic disease). The ethiology can be primary (when the genetic defect is in a gene affecting the coenzyme Q10 biosynthetic pathway) or secondary (when the altered gene is not directly related to the coenzyme Q10 biosynthesis), and this partially explains the high heterogeneity observed in these patients. The patophysiology is explained because there is a mitochondrial respiratory chain malfunction that affects the oxidative phosphorylation system and unbalances the antioxidant protection, consequently changing normal cellular behaviour. The main objective of this work has been to improve the diagnosis of patients with coenzyme Q10 deficiency, through the systematic analysis of various biological samples in association with clinical, biochemical, histochemical, enzymatic and molecular data. Through the study and evaluation of big cohorts of patients, we could establish that secondary coenzyme Q10 deficiencies are commoner than primary. Furthermore, we have reported an association of three different diseases with secondary coenzyme Q10 deficient states (GLUT-1 deficiency syndrome, pyrivate dehydrogenase deficiency, mucopolysaccharidosis type III), diseases that could benefit from coenzyme Q10 supplementation, which has demonstrated to produce clinical amelioration in mitochondrial patients. Finally, methodological improvements for coenzyme Q10 deficiency diagnosis were done through two different approaches. One is the analysis of coenzyme Q10 in urinary sediment to assess coenzyme Q10 levels of renal system cells, and the other one is the development of a statistical algorithm which shows the potential of coenzyme Q10 as a mitochondrial activity biomarker.