Relevant bibliographies by topics / QB Astronomy / Dissertations / Theses
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'QB Astronomy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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1

Sen, Joydeep. "Astronomy in India, 1784-1876." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34611/.

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This thesis aims to elucidate the changing forms of engagement between Europeans and Indians in relation to astronomy in India between 1784 and 1876. It seeks to trace the evolving contexts in which knowledge of astronomy was developed and to provide a nuanced characterisation of the resultant cognitive interface between Europeans and Indians, focusing in particular on Bengal and Bombay. The defining features of this period saw Europeans exploring the history of Indian astronomy, before establishing observatories and colleges to foster modern Western astronomy, while Indians turned to rethink
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2

Raymond, Gwenifer. "Limitations and advances in the field of far-infrared/submillimetre extragalactic astronomy or the trouble with terrahertz." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/15154/.

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I present new optical and infrared photometry for a statistically complete sample of seven sources selected at 1.1 mm. Comparing their photometric redshifts with redshifts from previous 850 μm selected surveys indicates that 1.1 mm selected surveys may be better at finding high redshift sources. I also perform a banded Ve/Va analysis on the sample, and find no evidence for a redshift cutoff in the space density of sources. However, the sample size is very small. I perform the same analysis on a statistically complete sample of 38 galaxies selected at 850 μm. I find a evidence for a drop off in
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3

Arnold, D. "High cadence optical polarimetry for time domain astronomy on the Liverpool Telescope." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2017. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/6687/.

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Gamma-ray bursts are the most violent of known astrophysical events, with up to 10^53 ergs of energy released on the order of seconds. These extreme explosions, first observed in 1960s, form a fast moving field of research within astrophysics which relies on multi-wavelength observations of these transient events to probe the early- time (< 15 minutes) parameter space of these events. In the optical regime, follow-up observations to the prompt emission are ideally suited to the 2.0 metre Liverpool Tele- scope (LT), situated at an altitude of 2363m on the Observatorio Roque de las Mucha- chos (
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4

Predoi, Valeriu. "Gravitational waves and short gamma ray bursts." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/39987/.

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Short hard gamma-ray bursts (GRB) are believed to be produced by compact binary coalescences (CBC) { either double neutron stars or neutron star{black hole binaries. The same source is expected to emit strong gravitational radiation, detectable with existing and planned gravitational wave observatories. The focus of this work is to describe a series of searches for gravitational waves (GW) from compact binary coalescence (CBC) events triggered by short gamma-ray burst detections. Specifically, we will present the motivation, frameworks, implementations and results of searches for GW associated
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5

Smith, Matthew William Langford. "The Herschel perspective on nearby galaxies." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/42751/.

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This thesis presents an investigation of local galaxies using new data from the Herschel Space Observatory. Herschel observes the entire far-infrared peak of galaxies, at higher sensitivities and angular resolution than previously possible, and can observe large samples of galaxies or areas of sky. I developed data reduction routines to optimise the data processing of SPIRE extragalactic fields, and found the best methods of flux extraction for galaxies and for fitting of spectral energy distributions. For all the objects I investigated, a single-temperature modified blackbody was a good fit t
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6

Edwards, Mark. "On the search for intermediate duration gravitational waves using the spherical harmonic basis." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/53498/.

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The main focus of the work described here within, is the development of an analysis pipeline that can detect gravitational waves transients that have a duration from a large fraction of a second up to 100 seconds. Firstly, we will present the basic theory of gravitational waves, their generation and their detection. We will then review the current state of the art of gravitational waves transient search algorithms and their limitations. We also introduce the coherent search pipeline that has been developed from the ground up to find such intermediate length gravitational waves, and discuss in
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7

Short, Joanna. "The investigation, development and testing of novel methods for the statistical characterisation of cosmic microwave background data, aimed at isolating and quantifying departures from the standard cosmological model, and, large scale galaxy clustering data, aimed at refining estimates of key parameters required for the advancement of galaxy formation theory." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/18844/.

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The thesis concerns the statistical characterisation of large scale properties of the Universe. Two complementary data sets are considered: all-sky maps of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP); and large area maps of galaxies detected through the sub-millimetre electromagnetic emission using the Herschel Space Observatory. The standard model predicts the distribution of temperature fluctuations in the CMB to be Gaussian, homogeneous and isotropic. Since they could deviate from the standard model in many different wa
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8

Chan, Man Leong. "Optimization of electromagnetic follow up observations and localization of gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescences." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/31007/.

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Many gravitational wave sources will produce electromagnetic signals as they emit gravitational waves. An important example is binary neutron star mergers. The joint observations and discoveries of the electromagnetic signatures of these gravitational wave sources can produce substantial scientific benefits in physics, astrophysics and cosmology. To maximize the scientific outcomes of such gravitational events as much as possible, the detections of their electromagnetic signatures are necessary. The first detection of the inspiral signals from binary neutron stars by LIGO and VIRGO, and the ob
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9

Penaloza, Cabrera Camilo. "Giant molecular clouds : a view through molecular tracers and synthetic images." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/116132/.

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Line emission is strongly dependent on the local environmental conditions in which the emitting tracers reside. In this work, we focus on modelling the CO emission from simulated giant molecular clouds (GMCs), and study the variations in the resulting line ratios arising from the emission from the J = 1 − 0, J = 2 − 1 and J = 3 − 2 transitions. We first study the ratio (R2−1/1−0) between CO’s first two emission lines and examine what information it provides about the physical properties of the cloud. To study R2−1/1−0 we perform smooth particle hydrodynamic simulations with time dependent chem
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10

Emond, William. "Dynamics of early & late universe cosmology." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/55493/.

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In this thesis we discuss two key problems: the cosmological constant problem (CCP), an issue that primarily manifests itself in late universe cosmology; and the process of thermalisation during the post-inflationary reheating phase of the early universe. We start by giving a brief review of general relativity, discussing both its successes and failures, in particular, why one might consider modifications of it. We then delve into the aspects of early and late universe cosmology that we aim to address in the research discussed in this thesis. Starting with an overview of the inflationary parad
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11

Savino, A. "On the complex stellar populations of ancient stellar systems." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/9190/.

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The study of ancient stellar systems in the vicinity of the Milky Way provides a wealth of information on the conditions, in the early Universe, that led to the properties we observe today in galaxies and in their constituent components. Resolved stellar populations enable us to gain detailed insights on the age and chemical composition of such stellar systems, tracing their properties on a fine spatial scale. The deep investigation of Local Group objects revealed that even very old, low mass, stellar systems host unexpected complexities in their stellar populations. Such complexities remain l
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12

Hart, Ross Edward. "The properties and origins of spiral structure across the galaxy population." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/51572/.

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Spiral galaxies are the most numerous type of massive galaxy in the low-redshift Universe. There have been a number of mechanisms proposed for their origin, including global density waves and swing amplified arms growing around local density perturbations. In order to understand the origin of arms fully, one requires a detailed study of all types of spiral structure. This thesis examines the global properties of the spiral galaxy population in large, complete samples of low-redshift galaxies. We utilise data from Galaxy Zoo, which provides visual classifications for a flux-limited sample of Sl
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13

Margalef, Bentabol Berta. "Formation and evolution of discs and bulges through cosmic time in CANDELS." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44887/.

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We examine a sample of 1495 galaxies in the UDS/CANDELS field to determine the evolution of two component galaxies, including bulges and discs, within massive galaxies at the epoch 1 < z < 3 when the Hubble sequence forms. We fit all of our galaxies’ light profiles with a single Sérsic fit, as well as with a combination of exponential and Sérsic profiles. The latter is done in order to describe a galaxy with an inner and an outer component, or bulge and disc component. We develop and use three classification methods (visual, F-test and the RFF) to separate our sample into 1-component galaxies
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14

Wilkinson, Aaron K. R. "From starburst to quiescence : the rapid evolution of galaxies within the large-scale structure." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/47431/.

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Submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) and post-starburst (PSB) galaxies are among the most rare and interesting classes of objects in extragalactic study. SMGs are extremely active dust-obscured galaxies in the early Universe, forming stars with an immense rate of up to 1000 solar masses per year. PSB galaxies are characterised by strong Balmer absorption lines in their spectra, consistent with a recent burst of star formation before being rapidly quenched. The origin of both of these objects and how they relate to the more common populations of red-sequence and blue-cloud galaxies remain elusive. My
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15

Allen, Matthew. "A study of submillimetre galaxies with the Herschel Space Observatory." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/108565/.

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This work uses data from the Herschel Space Observatory and complementary surveys to study how the properties of star forming galaxies have changed over a large redshift range. Using the likelihood ratio technique, infrared counterparts from the VIKING survey are found for a large sample of Herschel ATLAS galaxies over the three GAMA fields. I find that approximately half of all Hershcel ATLAS galaxies have a reliable VIKING counterpart. I find that the fraction of Herschel sources with a reliable VIKING counterparts remains above 30% for Herschel sources at redshifts above z = 3, beyond the V
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16

Sarkar, Subhajit. "Exoplanet transit spectroscopy : development and application of a generic time domain simulator." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/108680/.

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IN this thesis I describe the development and validation of a generic time domain simulator of exoplanet transit spectroscopy called ExoSim, and apply it to various problems in the field. ExoSim models both the astrophysical scene and the optical system in an end-to-end simulation, outputting a time series of images akin to a real observation. The simulator was validated through a series of tests against predictions, alternate simulations and published data, showing it was accurate to within 5% of most comparisons. ExoSim modeled the Hubble Wide Field Camera 3 IR instrument, finding that scann
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17

Williams, Gwenllian. "The evolution and formation of the SDC13 Infrared Dark Cloud hub filament system." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2018. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111169/.

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18

Osborn, Hugh P. "Long-period exoplanets from photometric transit surveys." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/98252/.

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Photometric transit surveys on the ground & in space have detected thousands of transiting exoplanets, typically by analytically combining the signals from multiple transits. This technique of exoplanet detection was exploited in K2 to detect nearly 200 candidate planets, and extensive follow-up was able to confirm the planet K2-110b as a 2:6 0:1R , 16:7 3:2M planet on a 14d orbit around a K-dwarf. The ability to push beyond the time limit set by transit surveys to detect long-period transiting objects from a single eclipse was also studied. This was performed by developing a search technique
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19

Nasir, Fahad. "Probing the IGM with the Lyman-alpha forest through cosmic time." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49347/.

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The Lyα forest is a series of absorption lines seen in quasar spectra and is a powerful tool for probing the thermal state of the intergalactic medium (IGM) across a wide redshift range. At intermediate redshifts (2< z <5), the statistical properties of the Lyα forest predicted by recent hydrodynamical simulations are in good agreement with a range of spectroscopic data. However, at lower and higher redshifts this is still not the case. Some of the key questions still challenging our understanding at low redshifts are the nature of absorbers, the evolution of the ultraviolet background and the
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20

Jammi, Sindhu. "Towards quantum optics experiments with trapped atoms in a hollow-core fibre." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49896/.

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A proposal for performing quantum memory schemes with a light matter interface in Hollow Core Fibres is introduced. Various technical aspects of implementing such a scheme in the proposed interface are outlined and the different elements required to realize this scheme are discussed, primarily the detection of atomic levels and the extension of the scheme to magnetically trappable levels. A new method to dispersively measure populations and population difference of alkali atoms prepared in their two clock states is introduced, for future use in the Hollow Core Fibre interface. The method essen
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21

Barry, Peter. "On the development of SuperSpec : a fully integrated on-chip spectrometer for far-infrared astronomy." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2014. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/71562/.

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SuperSpec is an innovative, fully planar, compact spectrograph for mm/sub-mm astronomy. Its very small size, wide spectral bandwidth, and highly multiplexed detector readout will enable construction of powerful multi-object spectrometers for observations of galaxies at high redshift. SuperSpec is based on a superconducting filterbank consisting of a series of planar half-wavelength filters to divide up the incoming, broadband radiation. The power in each filter is coupled into a titanium nitride (TiN) lumped element Kinetic Inductance Detector (KID), facilitating the read out of a large number
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22

Leighton, Michele Dawn. "A principal component approach to space-based gravitational wave astronomy." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2016. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/7776/.

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The current approach to data analysis for the Laser Interferometry Space Antenna (LISA) depends on the time delay interferometry observables (TDI) which have to be generated before any weak signal detection can be performed. These are linear combinations of the raw data with appropriate time shifts that lead to the cancellation of the laser frequency noises. This is possible because of the multiple occurrences of the same noises in the different raw data. Originally, these observables were manually generated starting with LISA as a simple stationary array and then adjusted to incorporate the a
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23

Ward, William. "Application of commercial off the shelf equipment in meteor astronomy." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2017. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/8193/.

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This explanatory essay discusses the rationale, methods and observational results using modern commercial, off the shelf (COTS) equipment in meteor astronomy. Much of the work is directed at developing spectroscopic observations and combining multi station observations to provide both orbital and compositional information about meteoroids. Papers are presented illustrating examples of the observations made and the significance of the results is discussed. COTS equipment is used primarily due to the reduced unit cost of such items. The cost of a typical system as used in this work, is in the re
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24

Josan, Amandeep Singh. "Constraints on the power spectrum of primordial perturbations from small-scale structure." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11713/.

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In this thesis the Big Bang and inflation theory are reviewed. The success of inflation is largely due to the predicted generation of inhomogeneities. We review the dynamical equations of motion for an accelerating expansion of the Universe and the flow equations which describe the evolution of the Hubble slow-roll parameters. We use cosmological perturbation theory to find a new expression relating comoving curvature perturbations generated during inflation to density perturbations responsible for structure formation. Primordial black holes (PBHs) may form from primordial perturbations. We co
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Garcia, Bedregal Alejandro Pablo. "The formation and evolution of S0 galaxies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10248/.

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This thesis studies the origin of local S0 galaxies and their possible links to other morphological types. To address these issues, two different approaches have been adopted: a detailed study of the stellar populations of S0s in the Fornax Cluster and a study of the Tully-Fisher Relation (TFR) of local S0s in different environments. The analysis of the central absorption line indices of 9 S0 galaxies in the Fornax Cluster indicates that they correlate with central velocity dispersions (sigma0). However, the stellar population properties of these S0s indicates that the observed trends seem to
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Muldrew, Stuart I. "Black holes and galaxy environment in cosmological simulations." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13363/.

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Understanding the formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the primary research goals of astronomy today. Galaxies are observed to have a range of masses, colours and morphologies, and various processes, including feedback, have been proposed to explain these differences. Some of these processes are related to the environment in which a galaxy resides. In this Thesis I present the results of three projects I have undertaken to help increase our understanding of galaxy formation. The first was to investigate the different methods of structure detection used in simulations. Placing an ident
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Rowlands, Kate. "Dust in galaxies throughout cosmic time." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13452/.

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One of the most fundamental observational probes of galaxy evolution is determining the build-up of stellar mass. However, around half of all energy ever emitted from galaxies has been absorbed and reprocessed by dust, which is an end-product of stellar evolution. In order to obtain a more complete understanding of galaxy evolution, sensitive observations in the far-infrared and submillimetre are required where the dust emission peaks. Previous surveys have found galaxies were significantly dustier at earlier times, but the cause of this evolution, and the origin of the dust, are hotly debated
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Buitrago, Alonso Fernando. "Structural evolution of massive galaxies in the last 11 Gyr." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12639/.

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This thesis describes the properties and evolution of massive (Mstellar ≥ 1011h−2 70 M⊙) galaxies at 0 < z < 3, including their relationship to lower mass systems. Present-day massive galaxies are composed mostly of early-type objects, although it is unknown whether this was also the case at higher redshifts. In a hierarchical assembling scenario the morphological content of the massive population is expected to change with time from disk-like objects in the early Universe to spheroid-like galaxies at present. We first probe this theoretical expectation by compiling a large sample of massive g
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Pourtsidou, Alkistis. "Cosmic strings with junctions : dynamics and cosmological implications." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13079/.

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Cosmic strings are linear concentrations of energy that may have been formed after cosmological phase transitions in the early universe. Cosmic superstrings are analogous objects arising in string theory, and in particular in models of brane inflation. The latter possess two particular features, which differentiate them from the ordinary cosmic strings: a reduced intercommuting probability, and the ability to form junctions. This thesis is concerned with the dynamics and cosmological implications of cosmic strings and superstrings with junctions. In Chapter1, we give a brief introduction to th
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Chuter, Robert W. "The effect of environment on the formation and evolution of galaxies in the distant universe." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12366/.

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In this thesis I primarily use the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey (UDS) to investigate the effect environment has on galaxies across the redshift range 0.25 < z < 3.25. The UDS is a K-selected survey so it does not suffer from the strong iases that affect optical surveys at high redshift (z > 1). The combination of a large contiguous area (0.77 deg2) and depth (KAB ∼24) allows us to study a range of environments up to a redshift of z ∼3. Due to the multiwavelength coverage we are able to obtain reliable photometric redshifts which are necessary for studies of environment. I utilise progressive relea
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31

Falcon, Barroso Jesus. "Kinematics & stellar populations of nearby bulges." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2003. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10016/.

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In this thesis, we investigate the internal kinematics and stellar populations of a subsample of the bulges of nearby galaxies defined by Balcells & Peletier (1994). To do that we have analysed minor axis spectroscopic data of the sample together with Integral Field observations of one the most interesting galaxies in it (NGC7332). We introduce, for the first time, the use of single-burst stellar population models to obtain stellar velocities, velocity dispersions and higher order Gauss-Hermite moments (h_3, h_4) from galaxy spectra in the near-infrared Ca II triplet region. We detect small-am
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32

Brook, Mark N. "Cosmology meets condensed matter." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11250/.

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This thesis is concerned with the interface of cosmology and condensed matter. Although at either end of the scale spectrum, the two disciplines have more in common than one might think. Condensed matter theorists and high-energy field theorists study, usually independently, phenomena embedded in the structure of a quantum field theory. It would appear at first glance that these phenomena are disjoint, and this has often led to the two fields developing their own procedures and strategies, and adopting their own nomenclature. We will look at some concepts that have helped bridge the gap betwee
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Fantin, Daniele S. M. "Ultra-fine dark matter structure in the solar neighbourhood." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11877/.

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Dark matter plays a fundamental role in theories of the formation and evolution of galaxies. Thus every attempt to model galaxy formation and evolution has to take into consideration the presence of dark halos. Moreover, mergers and accretion appear to be fundamental driving mechanisms in determining the present day properties of galaxies. The aim of this thesis is to study the ultra-fine distribution of dark matter in the Solar neighbourhood, and to investigate the implications for the current and next generation of dark matter directional detectors. For this purpose we develop a model for ha
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34

Bluck, Asa Frederick Leon. "The formation and evolution of massive galaxies and their supermassive black holes over the past 12 billion years." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11797/.

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This thesis examines many of the ways in which massive galaxies and their super- massive black holes have changed over the past 12 billion years. In a sense, this is an attempt to write a cosmic history of massive galaxies, and in so doing construct a useful catalogue of changes which can be studied to gain insight into galaxy formation and evolution. In particular, this thesis concentrates on two potential drivers for galactic evolution: external influences from galaxy - galaxy interactions (Chapters 2 - 3); and internal influences from AGN feedback (Chapter 4). We find that both of these mec
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Jaffe, Yara Lorena. "The formation and evolution of galaxies as a function of environment." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2012. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/12453/.

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This thesis investigates the role of environment on galaxy formation and evolution, giving particular focus to the transformation of star forming spirals into passive S0s. The data utilised for this study comes from photometric and spectroscopic observations of galaxies at 0 < z < 1 in different environments from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey. We first study the formation history of (172) cluster ellipticals (Es) and S0s, the oldest types of galaxies in the local universe. We examine their colour-magnitude relation (CMR), and find a very small intrinsic colour scatter. Only 7% of the galaxies
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Bourne, Nathan. "No smoke without fire : cosmic dust emission as a tracer of star formation in galaxies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13032/.

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Studies of the history of the Universe are for a large part concerned with mapping the evolution of galaxies over cosmic time. Beginning from the seeds of density perturbations in the early Universe, and building up through gravitational and astrophysical interactions to form the wide diversity seen in the present day, galaxies allow us to observe the distribution of luminous (and dark) matter over a wide range of look-back times. A key process in galaxy evolution is the formation of stars, an activity which is readily observed by indirect means, although the detailed mechanism is not fully un
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Eakins, Jonathan Simon. "Classical and quantum causality in quantum field theory, or, "the quantum universe"." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10069/.

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Based on a number of experimentally verified physical observations, it is argued that the standard principles of quantum mechanics should be applied to the Universe as a whole. Thus, a paradigm is proposed in which the entire Universe is represented by a pure state wavefunction contained in a factorisable Hilbert space of enormous dimension, and where this statevector is developed by successive applications of operators that correspond to unitary rotations and Hermitian tests. Moreover, because by definition the Universe contains everything, it is argued that these operators must be chosen sel
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Bamford, Steven Peter. "The evolution of massive disc galaxies with environment and redshift." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2006. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10200/.

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This thesis examines the evolution of massive disc galaxies as a function of cosmic time and environment by analysing a sample of luminous disc galaxies, located in the field and rich clusters at intermediate redshifts. The data utilised for this study are two-dimensional optical spectra obtained with the FORS2 instrument on the VLT, along with imaging from a variety of sources. From these we measure absolute rest-frame B-band magnitudes, stellar scalelengths (r_d,phot), rotation velocities (V_rot), emission-line scalelengths (r_d,spec) and emission-line equivalent widths, resulting in estimat
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Hartley, William G. "Large-scale structure in the distant Universe and the build-up of the passive population." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11558/.

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In this thesis I use the UKIDSS Ultra-Deep Survey to investigate the evolution in clustering of the galaxy population across the redshift range $0<z<3$. Selected in the K-band, the sample does not suffer as greatly from biases against passive and dusty objects that plague optically-selected samples, and so represents the first analysis of a relatively unbiased galaxy sample above z=1. The unique combination of area (0.77 sq. deg.) and depth (K(AB)<24) allows the analysis of both rare, intrinsically bright objects and faint objects, reaching ~L* at z=3. The UDS data are complemented by similarl
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Maltby, David Terence. "The effect of the galaxy environment on the size and structure of galaxies." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13059/.

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In this thesis, we explore the effect of the galaxy environment on the physical size and structure of the stellar distribution for relatively local galaxies (z < 0.3) using Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys imaging and data from the Space Telescope A901/2 galaxy evolution survey (STAGES). We determine the effect of the environment on the size of the stellar distribution (i.e. galaxy sizes) by comparing the stellar-mass-size relations in the field and cluster environments for different Hubble-type morphologies. For elliptical, lenticular, and high-mass (M* > 10^10 M_sun) spiral
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Flynn, Stephen. "AzTEC and Spitzer investigations of high redshift submillimetre galaxies." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/12383/.

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Submillimetre galaxies are an important element in the history of the universe. There have been great advances in technology in the last ten years that have enabled deeper and more detailed investigations of these distant objects. In thisthesis I describe investigations of the properties of high redshift submillimetre galaxies made using data from multiple surveys and multiple instruments. Firstly I describe the process involved in reducing AzTEC data to produce images. I then present the reduced maps and compare them, along with a source catalogue, to those produced by the AzTEC instrument te
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Rykala, Adam. "Star formation studies using the Herschel-SPIRE Imaging FTS." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/19702/.

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The study of low mass star formation in our local Galaxy is particularly suited to HERSCHEL. The SPIRE spectrometer and photometer aboard the spacecraft operate in the ~ 200 - 600�m range and are well suited to probe the cold, dusty environments in molecular clouds where prestellar cores reside. The SPIRE FTS spectrometer is an interferometer, and this instrument design has strengths and weaknesses which are im- portant to understand when using data from the instrument. Herschel is set to continue groundbreaking work in the infrared, building upon earlier work from ISO, IRAS, and SPITZER, prob
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Moncelsi, Lorenzo. "BLAST : studying cosmic and Galactic star formation from a stratospheric balloon." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/13144/.

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Understanding the history of the formation of stars and evolution of galaxies is one of the foremost goals of astrophysics. While stars emit most of their energy at visible and ultraviolet wavelengths, during the early stages of star formation these photons are absorbed by the dusty molecular clouds that host and fuel the emerging stars, and re-emitted as thermal radiation at infrared and submillimeter wavelengths. The Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) was designed to study the history of obscured star forma- tion in galaxies at cosmological distances and witness the
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Wilcock, Lucy Ann. "Herschel studies of infrared dark clouds and cores in the Hi-GAL Survey." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2012. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/36687/.

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ABSTRACT High mass stars affect their environments on a large scale. However, the processes behind the formation of high mass stars are still relatively poorly understood compared to their low mass counterparts. Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) and their cold cores (gravitationally bound cores embedded within the IRDCs) are thought to be the earliest observable stage of high mass star formation. By observing these very young regions we gain insight into the formation of high mass stars. IRDCs were initially found as regions of extended absorption in the midinfrared (MIR). However, identifying IRDC
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Schluessel, Edmund Rudolph. "Long-wavelength gravitational waves and cosmic acceleration." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/38028/.

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Multiple observations of distant type Ia supernovae show the deceleration parameter of the universe is negative. The standard cosmological model states expansion should be slowing down. A new theory is presented which explains cosmic acceleration only through the action of well-supported phenomena in the context of Einstein's general theory of relativity through the use of the Bianchi type IX homogeneous,closed cosmology. The evidence for acceleration is assessed and previously-unreported biases and insuffiencies in the evidence are revealed and discussed. The Einstein equations for the Bianch
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Harry, Sarah. "Observations of high mass star formation using BLAST and Herschel." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2011. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/14483/.

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In this thesis, I present BLAST observations of the Carina Nebula and Herschel observations of NGC7538. I use the source extracting routine CSAR to identify 172 source in Carina and 94 sources in NGC7538. I fit SEDs to all the sources and calculate their mass, luminosity, temperature and radius. For the Carina Nebula I find a mass range of 20 – 10 4M¯, a luminosity range of 10 2 – 10 5 L¯, a temperature range of 16 – 28 K, and source radii range of 0.3 – 3.2 pc. For NGC7538 I find a mass range of 5 – 10 3M¯, a luminosity range of 5 – 10 3 L¯, a temperature range of 10 – 40K and a source radii
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Dupuis, Réjean J. "Bayesian searches for gravitational waves from pulsars." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2004. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/5714/.

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Methods for searching for periodic gravitational wave signals from triaxial pulsars using interferometric gravitational wave detectors have been developed. Since the gravitational wave signals from pulsars are expected to be weak, long stretches of data must be used for any detection. Over the course of a day, and a year, these periodic signals are Doppler shifted due to the motion of the Earth. The response of the interferometers to each polarisation of gravitational waves will also give rise to an amplitude modulation of the periodic signal. These effects are taken into account and an end-to
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Speirits, Fiona Claire. "Investigating the properties of gamma ray bursts and gravitational wave standard sirens as high redshift distance indicators." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/559/.

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In a discipline commonly faulted for ad hoc assumptions and models with very little discriminating observational evidence, cosmologists are continually trying, and in many cases succeeding, to improve both the data and models. However, the desire to support currently favoured models often dominates research and may lead to a systematic bias being introduced in favour of a model before a strong body of supporting evidence has been accumulated. This is perhaps most evident in literature supporting the viability of Gamma Ray Bursts as cosmological distance indicators, where aside from subjective
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Burge, Christina Alice. "Particle acceleration in noisy magnetised plasmas." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3588/.

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Particle dynamics in the solar corona are of interest since the behaviour of the coronal plasma is important for the understanding of how the solar corona is heated to such high temperatures compared to the photosphere (≈ 1 million Kelvin, compared to a photospheric temperature of ≈ 6 thousand Kelvin ). This thesis deals with particle behaviour in various forms of magnetic and electric fields. The method via which particles are accelerated at reconnection regions is of particular interest as particle acceleration at a magnetic reconnection region is the basis for many solar flare models. Solar
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Bain, Hazel Miller. "Hard X-ray and radio studies of solar flares." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2010. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/1751/.

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Combined X-ray and radio observations of the Sun provide powerful diagnostics of particle acceleration and transport effects during solar flares. In this thesis we present observations of two solar flares. In the first event we report what we believe to be the first observation of hard X-ray emission formed in a coronal, flare-related jet. Occurring on the 22nd of August 2002, the event was observed by the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI) and the Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) and Polarimeters (NoRP). During the impulsive phase RHESSI observed significant hard X-r
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