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Journal articles on the topic 'Quadratic Service Costs'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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1

Qi, Yuan, Xin Chen, Jiaqing Zhang, Yaoyao Li, and Daolin Zhu. "How Do Rising Farmland Costs Affect Fertilizer Use Efficiency? Evidence from Gansu and Jiangsu, China." Land 11, no. 10 (2022): 1730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101730.

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As the farmland transfer market in China develops, moderate-scale operations increasingly grow but without much improvement in fertilizer use efficiency. This study theoretically analyzes the mechanism and effect of rising farmland costs on fertilizer use efficiency using multiple quadratic regression and mediating effects models. It empirically tests a micro-sample of 806 farmers in Gansu and Jiangsu provinces in China from two dimensions: the full samples and farmer heterogeneity. The results showed 0.544 as the average fertilizer use efficiency (hereinafter, fe) of farmers in Gansu and Jian

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2

Bertsimas, Dimitris, Arthur Delarue, and Sebastien Martin. "Optimizing schools’ start time and bus routes." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 13 (2019): 5943–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1811462116.

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Maintaining a fleet of buses to transport students to school is a major expense for school districts. To reduce costs by reusing buses between schools, many districts spread start times across the morning. However, assigning each school a time involves estimating the impact on transportation costs and reconciling additional competing objectives. Facing this intricate optimization problem, school districts must resort to ad hoc approaches, which can be expensive, inequitable, and even detrimental to student health. For example, there is medical evidence that early high school starts are impacti

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3

Chen, Chen, Xinrui Song, and Junli Zhu. "Impact of slack resources on healthcare costs in tertiary and secondary hospitals: a panel data study of public hospitals in Beijing from 2015 to 2019." BMJ Open 13, no. 4 (2023): e068383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068383.

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ObjectiveThis study aims to explore the relationship between slack resources and cost consumption index in tertiary and secondary hospitals and to provide targeted healthcare resource utilisation recommendations for tertiary and secondary hospital managers.DesignThis is a panel data study of 51 public hospitals in Beijing from 2015 to 2019.SettingTertiary and secondary public hospitals in Beijing. Data envelope analysis was used to calculate the slack resources. Regression models were used to explore the relationship between slack resources and healthcare costs.ParticipantsA total of 255 obser

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4

Niu, Zhiqiang, Shengnan Wu, and Xuesong (Simon) Zhou. "Efficient Mathematical Lower Bounds for City Logistics Distribution Network with Intra-Echelon Connection of Facilities: Bridging the Gap from Theoretical Model Formulations to Practical Solutions." Algorithms 16, no. 5 (2023): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a16050252.

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Focusing on the dynamic improvement of the underlying service network configuration, this paper aims to address a specific challenge of redesigning a multi-echelon city logistics distribution network. By considering the intra-echelon connection of facilities within the same layer of echelon, we propose a new distribution network design model by reformulating the classical quadratic assignment problem (QAP). To minimize the overall transportation costs, the proposed model jointly optimizes two types of decisions to enable agile distribution with dynamic “shortcuts”: (i) the allocation of wareho

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WAN, Eric Yuk Fai, Weng Yee Chin, Esther Yee Tak Yu, et al. "Retrospective cohort study to investigate the 10-year trajectories of disease patterns in patients with hypertension and/or diabetes mellitus on subsequent cardiovascular outcomes and health service utilisation: a study protocol." BMJ Open 11, no. 2 (2021): e038775. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-038775.

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IntroductionHypertension (HT) and diabetes mellitus (DM) and are major disease burdens in all healthcare systems. Given their high impact on morbidity, premature death and direct medical costs, we need to optimise effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of primary care for patients with HT/DM. This study aims to find out the association of trajectories in disease patterns and treatment of patients with HT/DM including multimorbidity and continuity of care with disease outcomes and service utilisation over 10 years in order to identify better approaches to delivering primary care services.Methods

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6

Kovalyov, М. Ya, B. M. Rozin, and I. A. Shaternik. "Approach to optimizing charging infrastructure of autonomous trolleybuses for urban routes." Informatics 18, no. 4 (2021): 79–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37661/1816-0301-2021-18-4-79-95.

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P u r p o s e s. When designing a system of urban electric transport that charges while driving, including autonomous trolleybuses with batteries of increased capacity, it is important to optimize the charging infrastructure for a fleet of such vehicles. The charging infrastructure of the dedicated routes consists of overhead wire sections along the routes and stationary charging stations of a given type at the terminal stops of the routes. It is designed to ensure the movement of trolleybuses and restore the charge of their batteries, consumed in the sections of autonomous running.The aim of

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7

Helfrich, Kathleen, and Donald F. Vitaliano. "Size and Cost Efficiency in the Production of Local Road Services." Public Works Management & Policy 3, no. 2 (1998): 124–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1087724x9800300203.

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The authors analyze 925 town highway departments in New York to determine potential economies from consolidation and the degree of cost efficiency. Only 15% of departments would reduce costs by merging, resulting in an average 13% reduction in expenditures. In addition, all of the towns are cost inefficient by an average 17%. Size economies are estimated using a log quadratic stochastic frontier regression model. The estimated cost curve is a textbook U shape with a mean cost elasticity of 0.97, indicating that most towns are operating at the minimum point of the curve. The composed error mode

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8

Lin, Ming-Hua, Jung-Fa Tsai, Yi-Chung Hu, and Tzu-Hsuan Su. "Optimal Allocation of Virtual Machines in Cloud Computing." Symmetry 10, no. 12 (2018): 756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10120756.

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Virtualization is one of the core technologies used in cloud computing to provide services on demand for end users over the Internet. Most current research allocates virtual machines to physical machines based on CPU utilization. However, for many applications that require communication between services running on different servers, communication costs influence the overall performance. Therefore, this study focuses on the optimal allocation of virtual machines across multiple geographically dispersed data centers, with the objective of minimizing communication costs. The original problem can

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9

Lin, Whei-Min, Chung-Yuen Yang, Ming-Tang Tsai, and Yun-Hai Wang. "Unit Commitment with Ancillary Services in a Day-Ahead Power Market." Applied Sciences 11, no. 12 (2021): 5454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11125454.

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This paper integrates Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (DPSO) and Sequential Quadratic Programming (SQP) to propose a DPSO-SQP method for solving unit commitment problems for ancillary services. Through analysis of ancillary services, including Automatic Generation Control (AGC), Real Spinning Reserve (RSR), and Supplemental Reserve (SR), the cost model of unit commitment was developed. With the requirements of energy balance, ancillary services, and operating constraints considered, DPSO-PSO was used to calculate the energy supply of each source, including the associated AGC, RSR, and SR,

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10

León-Quismondo, Jairo, José Bonal, Pablo Burillo, and Álvaro Fernández-Luna. "Walkability and Fitness Center Prices, Opening Hours, and Extra Services: The Case of Madrid, Spain." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 15 (2020): 5622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17155622.

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Walkability has been associated with urban development and political plans, contributing to more connected cities with improvements in communication, shopping, and pedestrian base. Among these services, fitness centers are becoming important elements for communities due to their impact on the health and welfare of citizens. The present study aims to examine how an area’s Walk Score® affects fitness center services, specifically membership costs, opening hours, and aquatic services. Data from 193 fitness centers were retrieved, representing all the areas of the municipality of Madrid, Spain, in

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11

Singla, Yaman Kumar, Sriram Krishna, Rajiv Ratn Shah, and Changyou Chen. "Using Sampling to Estimate and Improve Performance of Automated Scoring Systems with Guarantees." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 11 (2022): 12835–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i11.21563.

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Automated Scoring (AS), the natural language processing task of scoring essays and speeches in an educational testing setting, is growing in popularity and being deployed across contexts from government examinations to companies providing language proficiency services. However, existing systems either forgo human raters entirely, thus harming the reliability of the test, or score every response by both human and machine thereby increasing costs. We target the spectrum of possible solutions in between, making use of both humans and machines to provide a higher quality test while keeping costs r

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12

Tsvetkova, Antoaneta, and Silvia Mihaylova. "SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE INCREASING INCIDENCE OF DIABETES IN VARNA AND BULGARIA." Journal of IMAB - Annual Proceeding (Scientific Papers) 27, no. 3 (2021): 3978–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.5272/jimab.2021273.3978.

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Objective: The impact of socio-economic factors on the increased incidence of chronic diseases requires changes in the policy of health authorities. In view of that, the study tried to investigate the role and consequences of those factors on T2DM and thus contribute to future development of comprehensive programmes for screening, diagnostics and treatment. Methods and materials: Forecasting the incidence rates of diabetes on a national and regional scale using regression analysis of results from municipal programs between 2015 and 2019 in Varna. The following models were studied: linear, cubi

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13

Drewitz, Nathaniel M., and David E. Stoltenberg. "Weed Communities in Strip-Tillage Corn/No-Tillage Soybean Rotation and Chisel-Plow Corn Systems after 10 Years of Variable Management." Weed Science 66, no. 5 (2018): 651–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2018.40.

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AbstractPrevious research has shown that strip-tillage (ST) systems conserve soil, reduce production costs, and save time for growers compared with intensive-tillage systems. In contrast to these well-documented benefits, we have limited information on weed community dynamics and management risks in ST corn (Zea maysL.) production systems in the northern Corn Belt. Therefore, we conducted research in 2015 and 2016 to characterize weed community composition, emergence patterns, and aboveground productivity in an ST corn/no-tillage (NT) soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] rotation that was establish

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14

Ouyang, Huiyin, Nilay Taník Argon, and Serhan Ziya. "Assigning Priorities (or Not) in Service Systems with Nonlinear Waiting Costs." Management Science, April 29, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2020.3952.

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For a queueing system with multiple customer types differing in service-time distributions and waiting costs, it is well known that the cµ-rule is optimal if costs for waiting are incurred linearly with time. In this paper, we seek to identify policies that minimize the long-run average cost under nonlinear waiting cost functions within the set of fixed priority policies that only use the type identities of customers independently of the system state. For a single-server queueing system with Poisson arrivals and two or more customer types, we first show that some form of the cµ-rule holds with

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15

Bravo, Fernanda, Cynthia Rudin, Yaron Shaposhnik, and Yuting Yuan. "Interpretable Prediction Rules for Congestion Risk in Intensive Care Units." Stochastic Systems, July 17, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/stsy.2022.0018.

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We study the problem of predicting congestion risk in intensive care units (ICUs). Congestion is associated with poor service experience, high costs, and poor health outcomes. By predicting future congestion, decision makers can initiate preventive measures, such as rescheduling activities or increasing short-term capacity, to mitigate the effects of congestion. To this end, we consider well-established queueing models of ICUs and define “high-risk states” as system states that are likely to lead to congestion in the near future. We strive to formulate rules for determining whether a given sys

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16

Yin, Xiliang, Lin Ma, Ping Sun, and Xuezhi Tan. "A visual fingerprint update algorithm based on crowdsourced localization and deep learning for smart IoV." EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing 2021, no. 1 (2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13634-021-00795-7.

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AbstractRecently, deep learning and vision-based technologies have shown their great significance for the prospective development of smart Internet of Vehicle (IoV). When the smart vehicle enters the indoor parking of a shopping mall, the vision-based localization technology can provide reliable parking service. As known, the vision-based technique relies on a visual map without a change in the position of the reference object. Although, some researchers have proposed a few automatic visual fingerprinting (AVF) methods, which are aiming at reducing the cost of building the visual map database.

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17

Mirhoseyni, Seyed Valiallah, Ebrahim Bahraminia, and Mahdia Monsefi. "Economics of scale and optimal size of hospitals (case study of shahid Rahnemoun hospital)." International journal of health sciences, November 15, 2022, 48697–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns7.13651.

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Economies of scale are one of the important behavioral indicators of production units. In the presence of economies of scale, the scale curve is descending, which indicates a decrease in the average cost of production with an increase in production. Theoretically, the optimal size of a production unit is the volume of production at which the average cost is at its lowest. The issue of the need to pay attention to economies of scale and optimal allocation of resources on the one hand and the role and position of hospitals in providing medical services on the other hand and the high share of tre

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18

Tappeiner, John, Darius Adams, Claire Montgomery, and Douglas Maguire. "Growth of Managed Older Douglas-fir Stands: Implications of the Black Rock Thinning Trial in the Coast Range of Western Oregon." Journal of Forestry, December 13, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jofore/fvab063.

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Abstract The most recent remeasurement of growth (at approximate total stand age 100 years) from the Black Rock Thinning Trial in western Oregon provides useful information for forest owners interested in accelerating restoration of older forest characteristics in Douglas-fir stands of the Pacific Northwest. Thinnings at several intensities at total stand age of roughly 50 years effectively reset stand growth patterns. With quadratic mean diameters in thinned plots up to 40% higher than those of unthinned controls, thinned plot mean annual increments (MAIs) and periodic annual increments conti

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19

Owa, Adebayo F., Fisayo Adesina, and Olawale O. Ajibola. "Computer Aided Modelling of the Impact of Irregular Power Supply on Machining Foundry Products." FUOYE Journal of Engineering and Technology 5, no. 2 (2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.46792/fuoyejet.v5i2.493.

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Computer aided models such as Dynamic, Quadratic, and Integer programming have been developed to solve production challenges relating to Manpower, Inventory and Maintenance assuming constant and regular power supply, which is a hard condition to meet in a developing country like Nigeria where power supply is irregular. This paper developed a Computer aided model to address this challenge using Integer programming (IP), by considering profit (Z) as a function of cost and revenue of a machined foundry product. Software was developed to serve as database and the same time analyzed complex mixed –

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20

Nakashima, Manabu. "Performance information use in a purpose-oriented network: A relational perspective." Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, September 19, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muac039.

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Abstract Performance information use is an essential component of performance management, which is an important tool to manage purpose-oriented networks (PONs). Conceptualizing performance information use in PONs as network members’ presentation, discussion, and interpretation of performance information during their interactions and communication, this study explores its drivers. Extant studies on performance information use in PONs point out an association between its use and the relationships among network members, but they lack specificity regarding the association. This study focuses on an

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