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Toye, Warren, and michelletoye@optusnet com au. "HDR Brachytherapy: Improved Methods of Implementation and Quality Assurance." RMIT University. Applied Sciences, 2007. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080528.091630.
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This thesis describes experimental work performed (1998-2001) during the author's involvement with the Brachytherapy group at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre (PMCC), where he was employed by its Department of Physical Sciences and subsequent modeling and analytical studies. When PMCC added HDR brachytherapy to its radiation therapy practice, an existing operating suite was considered the ideal location for such procedures to be carried out. The integration of brachytherapy into the theatre environment was considered logical due to the relatively invasive nature of brachytherapy techniques and the availability of medical equipment. This thesis contains the detailed study of three key Research Questions involved in clinical aspects relating to quality assurance of an HDR brachytherapy practice. An investigative chapter is dedicated to the pursuit of each of the Research Questions. The first question asked
Is the novel approach to using modular shielding combined with time and distance constraints adequately optimized during HDR brachytherapy? In order to establish optimal clinical practices, this project evaluates the effectiveness of additional shielding added to the modular shielding system without modification of the previously determined time and distance constraints for PMCC staff, other patients, and member of the public. The DOSXYZnrc user code for the EGSnrc Monte Carlo radiation transport code has been used to model exposure pathways to strategic locations used for measurement in and around the operating theatre suite. Modeling allowed exposure pathways to various areas with the facility to be tested without the need to use real sources. The second Research Question asked
How well is dose anisotropy characterized in the near field range of the clinic's HDR 192Ir source? This study experimentally investigated the anisotropy of dose around a 192Ir HDR source in a water phantom using MOSFETs as relative dosimeters. In addition, modeling using the DOSRZnrc user code for the EGSnrc Monte Carlo radiation transport code was performed to provide a complete dose distribution consistent with the MOSFET measurements. Measurements performed for radial distances from 5 to 30 mm extend the range of measurements to 5 mm which has not been previously reported for this source construction. The third Research Question is aimed at the patient level. Is the dose delivered to in vivo dosimeters, located within critical anatomical structures near the prostate, within acceptable clinical tolerance for a large group of HDR prostate patients? An in vivo dosimetry technique employing TLDs to experimentally measure doses delivered to the urethra and rectum during HDR prostate brachytherapy was investigated. Urethral and rectal in vivo measurements for 56 patients have been performed in the initial fraction of four-fraction brachytherapy boost. In the absence of comparable in vivo data, the following local corrective action level was initially proposed: more than 50% of the prostatic urethra receiving a dose 10% beyond the urethral tolerance. The level for investigative action is considered from the analyses of dose differences between measured data and TPS calculation.
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KJELLSTRÖM, FRANCISKA. "Design Assurance Important: aspects for implementation." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214442.
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A rapidly changing environment for industrial technology companies operating on a global market has increased the competitiveness and accelerated the rate of new technologies. The demands on companies to be more efficient and innovative without compromising quality are thereby enlarged. To maintain competitiveness and meet customer expectation a well-functioning product development is essential. Correcting product quality issues on newly developed products becomes increasingly more expensive the later it takes place in the development process and problems that arise can often be linked to the product design. In order to secure that new product development projects efficiently can deliver high quality products without compromising cost targets and time-to-market Design Assurance can be applied during the product development. The intention is to uncover and detect problems in the design and prevent errors to occur in the engineering process, by executing controls to assure design has been completed according to standards and policies. This project aims to investigate Design Assurance to further establish the concept at Alfa Laval BU HSS and describe how product quality is assured in product development. Analysis of literature studies, interviews at Alfa Laval BU HSS as well as benchmarking at three companies; Atlas Copco Industrial Technique, Getinge (Maquet Critical Care division) and Tetra Pak, provide the basis of the results in this study. The results show there are a number of factors greatly influencing an organization’s ability to ensure product quality in product development. Key factors identified in this study are cross functional team work, the internal culture in the organization, firmly established product strategies, product development processes and requirement management and validation capability. These factors can be seen as essential conditions for ensuring product quality during development and prerequisites for establishing Design Assurance at Alfa Laval BU HSS. Key building blocks in the Design Assurance capability are identified and described, which include reviews of actions and project documentation that safeguards continuous improvements and prevent future deficiencies. The Design Assurance activities are identified as documentation management, change management, risk assessments, nonconformance management, product quality follow up and lessons learned.Dagens industritekniska företag verkar i en global miljö med snabba förändringar, vilket har bidragit till ökad konkurrens och accelererat hastigheten för ny teknik. Därmed har även kraven på företagen att bli mer effevtiva och innovativa, utan att kompromissa med produktens kvalitet, ökat. En väl-fungerande produktutveckling är nödvändig för att bibehålla konkurrenskraft och möta kundernas förväntningar. Ju senare produkters kvalitetsproblem upptäcks och rättas till under utvecklings-processen desto dyrare är det och problemen härstammar ofta från produktens konstruktion. För att säkerställa att nyutvecklingsprojekt effektivt kan leverera högkvalitativa produkter utan att påverka kostnadsmål eller time-to-market, kan Design Assurance tillämpas under produktutvecklingen. Avsikten är att upptäcka, identifiera och förebygga brister i konstruktionen som kan orsaka problem senare under utvecklingen, genom att utföra kontroller för att säkerställa att konstruktionen uppfyller standarder, anvisningar och andra krav. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka Design Assurance för att ytterligare etablera konceptet på Alfa Laval BU HSS och beskriva hur produktkvaliteten säkras under produktutvecklingen. Analys av litteraturstudier, intervjuer på Alfa Laval BU HSS samt benchmarking vid tre företag; Atlas Copco Industriteknik, Getinge Maquet Critical Care divisionen och Tetra Pak, utgör grunden för resultatet i denna studie. Resultatet visar att det finns ett antal faktorer som i hög grad påverkar en organisations förmåga att säkerställa produkternas kvalitet i produktutvecklingen. Nyckelfaktorer har i denna studie identifierats som tvärfunktionellt arbete, den interna kulturen på företaget, väl förankrade produkt-strategier, processer inom produktutveckling samt kravhantering och valideringsförmågan under utvecklingen. Dessa faktorer kan ses som nödvändiga förutsättningar för att säkerställa produktkvalitet under produktutveckling och därmed förutsättningar för att framgångsrikt etablera Design Assurance på Alfa Laval BU HSS. Slutligen är de centrala delarna för att genomföra och applicera Design Assurance identifierade och beskrivna, vilka innefattar granskning av handlingar och projektdokument som säkerställer ständiga förbättringar och förebygger framtida brister. Design Assurance-aktiviteter är identifierade som kontroll av korrekt dokumentering, hantering av ändringar, avvikelsehantering, riskbedömningar, uppföljning av produktkvalitet och lärdomar under produktutvecklingsprojektet.
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PINTO, THIAGO DELGADO. "UNIFYING AGILE REQUIREMENTS SPECIFICATION QUALITY CONTROL AND IMPLEMENTATION CONFORMANCE ASSURANCE." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=35867@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE EXCELENCIA ACADEMICA
Práticas de engenharia de requisitos ágeis estão se tornando mais comuns em equipes de desenvolvimento de software. Contudo, as práticas relacionadas ao controle de qualidade ainda dependem fortemente do conhecimento, da experiência e do trabalho manual de testadores, em adição as especificações de requisitos produzidas são frequentemente imprecisas e difíceis de verificar estaticamente por interessados ou por algum computador. Essa tese ataca conjuntamente o problema de verificar estaticamente especificações de requisitos ágeis e de gerar casos de teste e scripts de teste automatizados completos a partir delas. Suas contribuições principais incluem: (1) uma nova metalinguagem, chamada Concordia, que permite escrever especificações de requisitos ágeis que podem ser usadas para atividades de verificação e validação (V e V); (2) uma nova abordagem para gerar casos de teste e scripts de teste automatizado completos, a partir de requisitos especificados com a metalinguagem; (3) a medição, em contexto industrial, da capacidade da abordagem em reduzir o risco de defeitos e custos de V e V.
Agile requirements engineering practices are being used more commonly by software development teams. However, practices related to quality control still depend heavily on testers expertise and manual labor, whilst produced require-ments specifications are often imprecise and hard to verify statically by both stake-holders and computers. This thesis jointly tackles the problem of verifying statically agile requirements specifications and generating full-featured test cases and auto-mated test scripts from them. Its main contributions include: (1) a new metalan-guage, called Concordia, for writing agile requirement specifications that can be used for both verification and validation (V and V) activities involving stakeholders; (2) a novel approach to generate full-featured ready to use test cases and automated test scripts from the requirements specified with the metalanguage; (3) the assess-ment in industrial context of the approaches ability to reduce risk of remaining defects and the costs of V and V.
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Gilyard, Ameer. "Implementation Strategies for Quality Assurance Performance Improvements in Nursing Homes." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/5466.
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The healthcare industry, and more specifically the nursing home sector, is changing operations and services due to a healthcare mandates and enactment of the 2010 Affordable Care Act. Such changes are termed quality assurance performance improvements (QAPI), to receive government subsidies and indemnification compensations. The purpose of this single case study was to explore effective strategies implemented by 4 healthcare leaders to comply with QAPI regulations. Total quality management theory was the conceptual framework used in this study. Data were collected through semistructured, open-ended, face-to-face interviews with 4 participants who serve in a management capacity at an organization located in northwest Missouri. Member checking was used to strengthen the credibility and trustworthiness of the interpretation of the participants' responses. The emergent themes from the study were (a) quality planning using systematic and strategic approaches, (b) quality control using business instruments and tools to measure performance and progress, (c) quality assurance through internal and external systematic analysis, and (d) quality improvements using an integrated systems approach. The implications for positive social change include the potential optimization of care provided to consumers in nursing homes by identifying best practices and strategies healthcare and business professionals have used to modify their business processes and operations.
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Hack, Joshua. "Development and implementation of quality-assurance standards for external beam intensity modulated radiation therapy." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=mco1265034762.
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Buzzard, Raymond Karl. "A prolog implementation of pattern search to optimize software quality assurance." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30680.
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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimitedQuality Assurance (QA) is a critical factor in the development of successful software systems. Through the use of various QA tools, project managers can ensure that a desired level of performance and reliability is built into the system. However, these tools are not without cost. Project managers must weight all QA costs and benefits for each development environment before weigh all QA costs and benefits for each development environment before establishing an allocation strategy. The development of a system dynamics model has provided project managers with an automated tool that accurately replicates a project's dynamic behavior. This model can be used to determine the optimal quality assurance distribution pattern over a given project's life cycle. The objective of this thesis was to enhance a prototype expert system module that interacts with the system dynamics model for determining QA effort allocation schemes. The new module uses a pattern search algorithm to derive an optimal distribution scheme from a given set of project parameters. This system not only resolves all limitations discovered in the prototype model but also achieved significant reductions in total project cost.
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Pierce, Scott C. (Scott Christopher). "Design and implementation of a quality assurance process for hydraulic elevator installations." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11166.
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Leonard, Corli. "Quality assurance in the aerospace industry : implementation of AS 9100 Quality Management Standard at an SME." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6836.
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Thesis (MScEng (Industrial Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa has potential to grow extensively as a country supplying components to the global aerospace industry supply chains, as well as directly to OEMs like Airbus, Boeing and Cessna which are first tier suppliers. The economic crisis had a significant impact on the growth of small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs), also in aerospace companies. Before the recession, SMEs did not see the necessity to become certified with internationally accredited quality standards, because there were an abundance of business opportunities. In the current restricted business climate SMEs are increasingly realising the importance of certification. The standard that aerospace companies need to comply with, is the AS 9100 standard. Compliance to AS 9100 was previously considered as a competitive advantage (order winner) but has become a necessary prerequisite (order qualifier) to be considered for a contract. In the aerospace industry accountability, traceability, documentation and quality of parts are of critical importance. Quality of products according to specification is crucial as it has a profound effect on safety. The tendency in improving of a company's processes is to scale down on superfluous documentation. In the case of aerospace companies, this is an extremely challenging goal because traceability is of such crucial importance in this sector in terms of aircraft structural system and –operational integrity. For the purpose of this study, a small to medium manufacturer of aircraft and defence system parts was studied and considered to be representative of the aerospace industry in South Africa. The research gap amongst SMEs was investigated by means of a case study at an SME in South Africa where an IT-based AS 9100 quality management system was designed, developed and implemented. The investigation includes the analysis of the research partner's quality documents, the steps in the design and development of the quality management system (QMS) and a description of the implementation thereof. This study aims to provide the focus group (SMEs) with more knowledge when developing their quality management systems for implementation of the AS 9100 requirement to compete in the aerospace industry. It describes the historic background and current use of the AS 9100 standard as background. The objective of the case study will be to determine the generic validity of the method to be able to implement AS 9100 at a small to medium sized aerospace supplier when using the same guidelines which are followed in this specific case. The method's value and success are determined by means of an external audit (certification audit) of the company used in the case study. The method makes specific use of an IT-based infrastructure to facilitate the reduction of unnecessary documentation. Experiences gained by the author in applying AS 9100 to upgrade local manufacturing companies to aerospace suppliers to Volvo Aero Company in Sweden are briefly discussed as well as the validity to make use of these generic steps.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika het die potensiaal om betekenisvol te groei as ʼn land wat komponente lewer aan internasionale lugvaart verskaffersnetwerke. Die ekonomiese krisis het 'n beduidende impak op die groei van klein tot mediumgrootte ondernemings gehad, asook in die lugvaart-industrie. Voor die resessie, het hierdie ondernemings nie die noodsaaklikheid om akkreditasie tot internasionale kwaliteitstandaarde te verkry na waarde geag nie, weens die genoegsame beskikbaarheid van sakegeleenthede. In die huidige ekonomiese klimaat word die belangrikheid van akkreditasie egter toenemend besef. Die standaard waaraan maatskappye in die lugvaartindustrie moet voldoen is die AS 9100 kwaliteitsbeheerstelsel. Voorheen is die akkreditasie tot hierdie standaard gesien as ʼn mededingende voordeel wanneer daar getender is vir ʼn kontrak. Deesdae word dit as ʼn noodsaaklike voorvereiste beskou, voordat die besigheid se aansoek om ʼn kontrak te verkry eers oorweeg sal word. In die lugvaartnywerheid is aanspreeklikheid, naspeurbaarheid en dokumentasie van kardinale belang. Die tendens in die verbetering van 'n maatskappy se prosesse is om af te skaal ten opsigte van onnodige dokumentasie. In die geval van lug- en ruimtevaartmaatskappye, is dit 'n uiters uitdagende doel, omdat naspeurbaarheid gedurende die komponent se leeftyd van deurslaggewende belang is in hierdie sektor. Vir die doel van hierdie studie is 'n klein- tot mediumgrootte vervaardiger van lugvaartkomponente wat dien as navorsingsvennoot, bestudeer. Hulle is beskou as verteenwoordigend van die lugvaartnywerheid in Suid-Afrika vir die doel van die studie. Die navorsingsgaping is geïdentifiseer as die implementering van ʼn gehaltebeheer stelsel wat voldoen aan die AS 9100 kwaliteitsbeheer standaard. Die gevallestudie van hierdie lugvaartvervaardiger sluit die bestudering van die ontwerp, ontwikkeling en implementering van ʼn IT-gebaseerde AS 9100 gehaltestelsel in. In die studie word die navorsingsvennoot se kwaliteitstelsel en dokumente ontleed, en die stappe in die ontwerp en ontwikkeling van die nuwe stelsel verduidelik. Die implementering en die validering van die stelsel deur die outeur, word beskryf en getoets deur middel van ʼn eksterne sertifiseringsliggaam. Hierdie studie poog om as riglyn te dien vir die fokus groep (klein- tot mediumgrootte ondernemings) en hul kennis van die AS 9100 standaard te verbreed. Hierdie kennis dra potensieel by tot die ontwikkeling van hul eie gehaltebestuur stelsels en die implementering van AS 9100 vereistes sodat akkreditasie tot die standaard verkry kan word en hul die lugvaartnywerheid kan betree. Die dokument beskryf die historiese agtergrond en huidige gebruik van die AS 9100 standaard. Die doel van die gevallestudie is om die generiese waarde van die metode vas te stel sodat ander klein tot mediumgrootte ondernemings in staat sal wees om dieselfde metode te volg om AS 9100 te implementeer. Die metode se geldigheid en sukses word bepaal deur middel van 'n eksterne oudit (sertifiseringsoudit) van die navorsingsvennoot in die gevallestudie. Die metode maak gebruik van 'n spesifieke IT-gebaseerde infrastruktuur om die vermindering van onnodige dokumentasie te fasiliteer. Ervarings en bevindings van ʼn soortgelyke studie in Swede, waar die outeur lid van die implementeringspan was, word ook kortliks bespreek om die geldigheid van die generiese stappe te bepaal en te beklemtoon.
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KIBRIT, EDUARDO. "Análise de requisitos normativos para o desenvolvimento e a implementação de um sistema de gestão da qualidade em instalações e atividades nucleares brasileiras." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2008. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11605.
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Dissertação (Mestrado)
IPEN/D
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Murray, Ellen Theresa. "Quality assurance for anticoagulation self-management (QAASM) : development, implementation and randomised trial evaluation." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.479117.
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Lee, Kam-hung. "Implementation of ISO 9000 in electrical & mechanical services Department /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B17983769.
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Ng, Piu Lawrence. "The development and implementation of ISO 9000 in the LPM branch, civil engineering department /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1997. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18835892.
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Aghaie, Ghomi Abdollah. "The application of modern simulation modelling in development, implementation and improvement of Quality Management Systems (QMS)." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1997. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/32907.
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The objective of the reported research is to investigate the contribution which can be made to Quality Management System design and implementation through the application of discrete event simulation methods. Today's highly competitive world has forced manufacturing and service organisations to find ways to reduce costs while maintaining customer satisfaction and making continuous improvement to both products and/or services as well as processes. In approaching these demands the establishment of quality systems standards, such as ISO 9000, has been considered as one of the possible solutions. From another point of view, businesses have been making increasing use of simulation modelling as a powerful technique to reduce the risk in the process of decision-making by evaluating and analysing alternative strategies and solution in system design and improvement. Having considered the importance of quality management systems and standards as well as the capabilities of computer systems a generic simulation model for Quality Management Systems, as defined by the relevant standards, is defined and its use in a case study is demonstrated and evaluated in detail. The overall result of the research illustrates the feasibility of using computer simulation in the area of quality management and great benefits achieved by this application.
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Houston, Tony. "Perspectives on the development and implementation of the quality assurance system for National Vocational Qualifications." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.298028.
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Khalil, Manale Mounir. "Drivers of quality assurance implementation in higher education : the case of Lebanese private business schools." Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2017. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/4258/.
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This research provides evidence on the relationship between responsiveness to quality assurance implementation and a business school i) organisational and leadership characteristics, ii) stakeholders’ perceptions of quality assurance as innovation, and iii) the institutional pressures in the organisational field. It is based on the insights from the institutional theory and the diffusion of innovation theory and uses a mixed-methods research approach. The current global demand for accountability and concern with educational productivity in higher education makes this research timely. The results of the study indicate that a business school’s level of internationalisation (normative pressure) is positively associated with responsiveness whereas competition (mimetic pressure) and the government stipulations (coercive pressure) are not significant in determining whether a business school will or will not implement any quality assurance measures. In addition, leadership and organisational characteristics (such as size and level of conferred degrees) have been found to be associated with positive responsiveness. On the other hand, stakeholders’ perceptions of quality assurance as innovation have not been found to explain the level of responsiveness to quality assurance implementation. This research concludes that responsiveness is due to a number of factors; government guidelines for quality assurance have not been seen to be effective mainly due to the lack of sanctions. The type of business has been found to impact responsiveness to quality implementation with for-profit organisations being less likely to implement quality assurance measures than their not-for- profit counterparts. By recommending appropriate approaches to increase institutional responsiveness to implement quality assurance, the research contributes to practice as it may inform state and business schools decision makers on the appropriateness of their policy formulation and execution. It can thus assist in drawing well-versed strategies and tactics. The research also contributes to the body of knowledge on the factors affecting the adoption of quality assurance in higher education institutions.
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Barnhardt, Tera Rooney. "Implementation of industry-oriented animal welfare and quality assurance assessment tools in commercial cattle feeding operations." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19713.
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Master of ScienceClinical Sciences
Daniel U. Thomson
Consumer interest in production agriculture has prompted the beef industry to develop tools to increase accountability of producers for animal management practices. The Beef Quality Assurance Feedyard Assessment, developed by veterinarians, animal scientists, and production specialists, was used to objectively evaluate key areas of beef cattle production such as animal handling, antimicrobial residue avoidance, and cattle comfort in 56 Kansas feedyards. During the assessment, management protocols were reviewed, facilities and pens were inspected, and cattle handling practices were observed. Of the 56 feedyards, 19 maintained complete and current Best Management Practices documentation for all management protocols required by the assessment. During assessment of cattle handling practices, 78.6% of feedyards met requirements for an Acceptable score for all measured criteria. An electric prod was used on only 4.0% of cattle during processing. In addition, 83.0% of feedyards scored Acceptable for stocking rate, feed bunk, water tank, and mud score standards.
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Koch, Ondřej. "The role of assurance within project management standards." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-203864.
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The thesis is focused on the role of assurance within project management standards. Firstly, the theoretical role of assurance was established based on the performed research. Three main areas of interest have been identified: Assurance over business, the project itself and the product. The role established in the theoretical part of the work was subsequently compared to information systems development methodologies and project management standards. From the comparison with AUP, Scrum and FDD methodologies, it seems that the better assurance is defined, the longer the feedback cycle is. During the comparison with the three most widespread project management standards - IPMA, PRINCE2 and PMBOK - various areas have been identified where these are not fully compliant with the theoretical role of assurance. Additions to IPMA and PMBOK have been created to support the compliance with the theoretically established role of assurance, fulfilling the objective set for the practical part of the work and providing benefits to IT project management professionals that struggle to deliver quality products while following one of the aforementioned standards.
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Wasserman, Elizabeth. "Implementation evaluation as a dimension of the quality assurance of a new programme for medical education and training." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16079.
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Thesis (DPhil)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In this thesis, an ‘alignment approach’ to the quality assurance of medical curricula is developed and practically illustrated in the evaluation of a section of a new curriculum in undergraduate medical education and training instituted at the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Stellenbosch in 1999. The background of curriculum innovation at this institution during the 1990s is described, and the literature on the concepts of quality assurance is explored in higher education in general and in medical education and training in particular. The current focus on socially responsive curriculum renewal and accountability illustrates the need for this study. The empirical part of the study was conducted in two phases. The first phase consisted of a ‘clarification evaluation’. The planning of the new curriculum introduced in 1999 was analysed retrospectively through a study of the planning documents and interviews with leaders of the planning process. The results of this clarification evaluation are presented in the form of a ‘Logic Model’. The implicit theory of the curriculum, as represented by the Logic Model, was then evaluated regarding its consistency with trends in medical education. These trends were determined through a study of the literature on the subject published during the time of the planning of the curriculum. It was found that the planning of the curriculum was in line with most of the identified trends, but that it lacked detailed information on how the basic sciences and clinical skills training were to be addressed. This compromised the evaluability of phase I of the curriculum and of the clinical rotations1 by the method use in this study. Because of this, and also considering the time frame of this evaluation, phase I of the curriculum and the late clinical rotations were excluded from the second phase of the study. The aims identified for the curriculum during the process of clarification evaluation were also aligned with the document, The Profile of the Stellenbosch Doctor 2 . This indicates that the planning process of the curriculum was in line with its intended outcome.The second phase of the study consisted of an ‘implementation evaluation’ of phases II and III of the theoretical components and of the early and middle clinical rotations of the curriculum. Data for this implementation evaluation were collected from April 2002 to June 2003. Module chairpersons3, lecturers and students were used as sources of data for the evaluation of the theoretical phases. The perceptions of these groups regarding the implementation of phases II and III of the theoretical part of the curriculum were collected by means of questionnaires designed specifically for this study. For the evaluation of the clinical rotations, the results of the standard student feedback obtained by the Faculty of Health Sciences were used as a source of data for a secondary analysis. The study guides provided for each of the theoretical modules and the clinical rotations were also used as a secondary source for the analysis of data. The data obtained were then analysed by using the framework provided by the Logic Model. Following this, a judgment of the quality of the implementation of the curriculum was made. The planned curriculum was aligned with the practised curriculum by drawing up a ‘curriculum scoreboard’. It was found that alignment was adequately achieved for six of the identified aims, while the implementation of four of the aims was not aligned to the planning according to the criteria used in this study. The study illustrates that the methods of programme evaluation can be validly applied in the evaluation of a curriculum in medical education and training. The Logic Model enables an alignment between the planned and the practised curriculum, which can be used as a measure of the quality of a curriculum in terms of ‘fitness of purpose’. 1 See Addendum A for a diagrammatic overview of the curriculum. The curriculum was structured into three theoretical phases (phases I, II and III) and three clinical rotations (early, middle and late). 2 This document was drawn up during the initial phases of the planning process of the curriculum and regarded by the Faculty as a blueprint for the intended outcomes of the curriculum. 3 A module chairperson in the context of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Stellenbosch is a senior faculty member responsible for the organisation and management of the modules presented as part of the curriculum in medical education and training.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: In hierdie tesis word ʼn ‘belyningsbenadering’ tot die gehalteversekering van mediese kurrikula ontwikkel en prakties op die proef gestel deur ʼn gedeelte van die nuwe kurrikulum vir voorgraadse mediese onderrig, wat in 1999 aan die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch ingestel is, te evalueer. Die agtergrond van kurrikulumverandering in hierdie instansie gedurende die 1990’s word ondersoek, en daar word ’n oorsig gegee van die literatuur oor die konsepte van gehalteversekering wat op daardie stadium in die hoër onderwys in die algemeen en in mediese onderrig in besonder in gebruik was. Die huidige fokus op sosiaal responsiewe kurrikula en verantwoordbaarheid illustreer die noodsaaklikheid van ʼn studie van hierdie aard. Die empiriese gedeelte van die studie is in twee fases uitgevoer. Die eerste fase het bestaan uit ‘n ‘verklarende evaluasie’. Die beplanning van die 1999-kurrikulum is retrospektief geanaliseer deur die bestudering van die relevante beplanningsdokumente en deur onderhoude met leiers van die beplanningsproses te voer. Die resultate van die verklarende evaluasie is in die vorm van ʼn ‘Logika Model’ voorgestel. Die implisiete teorie van die kurrikulum, soos voorgestel in die Logika Model, is daarna geëvalueer ten opsigte van die ooreenstemming van die model met die tendense in mediese onderrig wat op daardie stadium geldig was. Hierdie tendense is nagespeur in die belangrikste literatuur oor die onderwerp wat in dieselfde tydperk as die beplanning van die 1999-kurrikulum gepubliseer is. Die bevinding was dat die beplanning van die kurrikulum in lyn is met die meerderheid geïdentifiseerde tendense, maar dat die basiese wetenskappe en opleiding in kliniese vaardighede nie in detail aangespreek is nie. Dit het die evalueerbaarheid van fase I van die kurrikulum en die kliniese rotasies4 deur die metode wat in hierdie studie gebruik is, gekompromitteer. Om hierdie rede, en met inagneming van die tydsraamwerk van hierdie evaluasie, is fase I en die laat kliniese rotasies nie in die tweede gedeelte van hierdie studie ingesluit nie. Die doelwitte van die kurrikulum wat gedurende die verklarende evaluasie geformuleer is, is ook met die dokument, Die Profiel van die Stellenbosch dokter 5, belyn. Dít het aangedui dat die beplanningsproses van die kurrikulum in lyn met die beoogde uitkoms daarvan is.Die tweede deel van die studie het bestaan uit ʼn ‘implementerings-evaluasie’ van fases II en III van die teoretiese komponente en van die vroeë en middel kliniese rotasies van die kurrikulum. Data vir die implementerings-evaluasie is vanaf April 2002 tot Junie 2003 ingesamel. Modulevoorsitters6, dosente en studente is as bronne van data vir die evaluering van die teoretiese fases gebruik. Die indrukke van hierdie groepe persone betreffende die implementering van die teoretiese fases is deur middel van vraelyste ingesamel wat spesiaal vir hierdie studie ontwerp is. Vir die evaluering van die kliniese rotasies is die resultate van die standaard studenteterugvoer wat deur die Fakulteit ingewin word, gebruik as bron vir sekondêre analise. Die studiegidse wat vir elke teoretiese module en die kliniese rotasies verskaf word, het ook as ʼn bron vir sekondêre data-analise gedien. Die data wat vir hierdie studie ingewin is, is deur middel van die raamwerk wat deur die Logika Model verskaf is, geanaliseer. Daarna is ʼn oordeel gevel oor die kwaliteit van die implementering van die kurrikulum. Die kurrikulum-soos-beplan is belyn met die uitgevoerde kurrikulum deur ’n ‘kurrikulumtelbord’ op te stel. Die bevinding was dat hierdie belyning voldoende bereik is vir ses van die geïdentifiseerde doelstellings van die kurrikulum, terwyl die uitvoering van vier van die doelstellings nie goed met die beplanning daarvan belyn was volgens die kriteria wat vir hierdie studie gebruik is nie. Hierdie studie illustreer dat die metodes van programevaluasie geldig toegepas kan word in die evaluering van ’n kurrikulum in mediese onderrig en opvoeding. Die Logika Model maak dit moontlik om die beplande kurrikulum met die uitgevoerde kurrikulum te belyn. Dit kan dan gebruik word as ’n maatstaf van die kwaliteit van ’n kurrikulum in terme van ‘geskiktheid vir doel’.4 Sien Addendum A vir ʼn diagrammatiese oorsig van die kurrikulum. Die kurrikulum is gestruktureer volgens drie teoretiese fases (fases I, II en III) en drie kliniese rotasies (vroeg, middel en laat). 5 Hierdie dokument is gedurende die vroeë fases van die beplanningsproses van die kurrikulum saamgestel en word deur die Fakulteit as ʼn bloudruk vir die beoogde uitkomste van die kurrikulum beskou.6 ’n Module-voorsitter in die konteks van die Fakulteit Gesondheidswetenskappe van die Universiteit van Stellenbosch is ʼn senior lid van die fakulteit wat verantwoordelik is vir die organisasie en bestuur van die modules wat as deel van die kurrikulum in mediese onderrig en opleiding aangebied word.
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Palmer, Antony L. "Physics aspects of safety assurance in high dose rate brachytherapy : quality control testing and implementation of dosimetry audit." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2015. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/807149/.
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This work is concerned with physics-aspects of safety, quality control (QC) and dosimetry audit in high dose rate (HDR) gynaecological brachytherapy. A survey of brachytherapy QC practice across the UK was conducted. Areas of least consistency were addressed, including test method development and establishment of clinical performance requirements. ‘End to end’ dosimetry auditing was not being utilised and its implementation was the main focus of this work. Three candidate dosimeters were evaluated for use in audit: Fibre optic thermoluminescence detector, Gafchromic EBT3® radiochromic film, and Presage® radiochromic plastic. Film dosimetry was selected, fully characterised, triple-channel dosimetry evaluated, and uncertainty reduction methods implemented. A novel ‘end to end’ audit methodology was developed, the BRachytherapy Applicator Dosimetry (BRAD) system, to measure dose distributions around clinical brachytherapy applicators and compare to treatment planning system calculations. MCNP5 Monte Carlo code was used to support the design of the BRAD system and validate the use of film dosimetry. 46 radiotherapy centres in the UK were audited. Delivery of the intended prescription dose was confirmed to be within clinically acceptable levels at all centres, mean difference 0.6% for plastic and 3.0% for metal applicators (±3.0% k=1). The intended dose distribution was faithfully delivered to the film-measured dose planes with a mean gamma passing rate of 97.8% at 3% (local) 2 mm criteria. Two audits had results that required follow-up and both were resolved. Each audit included a review of local brachytherapy physics practice and opportunities for improvement were reported, including imaging, applicator reconstruction, planning procedures, QC tests, and staff training. The brachytherapy audit provided the first comprehensive validation of ‘end to end’ clinical brachytherapy dosimetry, from applicator imaging to treatment delivery, combined with a review of clinical physics practice. The BRAD system is retained in the Institute of Physics and Engineering in Medicine (IPEM) phantom library.
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Skoog, Johanna, and Amra Jusufagic. "“Implementation of quality control in order to assure the quality of a manufacturing process within a production line”." Thesis, Växjö University, School of Technology and Design, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:vxu:diva-1558.
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This project is performed at Volvo Construction Equipments in Braås, which is one of the world leading producers of equipment for construction places. The quality aspect is an important factor when increasing the production in a manufacturing company and the role of quality should be highlighted in order to produce more error-free products, using cost-effective methods and tools. This case study emphasises ways of implementing quality control in order to quality assure the manufacturing process with focus on the manual and automatic handling. By standardising and analysing the collected and measured data in the manufacturing process the quality will be assured by implementation of quality control. The result of the study is to use a developed manual for implementation of quality control, which will increase the quality level. To reach the goal of this study qualitative and quantitative measurement has been used for identifying the present situation and which factors that is important when making improvements. Then interviews have been performed to define gaps in the communication between managers and operators. The conclusion is to use a manual for how to implement quality control and controlling a process.
Denna studie är utförd på Volvo Construction Equipments i Braås, vilka är världsledande inom tillverkning av anläggningsmaskiner för byggarbetsplatser. Kvalitén är en viktig faktor vid ökning av produktionskapacitet i en tillverkningsprocess då den påverkar mängden felfria produkter. I denna studie läggs vikten vid implementering av kvalitetskontroll för att kvalitetssäkra tillverkningsprocessen i en produktionslinje med fokus på den manuella och automatiska hanteringen inom tillverkningsprocessen. Genom standardisering och analysering av de samlade och mätta data från tillverkningsprocessen kommer kvalitén att säkras genom särskilt utformade kvalitetskontroller. Detta resulterar i en utvecklad manual för implementering av kvalitetskontroller vilket kommer att medföra att kvalitén förbättras. Kvalitativa och kvantitativa mätningsmetoder har tillämpats i syfte att kunna utföra en nulägesanalys av situationen i produktionen, vilket är väsentligt vid utförande av förbättringar. Intervjuer har utförts för att identifiera brister i kommunikationen mellan operatorer och deras chefer. Slutsatsen av detta arbete blir att använda manualen för implementering av kvalitetskontroller och styra tillverkningsprocessen.
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Patel, Jalpa A. "Commissioning and Implementation of an EPID Based IMRT QA System “Dosimetry Check” for 3D Absolute Dose Measurements and Quantitative Comparisons to MapCheck." University of Toledo Health Science Campus / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=mco1288918801.
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CERVANTES, CARLOS, and Esmaeil Nik Arman. "QUALITY ASSURANCE THROUGH SMART ANGLE MONITORING : IMPROVEMENT OF TIGHTENING IN SCANIA’S CAB AS-SEMBLY AND IMPLEMENTATION INTO AN INDUSTRY 4.0 BASED SYSTEM." Thesis, KTH, Industriell produktion, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-245179.
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Det finns för tillfället ett ökat behov för tillverkande företag att uppnå flexibla, smarta och rekonfigurerbara processer för att kunna hantera en dynamisk och global marknad (San-tos, et al., 2017). Scania är en världsomfattande lastbilstillverkare som strävar efter att för-medla sin kompetens inom lastbilsproduktion till ett Industri 4.0-baserat system. Skruvdragningsprocessen i monteringsverkstaden i Scania Oskarshamn erbjuder lovande möjligheter att implementera ett Industri 4.0-baserat system. Genom att övervaka vinkeln un-der åtdragningen, med hjälp av ett korrekt vinkelintervall, kan systemet identifiera avvikelser som uppstår i processen eller maskinen (Bickford & Nassar, 1998). Ett exakt vinkelintervall kan beräknas genom att studera förhållandet mellan vridmoment och vinkel med en linjär regressionsmetod (Pennsylvania State University, 2018). I detta projekt har vinkelintervallet förbättrats för att möjliggöra en effektiv övervakning. Övervakningsprocessen skapar en möjlighet för Scania att implementera ett smart system som kan identifiera, analysera och eliminera avvikelser i realtidsproduktion. Detta kan uppnås genom att utföra statistisk processkontroll (SPC) med hjälp av data som erhållits från produkt-ionen (Gejdoš, 2015). I detta projekt förbättrades processkapabiliteten (Cpk) för åtdragnings-processen med 365%. En smart process bör i praktiken automatiskt kunna analysera data, övervaka maskinens livslängd, identifiera avvikelser och stödja beslutsprocessen (Weihrauch, et al., 2018). För att uppnå detta, presenteras ett förslag för att ansluta åtdragningsmaskinerna till en statistisk ana-lysprogramvara som kan presentera data effektivt för berörd personal. Förbättringen av Cpk och analys av maskinens livslängd som presenteras i detta projekt visar att det är möjligt att implementera momentstyrningen med vinkelövervakningsteknik i ett Industri 4.0-system.There is currently an increasing need for manufacturing companies to achieve flexible, smart and reconfigurable processes in order to address a dynamic and global market (Santos, et al., 2017). Scania being a worldwide truck manufacturer aims to bring its expertise in truck production into an Industry 4.0 based system. The bolt tightening process in the assembly workshop in Scania Oskarshamn presents promising possibilities for implementation of an Industry 4.0 based system. By monitoring angle during the tightening process the system is able to identify deviations occurring in the process or machine (Bickford & Nassar, 1998). An accurate angle interval can be calculated by studying the relationship between torque and angle using the linear regression method (Pennsylvania State University, 2018). In this project the angle intervals have been improved to be able to perform efficient monitoring. The monitoring process creates the possibility for Scania to implement a smart system able to identify, analyze and eliminate deviations in real time production. This is achievable by performing Statistical Process Control (SPC) using the data obtained from production (Gejdoš, 2015). In this project the Process Capability (Cpk) of the tightening process was im-proved by 365%. An actual smart process should be able to automatically perform the analysis of data, monitor the life of the machine, identify deviations and support the decision making process (Weihrauch, et al., 2018). To achieve this a proposal is presented to connect the tightening machines to a statistical analysis software able to present data efficiently to involved person-nel. The improvement of Cpk and analysis of life of the machine presented in this project prove that it is possible to implement the torque control with angle monitoring technique into an Industry 4.0 system.
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Lee, Kam-hung, and 李錦鴻. "Implementation of ISO 9000 in electrical & mechanical services Department." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267373.
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Makola, A. J. M. "The development, implementation and evaluation of a quality management system at the Eastern Cape Technikon." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/53625.
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Mini-study project (MBA)--University of Stellenbosch, 2003.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: A study project is presented on the development and implementation of a Quality Management System for the Eastern Cape Technikon, that being informed by the Higher Education Legislation of the Republic of South Africa and its Statutory Bodies in an attempt to ensconce the provision of quality teaching and learning, academic and developmental research, and academic support services in Higher Education. Beginning with the conceptualisation of quality as a concept, evolving to being a quality system, and followed by how, when successfully developed and implemented, can it be monitored and evaluated for the achievement of Higher Education objectives, both nationally . and internationally. Emphases is on how the Eastern Cape Technikon can be successfully effective, efficient and economical in its attempt to develop, implement, monitor and evaluate such a system in comportment that will appropriately fit its programmes, including its operations in general, to the national agenda of providing quality higher education that is opportune for all, especially for the bucolic, rural and underdeveloped community that Eastern Cape Technikon seeks to serve.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: geen opsomming
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Ng, Piu Lawrence, and 吳彪. "The development and implementation of ISO 9000 in the LPM branch, civil engineering department." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1997. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31268249.
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Rabbani, Fauziah. "Science and practice of balanced scorecard in a hospital in Pakistan feasibility, context, design and implementation /." Stockholm, 2010. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2010/978-91-7409-828-0/.
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Alzahrani, Nawal. "The implementation of self evaluation and quality assurance in higher education in Saudi Arabia : the case of the Women's Section of King Abdulaziz University." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2017. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/67705/.
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This research analyses the implementation and impact of Quality Assurance practices within the Women’s Section of the King Abdulaziz University in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. For this purpose, the study examined the introduction of the Self-Evaluation process at the university, while also taking into account accreditation procedures, student evaluation, assessment and existing administrative policies. The researcher chose to conduct a qualitative research that consisted of a single case study, in order to accurately depict the opinions and experiences of the people who participate in QA and SE practices at KAU. Therefore, the researcher conducted 42 individual interviews with various members of the management, with lecturers and with supporting staff, so as to create an intricate and diverse portrayal of the introduction of SE and QA in the women’s section of KAU. The findings revealed that SE, and QA practices in general, are either viewed by some members of the personnel as positive, or perceived by a bigger portion of the staff as disadvantageous. Thus, both institutional and personal SE is currently performed in pockets, and the procedures are lauded by those who practice it, as they have noticed improvements in administrative and academic endeavours. However, a large proportion of the staff remains reticent in their opinion regarding SE, as the personnel at the women’s section of KAU has tried to implement this practice without addressing prior crippling issues. Most importantly, centralisation (for example, the decisions taken in the women’s section depend entirely on the Dean of the men’s section of KAU) disrupts all processes, including those pertaining to QA, and this causes dislike for the administrative requirements of successful SE practices. Furthermore, the stakeholders of the university are sceptical of each other and communication is neither open nor critical. This causes alienation and mistrust, and the consequences are most aptly observed when examining the student evaluations, which are not openly shared with the lecturers. As such, these issues create a significant collaboration gap between the management, the lecturers and the students, who do not work together towards implementing successful QA practices and towards creating a cohesive, quality culture.
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Choi, Yuen-ying Josephine, and 蔡婉英. "A study of the perceived impact of the initial implementation of the international quality assurance system: ISO9002 in an aided primary school in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2000. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31961538.
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Choi, Yuen-ying Josephine. "A study of the perceived impact of the initial implementation of the international quality assurance system : ISO 9002 in an aided primary school in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22330781.
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Masehela, Langutani Meriam. "An exploration into the conditions enabling and constraining the implementation of quality assurance in higher education: the case of a small comprehensive university in South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1020312.
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At an international level, demands for accountability in respect of the quality of teaching and learning in higher education are increasing. This is also the case in South Africa. The response to these demands has taken the form of the introduction of quality assurance systems to higher education. In South Africa, a formal national external quality assurance was introduced to the higher education system in 2001 as a result of the establishment of the Higher Education Quality Committee. The Higher Education Quality Committee is a standing committee of the South African Council on Higher Education. Like other quality assurance agencies across the world, the Higher Education Quality Committee has the responsibility for i) auditing institutions of higher education and ii) accrediting learning programmes. The first cycle of institutional audits ran from 2004 until 2011. As quality assurance was introduced to the higher education system and the first cycle of institutional audits began, universities in South Africa developed policies and procedures intended to assure quality in three areas of their core functioning: research, teaching and learning and community engagement. The University of Venda, which is the focus of the study on which this thesis is based, was no exception. As a practitioner in the Centre for Higher Education Teaching and Learning at The University of Venda, it was my observation that the policies and procedures intended to assure quality in teaching and learning were not always implemented by academic staff members. This was in spite of poor student performance data which raised questions about the quality of the teaching and learning processes in place. The study underpinning this thesis was designed to explore this phenomenon. More specifically, it aimed to identify the conditions enabling and constraining the implementation of policies and procedures in two Schools in the University: the School of Health Sciences and the School of Human and Social Sciences. In order to explore these conditions, I adopted Roy Bhaskar’s Critical Realism as an under-labouring philosophy for the study. Critical realism posits a view of reality comprising three strata, none of which can be reducible to the other. The first of these strata is termed the level of the Empirical and consists of the experiences and observations which become apparent to us through the senses. The second layer, the Actual, consists of events from which these experiences and observations emerge. Underpinning both of these layers is a further layer, the Real, which is not accessible by empirical means and which consists of structures and mechanisms which generate both events at the level of the Actual and experiences and observation at the level of the Empirical. The design of my study sought to reach this deepest layer of reality to identify these mechanisms. Bhaskar’s critical realism is philosophy which needs to be operationalized using substantive, or explanatory, theory. For this purpose, I drew on Margaret Archer’s social realism. The design on my study drew on case study methodology and involved in-depth interviews with members of the two Schools which each formed cases within the more overarching case of the University itself. In addition to these interviews, I analysed a range of institutional documents related to the assurance of quality in teaching and learning. The exploration of enabling and constraining conditions at the level of the Real allow me to make a series of recommendations in the final Chapter of my thesis intended to enhance the quality assurance system introduced to the University.
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Hansson, Petra, and Lina Smith. "Implementeringsutvärdering av Beslutsstöd i tre kommuner." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-24516.
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In recent years, several problems in the field of assistive device have been lifted. To manage the development Beslutsstöd (Decision support) has emerged as a systematic working method. Beslutsstöd is designed as a guideline and serves as a tool for physical therapists and occupational therapists in the prescription process of assistive devices. Beslutsstöd thereby aims to improve the quality and effectiveness of the prescribing process of assistive device in the organization of the municipalities. An implementation evaluation about how the implementation of Beslutsstöd in the municipalities did proceed has not been done. Neither is there any set plan for how the implementation of Beslutsstöd will proceed in the municipalities. Therefore, the evaluation's main question is: how did municipalities proceed to implement Beslutsstöd in order to develop and ensure the quality of their work regarding prescribing assistive device. Two central questions are if success factors and/or obstacles of certain significance can be detected throughout the implementation process of Beslutsstöd, if so, which? We also asked whether the respondents perceive that the local goals for implementing Beslutsstöd have been reached. The evaluation showed that the implementation processes in the three municipalities differ. Four components have distinguished as particularly significant in all municipalities in relation to success factors and obstacles. These are motivation, information, a gradually approach and the ability of the municipality to adapt Beslutsstöd towards their organization or vice versa. Two municipalities have successfully implemented Beslutsstöd and therefor reached their goals. One municipality did not succeed in fulfilling their goals and is not practicing Beslutsstöd today.
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SALES, CAMILA P. de. "Implementação de planejamento tridimensional em braquiterapia de alta taxa de dose para tratamentos ginecológicos." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2015. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/23698.
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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2015-05-20T18:19:22Z
No. of bitstreams: 0Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-20T18:19:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0
Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
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Kapsalis, Alexandra, and Roy Khazzaka. "Införande av digitalt mätsystem i tillverkande SME företag : MeasurLink." Thesis, KTH, Hållbar produktionsutveckling (ML), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-276685.
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Kvaliteten på produkterna som tillverkas av SME företag har hög betydelse för deras konkurrenskraft. Att kunna producera skräddarsydda artiklar med hög kvalitet samt kunna leverera i tid och enligt specifikation är några av de vanligaste krav stora företag ställer som kunder. Tillverkande SME företag differentierar sig gentemot konkurrenter genom att digitalisera sina processer. Behovet av digitala verktyg kan dock också anses vara en överlevandsfaktor ty kundernas krav blir allt högre desto mer automatiserade kundernas fabriker blir. Att övergå till en digitaliserad kvalitetsäkringsprocess för SME:er är inte enkelt. En del av problematiken kopplad till övergången mot en digitaliserad kvalitetssäkringsprocess är saknaden av IT kunskap och de begränsade medlen som SME bolag har. Syftet med arbetet är att analysera användandet av digitala mätverktyg som kan användas i kvalitetssäkringsprocessen hos tillverkande SME företag samt analysera hur denna implementation kan utföras på bästa möjliga sätt. För att nå detta syfte svarade arbetet på följande frågeställningar: 1) Vilka processer för kvalitetssäkring använder tillverkande SME företag i dagsläget? 2) Hur kan digitala verktyg implementeras för att assistera kvalitetsäkringsprocessen hos tillverkande SME företag? 3) Vilka utmaningar finns det vid implementation av digitala stödverktyg för kvalitetssäkring i tillverkande SME företag? Arbetet är baserat på teorier om olika kvalitetssäkringsprocesser. Exempel på dessa är Lean, TQM och Six Sigma. Metoden som användes var en fallstudie på företaget Marcus Komponenter AB i Järna utanför Södertälje. I fallstudien användes det digitala mätsystemet MeasurLink som tillhandahålls av Mitotoyo, för att digitalisera kvalitetssäkringsprocessen av de tillverkade produkterna. Datainsamlingen i arbetet har utförts med hjälp av tre olika kvalitativa datainsamlingsmetoder; dokumentinsamlingsmetodik, intervjuer och observationer. Resultatet av arbetet visar på att företaget bör följa en handlingsplan så att de kan förbereda sig för att kunna implementera ett digitalt mätsystem fullskaligt i hela produktionen. Resultatet är viktigt ty det visar på att företag bör ha uppnått en viss mognadsgrad för att kunna implementera digitala mätsystem. Sammanfattningsvis har slutsatsen dragits att en storskalig implementation av MeasurLink vid närvarande inte är möjlig. Däremot kan implementationen utföras i mindre skala vid en teststation. När företaget byggt upp ett standardiserat arbetssätt kring mätning och dataanalys med hjälp av MeasurLink kan en fullskalig implementation genomföras.The quality of products manufactured by SME companies is of high importance for their competitiveness. Being able to produce tailor-made items of high quality and being able to deliver on time and according to specification are some of the most common requirements large companies place as customers. Manufacturing SME companies differentiate themselves from competitors by digitalizing their processes. However, the need for digital tools can also be considered as a survival factor, as the demands of customers become higher the more automated customers' factories become. Switching to a digitalized quality assurance process for SMEs is not easy. Part of the problems associated with the transition to a digitalized quality assurance process is the lack of IT knowledge and the limited resources that SME companies have. The purpose of this bachelor’s thesis is to analyze the use of digital measuring tools that can be used in the quality assurance process in manufacturing SME companies. As well as to analyze how this implementation can be carried out in the best possible way. To achieve this goal, this thesis answered the following research questions: 1) What quality assurance processes do SME manufacturing companies currently use? 2) How can digital tools be implemented to assist the quality assurance process of manufacturing SMEs? 3) What are the challenges in implementing digital quality assurance tools in manufacturing SMEs? The thesis is based on theories of different quality assurance processes. Examples of these are Lean, TQM and Six Sigma. The method used was a case study at the company Marcus Komponenter AB in Järna outside Södertälje. In the case study, the digital measurement system MeasurLink provided by Mitotoyo was used to digitalize the quality assurance process of the manufactured products. The data collection has been carried out using three different qualitative data collection methods; document collection, interviews and observations. The result of the thesis shows that the company should follow an action plan so that they can prepare in order to be able to implement a digital measurement system full-scale throughout the production. The result is important because it shows that companies should have achieved a certain degree of maturity in order to be able to implement digital measurement systems. In summary, the conclusion of the case study was that a large-scale implementation of MeasurLink is currently not possible. However, the implementation can be done in a smaller scale, at a test station. Once the company has built up a standardized method of measurement and data analysis using MeasurLink, a full-scale implementation can be performed.
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Newton, J. R. "The tension between accountability and quality improvement in higher education : a longitudinal participant observer study of the influence of context on the development and implementation of a quality assurance system in a college of higher education." Thesis, Bangor University, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.423725.
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Svensson, Daniel, and Albin Stark. "BIM360 BUILD SOM VERKTYG I VVS-PRODUKTION." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Tekniska Högskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45325.
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Syfte: Digitalisering av byggbranschen har ökat succesivt de senaste åren i takt med att nya effektiva BIM-verktyg lanseras på marknaden. Med ny teknik effektiviseras föråldrade metoder och kvalitetssäkringen förbättras. BIM som verktyg i produktionsstadiet är ej lika utpräglat som i andra skeden av ett byggprojekt. VVSproduktion överlag präglas av föråldrade metoder och en förnyelse av detta skede ligger i tiden då nya effektiva verktyg utvecklas. BIM360 Build är ett verktyg som är framtaget för att effektivisera byggproduktion. Målet med studien är att genom granskning av utvalda funktioner av BIM360 Build, ge förslag på hur verktyget kan förbättra kvalitetssäkringen, samt att ta fram implementeringsstrategier för verktyget inom VVS-produktion. Metod: Rapporten är en kvalitativ studie med underlag av befintlig forskning inom ämnet. Metoder för insamlad empiri är semistrukturerade intervjuer som utförts på Skanska Sverige AB och Assemblin Ventilation AB samt en dokumentanalys av BIM360 Build. Resultat: Intervjuer på värdföretaget Assemblin Ventilation AB ger en bra inblick i hur ett nationellt stort företag inom ventilationsproduktion arbetar idag. Intervjuer med byggjätten Skanska Sverige AB ger en inblick i hur BIM360 BUILD används efter implementering. Med insamlad empiri kan frågeställningarna besvaras, analyseras och det står klart att BIM-verktyget kan effektivisera många problemområden inom produktionen för Assemblin Vent AB. För en implementering ska lyckas krävs tydliga riktlinjer och strategier från företagsledningen. Konsekvenser: Issues, Cheklist, Equipment och Task är funktioner i BIM360 Build som är ett effektivt verktyg för att öka kvalitetssäkringen inom VVS-produktion. För att säkerställa en effektiv implementering krävs implementeringsstrategier: • Om digitala verktyg som BIM360 Build ska få genomslag krävs det konkreta underlag för att programvaran har fungerat tidigare. • Någon form av expert/support av programmen bör finnas tillgänglig inom organisationen för att underlätta för den äldre generationen. • All personal som ska använda BIM360 Build bör få utbildning om programvaran för att undvika en lång inlärnings- och implementeringsprocess. • En BIM-samordnare bör anställas för att underlätta samordningen i den egna organisationen samt samordningen mellan andra entreprenörer. Begränsningar: Rapporten avgränsas till de fyra funktionerna Issues, Checklist, Euqipment och Task, vilket hanterar avvikelser, egenkontroller, material och delegering av arbetsmoment ute i byggproduktion. Rapporten avgränsar sig till ventilationsbranschen men författarna har förhoppning att resultatet kan generaliseras till övriga installationsgrenar. Nyckelord: kvalitetssäkring, BIM360 Build, implementering, VVS-produktion, digitaliseringPurpose: Digitization of the construction industry has increased successively in recent years as new efficient BIM tools are launched in the market. New technology improves the use of outdated methods and improves quality assurance. BIM as a tool in the production stage is not as pronounced as in the other stages of a construction project. HVAC production, in general, is characterized by outdated methods and a renewal of this stage lies in the time when new efficient tools arrive. BIM360 BUILD is a tool that is designed to make building production more efficient. The aim of the report is to examine the tool BIM360 BUILD and then find out how this tool can increase the quality assurance for HVAC production and to develop implementation strategies. Method: The report is a qualitative study based on existing research within the subject. Methods for collected empirical data are semi-structured interviews conducted at Skanska Sweden AB and Assemblin Ventilation AB and a document analysis of BIM360 Build. Findings: Interviews at the host company Assemblin Ventilation AB provide a good insight into how a nationally large company in ventilation production works today. Interviews with the building giant Skanska Sweden AB gives an insight into how BIM360 BUILD is used after implementation. With collected empirical data, the issues can be analysed, and the BIM tool can streamline many problem areas in the company's production. For an implementation, clear guidelines and strategies are required from management. Implications: Issues, Checklist, Equipment and Task are functions of BIM360 Build which is an effective tool for increasing the quality assurance in HVAC production. Implementation strategies are required to ensure effective implementation: • If digital tools such as BIM360 Build are to be impacted, the proof is required that the software has worked before. • Some form of expert/support of the program should be available within the organization to make it easier for the older generation. • All staff who will use the BIM360 Build should be trained on the software to avoid a lingering learning and implementation process. • A BIM coordinator should be hired to facilitate coordination in their own organization and the coordination between other contractors. Limitations: The report is delimited to the four functions Issues, Checklist, Equipment and Task, which handle deviations, self-checks, materials and delegation of work elements in construction production. The report is limited to the ventilation industry, but the authors hope that the result can be generalized to other installation branches. Keywords: quality assurance, BIM360 Build, implementation, HVAC production, digitization.
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Ivarsson, Soto Mikael. "Kommunala tjänstemän och implementeringen av skolans systematiska kvalitetsarbete." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-162603.
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In this essay an analysis and classification is made of the roll of implementation swedish municipalities have regarding the national quality assurance policy in the school sector. In the light of international trends of decentralisation and the development of new quality assurance systems the paper’s result classifies the municipalities as implementation roll number two according to Lundquist (1992) and his theory of implementation. The basis for this claim is given by the study of key actors in the municipal quality assurance work that shows that the implementation is made with a good understanding, with a loyal ambition but also with some shortcomings when it comes to the provision of necessary resources. Support for this is given by the case of municipality 2 that shows shortcomings regarding the number of employed, time, digital tools, knowledge and economic conditions. The same is shown in the case of municipality 1. Thus, the main conclusion of this essay is that the structural differences between the analyzed municipalities does not give rise to differences in the results of this study.
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Caldana, Graziela. "Adaptação transcultural e validação do questioná¡rio Quality Improvement Implementation Survey e subescalas do Preparation of Health Services for Accreditation." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-31072018-104428/.
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Na perspectiva de contribuir para a melhoria da qualidade, os serviços de saúde precisam desenvolver e aprimorar seus processos internos para melhoria de seus resultados assistenciais. A adoção de programas para a melhoria contínua da qualidade, como a acreditação, é uma maneira de avaliar se esses processos promovem, de fato, a segurança e a qualidade do atendimento. Este estudo, de delineamento metodológico, objetivou adaptar e validar, para uso no Brasil, instrumentos que possibilitem mensurar aspectos destes programas de melhoria da qualidade. Para tanto optou-se pelo questionário Quality Improvement Implementation Survey II (QIIS) e pelas subescalas do Preparation of Health Services for Accreditation (PHSA), analisando as suas propriedades psicométricas para profissionais que atuam nas áreas assistenciais, administrativas e de apoio de hospitais acreditados. O QIIS é divido em duas seções, denominadas A e B. A primeira mensura e classifica o tipo de cultura na qual se enquadra o hospital; as respostas são obtidas em escores entre 0 e 100 pontos e integra cinco subescalas e vinte itens analisados em quatro categorias: Cultura de Grupo; de Desenvolvimento; Hierárquica e Racional. A seção B destaca as ações do hospital para a melhoria da qualidade; apresenta sete subescalas com cinquenta e oito itens: Liderança, Informação e Análise, Planejamento Estratégico da Qualidade, Utilização de Recursos Humanos, Gestão da Qualidade, Resultados da Qualidade e Satisfação do Cliente. As subescalas denominadas Acreditação e Benefício da Acreditação foram adotadas do PHSA. A primeira subescala possui quatro itens e a segunda, oito. Tanto para a seção B do QIIS e subescalas do PHSA, as respostas foram medidas por meio de escalas do tipo Likert. O delineamento metodológico seguiu os seguintes passos: tradução e síntese das traduções, avaliação por comitê de especialistas, retrotradução, pré-teste e análise das propriedades psicométricas. Os dados foram coletados em sete hospitais 8 acreditados, no período de junho de 2016 a agosto de 2017. Participaram do estudo 581 profissionais. A validade de face e conteúdo dos instrumentos foi avaliada pelo comitê de especialistas, tradutores, respondentes do pré-teste e pelas pesquisadoras que conduziram este estudo. Quanto à análise das propriedades psicométricas, realizou-se a Análise Fatorial Exploratória e Análise Fatorial Confirmatória. Em termos de resultados, o delineamento do perfil da amostra apresentou-se de maioria feminino (68,2%), com idade média de 35,4 anos e cerca de 8 anos de atuação nos hospitais, sendo que a maioria das respostas eram de sujeitos que atuavam em hospitais com fins lucrativos (66,4%), 19% de respostas foram de hospitais públicos e 14,2% de filantrópicos. Após ajustes do modelo, a seção A da versão final do QIIS passou a ter quatro subescalas e treze itens; já a seção B, o mesmo número de subescalas, porém com quarenta e um itens. Quanto às subescalas do PHSA, houve mudança apenas na segunda (Benefício da Acreditação), com a exclusão de dois itens. Com relação à confiabilidade, obteve-se valor adequado para a consistência interna das seções A e B da versão adaptada do QIIS e subescalas do PHSA, tendo os Alphas de Cronbach variando de 0,64 a 0,94; exceto na categoria \"Cultura Racional\", que não apresentou medidas de ajustes adequadas (Alpha 0,53). Diante dos resultados, conclui-se que, apenas na categoria \"Cultura Racional\" não houve medidas adequadas para a sua aplicabilidade. A versão adaptada do QIIS e escalas do PHSA atenderam aos critérios de validade e confiabilidade na amostra estudada. Acredita-se que a utilização possibilitará um diagnóstico situacional dos hospitais brasileiros que adotaram a acreditação como estratégia para a melhoria contínua da qualidadeIn order to contribute to the improvement of the quality of health services need to develop and improve their internal processes to improve their care results.. The adoption of programs for continuous quality improvement, such as accreditation, is one way to assess whether these processes actually promote safety and quality of care. The purpose of this study was to adapt and validate the Quality Improvement Implementation Survey II (QIIS) and subscales of the Preparation of Health Services for Accreditation (PHSA) for use in Brazil, as well as to analyze its psychometric properties for professionals working in care areas , administrative and support services of accredited hospitals. The QIIS is divided into two sections, named A and B. The first measures and classifies the type of culture in which the hospital fits; the answers are obtained in scores between zero and 100 points and integrates five subscales and twenty items analyzed in four categories: Group Culture; Hierarchical and Rational; of Development. Section B highlights the hospital\'s actions to improve quality; presents seven subscales with fifty-eight items: Leadership, Information and Analysis, Quality Strategic Planning, Use of Human Resources, Quality Management, Quality Results and Customer Satisfaction. The Accreditation and Accreditation Benefit subscales were adopted from the PHSA, used to measure the results of the implementation of an accreditation program under the nurses\' perspective. The first subscale has fourth items and the second, eight. For both section B of QIIS and PHSA, responses were measured using the Likert scale. The methodological design followed the following steps: translation and synthesis of translations, evaluation by expert committee, back-translation, pre-test and analysis of psychometric properties. Data were collected from seven accredited hospitals from June 2016 to August 2017. A total of 581 professionals participated in the study. The face and content validation of the instruments was evaluated by the committee of experts, translators and researchers who conducted this study. Regarding the analysis of the psychometric 10 properties, the Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were performed. In terms of results, the outline of the sample profile was female (68.2%), with an average age of 35.4 years and and about 8 years old in hospitals, with the majority of responses being from subjects who worked in for-profit hospitals (66.4%), 19% from public hospital responses and 14.2% from philanthropists. After adjustments of the model, section A of the final version of QIIS, now has four subscales (thirteen items); already section B, the same number of subscales, but with forty-one items. As for the subscales of the PHSA, there was change only in the second subscale (Benefit of Accreditation), with the exclusion of two items. Regarding reliability, an adequate value for the internal consistency of section A and B were obtained, of the adapted version of the QIIS and subscales of the PHSA with the alphabets of Cronbach varying from 0.64 to 0.94; except in the \"Rational Culture\" category, which did not present adequate adjustment measures (Alpha 0.53). In the light of the results, it is concluded that, only in the category \"Rational Culture\" there were no adequate measures for its applicability. The adapted version of the QIIS and PHSA scales met the criteria of validity and reliability in the sample studied. It is believed that the use will enable a situational diagnosis of Brazilian hospitals that have adopted accreditation as a strategy for the continuous improvement of quality
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Špaček, Jan. "Zkvalitnění projektového řízení a postaudity projektů." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-142196.
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Main goal of this thesis is to provide information about project management quality and possibilities of quality improvement in project management by project postaudit. Other goals are to inform about best practice in project management and project postaudit and to provide manual for project postaudit implementation.
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Lopes, Ellen Almeida. "Proposta e avaliação de uma sistemática para a implementação da norma ISO 22000: 2005 - sistemas de gestão da segurança de alimentos e exemplo prático de sua implementação." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/9/9131/tde-25052016-122936/.
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Foi desenvolvida uma proposta de sistemática para implementação de Sistema de Gestão da Segurança de Alimentos com base na Norma ISO 22000:2005 (NBR ISO 22000:2006). Esta sistemática está composta por: A) Mapeamento da documentação; B) Formulários para o Planejamento do sistema APPCC/ HACCP com base na norma ISO 22000, bem como Instrução para seu uso, incluindo tanto as etapas preliminares como os 7 Princípios estabelecidos pelo Codex Alimentarius; C) Documentos para a verificação dos sistemas: Checklist para auditoria de verificação, tanto de adequação como de implementação, e Mapeamento da comunicação. Esta sistemática foi aplicada em uma linha de produtos em pó de empresa real, de porte médio, denominada, ficticiamente, empresa EXEMPLO. Foram dados os treinamentos necessários, adequados ao nível de conhecimento da equipe de segurança de alimentos, e realizadas reuniões de consultoria. Após implementação da sistemática proposta pela equipe da empresa EXEMPLO na linha de produtos escolhida para este fim, foi realizada uma auditoria de verificação para a avaliação da adequação do Sistema de Gestão da Segurança de Alimentos com base na Norma ISO 22000. A equipe foi composta por três auditores, sendo dois deles com formação nível auditor líder de ISO 22000. Concluiu-se que a sistemática é eficaz e adequada, atendendo plenamente às exigências da Norma ISO 22000. Foi, também, incluído no trabalho exemplo prático da documentação básica resultante da implementação na empresa EXEMPLO. A sistemática e modelos desenvolvidos, bem como a visualização de um exemplo prático, podem auxiliar as empresas a diminuir significativamente o tempo de implementação, embora ajustes devam ser feitos para adequação à sua realidade. Os ajustes necessários devem considerar os requisitos regulamentares, dependendo do tipo de produto e do órgão regulatório responsável pela sua regulamentação e fiscalização, bem como requisitos estatutários que possam impactar na sistemática desenvolvida.A proposed methodology was developed for the implementation of a Food safety management system based on ISO 22000:2005 (NBR ISO 22000:2006). This methodology includes: A) Map of all necessary documents; B) Forms for the HACCP system planning, based on ISO 22000 plus related instruction on how to use these forms, including the preliminary steps and the 7 Principles established by Codex Alimentarius; C) Documents for ISO 22000 system verification: Checklist for system assessment, considering adequacy and implementation and a Map of communication activities. This methodology was applied to one organization of medium size, focusing on one of its product lines. This organization was identified as EXAMPLE Organization. Necessary trainings and consultancy were offered by the author, considering the knowledge level of the food safety team. After implementation was complemented by the EXAMPLE Organization, according to the organization, an assessment was performed by a team composed of 3 auditors, two of them at the ISO 22000 lead auditor level. The main objective of this audit was to evaluate the adequacy of the proposed methodology. The conclusion was that the methodology is effective and adequate to the requirements of the ISO 22000 standard. The main documentation developed was also shown as the result of the implementation. The methodology and forms developed may help organizations to reduce the time involved in the implementation of the ISO 22000 system, even though adjustments to their circumstances shall be made. The necessary adjustments shall consider the kind of the product and the related statutory and regulatory requirements.
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Silva, Rafaella de Oliveira Santos. "Identificação e desenvolvimento de indicadores de qualidade para serviços de revisão da farmacoterapia." Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, 2017. http://ri.ufs.br/jspui/handle/riufs/7252.
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESIntroduction. Drug-related problems are frequent in clinical practice and are related to increased morbidity and mortality as well as health care costs. In this context, Medication Review (MR) services may be key elements in improving the use of medicines. However, there are few studies on implementation, monitoring, evaluation and improvement of the quality of such services. Therefore, there is a need for further research with focus on the subject with the aim of defining scientific models for these services. Aim. To develop quality indicators for Medication Review services. Methods. Initially, an overview of systematic reviews was performed in the databases Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library and Web of Science using the key words "medication review", "pharmacist" and "systematic review". Subsequently, a methodological development study was realized in two subsequent steps. In the first step, variables used to describe MR practices with potential to constitute indicators were identified through the reviews included in the overview. In the second step, a panel of experts categorized the variables in structure, processes and outcomes; choosen variables that could give support to the development; and, developed quality indicators for MR services. The quality indicators were reviewed and ranked by a senior-evaluator as the approach, source and pre-specification. Results. In the overview, 11 systematic reviews met the inclusion criteria. It was observed that MR is approached as both clinical service and pharmaceutical intervention adopting ten different terminologies. Regardless of terminologies, the main objective of MR practice is to identify and solve drug-retated problems. Most of the reviews presented methodological quality below ideal. In addition, none of the reviews focused on quality assessment of the MR practice. In the methodological development study, 272 variables were extracted from the reviews; 253 variables were chosen for the development of indicators; and, 71 quality indicators for MR services were developed. Of these, four were of structure, 45 of processes and 22 of outcomes. In addition, most indicators were classified as explicit (n = 55), empirical (n = 7) and quantitative (n = 61). Conclusion. Heterogeneity of terminologies, definitions and approach of MR as well as the low methodological rigor of the studies limit the comparison of this practice. Thus, it is necessary an international agreement on the MR process and to stablish minimum quality standards for the MR practice, which can be done through quality indicators. In this scenario, the combination of scientific evidence and a panel of experts may assist in the development of indicators for MR services. Given the above, the results obtained in conjunction with indicators developed from other sources could support the construction of scientific models to implement, assess, optimize and compare quality of MR practices.
Introdução. Problemas farmacoterapêuticos são frequentes na prática clínica e estão relacionados ao aumento da morbimortalidade e os custos com serviços de saúde. Nesse contexto, serviços de Revisão da Farmacoterapia (RF) podem ser elementos-chave na melhora do processo de uso dos medicamentos. Entretanto, são escassos estudos sobre implantação, monitorização, avaliação e aprimoramento da qualidade destes serviços. Logo, são necessárias mais pesquisas sobre o tema a fim de definir modelos científicos para estes serviços. Objetivo. Desenvolver indicadores de qualidade para serviços de Revisão da Farmacoterapia. Metodologia. Inicialmente, foi realizada uma overview de revisões sistemáticas nas bases de dados Embase, LILACS, PubMed, Scopus, The Cochrane Library e Web of Science utilizando os descritores “medication review” “pharmacist” e “systematic review”. Posteriormente, foi realizado um estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico em duas etapas subsequentes. Na primeira etapa, variáveis utilizadas para descrever a prática da RF com potencial de constituir indicadores foram identificadas a partir das revisões incluídas na overview. Posteriormente, um painel de especialistas categorizou as variáveis em estrutura, processos e resultados; elegeu as variáveis que poderiam dar subsídio ao desenvolvimento; e, desenvolveu indicadores de qualidade para serviços de RF. Os indicadores foram revisados e classificados por uma avaliadora-sênior quanto à abordagem, fonte e pré-especificação. Resultados. Na overview, 11 revisões sistemáticas preencheram os critérios de inclusão. Observou-se que, a RF é abordada tanto como serviço clínico quanto intervenção farmacêutica adotando dez diferentes terminologias. Independente das terminologias, o principal objetivo da prática da RF é identificar e resolver problemas farmacoterapêuticos. A maioria das revisões apresentaram qualidade metodológica abaixo do ideal. Ademais, nenhuma das revisões tinha foco em avaliação da qualidade da prática da RF. No estudo de desenvolvimento metodológico, 272 variáveis foram extraídas a partir das revisões; 253 variávies foram eleitas para o desenvolvimento dos indicadores; e, 71 indicadores de qualidade para serviços de RF foram desenvolvidos. Destes, quatro foram de estrutura, 45 de processos e 22 de resultados. Além disso, a maioria dos indicadores foi classificada como explícito (n=55), empírico (n=7) e quantitativo (n=61). Conclusões. A heterogeneidade das terminologias, definições e abordagem da RF bem como o baixo rigor metodológico dos estudos limitam a comparação desta prática. Assim, é necessário consensuar internacionalmente o processo da RF e padrões mínimos de qualidade para a prática, o que pode ser feito por meio de indicadores de qualidade. Neste cenário, a combinação entre evidência científica e consenso de especialistas pode auxiliar no desenvolvimento de indicadores para RF. Frente ao exposto, os resultados obtidos em conjunto com indicadores desenvolvidos a partir de outras fontes poderão embasar a construção de modelos científicos para implantar, avaliar, otimizar e comparar a qualidade da RF.
São Cristóvão, SE
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"Quality system implementation in Hong Kong industries." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5895619.
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by Wong, Tony Ton.Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 78-80).
Chapter CHAPTER I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1
Chapter CHAPTER II --- PROJECT BACKGROUND --- p.3
BRIEF HISTORY OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN INDUSTRIALIZED NATIONS --- p.5
PHILOSOPHIES OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT --- p.6
BRIEF HISTORY OF MANUFACTURING IN HONG KONG --- p.8
SOCIO-ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR --- p.9
TRENDS AND OPPORTUNITIES --- p.10
HISTORICAL ACCOUNT OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT IN THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR --- p.13
Chapter CHAPTER III --- METHODOLOGY --- p.18
SELECTION OF SURVEY TARGETS --- p.18
QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN --- p.20
COMPANY PROFILES --- p.20
IMPLEMENTATION STAGES AND COMMON TECHNIQUES --- p.21
ACQUISITION OF QUALITATIVE DATA --- p.22
CONDUCTING THE SURVEY --- p.22
Chapter CHAPTER IV --- SURVEY RESULT ANALYSIS --- p.26
COMPANY PROFILES --- p.27
INDUSTRY OF THE SURVEY PARTICIPANTS --- p.27
LOCATIONS OF MANUFACTURING FACILITIES --- p.30
PRODUCTION PROCESSES --- p.31
EMPLOYEE SIZE --- p.32
EDUCATION LEVELS OF EMPLOYEES --- p.34
IMPORTANCE OF WORKER SKILL LEVELS --- p.34
IMPORTANCE OF STANDARD PROCEDURE --- p.35
CRITICAL EXTERNAL FACTORS --- p.36
INTRA-COMPANY COMMUNICATION --- p.37
QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION AND TECHNIQUES --- p.39
DRIVING FORCE FOR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT --- p.39
MANAGEMENT STYLE --- p.40
MEDIUM TERM CORPORATE OBJECTIVES --- p.42
HISTORY OF FORMAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM --- p.43
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT METHODOLOGIES --- p.44
APPLICATION OF SQC TECHNIQUES --- p.47
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TEAMS --- p.48
TRAINING FOR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT --- p.51
MOTIVATION TECHNIQUES --- p.53
ACCREDITATION ON ISO´ؤ9000 SERIES STANDARD --- p.54
MAJOR OBSTACLES TO QUALITY IMPROVEMENT --- p.56
STAGES OF QUALITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION --- p.58
MANAGEMENT STYLE AND QUALITY OBJECTIVES --- p.60
IMPACT OF ISO-9000 ACCREDITATION ON QUALITY PRIORITIES --- p.61
Chapter CHAPTER V --- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.64
CONCLUSIONS --- p.64
RECOMMENDATIONS AND FUTURE WORK --- p.67
FURTURE WORK --- p.67
APPENDICES AND OTHER ATTACHMENTS --- p.69
APPENDIX 1 - COVER LETTER DESIGN --- p.70
APPENDIX 2 - SAMPLE SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE --- p.71
APPENDIX 3 - MEISTER'S TEN LESSONS ON TRAINING --- p.75
APPENDIX 4 - HYPOTHESIS TEST ON THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO POPULATION PROPORTIONS --- p.76
BIBLIOGRAPHY AND REFERENCES --- p.78
42
"Status of implementation of quality management practices in Hong Kong." Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b5888678.
Full textAbstract:
by Wong Kwai Lin Christine.Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1996.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 47-48).
ABSTRACT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Chapter
Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1
Chapter II. --- Research --- p.3
Exploratory Research --- p.3
Literature Search --- p.4
Quality Concepts --- p.4
W. Edward Deming --- p.5
Joseph Juran --- p.8
Philip Crosby --- p.10
Quality --- p.11
ISO 9000 Series --- p.12
The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award --- p.13
Status of Promotion of Quality Management --- p.13
Specific Research --- p.14
Theoretical Basis --- p.15
Descriptive Research --- p.17
Data Collection Method --- p.18
Method of Administration --- p.19
Sample Design --- p.21
Target Population --- p.21
Sampling Frame --- p.21
Sampling Procedure --- p.22
Questionnaire Design --- p.22
Part I - Company Demographics --- p.20
Part II - Company Performance --- p.23
Part III - Quality Improvement Techniques --- p.23
Data Analysis --- p.24
Response --- p.24
Managerial Knowledge --- p.29
Quality Performance --- p.30
Financial Performance --- p.30
Past Quality Performance --- p.30
Market Place Environment --- p.31
Corporate Support for Quality --- p.31
Role of Management Leadership and Quality --- p.32
Quality Data and Reporting --- p.33
Strategic Quality Planning --- p.33
Employees' involvement and Participation --- p.34
Employees' Training --- p.34
Feedback and Recognition of Employees' Performance --- p.35
Employees' Relations --- p.36
Product Service Design --- p.36
Process Management --- p.36
Supplier Quality Management --- p.37
Role of Quality Department --- p.38
Customer Feedback --- p.39
Chapter III. --- SUMMARY OF FINDINGS --- p.40
Difference between Manufacturing and Service Companies --- p.41
Difference between Companies with without Separate Quality Department --- p.41
Difference between Companies with or without Certification --- p.42
Chapter IV. --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.44
Chapter V. --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.46
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chapter APPENDIX 1 --- Sample Questionnaire
Chapter 2 --- Figures 2 to 18
43
Alam, Nadeem. "Quality assurance implementation issues in Canadian firms : a study of ISO 9001:2000." Thesis, 2003. http://spectrum.library.concordia.ca/2380/1/MQ90988.pdf.
Full textAbstract:
This research studies implementation issues related to the emergence of the latest version of the ISO 9000 quality standard, ISO 9001:2000. This version has abandoned the structure of 20 sections and now has five comprehensive sections covering all the previous requirements, with some modifications and the introduction of new requirements. The ISO 9001:2000 standard has introduced a process-based approach that considers the quality management system as a single large process consisting of many smaller processes. The thesis focuses on the implementation of ISO 9001:2000 through an empirical study on Canadian firms. Results show that, whether external or internal reasons provided the impetus for registration, Canadian companies registered under the new ISO standards generally face the same degree of difficulty in implementation. However, internally driven companies have less difficulty for certain items. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
44
Netshifhefhe, Lufuno Phillip. "Implementation of quality assurance as a policy instrument in the University of Venda." Diss., 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1600.
Full textAbstract:
MPMOliver Tambo Institute of Governance and Policy Studies
The study investigated the implementation of Quality Assurance as a policy instrument at the University of Venda. Within the study, the researcher critically analyzed the implementation of Quality Assurance policy as a system and the procedures within the University. To universities around the world, quality assurance in higher education institutions has become a matter of great importance. In South Africa, quality assurance roles and practices are closely guided by legislative guidelines, which are primarily structured to report and comply with universities ' obligations to DHET, CHE and SAQA, and so, too the national demand for universities to contribute to the study and advancement of higher education policy. This study used a qualitative research approach which included ethnographic method to address the question on the implementation of quality assurance as a policy instrument using University of Venda as a case in point. The study findings revealed that the illustration of the quality assurance as a policy instrument in higher education context is very critical to enable an institution of higher learning to execute its core business in a way that quality uncompromised. Stakeholders should have faith in the institution and that the university should undertake a syst ematic cycle of external program assessments based on teaching and learning concerns and a ke the necessary steps to build capacity and provide support in curriculum design and program development processes at the school and departmental level. The study concluded by giving recommendations on what are the strategies that the University can apply in enhancing the “quality of its core business of teaching and learning, research and community engagement.”
NRF
45
Chiang, Chia-Yu, and 蔣佳諭. "A Study on Implementation Effects of the E-learning Quality Assurance from Learners' Perspectives." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/xet2g5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
圖書資訊學研究所
97
E-learning is popularized and has becoming one of the important study modes in present day, yet the educational quality control still remained to be the main issue concerned by related academics. The aim of the quality assurance and indicators conducted by Ministry of Education is to insure quality online education for learners with expectable positive learning effect. The role involved in e-learning activities with keenest experiences should be the learners. Therefore, the purposes of the study is to investigate how e-learning executive master’s program affected by the implementation of e-learning quality assurance from learners’ viewpoint, and to provide the modifications for the quality assurance and the institutes services by discovering learners’ potential needs. To reach the purposes, questionnaires and individual interviews are put into practice. Learners’ comments to the quality assurance, institution services and their learning behaviors are revealed by statistical analysis and data processing. The results show that learners’ motivation is mainly degree-oriented. The main instructional tool is online learning system, with the using of multimedia and PowerPoint file types mostly. Learners take 6 to 10 hours per week in average for class preparation. Doing assignments is the primary activity for learners after online classes. About learners’ potential needs, firstly is to raise the proportion of online courses, secondary is to obtain the supports from online tutors. In addition, through the comprehensive analysis of learners’ opinions and statistical result, researcher summarizes the conclusions in details with three dimensions from the quality assurance framework: “designing learning activities”, “teaching management and system services” and “Overall planning of the e-learning executive master’s program”. Based on the results above, researcher gives few modifications and suggestions for the e-learning quality assurance, related institutes, e-learning courses and the further studies.
46
Ngwenya, Thengamehlo Harold. "Quality assurance in South African higher education and its implementation at the University of Durban-Westville." Diss., 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/1615.
Full textAbstract:
Using the University of Durban-Westville as an illustrative case study, the study examines quality assurance policies and their implementation in the South African higher education system. The scope of the study covers a wide-ranging analysis of discourses underpinning quality assurance and a focused analysis of institutional policies. As one of its central aims, the dissertation investigates the tension between quality assurance as it is conventionally understood and quality assurance conceived as continuous organizational improvement based on the principles of total quality management.
The study has two fairly distinct dimensions: a literature survey focusing on global trends and practices, and an empirical investigation focusing on the University of Durban-Westville. The literature study looks global systems, trends and practices, and provides a suitable point of departure for a contextual analysis of quality management in the South African higher education system. Relying on a questionnaire and semi-structured interviews as research instruments, the study's empirical component investigates the attitudes and perceptions of academic managers at UDW towards national and institutional quality assurance policies and mechanisms.
The study's findings all point to a preference for a decentralised system of quality management with the government playing a peripheral monitoring role rather than a central policing role . This study also demonstrates that the distinction between academic development and quality assurance is a spurious one and should only be made for analytical purposes.Educational Studies
M.Ed. (Educational Management)
47
Lesejane, Eunice. "Perceptions of librarians at the University of South Africa on the implementation of quality assurance interventions." 2013. http://encore.tut.ac.za/iii/cpro/DigitalItemViewPage.external?sp=1001224.
Full textAbstract:
M. Tech. Business AdministrationThis study was conducted at UNISA Library in 2012 in order to assess the perceptions regarding the process mapping exercise that was conducted by UNISA Library as a means of improving performance based on a random sample of 43 employees of UNISA Library. The study also focused on the implementation of continuous improvement at the UNISA Library.
48
Geda, Abeya Geleta. "Quality assurance policy and practice in higher education institutions in Ethiopia." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/18676.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study is to explore the current policy and practice of the national and institutional QA system in public HEIs in Ethiopia in order to determine how the quality of teaching and learning might have been enhanced through the QA system. Two organisational theories – contingency and neo-institutional theory – provide a theoretical lens to explain how internal and external organisational environments affect the implementation of QA in the HEIs. The mixed-methods research approach was used in the study, including document analysis, semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Three public universities were chosen as data source. At macro level, the HERQA was also included to examine the effect of the institutional environments on internal quality assurance practices. The findings revealed that there is little evidence of self-initiated quality enhancement activities in the public HEIs. They do not have adequate structures, systems, and written policies to assure quality. The quality assurance efforts were implemented without a clear sense of direction and purposes and therefore lacked effective coordination. The self-evaluations were symbolically took place at the higher levels of the universities and that the results of the evaluations were rarely used in a structured way in improvement of teaching-learning, faculty decision-making and planning processes. It is far from clear that whether the internal quality assurance contributed to the teaching and learning or transformed the student learning experience. It can be concluded that the HERQA’s quality assurance policy and practices seems to be de-coupled from internal initiatives to improve quality in the higher education institutions. It is recommended that HEIs should develop QA policy, mobilise resources for institutional quality improvement, establish full-fledged QA structures at all levels, and furnish the structures with necessary human resources. The HEIs should initiate and undertake effective self-assessment of their activities, own it and work towards achieving their own stated objectives. It is important that the HERQA should develop accreditation procedures, particularly at programme level, for the public HEIs. The HERQA should consider playing more active roles in communicating with HEIs regularly about QA; pay more attention to a follow-up of the audits, the punctual development and delivery of the SEDs. The HERQA should be more independent, have more autonomy and sufficient resources to become a viable professional agency informing the HE sector on the quality of its performance.Educational Management and Leadership
D. Ed. (Education Management)
49
Jie, Li Yi, and 李羿杰. "The Design and Implementation of Middleware for Quality of Service Assurance for Enterprise Cloud Computing (QoSAECC-ME)." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47675122763751906129.
Full textAbstract:
碩士東海大學
資訊工程學系
103
Enterprise Cloud Computing (ECC) has the complicated issues of the multi-tenancy,cross layer service composition (SaaS, PaaS, IaaS), multiple constraints from user requirements and service level agreements (SLAs). To assure the quality of service and effectiveness of ECC, a middleware to support the service composition and monitoring in ECC is highly important. The goal of this project is to design and develop a middleware for Enterprise Cloud Computing(ECC) which can automatically manage the resource allocation of services from SaaS, PaaS, and IaaS. The middleware provides an easy, cost-effective, and secure way to access services from cloud environment, which may involve distributed cluster systems, the application software, and platforms to the end users. The purpose of the middleware for cloud computing is to provide complete transparency of the underlying technology and the surrounding environment. The Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) extends component-based approach to achieve distributed processing, to improve the system efficiency, and easy to manager. In addition to the traditional SOA which is focus on the domain of Software as a Service (SaaS), operating system and infrastructures and even testing part will be integrated. This project employs the agent technology to the monitoring of requested QOS requirements and Service Level Agreements (SLAs).
50
Bugday, Ince Sehriban. "The effects of the Bologna Process on the implementation of Quality Assurance in Turkish Higher Education: a case study." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/5159.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis analyses the effects of the Bologna Process on the implementation of
Quality Assurance standards in Turkish higher education. Using a qualitative case study
approach, this thesis explores the changes and policies that have been adopted to promote
quality assurance at the institutional, national and international levels. In order to better
understand how quality assurance systems are shaped within the Bologna Process, I
conducted interviews with eight Turkish Bologna experts. The experts provided first-hand
experience and knowledge of the QA systems implementation process. Further, I
performed a detailed document analysis to examine the policies related to the quality
assurance system.
Through these methods, I uncovered a number of unique challenges faced by the
Turkish higher education system in the implementation of a sound quality assurance
system. One of the most significant challenges relates to the fact that the Council of
Higher Education has still not established a fully functional national QA agency in
accordance with the European Standard and Guidelines. This discrepancy affects the
implementation of a uniform QA system at all levels.
The findings suggest that the Bologna Process, which aims to improve
transparency in the European Higher Education Area, has had positive impact on QA
systems in Turkish HE. The positive effects demonstrate the capacity of the Turkish HE
to respond to an increasing need for a highly qualified workforce. With an improved
adaptability on the part of the institutions, graduates of Turkish universities will be able
to comparably compete with those from other European institutions.Graduate
0745
0515
sbugday@uvic.ca