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Chamberlain, Kerry. "Value dimensions, cultural differences, and the prediction of perceived quality of life." Social Indicators Research 17, no. 4 (November 1985): 345–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00290321.
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Gibbons, C. J., and S. M. Skevington. "Adjusting for cross-cultural differences in computer-adaptive tests of quality of life." Quality of Life Research 27, no. 4 (December 4, 2017): 1027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11136-017-1738-7.
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Abbott, Ulrich Baumann, Steve Conwa, Janice. "Cross cultural differences in health related quality of life in adolescents with cystic fibrosis." Disability and Rehabilitation 23, no. 18 (January 2001): 837–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09638280110072913.
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Keith, Kenneth D., Makoto Yamamoto, Noriko Okita, and Robert L. Schalock. "CROSS-CULTURAL QUALITY OF LIFE: JAPANESE AND AMERICAN COLLEGE STUDENTS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 23, no. 2 (January 1, 1995): 163–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1995.23.2.163.
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The Quality of Student Life Questionnaire (QSLQ) was used to collect data on 946 students in eight colleges and universities in Japan and the United States. A series of 2 × 2 × 2 analyses of variance on total scores and four factors (Sa tisfaction, Competence/Productivity, Independence, and Social Belonging) were completed, comparing scores by gender, type of school (four-year vs. two-year) and nationality.For total quality of life scores, main effects were found for country (American scores were higher) and type of school (scores were higher for four-year colleges). Analysis of factor scores showed main effects for country (higher scores for American students) on all factors except Independence. These results are discussed in the context of differing cultural values and assumptions. Japanese and American views vary considerably, for example, on such issues as individuality, the role of groups, and perception of self. These differences must be considered in interpretation of cross-cultural findings.
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Singh, Prem, and Achyut Kumar Pandey. "Quality of life in epilepsy." International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 5, no. 2 (January 23, 2017): 452. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20170024.
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Background: The quality of life (QOL) evaluation is a relatively new measure to evaluate the outcome of epilepsy. Many factors influence the quality of life of people with epilepsy, including seizure severity, stigma, fear, and the presence of cognitive or psychiatric problems. QOL is influenced by biological factors as well as cultural, social and religious beliefs and values. This study was planned to find out the impact of epilepsy on quality of life of epileptic patients.Methods: The study was conducted in the epilepsy clinic of department of neurology at a tertiary care hospital over a period of one year.101 patients were included after fulfilling the inclusion criteria. All the patients seeking treatment in the OPD were screened, assessed and then all procedures were fully explained to them. History regarding name, age sex, socio-demographic profile and detailed history regarding seizure disorder was taken from both the patient and the reliable informant. Bengali version of QOLIE-9 was used to assess the quality of life.Results: One hundred and one patients with epilepsy consisting of 70 men (69.3%) and 31 women (30.7%) were included. Their ages ranged from 15 to 52, the mean age being 26.17 (SD = 7.84). Out of the 101 patients, 65 patients (64.4%) were suffering from partial epilepsies and 36 patients (35.6%) were suffering from generalized epilepsies. Mean QOLIE-9 total scores were 16.66, 19.74, 20.13 and 24.00 in married, widows, unmarried and separated individuals respectively. The differences in the means were statistically significant on ANOVA (p value 0.002). Mean QOLIE-9 total scores were 27.75, 19.64, 19.65, 18.14 and 18.00 in primary, secondary, higher secondary, graduate and postgraduate individuals respectively. The differences were highly significant statistically on ANOVA (p value<0.001). Frequency of seizures per month was positively correlated with QOLIE-9 total scores (Pearson Correlation 0.622) and was highly statistically significant (p value<0.001).Conclusions: Frequent seizures, lower education level and single status are associated with lower quality of life in persons with epilepsy.
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Shiau, Hong-Chi. "Beyond the cultural dichotomy, what do we share?" Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 25, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 42–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/japc.25.1.03shi.
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This study presents an ethnographic approach to unpack the differences in digital media use, illustrating how these differences can be better understood as a negotiable quality of incessant action and interaction, rather than as a given quality of social life mandated by the individualism/collectivism dichotomy. Drawing on ethnographic interviews with seven Taiwanese sojourners in the United States and five Americans in Taiwan, this study asked informants to retrospectively recount their sojourning experiences regarding the use of multimedia messaging services (MMS), which presently often involve smartphones. Taiwanese sojourners exhibited stronger family ties than their American counterparts. Instead of relying on collectivistic/individualistic traits as an explanatory mechanism, this study identifies three themes from the life narratives of both groups of sojourners that could explain the observed cultural differences in the terrain of smartphone communication: first, the economic basis on which sojourning was organized was asymmetric between the two groups; second, parents of the two groups had asymmetric knowledge of the sojourning destinations, and this impacted conversational repertoire; and third, the intersection of gender and media constructions of sojourning destinations also shaped varying degrees of bonding. The larger asymmetric structural context at a macro-level may offer fertile ground for further theorization on cultural differences and commonalities.
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Wang, Rongrong, and Birgitta Langhammer. "Predictors of quality of life for chronic stroke survivors in relation to cultural differences: a literature review." Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences 32, no. 2 (September 26, 2017): 502–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/scs.12533.
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Bhuptani, Neela V., Pratik J. Parmar, Nilam K. Selot, and Bharti K. Patel. "Quality of life in patients with vitiligo." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 6, no. 3 (April 21, 2020): 388. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20201586.
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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Vitiligo is an acquired disorder characterized by well circumscribed depigmented macules and patches that result from a progressive loss of functional melanocytes. In India and perhaps elsewhere also patients with vitiligo have severe psychological and social problems. Quality of life is multidimensional index of different social, behavioural and cultural factors. Different tools were developed for measuring quality of life focusing on different conditions and diseases. The dermatology life quality index (DLQI) questionnaire is designed for use in patients of age more than 16. It can be used to measure the impact of vitiligo on quality of life. To assess the dermatology specific quality of life in patients with vitiligo. To study impact of vitiligo on their quality of life.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> In this study 150 patients diagnosed with vitiligo during a 1-year period were included. DLQI was calculated for every patient. <strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> The mean DLQI score in our study was 6.14. There was a statistically significant difference in mean DLQI of unmarried as compared to married. There were no statically significant differences in other groups. Out of 150 patients of vitiligo, 3 (2%) patients had no effect, 66 (44%) patients had small effect, 69 (46%) patients have moderate effect, while 12 (8%) patient had very large effect of vitiligo on their quality of life.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Vitiligo affects quality of life in majority of patients. So, it should be treated aggressively with various treatment modality along with proper counselling and psychological support.</p>
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You, Jin, Qian Lu, Michael J. Zvolensky, Zhiqiang Meng, Kay Garcia, and Lorenzo Cohen. "Anxiety- and Health-Related Quality of Life Among Patients With Breast Cancer: A Cross-Cultural Comparison of China and the United States." Journal of Global Oncology, no. 4 (December 2018): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jgo.2016.008763.
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Purpose Literature has documented the prevalence of anxiety and its adverse effect on quality of life among patients with breast cancer from Western countries, yet cross-cultural examinations with non-Western patients are rare. This cross-cultural study investigated differences in anxiety and its association with quality of life between US and Chinese patients with breast cancer. Methods Patients with breast cancer from the United States and China completed measures for anxiety (Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) and quality of life (Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast). Results After controlling for demographic and medical characteristics, Chinese patients reported higher levels of trait and state anxiety than US patients. Although there was an association between anxiety and quality of life in both groups of patients, the association between state anxiety and quality of life was stronger among Chinese patients than among US patients, with the association between trait anxiety and quality of life the same between the two cultural samples. Conclusion These findings suggest that anxiety and its association with quality of life among patients with breast cancer varies depending on cultural context, which reveals greater anxiety and poorer quality of life among Chinese patients compared with US patients. This suggests greater unmet psychosocial needs among Chinese patients and highlights the need to build comprehensive cancer care systems for a better quality of life in Chinese populations.
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Mihic-Lisul, Ivana, and Petronila Kapor-Stanulovic. "Cultural influence on aims of inclusion of mothers in pre-school children's play." Psihologija 35, no. 1-2 (2002): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi0201049l.
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Child is introduced with the contents of culture at first through numerous influences culture has on family life, especially on defining parenting roles. Patriarchal culture, still strong in Yugoslavia, is full of norms that clearly define roles of elders and men, and excellently demarcates differences between father's and mother's role in bringing up their children, defined by the level of responsibility attached to parents in upbringing and educating a child. Research conducted in Novi Sad, Yugoslavia in January 2002, with the primary aim of diagnosing differences in frequency and quality of parent-pre-school children play concerning many relevant correlates, most important of which is the sex of the parent. Data show high distinctive quality difference in types and approaches to play in regard of the parent in question. Differences show that patriarchal culture's influence is still very strong. The results show that mothers are burdened with the higher level of responsibility, inevitably leading to higher parenting stress. The level of parenting stress can then influence the quality of meeting the requests put to parents, as well as raising level of general anxiety in all the activities concerning the child, therefore the play itself as well.
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Romero Prada, ME, N. Alvis Guzman, S. Celis, LM Huerfano, and D. Gallo. "Differences in Perception of Health-Related Quality of Life Associates to Socioeconomic, Cultural and Housing Factors: Multilevel Analysis." Value in Health 19, no. 7 (November 2016): A361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jval.2016.09.087.
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Lucchetti, Giancarlo, Rodolfo Furlan Damiano, Lisabeth F. DiLalla, Alessandra Lamas Granero Lucchetti, Ivana Lúcia Damásio Moutinho, Oscarina da Silva Ezequiel, and J. Kevin Dorsey. "Cross-cultural Differences in Mental Health, Quality of Life, Empathy, and Burnout between US and Brazilian Medical Students." Academic Psychiatry 42, no. 1 (August 31, 2017): 62–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40596-017-0777-2.
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Clay, Victoria. "Gender Differences in Perceptions of School Life and Self-Concept." Boyhood Studies 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2011): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3149/thy.0501.20.
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It has long been argued that gender considerations are an important factor in educational outcomes for students. The impact of social and of cultural beliefs concerning the value of education has often been implicated in gender differences in outcomes of schooling. While social constructions of masculinity warrant scrutiny both in society in general and in education, a focus on the social determinants of behaviour and attitudes does not always allow for full consideration of individual factors, such as affective or social-emotional determinants of responses to situations. This paper discusses the findings of a qualitative study of student perceptions of quality of school life and of student self-concept that was conducted in six different Australian schools. The findings of this study show that as well as gender differences, there were differences related to the school location, the socio-economic group the students belonged to, and the age of the student. These findings point towards the need to investigate gender in schools using an ecological model of gendered perceptions of school life that can take account of both individual and environmental factors.
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Mautner, Eva, Chie Ashida, Elfriede Greimel, Uwe Lang, Christina Kolman, Daniela Alton, and Wataru Inoue. "Are There Differences in the Health Outcomes of Mothers in Europe and East-Asia? A Cross-Cultural Health Survey." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/856543.
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The aim of the current study was to investigate differences in quality of life outcomes and depression of mothers in East-Asia and Central Europe. 170 women in Japan and 226 women in Austria with children between 3 and 5 answered the same cross-culturally validated questionnaires. The Quality of Life Questionnaire from the WHO (WHOQOL-Bref), the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC-13), a Social Support Scale (MSPSS), and questions on gender orientation were used. In all dimensions of QOL (physical, psychological, social, and environmental) Japanese women had lower QOL scores compared to Austrian mothers (P<001). Seven percent of women in both countries experienced major depression. In both countries sense of coherence, experienced stress level, satisfaction with income, social support, and gender roles had an influence on QOL and depressive symptoms. Mothers in Japan consider life events less comprehensible, manageable, and meaningful and experience less support. Consequently, creating an environment where fathers could be more involved in child rearing and mothers have more opportunities to choose between life styles and working and social environments would improve QOL not only in Japanese mothers but also in other countries all over the world.
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Bokhan, T. G., A. L. Ul’yanich, O. V. Terekhina, T. A. Vidyakina, and E. V. Galazhinskiy. "The Features of Subjective Well-Being among Students in the Conditions of Educational Migration." Social Psychology and Society 12, no. 1 (2021): 59–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2021120105.
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Objective. Identification of features of subjective well-being and their connection with values, the implementation of which causes feelings of happiness and joy, among students of different cultural groups. Background. In the conditions of educational migration, students ‘life activity goes beyond the traditional cultural circle to a wide multicultural space, where a special role is given to the reflection of value and semantic regulation, which can be reflected in the subjective well-being of students’ representatives. Study design. We studied the features and differences in the cognitive and emotional components of subjective well-being and values among students of different cultural groups, and determined their relationship in each group. Descriptive statistics, comparative and correlation analysis were used for statistical data processing. Participants. The study sample consisted of 200 Tomsk University students aged 17 to 26 years (M=19.87; SD=1.88), who were divided into 5 study groups based on the criterion of cultural affiliation. Measurements. To study indicators of subjective quality of life, we used the “life satisfaction scale” (E. Diener, adaptation by D.A. Leont’ev, E.N. Osin) and the “scale of positive and negative affect” PANAS (D. Watson, adaptation by E.N. Osin). The orientation of values was studied using the B. Ford questionnaire. Results. It was found that the majority of representatives of all cultural groups are satisfied with their lives. There are statistically significant differences in life satisfaction indicators between cultural groups in the components of subjective well-being. The data obtained on differences (significance level p≤0.05) in values, the implementation of which allows students to experience feelings of joy and happiness, in some results are consistent with existing traditional ideas, in others — do not coincide with them, reflecting modern cultural transformations. Conclusions. Various interrelations of value orientations with components of subjective quality of life in the study groups are revealed, which may indicate specific cultural features.
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Chai, Penny Pei Minn, Christian Ulrich Krägeloh, Daniel Shepherd, and Rex Billington. "Stress and quality of life in international and domestic university students: cultural differences in the use of religious coping." Mental Health, Religion & Culture 15, no. 3 (March 2012): 265–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2011.571665.
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Lima-Serrano, Marta, Ida Lemos, and Cristina Nunes. "Adolescent quality of life and health behaviors: a comparative study between adolescents from the south of Portugal and Spain." Texto & Contexto - Enfermagem 22, no. 4 (December 2013): 893–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-07072013000400004.
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An observational, transversal study was carried out to examine cross-cultural differences in perceived quality of life and health-related behaviors on adolescents from southern Portugal and southern Spain. Sample consists in 319 adolescents. The Kidscreen-27 child self-report, a short version of Health Behavior in School-aged Children Questionnaire, and a Socio-demographic questionnaire were used. Results suggest significant differences between Portuguese and Spanish adolescents health behaviors. Portuguese adolescents experiment more legal drugs and consume more wine and beer. More Spanish adolescents smoke. No differences were found between countries on hashish use, liquor consumption, inebriation, and on the age of first sexual intercourse. Spanish adolescents perceived themselves with better quality of life. Gender differences were found on several dimensions of Quality of Life. Results are discussed with previous research on these topic and might be considered by nurses when promoting adolescent health.
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Sánchez-Sánchez, Beatriz, Maria José Yuste-Sánchez, Beatriz Arranz-Martín, Beatriz Navarro-Brazález, Helena Romay-Barrero, and María Torres-Lacomba. "Quality of Life in POP: Validity, Reliability and Responsiveness of the Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QoL) in Spanish Women." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (March 5, 2020): 1690. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051690.
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The Prolapse Quality of Life Questionnaire (P-QoL) is a specific questionnaire created to assess the impact of pelvic organ prolapse on women’s quality of life. The aim of the present study was to cross-culturally adapt and assess the psychometric properties of the P-QoL for Spanish women. The cross-cultural adaptation was conducted by a standardized translation/back-translation method. Psychometric analysis was performed by assessing the validity, reliability, responsiveness and feasibility. A total of 200 Spanish women were recruited and assigned to symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. The Spanish P-QoL version demonstrated good content validity. Convergent validity showed high intercorrelations with the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory short form and the Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire short form. The discriminant validity showed statistically significant differences between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic groups. The internal consistency was high and of acceptable values. The test-retest reliability was shown to be high in all the cases. Regarding responsiveness, the effect size and standardized response mean demonstrated moderate values. The average time for administration was 10 (3) min. The Spanish P-QoL showed considerable support for the appropriate metric properties of validity, reliability, responsiveness and feasibility to evaluate the symptom severity and its impact on the quality of life in Spanish women with urogenital prolapse.
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Füvesi, J., K. Bencsik, K. Benedek, K. Mátyás, E. Mészáros, C. Rajda, E. Losonczi, Zs Fricska-Nagy, and L. Vécsei. "Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the `Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument' in Hungarian." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 14, no. 3 (April 2008): 391–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458507082724.
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Health-related quality of life measurements are gaining more importance in the study and clinical practice of multiple sclerosis. The aim of our study was the adaptation of the Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life Instrument (MSQOL-54) in Hungarian. The study was carried out at the Department of Neurology, University of Szeged and two other multiple sclerosis centers. The Hungarian translation of the questionnaire was given to patients at the outpatient units of the neurology departments. The EDSS score of the patients were determined and data concerning the onset and the clinical form of the disease was collected. Altogether 438 patients filled out the questionnaire. We enrolled patients with all clinical forms of the disease. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were over 0.8 in case of all scales except `Rolelimitations — emotional' (0.794), indicating a good internal consistency reliability for group comparisons. The instrument was able to distinguish between known clinical group differences. The Hungarian version of the MSQOL-54 instrument shows good psychometric properties similar to the original questionnaire. Multiple Sclerosis 2008; 14: 391—398. http://msj.sagepub.com
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PAN, XI, JASLEEN K. CHAHAL, and ROSE MARIE WARD. "Quality of urban life among older adults in the world major metropolises: a cross-cultural comparative study." Ageing and Society 38, no. 1 (August 30, 2016): 108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x16000957.
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ABSTRACTThe concept of quality of urban life (QoUL) can be interpreted quite differently across different cultures. Little evidence has shown that the measure of QoUL, which is based on Western culture, can be applied to populations cross-culturally. In the current study, we use data from the 2006 Assessing Happiness and Competitiveness of World Major Metropolises study to identify underlying factors associated with QoUL as well as assess the consistency of the QoUL measurement among adults, aged 60 and older, in ten world major metropolises (i.e. New York City, Toronto, London, Paris, Milan, Berlin, Stockholm, Beijing, Tokyo and Seoul). Exploratory factor analysis and multiple-group confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) are used to analyse the data. Findings of the study suggest that the measure of QoUL is sensitive to socio-cultural differences. Community factor and intrapersonal factor are two underlying structures that are related to QoUL among older adults in ten metropolises cross-culturally. Results from the CFA indicate that Toronto is comparable with Beijing, New York City, Paris, Milan and Stockholm in QoUL, while other cities are not. The results provide insights into the development of current urban policy and promotion of quality of life among older residents in major metropolitan areas. Future researchers should continue to explore the relationship between QoUL and socio-cultural differences within international urban settings, while remaining cautious when making cross-cultural comparisons.
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Santi, Susanti, Suryana Asep, and Perdana Fitri. "Social Harmony Model within Differences through Educational System." E3S Web of Conferences 73 (2018): 08016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187308016.
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This paper aims to reveal the efforts by one elementary school in Garut, SD Bestari utami, in providing quality education to their students without distinguishing their socio-cultural background. Through the principle of equality and togetherness, SD Bestari Utami seeks to harmonize the differences among the students into a unity of Indonesia. The method used in this research is qualitative with phenomenology approach. Data collection is done by in-depth interviews, literature review and on-site observation. The result of the research shows that establishment of Bestari Utami Elementary School as a school that provides educational equity for Sundanese and Chinese children is motivated by the experience of founder and principal Christanti Gomulia who feel how beautiful life is in unity together without discriminating social-culture background. Mutual respect in socio-cultural differences enriched Christanti's soul and mind and she can freely develop her personality in accordance with the cultural background surrounds her. Through the curriculum she designed, SD Bestari Utami directed each of their students to always appreciate the differences and not forget the cultural roots from which they originated, it's Sundanese culture.
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Grosjean, Pauline, and Robert C. Brooks. "Persistent effect of sex ratios on relationship quality and life satisfaction." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, no. 1729 (July 31, 2017): 20160315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0315.
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Convict transportation to Australia imposed heavily male-biased sex ratios in some areas, altering the convict-era mating market and generating long-running cultural effects that persist to the present day. We test whether convict-era sex ratios have altered marital and overall life satisfaction today, through their persistent effects on gender norms and household bargaining. We find that both women and men are happier, and the happiness gap within married couples is smaller in areas where convict-era sex ratios were heavily male-biased than in areas where sex ratios were historically more even. We discuss our results in light of household bargaining theory, evolutionary sexual conflict theory and the well-documented relationship between conservative attitudes and self-reported happiness. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Adult sex ratios and reproductive decisions: a critical re-examination of sex differences in human and animal societies’.
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Pfennings, Lilian, Leo Cohen, Deborah Miller, Laurent Gerbaud, Luc Vleugels, Jenny Freeman, Didier Vernay, et al. "Using the Short Form-36 with Multiple Sclerosis Patients in Five Countries: A Cross-Cultural Comparison." Psychological Reports 85, no. 1 (August 1999): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1999.85.1.19.
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Questionnaires measuring health-related quality of life are increasingly used in international studies of medical effectiveness. It is important to know if data from these instruments are comparable across countries. We initiated a collaboration among five research groups—from the USA, The Netherlands, Belgium, France, and the UK—in the field of health-related quality of life in multiple sclerosis. All groups used the 36-item Short Form Health Survey. The goal of our study was to make a cross-cultural comparison. In the five countries under study the sample size varied from 50 to 134 patients with multiple sclerosis. The survey was completed by a total of 457 patients, who were heterogeneous in relation to age, duration of illness, severity and type of multiple sclerosis. There appeared to be major differences among the samples in scores on each of the eight scales. These findings may be influenced by differences in method of recruitment, demographic and disease-related characteristics, administration, and cultural factors. After having performed a number of analyses, it appeared that the differences were mainly attributable to sampling effects; however, cultural influences could not be excluded.
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Lopez, Julio Cu Farfan, Jesus Alberto Garcia Garcia, Yolanda Oliva Pena, and Gabriela Moran Delgado. "Quality of Life in Students From Four States of Mexico." International Research in Higher Education 4, no. 2 (March 30, 2019): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/irhe.v4n2p45.
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The objective of this work was to know the Quality of Life of young people of four states of Mexico with very marked cultural and geographical characteristics. To achieve the objective, the GENCAT Scale was used, proposed by Verdugo, Arias and others (2009) in which it is based on 8 sub scales: Emotional well-being, Interpersonal relationships, Material well-being, Personal development, Physical well-being, Self-determination, Social inclusion and Human rights. The sample was selected from a non-probabilistic sample of 620 young people. The instrument was validated with an item analysis in which it was obtained in Cronbach's alpha of 0.92. A comparative gender study was carried out and significant differences were found with the T test in four of the sub scales. It is concluded that young people perceive two spheres in their quality of life: the first from the personal factors is perceived very low, while the second, from the social or external factors is perceived with very high values. That is, when assessing the quality of life, young people are depersonalized, but with a high level of support from their context.
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Geckili, Onur. "Mandibular 2-Implant Overdentures Improve Oral Health-related Quality of Life More Than Conventional Dentures, But There Are Cultural Differences." Journal of Evidence Based Dental Practice 14, no. 3 (September 2014): 133–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jebdp.2014.07.004.
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Ortiz, Rocío, Juan Manuel Macias-Bernal, and Pilar Ortiz. "Vulnerability and buildings service life applied to preventive conservation in cultural heritage." International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 9, no. 1 (February 12, 2018): 31–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdrbe-11-2016-0047.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present research on vulnerability and service life indexes applied to cultural heritage buildings. The construction and rehabilitation industry is concerned with the maintenance of monuments and reducing the economic costs of urgent interventions by taking preventive conservation action in historic cities. By applying a vulnerability index or analyzing the service life of buildings, it is possible to reduce risk and optimize the identification, evaluation and prioritization of urgent monument restoration tasks in a city or a region to establish preventive conservation policies. Design/methodology/approach This research sets out the concepts of vulnerability and service life, focusing on their methodologies in comparison with other techniques for building diagnosis, discussing the differences between indexes that measure the vulnerability and service life of buildings. Findings The vulnerability of three churches in Seville (Spain) was studied by means of their vulnerability index, based on Delphi analysis, and the service life of these buildings was also assessed, based on artificial intelligence tools. Delphi and artificial intelligence tools allow us to compare and dovetail different scenarios and expert opinions. The degree of each monument’s conservation is defined as its vulnerability index, which is an indirect function of deterioration levels. The service life of buildings, on the other hand, includes the assessment of vulnerability and hazards. Practical implications This study is useful for stakeholders, including small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and policymakers, as an important reference on diagnosis, including updated, inexpensive and sustainable methodologies to manage the conservation of monuments, which are easy to implement in developed and developing countries. The application of vulnerability and/or service life indicators is crucial to ensuring the sustainability and improvement of maintenance carried out on cultural heritage buildings. Originality/value This study details new approaches based on artificial intelligence and Delphi analysis to prioritize preventive conservation actions in a city or region.
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Bakhtiari Moghaddam, Sogand, and Farhad Jomehri. "Cross-Cultural Comparison of Early Maladaptive Schemas, Resilience and Quality of Life in Students." Review of European Studies 8, no. 2 (May 22, 2016): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/res.v8n2p236.
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<p>This study compared early maladaptive schemas, resilience, and quality of life of Iranian and German students. This was a descriptive causal-comparative study. To this end, 100 German students and 100 Iranian students were selected using the cluster random sampling method and were evaluated using the research instruments. The instruments used included demographic questionnaire, and Yang’s Schema Questionnaire, the World Health Organization’s Quality of Life Questionnaire and Connor-Davidson’s Resilience Scale that are common instruments in psychology and their validity and reliability have been confirmed in various studies. Research data using multivariate analysis of variance and independent t-test were analyzed. Statistical analysis of the research hypotheses showed a significant difference in the early maladaptive schemas of Iranian and German students (p<0.05). However, there was no difference between resilience and quality of life of the Iranian and German students (p<0.05).</p>
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Opalic, Petar, and Natasa Femic. "Research of the quality of life of schizophrenic patients in Belgrade." Medical review 61, no. 11-12 (2008): 625–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0812625o.
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First of all, it was pointed to the specificity of the quality of life of psychiatric patients, primarily to the fact that the very poor mental state significantly reduces the life satisfaction. Then, an overview of results of general research of quality of life among schizophrenic patients was presented, in relation to their conditions of treatment, cultural setting, influence of socio-demographic and other factors. The very research was conducted on the sample of 80 subjects treated under the diagnosis of schizophrenia at the Institute of Mental Health in Belgrade - treated as out-patients in the day-hospital. The controls were 80 healthy subjects employed with a Health-care center in Belgrade. The statistical significance calculations of differences were related to replies to the instrument's questions - the instrument being a combination of Lancashire and Manchester Questionnaire. The questions referred to 15 features, classified according to five dimensions of quality of life (physical and medical; psychological and psychopathological; economic; relational and social; and axiological and transcendental dimension), and we arrived at the following: In terms of statistical significance, schizophrenic patients, in comparison to healthy controls confirmed taking medicaments significantly more often, that is, confirmed feeling as being chronic patients, suffering due to their bad disposition, fear and having hallucinations. The schizophrenic subjects, also confirmed something very interesting - that they were satisfied with their housing conditions and income. On the other hand, healthy controls, statistically speaking, replied significantly more often that they were satisfied with their sexual relations and relations with their friends, as well as that they were significantly more satisfied with their cultural and social activities. The results of our research were also commented on in relation to the social and other factors, and were compared to the results of similar researches.
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Oh, Jooseok. "Residential Mobility and Quality of Life between Metropolitan Areas: The Case of South Korea." Sustainability 12, no. 20 (October 17, 2020): 8611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12208611.
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This study investigated the theory of residential mobility in terms of quality of life, focusing on convenience and the urban environment. The evaluation items (e.g., the accessibility to infrastructure, security, the environment, and social relationships) were selected based on previous studies, and a one-way ANOVA was conducted. The Korea Housing Survey was used to obtain data on the evaluations of homeowners who migrated to Seoul (the capital of South Korea) and to the surrounding metropolitan area (Gyeong-in). The regression analysis identified the factors affecting the overall satisfaction with the two destinations. The group that had migrated from Gyeong-in to Seoul was more satisfied with the medical, public, cultural, and transportation facilities than the group that had migrated from Seoul to Gyeong-in. Differences were also found between the two groups in the factors affecting their overall satisfaction with the migration destination. Factors such as satisfaction with transportation, commercial facilities, and cultural facilities affected the overall satisfaction with both destinations. However, homeownership affected the dependent variables only in Gyeong-in. The implications for potential improvements to infrastructure and housing distribution are discussed.
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Strauss, Ronald P., and Carla Fenson. "Experiencing the “Good Life”: Literary Views of Craniofacial Conditions and Quality of Life." Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal 42, no. 1 (January 2005): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1597/03-097.1.1.
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Objective This article is a qualitative approach to understanding how people with craniofacial conditions see quality in their lives and how they understand the components of building a sense of well-being or goodness in their lives. Literary selections from fiction, Web sites, and first-person accounts are examined and categorized into domains and themes to offer some insight into how quality of life is built into the lives of people with craniofacial conditions. Three domains are noted: (1) a personality and psychological domain; (2) a family, work, and social interactive domain; and (3) a cultural and societal domain. Within each domain, a number of themes are noted and discussed. Quotes from affected people and their families are offered to illustrate how they respond to and alter their lives and their world views. Many adults with craniofacial conditions find ways to live with their difference and to succeed using the measures they construct.
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Nurbasari, Nadya Ayudiawati, Sharon Gondodiputro, and Lazuardhi Dwipa. "THE ELDERLY’S QUALITY of LIFE IN THE PANTI WERDHA AND THE COMMUNITY OF BANDUNG CITY: WHOQOL-BREF and WHOQOL-OLD Indonesian Version." Share : Social Work Journal 9, no. 2 (February 5, 2020): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/share.v9i2.25611.
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The inability of families to care for their elderly causes them to place the elderly in the Panti Werdhas. The elderly who move to a Panti Werdha usually have difficulties to adapt the new surroundings that can affect their quality of life. The World Health Organization (WHO) developed instruments to measure quality of life, a multidimensional and cross-cultural approach, namely WHO Quality of Life-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and WHO Quality of Life-OLD (WHOQOL-OLD). Both instruments have been translated into Indonesian language. The aim of the study was to analyze the differences in quality of life between the elderly who live in the Panti Werdhas and in the community. A cross-sectional analytic quantitative study was carried out from October to November 2019 at 5 Panti Werdhas and 6 public health centers (Puskesmas) in Bandung City, West Java, Indonesia. The total number of respondents in the Panti Werdha and at the Puskesmas as many as 42 respondents. The selection of respondents in the Panti Werdhas used purposive sampling, whereas in the puskesmas used consecutive sampling. The Chi-square or Fisher's Exact test was used to analyze the respondent's characteristics and the Mann-Whitney test was used to analyze differences in the quality of life. This study discovered that respondents living in the Panti Werdhas were older, not married/divorced and less educated compared to respondents in the community. The quality of life of the elderly in Panti Werdhas was lower compared to the elderly in the community for all dimensions (p=≤0.05) except the dimensions of death and dying (p=0.741). It can be concluded that there are differences in the quality of life between the elderly who live in Panti Werdhas and in the community except at the dimensions of death and dying.
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Buist, Kirsten L., Marjolein Verhoeven, René Hoksbergen, Jan ter Laak, Sujala Watve, and Analpa Paranjpe. "Associations of Perceived Sibling and Parent-Child Relationship Quality With Internalizing and Externalizing Problems: Comparing Indian and Dutch Early Adolescents." Journal of Early Adolescence 37, no. 8 (June 9, 2016): 1163–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0272431616653473.
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The aims of the present study were (a) to examine whether Dutch and Indian early adolescents differ concerning sibling and parent-child relationship quality and externalizing and internalizing problems, and (b) to compare the associations between sibling and parent-child relationship quality and externalizing and internalizing problems for Indian and Dutch early adolescents. Our sample consisted of 274 Dutch (mean age = 10.9 years) and 236 Indian early adolescents (mean age = 10.8 years). Questionnaires were administered in the final grades of 15 Dutch primary schools and six Indian English-language middle schools. Indian early adolescents reported more sibling warmth and parental negative interaction than Dutch early adolescents. However, associations between sibling and parent-child relationship quality and externalizing and internalizing problems were similar. Our study indicates that cross-cultural differences may exist in quality of sibling and parent-child relationships, but not in their impact on externalizing and internalizing problems. More cross-cultural research concerning family relationship quality and its impact on early adolescent psychosocial development is needed to confirm our findings.
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Nell, Terril A. "Production Factors Affecting the Longevity and Quality of Flowering Plants." HortScience 30, no. 4 (July 1995): 750G—751. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.30.4.750g.
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The quality and longevity of flowering potted plants and cut flowers are affected by the cultivar grown and cultural practices used during production. Preharvest factors may account for 70% of the life of flowering plants. Longevity is directly related to the cultivar grown. In potted chrysanthemums, longevity has been increased by 100% by carefully selecting a long-lasting variety. Cultural factors, such as fertilization practices, may increase longevity by 40% to 50%. Chrysanthemums grown without fertilizer during the final 3 weeks of production lasted 10 to 14 days longer than plants receiving fertilizer for the entire crop. Flower and plant quality is influenced by cultivar and cultural practices. Poinsettia bract edge burn, a marginal burn or spotting on the bracts, appears to be caused by a calcium deficiency that may be triggered by use of cool day temperatures or warm night temperatures and use of cultivars sensitive to this disorder. Light compensation point and carbohydrate status of the plant at flowering have not been related to differences observed in flower longevity and quality.
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Chen, Huixi, Silvia Vannuccini, Tommaso Capezzuoli, Marcello Ceccaroni, Liu Mubiao, Huang Shuting, Yanting Wu, Hefeng Huang, and Felice Petraglia. "Comorbidities and Quality of Life in Women Undergoing First Surgery for Endometriosis: Differences Between Chinese and Italian Population." Reproductive Sciences 28, no. 8 (March 9, 2021): 2359–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43032-021-00487-5.
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AbstractAn observational cross-sectional study was conducted in a group (n = 371) of fertile age women with endometriosis, by administering a structured questionnaire, in order to evaluate the incidence of gynecological and systemic comorbidities and the impact on quality of life (QoL) in two different groups of Italian and Chinese patients affected by endometriosis. Chinese (n = 175) and Italian (n = 196) women were compared regarding systemic (inflammatory, autoimmune, and mental) and gynecological comorbidities, pain symptoms, and QoL, by using the Short Form 12 (SF-12). Italian patients resulted younger at the diagnosis and suffered more frequently from severe pain than Chinese ones. Deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE) and mixed phenotypes were more frequent in Italian patients, whereas ovarian (OMA) and superficial endometriosis (SUP) were more common in the Chinese. The Italian group showed more systemic comorbidities, and those disorder were already present before the diagnosis of endometriosis. Furthermore, the Italian group showed lower SF-12 physical and mental scores, suggesting a worse health-related QoL in Italian endometriotic patients. A number of differences has been observed between Italian and Chinese women with endometriosis in terms of comorbidities and QoL, which may be related to the ethnicity, the different health system organization and the social and cultural background.
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Ružena Popović, Evdokia Samouilidou, Jasna Popović, and Milan Dolga. "Assessment of the Quality of Life, Health, and Social Wellness in Upper Elementary School Students: Cross-Cultural and Gender Specificity." Britain International of Humanities and Social Sciences (BIoHS) Journal 2, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/biohs.v2i1.158.
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The objective of this study is a comparative analysis of the possibilities of physical education (PE) inclusion in children with health problems, and the current status in upper elementary school boys and girls. Understanding the concept of impaired health is a precondition for the realization of the training process and possible integration in the process of PE, according to the structure of health disadvantages. Method. Quality of life was assessed with the Questionnaire (Q), and analysis was done at three levels, with adequate methods of evaluation. Results. Comparative analysis, regarding the cultural and gender specificities is elaborated, based on MANOVA and DISCRA analysis, within the Introductory part, and 11 scales of the Q. Conclusion. Analysis of data points out on the significant cross-cultural differences, considering survey results, with a special overview of total samples of respondents (boys/girls) from diverse cultural, and social backgrounds.
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Chen, Mei-Lan, Jie Hu, Thomas P. McCoy, Susan Letvak, and Luba Ivanov. "Effect of a Lifestyle-Based Intervention on Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Hypertension." Journal of Aging Research 2018 (2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6059560.
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The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a six-month lifestyle-based intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in older adults with hypertension. A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial was conducted to test the differences between the intervention and control groups on HRQOL (N=196). The results indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the intervention and control groups on change in HRQOL, but the final regression models were statistically significant. SF-36 mental component summary (MCS) score at baseline, stress at baseline, and change in stress were significant predictors for predicting change in the SF-36 MCS. SF-36 physical component summary (PCS) at baseline and change in stress were significant predictors for predicting change in the SF-36 PCS. The findings suggest that the development of an effective intervention in improving HRQOL should be considered within individual, interpersonal, societal, and cultural factors for future research and clinical practice.
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Zebua, Idar Sri Afriyanti, Abdul Munir, and Irna Minauli. "Healthy lifestyle module for improving the quality of life of chronic kidney disease patients." INSPIRA: Indonesian Journal of Psychological Research 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 22–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32505/inspira.v2i1.3076.
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Changing lifestyle or habits means changing one’s perspective and changing their paradigm. The arrangement of good behavior through the provision of healthy lifestyle modules to patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy should be supported with high motivation. The study aims to find out the effect of providing healthy lifestyle modules and motivation to improve the quality of life of patients. This study is an experimental quasi-research with a 2x2 factorial design involving a sample of 30 chronic kidney disease patients undergoing hemodialysis therapy at Rumah Sakit Khusus Ginjal Rasyida Medan, North Sumatra Indonesia. Through the analysis of multiple linear regression analysis, the results showed a significant influence between the provision of healthy lifestyle modules on improving quality of life. Other findings suggest differences in quality of life between patients with high motivation levels and low-motivated patients. This study proposes further studies to examine the effectiveness of modules and improve quality of life against different patient cultural backgrounds.
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Katiyar, Vatsala, Ishaan Vohra, Sindhu Janarthanam Malapati, Sunny Singh, Prasanth Lingamaneni, Orlanda Mackie, and Ruhi Shariff. "Cultural disparities in end-of-life choices and advanced care planning in cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2019): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.31_suppl.3.
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3 Background: Integration of palliative care early in treatment of malignancy improves quality of life and curbs non-beneficial end of life care. However, there are differences in utilization of palliative services based on cultural background. We aim to identify such differences in a safety net hospital with adiverse patient population. Methods: This is a single institution retrospective study of adults with cancer who had inpatient palliative care encounter (PCE) between 2012-2017. A representative sample of 130 patients from 7 major ethnicities was included. Statistical analysis was performed using STATA. Results: Only 8.4% of all patients had a preceding outpatient PCE. Very few patients had advance directives prior to PCE (range 0-30% for individual ethnicities). As a reflection of their challenging social situation, 5.3% were homeless, 76.1% lived in someone else’s home, <10% had English as primary language (except Caucasian American and African American.) Healthcare utilization in the last 3 months of life varied widely between groups- maximum was in African American and Hispanic patients with ≥3 emergency room visits in 30% and 25% respectively. Table with time to important endpoints and setting of death is attached. Conclusions: Palliative service was involved very late in care, with most having significant challenges to complex care discussions including lack of social support and language barrier. Setting of death (ICU versus home) varied by ethnicity, and some groups had high utilization of aggressive end of life care. Understanding the underlying cultural intricacies leading to these choices will help physicians better navigate care and should be a future focus of study. [Table: see text]
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Nesterko, Yuriy, Natalie Ulitsa, Michael Friedrich, and Heide Glaesmer. "Do They Feel the Same Way? Health-Related Quality of Life and Satisfaction With Life in Jewish Immigrants From the Former Soviet Union in Germany and Israel." Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 49, no. 4 (March 26, 2018): 618–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022022118759223.
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There is consensus that experiences gained during immigration have an impact on health status. However, studies comparing health-related outcomes in homogeneous groups of immigrants living in different host countries are rare. In a sample of Jewish immigrants from the Former Soviet Union (FSU) in two different host countries, Germany and Israel, possible predictors of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and satisfaction with life (SWL) were examined. In total, 359 Jewish immigrants from the FSU living in Germany ( n = 180) and Israel ( n = 179) completed the questionnaire measuring immigration-related and sociodemographic characteristics. HRQoL was assessed via Short Form Health Survey Version 2 (SF-12v2), and SWL via Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS). Hierarchical linear regression models were applied for analyzing immigration-related and sociodemographic predictors of HRQoL and SWL. Participants living in Israel scored higher on HRQoL, and no differences were found concerning SWL ratings. However, no direct influences of the host country were detected by predicting HRQoL and SWL scores. In both subgroups, immigration-related factors such as perceived discrimination or level of integration were found as significant predictors. In the face of different immigration waves in the host countries, Germany and Israel, the results display similarities rather than differences between the groups concerning the sociodemographic and immigration-related predictors on HRQoL and SWL. The findings using cross-cultural analysis level underscore the need of much more detailed future research on this issue.
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Kinikli, Gizem Irem, Derya Celik, Ozgur Ahmet Atay, and Inci Yuksel. "Anterior Cruciate Ligament Quality of Life Questionnaire." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 2, no. 11_suppl3 (November 1, 2014): 2325967114S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967114s00143.
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Objectives: Despite a number of questionnaires in the area of ACL injuries there is a need for cross-cultural adaptation for patients with ACL reconstruction (ACL-R). To test the measurement properties of the Turkish version of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament Quality of Life Questionnaire (ACL-QOL). Methods: One-hundred nineteen patients with ACL-R completed internal consistency, agreement, construct validity, floor and ceiling effect analyses. Eighty out of 119 patients with ACL-R completed the Turkish adapted version of the ACL-QOL questionnaire twice for the test-retest reliability. A subgroup of thirty-nine patients undergoing physiotherapy were also asked to answer the ACL-QOL questionnaire, the Lysholm knee scale (LKS), Knee Outcome Survey – Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) and the Short Form-36 (SF-36) at preoperative, 16th week and 2 years post-operatively to assess responsiveness. Results: The questionnaire had high internal consistency (Cronbach α=.95). The paired t-test showed no significant difference between the test-retest means. The intraclass correlation was excellent for reliability and agreement in five domains and overall score (ICC: 0.95, 0.95, 0.97, 0.95, 0.96, and 0.95; p<0.001). The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minumum detectable change (MDC95) were found to be 3.14 points and 8.70 points, respectively. The questionnaire showed a fair correlation (r=0.23) with (LKS) and a poor correlation (r=0.14) with (KOS-ADLS); good and very good construct validity (r=0.51, r=0.62) with SF-36 physical component score and mental component score, respectively. We observed no ceiling and floor effects overall on the ACL-QOL questionnaire except the subdomain of “work-related concerns” (22.9%). The responsiveness demonstrated a dramatic effect size of 2.12 at the 16th week and large effect size of 0.97 at 2 years follow-up. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the ACL-QOL questionnaire is a reproducible and responsive instrument that can be used in clinical studies.
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Arlianti, Nopa, Wardiati Wardiati, and Humairah Lutfia. "THE DIFFERENCE IN QUALITY OF LIFE AMONG THE ELDERLY LIVING IN COMMUNITIES AND NURSING HOME RUMOH SEUJAHTERA GEUNASEH SAYANG IN BANDA ACEH." Jukema (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Aceh) 7, no. 1 (July 1, 2021): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37598/jukema.v7i1.1071.
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Background: The increase in the number of elderly in the world causes a variety of problems, one of which is the low quality of life of the elderly which is influenced by several factors such as housing factors, physical and psychological conditions, and social and cultural factors. This study aims to find out the difference in the quality of life of elderly people living in communities and living in nursing home. Methods: This study uses cross-sectional design with a population consists of 2 groups, namely the elderly living in the communities and nursing home. The elderly sample in the nursing home is determined by the total method of the population. While sampling elderly samples in the communities using purposive sampling method with a sample ratio 1:1. Data collection was conducted by interview using the WHOQOL-Bref questionnaire. Univariate and bivariate analysis was used to analyze the data and t-test independent was utilized to examine the difference in the quality of life among studied groups. Result: The results showed that the average age of the elderly living in the nursing home was younger, and majority of respondents did not graduate from elementary school. Univariate analysis shows that elderly people living in the nursing home have a better quality of life compared to the elderly living in the community. Bivariate analysis showed that there is a significant differences between the quality of life of eldery people living in nursing home and in the community, both from the physical domain of the eldery (p-value: 0.0003), the psychological domain (p-value: 0.0349), the social domain (p-value: 0.0001), and the environmental domain (p-value: 0.0001). Recommandation: Efforts to improve the elderly’s quality of life are required to be done by families, communities, and governments. Thus, the elderly can go through their old age in a healthy, safe and comfortable manner.
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Atrash, Hani K. "Health Disparities: Challenges, Opportunities, and What You Can Do About It." Journal of Human Growth and Development 28, no. 3 (November 28, 2018): 223–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.152156.
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Racial disparities in health outcomes, access to health care, insurance coverage, and quality of care in the United States have existed for many years. The Development and implementation of effective strategies to reduce or eliminate health disparities are hindered by our inability to accurately assess the extent and types of health disparities due to the limited availability of race/ethnicity-specific information, the limited reliability of existing data and information, and the increasing diversity of the American population. Variations in racial and ethnic classification used to collect data hinders the ability to obtain reliable and accurate health-indicator rates and in some instances cause bias in estimating the race/ethnicity-specific health measures. In 1978, The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) issued "Directive 15" titled "Race and Ethnic Standards for Federal Statistics and Administrative Reporting" and provided a set of clear guidelines for classifying people by race and ethnicity. Access to health care, behavioral and psychosocial factors as well as cultural differences contribute to the racial and ethnic variations that exist in a person’s health. To help eliminate health disparities, we must ensure equal access to health care services as well as quality of care. Health care providers must become culturally competent and understand the differences that exist among the people they serve in order to eliminate disparities. Enhancement of data collection systems is essential for developing and implementing interventions targeted to deal with population-specific problems. Developing comprehensive and multi-level programs to eliminate healthcare disparities requires coordination and collaboration between the public (Local, state and federal health departments), private (Health Insurance companies, private health care providers), and professional (Physicians, nurses, pharmacists, laboratories, etc) sectors.
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Ladak, Laila A., Robyn Gallagher, Babar S. Hasan, Khadija Awais, Ahmed Abdullah, and Janice Gullick. "Health-related quality of life in adult CHD surgical patients in a low middle-income country: a mixed-methods study." Cardiology in the Young 30, no. 8 (June 23, 2020): 1126–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047951120001663.
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AbstractBackground and objectives:This mixed-methods study aimed to assess health-related quality of life in young adults with CHD following surgery in a low middle-income country, Pakistan. Despite the knowledge that geographic, cultural and socio-economic factors may shape the way health and illness is experienced and managed and consequently determine a person’s health-related quality of life, few health-related quality of life studies are conducted in low middle-income countries. This deficit is pronounced in CHD, so there is little guidance for patient care.Methods:The study utilised concurrent, mixed methods. Adults with CHD (n = 59) completed health-related quality of life surveys (PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scale, PedsQLTM Cognitive Functioning Scale and PedsQLTM 3.0 Cardiac Module). Semi-structured interview data were collected from a nested sub-sample of 17 participants and analysed using qualitative content analysis, guided by the revised Wilson–Cleary model of health-related quality of life.Results:The lowest health-related quality of life domain was emotional with the mean score (71.61 ± 20.6), followed by physical (78.81 ± 21.18) and heart problem (79.41 ± 18.05). There was no statistical difference in general or cardiac-specific health-related quality of life between mild, moderate or complex CHD. Qualitative findings suggested low health-related quality of life arose from a reduced capacity to contribute to family life including family income and gender. A sense of reduced marriageability and fear of dependency were important socio-cultural considerations.Conclusions:CHD surgical patients in this low-income country experience poor health-related quality of life, and contributing factors differ to those reported for high-income countries. Socio-cultural understandings should underpin assessment, management and care-partnering with young adults with CHD following surgical correction.
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Penders, Yolanda WH, Bregje Onwuteaka-Philipsen, Sarah Moreels, Gé A. Donker, Guido Miccinesi, Tomás Vega Alonso, Luc Deliens, and Lieve Van den Block. "Differences in primary palliative care between people with organ failure and people with cancer: An international mortality follow-back study using quality indicators." Palliative Medicine 32, no. 9 (July 30, 2018): 1498–508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216318790386.
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Background: Measuring the quality of palliative care in a systematic way using quality indicators can illuminate differences between patient groups. Aim: To investigate differences in the quality of palliative care in primary care between people who died of cancer and people who died of organ failure. Design: Mortality follow-back survey among general practitioners in Belgium, the Netherlands, and Spain (2013–2014), and Italy (2013–2015). A standardized registration form was used to construct quality indicators regarding regular pain measurement, acceptance of the approaching end of life, communication about disease-related topics with patient and next-of-kin; repeated multidisciplinary consultations; involvement of specialized palliative care; place of death; and bereavement counseling. Setting/participants: Patients (18+) who died non-suddenly of cancer, cardiovascular disease, or respiratory disease ( n = 2360). Results: In all countries, people who died of cancer scored higher on the quality indicators than people who died of organ failure, particularly with regard to pain measurement (between 17 and 35 percentage-point difference in the different countries), the involvement of specialized palliative care (between 20 and 54 percentage points), and regular multidisciplinary meetings (between 12 and 24 percentage points). The differences between the patient groups varied by country, with Belgium showing most group differences (eight out of nine indicators) and Spain the fewest (two out of nine indicators). Conclusion: People who died of organ failure are at risk of receiving lower quality palliative care than people who died of cancer, but the differences vary per country. Initiatives to improve palliative care should have different priorities depending on the healthcare and cultural context.
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Tomás-Sábado, Joaquín, and Juana Gómez-Benito. "Note on Death Anxiety in Spain and Five Arab Countries." Psychological Reports 95, no. 3_suppl (December 2004): 1239–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.95.3f.1239-1240.
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Comparison of scores on Templer's Death Anxiety Scale for samples of students in Spain and five Arab countries indicated that, in general, the students in Arab countries scored higher than the Spanish students. Similar results were obtained for other measures of death anxiety. Such differences may be associated with social factors including religiosity, the cultural meaning of death, and quality of life.
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Alemu, Sisay, Tanneke Herklots, Josue Almansa, Shadya Mbarouk, Esther Sulkers, Jelle Stekelenburg, Janine de Zeeuw, Benoit Jacod, and Regien Biesma. "Mental Health and Quality of Life of Women One Year after Maternal Near-Miss in Low and Middle-Income Countries: The Case of Zanzibar, Tanzania." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 23 (December 3, 2020): 9034. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17239034.
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Women who experienced a maternal near-miss are at risk of mental health complications and lower quality of life, but long-term consequences are largely unknown. The aim of this study is to assess whether mental health symptoms and quality of life change over time and to examine associations with risk factors among post-partum women. In this cohort study, women with maternal near-miss were matched to women without or with mild complications at Mnazi Mmoja Hospital in Zanzibar. Depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms, and quality of life were measured at three, six, and twelve-months follow-up. A linear mixed-effects model was used for data analysis. Postpartum women in Zanzibar reported low levels of depressive and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms. While depressive symptoms and quality of life trajectories were similar among women with and without maternal near-miss, differences for trajectories of post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms and physical quality of life were found. Social support, perinatal loss, and intercurrent illness were strongly associated with both depressive symptoms and quality of life in this group of Islamic women. These findings suggest that social support, embedded in the cultural context, should be considered in helping women cope with mental health issues in the aftermath of severe maternal complications.
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Yadav, Mohit, and Mohammad Faraz Naim. "Searching for quality in the Quality of work life: an Indian power sector perspective." Industrial and Commercial Training 49, no. 4 (April 3, 2017): 164–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ict-01-2017-0003.
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Purpose Inspired by India’s focus in the 11th and 12th Five Year Plans on fulfilling the surging energy needs, the purpose of this paper is to capture the Quality of work life (QWL) in the Indian power sector. Design/methodology/approach QWL measured with seven dimensions was validated with CFA, and the χ2 difference test based on the Bonferroni method (Simes, 1986) was used for discriminant validity. Individual processes were analyzed with correlation analysis and ANOVA. The influencers of QWL in three processes were compared with standardized coefficients and model fit indices. Findings Freedom from work-related stress, salary, relationship with work colleagues, job security and communication and job satisfaction positively influenced QWL. Supervisor support was not found to influence QWL, while job involvement was found to negatively influence QWL. Research limitations/implications The scope of this study is limited to India, however, and results may not generalize to other countries. Hence, future studies should replicate the study in power sector or allied manufacturing sector in different cultural settings. Another limitation lies in its relatively small sample size; therefore, generalizability of the results may be restricted. Practical implications The findings provide useful information to assist HR managers in improving the QWL among Indian power sector employees. Originality/value The study is one of the first studies to date to empirically examine the QWL among Indian power sector employees.
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Ilynykh, Svetlana. "Life-World of Metropolis: Specifics of Gender Perception." Logos et Praxis, no. 4 (March 2020): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/lp.jvolsu.2019.4.6.
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The article discusses the view of a metropolis, due to the formation of metropolis identity. This identity is associated with a complex of sociocultural, socio-psychological processes, including the process of socialization in a big city. In a metropolis, patriarchal stereotypes are manifested to a lesser extent than in small cities, which contribute to a more rigid consolidation of gender roles. There is a smoothing of the gender aspects of consciousness. This situation is due to the fact that, on the one hand, the socialization of residents of megacities, as well as residents of other territories, occurs within the framework of gender culture. But, on the other hand, residents of megacities in everyday life are much more likely to encounter practices that go beyond the framework of the traditional socio-gender system. The paper provides empirical examples illustrating the characteristics of a metropolitan identity. Gender smoothing is taking place when evaluating the activities of educational and cultural institutions. Approximately equal shares of men and women assess the activities of educational and cultural institutions as high-level work. The low -level work of educational and cultural institutions is also estimated by men and women in approximately equal proportions. The results of the study show that men living in megacities stand in solidarity with women in their assessments. This may indicate that men and women are equally involved in raising children, which reflects the process of smoothing out gender stereotypes. No gender differences were also found when studying respondents' assessments of certain aspects of the social sphere. It is shown that the gender aspects of consciousness remain when assessing the sphere of health care. Significant differences in assessments of health care institutions exist when studying the question of satisfaction with the quality of state medical services, the availability of medical care and the work of ambulances. It is concluded that the smoothing of the gender aspects of consciousness is caused not only by personal characteristics but also by the individual living in a big city.
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Franco, Amanda, and Leandro da Silva Almeida. "Real-World Outcomes and Critical Thinking: Differential Analysis by Academic Major and Gender." Paidéia (Ribeirão Preto) 25, no. 61 (August 2015): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-43272561201505.
Full textAbstract:
The Real-World Outcomes is an inventory that measures everyday problematic behaviors that represent decisions where critical thinking is presumably absent; assessing the negative outcomes of poor daily decisions helps to infer the degree of critical thinking that mediates everyday reasoning. In the present paper, we describe the process of translation and cultural adaptation of this inventory to Portuguese. We present evidence of its administration to 259 college students concerning reliability, and differences based on academic major and gender. No statistically significant differences were found, either due to academic major or gender. Results suggest the value of this instrument to assessing daily decision making and life outcomes, and also, to estimate the quality of critical thinking in everyday life.
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Roth, Dana, and Ivan Brown. "Families raising a child with disability – Social and cultural and political considerations: Israeli Jewish and Arab Families." Men Disability Society 4, no. 38 (December 31, 2017): 5–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0325.
Full textAbstract:
Social, political, and cultural realities have an effect on all members of society. For families with a child with disability there are additional challenges. Being a minority family with a child with a disability adds to the challenges. This study compares the family quality of life (FQOL) of families with a child with disability in Jewish and Arab communities in Israel. Main caregivers of children with disabilities of 158 Jewish and 105 Arab Israeli responded to the Family Quality of Life Survey, which operationalizes FQOL as a construct of six measurement dimensions in nine core family life domains. Overall, Jewish families in Israel reported higher FQOL than Arab families. Although eight of the nine domains were rated highly for Importance, the main outcome measures Attainment and Satisfaction were rated lower for almost all domains. Some domains contributed to overall differences more than others. The patterns also differed for the Jewish and Arab families. Social/cultural/political status of families are important for policy and practice professionals to consider as having possible impact on the family of a child with a disability. Further research is needed to develop application models for addressing the needs of minority populations in designing programs into the general service delivery system.