Dissertations / Theses: 'Quality of life – United States – Statistics'

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August, Debra S. "Army life v. life in the Army the relationship between quality of life program utilization and army career intentions /." Santa Monica, CA : Rand, 1996. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/34619150.html.

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Cardona, Laura A. "Understanding Quality of Life in Older Adults." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28402/.

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I analyzed the 2004 and 2006 Health and Retirement Study data to test structural equation models of the quality of life (QOL) construct. The participants (N = 1352) were non-institutionalized individuals aged 42 and older (M = 65.70, SD = 10.88), with an average education of 12.73 years (SD = 2.96) and of varied ethnicities. The results indicated that physical functioning, affective experience, life satisfaction and social support could serve as indicators for a second order QOL factor. Furthermore, the developed QOL model explained 96% of the variance of the CASP-19 (Control, Autonomy, Self-realization and Pleasure), a QOL measure that reflects fulfillment of psychological needs. The results also indicated that Depression and Life Satisfaction are related through reciprocal causation and that Physical Functioning is more likely to cause a change in Depression than the reverse. The results suggest that QOL is a complex, multidimensional concept that should be studied at different levels of analysis.

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Ingle, William Von. "Life for the city : evaluating the pedestrian quality of the street." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23778.

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Smith, Elaine S. "Quality of life and nutritional risk in elderly home-delivered meal recipients and non-recipients." Virtual Press, 1999. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1154781.

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This study evaluated the impact of receiving a home-delivered meal on the quality of life and nutritional risk of elders who were unable to attend congregate meal sites and who were unable to safely prepare a hot meal. Forty-three subjects on a waiting list were matched with a group currently receiving home-delivered meals. Matching criteria were functional needs measure, age, gender, and living arrangement.Home visits were conducted to collect the data and verify demographic information. Nutritional risk was assessed by the Nutrition Screening Initiative's Determine Checklist. Quality of life was measured across various domains including a global quality of life self-rating, mental health appraisal, functional ability, and food enjoyment. Two tailed t-tests failed to show differences in quality of life and nutritional risk between the groups at the 0.05 level of significance.In addition, the study reviewed the resources for meal preparation and grocery shopping possessed by the meal non-recipients that allowed them to remain at home without a meal provided. A significant difference was seen in the number of resources reported for meal preparation assistance with the meal non-recipient group reporting more informal resources.
Department of Family and Consumer Sciences

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Lancaster, Lydia Anne. "Longitudinal Effects of Surgical Orthodontics Treatment on Quality of Life in a United States Population." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1553856528855052.

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Fletcher, Rickie D. "Rural-urban differences in subjective psychological well-being in the United States." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/454455.

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This study looked at people's self-reports of satisfaction with various aspects of life and personal happiness. The sample was divided into three categories regarding the size of the community of the respondent: rural, urban and large urban. Similarly to other studies of this nature, we found that rural people expressed higher levels of subjective psychological wellbeing than did people who live in urban and large urban communities. The concept of social desirability was incorporated into this paper. A rather large percentage of all three categories (rural, urban and large urban) of respondents, across a wide range of demographic characteristics (such as age, sex, race, etc.), indicated substantial amounts of satisfaction and happiness. This seems partially due to the fact that people have a tendency to give very positive answers to questions regarding subjective psychological well-being. In other words, it is socially desirable to indicate that one is satisfied and happy with various aspects of one's life; while it is socially undesirable to indicate that one is dissatisfied or unhappy.

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Shareef, Reginald A. T. "Assessing organizational change: quality of work life interventions in the United States Postal Service." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/54419.

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Because of the changing nature of our society, it is agreed by scholars and practitioners that both private and public organizations face many uncertainties. Diverse solutions have been advanced to remedy these organizational maladies. One of the most popular solutions, theoretical and applied, has been the utilization of Quality of WorkLife (QWL) interventions. The position taken in this dissertation is that in spite of the glowing testimonials about the effectiveness of QWL applications, it is still difficult to reach any definitive conclusions pertaining to the success(es) of this approach to the organizational change process. Previous research has offered little empirical data to support many of the theoretical assumptions QWL is based on. Furthermore, most organizations have utilized the human relations conceptual framework (i.e., satisfaction causes performance) to describe the implementation and diffusion of the QWL process. Indeed, the organization evaluated in this study utilized this approach in its QWL endeavor. However, this investigation endorses a different concept, subsystems congruence, to achieve the institutionalization of QWL. A growing body of research literature strongly suggests that this integrated approach offers the best model for successful QWL intervention. Enhancing our understanding of QWL applications and processes is the focus of this study. This knowledge is necessary so organizational leaders, consultants, and academicians will better understand the nature and complexity of implementing, evaluating and institutionalizing various QWL interventions.
Ph. D.

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Edwards, Douglas W. "Impact of quality of life on the reenlistment intentions of junior enlisted United States marines." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/6069.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
The purpose of this thesis was to investigate the impact of Quality of Life (QOL) programs and QOL domains on the reenlistment intentions of junior enlisted United States Marines. Data were extracted from the FY 2001 USMC Retention Survey. The data set was restricted to junior enlisted Marines in paygrades E2 through E4 with Active Duty Base Dates of calendar year 1998 and 1999 and was further stratified by gender. A complete conceptual model for reenlistment was developed which incorporated demographic characteristics, QOL programs, QOL domains, and civilian employment opportunities. Cross-tabulations of survey responses were performed by gender, race, marital status, and geographic location. Logit maximum likelihood estimation techniques were used to determine the marginal and percentage effects of QOL programs and QOL domains. The results confirm previous research in this area.

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Parkhomenko, Daria. "Quality of Life and Migration Experiences among Russian Speaking Immigrants to the United States of America." Thesis, The Chicago School of Professional Psychology, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3709268.

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This study was an exploration of factors that impact the perceived quality of life among Russian-speaking immigrants in the United States. Specifically, the study was designed to investigate what type of relationship (if any) exists (direction and strength) between one’s desire to immigrate, sense of having a choice, the accuracy of preimmigration expectations, and quality of life after immigration. This researcher sought to understand whether desire and choice to immigrate and accuracy of one’s expectations about immigration as measured by a survey can significantly predict changes in quality of life as measured by Q-LES-Q-18 (in general and in its facets). This research question was examined using a series of multiple regressions. Post hoc studies included an examination of the relationship between quality of life as measured by participant responses to the Q-LES-Q-18 and subjective happiness, as measured by modified SHS. Posthoc analyses further explored relationships between demographic factors, income, language fluency, relationship status, and other variables with quality of life after immigration. Finally, open-ended questions were used to provide pertinent narrative to help explain the conclusions gathered from quantitative data. The perceived accuracy of expectations about immigration was found to be a major predictor of quality of life after immigration. It had unique, significant contributions to the prediction of physical heath, subjective feelings, leisure time, and general activities aspects of quality of life. Quality of life in all of its aspects was highly connected to ability to use the language (speak, understand, and communicate) of the dominant culture. Income strongly and positively correlated with participants’ subjective feelings, general activity, and life satisfaction.

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Perry, MacKenna Laine. "Supervisor-Specific Outcomes of a Work-Family Intervention: Evidence from the Work, Family, & Health Study." PDXScholar, 2015. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2509.

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Workplace interventions provide a practical and important means of providing support for employees' work-family needs. However, work-family interventions are rare and are generally not thoroughly evaluated. The current study seeks to better understand the impacts of STAR ("Support. Transform. Achieve. Results."), the large-scale work-family intervention developed and implemented by the Work, Family, & Health Network (see Bray et al., 2013). Drawing on Conservation of Resources theory (Hobfoll, 1989), this study examines supervisors' participation in STAR through assessment of three primary supervisor-specific outcomes: training-related views and behaviors, well-being, and the work-family interface. The sample, consisting of 184 supervisors from 30 extended-care facilities throughout the northeastern United States, comes from archival data that were collected by the Work, Family, & Health Network. Results show a lack of support for STAR intervention effects on supervisor-level outcomes. Despite the lack of statistically significant effects on supervisors, it is important to note the lack of iatrogenic effects, indicating that participation in the STAR intervention did not harm supervisor outcomes. Implications, future directions, and limitations of the study are discussed.

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Mollon, Lea, and Sandipan Bhattacharjee. "Health related quality of life among myocardial infarction survivors in the United States: a propensity score matched analysis." BIOMED CENTRAL LTD, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626436.

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Background: Little is known regarding the health-related quality of life among myocardial infarction (MI) survivors in the United States. The purpose of this population-based study was to identify differences in health-related quality of life domains between MI survivors and propensity score matched controls. Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional matched case-control study examined differences in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among MI survivors of myocardial infarction compared to propensity score matched controls using data from the 2015 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. Propensity scores were generated via logistic regression for MI survivors and controls based on gender, race/ethnicity, age, body mass index (BMI), smoking status, and comorbidities. Chi-square tests were used to compare differences between MI survivors to controls for demographic variables. A multivariate analysis of HRQoL domains estimated odds ratios. Life satisfaction, sleep quality, and activity limitations were estimated using binary logistic regression. Social support, perceived general health, perceived physical health, and perceived mental health were estimated using multinomial logistic regression. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: The final sample consisted of 16,729 MI survivors matched to 50,187 controls (n = 66,916). Survivors were approximately 2.7 times more likely to report fair/poor general health compared to control (AOR = 2.72, 95% CI: 2. 43-3.05) and 1.5 times more likely to report limitations to daily activities (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.34-1.59). Survivors were more likely to report poor physical health > 15 days in the month (AOR = 1.63, 95% CI: 1.46-1.83) and poor mental health > 15 days in the month (AOR = 1.25, 95% CI: 1.07-1.46) compared to matched controls. There was no difference in survivors compared to controls in level of emotional support (rarely/never: AOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.48-1. 18; sometimes: AOR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.41-1.28), hours of recommended sleep (AOR = 1.14, 95% CI: 0.94-1.38), or life satisfaction (AOR = 1.62, 95% CI: 0.99-2.63). Conclusion: MI survivors experienced lower HRQoL on domains of general health, physical health, daily activity, and mental health compared to the general population.

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UCHENDU, OGECHUKWU, Sheryl Strasser, Phani Veeranki, and Shimin L. Zheng. "Cardiovascular disease and its role on general health of the adult population in the United States." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/24.

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Background: Despite the ongoing pandemic attributed to an infectious disease (SAR-CoV-2), non-infectious diseases-primarily cardiovascular diseases (CVD) remain the leading cause of death globally accounting for 655,000 annual deaths in the United States (U.S.). Additionally, CVD significantly impacts the quality of life attributing to total healthcare expenditure of $214 billion per year, of which $138 billion are attributed to the loss of productivity due to poor quality of life. The study's purpose is to assess the impact of CVD on the general health of adults in the U.S. Question: What is the effect of CVD including angina, coronary heart disease, heart attack, and stroke on the general health of adults residing in the U.S.? Methods: Study data included 418,268 adults who participated in the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) during 2019. The study outcome was general health status of U.S. adults categorized into excellent, very good, good, fair, and poor groups. Predictor variables included responses to the diagnosis of angina/coronary heart disease (CHD), heart attack (HD), and stroke during the respective years Other covariates included participants' demographics (age, education, and annual household income). Logistic regression models were conducted to estimate the association of CVD and other covariates with general health of U.S. adults adjusting for other confounders. Results: After applying the study criteria, the final study sample included 355,391 participants. Poor general health status was reported among 83,882 study participants (19.6%). The odds of reporting a poor general health status were 2.7 times (adjusted OR (aOR) 2.70, 95% CI 2.56-2.78), 2 times (aOR: 2.04, 95% CI 1.96-2.08), and 2.6 times (aOR 2.56, 95% CI 2.50-2.70) more likely among participants who had CHD, HD, and stroke respectively compared to participants who did not have such conditions. The odds of reporting a poor general health status was 4% less likely among males compared to females (aOR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.98). For every 5-year increase in age, the odds reporting poor general health status increased by 5% (aOR: 1.05, 95% CI 1.045-1.052). Participants earning $50,000 or more income were 68% less likely to report poor general health status compared with those earning less than $50,000 (aOR: 0.32, 95% CI 0.31- 0.33). Furthermore, participants with above high school education were 42% less likely to indicate poor general health status than those with high school or less education (aOR: 0.58, 95% CI 0.57-0.59). Conclusion: The study findings provide subjective evidence about poor health status among U.S. adults diagnosed with CVD. Future studies are warranted to substantiate this evidence using objective measures and adjusting for other unmeasured cofounders. Public Health Implications: While the nation continues to shift its strategies in addressing the COVID-19 pandemic and other emerging infectious diseases, there is a need for continued effort to address the prevention of CVD and other non-communicable diseases and reduce its impact among adults in the United States.

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Lin, Chia-Hui. "Sojourn in the United States life satisfaction and stress among East Asian graduate students and spouses /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2006.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Michigan State University. Dept. of Family and Child Ecology, 2006.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on June 19, 2009) Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-130). Also issued in print.

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Forjaz, Maria João. "Comparing Quality of Life: American and Portuguese Cancer Patients with Hematological Malignancies." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278317/.

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The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences and similarities of quality of life (QoL) in American and Portuguese cancer patients with hematological malignancies as well as the robustness of the measures cross-culturally. Portuguese participants were 98 patients and 49 accompanying persons and the American participants were 55 patients and 22 accompanying persons. Fifty (Portuguese sample) to 40% (American sample) of the patients came with an accompanying person who answered the questionnaire concerning the patient's QoL. The two cultural groups were characterized in terms of QoL (measured by the SF-36 and the FLIC), social support (Social Support Scale), socio-demographic and clinical variables. Portuguese patients reported a higher QoL. However, this result could be attributable to the fact that the two cultural samples differ in socio-economic status. The measures seem to be comparable for the Portuguese and American samples, at least in what concerns reliability and concurrent validity.

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Gorham, Michael. "Military Recreation Programs: Their Role in Quality of Life of United States' Service Men and Women and Their Families." TopSCHOLAR®, 1995. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/912.

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This thesis was designed to determine the importance of military recreation programs in improving the quality of life of United States service men and women. The study utilized a survey conducted on Fort Campbell, Kentucky, in the Spring of 1995. The results were analyzed individually and as a group. The findings were that military recreation programs play an important role in the quality of life of United States service men and women and their families. These findings were supported by the review of related literature and results from the survey which showed that 70% of the respondent's "Agreed" or "Strongly Agreed" that military recreation programs play a significant role in quality of life in the military. The findings also indicated that those persons who "Strongly Agreed" that military recreation programs play a significant role in quality of life in the military participate in an average of 6.2 programs while those who "Disagreed" participate in an average of 3.5 programs. The investigator also discovered that respondents "Definitely" planning to make a career of the military participated in an average of 6.28 programs each, while those respondents "Definitely Not" planning to make a career of the military participated in 5.1 programs each.

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Van, den Berg Jacob John. "Stigma, psychological distress, and health-related quality of life among persons living with HIV/AIDS in the United States." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0041164.

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Yahaya, Musa. "Electronic Cigarette Smoking and Health-related Quality of Life: Findings between Nigeria and United States College and University Students." OpenSIUC, 2021. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/1913.

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The popularity of electronic cigarette use among youth and young adults is on the rise, especially among the 18-24 years old. There are millions of users across the globe—about 8.1 million users in the United States. There is no data from Nigeria. Reasons for using the product include the perception that it is a harm reduction tool, a means of quitting, and socialization. Factors associated include peer pressure, curiosity, the flavors used, and the device's fancy nature live a USB flash drive. HRQOL is a self-report, subjective assessment. It is a two-way concept: positive in terms of physical and mental wellness and negative in terms of diseases and illnesses. HRQOL is used to provide an estimate of lifestyle behaviors. A cross-sectional study design used for data collection among the Nigerian students and the use of 2018 BRFSS data collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention using the BRFSS instrument of data collection Results obtained have shown a significant relationship between the lifestyle behaviors studied and higher scores of HRQOL among the students. The findings were contrary to the existing findings; however, given the impact of the lockdown due to the pandemic, restriction of social movement, strikes by the academic staff of Nigerian Universities for over ten months in 2020, and the nature of the study (self-report), could all be responsible for the findings of this study among other reasons.

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Haight, Robert Christopher. "The Effect of Regional Quality of Life on College Completion and the Creation of Human Capital in the United States." Thesis, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3673013.

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Prior research has been conducted examining the effects of multiple attributes' affect on persistence and graduation rates at higher education institutions (HEIs). This research has examined individual, family, peer, neighborhood, and institutional characteristics and their relationship with college graduation rates. There has been very little research conducted on the relationship of regional quality of life (QoL) on educational attainment. This study examined nine separate aspects (Income and Wealth, Housing, Educational Attainment, Work/Life Balance, Health Status, Personal Security, Environmental Quality, Social Capital, and Jobs and Earnings) of QoL to determine their relationship with the graduation rates at both two- and four-year HEIs. It was found that relationships exist between most of the social indicators of QoL and graduation rates. These findings lead to areas of interest that the stakeholders in higher education can consider when making policy changes that effect human capital development.

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Hoglin, Phillip J. "Survival analysis and accession optimization of prior enlisted United States Marine Corps officers." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1673.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
The purpose of this thesis is to firstly analyze the determinants on the survival of United States Marine Corps Officers, and secondly, to develop the methodology to optimize the accessions of prior and non-prior enlisted officers. Using data from the Marine Corps Officer Accession Career file (MCCOAC), the Cox Proportional Hazards Model is used to estimate the effects of officer characteristics on their survival as a commissioned officer in the USMC. A Markov model for career transition is combined with fiscal data to determine the optimum number of prior and non-prior enlisted officers under the constraints of force structure and budget. The findings indicate that prior enlisted officers have a better survival rate than their non-prior enlisted counterparts. Additionally, officers who are married, commissioned through MECEP, graduate in the top third of their TBS class, and are assigned to a combat support MOS have a better survival rate than officers who are unmarried, commissioned through USNA, graduate in the middle third of their TBS class, and are assigned to either combat or combat service support MOS. The findings also indicate that the optimum number of prior enlisted officer accessions may be considerably lower than recent trends and may differ across MOS. Based on the findings; it is recommended that prior enlisted officer accession figures be reviewed.
Major, Australian Army

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Cook, Eli. "The Pricing of Progress: Economic Indicators and the Capitalization of American Life." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11060.

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A history of statistical economic indicators in America, this dissertation uncovers the protracted struggle which took place in the nineteenth century over how economic life should be quantified, how social progress should be valued and how American prosperity should be measured. By revealing the historical origins of contemporary indicators such as Gross Domestic Product, and by uncovering the alternative measures that ended up on the losing side of history, this work denaturalizes the seemingly objective nature of modern economic indicators while offering a fresh take on the rise of American capitalism.

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O'Keefe, Marianna Staba. "The relationship of external factors, internal factors, and productivity improvement programs on productivity in two apparel manufacturing plants." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90952.

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This study examined three broad areas which related to plant level productivity in two apparel manufacturing plants. First, external factors, specifically unemployment and seasonal cycles, were examined. Second, internal organizational factors involving the size of the organization over time and the absenteeism rate within the company were studied. Finally, after holding constant the effects of the above factors, this study examined the impact of two types of positive incentive programs on employee productivity. It was hypothesized that there would be a positive relationship between unemployment and plant productivity. Partial support was found in one plant. A relationship between productivity level and seasonal cycles was also hypothesized. Generally, season was related to productivity, although the patterns for these relationships were very plant specific. The hypothesis that there would be a negative relationship between productivity rate and absenteeism rate received support in one plant only. It was further hypothesized that there would be a negative relationship between productivity level and size of the plant over time. The results for both plants were very different; however neither were in support of the hypothesis in the predicted direction. To evaluate the impact of the two productivity improvement programs, mean differences (adjusted for covariates and autocorrelation) were compared for three time periods: before, during, and after program implementation. In the Salem plant the time periods before and during the program had significantly higher productivity rates when compared to the period after the program ended. In the Jefferson plant the productivity level was slightly higher during program implementation when compared to the time period before the program. No other significant differences were found.
M.S.

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Gillespie, Noah Nehemiah. "Regional Growth in the United States: A Spatial Study of Convergence Comparing Real GSP per capita and the Human Development Index." Toledo, Ohio : University of Toledo, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1271345694.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Toledo, 2010.
Typescript. "Submitted to the Graduate Faculty as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Master of Arts Degree in Economics." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Title from title page of PDF document. Bibliography: p. 52-56.

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Lam, Gary Yu Hin. "Self-Determination during School-to-Adulthood Transition in Young Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder from the United States and Hong Kong." Scholar Commons, 2016. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6290.

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There is an increasing population of students with ASD graduating from schools and entering adulthood. Post-school transition is particularly challenging for these young adults and they tend to exhibit unfavorable outcomes in various domains in life. The concept of self-determination has been identified to promote successful transition and adult outcomes. With its root stemming from Western ideologies, the conceptualizations and manifestations of self-determination have rarely been examined across cultures. The present study aims to examine the experiences of self-determination in young adults with ASD during their school-to-adulthood transition and directly compare their experiences across American and Chinese contexts. Individual interviews were conducted with 11 young adults with ASD in the United States and Hong Kong who exited high school within the past seven years. Results from thematic analysis revealed themes about participants’ experiences of self-determination in areas of autonomy, attainment of goals, psychological empowerment, and self-realization. Contextual factors in family, work, postsecondary education, community-based settings, and early school-age experiences were identified to influence participants’ development and expression of self-determination. Cross-cultural similarities and differences in self-determination among American and Chinese young adults with ASD were discussed in relation to various factors associated with their ecological systems. Implications of cultural-responsive understanding of self-determination for research and practice are discussed to promote better outcomes and quality of life in individuals with ASD transitioning from school to the adulthood.

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Wei, Caiping. "Migration and natural disasters| Role of tornadoes and quality of life in internal migration patterns in tornado hot spots of the United States." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1562990.

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Tornadoes are one of the most frequent and destructive disasters in the United States. Like other environmental calamities, tornadoes too act as push factors for migration. The objectives of this study are to define tornado hot spots in the US, to analyze migration effectiveness in the tornado hot spots and non-hot spots, and to explore how tornado and other socio-economic factors influence migration decision. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used. Internal revenue service migration data, SPC tornado data, and Census Bureau data were used in the study. The results indicate that there are significant differences between migration patterns in the tornado hot spots and rest of the country: tornado hot spots are losing population to other regions. The results also indicated that along with the traditional socio-economic push and pull factors of migration, tornado occurrences also influenced people's migration decision in the United States.

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Bransteter, Irina. "Gender Differences in Severity and Symptoms of Post War Trauma and the Effects of Persisting Psychological Trauma on Quality of Life Among Bosnian Refugees Living in the United States." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1277921426.

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Khan, Muhammad Asif. "Impact of Public Transit and Walkability on Quality of Life and Equity Analysis in Terms of Access to Non-Work Amenities in the United States." Diss., North Dakota State University, 2020. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/31874.

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The past literature suggest that transportation can impact quality of life (QOL) both directly and indirectly. The first part of this dissertation attempted to comprehensively evaluate the impact of transportation (specifically public transit, and walkability) along with physical built environment, and sociodemographic indicators on community QOL, and overall life satisfaction (OLS) of an individual living in his community. The study used an advanced technique of structural equation modeling (SEM) to evaluate the impact of these factors on community QOL and individual’s OLS. The study results revealed that physical built environment, public transit need for a community, perceived public transit importance for a community, quality of public transit services, quality of walkability conditions, ease of travel in a community (mobility indicator), and sociodemographic indicators significantly impact community QOL, and also individual’s OLS either directly or indirectly through community QOL mediating variable. The literature review suggests that accessibility to important non-work amenities improve people’s QOL. So, it is important to examine social equity in terms of individual’s ability to access non-work amenities that are important for their daily life interests. The second part of dissertation focused on equity analysis in terms of people’s ability to access non-work amenities through public transit, and walk in the US. The non-work amenities considered in this study are: 1) grocery store or supermarket, 2) personal services, 3) other retail shopping, (4) recreation and entertainment, and (5) health care facility. It is concluded that equity in terms of public transit access to non-work amenities is regressive for the older age people, people without driving license, individuals who are covered under Medicare/Medicaid program (elderly, low income, people with disabilities), and non-metro area residents disadvantaged groups. In terms of walk access to non-work amenities, it is concluded that older age people, people without driving license, physically disable people, unemployed and students, people living in non-metro areas, and females face injustice. These groups are already disadvantaged in society because of their financial, and physical health constraints and should be having sufficient and easy public transit and walk access to their daily needs.

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Diaz, Mary L. "Minority perceptions of opportunities and intentions to stay in the Navy." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Mar%5FDiaz.pdf.

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Santurri, Laura E. "An analysis of the relationship between stress, self-efficacy, social support, and health-related quality of life among women living with interstitial cystitis in the United States." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1340321981.

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Van, Dole Kristen Brooke Jonsson Funk Michele L. "The evaluation of the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire and association of vasomotor and psychosocial symptoms among postmenopausal women in the United States a dissertation /." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,2471.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2009.
Title from electronic title page (viewed Sep. 3, 2009). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Epidemiology." Discipline: Epidemiology; Department/School: Public Health.

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Dudley, Deidra Bernard. "The Influence of Work-Based Factors, Non-Work Life Factors, And Individual Factors on the Overall Quality of Working Life of United States Medical Surgical Registered Nurses Working in Acute Care Hospitals." Thesis, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10289454.

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ABSTRACT Examining the Quality of Working Life (QoWL) of registered nurses in hospital settings is crucial due to the high nurse turnover rates, projected nurse shortages, and reports of working life issues that can negatively affect performance, quality of patient care, and system costs. Quality of Working Life is the perception an employee has about their working experience. In 2013, approximately 52% of the United States’ (US) 2.7 million employed registered nurses worked in acute care hospitals (Bureau of Labor Statistics [BLS], 2014). By the year 2022, it is projected that the cohort of registered nurses will experience workforce shortages ranging from 525,800 to over one million (American Association of Colleges of Nursing [ANCC], 2014). On average, an organization will spend approximately $300,000 annually for every 1% increase in nurse turnover (Jones, 2008). Seventy-four percent of the nurse respondents reported acute/chronic effects of stress and overwork (American Nurses Association [ANA], 2011). The purpose of this cross-sectional, predictive, correlational study was to examine the strength of association among the work-based factors (job and career satisfaction, control at work, stress at work, and working conditions), non-work life factors (home-work interface and general well-being), individual factors (age, education, gender, and nurse role), and overall QoWL of U.S. medical surgical registered nurses working in acute care hospitals.

A purposive, non-probability sample of 797 medical surgical registered nurses from the Academy of Medical Surgical Nurses Organization were recruited for this study. Each participant completed the demographic questions and the Work Related Quality of Life scale. Analyses of data consisted of descriptive statistics of central tendency, frequencies, and percentiles to examine the levels of overall QoWL of the study participants. Bivariate correlational statistics of Spearman’s rank order correlation, and ordinal logistic regression were used to assess the strength of relationships and test the hypotheses. The study findings indicated that the participants perceived an average level of satisfaction of overall QoWL (M = 3.43; SD = 1.02), low levels of satisfaction of stress at work (M = 2.21, SD = 1.14), and the work-based factors and non-work life factors (p < .05) were positive predictors of QoWL. The individual factors were not predictors or modifiers of QoWL, however, the nurse manager role (r_s = .08, p = .024) showed a positive weak correlation with overall QoWL, control at work (r_s = .17, p = .001), working conditions (r_s = .17, p = .001), and home-work interface factors (r_s = .08, p = .036). The best predictors of QoWL consisted of working conditions and general well-being. Future research is warranted to explore and understand QoWL of U.S. nurses through quantitative and qualitative methods in various healthcare settings. Recommendations for continued use of the WRQoL scale, the examination of QoWL of nurse managers, the impact of stress on long-term health outcomes, and QoWL and nurses’ health status research are needed. This study’s findings will provide the basis for strategy development to improve the nurses’ QoWL, nurse retention, organization cost, and quality patient care.

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Almostadi, Doaa. "The Moderating Effect of Religion on Death Distress and Quality of Life between Christian Cancer patients in the United States with Muslim cancer patients in Saudi Arabia." Scholar Commons, 2018. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7601.

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Cancer is an illness that knows no international boundaries. There are more than eight million global cancer deaths each year. A life-threatening diagnosis generates significant emotional problems for many patients across cultures. Death distress—consisting of death depression, death anxiety and death obsession—often results in poorer treatment adherence and lower overall health and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine whether religiosity has a moderating effect on the relationship between death distress and quality of life among patients facing a life-threatening cancer diagnosis. The study sample consisted of 118 cancer patients: 82 cancer patients from a National Guard hospital in Saudi Arabia and 36 cancer patients from H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, Florida. Three validated scales were used to obtain data from study participants: the Death Distress Scale, the Belief into Action Scale; and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy Scale. After a Pearson correlation were conducted and results indicated a moderately strong inverse relationship between death distress and quality of life among both the Christian (r=-.45, p <.001) and Muslim (r=-.39, p <.001) patient samples. The degree of religiosity among study participants did not alter the effect of death distress on quality of life. Results reveal that the interaction term was not statistically significant (b=.005, p=.32). However, quality of life correlated with degree of religiosity in both the Christian(r=.39, p=.018) and Muslim patient groups ( r=.24, p=0.034)). This finding reinforces the importance of religious involvement among cancer patients found in earlier research. The current study highlights the importance of a holistic treatment approach that includes a spiritual component for these vulnerable individuals and their loved ones. This holistic emphasis is particularly important for nurses, who often spend more time with cancer patients than other health care professionals. By proactively discussing common issues surrounding death distress with patients and families, nurses can provide much needed education and emotional support and make appropriate referral. Given that death distress appears to be a nearly universal experience among cancer patients regardless of religious affiliation, future research should develop evidence-based nursing protocols to address this vital topic.

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Burson, Patrick A. R. "An analysis of the impact of data errors on backorder rates in the F404 engine system." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Mar%5FBurson.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S. in Operations Research)--Naval Postgraduate School, March 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Robert A. Koyak, Samuel E. Buttrey. Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-64). Also available online.

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Mahoney, Chris Elaine. "Fifth grade students' perceptions of STS issues: An action research project to explore a process for identifying students' knowledge and understandings of science, technology, and society (STS) issues." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2018.

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Perez, Carmen. "Prevalence and influence on quality of life of symptoms caused by inhaled odors, chemicals and irritants : a comparison between Hispanics and Americans." [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002850.

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Nshimiyimana, Jean Marie Mr, Oluwafeyisayo Oyeniyi, Mathew Mr Seiler, Kimberly Ms Hawkins, and Temitope Mr Adeyanju. "Development of Public Health Indicator Visualization Tool." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/32.

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As the public and government officials become aware of the impact of public health on communities, it is important that relevant public health statistics be available for decision making. Existing web resources have limited visualization options, cannot visually compare a county to all others in the US, and cannot compare the counties in an arbitrary region to all others in the US. The College of Public Health Indicator Visualization Tool (CPHIVT) is a web application providing visualization and ranking for a county in the US in comparison to all counties for a specific health indicator. An iterative development methodology was used to complete major features and refine the features over time. Features divided into small tasks that could be completed within two-week cycles. After the first version of the web application was completed and presented to the client, client feedback on the application was used to refine specifications and was incorporated into planning for future iterations. Iterative development was adopted with a focus on improving and expanding existing features and making the application publicly available online. A suite of automated user interface tests is being developed to verify the application’s functions. Making a complete version of the application publicly available involves significant research and software configuration to deploy the web application in a secure and performant manner. The web application has two major components corresponding to its two major user groups. The first component allows authenticated users from the Department of Public Health to upload and manage sets of data for various health indicators. Tools are included to automatically process uploaded data points. This allows the information presented on the web site to be expanded and kept up to date over time with minimal effort. The second component is accessible to anyone and allows a user to choose to a state or county with text search or hierarchical navigation. The application then provides graphical charts showing that location’s standing for various health indicators compared to all other counties nationally. This is accomplished by applying percentile rankings to the counties and plotting the percentiles against the values for a selected indicator. A user can save a generated chart to a variety of export formats including PNG image or PDF document. The application is expected to serve as a tool for many community members. Staff and students at the College of Public Health will use this tool for presentations and research. County health departments will be able to use the tool when planning community programs. County government leaders can use this tool to determine areas of need in the community. Decision makers will have the ability to visualize their county or region as compared to the nation, not just to neighboring counties or within a state.

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Barbaret, Cécile. "Détresse financière en phase palliative chez les patients atteints de cancer : vers une approche structurée des coûts de la fin de vie Financial distress in patients with advanced cancer Inequalities in financial distress, symptoms and quality of life among patients with advanced cancer in France and the United States of America The association between palliative care team follow-up and aggressiveness of cancer care near the end of life. Research Protocol on Early Palliative Care in patients with acute leukaemia after one relapse." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. https://thares.univ-grenoble-alpes.fr/2019GREAS022.pdf.

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A partir de recherches effectuées et présentées s’est développée une réflexion sur les coûts du cancer en phase palliative et comment au-delà des mesures coercitives, il pourrait être possible, par différentes moyens cliniques, d’enseignements et de recherches, de limiter ces coûts.Méthode : L’existence en France de détresse financière a été identifiée ainsi que son impact sur la qualité de vie des patients atteints de cancer en phase avancé. Dans l’objectif d’améliorer la qualité de vie des patients, il est important de savoir d’où provient cette détresse financière et les différents coûts induits par le cancer. D’autres études ont été réalisées dont notamment une sur la fin de vie et sur les critères d’agressivité des soins qui peuvent être une source de dépenses ainsi que d’altération de la qualité de vie.Discussion : La collaboration, l’anticipation, la qualité de la formation et le développement de la recherche en soins palliatifs sont autant d’éléments pertinents pouvant impacter les coûts du cancer en phase palliative. Dans la littérature, ces différents coûts ne sont jamais étudiés en même temps. Tout ce travail conduit à la construction d’un protocole de recherche sur les coûts de la phase palliative chez les patients atteints de cancer.Conclusion : L’avenir est non seulement de mieux comprendre les dépenses imputables au cancer pour le patient et sa famille mais aussi d’avoir une réflexion plus globale en discutant de l’amélioration de la consommation des soins et des collaborations qui pourraient avoir un impact non négligeable tout en prodiguant des soins de meilleure qualité et en respectant l’individu ainsi que le collectif. La mort fera toujours partie de la vie quelles que soient les avancées médicales, elle est inéluctable mais la façon de mourir ne l’est pas. La clinique, la recherche et l’enseignement sont les 3 axes qui peuvent permettre son amélioration
Concerns about costs of the palliative phase in patients with cancer has emerged. Beyond usual measures to control health expenses other ways involving clinical, teaching and research might impact costs of the palliative phase and health expenses.Methods:Association between financial distress and lower quality of life was highlighted. In order to improve patients’ quality of life, focusing on costs and financial distress seems necessary. Other studies especially one concerning aggressive cancer care near the end of life were made. Those criteria could be one source of health expenses and alteration of quality of life.Discussion: Collaboration, anticipation, quality of professionals training programs and palliative care research development are all possible solutions which could lead to decrease health expenses. In literature no study focusing on all type of cost during the palliative phase was made. All this work leads to a new research protocol concerning palliative phase costs among patients with cancer.Conclusion: Understanding specific cancer expenses for patients and their families is undoubtedly important for quality of life. Concerning a more global approach, health consumptions and quality of collaboration are possible ways to improve quality of life while respecting the individual and the collectivity. Death is inevitable but our way to die is not. Clinics, research and teaching are the three axes to focus on

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Gullion, Christopher Scott. "Cultural tourism investment and resident quality of life : a case study of Indianapolis, Indiana." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3738.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
This thesis will explore issues concerning cultural tourism investment and resident quality of life in the Midwestern city of Indianapolis, Indiana. It is important to understand from a cultural tourism perspective how further attempts to grow and invest in tourism will affect resident perception of quality of life and future cultural tourism investment. To achieve this goal, data from the 2012 Indianapolis Quality of Life survey was statistically analyzed to specifically examine how residents' perceived quality of life affects cultural tourism investment. This allows for the study of what city-service attributes (i.e. safety, attractions, transportation, et cetera) identify as potential indicators of whether residents' perception of quality of life affects cultural tourism investment and if there were any correlations between demographic factors of age, gender, ethnicity, and household income with the perception that investing in cultural events and attractions for tourists is good for residents. Results indicated that several key city-service attributes identify as potential indicators of whether residents' perception of quality of life in Indianapolis affects residents' perceptions that investing in cultural tourism for tourists is good for residents. In addition, several key city-service attributes identified as potential indicators of residents' perception of quality of life in Indianapolis excluding perceptions of cultural tourism investment. Finally, results indicated that demographic factors of gender, age, ethnicity, and income were not significant when it came to affecting the perception that investing in cultural events and attractions for tourists is good for residents.

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Schenewark, Jarrod Denman. "Work-family conflict and enrichment : a study of college coaches." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/17751.

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The current work-family literature strongly emphasizes the conflict between the multiple roles that workers and parents assume. This conflict literature leaves readers with the impression that individuals are experiencing stress to a level that detracts from their quality of life (Frone, 2003; Parasuraman, Greenhaus, & Granrose, 1992). A more balanced perspective recognizes both the disadvantages and the potential advantages of engaging in multiple roles. Recent evidence indicates that occupying the roles of worker and spouse/parent may also produce positive outcomes such as greater satisfaction in marriage and on the job (Barnett, 1998; Barnett & Garies, 2006). Greenhaus and Powell (2006) offer one theory that explains the positive interaction between work and family roles by introducing the concept of enrichment, a theory that explains why one role might improve the quality of life in the other role. Using a sample of intercollegiate coaches (N = 286) from institutions located in the United States, this study assessed the influence of work-family conflict and work-family enrichment in relation to occupational and life outcomes for college coaches. Levels of conflict in work-to-family and family-to-work were measured, as well as levels of enrichment in work-to-family and family-to-work. Multiple regression was utilized to analyze six conceptual models with gender, age of participant, the presence of children at home, work-family conflict and work-family enrichment as independent variables. The results indicated work-to-family enrichment ([beta] = .318) and family-to-work enrichment ([beta] = .257) were both significant predictors of life satisfaction (p < .01). Work-to-family conflict ([beta] = -.118) and family-to-work conflict ([beta] = -.269) were significant predictors of life satisfaction (p < .01). Likewise, work-to-family conflict ([beta] = .385) and family-to-work conflict ([beta] = .140) were significant predictors of career commitment (p < .01). Age was a significant predictor of career commitment (p < .05). The findings highlight the need for future theoretical models to include both work-family conflict and work-family enrichment as both contribute uniquely to career and life outcomes. Practical implications include educating athletic administrators of the benefits coaches may accrue as a result of being engaged in both family and work roles.
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Behbehani, Eman. "Dental fluorosis, dental caries, and oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in the United States." Thesis, 2016. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/18649.

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OBJECTIVES: This study has three aims: 1) to determine the trends and prevalence of dental fluorosis and caries among persons aged 6-19; 2) to examine the association between dental fluorosis and caries among persons of the same age group; and 3) to investigate the influence of dental fluorosis and caries on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) among people aged 16-49 in the United States. METHODS: The data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2004 and 2011-2012 were analyzed. For aims 1) and 2), individuals aged 6-19 years, who completed the home interview and oral health examination were included (n=9,493, n=2,411, respectively). For aim 3, the data from NHANES 2003-2004 were analyzed including only people aged 16-49, who completed the home interview and both conditions examination (n=3,035). The reason behind age restriction is that people aged 16-49 were targeted to answer OHRQoL questions. Dental fluorosis was measured by Dean’s Index (6-categories of severity), where classification was based on the two teeth most affected by fluorosis. Dental caries experience was measured by DMFS score (overall caries experience and untreated decay). OHRQoL was calculated as sum of 7 items out of the 14 items NHANES Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14). OHRQoL score can range 6-28 (lower score indicates better oral health). Other covariates were socio-demographic characteristics, self-perceived mouth/teeth condition (1-item), and previous dental visit (time and reason). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted with caries and OHRQoL as outcomes. All analyses were weighted and adjusted for the complex design of the NHANES survey, using SAS 9.3 survey procedures. RESULTS: For aim 1, dental fluorosis prevalence among persons aged 6-19 was increasing (37% vs. 57%) from 1999-2004 to 2011-2012. There was a significant increase in caries experience and a significant decrease in untreated tooth decay from 1999-2004 to 2011-2012 among persons aged 6-19. For aim 2, the crude association between the severity of fluorosis and DMFS was significantly inversely proportional except for the moderate/severe categories of fluorosis where the relationship was linear. For aim 3, the bivariate all teeth analysis showed that OHRQoL was significantly decreased with higher level of fluorosis severity (p-value=0.05). Severity of fluorosis was significantly inversely associated with DMFS score (β-coefficient=-4.8, p-value <0.0001). The lower DMFS scores explain the better perception of oral health (lower OHRQoL scores) in higher fluorosis severity groups. However, after controlling of DMFS and covariates in a multiple regression model, fluorosis severity was not significantly associated with lower OHRQoL score. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the findings of this study suggest that the prevalence of dental fluorosis is increasing while untreated decay is decreasing among persons aged 6-19. The results demonstrated a clear inverse relationship between dental fluorosis and caries. The findings also suggest that the benefit of fluorides outweighs the esthetic impact of fluorosis among the U.S children and adolescents.
2018-09-28T00:00:00Z

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Zhao, Liyan. "Estimating market values for non-publicly-traded U.S. life insurers." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2378.

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Hofstein, Yariv. "Always look on the bright side of life : the relationship between coping humor, negative life events, and life satisfaction in American and Israeli college students." 2005. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/theses/2433.

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Lane, Crystal A. "Investigating the Health Profile and Quality of Life of Adult Marijuana Users in the United States: Analysis of Self-reported NHANES 2007-2010 Data." 2013. http://scholarworks.gsu.edu/iph_theses/311.

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Background: Marijuana is the most widely used illicit substance in the United States. Public approval of marijuana has driven its legalization in twenty states and the District of Columbia for medical use; and, this year alone (2013), two states have legalized recreational use of the drug. Despite the nation’s growing trend towards marijuana acceptance, the evidence regarding the health effects of its use remains vague. This study was designed to evaluate the health profile of marijuana users by determining the association of marijuana use with quality of life, defined in terms of perceived overall health and as self-reported medical conditions. Methods: The 2007-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data was used to evaluate the health profile and quality of life of marijuana smokers. Chi-square and one-way ANOVA analyses were respectively used to compare prevalence and mean differences of select characteristics across different categories grouped by marijuana use. Logistic regression analyses were then performed to determine the association between the reported number of unhealthy days or medical conditions and marijuana use in the past month. All analyses were performed with SAS 9.2 software using weighted data, while 95% confidence intervals were used to determine statistical significance. Results: In total, 7716 cases were included in the study analysis. The prevalence of lifetime marijuana use was 59% (N = 3632), while the prevalence of current (past month) marijuana use was 12.6% (N = 861). Current marijuana users differed significantly from never users with respect to age, gender, income-to-poverty ratio, cigarette smoking, and alcohol and drug use. Current marijuana users also reported more unhealthy days per month, but less frequently reported diagnosis of a medical condition. Results of logistic regression analysis demonstrated that after controlling for confounders, there was no significant association between unhealthy days and current marijuana use, but there was an inverse association with reporting 3+ medical conditions and current marijuana use. Conclusions: This study shows that marijuana users are more likely to engage in health risk behaviors, and report lower quality of life when compared to individuals who have never used marijuana. However, after controlling for confounders, marijuana use was not found to be associated with poor health outcomes.

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Peng, Xiaomei. "Posttraumatic stress disorder and chronic musculoskeletal pain : how are they related?" Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4659.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are a common comorbidity in veterans seeking treatment of chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP). However, little is known regarding the mutual influence of PTSD and CMP in this population. Using cross-sectional and longitudinal data from a randomized clinical trial evaluating a stepped care intervention for CMP in Iraq/Afghanistan veterans (ESCAPE), this dissertation examined the relationships between PTSD and CMP along with other factors including depression, anxiety, catastrophizing and health-related quality of life. The Classification and Regression Tree (CART) analysis was conducted to identify key factors associated with baseline PTSD besides CMP severity. A series of statistical analyses including logistical regression analysis, mixed model repeated measure analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and cross-lagged panel analysis via structural equation modeling were conducted to test five competing models of PTSD symptom clusters, and to examine the mutual influences of PTSD symptom clusters and CMP outcomes. Results showed baseline pain intensity and pain disability predicted PTSD at 9 months. And baseline PTSD predicted improvement of pain disability at 9 months. Moreover, direct relationships were found between PTSD and the disability component of CMP, and indirect relationships were found between PTSD, CMP and CMP components (intensity and disability) mediated by depression, anxiety and pain catastrophizing. Finally, the coexistence of PTSD and more severe pain was associated with worse SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores. Together these findings provided empirical support for the mutual maintenance theory.

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Hill, Valerie A. "The relationship between touch sensation of the hand and occupational performance in individuals with chronic stroke." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/4651.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Stroke is the main cause of disability in the United States. Individuals with stroke commonly report sensory impairment affects their recovery. Motor recovery and sensory impairment are related and impact individuals’ ability to perform valued occupations. Despite the prevalence of sensation impairment after stroke, many occupational therapists fail to include sensation assessment and intervention in treatment planning. The exclusion of sensation in occupational therapy interventions during stroke rehabilitation may be due to the lack of literature supporting the association between sensation and occupational performance. The current study aimed to determine the relationship between touch sensation of the affected hand and occupational performance and satisfaction in individuals with chronic stroke. Using a cross-sectional study design, this study associated factors related to hand sensation and function in individuals with chronic stroke. Fifty individuals with chronic stroke participated in a one-time testing session in which assessments related to sensation, movement of the hand and engagement in daily activities were administered. Correlation analyses were utilized to determine relationships between touch sensation of the affected hand with individuals’ abilities to engage in valued daily activities, arm and hand disability, and manual abilities. The main finding of the study was that individuals with intact sensation reported greater ability to perform valued occupations and satisfaction with their performance, as compared with individuals with touch sensation impairment. For individuals with impaired touch sensation of the affected hand, impairment of touch sensation of the hand did not correlate with individuals’ performance or satisfaction with valued occupations, arm or hand movement, or manual abilities. Collectively, the results of this study reflect the complex interaction between touch sensation, occupational performance, motor functioning, and manual abilities of the affected hand for individuals’ who have experienced a stroke. This study informs therapists, rehabilitation scientists, and other healthcare professionals that client-centered, individualized approaches, including a wide array of clinical assessments and intervention, including assessment of occupational performance and sensation, remain important components in stroke rehabilitation.

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Virgil, Kisha Marie. "Community-Based Exercise Program Attendance and Exercise Self-Efficacy in African American Women." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3880.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
Rates of chronic disease and physical inactivity are disproportionately high among African American women. Despite the known benefits of physical activity and an increasing number of programs designed to increase activity, attendance rates to many exercise programs remain low. There is much to learn about program types, such as healthy lifestyle programs (HLP); individual factors, such as self-efficacy; and mediating variables that may influence exercise program attendance. An observational study design was used to compare exercise self-efficacy and attendance in a community-based exercise program in African American women who were enrolled in a HLP (N = 53) to women who were not (N = 27). Exercise program attendance was gathered across six months; demographics, self-efficacy and physical activity behaviors were assessed through surveys; and physiological variables (resting heart rate and blood pressure, height, and weight) and physical fitness (muscular strength and endurance and cardiovascular endurance) were measured at baseline. Descriptive statistics were used to describe participants and groups were compared using T-tests, chi-square and non-parametric statistics. Finally, mediation analyses were conducted using multiple regression models to assess self-efficacy as a potential mediator to exercise program attendance. Women who enrolled in this study were of low income (61% having an annual income less than $20,000), obese with a mean (standard deviation) body mass index (BMI) of 37.7 (7.6), pre-hypertensive with a mean (standard deviation) systolic blood pressure of 125.9 (14.4), and scored poorly and marginally on two fitness tests. On average, women reported being Moderately Confident in their ability to exercise regularly, yet had low attendance in the exercise program with a median number .5 days over six months and there were no significant differences in exercise self-efficacy (p = .23) or attendance in the exercise program between groups (p = .79). Additionally, exercise self-efficacy was not a mediating variable to program attendance. Women in this study had little discretionary income and several chronic disease risk factors, yet exercise program attendance was low even in those enrolled in a HLP. Identifying factors that increase exercise self-efficacy and factors that influence attendance beyond self-efficacy may help future program design and attendance.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Quality of life – United States – Statistics'

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