Relevant bibliographies by topics / Quantification des sources

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  3. Books
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Academic literature on the topic 'Quantification des sources'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 25 May 2024
Last updated: 19 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Quantification des sources"

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Bielek, Boris, and Milan Bielek. "Common Characteristics of Zero Energy Buildings in Relation to the Energy Distribution Networks." Advanced Materials Research 855 (December 2013): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.855.31.

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Physical quantification of the building envelope. Energy quantification of the building. Energy from fossil sources. Energy from ecologically clean renewable sources. Nearly net zero energy buildings. Net zero energy buildings. Net plus energy buildings. The characteristics of zero energy buildings in relation to the energy distribution networks. Requirements for physical quantification of buildings with a zero energy balance in relation to energy distribution networks.
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Ferguson, Christobel M., Katrina Charles, and Daniel A. Deere. "Quantification of Microbial Sources in Drinking-Water Catchments." Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology 39, no. 1 (2008): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10643380701413294.

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Angerer, Jürgen. "Sources and quantification of human backgroudexposure to acrylamide." Toxicology Letters 180 (October 2008): S24—S25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.06.707.

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Czerewko, M. A., J. C. Cripps, J. M. Reid, and C. G. Duffell. "Sulfur species in geological materials––sources and quantification." Cement and Concrete Composites 25, no. 7 (2003): 657–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0958-9465(02)00066-5.

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Clark, Ephraim, and Radu Tunaru. "Quantification of political risk with multiple dependent sources." Journal of Economics and Finance 27, no. 2 (2003): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02827214.

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Yang, Jian-Ping, Hong-Zhong Huang, Yu Liu, and Yan-Feng Li. "Quantification Classification Algorithm of Multiple Sources of Evidence." International Journal of Information Technology & Decision Making 14, no. 05 (2015): 1017–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219622014500242.

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Although Dempster–Shafer (D–S) evidence theory and its reasoning mechanism can deal with imprecise and uncertain information by combining cumulative evidences for changing prior opinions of new evidences, there is a deficiency in applying classical D–S evidence theory combination rule when conflict evidence appear — conflict evidence causes counter-intuitive results. To address this issue, alternative combination rules have been proposed for resolving the appeared conflicts of evidence. An underlying assumption is that conflict evidences exist, which, however, is not always true. Moreover, it has been verified that conflict factors may not be accurate to characterize the degree of conflict. Instead, the Jousselme distance has been regarded as a quantification criterion for the degree of conflict because of its promising properties. To avoid the counter-intuitive results, multiple sources of evidence should be classified first. This paper proposes a novel algorithm to quantify the classification of multiple sources of evidence based on a core vector method, and the algorithm is further verified by two examples. This study also explores the relationship between complementary information and conflicting evidence and discusses the stochastic interpretation of basic probability assignment functions.
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Brereton, Carol A., Lucy J. Campbell, and Matthew R. Johnson. "Computationally efficient quantification of unknown fugitive emissions sources." Atmospheric Environment: X 3 (July 2019): 100035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeaoa.2019.100035.

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Nafziger, Steven. "Quantification and the Economic History of Imperial Russia." Slavic Review 76, no. 1 (2017): 30–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/slr.2017.5.

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Historians work with sources that are products of specific social, cultural, political, and economic contexts. Thus, understanding how and why sources were produced and why they survived is an essential component of historical scholarship. At the same time, many historians often employ some sort of conceptual framework—implicit or explicit, descriptive or normative—in order to translate the sources into a coherent narrative. Modern economic historians are no different. The sources tend to be quantitative and focused on economic phenomena (with many exceptions), but doing economic history well means interrogating the origins, trustworthiness, and usefulness of the data in question. In doing this, modern economic historians are largely unapologetic about employing the tools—especially statistical—and intellectual apparatus of economics to interrogate their sources, much as social, political, or environmental historians draw on ideas and methods from related disciplines in their own inquiries. This is precisely how we make sense of the historical process of economic development.
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Bruno, Jack H., Dylan Jervis, Daniel J. Varon, and Daniel J. Jacob. "U-Plume: automated algorithm for plume detection and source quantification by satellite point-source imagers." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 17, no. 9 (2024): 2625–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-17-2625-2024.

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Abstract. Current methods for detecting atmospheric plumes and inferring point-source rates from high-resolution satellite imagery are labor-intensive and not scalable with regard to the growing satellite dataset available for methane point sources. Here, we present a two-step algorithm called U-Plume for automated detection and quantification of point sources from satellite imagery. The first step delivers plume detection and delineation (masking) with a U-Net machine learning architecture for image segmentation. The second step quantifies the point-source rate from the masked plume using wind speed information and either a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a physics-based integrated mass enhancement (IME) method. The algorithm can process 62 images (each measuring 128 pixels × 128 pixels) per second on a single 2.6 GHz Intel Core i7-9750H CPU. We train the algorithm using large-eddy simulations of methane plumes superimposed on noisy and variable methane background scenes from the GHGSat-C1 satellite instrument. We introduce the concept of point-source observability, Ops=Q/(UWΔB), as a single dimensionless number to predict plume detectability and source rate quantification error from an instrument as a function of source rate Q, wind speed U, instrument pixel size W, and instrument-dependent background noise ΔB. We show that Ops can powerfully diagnose the ability of an imaging instrument to observe point sources of a certain magnitude under given conditions. U-Plume successfully detects and masks plumes from sources as small as 100 kg h−1 in GHGSat-C1 images over surfaces with low background noise and successfully handles larger point sources over surfaces with substantial background noise. We find that the IME method for source quantification is unbiased over the full range of source rates, while the CNN method is biased towards the mean of its training range. The total error in source rate quantification is dominated by wind speed at low wind speeds and by the masking algorithm at high wind speeds. A wind speed of 2–4 m s−1 is optimal for detection and quantification of point sources from satellite data.
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Häupl, Peter, and Frank Hansel. "Quantification of the internal space climate." MATEC Web of Conferences 174 (2018): 01003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201817401003.

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A practicable model and program CLIMT is put forward for determining the hourly values of indoor air temperature and the interior air humidity in relation to the external climate, the building parameters (geometry, material properties), the ventilation and the use of the internal space (interior heat sources, moisture sources and heating system). In order to generate the outdoor climatic dates (temperature, relative humidity, short and long wave radiation, precipitation, wind velocity and direction, driving rain) for the simulation a climate generator CLIG has been developed additionally. The results have been validated with measurements in actual buildings.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quantification des sources"

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Grythe, Henrik. "Quantification of sources and removal mechanisms of atmospheric aerosol particles." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för miljövetenskap och analytisk kemi, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-138903.

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The focus of this work has been to quantify important processes for climatically relevant aerosols, and to improve our understanding of, and ability to accurately model, aerosols in the atmosphere on a large scale. This thesis contains five papers focused on different parts of the life cycle of atmospheric aerosol particles. Two papers describe the physical process of emission of primary marine aerosols. The large uncertainties in these processes are demonstrated by examining the diversity of existing parameterizations for emissions. Building from laboratory experiments to validation of model results with observations, new parameterizations are suggested. These take into account also effects of water temperature on primary marine aerosol production. In the third paper the main focus was to develop a new aerosol wet removal scheme in the Lagrangian transport and dispersion model FLEXPART. Removal timescales and atmospheric concentrations are found to be close to observation based estimates. The final two papers focus on atmospheric black carbon aerosols at high latitudes. As an example of increased human activities in the Arctic, local emissions from cruise ships visiting the research base in Ny Ålesund had demonstrable effects on the level of pollutants measured there. In contrast, inland Antarctic air was shown to be clean compared to the Arctic, due to the extremely long transport time from any major aerosol sources. The work done in this thesis has addressed critical uncertainties regarding the aerosol lifecycle, by better constraining aerosol emissions and atmospheric lifetimes. The development of the new wet removal scheme has improved FLEXPART model accuracy, which will be beneficial in future applications of the model.<br><p>At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 3: Manuscript.</p>
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Person, Christophe. "Quantification des anomalies neurologiques métaboliques et imagerie de sources électriques." Phd thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00738247.

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Un traitement possible de l'épilepsie partielle pharmaco-résistante consiste en l'exérèse de la région cérébrale responsable des crises. La difficulté est de localiser cette zone et d'en définir l'étendue. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'apporter des données permettant de préciser la localisation et le volume des régions pathologiques, en exploitant deux modalités : l'imagerie TEP (Tomographie par Emission de Positons) et l'EEGHR (EEG Haute Résolution : signaux cérébraux recueillis sur le scalp avec un nombre important d'électrodes et une fréquence d'échantillonnage élevée). En imagerie TEP, il s'agit de segmenter les zones d'hypométabolisme qui sont liées aux régions responsables des crises. Des méthodes de comparaisons statistiques à l'aide d'outils de type SPM (Statistical ParametricMapping) entre les images TEP de sujets pathologiques et de sujets sains ont été appliquées, en effectuant des tests d'hypothèse voxel à voxel entre les différentes images. Pour pouvoir être comparées à une population de référence, les différentes images ont subi des transformations non linéaires afin que chaque voxel corresponde à la même région anatomique chez tous les sujets. Deux algorithmes ont été appliqués : une méthode SPM classique et une méthode Block-Matching. Les résultats sont comparés par analyse subjective clinique et également sur des données simulées. En ce qui concerne l'EEG-HR, la localisation spatiale et temporelle de sources d'événements intercritiques (pointes et ondes lentes) a été réalisée par résolution du problème inverse. Ceci a permis de localiser les sources électriques intracérébrales d'intérêt qui sont à l'origine des signaux acquis sur le scalp. Enfin, une représentation des données multimodales (images TEP et signaux EEG-HR) dans un même référentiel a permis d'accroître les connaissances sur les relations existant entre les activités électriques et métaboliques et ainsi de mieux définir les régions épileptogènes.
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Person, Christophe. "Quantification des anomalies neurologiques métaboliques et imagerie de sources électriques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0214.

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Un traitement possible de l'épilepsie partielle pharmaco-résistante consiste en l'exérèse de la région cérébrale responsable des crises. La difficulté est de localiser cette zone et d'en définir l'étendue. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'apporter des données permettant de préciser la localisation et le volume des régions pathologiques, en exploitant deux modalités : l'imagerie TEP (Tomographie par Emission de Positons) et l'EEGHR (EEG Haute Résolution : signaux cérébraux recueillis sur le scalp avec un nombre important d'électrodes et une fréquence d'échantillonnage élevée). En imagerie TEP, il s'agit de segmenter les zones d'hypométabolisme qui sont liées aux régions responsables des crises. Des méthodes de comparaisons statistiques à l'aide d'outils de type SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) entre les images TEP de sujets pathologiques et de sujets sains ont été appliquées, en effectuant des tests d'hypothèse voxel à voxel entre les différentes images. Pour pouvoir être comparées à une population de référence, les différentes images ont subi des transformations non linéaires afin que chaque voxel corresponde à la même région anatomique chez tous les sujets. Deux algorithmes ont été appliqués : une méthode SPM classique et une méthode Block-Matching. Les résultats sont comparés par analyse subjective clinique et également sur des données simulées. En ce qui concerne l'EEG-HR, la localisation spatiale et temporelle de sources d'événements intercritiques (pointes et ondes lentes) a été réalisée par résolution du problème inverse. Ceci a permis de localiser les sources électriques intracérébrales d'intérêt qui sont à l'origine des signaux acquis sur le scalp. Enfin, une représentation des données multimodales (images TEP et signaux EEG-HR) dans un même référentiel a permis d'accroître les connaissances sur les relations existant entre les activités électriques et métaboliques et ainsi de mieux définir les régions épileptogènes<br>A possible treatment for drug-resistant partial epilepsy involves the resection of the brain region which generates crisis. The difficulty is to locate this area and to determine its extent. The objective of this thesis is to provide data to specify the location and the volume of pathological regions, using two modalities: PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging and HR-EEG (High-Resolution EEG: brain signals collected on the scalp with a large number of electrodes and a high sampling rate). In PET imaging, hypometabolic areas associated with regions generating seizures have to be segmented. Statistical comparisons methods using tools such as SPM (Statistical Parametric Mapping) between images of pathological and healthy subjects have been applied. Voxelwise statistical analyses between the different images were thus used to highlight the hypometabolic areas. For comparison with a reference population, nonlinear transformations were applied to the images so that each voxel corresponds to the same anatomical region in every subject. Two algorithms were applied: a conventional SPM method and a Block-Matching method. The results were compared by subjective clinical analysis and also on simulated data. Regarding the HR-EEG, the spatial and temporal source localizations of interictal events (spikes and slow waveforms) were done by solving the inverse problem. This allowed to localize intracerebral electrical sources generating the signals acquired on the scalp. Finally, a representation in the same space of multimodal data (PET images and HR-EEG) allowed to increase the knowledge on the relationship between electrical and metabolic activities and to better define the epileptogenic regions
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Sylvestre, Alexandre. "Caractérisation de l'aérosol industriel et quantification de sa contribution aux PM2.5 atmosphériques." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4714/document.

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La connaissance des principales sources de l’aérosol permet d’améliorer, d’adapter et de cibler les mesures prises pour réduire les concentrations de particules fines. Ainsi, l’identification et la hiérarchisation des sources de particules fines sont des étapes essentielles à la mise en place d'une politique efficace d'amélioration de la qualité de l'air. Le travail mené durant cette thèse s’inscrit dans cette démarche puisqu'il avait pour objectif de quantifier les sources de PM2.5 en milieu industriel. Afin de répondre à cet objectif, deux campagnes de prélèvements ont été réalisés dont une sous les vents des principales activités industrielles afin de caractériser leurs émissions (profils) et une en zones urbaines caractéristiques de l’exposition de la population aux particules fines. Les résultats ont permis d'obtenir des empreintes représentatives des principales activités industrielles de la zone d'étude. L’analyse ME-2 menée a permis, avec la combinaison d’analyses radiocarbones, de déterminer que la source de combustion de biomasse est la source majoritaire pendant l’automne et l’hiver où les épisodes de PM2.5 ont été observés. La source industrielle est la source majoritaire des PM2.5 au printemps et en été mais ne constitue pas un driver fort de la concentration des PM2.5. Toutefois, cette étude a montré que les sources industrielles impactent significativement la population de particules (taille, composition, etc.) dans la zone d’étude<br>In order to limit the impact of air quality on human health, public authorities need reliable and accurate information on the sources contribution. So, the identification of the main sources of PM2.5 is the first step to adopt efficient mitigation policies. This work carry out in this thesis take place in this issue and was to determine the main sources of PM2.5 inside an industrial area. To determinate the main sources of PM2.5, two campaigns were lead to collect daily PM2.5 to: 1/ determine the enrichment of atmospheric pollutants downwind from the main industrial activities and 2/ collect PM2.5 in urban areas characteristic of the population exposition. Results allowed to obtain very representative profiles for the main industrial activities implanted inside the studied area. ME-2 analysis, combined to radiocarbon measurements, allowed to highlight the very high impact of Biomass Burning sources for all the PM2.5 pollution events recorded from early autumn to March. This study showed that industrial sources, even if they are the major sources during spring and summer, are not the major PM2.5 driver. However, this study highlights that industrial sources impact significantly the aerosol population (size, composition, etc.) in the studied area
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Tcheheumeni, Djanni Axel Laurel. "Identification and quantification of noise sources in marine towed active electromagnetic data." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28914.

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The towed streamer controlled source electromagnetic (CSEM) system collects data faster than the conventional static node-based CSEM system. However, the towed streamer CSEM is typically much noisier than the conventional static node-based CSEM. Identifying and quantifying various sources of noise is important for the development of future robust electromagnetic streamer system. This is the problem I address in this thesis. I achieve this in three parts. First, I examine the idea that the towed streamer suffers from noise induced by its motion through the Earth’s magnetic field according to Faraday’s law of induction. I derive expressions for the motionally-induced noise for the cases of a horizontal streamer parallel to the acquisition vessel’s path and a curved streamer caused by a constant cross-current. These expressions demonstrate that the motionally-induced noise is sensitive to the magnitude of the feather angle at the head and at the tail of the streamer, and to the vertical and lateral motion of the streamer. The key finding is that no motionally-induced noise is generated when the streamer is horizontal and moving in a constant magnetic field. By contrast, when the streamer shape is curved because of cross-currents, motionally-induced noise is generated if the velocity of the streamer varies over time. Second, I analyse and compare the noise recorded using the first generation of towed streamer with the noise recorded using a static ocean bottom cable (OBC) CSEM. I find out that within the frequency range of interest, 0.01–1 Hz the towed streamer noise is 20 dB greater (factor of 10) than the noise recorded with the OBC CSEM. I show also that the motion of the telluric cable between the pair of electrodes in the towed streamer is responsible for this difference in amplitude between the two systems. In the frequency ranges, 0.03–0.1 Hz and 0.03–0.2 Hz, the motionally-induced noise is shown to be uncorrelated across all channels. However, within the frequency band 0.1–0.3 Hz, the motionally-induced noise correlation gradually increases and becomes well correlated at about 0.2 Hz. This correlated noise could be caused by ocean swell from surface waves, water flowing around the streamer or cross-currents. Finally, to identify and quantify the contribution of several distinct sources of noise, and to describe the mechanisms generating each source of noise, I co-designed a prototype towed streamer CSEM. I carried out an experiment with the prototype streamer suspended 1 m below the water surface in the controlled environment of the Edinburgh wave tank located in King’s building campus (the University of Edinburgh). I then subjected the streamer to flow running at velocities of 0–1ms−1 along its length and to waves propagating in the same direction, at 45°, and perpendicular relative to the streamer direction.
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Hultin, Eriksson Elin. "Quantification of Terrestrial CO2 Sources to a Headwater Streamin a Boreal Forest Catchment." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-305435.

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Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions from streams are a significant component of the global carbon cycle.Terrestrial export of CO2 through runoff is increasingly recognized as a major source of CO2 in boreal headwater streams. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of soil water CO2 within theterrestrial landscape remains poorly quantified, contributing to large uncertainties about the origin of CO2 in headwater streams. The riparian zone (i.e. the area with fine sediments and organic rich soils closest to the stream) is accepted as a main contributor of organic carbon to streams, but its importanceas a source of CO2 is less evident. Here I evaluate the riparian zone as a main source by quantifying the contribution of lateral CO2 export from the riparian and hillslope zones to a headwater stream in a Swedish boreal catchment. Hourly measurements of CO2 concentration, conductivity, soil temperature and water table levels were taken in the riparian zone and the hillslope from June 2014 to October 2015. The riparian zone accounted for 58-89 % (August 2014 and March respectively) of the total terrestrial CO2 export from the slope to the stream. The hillslope, in turn, became a progressively larger source of CO2 to the stream during high flow events. To identify the drivers behind these zone-dependent and seasonal patterns in CO2 export, the CO2 production dissolved in the groundwater (groundwater- absorbed carbon) was estimated by taking the temporarily stored CO2  into account. The highest groundwater-absorbed carbon was observed during April and May (5.0 and 7.1 g C-CO2 m-2 month-1 respectively) which is the period with the highest discharge due to snow melt and the initiation of spring production. As such, conventional methods (gas chambers and the gradient method) may underestimate the soil respiration up to 50% during periods of high flow, as they exclude groundwater-absorbed carbon. CO2 consumption was observed in September 2014 and October 2015 (-0.2 and -0.7 g C-CO2 m-2 month-1 respectively) and may be explained by a major amount of the soil respiration being emitted instead of diluted in the groundwater during periods of low groundwater levels. It can be concludedthat, regardless of season, the riparian zone is a major source of CO2 to the headwater stream.<br>En signifikant mängd koldioxid (CO2) är lagrad i skog och marken. Marken i barrskogsregionernaförvarar en signifikant mängd CO2 där det partiella trycket av CO2 varierar mellan ~10 000 – 50 000 ppm i jämförelse med atmosfären (400 ppm). Mättnaden av CO2 gör att mycket avdunstar tillbaka till atmosfären. Dock absorberas en del CO2 av grundvattnet; vilket resulterar i en naturlig transport av CO2 vidare till ytvattnen där det kapillära nätverket av bäckar är största recipienten. Det är fortfarande oklart hur transporten av CO2 är distribuerad i ett vattenavrinningsområde vilket medför brister i förståelsen av en viktig processväg som kan komma att spela en större roll i framtidens kolkretslopp på grund av den globala uppvärmningen. Därför är en kvantifiering av olika områdens bidrag av CO2 till bäckarna nödvändig. Två betydande zoner i ett vattenavrinningsområde som troligen bidrar olika är: the riparian zone som är närmast bäcken och består av fina sediment med hög organisk halt och, the hillslope som är resterande område och består av grovkorniga jordar med låg organisk halt. Den förstnämnda misstänks transportera mer CO2 via grundvattnet på grund av dess närhet till bäcken, höga halter av CO2 och höga vattenmättnad men detta är ännu inte verifierat. Jag evaluerar the riparian zone som en viktig källa till CO2 i ett vattenavrinningsområde genom att kvantifiera transporten av CO2 från de två zonerna. För att förklara varför transporten varierar presenterar jag en ny modell (GVR) som beräknar den månatliga fluktuationen av den del av CO2-produktionen som absorberas i grundvattnet i the riparian zone. Mätningar av data utfördes i Västrabäcken, ett mindre vattenavrinningsområde i ett större vid namn Krycklan, i norra Sverige. En transekt av tre mätstationer (i bäcken, the riparian zone och the hillslope) installerades i den förmodade grundvattenströmningsriktningen. Resultaten visar på en hög produktion av CO2 under vårfloden (maj) då en hög grundvattenyta troligen absorberar en signifikant mängd CO2. Detta kan betyda att jordrespiration under våren underskattas då dagens mätmetoder är begränsade till mätningar i jorden av CO2 ovan grundvattenytan. Fortsatta studier rekommenderas där GVR-modellen och andra mätmetoder utförs samtidigt för att vidare utröna den kvantitativa underskattningen under perioder med hög grundvattenyta (speciellt under våren). Bidraget från the riparian zone till den totala laterala transporten av CO2 till bäcken under ett år varierar mellan 58-89 % och det månatliga transportmönstret kunde förklaras med resultaten från GVR-modellen. Resultaten verifierar att oberoende av säsong så är the riparian zone den huvudsakliga laterala koltransporten från landvegetationen; medan the hillslope procentuellt bidrar med mer CO2 under höga grundvattenflöden.
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Conrad, Yvonne [Verfasser]. "Model-based quantification of nitrate-nitrogen leaching considering sources of uncertainty / Yvonne Conrad." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1128149249/34.

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Sturm, M. "Identification and quantification of transient structure-borne sound sources in electrical steering systems." Thesis, University of Salford, 2014. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/30761/.

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During driving on rough roads, rattle noise may emanate from (electric power) rack-and-pinion steering gears as a result of reverse feedback from the road. This project is in collaboration with a German steering system manufacturer and aims to develop a methodology facilitating identification and quantification of transient structure-borne sound sources within electrical steering systems. To achieve this aim, a conceptual source-path-receiver model has been developed that discloses the theoretical locations and associated mechanisms of all possible transient sound sources inside the steering gear. This information forms the basis for a subsequent measurement step which is required to experimentally quantify the strength of each individual source. The measurement approach is based on a time domain equivalent of the in-situ blocked force method; thus facilitating independent source characterisation on the fully assembled structure. The time domain (TD) approach relies on a robust inversion routine that uses an adaptive algorithm to simultaneously reconstruct multi-channel (blocked) force signatures from operational responses and the corresponding impulse response functions both measured (in-situ) on the (assembled) structure. The TD inversion routine is derived from the least mean square (LMS) algorithm which is widely used in adaptive filter design. The accuracy and sensitivity of the TD inversion routine is elaborated and compared to the standard frequency domain inverse method using simple numerical examples. Its general applicability for sophisticated technical structures is evaluated by example of an electric powered steering system being subjected to artificial excitation. The use of the TD approach for characterisation of transient structure-borne sound sources based on the blocked force method is discussed and different procedures to improve the force estimation accuracy are proposed. These procedures can be classified into methods that (i) help to evaluate the quality of pre-measured frequency response functions (FRFs) which are required to set up the (inverse) system model, (ii) measurement routines that may help to improve future FRF measurements conducted in-situ, i.e. whilst the steering gear is connected to a special rattling test bench, (iii) correction strategies to separate contributions from known (external) structure-borne sound sources different from the desired (internal) rattling sources and (iv) criteria that in theory allow for monitoring the performance of the iterative TD inversion routine precisely. Finally, the developed methodology is used to identify and quantify rattle sources within a steering system under realistic testing conditions.
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Moore, Treyton Michael. "Molecular Methods for the Identification and Quantification of Cyanobacteria in Surface Water Sources." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2019. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/7408.

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Geosmin is a strong musty-flavored organic compound that is responsible for many taste-and-odor events in surface drinking water sources like lakes and reservoirs. The taste threshold of geosmin for humans is lower than 10 ng/L. Traditional treatment methods will not remove geosmin to this level. Additional water treatment methods must be implemented to successfully remove the geosmin and its associated flavor and odor from drinking water. Furthermore, geosmin is produced by cyanobacteria somewhat sporadically, so it is difficult to predict when taste-and-odor events are going to occur. The difficulty involved with predicting geosmin events has led most water treatment facilities to adopt reactive approaches towards geosmin treatment; these facilities typically treat for geosmin in response to complaints of an earthy off-flavor in the drinking water. This reactive approach causes issues with consumer confidence, as the flavor of the water is one of the only metrics a consumer has for judging the safety of his or her water. To enable proactive treatment of geosmin from water, more sensitive methods for geosmin detection or taste-and-odor event prediction must be developed.This study investigates the use of quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) for the early detection of geosmin-producing cyanobacteria. qPCR can detect geosmin-producing cyanobacteria via their DNA. I developed a qPCR assay for this study that is capable of sensitively detecting multiple strains of the geosmin-producing Nostoc genus. The developed assay showed high sensitivity, demonstrating the possibility for its use in detecting low concentrations of geosmin-producing cyanobacteria before detectible levels of geosmin have been produced and released into the water. Through further sequencing of more geosmin-producing genera and species, the methodology outlined in this research could be applied to develop the tools necessary to predict taste-and-odor events caused by geosmin-producing cyanobacteria.
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Berchet, Antoine. "Quantification des sources de méthane en Sibérie par inversion atmosphérque à la méso-échelle." Thesis, Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014VERS0058/document.

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Les émissions anthropiques et naturelles de méthane en Sibérie contribuent de manièrenotable, mais mal quantifiée au budget mondial de méthane (3–11% des émissions mondiales).Au Sud de la région, les émissions anthropiques sont liées aux grands centres urbains.Au Nord, l’extraction de gaz et de pétrole en Sibérie occidentale induit d’importantessources anthropiques ponctuelles. Ces régions sont aussi couvertes de vastes zones humidesnaturelles émettant du méthane durant l’été (typiquement de mai à septembre). Nous utilisonsdes inversions atmosphériques régionales à la méso-échelle pour mieux comprendreles contributions de chaque processus dans le budget sibérien. Les inversions souffrent desincertitudes dans les observations, dans la simulation du transport et dans l’amplitude et ladistribution des émissions. Pour prendre en compte ces incertitudes, je développe une nouvelleméthode d’inversion basée sur une marginalisation des statistiques d’erreurs. Je testecette méthode et documente sa robustesse sur un cas test. Je l’applique ensuite à la Sibérie.À l’aide de mesures de concentrations atmosphériques de méthane collectées par des sitesd’observation de surface en Sibérie, j’estime le budget régional de méthane sibérien à 5–28 TgCH4.a−1 (1–5% des émissions mondiales), soit une réduction de 50% des incertitudespar rapport aux précédentes études dans la région. Grâce à cette méthode, je suis de plus enmesure de détecter des structures d’émissions par zones de quelques milliers de km2 et leurvariabilité à une résolution de 2–4 semaines<br>Anthopogenic and natural methane emissions in Siberia significantly contribute to theglobal methane budget, but the magnitude of these emissions is uncertain (3–11% of globalemissions). To the South, anthropogenic emissions are related to big urban centres. To theNorth, oil and gas extraction in West Siberia is responsible for conspicuous point sources.These regions are also covered by large natural wetlands emitting methane during the snowfreeseason, roughly from May to September. Regional atmospheric inversions at a meso-scaleprovide a mean for improving our knowledge on all emission process. But inversions sufferfrom the uncertainties in the assimilated observations, in the atmospheric transport modeland in the emission magnitude and distribution. I developp a new inversion method based onerror statistic marginalization in order to account for these uncertainties. I test this methodon case study and explore its robustness. I then apply it to Siberia. Using measurements ofmethane atmospheric concentrations gathered at Siberian surface observation sites, I founda regional methane budget in Siberia of 5–28 TgCH4.a−1 (1–5% of global emissions). Thisimplies a reduction of 50% in the uncertainties on the regional budget. With the new method,I also can detect emission patterns at a resolution of a few thousands km2 and emissionvariability at a resolution of 2–4 weeks
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Books on the topic "Quantification des sources"

1

Joe, Wisniewski, and Sampson R. Neil, eds. Terrestrial biospheric carbon fluxes: Quantification of sinks and sources of CO₂ : [workshop] Bad Harzburg, Germany, 1-5 March 1993. Kluwer Academic, 1993.

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Environment, Alberta Alberta. Specified gas emitters regulation: Additional guidance for interpretation of the quantification protocol for tillage system management for carbon offsets in Alberta. Alberta Environment, 2008.

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D, Denham, and Symposium on Quantification of Earthquakes and the Determination of Source Parameters (1987 : Vancouver), eds. Quantification of earthquakes and the determination of source parameters. Elsevier, 1989.

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Lillyman, Carrie Danielle. The quantification of mobile source contributions to fine particulate matter in the Greater Toronto Area. National Library of Canada, 2001.

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Currens, James C. Characterization and quantification of nonpoint source pollution in a conduit-flow dominated karst aquifer underlying an extensive use agricultural region--phase III: Final report. Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky, 1999.

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Sampson, R. Neil, and Joe Wisniewski. Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes Quantification of Sinks and Sources of CO2. Springer, 2012.

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Sampson, R. Neil, and Joe Wisniewski. Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes Quantification of Sinks and Sources of CO2. Springer London, Limited, 2012.

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(Editor), Joe Wisniewski, and R. Neil Sampson (Editor), eds. Terrestrial Biospheric Carbon Fluxes:: Quantification of Sinks and Sources of CO2. Springer, 1993.

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Wuertz, Stefan, Dustin Bambic, Graham McBride, and Woutrina Miller. Quantification of Pathogens and Sources of Microbial Indicators for QMRA in Recreational Waters. IWA Publishing, 2011.

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Bevington, Christopher F. P. Identification and Quantification of Atmospheric Emission Sources of Heavy Metals and Dust from Metallurgical Processes and Waste Incineration (Envi). European Communities, 1987.

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Book chapters on the topic "Quantification des sources"

1

Haspelmath, Martin. "Diachronic Sources of ‘All’ and ‘Every’." In Quantification in Natural Languages. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0321-3_12.

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Haspelmath, Martin. "Diachronic Sources of ‘All’ and ‘Every’." In Quantification in Natural Languages. Springer Netherlands, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2817-1_12.

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Parhizkar, Tarannom, Ingrid B. Utne, and Jan-Erik Vinnem. "Data Sources and Development for Online Risk Quantification." In Springer Series in Reliability Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88098-9_3.

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Sivashanmugam, Subarna, Sergio Rodriguez Trejo, and Farzad Pour Rahimian. "Construction Waste – Definition, Classification, Sources Impacts, Management, and Quantification." In Enhancing Interoperability and Automation of Construction Waste Quantification. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003610762-2.

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Warnick, G. Russell. "Variation in biochemical markers of bone turnover: sources, quantification, minimization." In Bone Markers. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003579472-16.

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Hu, Yu. "Pore Water Geochemistry and Quantification of Methane Cycling." In South China Sea Seeps. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-1494-4_8.

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AbstractOwing to numerous scientific cruises in the past two decades, pore water data from more than 250 sites within gas hydrate and cold seep areas of the South China Sea have been reported. These investigated sites are mainly distributed in the Dongsha–Taixinan, Shenhu, and Qiongdongnan areas of the northern South China Sea, together with a few sites from the Beikang Basin of the southern South China Sea. Pore water geochemical profiles at these sites have been used to indicate fluid sources that are linked to gas hydrates and methane seepage, to distinguish the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) from organoclastic sulfate reduction, to reveal fluid flow patterns, and to quantify the rates of AOM. As the pore water data accumulate over a broad area of the SCS, recent attempts have been made to quantify regional sulfate and methane cycling in the subseafloor of the northern South China Sea. This quantitative assessment on a regional scale highlights the importance of deep-sourced methane in governing subseafloor carbon and sulfur cycling along continental margins.
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Imfeld, G., G. Skrzypek, J. Adu-Gyamfi, and L. Heng. "Conclusion: Stable Isotope Tracers Are Useful for the Identification of Pollutants in Agro-ecosystems." In Tracing the Sources and Fate of Contaminants in Agroecosystems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47265-7_8.

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AbstractPollutant management in agro-ecosystems is a complex challenge that requires two key questions to be answered: (i) how to improve identification and quantification of pollutant sources, transport pathways and fate on the catchment scale? and (ii) how to prioritise and combine soil and water management practices to minimise the use and impact of agro-pollutants? An integrative book such as this one, focusing on the stable H, C, N, O and S isotope compositions of a variety of agro-pollutants, may help to address the first question and enable increasingly precise and robust evaluation of pollution in agro-ecosystems.
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Kronvang, B., R. Grant, and A. L. Laubel. "Sediment and Phosphorus Export from a Lowland Catchment: Quantification of Sources." In The Interactions Between Sediments and Water. Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5552-6_48.

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Skrzypek, G. "Stable Sulfur and Oxygen Isotope Compositions of Sulfates to Disentangle Agrocontaminants from Other Sources of Sulfur in Agrosystems." In Tracing the Sources and Fate of Contaminants in Agroecosystems. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-47265-7_6.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes key information about the sulfur cycle and stable sulfur isotope biogeochemistry. The overview includes a description of the range of the stable sulfur isotope compositions in natural environments, potential pollutants and fertilizers used in agriculture. The primary focus is on the generation, transport, and mixing of sulfate and on its stable sulfur and oxygen isotope compositions that can be used as tracers. Several case studies that apply stable sulfate isotope analyses for the identification and quantification of pollutants in natural environments are used to provide an overview of successful applications and highlight major challenges. These are followed by the principles of sulfate sampling and analytical techniques.
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Sokołowska, Joanna Julia, and Bogumiła Chmielewska. "Carbon Footprint and CO2 Emissions in the Concrete-Polymer Composites Technology." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72955-3_14.

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AbstractIn the building materials industry, similarly to other industry sectors, the quantification of greenhouse gas emissions is undertaken, enabling the identification of GHG sources both for individual production processes and in total – for specific material solutions and products. While recently a lot of attention is paid to analyze carbon footprint of ordinary concrete and development of low-emission cements with significantly reduced Portland clinker content, the issue of GHG quantification in the context of concrete-like polymer composites (including concretes with polymer binders e.g. PCC or PC and concretes with significant amounts of polymer modifiers) is not recognized. This article attempts to make a preliminary assessment of the impact of the presence of polymers on the carbon footprint of such composites.
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Conference papers on the topic "Quantification des sources"

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Manea-Saghin, Ana-Maria, Mihai Lesnic, and Irina Meghea. "CURRENT ASPECTS CONCERNING QUANTIFICATION OF PHARMACEUTICAL WASTE FROM WATER SOURCES." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2024. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/5.1/s20.09.

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As a result of increasing water consumption by pharmaceutical industries, hospitals, and the population, large volumes of liquids discharges containing pharmaceutical compounds have been generated worldwide. Even though there is a consistent contribution on the sustainable management of these contaminants, the efforts to reduce this pollution are progressing on a rather small scale. Such pollutants can be introduced into water-receiving bodies either directly, through animal and human excretions, or through unregulated disposal and anthropogenic activities, resulting in their presence in small amounts in aqueous systems. Even if they are in small amounts these classes of contaminants are persistent or partially degraded during treatment processes and thus may cause adverse effects on human and animal health as a result of bioaccumulation. This paper summarizes the main aspects referring to quantification of pharmaceutical waste from both drinkable and industrial waters in order to provide efficient solutions to counteract their negative impact on environment and human health.
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Hutcherson, Justin, and Mark Reed. "On Site qPCR Application for Rapid Microbial Detection and Quantification." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14600.

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Abstract Microbial contamination is a major concern in oil/gas system or industrial water operation where it can result in multiple major corrosion issues and efficiency losses. Chemical treatment is the primary means to control microbial contamination, but due to changes in temperature and water sources, this results in major shifts in the microbial levels and populations which can influence the efficacy of these treatments. Due to the shifts in the number of bacteria and the change in the dominant microbial species, optimal dosage of biocide is very difficult. Inadequate dosage regimen will result in major losses, whilst excess chemical dosage will incur unnecessary costs whilst also increasing the environmental load. A quick, reliable microbial measurement will help identify critical control points in the process and will allow optimization of dosing of the treatment program. Agar growth, ATP, and media bottle testing have long been the standard for microbial detection, but these can lack the specificity, sensitivity and response time needed to adequately address the changing conditions in the industrial system described. The molecular-based approach, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), described in this article, provides a near real-time method to measure bioburden, allowing operational decisions to mitigate issues to occur more rapidly.
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Pinto, Luiz André Lucas Teixeira, Vinícius Ribeiro Flores, Diogo Azevedo Coutinho, and Walter Barreiro Cravo Junior. "Impact of Different Carbon Sources on dsrAB Gene, a Major Concern for Oil and Gas Industries." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20602.

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Abstract Corrosion induced by microorganisms is an already known fact that affects, among other heavy industries, the oil and gas sector. Its understanding and deep knowledge can avoid material and physical damage to those involved in the related processes. Molecular tools may help to mitigate these possible damages; however, studies are needed to understand molecular mechanisms involving microbial activity, especially the transcription of important enzymes such as sulfite reductase (dsrAB) which may be involved in the corrosive process. mRNA extraction and cDNA synthesis were performed to quantify gene expression. Also, the enzyme production quantification by molecular techniques and H2S analysis were conducted to check dissolved gas concentration through potentiometric titration. It was possible to infer that availability of carbon sources and its complexity may increase bacterial metabolic activity, especially in the presence of lactate that, in this study, showed an increase in gene expression and H2S production compared to a variety of carbon sources and a control sample.
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Srinivasan, Sridhar, and Gerrit Buchheim. "High Temperature Corrosion Quantification in Renewable Diesel and Sustainable Aviation Fuel Applications." In MECC 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/mecc2023-20056.

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Abstract Production of Renewable Diesel (RD) and Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) from biological sources (natural oils) has seen exponential growth in recent years, stemming from worldwide government mandated climate change initiatives alongside the need for carbon capture and sequestration. Significant, rapid investments have occurred in retrofitting / adapting existing refinery hydroprocessing infrastructure to process natural oils or coprocess natural oils blended with crudes to produce RD and SAF. This stems from the fact that natural oils have the hydrocarbon (HC) structures to fit within the mid-distillate fuel product such as diesel and aviation fuel as well as that these processes are optimized for removal of unwanted Sulfur and Oxygen removal. In these modified hydroprocessing applications, high temperature decomposition of triglycerides (TRG) leads to production of RD and SAF through hydroprocessing of esters and free fatty acids (FFA). The resulting oxygen free-RD and SAF products are completely fungible with petroleum hydrocarbons and have the added benefit of producing propane as a by-product. Hydro-processing of refined natural oils (degummed, bleached, neutralized, and deodorized) has its own unique corrosion problems. FFA formed in pre-heat trains and off-gases (H2O, CO2, CO, H2) differ from those traditionally found in refinery hydro-processing. While aqueous carbonic acid corrosion due to CO2 is well understood, high temperature corrosion by transient formation of FFA is not and forms the focus of this paper. Over the last few years, the authors introduced a molecular mechanistic model to quantify simultaneous high temperature naphthenic acid and sulfidation corrosion (CorrExpert®-Crude) in refinery CDU/VDU operations. That model has been adapted to address high temperature FFA corrosion, given that FFA are carboxylic acids, akin to naphthenic acids found in conventional fossil-fuel based crude unit process streams. Above 540F (280C), TRGs generate mixtures of free fatty acids (FFA) that vary in corrosivity and stability as a function of molecular shape / structure and saturation. Saturated FFA are rigid, tend to align in clumps by self-association and are much less corrosive when compared to conventional HC nap acids. Unsaturated FFA, which leave access for a 2nd acid, are similar to HC nap acids and are equally corrosive. The proposed model facilitates differentiated treatment of unsaturated and saturated FFA to quantify surface reactions sensitive to acid shape and reactivity. Algorithms have been created to predict the “effective TAN” for TRG at temperature as a function of residence time and are designed to be incorporated into the existing corrosion prediction model.
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Fichter, Jennifer, Geddy Hamblen, Chris Janes, Elizabeth J. Summer, Elizabeth J. Summer, and Abigail Mills. "Use of a Methodological Panel to Identify the Source of Problematic Microbial Contamination in an Oil Shale Field." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09019.

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Abstract An oil shale field was found to exhibit classic signs of a heavy microbial burden, including incidences of hydrogen sulfide production, downhole and surface microbially influenced corrosion, downhole pump and surface equipment fouling and fracturing fluid and drilling mud degradation. Over 140 samples, including formation core material, drilling muds, fracturing fluid source waters, production well samples, samples collected from failed pipe surfaces and samples from salt water disposal facilities, were collected in a comprehensive survey. Microbial activity was measured in parallel using four different bacterial quantification methods: 1) traditional MPN culture-based assay for SRB, APB, GHB (aka "bug bottles”), 2) direct visualization and counting bacterial cells utilizing live/dead staining coupled to flow cytometry, 3) an ATP-based assay for metabolically active cells, and 4) a hydrolase-based assay for metabolically active cells. Additionally, the microbial populations of some samples were characterized genetically using 16S amplicon metagenomics. Biocide selection tests were performed with frac water sources and a drilling mud sample. Metagenomics analysis of the formation core material indicated that the indigenous microbial populations were predominantly biodegrading and general heterotrophic microorganisms with minimal to no known problem-causing organisms recovered. The survey results suggested that the bacterial activity could be attributed primarily to introduced water sources as opposed to indigenous formation microbes. Data generated by this exhaustive testing and screening were used to influence biocide choice and applications in the field. The impact of biocides on the field microbial characteristics are described and discussed.
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Mizaikoff, Boris. "Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy & Food Safety: Can Photonics Hunt a Cereal Killer?" In Latin America Optics and Photonics Conference. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/laop.2024.tu1b.4.

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Photonic technologies have seen revolutionary developments in the past decades leading from conventional optics to on-chip photonic devices. Owing to the recent advances in mid-infrared (3-20 μm; MIR) laser technology, especially cascade laser spectroscopy (CSL) has evolved into a state-of-the-art tool for the selective and sensitive quantification of trace analytes in liquid, solid, and gaseous state in a wide variety of sensing scenarios. High output power, narrow linewidths, single-mode operation, low power consumption, broad tunability and compact dimensions are just some of the most outstanding features of cascade lasers. Since their introduction, quantum cascade lasers (QCL) and interband cascade lasers (ICL) have rapidly matured, and have established themselves as the probably most important contemporary MIR laser light sources.
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Swamy, Maharudrayya, Pejman Shoeibi Omrani, and Nestor Gonzalez Diez. "Uncertainty Quantification of Aeroacoustic Power Sources in Corrugated Pipes." In ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45507.

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Gas transport in corrugated pipes often exhibit whistling behavior, due to periodic flow-induced pulsations generated in the pipe cavities. These aero-acoustic sources are strongly dependent on the geometrical dimensions and features of the cavities. As a result, uncertainties in the exact shape and geometry play a significant role in determining the singing behavior of corrugated pipes. While predictive modelling for idealized periodic structures is well established, this paper focusses on the sensitivity analysis and uncertainty quantification (UQ) of uncertain geometrical parameters using probabilistic models. The two most influential geometrical parameters varied within this study are the cavity width and downstream edge radius. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was used to characterize the acoustic source. Stochastic collocation method was used for propagation of input parameter uncertainties. The analysis was performed with both full tensor product grid and sparse grid based on level-2 Clenshaw-Curtis points. The results show that uncertainties in the width and downstream edge radius of the cavity have an effect on the acoustic source power, peak Strouhal number and consequently the whistling onset velocity. Based on the assumed input parameters distribution functions, the confidence levels for the prediction of onset velocity were calculated. Finally, the results show the importance of performing uncertainty analysis to get more insights in the source of errors and consequently leading to a more robust design or risk-management oriented decision.
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Comsa, Daria C., Thomas J. Farrell, and Michael S. Patterson. "Quantification of Point-Like Fluorescent Sources in Small Animals." In Biomedical Optics. OSA, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/biomed.2008.bwe5.

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Fantz, U., Ch Wimmer, Yasuhiko Takeiri, and Katsuyoshi Tsumori. "Quantification Of Cesium In Negative Hydrogen Ion Sources By Laser Absorption Spectroscopy." In SECOND INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON NEGATIVE IONS, BEAMS AND SOURCES. AIP, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.3637405.

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Lindquist, Beth A., Sven P. Rudin, and Daniel A. Rehn. "Uncertainty quantification for equation of state using heterogeneous data sources." In 23RD BIENNIAL CONFERENCE OF THE APS TOPICAL GROUP ON SHOCK COMPRESSION OF CONDENSED MATTER. AIP Publishing, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1063/12.0028532.

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Reports on the topic "Quantification des sources"

1

Harbaugh, Glenn R., Daniel A. Steinhurst, Mark J. Howard, Bruce J. Barrow, Jonathan T. Miller, and Thomas H. Bell. Quantification of Noise Sources in EMI Surveys. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada559831.

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Li, Sabrina, Mark Mathis, Joshua Leveillee, Alfred Farris, John Tipton, and Daniel Rehn. Tantalum Equation of State with Uncertainty Quantification using Heterogeneous Data Sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2172/2571213.

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Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41523.

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Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique may include up to 10 km in digitized dust-source location error due to downwind advection. However, the potential for error in this method due to analyst subjectivity has never been formally quantified. In this study, we evaluate a version of the methodology adapted to better enable reproducibility assessments amongst multiple analysts to determine the role of analyst subjectivity on recorded dust source location error. Four analysts individually mapped dust plumes in Southwest Asia and Northwest Africa using five years of MODIS imagery collected from 15 May to 31 August. A plume-source location is considered reproducible if the maximum distance between the analyst point-source markers for a single plume is ≤10 km. Results suggest analyst marker placement is reproducible; however, additional analyst subjectivity-induced error (7 km determined in this study) should be considered to fully characterize locational uncertainty. Additionally, most of the identified plume heads (&gt; 90%) were not marked by all participating analysts, which indicates dust source maps generated using this technique may differ substantially between users.
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Sinclair, Samantha, and Sandra LeGrand. Reproducibility assessment and uncertainty quantification in subjective dust source mapping. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41542.

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Accurate dust-source characterizations are critical for effectively modeling dust storms. A previous study developed an approach to manually map dust plume-head point sources in a geographic information system (GIS) framework using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) imagery processed through dust-enhancement algorithms. With this technique, the location of a dust source is digitized and recorded if an analyst observes an unobscured plume head in the imagery. Because airborne dust must be sufficiently elevated for overland dust-enhancement algorithms to work, this technique may include up to 10 km in digitized dust-source location error due to downwind advection. However, the potential for error in this method due to analyst subjectivity has never been formally quantified. In this study, we evaluate a version of the methodology adapted to better enable reproducibility assessments amongst multiple analysts to determine the role of analyst subjectivity on recorded dust source location error. Four analysts individually mapped dust plumes in Southwest Asia and Northwest Africa using five years of MODIS imagery collected from 15 May to 31 August. A plume-source location is considered reproducible if the maximum distance between the analyst point-source markers for a single plume is ≤10 km. Results suggest analyst marker placement is reproducible; however, additional analyst subjectivity-induced error (7 km determined in this study) should be considered to fully characterize locational uncertainty. Additionally, most of the identified plume heads (&gt; 90%) were not marked by all participating analysts, which indicates dust source maps generated using this technique may differ substantially between users.
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Jakeman, John, Michael Eldred, Gianluca Geraci, Thomas Smith, and Alex Gorodetsky. LDRD #218317: Learning Hidden Structure in Multi-Fidelity Information Sources for Efficient Uncertainty Quantification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1668458.

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Russell, Lynn, and Dan Lubin. Final Report for Baselining the Indirect Effect by Improving Quantification of Sea Spray and Marine Sources at Ascension Island. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2024. https://doi.org/10.2172/2477379.

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Christensen, Lance. PR-459-133750-R03 Fast Accurate Automated System To Find And Quantify Natural Gas Leaks. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011633.

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Miniature natural gas sensors weighing a few hundred grams with 10 ppb s-1 sensitivity towards methane and ppb s-1 sensitivity towards methane and ethane present the energy industry with cost effective ways to improve safety, comply with State and Federal regulations, decrease natural gas emissions, and attribute natural gas indications to thermogenic or biogenic sources. One particularly promising implementation is on small unmanned aerial systems (sUASs) flown by service providers or in-house personnel or even more ambitiously as part of larger network conducting autonomous, continual monitoring. This report describes refinement of the OPLS measurement system to include all ancillary instruments needed to put OPLS methane and ethane measurements into context for leak surveillance, localization, and quantification. Flights were conducted on a variety of VTOLs and fixed wing drones as described below to ensure that the overall system development resulted in a system that was platform agnostic. This report describes: - The complete agnostic OPLS measurement system.The individual components are described and their performance investigated.Technical issues that arose during testing and field deployment are described. - Field experiments of the refined OPLS measurement system at a real-world oil and gas production site.These experiments exercise the OPLS system's ability to do leak surveillance, localization, and quantification. - Laboratory development of the OPLS instrument to improve its performance in terms of signal-to-noise and accuracy. - Field experiments demonstrating the successful application of OPLS on a fixed-wing hybrid flown at altitudes higher than 50 m. - Field experiments demonstrating the utility of source attribution using the ethane measurement capability. There is a related webinar.
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8

Neudecker, D., V. Pronyaev, and G. Schnabel. Summary Report of the IAEA Consultants’ Meeting on Neutron Data Standards. IAEA Nuclear Data Section, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61092/iaea.spcr-1nha.

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The latest IAEA Neutron data standards were released in January 2018 (nds.iaea.org/standards/). This meeting was organized by the IAEA Nuclear Data Section to review the status of ongoing work for the development of the next version of the Neutron Data Standards. This meeting was conducted virtually during the week of 6-10 December 2021. There were 21 registered participants. Eighteen talks informed about ongoing measurement campaigns, interpretation of past measurements, ongoing evaluation work and developments regarding uncertainty quantification and evaluation methodology. Several new measurements were presented that were recommended to be included in the neutron standards database. Discussions on evaluation methodology comprised the consideration of spectrum averaged fission cross sections, the treatment of unrecognized sources of uncertainties, the development and application of uncertainty templates and extensions of the energy range of evaluations.
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9

Fourrier, Marine. Integration of in situ and satellite multi-platform data (estimation of carbon flux for trop. Atlantic). EuroSea, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3289/eurosea_d7.6.

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This report presents the results of task 7.3 on “Quantification of improvements in carbon flux data for the tropical Atlantic based on the multi-platform and neural network approach”. To better constrain changes in the ocean’s capture and sequestration of CO2 emitted by human activities, in situ measurements are needed. Tropical regions are considered to be mostly sources of CO2 to the atmosphere due to specific circulation features, with large interannual variability mainly controlled by physical drivers (Padin et al., 2010). The tropical Atlantic is the second largest source, after the tropical Pacific, of CO2 to the atmosphere (Landschützer et al., 2014). However, it is not a homogeneous zone, as it is affected by many physical and biogeochemical processes that vary on many time scales and affect surrounding areas (Foltz et al., 2019). The Tropical Atlantic Observing System (TAOS) has progressed substantially over the past two decades. Still, many challenges and uncertainties remain to require further studies into the area’s role in terms of carbon fluxes (Foltz et al., 2019). Monitoring and sustained observations of surface oceanic CO2 are critical for understanding the fate of CO2 as it penetrates the ocean and during its sequestration at depth. This deliverable relies on different observing platforms deployed specifically as part of the EuroSea project (a Saildrone, and 5 pH-equipped BGC-Argo floats) as well as on the platforms as part of the TAOS (CO2-equipped moorings, cruises, models, and data products). It also builds on the work done in D7.1 and D7.2 on the deployment and quality control of pH-equipped BGC-Argo floats and Saildrone data. Indeed, high-quality homogeneously calibrated carbonate variable measurements are mandatory to be able to compute air-sea CO2 fluxes at a basin scale from multiple observing platforms. (EuroSea Deliverable, D7.6)
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10

Liu, Zhen, Cosmin Safta, Khachik Sargsyan, et al. Greenhouse Gas Source Attribution: Measurements Modeling and Uncertainty Quantification. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1322290.

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